Annual/Termination Reports:

[01/06/2020] [03/07/2021] [02/04/2022] [01/03/2023] [12/28/2023]

Report Information

Participants

See attached list

Brief Summary of Minutes

See attached minutes from the meeting

Accomplishments

<p>This is the first year of the project. As such there are little outcomes or outputs to report.</p><br /> <p>Below&nbsp;are our immediate (2020) milestones:</p><br /> <ol><br /> <ol><br /> <li>Site selection for new participant. Colby is seeking an establish a site, maybe 2; Judy has a site identified.&nbsp;</li><br /> <li>Wrap up of NE-1438.&nbsp;Karen will develop and distribute a data survey, and will eventually work on aggregation of the data.</li><br /> <li>A gas sampling demonstration will occur at the 2020 NERCSS Workshop in Virginia.&nbsp;Mark and Colby will discuss protocols.&nbsp;All should identify a lab that could analyze their samples. Karen will follow up with KSSL.</li><br /> <li>Tea bags will be deployed on a trial/exploratory basis in 2020. This may also be demonstrated at the NERCSS Workshop&hellip;or at a Mid-Atlantic Hydric Soil Committee meeting.&nbsp;</li><br /> <li>The next Northeast Regional Pedology Field Tour is scheduled for the summer of 2021 and will be hosted by John Galbraith, who will plan to include a visit to his vernal pool site during the trip.</li><br /> </ol><br /> </ol>

Publications

<p>No publications at this time</p>

Impact Statements

1. This is the first year of the study. These are the expected impacts: 1) This research will result in improved region-wide understanding of the soils, hydrology, and carbon accounting of depressional wetlands. We will use the depressional wetlands as surrogates for a range of wetlands that have both inundation and saturation and that these conditions vary seasonally. This research will be a continuation of our region-wide focus on hydric soils and hydric indicators to determine if there is a need for additional hydric soil indicators. If needed, new hydric soil indicators may be proposed and submitted for inclusion as part of the National Indicators of Hydric Soils for the Northeast Supplement. 2) External funding: we already have plans to approach USDA-NRCS in their next call for soils related research to seek additional funding. 3) Our previous research showed that there is significant variation in soil climate within depressional wetlands over a 4 year period. Considering that variability, the additional data from our region-wide approach (temperature gradient) to measure reducing conditions with IRIS tubes may have significant impact on how (when and for how long) reducing conditions within wetlands are measured and evaluated. 4) Our studies will provide metrics of main sources carbon to the soil (litterfall and deadfall) and the rates that these soil carbon sources decompose. We can assume that decomposition results in an equivalent amount of CO2 is lost to the atmosphere. We will measure GHG fluxes at the same time as a check of the release of carbon from these systems. These inputs and losses will provide an estimate of the amount of C that is sequestered in these soils yearly and how inundation and saturation effect the C balance toward sequestration. 5) The differences in temperature among our sites represents the projected change in temperature in the next century. Thus, our study will provide an estimate of how wetland soils will react to an increase in temperature as a result of global warming.

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Report Information

Participants

Annual Meeting Participants: Marty Rabenhorst, Mark Stolt, John Galbraith, Patrick Drohan, Bruce Vasilas, Karen Vaughan, Judy Turk, Colby Moorberg, Jim Thompson.

Brief Summary of Minutes

See attached file for the 2019-2020 meeting minutes held on Jan 6 2021.

Accomplishments

<p><strong>Accomplishments: </strong>This year was the first actual year of the study. Our research plans focused on activities in the late spring, summer, and fall. Unfortunately, these plans were hindered by the Covid-19 pandemic. Thus, our accomplishments have been minimal so far. &nbsp;For 2021, our plans are 1) to complete site selection and site instrumentation; 2) begin monitoring; 3) initiate sampling; 4) clear deadfall plots; 5) deploy decomposition materials; and 6) publish Mn IRIS manuscript.</p><br /> <p>&nbsp;</p><br /> <p><strong>Short-term Outcomes: </strong>This is essentially the first year of this study and is in the initial stages of instrumentation and data collection.</p><br /> <p>&nbsp;</p><br /> <p><strong>Outputs: </strong>Our overall goals are to understand of the role depressional wetlands play in control and emissions of greenhouse gases and to understand the effect of increasing temperatures on C stocks and fluxes in wetlands.</p><br /> <p>&nbsp;</p><br /> <p><strong>Activities:</strong> (See above from annual project meeting notes on planned activities for 2021)</p><br /> <p>&nbsp;</p><br /> <p class="Default"><strong>Milestones:</strong> For 2021, our goals are: 1) to complete site selection and site instrumentation; 2) begin monitoring; 3) initiate sampling; 4) clear deadfall plots; 5) deploy decomposition materials; and 6) publish Mn IRIS manuscript.</p><br /> <p>&nbsp;</p><br /> <p class="Default">&nbsp;</p>

