NCCC_old211: Cover crops to improve agricultural sustainability and environmental quality in the upper Midwest

(Multistate Research Coordinating Committee and Information Exchange Group)

Status: Inactive/Terminating

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SAES-422 Reports

Annual/Termination Reports:

[04/05/2016] [05/24/2017] [05/15/2018] [09/04/2019] [08/19/2020]

Date of Annual Report: 04/05/2016

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 02/23/2016 - 02/24/2016
Period the Report Covers: 03/01/2015 - 02/01/2016

Participants

Brief Summary of Minutes

See attached file for NCCC211's 2015 annual report.

Minutes Attachment:

NCCC 211 2015-2016 report.pdf

Accomplishments

Publications

Impact Statements

Date of Annual Report: 05/24/2017

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 03/14/2017 - 03/15/2017
Period the Report Covers: 03/31/2016 - 03/01/2017

Participants

Brief Summary of Minutes

Please see attched file for NCCC211's 2016/2017 annual report.

Minutes Attachment:

NCCC 211 report 2016 activities.pdf

Accomplishments

Publications

Impact Statements

Date of Annual Report: 05/15/2018

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 03/13/2018 - 03/13/2018
Period the Report Covers: 03/01/2017 - 02/28/2018

Participants

Brief Summary of Minutes

See attached reoprt for NCCC211.

Minutes Attachment:

NCCC 211 report 2017 activities (002).pdf

Accomplishments

Publications

Impact Statements

Date of Annual Report: 09/04/2019

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 02/20/2019 - 02/21/2019
Period the Report Covers: 03/01/2018 - 02/28/2019

Participants

Kendal Lamkey - Administrator of NC-211 Iowa State University
DeAnn Presley - Kansas State University
Shannon Westof - South Dakota State University
Dean Bass - Michigan State University
Tom Kaspar - USDA Iowa, retired
Chris Proctor - University of Nebraska
Mark Licht - Iowa State University
Shalamar Amstrong - Purdue University
Peter Tomlinson - Kansas State University
Andrea Basche - University of Nebraska
Eileen Kladivko - Purdue University
Marisol Berti - North Dakota State University

Brief Summary of Minutes

NCCC211 Meeting Notes:

Past minutes approved, Eileen Kladivko moved, Marisol Berti second. All approved. Motion passed.

Discussion about the renewal of NCCC-211. Let’s keep it as is or change it to a different regional committee. University of Nebraska thinking to propose a new regional project. Coordinate the reports.

Project discussion- NCCC211 renewal and new Nebraska regional project

September 15, 2019 is the renewal or new project. Rules the same as renewal. A lot of NC project that are being dumped for not enough activities. October 15, objectives in by November 15 all participants will be registered by November 15 proposals must be in.

NCCC-211 is working fine, is working good meetings, reports are turned on time. Be careful when writing the project objectives so they do not match hatch projects, because for NIFA funding my matter.

Eileen worries that not renewing the NCCC-211 we might lose the project if Nebraska doesn’t get theirs. It would be a better idea to renew NCCC-211 and Nebraska create a new one so they can get their own NC project and funding.

Marisol Berti volunteered to help with writing the renewal project. Make a committee for writing the renewal.

NCCC-211 project status
1. Peter Kovacs is the official rep for South Dakota, not David Clay.
2. Illinois, Missouri and Ohio do not have a rep. to NCCC-211
3. Talk to Scotty Wells see if he continues to be secretary
4. Peter Tomlinson elected new secretary for 2020. Tom Kaspar moved, Dean Bass Second, approved unanimously.

Accomplishments

Accomplishments by State Indiana Cover crop interest and adoption continues to grow in Indiana (> 970,000 adopted acres).  Therefore, the demand for training and services related to cover crops by the Conservation Partnership continues to increase. The Indiana Conservation Partnership includes NRCS, Soil and Water Conservation Districts (SWCD), Conservation Cropping Systems Initiative (CCSI), Indiana State Department of Agriculture (ISDA), State Soil Board, and Purdue Extension.  To further strengthen cover crop training and services, numerous research projects are being conducted related to the functions of cover crops in the area of soil health, resilience of cropping systems to climate stress, cover crop influence on soil microbiome diversity, syncing N release of cover crops with the N demand of cash crops, surface water quality, forage quality, weed science, pest suppression, short and long-term cover crop economics. Additionally, five cover crop related papers were published in scientific journals, three extension publications, and 17 conference paper/posters were presented. Ongoing research in cover crops facilitated the graduate education of 12 graduate students (3 Ph.D., 9 M.S.) and supported one post-doc. Iowa Total acreage of cover crops planted in Iowa in fall of 2018 are preliminarily estimated at 880,000 acres. This estimate is based on the Iowa Learning Farms farmer survey. Final estimates will be available in March of 2019. Cost shared acres through Practical Farmers of Iowa include 1,381 acres ($55,240) from NRCS CIG grant and 21,755 acres ($217,550) from ADM/Unilever Sustainable Soy Continuous Improvement program. Additional cost share opportunities include the Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship, USDA-NRCS EQIP contracts, USDA-NRCS CSP supported contracts and crop insurance premium reduction (acres and monetary contribution unknown at time of reporting). Outreach efforts on cover crops in Iowa reached over 13,700 individuals through approximately 150 events, including Iowa State University Extension, Iowa Learning Farms and Practical Farmers of Iowa outreach activities. Other cover crop outputs included publication of five refereed scientific articles and two M.S. thesis. For 2018, there were seven graduate students, three post-doctoral research associates, and one research associate conducting research on cover crops and five new projects were funded. Kansas Currently in Kansas there are 14 university researchers with active research projects ranging in topics from erosion control, water quality, N cycling, weed suppression, evaluation in cropping systems, effects on soil moisture, soil health, companion planting with winter wheat, control of charcoal rot in soybean, and forage production and quality. Numerous extension presentations featuring cover crop research were made to approximately 1,500 producers and agricultural professionals. Kansas State University supported 5 graduate students conducting research on cover crops with support from grants funded by national, regional, and state institutions, as well as commodity boards.  Kentucky Cover crop acreage in 2018 is estimated at approximately 120,000 acres.  The USDA-NRCS EQIP program cost-shared approximately 12,000 acres.  Extension and research specialists at the University of Kentucky held approximately 20 meetings and field days, reaching almost 1700 individuals.  Of these meetings, approximately half focused on the use of cover crops for grazing or forages.  In 2018, UK supported seven graduate students conducting research on cover crops, with support from 16 different grants funded by national, regional, and state institutions, as well as commodity boards.  Michigan Michigan State University (MSU) continues its commitment to cover crop research, publications and outreach in 2018. Activities included 32 on-going research projects, 12 scientific/society presentations, 10 peer-reviewed publications, 1 thesis, 11 Extension/outreach publications, 2 webinars and 48 Extension workshop/field day presentations. Research projects include evaluation of cover crops for: 1) pest/disease management for weeds, diseases and/or nematodes across field crops, vegetables and/or forages; 2) interseeding of cover crop into corn; 3) cover crop herbicide tolerance; 4) management across commodities including field crops, vegetables, fruit and tree nuts and ornamentals; 5) forages/feeds; 6) soil fertility; and soil health/science/biology. The MSU Michigan cover crop website (www.covercrops.msu.edu) increased to 9,355 pageviews from March 2018 – March 2019 compared to 5,883 during the same period the previous year. Over 45 events that included cover crops were held in Michigan in 2018 reaching over 2800 participants. In 2018 there were 11 cover crop Extension articles published on the MSU Extension News page (http://msue.anr.msu.edu/topic/info/cover_crops) written by seven educators. Ten refereed journal articles by MSU cover crop researchers were published in 2018. MSU also educated hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students through 13 different courses in the Departments of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Science, Entomology, and Horticulture that include cover crops in their curriculum. There were three M.S. and two Ph.D. students with cover crop related research projects. Minnesota Minnesota cover crop educators, researchers, and advocates used a wide range of media in their outreach and education efforts. Newspapers and printed magazines remain the most frequent pathway to extend cover crop research and education in MN. There was 35 cover crop related educational and outreach activities during the 2018-year hosted in Minnesota. Field days and grower meetings where among the most attended. Based on survey results for programing in 2018 more than 2800 people attended cover crop events across a range of educational outlets.  The Forever Green Agriculture Program in conjunction with the Southern Research and Outreach Center (SROC), USDA-ARS, and Agriculture Utilization Research Institute (AURI) in Waseca, MN hosted a winter camelina life-cycle field day. The central theme for the SROC field day was to announce winter camelina as a value-added cash cover crop. We wanted participants to leave the field day thinking broadly about environmental sustainability, and show that camelina is real, taste great, highly flexible in terms of end-user products, and can address the externalities of a corn/soybean dominated agricultural landscape. Additionally, Minnesotan cover crop educators and advocates produced 34 products with grower guides and Extension bulletins, newsletters and peer-reviewed publications the most common products. Funding for cover crops related research and education continued to remain active in MN where 52% of respondents received funding to support their missions. Unlike prior years, funding in 2018 was more diverse ranging from Minnesota Department of Agricultural to the Walton Family Foundation. Project foci include Relay planting cover crops; Nitrate retention of cover crops; Late-season cover crop seeding and establishment; Development of new cash cover crops for the upper Midwest. Nebraska No report North Dakota Cover crops awareness and adoption in North Dakota is growing very fast.  The cropping systems CAP project funded by NIFA-USDA, a PDP and two research projects funded by NC-SARE on cover crops, and many other commodity-group funded projects have provided valuable resources to advance research in cover crops and bring the information directly to farmers.  Additionally, the ND soybean council and MN soybean growers have provided funding to evaluate the effect of cover crops in soybean cyst nematode. Research in North Dakota includes interseeding into standing soybean, corn, sugar beet, sunflower, and dry bean, nutrient cycling of cover crops to wheat, corn, and sugar beet,  intercropping (flax-canola, pea-canola), soil health, and long-term integrated crop and livestock systems on forage finishing, soil fertility, nitrogen mineralization, carbon sequestration, and profitability. We were able to reach over 1000 farmers in 19 field days and tours, 20+ Café Talks and 4 workshops. We have 20 farmers collaborating directly with research projects and conducting on-farm research. South Dakota Researchers in South Dakota are working on cover crop’s effect on nutrient cycling, interseeding and post-harvest seeding of cover crops into corn, impact of integrated crop-livestock system on soil health, greenhouse gas emission, and water quality, and residual herbicide effects on cover crops. In addition, researchers are seeking to understanding producer’s usage and determinants of conservation best management practices South Dakota completed the process to be included in the Midwest Cover Crop Council Crop Decision Tool. A group of fifteen cover crop experts in South Dakota (SDSU agronomists, Extension specialists, NRCS, seedsmen, and experienced farmers) worked from 2017 through 2018 on ranking cover crops to assist farmers in selecting cover crops. Rankings are based on nine distinct agriculture regions varying by planting date, precipitation, salinity, and drainage class to list some of the variables. Results of the above outlined research was communicated in field days, and field demonstration days, and via information being distributed in cover crop booths at larger producer events. Wisconsin Researchers in Wisconsin are working on cover crop projects to determine nitrogen credits for frost and inter seeded red clover, how fall cover crops integrate in a corn silage rotation with fall applied manure. In addition, research is ongoing to understand cover crop-based reduce tillage in organic systems and the impact of other organic production practices on soil health. A research and outreach trial at the Arlington Agricultural Research Station is in its 7th year comparing crop yields (corn silage, rye forage and cover crop biomass) and economics associated with corn silage followed by a winter rye cover crop, a spring-harvested winter rye forage crop and no rye. A comparative economic and environmental compliance analysis of the three practices above was initiated using data from the trial.  This will be developed into an educational publication through the UW Nutrient and Pest Management Program as well as a master’s thesis by a student in the UW Agroecology Program. A new educational publication was completed, Planting cover crops after corn silage for spring forage harvest: Opportunities and challenges as told by dairy farmers and their consultants in Wisconsin.  The publication presents the results of four focus group interview sessions conducted by UW Extension colleagues Liz Binversie, Heidi Johnson, Randy Shaver and Kevin Shelley with dairy farmers and their nutrition and agronomy consultants. In 2018, 88 soil health talks to youth, farmers, agency and agri-business professionals and tribal communities reached 4,767 individuals.  Graduate students and Postdoctoral Researchers in Cover Crops Research <ul> <li>Total of 39 MS students: IN-9, IA-6, KS-2, MI- 3, ND-15, KY-4</li> <li>Total of 16 PhD students: IN-3, IA-3, KS-3, MI-2, ND-2, KY-3</li> <li>Total of 6 Postdoctoral researchers: IN-1, IA-3, ND-2</li> </ul>

