Annual/Termination Reports:

[01/01/2009] [03/01/2010] [03/01/2011] [03/01/2012]

Report Information

Participants

Henninger, Mel (henninger@aesop.rutgers.edu)  Rutgers
Porter, Greg (porter@maine.edu)  University of Maine
Wanner, Leslie (Leslie.Wanner@ARS.USDA.GOV)  USDA-ARS, Belstville
Yencho, Craig (Craig_Yencho@ncsu.edu)  North Carolina State
Veilleux, Richard (potato@vt.edu)  Virgina Tech
Kleinhenz, Matt (kleinhenz.1@osu.edu)  Ohio State
McLaughlin, Janet (janet.mclaughlin@gnb.ca)  New Brunswick Dept of Agriculture & Aquaculture
Qu, Xinshun (xsq1@psu.edu)  Penn State
Halseth, Don (deh3@cornell.edu)  Cornell
De Jong, Walter (wsd2@cornell.edu)  Cornell
Clough, Mark (meclough@ncsu.edu)  North Carolina State
Hopkins, Chris  Black Gold Farms
Fleetwood, Tommy  North Carolina Dept. of Agriculture
Stafford, Kirby (Kirby.Stafford@ct.gov)  Connecticut Ag Expt Station

Brief Summary of Minutes

Accomplishments

Brief summary of minutes of annual meeting:<br /> <br /> Greg Porter reported that Potato Special Grant for Northeast received highly positive reviews, and was funded again, but budget was nevertheless reduced by 25%, to about $200,000.<br /> <br /> Walter De Jong reported that the USDA-funded SolCAP project has begun work to develop large numbers of SNP markers in elite potato germplasm, to facilitate breeding efforts nationwide.<br /> <br /> Chris Hopkins noted that NE1031 efforts to develop new cultivars are much appreciated by regional potato industry.<br /> <br /> Results of screening NE1031 germplasm for resistance to diseases were presented (in Maine  bacterial ring rot and pink rot, in Pennsylvania  late blight, early blight, powdery scab)<br /> <br /> Extensive discussion about agronomic performance of potato clones evaluated across the Northeast ensued, with feedback guiding MY, ME, MD and NC breeder decisions about which clones to keep evaluating, and which clones to drop.<br /> <br /> Mark Clough outlined how yield trial data for the NE1031 project website (http://potatoes.ncsu.edu/NE.html) should be formatted prior to submission.<br /> <br /> Accomplishments:<br /> <br /> This project seeks, through activities coordinated across many Northeastern States, to develop potato varieties with improved agronomic, disease-resistance, and nutritional characteristics. It is anticipated that improved potato cultivars will help maintain the viability of rural economies, reduce dependence on pesticides, and contribute substantially toward maintaining a secure, safe and nutritious food supply.<br /> <br /> Project milestones for 2008, and progress related to each of these, follow:<br /> <br /> 1. Incorporate disease and insect resistances, abiotic stress resistances, improved processing characteristics, and enhanced nutritional quality, from diverse diploid and tetraploid potato species into high quality, adapted germplasm (S. tuberosum) (on-going activity).<br /> <br /> Potato breeding for improved quality and pest resistance continued in four eastern states during 2008 (ME, NY, NC, and USDA-ARS Beltsville, MD). These four programs focus on specific pest and marketing issues, so that regional resources are used efficiently. NY, for example, places an emphasis on golden nematode resistance, while resistance to late blight is the most important disease-resistance target in Maine. Each eastern program uses diverse potato germplasm sources as parents in their crossing programs.<br /> <br /> 2. Quantitative, molecular genetic and biochemical studies to improve processing quality and resistance to internal heat necrosis commenced (on-going activity)<br /> <br /> QTL mapping in a tetraploid population of 160 individuals from a cross between an important chip processing cultivar, Atlantic, and B1829-5, an advanced breeding selection from the USDA-ARS potato breeding program in Beltsville has now started. The cross is being genotyped with SSR and AFLP markers.<br /> <br /> 3. Interactive and searchable potato variety trial database designed to provide easy and rapid access to the results of the trials coordinated through the Eastern potato variety development project established (on-going activity)<br /> <br /> A searchable, web-accessible database of Eastern Regional Potato Variety trials is now on-line (http://potatoes.ncsu.edu/NE.html).<br /> <br /> 4. Diploid PHU-STN late blight resistant population developed by USDA and Penn State U and early blight mapping research commenced.<br /> <br /> Resistance in the late blight population improved by 1/6 (as measured by area under the disease progress curve) between the first and second generations, and by ½ from the second to third generations. Molecular markers associated with early blight resistance in the first year unexpectedly failed to predict resistance in year 2.<br />