Publications

<p><strong>Publications:</strong> We are currently developing a manuscript on the application of Mn IRIS sensors for identifying reducing conditions in wetlands in the low temperature portion of the growing season. We expect the paper to be published in 2021.</p>

Impact Statements

1. Impacts: This is essentially the first year of the project and thus we have minimal results to report that would be considered an “impact”.

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Report Information

Participants

Marty Rabenhorst, Mark Stolt, John Galbraith, Patrick Drohan, Bruce Vasilas, Karen Vaughan, Judy Turk, Colby Moorberg, Jim Thompson

Brief Summary of Minutes

The attachment on this page contains the meeting minutes alongw ith all NE1938 annual report information for this year.

Accomplishments

<p><br />This year was the second actual year of the study. Our research plans focused on activities in the late spring, summer, and fall. Unfortunately, these plans have been severely hindered by the Covid-19 pandemic and the Omicron and Delta variants. Thus, our accomplishments have been minimal so far. In 2021 we published our work with the Mn IRIS: Rabenhorst, M.C., P.J. Drohan, J.M. Galbraith, C. Moorberg, L. Spokas, M.H. Stolt, J.A. Thompson, J. Turk, B.L. Vasilas, and K.L. Vaughan. 2021. Manganese-coated IRIS to document reducing soil conditions. Soil Science of America Journal. doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20301</p><br /> <p>Short-term Outcomes: This is essentially the 2nd year of this study, although some of the decomposition data has been recorded our overall carbon budget is incomplete. Our hope is by next year to have a complete set of decomposition data. We are still measuring inputs and will need to measure fluxes after that.<br /><br />Outputs: Our overall goals are to understand of the role depressional wetlands play in control and emissions of greenhouse gases and to understand the effect of increasing temperatures on C stocks and fluxes in wetlands.<br />Activities: (See above from annual project meeting notes on planned activities for 2022)<br /><br />Milestones: For 2022, our plans are 1) to complete site selection and site instrumentation; 2) continue temperature and hydrology monitoring; 3) complete sampling where needed; 4) measure carbon inputs from litter traps and deadfall plots; 5) deploy ingrowth cores to measure root inputs, 6) collected decomposition sticks and analyze; 7) analyze tea bag and leaf litter decomposition data; and 8) continue examine profile darkness data to complete the manuscript.<br /><br />Impacts: This is essentially the 2nd year of the project and thus we have minimal results to report that would be considered an &ldquo;impact&rdquo;. We published our manuscript on the effectiveness of Mn IRIS to identify reducing conditions in soils. We found that Mn IRIS were much more effective than Fe IRIS in identifying reducing conditions in the early (colder) growing season. We propose that the National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils (NTCHS) consider accepting Mn IRIS for identifying reducing conditions when soil temperatures are between 5 and 11 degrees C.</p>

Publications

<p>Publications: In 2021 we published our work with the Mn IRIS (see above). WE plan on continuing to develop a manuscript linking profile darkness index to hydrology and potentially carbon stocks.</p>

Impact Statements

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Report Information

Participants

Mark Stolt (URI), Andy Baldwin (UMD), Colby Moorberg (K-State), Marty Rabenhorst (UMD), Jim Thompson (WVU), Judy Turk (Univ. of Nebraska), Bruce Vasilas (UDE), Karen Vaughan (UWY).

Brief Summary of Minutes

Minutes from the NE-1938 Multistate Meeting

ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meetings

8 November 2022

Baltimore, MD

In attendance: Mark Stolt (chair), Andy Baldwin, Colby Moorberg, Marty Rabenhorst, Jim Thompson, Judy Turk, Bruce Vasilas, Karen Vaughan.

