Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Accomplishments

We met virtually as a team every other month to strengthen collaborative relationships, and through this mechanism contributed to the development of the Small and Family Businesses Values Survey that Dr. Marshall was developing. Every other month, the NC1030 research team met virtually to discuss their research agenda. These meetings informed the research team of current and upcoming research projects.

A subcommittee was created last year with interested members to study the impact of technology on small family businesses. This committee met via video conference multiple times in 2018 and 2019 to determine if a manuscript could be developed from the 2016 Wave 4 data. The committee determined there was not enough data to work with the data set. This group collaborated with Dr. Marshall on the Small and Family Values Survey to develop a 10-item scale to be included in the on-line survey in April 2019. A plan is underway to use the data resulting from this survey to develop a manuscript related to technology and social media use by small businesses responding to the survey. 

Another group of NC1030 research team members collaborated during the annual meeting with Marshall and Wiatt to identify the questions that are the focus of our research for this year.

Data analysis and manuscript development are underway with NC 1030 team members on an initial methods paper regarding family business sustainability in times of economic change. This work utilizes wave 4 findings from the National Family Business Panel Data (NFBPD). A second paper with NC 1030 team members is under development from the NFBPD wave 4 data regarding entrepreneurial and innovative strategies used by family-owned businesses in relation to conditions of economic change.  New research collaborations were initiated with NC 1030 team members concerning technology and social media use by small family-owned firms for business growth and sustainability. Panel data from NFBPD will allow for longitudinal research of family business survival over time, and in particular during recessionary periods. Findings from the three noted papers will provide valuable insight for researchers and family business assistance providers. The NFBPD will also provide preliminary data for a larger planned external grant on family business survival factors and also inform policy decisions.

NC1030 researchers from Hawaii, Nebraska, Utah and North Dakota, completed an article accepted for presentation at the USASBE Interdisciplinary & Experiential Entrepreneurship Education 2020 Conference. The competitive research paper addresses the role of owner and community involvement on business success in small family businesses. This presentation will reach a variety of audiences, which include entrepreneurship educators, researchers, program leaders, center directors, as well as policymakers.

Dr. George Haynes was invited to develop a critical review of the literature and state of the art for the Journal of Family and Economic Issues. Haynes is well respected in the field and this group is particularly well situated to contribute to the review because of the nature of NC1030’s focus. Working with the NC1030 research team, tasks were identified to develop an invited manuscript for the Journal of Family and Economic Issues as a critical review of the family business literature that has been published over the last decade.  Members from NC 1030 will collaborate in this effort.

Dr. Masuo and co-author James Tamayose completed an article scheduled for publication in the October issue of the Purdue Initiative for Family Firms Newsletter. The reviewed article, The Emotional Side of Succession Planning in Family Farm Businesses, raises awareness of the importance of considering the emotional aspects of succession planning, given the dynamic nature of business owners’ feeling about retiring and passing on their farm businesses, and the more complex nature of intergenerational land and business transfers that are inherent in farm businesses.

Dr. Virginia Solis Zuiker, in collaboration with the University of Minnesota researchers Dr. Hye-Young Kim and Alanna Norton (graduate student) completed an article accepted for presentation at the 2019 American Collegiate Retailing Association conference. The competitive paper examines consumer motivations to attend farmers markets in Minnesota using the concept of embeddedness building on the works by Feagan and Morris (2009). This presentation reached a variety of audiences, which included educators and researchers from business schools, liberal arts, economics, human ecology, textiles, design, and apparel.

Data collection was completed in 2018 for a study of small quilt shops in North Dakota and Minnesota. Analysis of the data will continue in the coming year to understand how the entrepreneurial savvy of these business owners contributes to business success.  The findings of this study will advance knowledge and shape educational programming and may be disseminated via workshops, classroom instruction of apparel/ retail merchandising students, conference presentations, and journal publications.  Identification of a model will stimulate future research and identify effective outreach opportunities.  Sharing findings will help communities and family businesses increase resilience and achieve their goals.  Sharing knowledge with undergraduate students may encourage their own interest in pursuing entrepreneurial opportunities as an opportunity exists to work with a new Entrepreneurship Center created at NDSU. 

Marshall and Valdivia collaborated in a proposal on Rural Small Businesses Recovery and Resilience to Natural Hazards focusing on Women and Minority-Owned Small Businesses that has been funded by AFRI USDA to conduct research for the next three years. Marshall and Valdivia collaborated in the development of a proposal for AFRI NIFA that was successful and will support research to understand the strategies of small minority and women businesses in recovering from disasters. The research integrates past findings from research on perceptions of risk and feelings of dread of extreme events impacting the livelihoods of families.