Publications

Brown CR, Durst RW, Wrolstad R, De Jong W (2008) Variability of Phytonutrient Content of Potato In Relation to Growing Location and Cooking Method. Potato Research 51: 259-270<br /> <br /> Christ, B. J. and S. R. May. 2008. Severity of late blight on potato cultivars and breeding lines, 2007. Plant Disease Management Reports 2:V110.<br /> <br /> Christ, B. J. and S. R. May. 2008. Severity of early blight on potato cultivars and breeding lines, 2007. Plant Disease Management Reports 2:V109.<br /> <br /> Christ, B. J., X. S. Qu and S. R. May. 2008. Incidence of powdery scab on potato cultivars and breeding lines, 2007. Plant Disease Management Reports 2:V111.<br /> <br /> Christ, B. J., X. S. Qu and S. R. May. 2008. Fungicidal control of powdery scab on potato, 2007. Plant Disease Management Reports 2:V108.<br /> <br /> Halseth, D.E., Sandsted, E.R., Hymes, W.L., MacLaury, R.L., Kelly, J.M., and Hoy, D.A. 2008. 2008 Upstate New York potato variety trials and cultural practice experiments. Cornell University, Department of Horticulture Report No. 53, 71 pages.<br /> <br /> Halseth, D.E., Sandsted, E.R., Hymes, W.L., MacLaury, R.L., Kelly, J.M., and Hoy, D.A. 2008. 2007 Upstate New York potato variety trials and cultural practice experiments. Cornell University, Department of Horticulture Report No. 48, 58 pages. <br /> <br /> Halseth, D. E. 2008. 2007 USPB/SFA Chip Variety Trials. United States Potato Board, Denver, Colorado and Snack Food Association, Arlington, Virginia  March 7, 2008, 57 pages.<br /> <br /> Haynes, K.G. 2008. Heritability of chip color and specific gravity in a long-day adapted Solanum phureja x S. stenotomum population. Amer. J. Potato Res. 85:361-366.<br /> <br /> Haynes, K.G., B.J. Christ, and B.T. Vinyard. 2008. Determining the importance of combining ability for late blight resistance in early generations of potato breeding when susceptible clones are discarded. Amer. J. Potato Res. 85:445-454.<br /> <br /> May, S. R., B. J. Christ and M. W. Peck. 2008. Fungicidal control of late blight on potato, 2007. Plant Disease Management Reports 2:V105.<br /> <br /> May, S. R., B. J. Christ and M. W. Peck. 2008. Fungicidal control of early blight on potato, 2007. Plant Disease Management Reports 2:V104.<br /> <br /> May, S. R., B. J. Christ and M. W. Peck. 2008. Fungicidal control of common scab on potato, 2007. Plant Disease Management Reports 2:V103.<br /> <br /> Porter, G.A. et al. 2008. Eastern regional potato trials - 2006: Summary of NE1014 Regional Project Field Testing of New Potato Clones. Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station Miscellaneous Publication 758.<br /> <br /> Porter, G.A. et al. 2008. Eastern regional potato trials - 2007: Summary of NE1014 Regional Project Field Testing of New Potato Clones. Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station Miscellaneous Publication 760.<br /> <br /> Porter, G.A., P. Ocaya, B. MacFarline, and B. Plummer. 2008. Potato variety trial results in Maine, 2008 growing season. PSE Departmental Mimeo 2008-01, 40 pp. <br /> <br /> Porter, G.A., G. Grounds, and T. Mills. 2008. Maine potato breeding program annual report, 2008 growing season. PSE Departmental Mimeo, 24 pp.<br /> <br /> Qu, X. S., L. A. Wanner and B. J. Christ. 2008. Using the TxtAB operon to quantify pathogenic Streptomyces in potato tubers and soil. Phytopathology 98:405-412.<br /> <br /> Turcotte P, Fournier N, et Harvey D (2009) Essais régionaux de pomme de terre du Québec, Rapport annuel 2008, Centre de recherche Les Buissons inc., janvier 2009. In Comité pomme de terre, Atelier Cultivar, C.R.A.A.Q., Pomme de terre, Résultats des essais régionaux 2008, 50 pp.<br /> <br /> Yencho, G.C., P.H. McCord, K.G. Haynes, and S.B. Sterrett. 2008. Internal heat necrosis of potato: A review. Amer. J. Potato Res. 85:69-76. <br /> <br /> Zitter, T.A., Drennan, J.L., Halseth, D.E., and Sandsted, E.R. 2008. Combination of seed piece and foliar fungicides to improve tuber appearance and early blight control in potato, 2007. Plant Disease Management Report (online). Report 2:ST011. DOI:10. 1094/PDMR02. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.<br />

Impact Statements

1. New potato varieties with improved disease and insect resistance, resistance to IHN, improved processing or fresh market characteristics, and enhanced nutritional quality will be released, providing growers with better marketing opportunities and/or improved resistance to pests.