 Review of objectives

NE-1938 is the fourth iteration of this hydropedology-oriented multistate research project. The focus of this project is to determine C stocks across depressional wetlands having a range of temperatures. In concert with accounting the C stored in these systems, we will measure inputs of C through litter and dead fall, rates of decomposition of these C sources, and the fluxes of C via carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄) that occur in these soils. We will make these measures in, or adjacent to, each of the two zones of these wetlands (seasonally inundated, seasonally saturated), and the adjacent uplands. Our working hypothesis is that since the multistate sites will have similar hydrologic conditions, relationships between soil temperature and soil C additions, decomposition, and losses can be identified. These relationships can be used to understand the effect of increasing temperatures on C stocks and fluxes in wetlands over the next century.

 Review of newer project sites

Kansas (Colby)

       Proposed sites are bison wallows

       Soils have a high sodium content, clay pans

       Common soil series are Konza and Dwight

Nebraska (Judy)

        Selected site is a deflation basin (blowout)Parent materials are loess over sandy alluvium

 Data collection

Dowel rod decomposition data: Sticks were to be deployed for 1 year across all three transects (3 transects x 3 plots/transect x 5 replicates/plot); sticks were 0.95 cm diameter x 50 cm long and were laid on the soil surface.

Data were presented from Rhode Island and Maryland.

At the RI study site, 15-20% decomposition was observed in Zone 1 and 25-35% decomposition in Zones 2 and 3.

At the MD study site, 10-15% decomposition was observed in Zone 1 with 25-45% decomposition in Zones 2 and 3.

Others with decomposition stick data should send it to Mark.

Greenhouse gas fluxes and root growthThe methodology for collection of these data was discussed.

Action Items: everyone responsible unless individual identified

• Get WETS Table Data http://agacis.rcc-acis.org/


• Identify closest weather station with 30 years of records and web page for data downloads - enter link in the spreadsheet above


• Upload vegetation data (create spreadsheet and template for all - BRUCE)


• Upload soil temperature data at 10 and 30 cm depths for deployment periods (create folder and template for all MARTY)
  
  
  
  • Litter bag deployment period (could be done now)
  
  
  • Tea bag deployment period (could be done now)
  
  
  • Full year for decomposition sticks (should be done after sticks are retrieved)
  
  
  
  


• Collect/upload carbon stock data (send data to MARK - he will create complete spreadsheet)


• Upload hydrology data for deployment periods (create folder and template for all - KAREN)
  
  
  
  • Litter bag deployment period (could be done now)
  
  
  • Tea bag deployment period (could be done now)
  
  
  • Full year for decomposition sticks (should be done after stick are retrieved)
  
  
  
  


• Upload site photos https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1GOlA8RIb9fMEkbMTcoRpDxNixBTemrcA


• Upload nitrogen data (Kansas and Nebraska)
  
  
  
  • Need date of collection for everyone that has completed this HERE
  
  
  
  


• Upload all data for sticks, leaf and tea bag decomposition data (see spreadsheet link above)


• Root ingrowth experiment protocol - BRUCE & MARK (5-15 cm; 3” diameter, 10 cm height)


• Greenhouse gas measurement procedures finalized

Accomplishments

<p><strong>Accomplishments: </strong>This year was the third actual year of the study. Our research activities are focused on late spring, summer, and fall. Unfortunately, these plans have been severely hindered by the Covid-19 pandemic and the Omicron and Delta variants. Thus, our accomplishments have been minimal so far. In 2021 we published our work with the Mn IRIS: Rabenhorst, M.C., P.J. Drohan, J.M. Galbraith, C. Moorberg, L. Spokas, M.H. Stolt, J.A. Thompson, J. Turk, B.L. Vasilas, and K.L. Vaughan. 2021. Manganese-coated IRIS to document reducing soil conditions. Soil Science of America Journal.&nbsp; doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20301</p><br /> <p>&nbsp;<strong>Short-term Outcomes: </strong>This is essentially the 3rd year of this study, although some of the decomposition data has been recorded our overall carbon budget is incomplete. Our hope is by next year to have a complete set of decomposition data. We are still measuring inputs and will need to measure fluxes after that.</p><br /> <p>&nbsp;<strong>Outputs: </strong>Our overall goals are to understand of the role depressional wetlands play in control and emissions of greenhouse gases and to understand the effect of increasing temperatures on C stocks and fluxes in wetlands.</p><br /> <p>&nbsp;<strong>Activities: </strong>(See &ldquo;action items&rdquo; from annual project meeting notes on planned activities for 2023)</p><br /> <p>&nbsp;<strong>Milestones: </strong>For 2023, our plans are 1) to complete site selection and site instrumentation; 2) continue temperature and hydrology monitoring; 3) complete sampling where needed; 4) measure carbon inputs from litter traps and deadfall plots; 5) deploy ingrowth cores to measure root inputs, 6) collected decomposition sticks and analyze; 7) analyze tea bag and leaf litter decomposition data; and 8) continue examine profile darkness data to complete the manuscript.</p>