Maria Marshall and Renee Wiatt developed a survey titled The Small Business Values Survey for small business owners and collected data in April 2019. Three peer-reviewed publications were published. NC 1030 members worked at the annual meeting to identify research papers that they will collaborate on during 2019-2010.

Dr. Marshall continues to provide resources that include the Purdue Institute for Family Business (PIFB formerly PIFF) quarterly newsletter, and extension publications, research articles focused on four core areas: strategic planning, estate and financial planning, succession planning, and maintaining family bonds. Nine workshops were conducted that focused on succession planning in farm and non-farm family businesses. Extension educators from the Purdue Succession Planning Team were trained on conflict modes using the TKI assessment. A new signature program for Extension educators was developed titled: Family Business Management 101.

Publications

Armstrong, C. M., & LeHew, M. L. A. (2018). Shifting the Dominant Social Paradigm in the apparel industry: Acknowledging the pink elephant. In K. A. Miller-Spillman, A. Reilly, & P. Hunt-Hurst (eds.) The Meaning of Dress (4^th edition).

Carriere, D. M.I. Marshall, and J. Binkley. 2019. Response to Economic Shock: Impacts of Recession on Rural-Urban Suicides in the United States. Journal of Rural Health, 35(2):253-261.

Fiore, A. M., Hurst, J. L., Niehm, L. S., Chung, T. L., Karpova, E., Sadachar, A., & Testa, D. S. (2018). Global and entrepreneurial perspectives for enhancing retailing education: Development of a hybrid graduate course focused on US and Indian small businesses. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 18(3), 11-25.

Haynes, G. W., Danes, S., Schrank, H., & Lee, Y. (2019).  Survival and Success of Family-Owned Small Businesses after Hurricane Katrina: Impact of Disaster Assistance and Adaptive Capacity,  Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12245

Hiller Connell, K. Y., & LeHew, M. L. A. (2020). Fashion: An unrecognized contributor to climate change (Chapter 6). In E. Karpova and S. Marcketti (eds.) The Dangers of Fashion: Towards Ethical and Sustainable Solutions. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.

Johnson Jorgensen, J., & Ha, Y. (2019).  The Influence of Electronic Word-Of-Mouth via Social Networking Sites on the Socialization of College-Aged Consumers.  Journal of Interactive Advertising.

Johnson Jorgensen, J., & Sorensen, K. (In Press).  Acceptance of Virtual Reality When Browsing for Apparel.  International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing.

Li, W. and M.I. Marshall. Gender and Business Owner Satisfaction: The Case of Farm and Non-Farm Family Businesses in the Midwest. Accepted 2019. Journal of Family Business Management December 2018.

Manikowske, L., Lee, J., & Park, K. (2019). Use of social media by small fashion retailers and their customer engagement. International Journal of Costume and Fashion, 19(1), 51-68.

Son, J., Niehm, L.S., Russell, D., & Lee, J. (2019, April). Assessing the social media use and needs of small rural retailers: Implications for extension program support. Journal of Extension, 57(2), 2RIB2.           

Sorensen, K., & Johnson Jorgensen, J. (2019).  Millennial Perceptions of Fast Fashion and Second-Hand Clothing: An Exploration of Clothing Preferences Using Q Methodology.  Social Sciences, 8(244), 1-13.

Tang, R., Hurst, J., Niehm, L.S., Fiore, A.M., Dore, A., & Jablon-Roberts, S. (2019). Re-conceptualizing the hierarchical service quality model: The case of agritourism events. Journal of Event Management. https://doi.org/10.3727/152599519X15506259856435

Torres, A.B., M.I. Marshall, and S. Sydnor. 2019. Does Social Capital Pay Off? The Case of Small Business Resilience after Hurricane Katrina. Journal of Crisis and Contingencies Management, 27(2): 168-181.

Valdivia, C. and Yager, K. (2019). Adapting to Climate Change in the Andes: changing landscapes and livelihood strategies in the Altiplano. Chapter 41 In Cupples, J., M. Palomino-Schalscha and M. Prieto (eds) The Routledge Handbook of Latin American Development. Routledge International. Pp. 480-499. ISBN:1138060739.