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Report Information

Participants

Henninger, Mel (henninger@aesop.rutgers.edu)  Rutgers
Porter, Greg (porter@maine.edu)  University of Maine
Veilleux, Richard (potato@vt.edu)  Virgina Tech
Kleinhenz, Matt (kleinhenz.1@osu.edu)  Ohio State
Matthew, Sudeep (samathew@umd.edu)  University of Maryland
Qu, Xinshun (xsq1@psu.edu)  Penn State
Peck, Mike (mxp30@psu.edu)  Penn State
Halseth, Don (deh3@cornell.edu)  Cornell
De Jong, Walter (wsd2@cornell.edu)  Cornell
Clough, Mark (meclough@ncsu.edu)  North Carolina State
Freeman, Josh (joshfree@vt.edu)  Virgina Tech
Palta, Jiwan (jppalta@wisc.edu)  University of Wisconsin-Madison
Stafford, Kirby (Kirby.Stafford@ct.gov)  Connecticut Ag Expt Station

Brief Summary of Minutes

Accomplishments

Brief summary of minutes of annual meeting:<br /> <br /> Walter De Jong reported that the red-skinned clone tested for the past few years in NE1031 as NY129 has now been named and released as Red Maria.<br /> <br /> Richard Veilleux reported that the doubled monoploid DM13516-R44, developed many years ago at Virginia Tech, is now the template for the international potato genome sequencing project.<br /> <br /> Jiwan Palta summarized his efforts to breed for increased calcium levels in potato tubers.<br /> <br /> Mark Clough walked the group through several improvements to the online variety trial database, including a two-variety comparison tool (potatoes.NCSU.edu/nemultisrch.php).<br /> <br /> Sudeep Matthew, a new extension agent in Dorchester County, Maryland, introduced himself. Dorchester is the #1 potato county in MD, about 2000 acres, 75% chipping.<br /> <br /> Extensive discussion about agronomic performance of potato clones evaluated across the Northeast ensued, with the feedback guiding breeder decisions about which clones to keep evaluating, and which clones to drop.<br /> <br /> Accomplishments:<br /> <br /> This project seeks, through activities coordinated across many Northeastern States, to develop potato varieties with improved agronomic, disease-resistance, and nutritional characteristics. It is anticipated that improved potato cultivars will help maintain the viability of rural economies, reduce dependence on pesticides, and contribute substantially toward maintaining a secure, safe and nutritious food supply.<br /> <br /> Project milestones for 2009, and progress related to each of these, follow:<br /> <br /> 1. Molecular genetic map of potato internal heat necrosis mapping population developed.<br /> <br /> A genetic map consisting of 674 molecular markers has been constructed in NC for a cross between the tetraploid clones Atlantic and B1829-5. This will provide the framework for determining map locations of genes that influence susceptibility to internal heat necrosis.<br /> <br /> 2. Crosses and backcrosses made between tetraploid TBR and diploid PHU-STN lines with solid or patterned red or purple skin to increase color variation in regionally adapted clones and selections made (on-going activity)<br /> <br /> For the past few years many crosses have been made in NY and MD between unadapted diploids with novel color patterns and well-adapted tetraploids with ordinary red or purple tuber skin. Over the next few years the best performing progeny with novel color patterns will be selected, and depending on how adapted they are, these will either distributed for regional evaluation or used for further crossing with well-adapted tetraploids<br /> <br /> Short-term Outcomes:<br /> <br /> As of 2009, potato varieties that are produced by this project continue to be evaluated and adopted by the potato industry. Sixteen of the varieties (18%) listed in the Maine certified potato directory were released by the Eastern U.S. potato breeding programs over the past 10-15 years (e.g. Andover, Eva, Harley Blackwell, Keuka Gold, Marcy, Monticello, Pike, and Reba). The total of recent releases, eastern varieties released over a longer time period, and varieties introduced to the region via our trial network is 40 varieties (currently 45% of the total and 40% of total seed acreage). This excellent rate of adoption will certainly grow over time as the industry builds seed supplies, becomes more familiar with the new varieties, and as new experimental varieties are released and move into commercial production. There is particularly strong grower interest in improved new chipping varieties to meet quality requirements of eastern processing plants. Harley Blackwell adoption is occurring in NC and other eastern states where internal defects reduce the quality of the current standard chipping variety, Atlantic. The percent of NC acreage planted to Harley Blackwell has increased steadily from 4% in 2006 to 12.5% in 2009. Marcy, a chipping variety released in 2006, has 20% higher yields than older varieties and was produced on more than 3000 acres of chipping potatoes in 2009.