Publications

<h1>Publications</h1> <h2>Peer-reviewed</h2> <ol> <li>Nevins, C.J., C. Lacey, L. A. Hoagland, R.F. Turco, C. Nakatsu, and S.D. Armstrong. 2018. Characterization of microbial community response to cover crop residue decomposition. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 127:39-49.</li> <li>Xu, M., C. Lacey, and S.D. Armstrong. 2018. The feasibility of satellite remote sensing and spatial interpolation to estimate cover crop biomass and nitrogen uptake at the watershed scale. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 73:6 682-692.</li> <li>Ruffatti, M.D., R. Roth, C. Lacey, and S.D. Armstrong. 2018. Impacts of nitrogen application timing and cover crop inclusion on subsurface drainage water quality. Agricultural Water Management 211:81-88.</li> <li>Mueller, S.M., H.R. Pasley, L.O. Pico, S.D. Armstrong, R.P. Sripada and T.J. Vyn. 2018. Re-evaluation of soil N sampling strategy effects on statistical power. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 49:16, 2053-2063.</li> <li>Kladivko, E.J., L. Holscher, J. Boyle-Warner, B. Fisher, J.D. Rorick, and S.M. Zuber. 2019. State-wide soil health programs for education and on-farm assessment: Lessons learned. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 74(1):12A-17A, doi:10.2489/jswc.74.1.12A.</li> <li>Acharya, J., Bakker M.G., Moorman T.B., Kaspar T.C., Lenssen A.W., and Robertson A.E. 2018. Use of fungicide seed treatments to compare corn seedling disease complex following a winter rye cover crop or a winter fallow. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology. <a href="http://doi.org/10.1080/07060661.2018.1506503">http://doi.org/10.1080/07060661.2018.1506503</a></li> <li>Gillette, K.L., Malone, R.W., Kaspar, T.C., Ma, L., Parkin, T.B., Jaynes, D.B., Fang, Q.X., Hatfield, J.L., Feyereisen, G.W., Kersebaum, K.C. 2018. N loss to drain flow and N2O emissions from a corn-soybean rotation with winter rye. Science of the Total Environment. 618:982-997. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.054">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.054</a>.</li> <li>Korucu, T., Shipitalo, M.J., Kaspar, T.C. 2018. Rye cover crop increases earthworm populations and reduces losses of broadcast, fall-applied, fertilizers in surface runoff. Soil & Tillage Research. 180:99-106. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2018.03.004">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2018.03.004</a>.</li> <li>Malone, R.W., Obrycki, J., Karlen, D.L., Ma, L., Kaspar, T.C., Jaynes, D.B., Parkin, T.B., Lence, S., Feyereisen, G.W., Fang, Q., Richards, T.L., Gillette, K.L. 2018. Harvesting fertilized rye cover crop: simulated revenue, net energy, and drainage Nitrogen loss. Agricultural and Environmental Letters. 3:170041. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2134/ael2017.11.0041">https://doi.org/10.2134/ael2017.11.0041</a>.</li> <li>Obrycki, J.F., Karlen, D.L., Cambardella, C.A., Kovar, J.L., Birrell, S.J. 2018. Corn stover harvest, tillage, and cover crop effects on soil health indicators. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 82(4):910-918. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2017.12.0415">https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2017.12.0415</a>.</li> <li>Farney, J.K., G.F. Sassenrath, C. Davis*, and D. Presley. 2018. Composition, forage production, and costs are variable in three-way cover crop mixes as fall forage. Crop, Forage, and Turfgrass Management. doi:10.2134/cftm2018.03.0020</li> <li>Farney, J.K., G.F. Sassenrath, C.J. Davis*, and D. Presley. 2018. Forage Mass Production, Forage Nutritive Value, and Cost Comparisons of Three-Way Cover Crop Mixes. Crop, Forage, and Turfgrass Management. doi:10.2134/cftm2017.11.0081</li> <li>Liebman, A.M., Grossman, J., Brown, M., Wells, M.S., Reberg-Horton, S.C. and Shi, W., 2018. Legume cover crops and tillage impact nitrogen dynamics in organic corn production. Agronomy Journal (2018).</li> <li>Noland, R.L., Wells, M.S., Coulter, J.A., Tiede, T., Baker, J.M., Martinson, K.L. and Sheaffer, C.C., 2018. Estimating alfalfa yield and nutritive value using remote sensing and air temperature. Field Crops Research, 222, pp.189-196.</li> <li>Noland, R.L., Wells M.S., Peterson, H. 2018. Enhancing Cover Crop Nitrogen Uptake with Improved Establishment. Better Crops 102(2): 31-34. doi.org/10.24047/BC102231.</li> <li>Senturklu, S., D. G. Landblom, R. Maddock, T. Petry, C. J. Wachenheim, and S. I. Paisley. 2018. Effect of yearling steer sequence grazing of perennial and annual forages in an integrated crop and livestock system on grazing performance, delayed feedlot entry, finishing performance, carcass measurements, and systems economics. J. Anim. Sci. 96:2204-2218. doi:10.1093/jas/sky 150</li> <li>Wick, A.F., J. Haley, C. Gasch, T. Wehlander, L. Briese, and S. Samson-Liebig. 2019. Network-based Approaches for Soil Health Research and Extension Programming in North Dakota, USA. Invited Submission, Soil Use and Management, Special Issue: Soil Knowledge Sharing and Exchange. (in press).</li> <li>Ruark, M.D., M. Chawner, M. Ballweg, R. Proost, F. Arraiaga, J. Stute. 2018. Does cover crop radish supply nitrogen to corn? Agronomy J. 110:1-10.</li> <li>Silva, E.M. and Vereecke. 2019. Optimizing organic cover crop-based rotational tillage systems for early soybean growth. Organic Agriculture.</li> <li>Osterholz, W.R., M.J. Renz, W.E. Jokela, and J.H. Grabber. 2018.Interseeded alfalfa reduces soil and nutrient runoff losses during and after corn silage production.  Soil Water Conser. 74:85-90</li> <li>Osterholz, W.R., J.H. Grabber, and M.J. Renz. 2018. Adjuvants for prohexadione-calcium applied to alfalfa interseeded with corn. Agron. J. 110:2687-2690.</li> <li>Osterholz, W.R., M.J. Renz, J.G. Lauer, and J.H. Grabber. 2018. Prohexadione-calcium rate and timing effects on alfalfa interseeded into silage corn. Agron. J. 110: 85-94.</li> <li>Stanton, V.S. and Haramoto, E.R. 2019. Establishment and growth of interseeded annual ryegrass and red clover may be affected more by environment than by soil residual herbicides.  Weed Technology 34: 1-7.  https://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2019.3.</li> <li>Haramoto, E.R. 2019. Species, seeding rate, and planting method influence cover crop services prior to soybean.  Agronomy Journal 111:1-11.  https://doi:10.2134/agronj2018.09.0560. </li> <li>Haramoto, E.R. and B. Pearce.   Cover crop termination treatment impacts weed suppression potential.  Weed Science 67: 91-102.  https://doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2018.75. </li> <li>Bowen, H., J.E. Maul, H.J. Poffenbarger, S.B. Mirsky, M.A. Cavigelli, and S.A. Yarwood. Spatial patterns of microbial denitrification genes change in response to poultry litter placement and cover crop species in an agricultural soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils 54: 769-781.</li> <li>Thapa, R., H.J. Poffenbarger, K.L. Tully, V.J. Ackroyd, M.H. Kramer, and S.B. Mirsky. 2018. Biomass production and nitrogen accumulation by hairy vetch/cereal rye mixtures: A meta-analysis. Agronomy Journal 110: 1197-1208.</li> </ol> <h2>Proceedings</h2> <ol> <li>Licht, M. 2018. Cover crops for Iowa 101. Crop Advantage Series, Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Waring E., Licht M., Juchems L., Staudt A., Helmers M., and Carlson S. 2018. Cover crop impact on crop yield and water quality: Comparing single species to mixtures. Proceedings of the 30th Integrated Crop Management, Ames, IA. Available: <a href="https://store.extension.iastate.edu/product/15488">https://store.extension.iastate.edu/product/15488</a></li> <li>Endres, G. Impact of winter rye cover crop on weed control and pinto bean production; Proceedings, Western Society of Weed Science, Volume 71.</li> </ol>   <h2>Conferences and abstracts</h2> <ol> <li>Chen, K.R., J. Ackerson, and S.D. Armstrong. Using Satellite Indices to Estimate Winter Cover Crop Adoption in Boone County, Indiana. 2018. In Annual Meetings ASA, CSSA, SSSA. Baltimore.</li> <li>Xu M., Haishun Yang, Tony J. Vyn, Tonglin Zhang, and S.D. Armstrong.2018. A New Modeling Approach: Big Data and Multivariate Spatial Statistics to Generate in-Season Field-Specific Maize Yield Predictions. In Annual Meetings ASA, CSSA, SSSA. Baltimore, MD.</li> <li>Xu M., C.G. Lacey, and S.D. Armstrong <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2018am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/112424">The Feasibility of Satellite Remote Sensing and Spatial Interpolation to Estimate Cover Crop Biomass and Nitrogen Uptake in a Small Watershed</a>. 2018. In Annual Meetings ASA, CSSA, SSSA. Baltimore, MD.</li> <li>Roth R.T., C.G. Lacey, S.D. Armstrong. 2018. Understanding Cereal Rye Nitrogen Decomposition and Its Transition into Inorganic and Organic Soil Nitrogen Pools. In Annual Meetings ASA, CSSA, SSSA. Baltimore, MD.</li> <li>Armstrong, S.D., C. O’Reily, C.G. Lacey, M. Xu, R.T. Roth, M.D. Ruffatti. 2018. Cover Crop Performance on a Watershed Scale: Potential Impacts on Water Quality. In Annual Meetings ASA. Baltimore, MD.</li> <li>Ruffatti M.D., R.T. Roth, S.D. Armstrong. 2018. Cover Crop Inclusion Impacts on Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus Soil Distribution and Subsurface Drainage Losses. In Annual Meetings ASA, CSSA, SSSA. Baltimore, MD.</li> <li>Lacey, C.G., S. Armstrong. C. Nevins, H. Miller. Cover Crop Decomposition and Residue Nitrogen Release Dynamics. Cover Crop Management Oral 1. 2018. In Annual Meetings ASA, CSSA, SSSA. Baltimore, MD.</li> <li>Miller, Houston., S.D. Armstrong, J. Camberato, and R. Nielsen. Investigation of Corn Yield Improvement Following Cereal Rye Using Starter Nitrogen Fertilizer. 2018. In Annual Meetings ASA, CSSA, SSSA Baltimore, MD.</li> <li>Lacey, C.G., S. Armstrong. C. Nevins, H. Miller. Cover Crop Decomposition and Residue Nitrogen Release Dynamics. 2018. In Annual Meetings North Central Extension Industry Soil Fertility Conference. Des Moines, IA.</li> <li>Lacey, C.G., S. Armstrong. The Impact of Cover Crops on Nitrogen Fate and Availability in Corn and Soybean Systems. 2018. Boone County Cover Crops Field Day. Lebanon, IN.</li> <li>Hodgekiss, C., and W. G. Johnson. 2018. Utilizing cereal rye and crimson clover for weed suppression within, and outside of, buffer areas in dicamba and 2,4-D tolerant soybeans (NCWSS 2018)</li> <li>Hodgekiss, C., and W. G. Johnson. 2018. Cover Crops: Do they Really Contribute to the Control of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) (MCCC 2018)</li> <li>Peterson, W., and W. G. Johnson. 2018.Interactions Between Residual Herbicides and Termination Timing in Cereal Rye on Summer Annual Weed Control (NCWSS 2018)</li> <li>Peterson, W., and W. G. Johnson. 2018. Influence of Crimson Clover and Cereal Rye Termination Timing on Corn Yield and Weed Control (NCWSS 2018)</li> <li>Desimini, S., and W. G. Johnson. 2018. Evaluation of Cereal Rye and Canola Termination Timing on Horseweed and Giant Ragweed Control (NCWSS 2018)</li> <li>Desimini, S., and W. G. Johnson. 2018. Evaluation of Canola and Cereal Rye Termination Timing on Crop Yield and Summer Annual Weed Control in the Eastern Cornbelt. (NCWSS 2018)</li> <li>Desimini, S., and W. G. Johnson. 2018. Evaluation of Cereal Rye and Canola Termination Timing on Winter and Summer Annual Weed Control (MCCC 2018)</li> <li>Berti, M.T., Johnson B.L., Kandel H., Ransom J., Wick A., Ransom D., Ripplinger D., Nowatzki J., Peterson A., Wells M.W., Lenssen A., Patel S., Gesch R.W., Forcella F., and Matthees H. 2018. CropSYS-CAP – A novel management approach to increase productivity, resilience, and long-term sustainability of cropping systems in the northern Great Plains – Research update. Annual meeting of the American Association for Industrial Crops, 23-26 September 2018. London, Ontario.</li> <li>Badger, S., Wells, M.S., and Kaiser, D.E.  2018.  Addressing Low Agricultural Output in the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia.  ASA Section: Global Agronomy.  Poster Presentation at American Society of Agronomy Meetings in Baltimore, MD.</li> <li>Walia, M.K., Wells M.S., Cubins, J., Wyse, D., Gesch, R., and Forcella, F. 2018. Winter camelina (Camelina sativa) seed development, growth, and yield response to harvest time. Midwest Cover Crops Council Annual Meeting. March 13-14. Fargo, ND, USA.