Yager, K., C. Valdivia, D. Slayback, E. Jimenez, R. I. Meneses, M. Brach, D. Romero, A. Romero, A. Palabral, A. Hubbard, P. Pacheco, A. Calle, A. Humber, G. Zeballos, O. Yana, D. Ulloa.  (2019). Socio-ecological dimensions of Andean pastoral landscape change: bridging traditional ecological knowledge and satellite image analysis in Sajama National Park, Bolivia. Regional Environmental Change. 19(5): 1353–1369

Zimbroff, A., & Johnson Jorgensen, J. (In Press).  A Subjective Assessment of Young Adult Attitudes toward Entrepreneurship in Bangladesh.  International Journal of Entrepreneurship.

Peer Reviewed Extension Publications

Masuo, D. & Tamayose, J. (2019). The Emotional Side of Succession Planning in Family Farm

Businesses. Purdue Initiative for Family Firms Newsletter. October. (Objective 3)

Wiatt, R. and M. Marshall. (2019). “Small Business Recovery Following a Natural Disaster?”.

Purdue Agricultural Economics Report, June 2019, 14-15. https://ag.purdue.edu/agecon/Documents/PAER%20June%202019_FINAL.pdf.

Wiatt, R. (2019). “Creating a Culture of Collaboration in Family Businesses”. Indiana

Nursery & Landscape News, January/February 2019, 13-14. Available at: https://issuu.com/inlanews/docs/inla_janfeb2019_issuu?e=1826740/66793183.

Purdue Institute for Family Business Quarterly Newsletter Articles

1. Sustainability: Some tips on protecting your business from a natural disasterby Holly Schrank, Anna Josephson, and Maria I. Marshall, 2018.
2. More people, more problems? Governance in family business by Maria I. Marshall, 2018.
3. All family businesses need some type of governance by Maria I. Marshall, 2019
4. Power of attorney: Why do you need one? By Renee Wiatt, 2019.
5. Does insurance aid in small business recovery following a natural disaster? By Renee Wiatt and Maria I. Marshall, 2019.

Databases

Marshall, M. I. and Wiatt, R. (2019). Small Business Values Survey [data file and codebook].

Purdue Institute for Family Business, Purdue University. Unpublished data. 

Manuscripts Submitted/ In Review/Under Revision

Edobor, E.W. and M.I. Marshall. (submitted August 2019) Earth, Wind, Water, Fire, and Man: How Disasters Impact Firm Births in the United States. Natural Hazards.

Figueroa-Armijos, M. and C. Valdivia (in review) “Entrepreneurship as a Sustainable Livelihood Strategy: The Role of Acculturation for Latinos in Rural Communities in the U.S.” Change and Development.

Jorgensen, J. and Sorensen, K. (in review).  Negative e-WOM Resulting from Political Posts on Social Media: A Case Study of a Small Retailer’s Crisis.

Johnson Jorgensen, J., and Sorensen, K. (In Review).  Visual Communication Strategies of Urban and Rural Boutiques on Social Networking Sites.

Jorgensen, J., Masuo, D., Manikowske, L., and Lee, Y. (2019).  Owner and community involvement and business success in small family-owned businesses.  Competitive Research Paper submitted to United States Association of Small Business and Entrepreneurship (USASBE) Conference

Marshall, M.I. and H. Schrank. (submitted April 2019) Sink or Swim? Impacts of Owner’s Post-Katrina Management Strategies on Small Business Survival and Recovery. JSBM.

McDonald, T.M. and M.I. Marshall. (submitted Sept. 2019) The Effect of Adaptation and Mitigation for Small Businesses Impacted by Hurricane Katrina. IJDRR.

Niehm, L.S., Hurst, J.L., Fiore, A.M., Son, J., and Sadachar, A. (in review).Where the rubber meets the road:  Small business operators’ innovative marketing strategies and their relationship to business success. Journal of Small Business Strategy. Under review.

Norton, A., Kim, H-Y., and Zuiker, V. S. (submitted June 2019). Consumer embeddedness and motivations for farmers market patronage: A qualitative exploration in Minnesota, USA. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management

Son, J. and Niehm, L.S. (in review) Social media and entrepreneurial marketing (EM) in changing rural environments. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship.

Sorensen, K., & Johnson Jorgensen, J. (in review).  “Hey Alexa, Let’s Shop”: Millennials’ Acceptance of Voice-Activated Shopping.

Valdivia, C., A. Morales, O. Rojas Perez and Lisa Y. Flores. (revising) Subjective Well-Being among Latina/o Immigrants in New Settlement Communities. Submitted to Journal of Latina/o Psychology.