Publications

Christ, B. J. and S. R. May. 2009. Severity of foliar late blight on potato cultivars and breeding lines, 2008. Plant Disease Management Reports 3:V063.<br /> <br /> Christ, B. J. and S. R. May. 2009. Severity of early blight on potato cultivars and breeding lines, 2008. Plant Disease Management Reports 3:V064.<br /> <br /> Christ, B. J., X. S. Qu and S. R. May. 2009. Incidence of powdery scab on tubers of potato cultivars and breeding lines, 2008. Plant Disease Management Reports 3:V065.<br /> <br /> May, S. R., B. J. Christ and M. W. Peck. 2009. Fungicidal control of late blight on potato, 2008. Plant Disease Management Reports 3:V062.<br /> <br /> Ginzberg I, Barel G, Ophir R, Tzin E, Tanami Z, Muddarangappa T, De Jong W, and Fogelman E (2009) Transcriptomic profiling of heat-stress response in potato periderm. Journal of Experimental Botany 60: 4411-4421<br /> <br /> Halseth, D. E. 2009. 2008 USPB/SFA Chip Variety Trials. United States Potato Board, Denver, Colorado and Snack Food Association, Arlington, Virginia, pdf file  102 pages.<br /> <br /> Haynes, K.G., B.J. Christ, C.R. Burkhart, and B.T. Vinyard. 2009. Heritability of resistance to common scab in diploid potatoes. Amer. J. Potato Res. 86:165-170.<br /> <br /> Jung CS, Griffiths H, De Jong D, Cheng S, Bodis M, Kim T-S, De Jong W (2009) The potato developer (D) locus encodes an R2R3 MYB transcription factor that regulates expression of multiple anthocyanin structural genes in tuber skin. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 120:45-57<br /> <br /> Mayton H, Griffiths H, Simko I, Cheng S, Lorenzen J, De Jong W, Fry WE (2009)<br /> Foliar and tuber late blight resistance in a Solanum tuberosum breeding population. Plant Breeding doi:10.1111/j.1439-0523.2009.01671.x<br /> <br /> Olanya, M.O., D.H. Lambert, A.F. Reeves, and G.A. Porter. 2009. Evaluation of potato clones for resistance to stem canker and tuber black scurf in field studies following artificial inoculation with Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 in Maine. Arch. Phytopathology and Plant Protection 42:409-418.<br /> <br /> Pierre Turcotte, Nicole Fournier et Daniel Harvey, 2010. Essais régionaux de pomme de terre du Québec, Rapport annuel 2009, Centre de recherche Les Buissons inc., février 2010. In Comité pomme de terre, Atelier Cultivar, C.R.A.A.Q., Pomme de terre, Résultats des essais régionaux 2009, 54 pp. <br /> <br /> Porter, G.A., P.C. Ocaya, and Garland Grounds. 2009. Potato breeding and variety development update. Proceedings of the University of Maine Cooperative Extension Potato Conference, Caribou, ME. January 22, 2009 (abst). <br /> <br /> Porter, G.A., P. Ocaya, B. MacFarline, and B. Plummer. 2009. Potato variety trial results in Maine, 2009 growing season. PSE Departmental Mimeo 2009-01, 40 pp. <br /> <br /> Porter, G.A., G. Grounds, and T. Mills. 2009. Maine potato breeding program annual report, 2009 growing season. PSE Departmental Mimeo, 24 pp.<br /> <br /> Santa-Cruz, J.H., K.G. Haynes, and B.J. Christ. 2009. Effects of one cycle of recurrent selection for early blight resistance in a diploid hybrid Solanum phureja  S. stenotomum population. Amer. J. Potato Res. 86:490-498.<br /> <br /> Wanner, L.A. and K.G. Haynes. 2009. Aggressiveness of Streptomyces on four potato cultivars and implications for common scab resistance breeding. Amer. J. Potato Res. 86:335-346.<br /> <br /> Wickramasinghe, W.M.D.K., X. Qu, S. Costanzo, K.G. Haynes, and B.J. Christ. 2009. Development of PCR-based markers linked to quantitative resistance to late blight in a diploid hybrid potato population of Solanum phureja x S. stemotomum. Amer. J. Potato Res. 86:188-195<br /> <br /> Zhang Y, Cheng S, De Jong D, Griffiths H, Halitschke R, De Jong W (2009) The potato R locus codes for dihydroflavonol 4-reductase. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 119: 931-937<br /> <br /> Zhang Y, Jung CS, and De Jong WS (2009) Genetic analysis of pigmented tuber flesh in potato. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 119:143-150<br /> <br /> Zitter, T.A., Drennan, J.L., Halseth, D.E., and Sandsted, E.R. 2009. Exploring the use of Vydate treatments and foliar fungicides to improve tuber yield and appearance in potato, 2008. Plant Disease Management Report (online). Report 3:V037. DOI:10.1094/PDMR03. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.<br />

Impact Statements

1. Cultivars released this year: Red Maria, a high yielding, red-skinned cultivar resistant to the golden cyst nematode and common scab

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Report Information

Participants

Henninger, Mel (henninger@aesop.rutgers.edu)  Rutgers
Porter, Greg (porter@maine.edu)  University of Maine
Haynes, Kathy (Kathleen.Haynes@ars.usda.gov)  USDA-ARS, Beltsville
Kleinhenz, Matt (kleinhenz.1@osu.edu)  Ohio State
Matthew, Sudeep (samathew@umd.edu)  University of Maryland
Qu, Xinshun (xsq1@psu.edu)  Penn State
Peck, Mike (mxp30@psu.edu)  Penn State
Halseth, Don (deh3@cornell.edu)  Cornell
De Jong, Walter (wsd2@cornell.edu)  Cornell
Zotarelli, Lincoln (lzota@ufl.edu)  University of Florida
Gergela, Doug (dgergela@ufl.edu)  University of Florida
Clough, Mark (meclough@ncsu.edu)  North Carolina State
Stafford, Kirby (Kirby.Stafford@ct.gov)  Connecticut Ag Expt Station