</li> <li>Puka-Beals J and Gramig G. 2019. Surface and Living Mulches for Strip-Tilled Vegetable Production. Wild World of Weeds, Fargo, ND. 15 January 2019.</li> <li>Puka-Beals J and Gramig G. 2019. Surface and Living Mulches for Strip-Tilled Vegetable Production. Weed Science Society of America Annual Meeting. New Orleans, LA. 11-14 February 2019.</li> <li>Puka-Beals J. and Gramig G. 2019. Surface and Living Mulches for Strip-Tilled Vegetable Production. Midwest Organic and Sustainable Education Service Organic Farming Conference. La Crosse, WI, 21-23 February 2019</li> <li>Gasch, C., J. Harmon, T. DeSutter, and A. Wick. 2019. Beyond salt chemistry: how the whole soil-plant-insect system responds to salinity and what it means for crop production and management (Oral presentation). Manitoba Soil Science Society Meeting, Winnipeg, MB: February 2019.</li> <li>Franzen, D., A.F. Wick, H. Bu, L. Ressler, J. Bell, M.T. Berti, and C. Gasch, 2018. Nitrogen non-cycling from cover crops grown before corn and spring wheat- Unexpected early project results. Advanced Crops Advisor’s Workshop. Fargo, ND. 13 February 2018.</li> <li>Peterson, A. M.T. Berti, D.P. Samarappuli, S. Cabello, B. Andersen, and S. Podder. Interseeding Cover Crops into Standing Soybean.  Advanced Crops Advisor’s Workshop. Fargo, ND. 13 February 2019.</li> <li>Jacobs, J. 2018. Improving efficiency with intercropping. Columbia Grain Incorporated, Growers Meeting. 8 February 2019.</li> <li>Jacobs, J. 2018. Improving efficiency with intercropping. Burke County Ag Improvement Annual meeting and ASg Show. 12 February 2019.</li> <li>Berti, M.T. 2018. Where to start with cover crops. 14th Annual Conservation Tillage Conference, Fargo, ND, 18-19 December 2018. (40 participants)</li> <li>Wick, A.F. and S. Schenk. Cover Crops and Crop Insurance.14th Annual Conservation Tillage Conference, Fargo, ND, 18-19 December 2018. (45 participants)</li> <li>Wick, A.F. 2018. SHARE Farm Research and Extension Updates. 14th Annual Conservation Tillage Conference, Fargo, ND, 18-19 December 2018. (80 participants)</li> <li>Wick, A.F. 2018. Cover Crop Ideas. 14th Annual Conservation Tillage Conference, Fargo, ND, 18-19 December 2018. (75 participants).</li> <li>Wick, A.F. and T. Wagner. 2018. Using Soil Health Practices On-Farm. Central Dakota Ag Day, Carrington, ND. 13 December 2018. (75 participants).</li> <li>Wick, A.F., Endres, G. and M. Vig. 2018. Cover Crop ID and Use, Central Dakota Ag Day. Carrington, ND. 13 December 2018. (75 participants).</li> <li>Wick, A.F. 2018. Getting Started with Soil Health Discussion, Central Dakota Ag Day, Carrington, ND. 13 December 2018. (75 participants).</li> <li>Wick, A.F. and D. Franzen. In depth look at using cover crops. Northern AgExpo. Fargo, ND, 25 November 2018. (80 participants).</li> <li>Franzen, D., A.F. Wick, H. Bu, L. Ressler, J. Bell, M.T. Berti, and C. Gasch, 2018. Nitrogen non-cycling from cover crops grown before corn and spring wheat- Unexpected early project results. Northern AgExpo. Fargo, ND, 25 November 2018. (80 participants)</li> <li>Wick, A.F. and D. Franzen. Soil Health Q and A, ND Association of Soil Conservation Districts Annual Meeting. Bismarck, ND. 19 November 2018.  (65 participants).</li> <li>Gasch, C., J. Harmon, T. DeSutter, and A. Wick. 2018. Beyond salt chemistry: how the whole soil-plant-insect system responds to salinity and what it means for crop production and management (Oral presentation). ASA, CSSA Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD: November 2018.</li> <li>Franzen, D., A.F. Wick, H. Bu, L. Ressler, J. Bell, M.T. Berti, and C. Gasch, 2018. Nitrogen non-cycling from cover crops grown before corn and spring wheat- Unexpected early project results. North Central Extension-Industry Soil Fertility Conference, Des Moines, IA, 14 November, 2018.</li> <li>Wick, A.F. and D. Franzen. Nitrogen non-cycling in cover crops in a dry season. ASA-CSSA International Annual Meetings, Baltimore, MD, 4-7 November 2018.</li> <li>Cabello-Leiva, S., M.T. Berti, A. Peterson, D. Samarappuli, S. Podder, B. Andersen, and A. Wittenberg. Cover crops decreased soil N-NO3 prior to sugarbeet production in the northern Great Plains. ASA-CSSA International Annual Meetings, Baltimore, MD, 4-7 November 2018.</li> <li>Andersen, B. and M.T. Berti. 2018. Faba bean (Vicia faba) as a cover crop, intercrop and late-season forage in the Midwest. ASA-CSSA International Annual Meetings, Baltimore, MD, 4-7 November 2018.</li> <li>Franco J.G., Beamer K.P., and Gramig G.G. 2018. Multi-species and monoculture cover crop productivity under contrasting management systems and climates in the northern Great Plains. American Society of Agronomy Annual Meeting. November 4-7, Baltimore, MD.</li> <li>Jacobs, J. 2018. Improving Efficiency with Intercropping. NDSU Fall Conference. Fargo, ND. October 23-25.</li> <li>Peterson, A., M.T. Berti, D.P. Samarappuli, S. Cabello, B. Andersen, and S. Podder. 2018. Maximizing cover crop performance by interseeding cover crops into standing soybean. 30th Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Industrial Crops (AAIC). Pathway to commercialization of Industrial Crops. London, Ontario, Canada 23-26 September 2018.</li> <li>Berti, M.T., B.L. Johnson, H. Kandel, J. Ransom, A. Wick, D. Franzen, D. Ripplinger, J. Nowatzki, A. Peterson, M.S. Wells, A. Lenssen, S. Patel, R.W. Gesch, F. Forcella, and H. Matthees. 2018. CROPSYS-CAP- A novel management approach to increase productivity, resilience, and long-term sustainability of cropping systems in the northern Great Plains-Research Update. 30th Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Industrial Crops (AAIC). Pathway to commercialization of Industrial Crops. London, Ontario, Canada 23-26 September 2018.</li> <li>Wittenberg, A., M.T. Berti, D.P. Samarappuli, S. Cabello, B. Andersen, S. Podder, A. Peterson, and J.V. Anderson. 2018. Morphological characteristics of winter and summer biotypes of camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz.]. 30th Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Industrial Crops (AAIC). Pathway to commercialization of Industrial Crops. London, Ontario, Canada 23-26 September 2018.</li> <li>Anderson, J.V., A. Wittenberg, and M.T. Berti. 2018. Analysis of fatty acid profiles and percent oil and protein content in seeds of summer and winter-biotypes of Camelina sativa using near infrared spectroscopy. 30th Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Industrial Crops (AAIC). Pathway to commercialization of Industrial Crops. London, Ontario, Canada 23-26 September 2018.</li> <li>Delavarpour, N., J. Nowatzki, T. Bon, and S. Bajwa. 2018. Evaluations of a novel ultrasonic guidance system for cover crop planter grain cart. Annual International Meeting of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, Detroit, MI 30-31 July, 2018.</li> <li>Kandel, H. 2018. How can we incorporate cover crops into the farming system? Challenges and opportunities. Soil Health Workshop. Langdon, ND, 11 April 2018. (17 participants).</li> <li>Landblom, D. G., S. Senturklu, and L. Cihacek. 2018. From land degradation to soil health education. European Geoscience Union annual meeting, Vienna, Austria, Abstract No. EGU2018-522</li> <li>Senturklu, S., D. G. Landblom, and L. Cihacek. 2018. Effect of drought on yield, soil microbial biomass, C:N ratio, water infiltration, wind Erodibility, water stable aggregates, and nitrogen mineralization in an integrated Crop-Livestock System. European Geoscience Union annual meeting, Vienna, Austria, Abstract No. EGU2018-9244</li> <li>Franco JG, Beamer KP, Gramig GG. 2018. Cover crop-weed dynamics in two contrasting management systems in the northern Great Plains. Western Society of Weed Science Annual Meeting. March 12 - March 15, 2018 Garden Grove, CA.</li> <li>Berti, M.T. 2018. Alfalfa-corn intercropping. Midwest Cover Crops Council Annual Conference, Fargo 13-14 March 2018.</li> <li>Cihacek, L. J., D. L. Landblom, and S. Senturklu. 2018. A place for cover crops in integrated crop-grazing systems. Midwest Cover Crops Council Annual Conference, Fargo 13-14 March 2018.</li> <li>Landblom, D. G. and S. Senturklu. Economics of grazing cover crops in a diverse crop rotation. Midwest Cover Crop Council annual meeting, Fargo, ND, March 14, 2018.</li> <li>Peterson, A., M.T. Berti, D. Samarappuli, B. Andersen, S. Cabello, and S. Podder. 2018. Maximizing cover crop performance by interseeding into standing soybean. Midwest Cover Crops Council Annual Conference, Fargo 13-14 March 2018.</li> <li>Andersen, B., M.T. Berti, D. Samarappuli, A. Peterson, S. Cabello, and S. Podder. 2018. Faba bean (Vicia faba ) as cover crop, intercrop, and late-season forage. Midwest Cover Crops Council Annual Conference, Fargo 13-14 March 2018.</li> <li>Cabello, S., M.T. Berti, D. Samarappuli, B. Andersen, A. Peterson, and S. Podder. 2018. Cover crops decrease soil nitrogen (N-NO3) previous sugarbeet production in the northern Great Plains. Midwest Cover Crops Council Annual Conference, Fargo, ND, 13-14 March 2018.</li> <li>Franzen, D. 2018. Nutrient cycling in cover crops. Midwest Cover Crops Council Annual Conference, Fargo, ND, 13-14 March 2018.</li> <li>Wick, A.F. 2018.Tips from on-farm cover crop trials. Midwest Cover Crops Council Annual Conference, Fargo, ND, 13-14 March 2018.</li> <li>Wick, A.F., C. Gasch, L.Briese, T. Wehlander, and A. Hohenhause. Approaches for Cover Crops and Soil Health. Commodity Classic, Anaheim, CA, 28 February 2018.</li> <li>Wick, A.F. and J. DeJong-Hughes. Soil health session. Advanced crop advisors workshop, Fargo, ND. 14 February 2018.</li> <li>Camargo Silva, G. and E.R. Haramoto. Influence of cover crops on soybean canopy development.  National Conference on Undergraduate Research.  Kennesaw, GA, April 2019.</li> <li>Haramoto, E.R., C.J. Lowry, R. Pearce. The Interaction Between Cover Crops and Herbicide Programs on Weed Management in Tobacco. 59th Annual Meeting, Weed Science Society of America.  New Orleans, LA, February 2019.  Abstract 133.</li> <li>Stanton, T. and E.R. Haramoto. Effect of Cover Crop Biomass on the Summer Annual Weed Density and Biomass in Soybean.  59th Annual Meeting, Weed Science Society of America.  New Orleans, LA, February 2019.  Abstract 135.</li> <li>Collins, R. and E.R. Haramoto. Role of Cover Cropping and Herbicide Use on Marestail Control: A Regional Perspective. 73rd Annual Meeting, North Central Weed Science Society. Milwaukee, WI, December 2018. Abstract 77.</li> <li>Haramoto, E.R. "Cover Crop Lite" Reduces Summer Annual Weed Density and Biomass in Soybean. 73rd Annual Meeting, North Central Weed Science Society. Milwaukee, WI, December 2018.  Abstract 78</li> <li>Rains, L.J., K.L. Gage, E.R. Haramoto, R. Smeda, A. Dille. Characterizing Horseweed Emergence Patterns from Populations Across Four States.  73rd Annual Meeting, North Central Weed Science Society. Milwaukee, WI, December 2018.  Abstract 81</li> <li>Sherman, A.D. and E.R. Haramoto. Hindering Horseweed: An Integrated Approach for Soybeans in Kentucky. 73rd Annual Meeting, North Central Weed Science Society. Milwaukee, WI, December 2018. Abstract 133</li> <li>Haramoto, E.R. and B. Pearce. Cover crop utilization influences weed management potential.  58th Annual Meeting, Weed Science Society of America.  Arlington, VA, January 2018.  Abstract 101</li> </ol>   Extension Publications <ol> <li>Zuber, S. and E. Kladivko. 2018. How to understand and interpret soil health tests. AY-366-W. https://mdc.itap.purdue.edu/item.asp?Item_Number=AY-366-W</li> <li>Kladivko, E., S. Armstrong, and A. Morrow. 2018. Indiana Cover Crop Recipe: Post corn, going to Soybean: Use cereal rye. Published by Midwest Cover Crops Council and Purdue Extension. MCCC-100; Purdue AY-356-W. https://edustore.purdue.edu/item.asp?Item_Number=AY-356-W</li> <li>Kladivko, E., S. Armstrong, and A. Morrow. 2018. Indiana Cover Crop Recipe: Post soybean, going to corn: Use oats/radish. Published by Midwest Cover Crops Council and Purdue Extension. MCCC-101; Purdue AY-357-W <a href="https://edustore.purdue.edu/item.asp?Item_Number=AY-357-W">https://edustore.purdue.edu/item.asp?Item_Number=AY-357-W</a></li> <li>Becker, S. 27 December 2018. Calculating the Real Numbers Behind Cover Crops. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2018/12/calculating-the-real-numbers-behind-grazing-cover-crops/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2018/12/calculating-the-real-numbers-behind-grazing-cover-crops/</a></li> <li>Bower, A. 9 February 2018. Shared Learning Calls: Have You Participated Yet? Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/02/09/upcoming-shared-learning-calls/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/02/09/upcoming-shared-learning-calls/</a></li> <li>Bower, A. 19 February 2018. Fool Proof Frost Seeding Legumes in the Small Grain Year. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/02/19/fool-proof-frost-seeding-small-grain-year/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/02/19/fool-proof-frost-seeding-small-grain-year/</a></li> <li>Bower, A. 21 February 2018. Eight Planter Adjustments for Planting into Cover Crop Residue. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/02/21/eight-planter-adjustments-planting-cover-crop-residue/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/02/21/eight-planter-adjustments-planting-cover-crop-residue/</a></li> <li>Bower, A. 13 June 2018. Five Goals and Five Challenges to Select a Summer Cover Crop. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/06/13/five-goals-and-five-challenges-to-select-a-summer-cover-crop/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/06/13/five-goals-and-five-challenges-to-select-a-summer-cover-crop/</a></li> <li>Bower, A. 11 April 2018. Field Day Recap: Cover Crops for Corn and Soybeans – Don Elsbernd. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/11/field-day-recap-cover-crops-for-corn-and-soybeans-don-elsbernd/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/11/field-day-recap-cover-crops-for-corn-and-soybeans-don-elsbernd/</a></li> <li>Bower, A. 5 April 2018. New to Cover Crops Before Corn? Steve Berger Shares Tips for Success. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/05/new-to-cover-crops-before-corn-steve-berger-shares-tips-for-success/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/05/new-to-cover-crops-before-corn-steve-berger-shares-tips-for-success/</a></li> <li>Bower, A. 26 September 2018. Sign Up for 2018 Small Grains Cost Share. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/09/26/sign-up-for-2018-small-grains-cost-share/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/09/26/sign-up-for-2018-small-grains-cost-share/</a></li> <li>Bower, A. 16 August 2018. 2018 Cover Crop Directory – Bigger than Ever! Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/08/16/2018-cover-crop-directory-bigger-than-ever/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/08/16/2018-cover-crop-directory-bigger-than-ever/</a></li> <li>Bower, A. 18 October 2018. Delayed Planting for Winter Small Grains. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2018/10/delayed-planting-for-winter-small-grains/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2018/10/delayed-planting-for-winter-small-grains/</a></li> <li>Bower, A. 25 September 2018. Stay on the Right Side of the Law When Selling Cover Crop Seed. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2018/09/stay-on-the-right-side-of-the-law-when-selling-cover-crop-seed/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2018/09/stay-on-the-right-side-of-the-law-when-selling-cover-crop-seed/</a></li> <li>Bower, A. 2018. Corn Following a Cover Crop. The Practical Farmer, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Bower, A. 2018. Conservation and Community. The Practical Farmer, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Carlson, S. 26 April 2018. 3 Steps to Extend Crop Insurance Deadline for Cover Crop Termination. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/26/three-steps-to-extend-crop-insurance-deadline-for-cover-crop-termination/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/26/three-steps-to-extend-crop-insurance-deadline-for-cover-crop-termination/</a></li> <li>Carlson, S. 17 September 2018. Don’t Farm Naked This Fall: Get Paid $10/A to Add Cover Crops.  Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at  <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/09/17/dont-farm-naked-this-fall-get-paid-10-a-to-add-cover-crops/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/09/17/dont-farm-naked-this-fall-get-paid-10-a-to-add-cover-crops/</a></li> <li>Carlson, S. 13 August 2018. Small Grains, Modest Gains: A Pragmatic Approach.” Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/08/13/small-grains-modest-gains-a-pragmatic-approach/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/08/13/small-grains-modest-gains-a-pragmatic-approach/</a></li> <li>Comito, J., B. Case Haub, and M.A. Licht. Rapid needs assessment and response technique. Journal of Extension. 56(2) Article 2TOT1. Available at: <a href="https://www.joe.org/joe/2018april/tt1.php">https://www.joe.org/joe/2018april/tt1.php</a></li> <li>Filbert, M. 2018. Economic Impact of Grazing Cover Crops in Cow-Calf Operations. Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/farmer-knowledge/research-reports/2018/economic-impact-grazing-cover-crops-cow-calf-operations/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/farmer-knowledge/research-reports/2018/economic-impact-grazing-cover-crops-cow-calf-operations/</a></li> <li>Filbert, M. 8 February 2018. RESEARCH REPORT: Economic Impact of Grazing Cover Crops in Cow-Calf Operations. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/02/08/research-report-economic-impact-of-grazing-cover-crops-in-cow-calf-operations/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/02/08/research-report-economic-impact-of-grazing-cover-crops-in-cow-calf-operations/</a></li> <li>Filbert, M., Bower A., and Ohde, N. 21 February 2018. Wildlife and Continuous Living Cover: What Does the Research Say? Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/02/21/wildlife-continuous-living-cover-research-say/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/02/21/wildlife-continuous-living-cover-research-say/</a></li> <li>Filbert, M. 27 April 2018. Field Day Recap: Grazing Cover Crops – Zak Kennedy.”  Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/27/field-day-recap-grazing-cover-crops-zak-kennedy/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/27/field-day-recap-grazing-cover-crops-zak-kennedy/</a></li> <li>Filbert, M. 25 April 2018. Field Day Recap: Grazing Cover Crops – Bill Frederick, Dusty Farnsworth, and James Holz. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/25/field-day-recap-grazing-cover-crops-bill-frederick-dusty-farnsworth-and-james-holz/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/25/field-day-recap-grazing-cover-crops-bill-frederick-dusty-farnsworth-and-james-holz/</a></li> <li>Filbert, M. 29 November 2018. Join a PFI Grazing Group. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2018/11/join-a-pfi-grazing-group/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2018/11/join-a-pfi-grazing-group/</a></li> <li>Filbert, M. 2018. Putting a Value on Cover Crop Forage. The Practical Farmer, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Gailans, S. 2018. Corn Leaf Architecture for Interseeding Cover Crops. Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/farmer-knowledge/research-reports/2018/corn-leaf-architecture-interseeded-cover-crops/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/farmer-knowledge/research-reports/2018/corn-leaf-architecture-interseeded-cover-crops/</a></li> <li>Gailans, S. 2018. Spring-Seeded Cover Crops Ahead of Soybeans. Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/farmer-knowledge/research-reports/2018/spring-seeded-cover-crops-ahead-soybeans/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/farmer-knowledge/research-reports/2018/spring-seeded-cover-crops-ahead-soybeans/</a></li> <li>Gailans, S. 2018. Underseeded vs. Mid-Summer-Seeded Green Manures for Corn. Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/farmer-knowledge/research-reports/2018/underseeded-vs-mid-summer-seeded-green-manures-corn/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/farmer-knowledge/research-reports/2018/underseeded-vs-mid-summer-seeded-green-manures-corn/</a></li> <li>Gailans, S. 2018. The Cash in Cover Crops. The Practical Farmer, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Gailans, S. 2018. Connecting Farmers & Researchers: Tea bag soil health project continues a collaborative tradition. The Practical Farmer, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Gailans, S. 2018. Testing Solutions for Cover Crops in Iowa. The Practical Farmer, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Gailans, S. 11 September 2018. Field Day Recap: Cover Crops and On-Farm Conservation with Dennis Carney. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/09/11/field-day-recap-cover-crops-and-on-farm-conservation-with-dennis-carney/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/09/11/field-day-recap-cover-crops-and-on-farm-conservation-with-dennis-carney/</a></li> <li>Gailans, S. 6 July 2018. Field Day Recap: Thinking Outside the Box With Cover Crops. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/07/06/field-day-recap-thinking-outside-the-box-with-cover-crops/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/07/06/field-day-recap-thinking-outside-the-box-with-cover-crops/</a></li> <li>Gailans S. 26 June 2018. Field Day Recap: Wows and Woes of Diversifying with Cover Crops and Small Grains. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/06/26/field-day-recap-wows-and-woes-of-diversifying-with-cover-crops-and-small-grains/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/06/26/field-day-recap-wows-and-woes-of-diversifying-with-cover-crops-and-small-grains/</a></li> <li>Gailans, S. 16 January 2018. RESEARCH REPORT: Corn Leaf Architecture for Interseeded Cover Crops. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/01/16/research-report-corn-leaf-architecture-for-interseeded-cover-crops/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/01/16/research-report-corn-leaf-architecture-for-interseeded-cover-crops/</a></li> <li>Gailans, S. 17 January 2018. RESEARCH REPORT: Spring-Seeded Cover Crops Ahead of Soybeans. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/01/17/research-report-spring-seeded-cover-crops-ahead-of-soybeans/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/01/17/research-report-spring-seeded-cover-crops-ahead-of-soybeans/</a></li> <li>Gailans, S. 4 April 2018. Field Day Recap: Cover Crops for Corn and Soybeans – Josh Nelson & Austin Charlson. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/04/field-day-recap-cover-crops-for-corn-and-soybeans-josh-nelson-austin-charlson/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/04/field-day-recap-cover-crops-for-corn-and-soybeans-josh-nelson-austin-charlson/</a></li> <li>Gailans, S. 5 April 2018. Field Day Recap: Cover Crops for Corn and Soybeans – Mike Jackson. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/04/field-day-recap-cover-crops-for-corn-and-beans-michael-jackson/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/04/field-day-recap-cover-crops-for-corn-and-beans-michael-jackson/</a></li> <li>Iowa Learning Farms. <a href="https://iowalearningfarms.wordpress.com/tag/cover-crops/">43 blogs with a Cover Crop topic tag</a>. Blog, Iowa Learning Farms, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Jones, T. 5 December 2018. Field Day Recap: Expanding Conservation with Cover Crops, Livestock and Small Grains.” Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at  <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2018/12/expanding-conservation-with-cover-crops-livestock-and-small-grains-at-akr-farm-near-dayton/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2018/12/expanding-conservation-with-cover-crops-livestock-and-small-grains-at-akr-farm-near-dayton/</a></li> <li>Kooima, S. 26 July 2018. Field Day Recap: Cover Crops & Soil Health at the Grundy County Fair. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/07/26/field-day-recap-cover-crops-soil-health-at-the-grundy-county-fair/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/07/26/field-day-recap-cover-crops-soil-health-at-the-grundy-county-fair/</a></li> <li>Lane, R. 5 April 2018. Field Day Recap: Cover Crops for Corn and Soybeans hosted by Clark Thompson.” Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/05/field-day-recap-cover-crops-for-corn-and-soybeans-hosted-by-clark-thompson/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/04/05/field-day-recap-cover-crops-for-corn-and-soybeans-hosted-by-clark-thompson/</a></li> <li>Licht M., Juchems L., Comito J., Helmers M., and Carlson S. 2018. Demonstrating Cover Crop Mixtures on Iowa Farmland: Management, Soil Health, and Water Quality Benefits. Armstrong Research and Demonstration Farm Research Progress Report, Iowa State University, Ames, IA. Available: <a href="https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/farmprogressreports/vol2017/iss1/32">https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/farmprogressreports/vol2017/iss1/32</a></li> <li>Licht M., Juchems L., Comito J., Helmers M., and Carlson S. 2018. Demonstrating Cover Crop Mixtures on Iowa Farmland: Management, Soil Health, and Water Quality Benefits. Northeast Research and Demonstration Farm Research Progress Report, Iowa State University, Ames, IA. Available: <a href="https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/farmprogressreports/vol2017/iss1/32">https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/farmprogressreports/vol2017/iss1/32</a></li> <li>Licht M., Juchems L., Comito J., Helmers M., and Carlson S. 2018. Demonstrating Cover Crop Mixtures on Iowa Farmland: Management, Soil Health, and Water Quality Benefits. Northern Research and Demonstration Farm Research Progress Report, Iowa State University, Ames, IA. Available: <a href="https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/farmprogressreports/vol2017/iss1/32">https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/farmprogressreports/vol2017/iss1/32</a></li> <li>Licht M., Juchems L., Comito J., Helmers M., and Carlson S. 2108 Demonstrating Cover Crop Mixtures on Iowa Farmland: Management, Soil Health, and Water Quality Benefits. Southeast Research and Demonstration Farm Research Progress Report, Iowa State University, Ames, IA. Available: <a href="https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/farmprogressreports/vol2017/iss1/32">https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/farmprogressreports/vol2017/iss1/32</a></li> <li>Ohde, N. 17 January 2018. Frost Seeding Red Clover into Winter Small Grains. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/01/17/frost-seeding-red-clover-into-winter-small-grains/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/blog/2018/01/17/frost-seeding-red-clover-into-winter-small-grains/</a></li> <li>Patel, S., Lenssen A.W., Moore K.J., Berti J.T., Gesch R.W., and Matthees H.L. 2018. Integrating oilseed cash cover crops in a corn and soybean rotation system in Iowa. Midwest Cover Crop Council annual meeting. 13-14 March 2018. Fargo, ND. Poster and abstract</li> <li>Patel, S., Lenssen A.W., Moore K.J., and Berti M.T. 2018. Management and productivity of corn and alfalfa intercropping. ASA-CSSA-SSSA annual international meetings, 2-4 November 2018. Baltimore, MD.</li> <li>Plastina, J. and Carlson, S. 9 March 2018. Economics of Cover Crops. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/faculty/plastina/presentations/Plastina-180309.pdf">http://www2.econ.iastate.edu/faculty/plastina/presentations/Plastina-180309.pdf</a></li> <li>Practical Farmers of Iowa. 2018. Winter Cereal Rye Cover Crop Effect on Cash Crop Yield: Year 10. . Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/18.FC_.CC.Winter_Rye_Effect_on_Yield_Year_10.pdf">https://practicalfarmers.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/18.FC_.CC.Winter_Rye_Effect_on_Yield_Year_10.pdf</a></li> <li>Practical Farmers of Iowa. 2018. Photo Feature: 2018 Spring Cover Crop Field Days. The Practical Farmer, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Practical Farmers of Iowa. 2018. Innovating for Profit in Extended Rotations: Oats, Triticale, and custom machinery on James Asmus’ farm. The Practical Farmer, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Staudt, A. and Kaspar, T. 25 January 2018. <a href="http://conservationchat.libsyn.com/cc-38-earthworms-and-cover-crops-with-ann-staudt-and-dr-tom-kaspar">Earthworms and Cover Crops</a>. Podcast, Conservation Chat, Iowa Learning Farms, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Tetrick, J. 2018. Teaming Up to Diversify: Cereal rye finds a good fit during organic transition. The Practical Farmer, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Worley, S. 27 September 2018. Field Day Recap: Cover Crops + Small Grains = A Perfect Pair for Soil Health and Water Quality. Practical Farmers Blog, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2018/09/field-day-recap-cover-crops-small-grains-a-perfect-pair-for-soil-health-and-water-quality/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2018/09/field-day-recap-cover-crops-small-grains-a-perfect-pair-for-soil-health-and-water-quality/</a></li> <li>Ostlie, M. 2018. Fact sheet: Cover crop safety following wheat herbicide application</li> <li>Kandel, H. NDSU Extension Sets Cover Crop Field Day (Fargo). https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/news/newsreleases/2018/aug-27-2018/ndsu-extension-sets-cover-crop-field-day</li> <li>Kandel, H., A. Wick and M. Berti. NDSU Extension Sets Cover Crop Field Day (Rutland)</li> <li>Kandel, H. 2018. Cover crop field day NDSU campus. Crop Pest Report 30 August, No 16:7.</li> <li>Wick, A., and H. Kandel. NDSU Extension Cover Crop Field Day. Cover Crops Pest Report 16 August, no. 15:5.</li> <li>Kandel, H. 2018. Cover crops Planted during the summer. Cover Crops Pest Report 19 July 2018 no. 12:5.</li> <li>Berti, M.T. and H. Kandel. Extension cover crop field day August 28. Morning AgClips Farming News, Harvested Daily. August 20, 2018.</li> <li>Berti, M.T. and M.S. Wells. Research update field day. Morning AgClips Farming News, Harvested Daily. September 10, 2018 at https://www.morningagclips.com/ndsu-extension-cover-crop-field-day-sept-18/</li> <li>Berti M.T. and A.W. Wick. 2018. Avoiding another year of ‘snirt’. Country Guide. October 31, 2018.</li> <li>Berti M.T. 2018. Seven soil health takeaways. Dakota Farmer. October 23, 2018</li> <li>Berti, M.T., 2018. Alfalfa-corn intercropping may increase forage and improve soil health. North Dakota Research Report. Forage Focus, December 2018, p. 17.</li> <li>Cihacek, L., D. G. Landblom, S. Senturklu. Effect of the cropping system on soil physical properties in an integrated crop and livestock system. In DREC annual report - https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/DickinsonREC/annual-reports-1/2017-annual-report/effects-of-cropping-syst-on-soil-phys-prop-in-an.pdf</li> <li>Landblom, D. G. and S. Senturklu. 2018. Ward laboratories microbial and traditional soil health analysis. In DREC annual report -</li> <li>https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/DickinsonREC/annual-reports-1/2017-annual-report/ward-laboratories-microbial-and-traditional-soil.pdf</li> <li>Senturklu, S., D. G. Landblom, and S. I. Paisley. 2018. Effect of bale grazing following annual forage sequence grazing on steer grazing and feedlot performance, muscling ratio, carcass measurements, and carcass value. In DREC annual report -<a href="https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/DickinsonREC/annual-reports-1/2017-annual-report/2018-steer-bale-grazing-annual-rpt-v5-senturklu.pdf">https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/DickinsonREC/annual-reports-1/2017-annual-report/2018-steer-bale-grazing-annual-rpt-v5-senturklu.pdf</a></li> <li>Pearce, B., A. Bailey (eds). 2018-2019 Burley and Dark Tobacco Production Guide.  ID-160.  University of Kentucky College of Agriculture Food and Environment.</li> <li>Shockley, J. Determining the cost of cover crops (web tool in development)</li> <li>Cahoon, C., S. Culpepper, M. Flessner, J. Gaskin, E.R. Haramoto, A. Price, M. Reiter and W. Vencill. How should I terminate my cover crop?  Fact sheet for Southern Cover Crops Council.  Available online at: https://southerncovercrops.org/cover-crop-resource-guide/row-crops/coastal-plain/planting-cash-crops/how-should-i-terminate-my-cover-crop/</li> <li>Smith, R. and C. Teutsch Using cover crops for grazing cattle.</li> <li>Smith R. and C. Teutsch Grazing cover crops</li> </ol>   Extension videos and webinars <ol> <li>Berges, S. 20 June 2018. <a href="http://connect.extension.iastate.edu/prut43yftrmf/">Leaving a Conservation Legacy: How to Include Conservation in a Farm Lease and Document Your Conservation Goals</a>. Webinar, Iowa Learning Farms, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Brown, C. 16 May 2018. <a href="https://connect.extension.iastate.edu/p19dud4aq5ez/?launcher=false&fcsContent=true&pbMode=normal">Cover Crops as Part of the Farm Lease Arrangement</a>. Webinar, Iowa Learning Farms, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Carlson, S. 11 January 2018. Data and Science of Cover Crops. Webinar to NWF Cover Crop Champions. Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Deen, B. 6 February 2018. Red Clover: Still the ‘Cadillac’ of Cover Crops. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/farmer-knowledge/farminar-archive/red-clover-still-cadillac-cover-crops/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/farmer-knowledge/farminar-archive/red-clover-still-cadillac-cover-crops/</a></li> <li>Doudlah, M. Cover Crops & Crop Rotations in Organic. 2018 Annual Conference, Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pDpklMafZRI">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pDpklMafZRI</a></li> <li>Ehrhardt, R. 7 December 2018. Grazing Cover Crops with Sheep. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2018/12/grazing-cover-crops-with-sheep/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2018/12/grazing-cover-crops-with-sheep/</a></li> <li>Ewolt, R. and Marston, J. 6 March 2018. Planter Technology for Cash Crops in Cover Crops. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.practicalfarmers.org/farmer-knowledge/farminar-archive/planter-technology-cash-crops-cover-crops/">https://www.practicalfarmers.org/farmer-knowledge/farminar-archive/planter-technology-cash-crops-cover-crops/</a></li> <li>Helmers, M. 14 November 2018. <a href="https://vimeo.com/user42671352/review/300838394/1fec8ac637">Conservation Learning Labs: Evaluating Nutrient Reduction Practice Implementation at the Delivery Scale</a>. Webinar, Iowa Learning Farms, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Kuhn, K. 19 September 2018. <a href="https://vimeo.com/user42671352/review/290760563/4af1a07b69">Benefits of Conservation Planning to Farmers, Landowners and Society</a>. Webinar, Iowa Learning Farms, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Licht, M. 12 December 2018. <a href="https://vimeo.com/user42671352/review/306037222/0d9e5cf74f">#NoTillb4Beans and #CoverYourBeans: Highlighting Field Performance Improvements and Nutrient Reduction Strategy Gains</a>. Webinar, Iowa Learning Farms, Ames, IA.</li> <li>McDaniel, M. 15 August 2018. <a href="https://vimeo.com/user42671352/review/285155397/ced041e967">Decomposition of Tea as a Low-Cost, Scientifically-Robust Soil Health Indicator</a>. Webinar, Iowa Learning Farms, Ames, IA.</li> <li>McDaniels M. Using Tea Bags to Assess Soil. 2018 Annual Conference, Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u-I9-pNE46U">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u-I9-pNE46U</a></li> <li>Practical Farmers of Iowa. Cover Crops & Weed Control. Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=avV2PUcixv8">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=avV2PUcixv8</a></li> <li>Practical Farmers of Iowa. 21 September 2018. Fred Abels on Growing Cereal Rye for Silage Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://youtu.be/dsunZmNI7oo">https://youtu.be/dsunZmNI7oo</a></li> <li>Robertson, A. 21 February 2018. <a href="https://connect.extension.iastate.edu/p1na6dhmtnut/?launcher=false&fcsContent=true&pbMode=normal">Who Knew? Cover Crops, Corn, and Water Molds</a>. Webinar, Iowa Learning Farms, Ames, IA.</li> <li>Wick, A.F. 2018. Soil Health Minute: Steve Groff Interview, AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xNn_nJg8fAs">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xNn_nJg8fAs</a> (20 views).</li> <li>Wick, A.F. 2018. Soil Health Minute: Steve Groff Interview (extended version), AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=awNkNdsxxP0">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=awNkNdsxxP0</a> (117 views).