Valdivia, C., A. Payen, A., and L. Y. Flores. (in preparation/revising) Individual and contextual factors explaining Latino entrepreneurship in Rural Communities of the Midwest.

Wiatt, R.D., Lee,Y., Marshall, M.I., and Zuiker, V. The Effect of Cash Flow Problems and Resource Intermingling on Business Recovery and Resilience after a Natural Disaster. Will submit to Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management at the end of October.

Zimbroff, A., and Johnson Jorgensen, J. (in review).  An Assessment of Regional Entrepreneurship Ecosystems in Queensland, Australia Using a Mixed Methods Approach.

Refereed Presentations

Carpenter, C., Dudensing, R., Loveridge, S., Niehm, L.S., and McKinney, S. (2018).  Community Opportunity Matching: Mining Big Data for Decision Making in Business Development. Research presentation at the Annual International Conference of the Community Development Society (CDS), July 22-25, 2018, Detroit, MI.

Diddi, S., and LeHew, M. L. A. (2018, November). Establishing research action networks to address challenges in a changing marketplace. [Special Topic Session]. Proceedings of the International Textile and Apparel Association. Online publication pending.

Fiore, A.M., Hurst, J.L., Niehm, L.S., Chung, Doreen (Telin), Sadachar, A., Pookulangara, S., Armstrong, C., and Testa, D. (2018). Addressing opportunities and challenges for retail entrepreneurship in the US and India: Innovative learning modules for a synchronous online graduate course. Research presentation at the United States Association for Small Business and Entrepreneurship (USASBE) Annual Conference, January 10-14, Hollywood, CA.

Haynes, G.W., Lee, Y., Marshall, M., Niehm, L., and Musser, K. (2019). Community capital and small firm success after a natural disaster. Paper was presented at the 2019 American Council on Consumer Interests (ACCI) Annual Conference, Arlington, VA. (Objectives #1 & #2)

Haynes, G.W., Lee, Y., Marshall, M., Niehm, L.S., and Musser, K. (2019). Community Capital and Small Firm Success after a Natural Disaster. Paper presented at the 2019 American Council on Consumer Interests Annual Conference. Arlington, VA, May 21-23, 2019.

Jorgensen, J.J., Masuo, D., Manikowske, L., and Lee, Y. (2020). Owner and Community Involvement and Business Success in Small Family-Owned Businesses. USASBE 2020, New Orleans, Louisiana, January 3-7, 2020.

Kim, H-Y., Norton, A., and Zuiker, V. S. (2019). Consumer embeddedness and motivations for farmers market patronage: A qualitative study. American Collegiate Retailing Association, Tucson, AZ, April 4-6, 2019.

Niehm, L.S. and Thorsson, P. (2019) Is There a “Best” Amount of Planning? A Discussion and Research Review. (2019). Research presentation at the United States Association for Small Business and Entrepreneurship (USASBE) Annual Conference, Saint Petersburg, FL, January 24-27, 2019.

Niehm, L.S., McKinney, S., Bakhshian, S., Hurst, J., Chung, T., Fiore, A.M., and Tang, L. (2018)Challenges, opportunities, and business needs in the changing retail environment: Assisting underserved retail entrepreneurs through business networks. (2018). Research presentation at the 75th Annual International Textiles & Apparel Association (ITAA) Conference Cleveland, Ohio, November 7-10, 2018.     

Niehm, L.S., McKinney, S., Carpenter, C., Dudensing, R., and Loveridge, S. (2019). Using Big Data for Rural Decision Making and Economic Development: Opportunity Matching for Small Businesses and Communities. Research presentation at the United States Association for Small Business and Entrepreneurship (USASBE) Annual Conference, Saint Petersburg, FL, January 24-27, 2019.

Patwary, S. and LeHew, M. L. A. (2019, July). Dissemination of textile and apparel environmental information on facebook. Poster presented at Sustainability in Fashion: Regent’s University and ITAA Joint Conference, London, UK

Patwary, S. U., and LeHew, M. L. A. (2018, November). Consumers’ knowledge gain of environmental sustainability issues pertaining to textile and apparel industry through social networking site engagement. [Abstract]. Proceedings of the International Textile and Apparel Association. Online publication pending.