Brief Summary of Minutes

Accomplishments

Brief summary of minutes of annual meeting:<br /> <br /> Greg Porter reported that our most recent Potato Special Grant for the Northeast was funded, for about $260,000. Once again leveraging our Multistate Hatch funding.<br /> <br /> Porter also noted that McCain Foods continues to actively participate in testing of advanced French fry clones from Maine breeding program.<br /> <br /> Dave Lambert (U Maine) is currently screening for pink rot resistance, as well as symptom expression upon infection with bacterial ring rot, and encourages breeders in Northeast to submit clones for evaluation.<br /> <br /> Xinshun Qu presented overview of this years testing in PA for resistance to late blight, early blight, powdery scab, and common scab.<br /> <br /> Kathy Haynes described ongoing work to develop potatoes with increased carotenoid levels.<br /> <br /> Walter De Jong reported that the SolCAP project has now developed a publicly-available chip to simultaneously interrogate 8303 SNP markers, which should markedly simplify future trait mapping and marker-assisted breeding in potato.<br /> <br /> NY has released two new chipping potato cultivars  Waneta (tested in NE1031 as NY138) and Lamoka (tested in NE1031 as NY139).<br /> <br /> Extensive discussion about agronomic performance of potato clones evaluated across the Northeast ensued, with feedback guiding breeder decisions about which clones to keep evaluating, and which clones to drop.<br /> <br /> To increase visibility of the NE1031 project, and encourage more regional growers to participate in the meeting, the next NE1031 meeting will be held at the same time/venue as the national Potato Expo (January 2012 in Florida).<br /> <br /> Accomplishments:<br /> <br /> This project seeks, through activities coordinated across many Northeastern States, to develop potato varieties with improved agronomic, disease-resistance, and nutritional characteristics. It is anticipated that improved potato cultivars will help maintain the viability of rural economies, reduce dependence on pesticides, and contribute substantially toward maintaining a secure, safe and nutritious food supply.<br /> <br /> Two new chipping cultivars (Waneta and Lamoka) just released by the NY program exemplify how this works in practice. Extensive testing throughout the Northeast revealed that these two clones are widely adapted  a crucially important trait that can only be assessed through regional testing. Both were found to have chip color comparable to or better than the current industry standard, Snowden. Testing throughout the Northeast also revealed that both clones have moderate to good resistance to common scab (better than Snowden, which is susceptible). Both are also resistant to golden nematode (Snowden again susceptible). Industry interest in Waneta and Lamoka is high, and seed acreage (about 40 acres for both in 2010) is not yet high enough to meet demand.<br /> <br /> Project milestones for 2010, and progress related to each of these, follow:<br /> <br /> 1. QTLs associated with resistance to internal heat necrosis, yield, specific gravity, earliness and chipping ability as feasible in IHN mapping population.<br /> A paper reporting on QTL mapping of loci that influence susceptibility to internal heat necrosis has now been published (McCord et al 2010). IHN is a serious problem for southern growers  and this publication is the first to analyze the molecular genetics of this trait in depth. <br /> 2. Late blight resistance of 4x-2x breeding populations identified and transferred into adapted S. tuberosum germplasm, and stable late blight resistant germplasm identified.<br /> Crosses to transfer the resistance have been made; initial phenotypic evaluations will take place in 2012.<br /> 3. Crosses among S. raphanifolium lines that chip directly from long-term cold storage and S. tuberosum made and evaluated for adaptation in NY and ME.<br /> For the past several years NY has been selecting progeny from crosses that have S. raphanifolium in their background. No progeny are yet well-adapted to the region, thus further backcrossing is ongoing.<br /> 4. Research to develop molecular markers to expedite the development of scab resistant and/or early maturing, early blight resistant germplasm and varieties commenced.<br /> The solCAP project, on which De Jong is a co-PI, has developed an 8303-marker SNP chip to simplify mapping all traits in potato. The SNP chip is currently being used to map many traits in NY germplasm, including resistance to common scab, resistance to race Ro2 of the golden cyst nematode, maturity, and processing traits (chip color, specific gravity).<br /> 5. Improved nematode and insect resistant germplasm identified and crosses with advanced S. tuberosum breeding lines to develop varieties with resistance to GN and/or improved resistance to CPB and PLH made (ongoing activity).<br /> Almost all crosses made in NY involve at least one GN-resistant parent. Indeed, the two chipping varieties released by NY this year are both resistant to GN. Crosses with S. berthaultii trichome-mediated resistance to insects continue at Cornell; to date these have provided good resistance to potato leafhoppers.<br /> <br /> Short-term Outcomes:<br /> <br /> Potatoes can cost more than $2500 per acre to produce and devastating diseases such as pink rot and/or late blight can totally destroy the crop. Resistant varieties greatly decrease the risk of such losses and, in the case of late blight resistance, can reduce production costs by reducing the number of chemical sprays applied to protect the crop from the pest.<br /> <br /> The eastern potato breeding and selection effort produces new varieties and evaluates their potential to serve fresh, processing, and specialty markets in the East. Adoption and seed multiplication take considerable time in the potato industry, so impacts occur over a long time period. Recent eastern releases since 2002 (e.g. Marcy, Monticello, Harley Blackwell, Red Maria, Lehigh, and Peter Wilcox) were grown on 452 seed acres during 2010 with a seed value of $1,200,000. The resulting seed crop has the potential to plant 4500 acres in 2011 with a ware value conservatively estimated at $9M. Over a longer time frame, 26 of the 100 varieties listed in the ME certified potato directory were released by the Eastern programs since 1990. These releases represent 1754 seed acres with a seed value of $4.6M. This seed crop has the potential to plant 18,000 acres in 2011 with a conservatively projected value of $35,000,000<br /> <br /> Rural communities benefit from the release of new varieties because these varieties can improve yields, marketing opportunities, and pest resistance relative to standard varieties. Local, direct marketing outlets rely on high quality, specialty varieties such as Peter Wilcox and Lehigh, which are recent releases of this project. Growers cannot access larger-scale processing and fresh markets unless they are able to meet the stringent quality control requirements of these markets. Traditional varieties are increasingly deficient in these quality attributes and this puts eastern growers at a disadvantage unless new, well adapted varieties are developed and made available. The NE1031 project strives to develop new potato varieties which meet the needs of these growers. Pest resistant varieties allow potatoes to be grown where there otherwise could not be grown (e.g. golden nematode resistance is required for production in portions of NY) and/or provide growers with the opportunity to reduce pesticide applications (e.g. late blight resistance). Late blight resistance can improve grower profits, reduce the risk of catastrophic crop losses, and reduce the pesticide load on the agricultural system. All three can be beneficial to rural communities.