</li> <li>Wick, A.F. 2018. Soil Health Minute: Rye into Corn Followup, AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZdhO5xQ-1J8">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZdhO5xQ-1J8</a> (135 views)</li> <li>Wick, A.F. 2018. Soil Health Minute: A Talk with Soil Science Expert Ray Weil (long web version), AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7DtYq25g9UI">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7DtYq25g9UI</a> (352 views)</li> <li>Wick, A.F. 2018. Soil Health Minute: A Talk with Soil Science Expert Ray Weil (short TV version), AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRvx7-kS6U8">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRvx7-kS6U8</a> (65 views)</li> <li>Wick, A.F. 2018. Soil Health Minute: Soil Health Panel at the Northern Corn and Soybean Expo (short TV version), AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojD7ptsRD9g">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojD7ptsRD9g</a> (81 views)</li> <li>Wick, A.F. 2018. Soil Health Minute: Soil Health Panel Interview from the 2018 North Dakota Corn and Soybean Expo (long web version), AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ULFWiLMfqps">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ULFWiLMfqps</a> (147 views)</li> <li>Wick, A.F., 2018. Flying On Cover Crops into Soybean. Extension Education Video, InHouse Productions, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oTQulwMUujc">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oTQulwMUujc</a> (191 views)</li> <li>Wick, A.F., 2018. NDSU Evaluating Cover Crops in Rotation. Extension Education Video, InHouse Productions, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yOQOvYc_W9I">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yOQOvYc_W9I</a> (205 views)</li> <li>Wick, A.F., 2018. Cover Crops Interseeded into Corn. Extension Education Video, InHouse Productions, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6afGyxraH2g">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6afGyxraH2g</a> (727 views)</li> <li>Wick, A.F., 2018. Cover Crops Flown on into Soybean. Extension Education Video, InHouse Productions, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HDdqVqG2Isk">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HDdqVqG2Isk</a> (459 views)</li> <li>Wick, A.F., 2018. Soil Health Practices to Improve Trafficability. Extension Education Video, InHouse Productions, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mVxDCqNoRC8">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mVxDCqNoRC8</a> (347 views)</li> </ol>   <h2>Research grants</h2> <ol> <li>Comito J. Iowa Learning Farms: Building a Culture of Conservation-Farmer to Farmer: Iowan to Iowan, Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship. $366,958. 1 January 2019 – 31 December 2021.</li> <li>Comito J. Putting it Together: An Innovative Approach to Increasing Iowa’s Conservation Infrastructure, USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service. $408,463. 1 August 2018 – 1 November 2022.</li> <li>Licht M., Robertson A., Hartzler R., Hodgson E., and Lenssen A. Corn management following cereal rye cover crop with strip tillage and in-row fertilization. Iowa Nutrient Research Center. $114,822. 2018 – 2020.</li> <li>Robertson A., Licht M., Hartzler R., Hodgson E., Lenssen A., McDaniel M., Moorman T., and Plastina A. Improving cereal rye cover crop BMPs to increase adoption of cover crops by Iowa farmers. Iowa Nutrient Research Center. $348,422. 2018 – 2020.</li> <li>Robertson A., Lenssen A., and Moorman T. Influence of spatial planting arrangement of a winter cereal rye cover crop on corn productivity. Iowa Nutrient Research Center. $68,000. 2018 – 2020.</li> <li>Presley, DeAnn, and Peter Tomlinson. Soil Health Monitoring Network - On-Site Data Collection. USDA-National Soil Survey Center. $200,000. 10/1/2017 to 9/30/2019.</li> <li>Nelson, Nathan, Gerard Kluitenberg, Peter Tomlinson, and DeAnn Presley. Protecting Surface Water with Healthy Soils and Cover Crops. USDA-NRCS National Conservation Innovation Grant. $468,599. 9/30/2016 to 9/29/2019.</li> <li>Berti, M.T. and G. Yan. ND soybean council and SBARe soybean. 7/2019-6/2020.$32,489 Reducing soybean cyst nematode with brown mustard and winter camelina.</li> <li>Berti, M.T., A. Wick and K. Sedivec. NC-SARE, 10/1/2018-9/30/2020, $74,555. Cover crops and forage grazing training program in North Dakota</li> <li>Berti, M.T. NC-Sungrant, 7/1/2018-6/30/2019, $43,692. Identifying energy sorghum cultivars with chilling tolerance and quality characteristics as a feedstock for energy,</li> <li>Berti, M. and J.V. Anderson. USDA-NACA7/1/2018-6/30/2019, $20,000. Evaluation of ecosystem services provided by Camelina sativa as a cover crop for northern climates,</li> <li>Berti, M.T. A. Peltier, and P. Glogoza. Minnesota soybean growers, 3/1/2018/1/4/2019. $27,826. Managing soybean cyst nematode with cover crops in Minnesota- year 1.</li> <li>Berti, M.T. A. Peltier. Minnesota soybean growers, 3/1/2019/1/4/2010. $21,065. Managing soybean cyst nematode with cover crops in Minnesota- year 2.</li> <li>Berti M.T., G. Yan. North Dakota Soybean Council/SBARE, 7/1/2018-6/30/2019. $29,340. Preceding and Interseeding Trap Crops into Standing Soybean to Reduce Soybean Cyst Nematode Population.</li> <li>Chaterjee, A., M.T. Berti. Sugarbeet Research and Education, 3/1/2018-2/28/2019. $26,140. Adopting cover crops in sugarbeet production systems.</li> <li>Daigh, A., J. DeJong-Hughes, and A. Wick. ND Soybean Council,2018-2019. $62,635. Maximizing Soil Warming and Health Under Different Tillage Practices in a Corn-Soybean Rotation.</li> <li>Daigh, A., J. DeJong-Hughes, and A. Wick. ND Corn Council,2018-2019. $63,775. Maximizing Soil Warming and Health Under Different Tillage Practices in a Corn-Soybean Rotation.</li> <li>Daigh, A., C. Gasch, F. Casey, T. DeSutter, A. Wick, D. Ritchison, D. Clay, C. Reese. NRCS CIG, 2017-2020, $999,327. Cover Crops and No-Tillage Enhance Soil Water Management in Frigid Northern Great Plains Soils.</li> <li>Endres, G., K. Howatt, and M. Ostlie.. ND Soybean Council $14,700. 2019-2020. Fall-seeded cover crop tolerance to soybean herbicides.</li> <li>Endres, G. and M. Ostlie. ND Soybean Council. $8000. FY2019. Soybean response to selected plant nutrition inputs and rye as a cover/companion crop.</li> <li>Endres, G. and M. Ostlie. Northarvest Bean Growers Association. $15,500. 2018. Evaluation of selected plant establishment factors and nutrition treatments in dry bean.</li> <li>Franzen, D., C. Gasch, A. Wick. 2019-2021, ND Corn Council, $23,129. Change in Free-Living N-Fixer Activity for Reduction of Corn N Rate Over Time with No-Till Transition.</li> <li>Gasch, C., A. Wick, J. Harmon, T. DeSutter. ND soybean council and ND corn council. 7/2017-6/2018. $90,242. Managing salinity with cover crops: a whole system response.</li> <li>Gasch, C., A. Wick, J. Harmon, T. DeSutter. ND soybean council and ND corn council. 7/2018-6/2019. $109,130 Managing salinity with cover crops: a whole system response – year 2.</li> <li>Gasch, C., A. Wick, J. Harmon, T. DeSutter. ND soybean council and ND corn council. 7/2018-2/2019 $115,803. Managing salinity with cover crops: a whole system response – year 3.</li> <li>Goos, R. J., and E. Eriksmoen. North Dakota Soybean Council. $33,785.  1 July 2018-30 June 2019.Water Stress Development and Mitigation in West Central ND. </li> <li>Gramig, G. ND Specialty Crop Block Grant Program (USDA-NIFA). 10/1/2017- 9/30/2019. $96,595.00. Combining cover crops, strip tillage, and novel mulches to manage weeds in vegetable cropping systems.</li> <li>Hovick, T., M. Ostlie, B. Geaumont, J. Harmon, R. Limb. 2019-2020. $127,376 Enhancing dry bean production with adjacent pollinator habitats: Quantifying the range and extent of benefits.</li> <li>Ostlie, M., B. Neville, D. Steele, D. Landblom, J. Teboh. J. Lemer, M. Berg, E. Aberle, S. Zwinger, S. Yuja. NC-SARE. 2019-2021. $199,985. Whole system approach to integrated crop/livestock production to enhance soil health and profitability of cropping and livestock systems in the Northern Great Plains.</li> <li>Yuja, S., J. Teboh, G. Endres, S. Zwinger, and E. Aberle. ND soybean council. 2019. $14,550. Determining rye safety to soybeans with soil moisture status</li> <li>Wick, A., F. Casey, C. Gasch, A. Daigh., ND Corn Council, 2019-2021. $167,290. Research and Extension Efforts at the Soil Health and Agriculture Research Extension (SHARE) Farm.</li> <li>Wick, A., F. Casey, C. Gasch, A. Daigh. 2019-2020, ND Corn Council, $24,292. SHARE Farm North: Expanding Soil Health Building Research and Extension Efforts.</li> <li>Wick, A. ND Wheat Commission, 2018-2019. $30,000. Define Wheat Response to Salinity/Soil Health. 2018-2019</li> <li>Wick, A., F. Casey, D. Ripplinger, C. Gasch. ND Soybean Council, 2018-2019. $51,250</li> <li>Research and Extension Efforts at the Soil Health and Agriculture Research Extension (SHARE) Farm (Year 6).</li> <li>Wick, A., C. Gasch. NCR-SARE, 2017-2019. $29,488. Adoption of Cover Crops to Build Soil Health in the Northern Plains (Continuation).</li> <li>Murdock, L. Numerous commodity board sources.  Fragipan remediation using cover crops.  $28,000</li> <li>McNear, D., J. Grove, J. McGrath. 2016-2020.  AFRI NIFA Microbial Communities Program.  Rhizosphere priming effects on legacy organic phosphorus in a winter wheat / corn rotation.  $499,400</li> <li>Proctor, C., M. Drewnoski, R. Elmore, S. Everhart, A. McMechan, J. Parsons, D. Redfearn, R. Werle, L. Lindsey, E. Haramoto, M. Salmeron. 2017-2019. USDA AFRI Foundational Knowledge of Agricultural Production Systems Priority area.  Optimizing cropping systems for resilience to stress: role of maturity group selection and cover crops on yield, weeds, insects, and microbes. $460,000</li> <li>Jacobsen, K., T. Woods, E. Haramoto, T. Phillips, A. Wszelaki, S. O’Connell. 2016-2019. Southern region Sustainable Agriculture Research and Extension. Cover crops under cover: evaluating costs, benefits, and ecosystem services of cover crops in year-round high tunnel production systems. $241,615</li> <li>Phillips, T. 2018-2019.  KY Small Grain Growers Association. Cereal rye breeding for cover crop improvement. $3000</li> <li>McGrath, J., H. Poffenbarger, M. Salmeron, E. Ritchey, M. Sama, J. Shockley. Kentucky Corn Growers’ Association. Nitrogen rate decision support for Kentucky corn grain production.  $215,451</li> <li>Czarnecki, J., B. Baker, J. Orlowski, J. Shockley. 2016-2019.  USDA-NIFA CARE. Quantifying the agronomic, economic, and environmental benefits of cover crops in Mid-South production systems.  $298,122</li> <li>Ritchey, E., J. McGrath, B. Lee, E. Haramoto, M. Coyne, J. Shockley. 2017-2019. USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service, Kentucky Office, State Conservation Innovation Grant program Providing a better understanding of cover crop – soil interactions. $75,000</li> <li>Haramoto, E. and H. Poffenbarger. 2018-19.  Kentucky Corn Growers’ Association.  Equipment modifications for planting into high-residue cover crops.  $4000</li> <li>Haramoto, E. and H. Poffenbarger. 2018-19.  Kentucky Small Grain Growers’ Association.  Investigating cereal rye varieties for improved cover crop performance.  $15,000</li> <li>Grove, J. and M. Coyne. 2018-19.  Soil health benefit from winter wheat in the rotation.  Kentucky Small Grain Growers’ Association.  2017-19.  $20,000</li> <li>Pighetti, G., others at University of Tennessee, S.R. Smith, J. Bewley, K. Burdine. 2015-2019.  USDA NIFA.  Developing science-based recommendations to efficiently manage forages, herd health, and productivity on organic dairies in the southeastern US.  $1,800,000.</li> <li>Collins, R. and E. Haramoto. 2018-19.  Southern SARE Graduate Student grant.  Improving sustainable weed management in soybean agroecosystems through cover cropping.  $16,491.</li> <li>Rittschof, C., E. Haramoto, and S. Rehan. 2018-2021.  Foundation for Food and Agricultural Research.  Can commodity crop weed management practices enhance bee abundance, diversity, and health on agricultural land?  $120,900</li> <li>Haramoto, E., K. Gage, R. Smeda, and A. Dille. 2017-2019. USDA NIFA Crop Protection and Pest Management program area. Integrated management techniques to combat potential shifts in horseweed emergence.    $325,000</li> <li>Haramoto, E., and JD Green. 2018-2019.  Kentucky Soybean Promotion Board.  Integrating cover crops and herbicides for marestail management prior to soybean.  $45,030</li> </ol>