Rodriguez-Alcalá, M., S. Jeanetta and C. Valdivia. (2019). A Growing and Underreported Trend —A Growing Population — Hispanic Farmers in the Midwest.  C-FARE Fall Webinar Series. September 24. Washington, DC. (invited)

Saha, K. and LeHew, M. L. A. (2019, July). A shift from fossil fuel to renewable energy in the fashion industry: A potential sustainability solutions? Poster presented at the Sustainability in Fashion: Regent’s University and ITAA Joint Conference, London, UK

Tan, H. and Niehm, L.S. (2018).  Latino Bi-Cultural Entrepreneurs’ Business Integration in Iowa Communities. Research presentation for the 13^th Annual Cambio de Colores Conference, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, June 6-8, 2018.

Tan, H. and Niehm, L.S. Latino retail entrepreneurs' contributions to community and economic development in Iowa: A community leader perspective. (2018). Research presentation at the 75th Annual International Textiles & Apparel Association (ITAA) Conference Cleveland, Ohio, November 7-10, 2018.     

Valdivia, C., K. Yager, S. Rojas, A. Romero and K. Bedregal. (2019). Sayañas, Peatlands, and the Sajama National Park: Climate Change Adaptation in the Bolivian Andes. Session 1G. Governing Mountain Commons: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainability in Contexts of Change. In Defense of the Commons: Challenges, Innovation and Action. 17^th Global Conference of the International Association for the Study of the Commons. July 1-5, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Lima Peru.

Valdivia, C., S. Rojas, K. Yager, and B. Bekee. (2019). Landscapes, Livelihoods and Resilience in the Context of Climate Change in the Bolivian Altiplano. Presented in track Session: Strategies to adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change in Latin America. Annual Conference of the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association. July 23, Atlanta, GA.

Wiatt, R., M.I. Marshall and R. Musselman. “Management and Ownership Transfer: The Case of Mid-Western Family Businesses”. Selected Paper Presented at: 2019 Small Business Institute Conference, Spring 2019. Conference Proceedings, 43(1), 52-68. Available at: http://smallbusinessinstitute.biz/resources/Documents/Proceedings/2019%20SBI%20Conference%20FinalProceedings%202-11-2019%20v1%5B59759%5D.pdf.

Wiatt, R.D., and M.I. Marshall. “Culture of Collaboration and Profit in Family Businesses”. 2019. AAEA Meeting, Atlanta, GA. July 2019.

Outreach Presentations

1. Marshall: January 10, 2019: From Conflict to Resolution, Green Expo, Indianapolis, IN
2. Marshall: January 11, 2019: From Conflict to Resolution (Spanish), Green Expo, Indianapolis, IN
3. Wiatt: January 24, 2019: Power of Attorney and Building Your Team, Succession Planning Workshop, Hancock County, Greenfield, IN
4. Marshall and R. Wiatt: February 12, 2019: Succession Planning and Empowerment of the Next Generation, Horticultural Congress, Indianapolis, IN
5. Marshall: February 20, 2019: Starting Your Own Ag Related Business, Women in Ag Conference, Plymouth, IN
6. Wiatt: March 4, 2019: Power of Attorney and Building Your Team, Succession Planning Workshop, Benton County, Fowler, IN
7. Wiatt: March 13, 2019: Contingency Planning and Getting the Best Resolution Out of Conflict, Annie’s Project, Purdue Extension – Jasper County, Wolcott, Indiana
8. Wiatt and M. Marshall: May 15, 2019: Using the Thomas Kilmann Method to Reach a Resolution in Conflict, Succession Planning Team Annual Retreat, West Lafayette IN
9. Wiatt: August 6, 2019: Succession Planning for Farm and Family Businesses, Copacol Cooperative Group from South Brazil, Exelencia Copacol Series, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN

Abstracts of Journal Articles from collaborative work with NC1030 members.

The impact of business ownership motives and goals on success in immigrant-owned family businesses.

Abstract. While the long-term economic and cultural contributions made by immigrants throughout the American history have been well documented, few empirical studies have provided information on how more recent immigrant family business owners are successful in the United States. Two large groups of immigrant small-business owners are Mexican and Korean immigrants. Mexican and Korean immigrant business owners in the U.S. might have different business ownership motives and goals that influence their business success. Employing data from the 2003–2005 National Minority Business Owners Surveys (NMBOS), this study explored the effect of business ownership motives and family goals on business success and family life satisfaction among immigrant Mexican and Korean business owners. The findings of this study indicate that Mexican immigrant family business owners reported higher levels of family life satisfaction as compared to Korean family business owners, while most of the business ownership motives are quite similar. Implications of research findings for immigrant family business researchers, practitioners, and policy makers are discussed along with future research agenda.