Publications

Clough M, Yencho G, Christ W, De Jong W, Halseth D, Haynes K, Henninger M, Hutchinson C, Kleinhenz M, Porter G, Veilleux R (2010) An interactive online database for potato varieties evaluated. HortTechnology 20:245-249<br /> <br /> Griffiths HM, Zitter TA, Loeffler K, De Jong WS, Menasha S (2010) First report in North America of atypical symptoms caused by Colletotrichum coccodes on field-grown potato tubers during storage. Plant Health Progress doi:10.1094/PHP-2010-0708-02-BR<br /> <br /> De Koeyer D, Douglass K, Murphy A, Whitney S, Nolan L, Song Y, De Jong W (2010) Application of high-resolution DNA melting for genotyping and variant scanning of diploid and autotetraploid potato. Molecular Breeding 25: 67-90<br /> <br /> Halseth, D.E., Sandsted, E.R., Hymes, W.L., MacLaury, R.L., Kelly, J.M., Rich, B., and Hoy, D. 2010. 2009 Upstate New York potato variety trials and cultural practice experiments. Cornell University, Department of Horticulture Report No. 60, 62 pages.<br /> <br /> Halseth, D. E. 2010. USPB-SFA 2009 Yield Data and Early Chipping Report. United States Potato Board, Denver, Colorado and Snack Food Association, Arlington, Virginia, pdf file - 86 pages.<br /> <br /> Haynes, K.G., B.A. Clevidence, D. Rao, B.T. Vinyard, and J.M. White. 2010. Genotype x environment interactions for potato tuber carotenoid content. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 135:250-258.<br /> <br /> Haynes, K.G., L.A. Wanner, C.A. Thill, J.M. Bradeen, J. Miller, R.G. Novy, J.L. Whitworth, D.L. Corsini and B.T. Vinyard. 2010. Common scab trials of potato varieties and advanced selections at three U.S. locations. Amer. J. Potato Res. 87:261-276.<br /> <br /> Haynes, K.G., C.M. Hutchinson, R.L. Hassell, G.C. Yencho, M.E. Clough, M.R. Henninger, D.E. Halseth, E.R. Sandsted, G.A. Porter, and P.C. Ocaya. 2010. Agreement between selectors at seven eastern U.S. locations in the second field generation. Am J Potato Research 87:126-127 (Abst.) <br /> <br /> McCord, P.H., B.R. Sosinski, K.G. Haynes, M.E. Clough, and G.C. Yencho. 2011. QTL mapping of internal heat necrosis in tetraploid potato. Theor. Appl. Genet. 122:129142. <br /> <br /> Olanya, O.M., G.A. Porter, and D.H. Lambert. 2010. Supplemental irrigation and cultivar<br /> effects on potato tubers diseases. Australian Journal of Crop Science 4(1): 29-36.<br /> <br /> Porter, G.A. 2010. New russet potato varieties being developed in the Maine potato breeding program. Proceedings of the University of Maine Cooperative Extension Potato Conference, Caribou, ME. January 21, 2010 (abst). <br /> <br /> Porter, G.A., P. Ocaya, B. MacFarline, and B. Plummer. 2010. Potato variety trial results in Maine  2010 growing season. PSE Departmental Mimeo 2010-01, 42 pp.<br /> <br /> Porter, G.A., G. Grounds, and T. Mills. 2010. Maine potato breeding program annual report, 2010 growing season. PSE Departmental Mimeo, 24 pp.<br /> <br /> Porter, G. and P. Ocaya. 2010. U.S. Potato Board/Snack Food Association National Chipping Potato Variety Trial, Maine 2009. Maine Potato News, February 2010.<br /> <br /> Porter, G. and P. Ocaya. 2010. Potato Breeding Program Top Five Advanced Clones for 2010. Maine Potato News, February 2010. <br /> <br /> Qu, X.S. and B. J. Christ. 2010. Incidence of powdery scab on potato cultivars and breeding lines, 2009. Plant Disease Management Reports 4:V073.<br /> <br /> Qu, X. S., M. W. Peck and B. J. Christ. 2010. Fungicidal control of late blight on potato, 2009. Plant Disease Management Reports 4:V076.<br /> <br /> Qu, X. S., M. W. Peck and B. J. Christ. 2010. Fungicidal control of early blight on potato, 2009. Plant Disease Management Reports 4:V077.<br /> <br /> Qu, X.S. and B. J. Christ. 2010. Severity of late blight on potato cultivars and breeding lines, 2009. Plant Disease Management Reports 4:V074.<br /> <br /> Qu, X.S. and B. J. Christ. 2010. Severity of early blight on potato cultivars and breeding lines, 2009. Plant Disease Management Reports 4:V075.<br /> <br /> Turcotte P, Fournier N et Harvey D (2011). Essais régionaux de pomme de terre du Québec, Rapport annuel 2010, Centre de recherche Les Buissons inc., février 2011. In Comité pomme de terre, Atelier Cultivar, C.R.A.A.Q., Pomme de terre, Résultats des essais régionaux 2010, 52 pp.