Publications

<p><strong>Publications:</strong> In 2021 we published our work with the Mn IRIS (see above). We plan on continuing to develop a manuscript linking profile darkness index to hydrology and potentially carbon stocks.</p>

Impact Statements

1. Impacts: This is essentially the 3rd year of the project and thus we have minimal results to report that would be considered an “impact”. We published our manuscript on the effectiveness of Mn IRIS to identify reducing conditions in soils. We found that Mn IRIS were much more effective than Fe IRIS in identifying reducing conditions in the early (colder) growing season. We propose that the National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils (NTCHS) consider accepting Mn IRIS for identifying reducing conditions when soil temperatures are between 5 and 11 degrees C.

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Report Information

Participants

See attached meeting minutes

Brief Summary of Minutes

Accomplishments

<p><strong>Accomplishments: </strong>This year was the 4th year of the study. Our research activities are focused on late spring, summer, and fall. Unfortunately, these plans&nbsp;were severely hindered by the Covid-19 pandemic and the Omicron and Delta variants in previous years. Thus, we are not as far along as we had planned. We are currently analyzing the carbon inputs, decomposition data, and relating that to soil temperature and hydrology. In 2021 we published our work examining how redox reaction with Mn and Fe are affected by hydrology and temperature: &nbsp;Rabenhorst, M.C., P.J. Drohan, J.M. Galbraith, C. Moorberg, L. Spokas, M.H. Stolt, J.A. Thompson, J. Turk, B.L. Vasilas, and K.L. Vaughan. 2021. Manganese-coated IRIS to document reducing soil conditions. Soil Science of America Journal.&nbsp; doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20301</p><br /> <p><strong>Short-term Outcomes: </strong>This is the 4th year of this study. We are currently completing our analysis. Our current plan is to complete that analysis by the spring of 2024.</p><br /> <p><strong>Outputs: </strong>Our overall goals are to understand of the role depressional wetlands play in securing carbon and the effect of increasing temperatures will have on these processes, and in the end, C stocks and fluxes in wetlands.</p><br /> <p>&nbsp;<strong>Activities: </strong>(See &ldquo;action items&rdquo; from annual project meeting notes on planned activities for 2024)</p><br /> <p>&nbsp;<strong>Milestones: </strong>For 2024, our plans are 1) compile all data; 2) analyze all the data relative to hydrology and soil temperature; 3) draft a manuscript focused on the carbon stocks across the multistate sites relative to temperature, vegetation, and hydrology, and 4) write and submit a new multistate project for the next 5 years.</p><br /> <p>&nbsp;</p>

Publications

<p><strong>Publications:</strong> In 2021 we published our work with the Mn and Fe IRIS (see above). We are working on a second manuscript. Several abstracts have been published from the study.</p>

Impact Statements

1. We published our manuscript on the effectiveness of Mn IRIS to identify reducing conditions in soils. We found that Mn IRIS were much more effective than Fe IRIS in identifying reducing conditions in the early (colder) growing season. Currently, Fe IRIS is the standard sensor approach to identify reducing conditions in hydric soils. The National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils (NTCHS) oversees the standards used to define hydric soils and thereby how wetlands are defined and identified. Thus, our work is important to professionals identifying wetlands, the scientific community that is trying to develop wetland criteria, and the general public that recognizes the important ecosystem functions of these systems. From our work, we propose that the NHSTC consider accepting Mn IRIS for identifying reducing conditions when soil temperatures are between 5 and 11 degrees C.

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