Impact Statements

Cover crops will impact Midwest’s economy by improving soil health, nutrient cycling, productivity of grain and energy crops, reducing expensive nitrogen inputs, and increasing supply of supplemental summer and fall forage.

Date of Annual Report: 08/19/2020

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 02/11/2020 - 02/12/2020
Period the Report Covers: 03/01/2019 - 02/29/2020

Participants

Marisol Berti, North Dakota State University
Dean Baas, Michigan State University
Shalamar Armstrong, Purdue University
Eileen Kladivko, Purdue University
Anna Cates, University of Minnesota
Don Wyse, University of Minnesota
Matt Ruark, University of Wisconsin
Andrea Basche, University of Nebraska
DeAnn Presley, Kansas State University
Mark Licht, Iowa State University
Peter Tomlinson, Kansas State University

Brief Summary of Minutes

Minutes Attachment:

NCCC 211 Meeting minutes 2.11.20.docx

Accomplishments

North Dakota:  Research on cover crops in North Dakota includes at four of the objectives in this regional committee: 1) assess the impact of cover crops on agronomic production and profitability; 3) develop recommendations for cover crops  establishment (rates, timing, application method) across production systems; and 4) Evaluate the benefit of winter camelina as a dual crop. Soil erosion by wind is a serious problem in North Dakota especially in winter with little snow cover or dry springs. Cover crops are improving soil health, reducing erosion, and increasing sustainability of cropping systems. In the long-term cover crops will help reduce N fertilization and improve water quality, and provide forage for grazing. Research on cover crops interseeding has also increased in the last few years and many farmers are interseeding cover crops in standing corn, soybean, and sunflower either by using a interseeder drill or a broadcast system (aerial or modified sprayer).  Interseeding cover crops into standing corn or soybeans is a great alternative for corn-soybean farmers, since there is no time to establish a cover crop after corn or soybean harvest. The acres interseeded with cover crops in 2019 were approximately 50,000 acres from reports of farmers and aerial applicators.  Total area of cover crops is unknown but we believe it easily surpassed 500,000 acres in North Dakota. Cover crops adoption in North Dakota is increasing dramatically thanks to the many researchers (15) and graduate students (19) involved in cover crops research and extension in the state. Researchers were able to secure $1,431,184 in new funding for cover crops research in 2019, in addition to the NIFA CropSys CAP project for 3.7 million, which is in its fourth year of execution.  Cover crops researchers published eight peer-reviewed articles, 3 proceedings publications, 31 presentation in conferences, workshops and symposiums. Fourteen field days were organized during the season and numerous other extension publications, podcasts, videos and interviews.  New Grant Funding obtained: USDA-NIFA- 3/2020-02/2024. Managing disturbance for multi-functional rangelands: livestock, plant, and pollinator responses to management strategies that differentially use fire and grazing, $499,242, Harmon, McGranahan, Berti USDA-NIFA- ASAFS. 10/2019-9/2021.Alfalfa management practices and their effect on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) populations- towards improving health, productivity, and sustainability of alfalfa production, $429,011 Berti USDA-NACA 7/1/2019-6/30/2020, Evaluation of ecosystem services provided by Camelina sativa as a cover crop for northern climates, $22,000, Berti , Anderson ND Soybean Council. Research and Extension Efforts at the Soil Health and Agriculture Research Extension (SHARE) Farm (year 7), $82,075, Wick, Gasch, Daigh, Berti, ND Soybean Council. SHARE Farm North: Expanding Soil Health Building Research and Extension Efforts. $23,622, Wick, Gasch, Daigh, Berti ND Wheat Commission. Soil Health and Agriculture Research Extension (SHARE) Farm in Mooreton and Larimore, ND. $80,471 Wick, Gasch, Daigh, Berti NC-SARE. 10-1/2017-9/30/2019 Combining cover crops, strip tillage, and novel mulches to manage weeds in vegetable cropping systems. $96,695 Gramig NC-SARE. 11-1/2020-12/31/2022 Grazing Management Practices to Enhance Soil Health in the Northern Great Plains. $198,168 Meehan, Sedivec, Keena Theses and Dissertations: <ol> <li>Jesse J. Puka-Beals, MS Combining cover crops, strip tillage, and novel mulches to manage weeds in carrot. North Dakota State University. (Gramig) 2018-2020</li> <li>Sergio Cabello, Ph.D. Nutrient credits from cover crops in no-till systems in the northern Great Plains. North Dakota State University. (Berti and Franzen) August 2016-May 2020.</li> <li>Nadia Delarvarpour, PhD., North Dakota State University, Improving the twin-row interseeder guidance system. (Bajwa and Nowatzki) January 2017-May 2019.</li> <li>Alan Peterson, MS, Interseeding camelina on standing soybean. North Dakota State University. (Berti) June 2016-May 2019.</li> <li>Bryce Andersen, MS Integrating faba bean (Vicia faba) into cropping systems as a cover crop, intercrop, and late-season forage for grazing. North Dakota State University. (Berti). January 2017 May 2019.</li> <li>Kyle Aasand, MS, Corn and soybean relay cropping with winter rye, field pennycress, and winter Camelina. North Dakota State University (Johnson) June 2016- May 2020.</li> <li>Nick Steffl, MS, Interseeding winter rye, field pennycress, and winter camelina in standing corn and soybean. North Dakota State University (Johnson) January 2017-May 2019.</li> <li>Kory Johnson, MS. Interseeding camelina into narrow row spacing soybean of different maturity groups. North Dakota State University (Kandel) January 2017-May 2020.</li> <li>Alex Wittenberg, MS. Morphological differences between spring and winter camelina types. North Dakota State University (Berti) May 2018-May 2020.</li> <li>Mattie Schmitt, MS Measuring light interception and soil water content while assessing the development of interseeded cover crops in corn. North Dakota State University (Ransom) May 2018-May 2020.</li> <li>Kenneth Mozea, MS. Biomass and botanical composition of annual forage mixtures for grazing. North Dakota State University (Berti), May 2019-May2021.</li> <li>Sailesh Sigdel, MS Cover crop inter-seeding under sugarbeet production. North Dakota State University (Chatterjee) May 2018-December 2020</li> <li>Krishna Acharya, PhD. Managing soybean cyst nematode with cover crops. North Dakota State University (Yan).  August 2017- May 2020.</li> <li>Marcus Mack, MS Rye termination timing study in relation to soybean planting date. North Dakota State University (Ransom) May 2018-May 2020.</li> <li>Brooke Rockentine, MS, Entomology (Gasch) (Summer 2017 – present)</li> <li>Mackenzie Ries, MS Soil Science (Gasch) (January 2018 – present)</li> <li>Alec Deschene, MS Soil Science (Gasch) (August 2018 – present)</li> <li>Jeremy Wirtz, MS Soil Science (Goos) 2017- May 2019.</li> <li>Justin Jacobs MS, Improving Efficiency by Intercropping Pea and Canola, and Chickpea and Flax. North Dakota State University. (Johnson and Staricka) August 2016-May 2022</li> </ol>   Graduate students and Postdoctoral Researchers in Cover Crops Research Number of MS students: 16 Number of Ph.D. students: 3 Number of Postdoctoral Researchers: 1 Dr. Andrea Cecchin, Environmental impact of cropping systems using cover crops. (Berti)   Kansas:  Currently in Kansas there are 14 university researchers with active research projects ranging in topics from erosion control, water quality, N and P cycling, weed suppression, evaluation in cropping systems, effects on soil moisture, soil health, companion planting with winter wheat, control of charcoal rot in soybean, and forage production and quality. Numerous extension presentations featuring cover crop research were made to approximately 1,500 producers and agricultural professionals. K-State faculty received grants for state and federal entities to fund cover crop research in Kansas and to support graduate education. New Grant Funding obtained: Evaluating Cover Crops and Phosphorus Fertilizer in a No-Till Corn-soybean System, P.J. Tomlinson, USDA - Farm Production and Conservation - Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Sustainable phosphorus management with enhanced soil health, N. Nelson, P. J. Tomlinson, D. Presley, G. J. Kluitenberg K. Roozeboom, E. Yeager, and G. Hettiarachchi, Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research (FFAR), Kansas Soybean Commission, Kansas Fertilizer Research Fund, Kansas Department of Agriculture, $940,542 Decreasing Dissolved Phosphorus Loss and Building Soil Health with Multi-Purpose Conservation Systems, N. Nelson, P. J. Tomlinson, D. Presley, K. Roozeboom, E. Yeager, and G. J. Kluitenberg, $1,000,000 Extension and Outreach Programs: 2/6/19 Kaw Valley Irrigators meeting, Cover Crops and Soil Health. Manhattan, KS. – Peter Tomlinson 02/12/19   Golden Prairie District Producer Meeting, organizer & speaker, Reducing heifer development costs through increased grazing, Quinter, KS – Sandy Johnson 02/12/19   Rawlins County Producer Meeting, organizer & speaker, Reducing heifer development costs through increased grazing, Atwood, KS – Sandy Johnson 03/08/2019 Dirt Day in Neodesha, speaker, Soils and Geology of southeast Kansas. Neodesha, KS. – DeAnn Presley 4/25/19 Geary Co, Cover Crops and Coffee. Junction City, Kansas. – Peter Tomlinson 07/08/19 to 07/12/19 Kansas Ag Retailers Association Summer Field School, Soil Compaction. Manhattan, KS. – DeAnn Presley 9/5/19 Hillsdale WRAPS meeting, No-till, Cover Crops and Phosphorous Management. Hillsdale, KS. – Peter Tomlinson 9/20/19 Kansas State University Agronomy Department Field Day, Resilient Soils Through Conservation Practices – Peter Tomlinson 09/21/19 First International Cover Crops Conference, Evaluating soil health, soil water, and crop yield effects of cover crops in no-till on-farm experiments in Kansas and the Great Plains. Lanzhou, China. – DeAnn Presley 11/06/19   Grant County Producer Meeting, speaker, Making Cover Crops Work in Western Kansas, Ulysses, KS,  –John Holman and Sandy Johnson 11/21/19 NRCS Conservation Webinar, Integrating grazed cover crops into Dryland Cropping Systems of the High Plains, http://www.conservationwebinars.net/webinars/integrating-grazed-cover-crops-into-dryland-cropping-systems-of-the-high-plains/?sr=wp~ondemand  - Augustine Obour and Sandy Johnson 11/25/19 NE Region Agronomy Update, Environmental Quality: Connecting Environmental Aspects of Nutrient Management and Conservation Planning. Manhattan, KS. – Peter Tomlinson 12/5/19-12/6/19 Kansas Agricultural Retailers Association Crop Production Update Conference, Cover Crops, Nitrogen, and Conservation Planning – Peter Tomlinson 01/14/20 and 01/15/20 Cover Your Acres Winter Conference, Cover Crops as a Weed Management Tool. Oberlin, KS. - Luke Chism and Malynda O'Day Graduate students and Postdoctoral Researchers in Cover Crops Research Number of MS students: 3 Number of Ph.D. students: 4 Number of Postdoctoral Researchers:2   Wisconsin: The Wisconsin research and extension program has been focused on assessing the benefits and limitations of cover crops on nitrogen management. Specifically, field trials were established to assess how grass cover crops tie up nitrogen from manure and how legume cover crops (red clover) provides nitrogen to corn crops. Cover cropping was the main topic of many extension presentations, including those at the Wisconsin Agribusiness Classic; the Wisconsin Soil, Water, and Nutrient Management Meetings; and the Wisconsin Cover Crops Conference. New Grant Funding obtained: Wisconsin Fertilizer Research Council, Manure application timing onto cover crops (2019-2020), $8,000, lead PI Wisconsin Fertilizer Research Council, What are the nitrogen benefits when interseeding clover into continuous corn? (2017-2020) $56,091, lead-PI Wisconsin Fertilizer Research Council, Validation of red clover cover crop nitrogen credits for corn (2017-2019) $26,372, lead-PI  Graduate students and Postdoctoral Researchers in Cover Crops Research Number of MS students: 2 Number of Ph.D. students: 1 Number of Postdoctoral Researchers: 1   Minnesota: Interest in cover crops continues to grow in Minnesota. Research is focusing on incorporating cover crops into corn-soy rotations in short growing seasons, via interseeding, and we have several years of success with these systems. There is also a strong team working on development of dual-use winter annual crop systems to increase profitability, focusing on pennycress and