Impact Statements

1. Cultivars released this year: two chipping cultivars, Waneta and Lamoka

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Report Information

Participants

Henninger, Mel (henninger@aesop.rutgers.edu)  Rutgers;
Porter, Greg (porter@maine.edu)  University of Maine;
Haynes, Kathy (Kathleen.Haynes@ars.usda.gov)  USDA-ARS, Beltsville;
Kleinhenz, Matt (kleinhenz.1@osu.edu)  Ohio State;
Matthew, Sudeep (samathew@umd.edu)  University of Maryland;
Qu, Xinshun (xsq1@psu.edu)  Penn State;
Peck, Mike (mxp30@psu.edu)  Penn State;
Halseth, Don (deh3@cornell.edu)  Cornell;
De Jong, Walter (wsd2@cornell.edu)  Cornell;
Zotarelli, Lincoln (lzota@ufl.edu)  University of Florida;
Gergela, Doug (dgergela@ufl.edu)  University of Florida;
Clough, Mark (meclough@ncsu.edu)  North Carolina State;
Veilleux, Richard (potato@vt.edu)  Virgina Tech;
Stafford, Kirby (Kirby.Stafford@ct.gov)  Connecticut Ag Expt Station;

Brief Summary of Minutes

Accomplishments

This project seeks, through activities coordinated across many Northeastern States, to develop potato varieties with improved agronomic, disease-resistance, and nutritional characteristics. It is anticipated that improved potato cultivars will help maintain the viability of rural economies, reduce dependence on pesticides, and contribute substantially toward maintaining a secure, safe and nutritious food supply.<br /> <br /> Two new chipping cultivars (Waneta and Lamoka) were released by the NY program in February 2011. Both have been extensively tested by the NE1031 network, and both were found to have chip color comparable to or better than the current industry standard, Snowden, as well as moderate to good resistance to common scab (Snowden is susceptible). Both are also resistant to golden nematode race Ro1 (Snowden is susceptible). Industry interest in Waneta and Lamoka is remarkably high, and seed acreage (about 85 acres for each in 2011) is not yet high enough to meet demand.<br /> <br /> Project milestones for 2011, and progress related to each of these, follow:<br /> <br /> 1. Inheritance of high carotenoid content in 4x-2x hybrids determined and crossing initiated to introgress traits of interest.<br /> Diploid clones with high, moderate, and low carotenoid levels that produced 2n pollen were crossed with light yellow-fleshed tetraploid advanced breeding selection to determine the inheritance of carotenoid content. There were no significant differences among families for carotenoid content, rather a continuous distribution of carotenoid concentration with high- and low-carotenoid segregants was observed in all families. Based on flesh color segregation, the yellow-fleshed diploid parents were heterozygous for the Chy2 allele governing yellow-flesh and produced 2n gametes by a second division restitution mechanism. It appears that selection for high-carotenoid tetraploid germplasm can be made from within any family with at least one yellow-fleshed parent. Selections will have to be made on an individual clonal basis rather than on a family basis.<br /> <br /> 2. Family means and variances for diploid families resulting from doubled monoploid x diploid and dihaploid x diploid hybrids, and open-pollinated diploids compared and breeding initiated to introgress traits of importance.<br /> Seventy clones from doubled monoploid x diploid, dihaploid x diploid, and open-pollinated diploids were planted in the field in Presque Isle, ME in 2011. Variables associated with female fertility were evaluated for 20 inflorescences/clone in 2011: number of buds&flowers per inflorescence, number of fruit per inflorescence, and number of seed per fruit. There were significant differences among families for all three measures of female fertility. In general, the doubled monoploid x diploid and dihaploid x diploid crosses produced more buds&flowers, more fruit, and more seeds than did the open-pollinated diploid family. Passage through the monoploid-sieve appears to eliminate deleterious genes associated with female fertility.<br /> <br /> 3. Pink rot resistant germplasm developed and molecular mapping efforts commenced.<br /> Pink rot cannot readily be controlled by fungicides, so there is a pressing need for cultivars with resistance. The cultivar Pike (previously developed by NE1031 participants) is highly resistant to pink rot, while the newly released cultivar Waneta is moderately resistant. A population of 213 progeny from a cross between Waneta and Pike is expected to segregate for resistance to pink rot and was genotyped with 8303 SNP markers in 2011. The population will be assessed for resistance to pink rot in 2012 or 2013, as sufficient tubers become available for inoculation, to so that pink rot resistance gene(s) can be mapped<br /> <br /> Short-term Outcomes:<br /> <br /> Potatoes can cost more than $2500 per acre to produce and devastating diseases such as pink rot and/or late blight can totally destroy the crop. Resistant varieties greatly decrease the risk of such losses and, in the case of late blight resistance, can reduce production costs by reducing the number of chemical sprays applied to protect the crop from the pest.<br /> <br /> The eastern potato breeding and selection effort produces new varieties and evaluates their potential to serve fresh, processing, and specialty markets in the East. Adoption and seed multiplication take considerable time in the potato industry, so impacts occur over a long time period. Recent eastern releases since 2002 (e.g. Marcy, Monticello, Harley Blackwell, Red Maria, Lehigh, Waneta, Lamoka and Peter Wilcox) were grown on 726 seed acres nationwide during 2011 with a seed value of $1,900,000. The resulting seed crop has the potential to plant 7200 acres in 2012 with a ware value conservatively estimated at $14.5M. Over a longer time frame, 20 varieties released by the Eastern programs since 1990 represented 3270 seed acres nationwide with a seed value of $8.6M. This seed crop has the potential to plant 33,800 acres in 2012 with a conservatively projected value of $66,000,000<br /> <br /> Rural communities benefit from the release of new varieties because these varieties can improve yields, marketing opportunities, and pest resistance relative to standard varieties. Local, direct marketing outlets rely on high quality, specialty varieties such as Red Maria, Peter Wilcox and Lehigh, which are recent releases of this project. Growers cannot access larger-scale processing and fresh markets unless they are able to meet the stringent quality control requirements of these markets. Traditional varieties are increasingly deficient in these quality attributes and this puts eastern growers at a disadvantage unless new, well adapted varieties are developed and made available. The NE1031 project strives to develop new potato varieties which meet the needs of these growers. Pest resistant varieties allow potatoes to be grown where there otherwise could not be grown (e.g. golden nematode resistance is required for production in portions of NY) and/or provide growers with the opportunity to reduce pesticide applications (e.g. late blight resistance). Late blight resistance can improve grower profits, reduce the risk of catastrophic crop losses, and reduce the pesticide load on the agricultural system. All three can be beneficial to rural communities.<br /> <br /> <br />

Publications

Dessureault-Rompre J, Zebarth BJ, Chow TL, Burton DL, Sharifi M, Georgallas A, Porter GA, Moreau G, Leclerc Y, Arsenault WJ, Grant CA (2011) Prediction of Soil Nitrogen Supply in Potato Fields in a Cool Humid Climate. Soil Science Society of America Journal 75: 626-637 <br /> <br /> Galek R, Rurek M, De Jong WS, Pietkiewicz G, Augustyniak H, Sawicka-Sienkiewicz E (2011) Application of DNA markers linked to the potato H1 gene conferring resistance to pathotype Ro1 of Globodera rostochiensis. Journal of Applied Genetics 52: 407-411.<br /> <br /> Hamilton JP, Hansey CN, Whitty BR, Stoffel K, Massa AN, van Deynze A, De Jong WS, Douches DS, Buell CR (2011) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Discovery in Elite North American Potato Germplasm. BMC Genomics 12:302 doi:10.1186/1471-2164-12-302<br /> <br /> Haynes KG, Clevidence BA, Rao D, Vinyard BT (2011) Inheritance of carotenoid content in tetraploid x diploid potato crosses. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 136:265-272<br /> <br /> McCord PH, Sosinski BR, Haynes KG, Clough ME, Yencho GC (2011) QTL mapping of internal heat necrosis in potato. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 122:129-142.<br /> <br /> McCord PH, Sosinski BR, Haynes KG, Clough ME, Yencho GC (2011) Linkage mapping and QTL analysis of agronomic traits in tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum subsp. tuberosum). Crop Sci. 51:771-785.<br /> <br /> Qu XS, Wanner LA, Christ BJ (2011) Multiplex real-time PCR (TaqMan) assay for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of potato powdery and common scab diseases and pathogens. Journal Of Applied Microbiology 110: 769-777 <br /> <br /> The Potato Genome Sequencing Consortium (2011) Genome sequence and analysis of the tuber crop potato. Nature 475: 189-195<br />

Impact Statements

1. Two new potato cultivars, Waneta and Lamoka, were released by the project in 2011. Both are intended for the potato chip industry, and have several characteristics (fry color, resistance to common scab and the golden cyst nematode) that represent an improvement over the current industry standard, &lsquo;Snowden&lsquo;.

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