camelina oilseed crops. Interest in grazing cover crops and developing systems to apply manure with cover crops is high, and the UMN Manure Management Specialist is researching manure application methods. Many studies are documenting the impact of cover crops on reduced N leaching and erosion, and cover crops are planned in many of the ongoing One Watershed, One Plan adoption across the state, which will make funds available for farmers and local governments beginning with cover crops. Adoption according to the 2017 Agricultural Census remains low, but state-level cost share from the MN Department of Ag and Soil and Water Conservation Districts around the state report ongoing subscription, so we anticipate increasing growth. Minnesota is characterized by strong participation from non-governmental, farmer-lead organizations in cover crop outreach and education. The University of Minnesota Water Resources Center in collaboration with the MN Board of Water and Soil Resources also recently established a MN Office for Soil Health, which has increased collaboration on cover crop and soil health efforts both internal to UMN and external. We updated our Midwest Cover Crop Council Cover Crop Decision Tool and released two Cover Crop Recipes in collaboration with MCCC in 2019, and these resources will be promoted in the coming year. New Grant Funding obtained: <ol> <li>Corn Relative Maturity Impacts on Oilseed Survival</li> <li>Corn Stover Residue Management for Improved Pennycress grain yields</li> <li>Wide-row corn for improved cover crop forage and water quality</li> <li>Desiccation of grain corn to hasten direct-drill establishment of oilseeds</li> <li>Double-cropping early semi-dwarf sunflower with winter camelina</li> <li>Optimizing N rate and application timing for winter oilseeds</li> <li>Demonstrating innovative techniques for the integration of cover crops and manure to improve soil health in cool climates. Funded by USDA-NRCS. Two small plot studies at WCROC and 1 on-farm trial near Nicollet, MN.</li> <li>Best management practices to integrate cover crops and manure. Funded by MN Corn Research and Promotion Council. Two small plot studies at SROC and 1 on-farm trial near Trimont, MN.</li> <li>Field evaluations of elite pennycress and winter camelina germplasm for commercial production</li> <li>Innovations for sustainable food, energy, and water supplies in intensively cultivated regions: integrating technologies, data, and human behavior</li> <li>The Cover Crops, Water, and Nitrogen Nexus: How do They Impact Corn and Soybean Production and the Environment?</li> <li>Cover crops in high tunnels</li> <li>NRCS Conservation Innovation Grant: “Measuring Soil Health in the Upper Midwest to Improve Water Quality”</li> <li>Tillage and Erosion Survey Advisory Committee at University of Minnesota. They are looking at conducting field survey of cover crop plantings around Minnesota (throughout the year)</li> </ol> Theses and Dissertations: <ol start="2019"> <li>Sarah Moore. M.S. 2019. Evaluating the sustainability of double-cropping rotations with pennycress (Thlaspi arvense)</li> </ol> Graduate students and Postdoctoral Researchers in Cover Crops Research Number of MS students: 4 Number of Ph.D. students: 1 Number of Postdoctoral Researchers: 2 Iowa: Total acreage of cover crops planted in Iowa in fall of 2019 are preliminarily estimated at 1,020,000 acres. This estimate is based on the Iowa Learning Farms farmer survey. Outreach efforts on cover crops in Iowa reached over 10,800 individuals through approximately 173 events, including Iowa State University Extension, Iowa Learning Farms and Practical Farmers of Iowa outreach activities. Other cover crop outputs included publication of seven refereed scientific articles and two Ph.D. dissertations and two M.S. creative components. For 2019, there were seven graduate students, one post-doctoral research associates, and two research associate conducting research on cover crops and six new projects were funded. Major outreach activities have focused on training farmers to ‘talk’ with other farmers regarding cover crop management practices for adopting farmers. In coordination with MCCC, two cover crop recipes were completed in 2019. Additionally, a summit (participants include Extension, state/federal agencies, commodity organization, and non-governmental groups) was held in Iowa to develop BMPs for adopters with 0-3 years’ experience. Major research activities have been focused on how to manage both cover crops and corn/soybean management practices to minimize economic drawbacks and increase cover crop environmental effectiveness. This research is instrumental in assessing the impact of cover crops on agronomic crop production and profitability as well as to develop recommendations on how best to manage cover crop and agronomic crops. New Grant Funding Obtained <ol> <li>Archontoulis, S., Licht, M., Castellano, M., and Sawyer, J. Assessing the effectiveness of individual versus multiple nutrient reduction practices on water quality and economic viability. Iowa Nutrient Research Center. $113.660. July 2019 – June 2021.</li> <li>Fei, S.Z., Lenssen, A.W., Moore, K.J., and Chen, A. Perennial turfgrass cover crops in maize production systems. Iowa Nutrient Research Center. $150,000. 2019 – 2020.</li> <li>Licht, M., Witt, M., Rieck-Hinz, A. Interseeding grass and legume cover crops into early vegetative stage corn. Iowa Nutrient Research Center. $128,955. July 2019 – Dec 2021.</li> <li>Reberg-Horton, C., Mirsky, S., and Robertson, A. A cover crop network for enhancing the sustainability of US cropping systems. USDA-AFRI. $10,000,000. August 2019 – July 2024.</li> <li>Robertson, A., Kaspar, T., Lenssen, A, Moorman, T., Carlson, S., and Gailans, S. Developing best management practices for the winter rye cover crop-corn production system. USDA-NIFA. $352,000. May 2019 – April 2022.</li> <li>Robertson, A. Mitigating reduced yields of corn following a winter rye cover crop: What role does allelopathy play? Iowa Nutrient Research Center. July 2019 – June 2020.</li> </ol> Field Days <ol> <li>14, ILF Leadership Circle, Story = 34</li> <li>26, Jefferson Cover Crop Field Day, Greene = 31</li> <li>27, McNay Grazing Cover Crop Field Day, Lucas = 49</li> <li>28, Williams Cover Crop Field Day, Hamilton = 42</li> <li>9, Rob Stout Field Day, Washington = 67</li> <li>10, Cover Crop Field Day, Kossuth = 51</li> <li>July 9, Cover Crop Field Day, Adams = 47</li> <li>14, Cover Crop Field Day, Linn = 64</li> <li>22, Cover Crop Field Day, Cedar = 48</li> <li>11, Gilmore City Cover Crop and Wetland Field Day, Pocahontas = 35</li> <li>19, Paustian Field Day, Scott = 37</li> <li>7, CLL Cover Crop Field Day, Floyd = 32</li> <li>21, Dove Cover Crop Field Day, Black Hawk = 55</li> <li>3, Grundy County Cover Crop Field Day, Grundy = 36</li> <li>5, Clayton County Cover Crop Field Day, Clayton = 39</li> <li>11, Dordt University Cover Crop Field Day, Sioux = 65</li> </ol> Additional Outreach Events <ol> <li>3, Sheldon Crop Advantage Series, O’Brien = 25</li> <li>4, Burlington Crop Advantage Series, Des Moines = 34</li> <li>19, Practical Farmers of Iowa Annual Conference, Ames, IA = 30</li> <li>18, Davenport Crop Advantage Series, Scott = 62</li> <li>30, Denison Crop Advantage Series, Crawford = 20</li> <li>4 , ISU Soil Health Conference, Ames, Story = 12</li> <li>19, Breaking down barriers to cover crop adoption, Ia State Capital = 30</li> <li>11, Emerging Famers Seminar, Winneshiek = 13</li> <li>23, Emerging Farmer Seminar, Johnson = 12</li> <li>May 2, Emerging Farmer Seminar, Poweshiek = 7</li> <li>May 2, State Soil Committee Meeting, Polk = 19</li> <li>May 7, Emerging Farmer Seminar, Marion = 27</li> <li>May 8, Emerging Farmer Seminar, Floyd = 8</li> <li>May 8, Emerging Farmer Seminar, Chickasaw = 19</li> <li>May 10, Emerging Farmer Seminar, Chickasaw = 11</li> <li>10, EPA Region 7 Meeting, Jasper = 38</li> <li>17, Dennis Carney CDI Field Day, Floyd = 24</li> <li>4, ICM Decision Tree Presentation, Story = 189</li> <li>4, ICM CLL Presentation, Story = 185</li> <li>19, Cover Crop Boot Camp, Story = 114</li> </ol> * 52 Conservation Station Fleet Events, Statewide, June 1-Sept. 20 = 5,014 Nebraska: Cover crops continue to be at the center of many conversations in Nebraska, particularly with growing interest in improving soil health and water quality as well as solving management challenges related to weeds and herbicide resistance. Of particular note is the State Legislature’s development of the “Healthy Soils Task Force” in 2019. The task force is a group of agricultural leaders in the state who are developing a roadmap for the Governor to support future soil health–related work in Nebraska. University and other partners have been involved in these conversations to share cover crop related research and outreach efforts. Approximately twenty extension related events across the state featured cover crop research results and attracted thousands of combined attendees. Another unique element to Nebraska’s cover crop work is the growing on-farm research network participation with cover crop research. In the 2019 report, seventeen different studies were featured, answering a range of questions about soil health, cover crop mixtures, grazing cover crops and interseeding cover crops in both irrigated and dryland conditions. Additionally, the exceptional work of the on-farm research network was recognized with the 2019 American Society of Agronomy Extension Education Community Award in the category of Digital Communications. UNL researchers are a part of the newly awarded USDA-NIFA Sustainable Agriculture Systems Coordinated Agriculture Grant which will establish two new cover crop field experiments along with developing an undergraduate course specific to cover crop management. Further, in 2019, Nebraska joined the Midwest Cover Crop Council Cover Crop Decision Tool and released two Cover Crop Recipes in collaboration with the Midwest Cover Crops Council. Finally, over ten local, state and national media outlets, ranging from No-Till Farmer to AgriTalk to Market Journal to the Omaha World Herald, featured Nebraska related cover crop research. New Grant Funding obtained: USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. "A cover crop network for enhancing the sustainability of US cropping systems.” $10,000,000. UNL Co-PIs: Andrea Basche, Justin McMechan, Sam Wortman; Project Directors: Chris Reberg-Horton, Steven Mirsky. 2019-2024. Nebraska Environmental Trust. "Developing a decision-support tool for the successful incorporation of cover crops into Nebraska cropping systems.” $111,610. Co-PIs: Andrea Basche, Katja Koehler-Cole, Daren Redfearn. 2019-2021. Nebraska Corn Board. “Cover crop impacts on soil health and cropping system yields” $101,825. Co-PIs: Katja Koehler-Cole, Roger Elmore, Humberto Blanco, Charles Francis, Chris Proctor, Daren Redfearn, Sabrina Ruis, Andrea Basche. 2018-2020. Webinars and extension events: Proctor, C. 2019. Weed Suppression and Cover Crops. August 2019. South Central Ag Lab Field Day, Clay Center, NE.  Proctor, C. 2019. Benefits of Cover Crops for Weed Control. February 2019. Central NE Irrigated Cover Crop Conference. Central City, NE. Proctor, C. 2019. How would growing shorter season corn/beans, so cover crops can be established earlier, affect grain yield? February 2019. Central NE Irrigated Cover Crop Conference. Central City, NE. Proctor, C. 2019. Weed Management Strategies in 2019. February 2019. No-Till, Cover Crops, and Planned Grazing Systems Educational Workshop, Norfolk, NE. Proctor, C. 2019. Principles for Effective Weed management. February 2019. Landmark Sprayer Clinic, Kearney, NE. Proctor, C. and B. Krienke. 2019. Influence of Cover Crops, Nitrogen, and Weeds and Corn Growth and Development. August 2019. Midwest Corn Production In-Field Clinic. Eastern Nebraska Research and Extension Center, Mead, NE. Proctor, C. 2019. Cover Crops and Palmer Amaranth Management in Soybean. August 2019 Midwest Soybean Production In-Field Clinic. Eastern Nebraska Research and Extension Center, Mead, NE. Proctor, C. 2019. Soybean Weed Control and Cover Crops. August 2019. Soybean Management Field Days, Multiple NE Sites. Proctor, C. 2019. Managing Waterhemp – What are my control options as a soybean grower? Nebraska Soybean Day and Machinery Expo. December 2019. Wahoo, NE. Proctor, C. 2020. Managing Waterhemp – What are my control options as a soybean grower? Nebraska Extension Weed Science School. January 2020. Eastern Nebraska Research and Extension Center, Mead, NE. Proctor, C. 2020. Benefits of cover crops for weed control and herbicide restrictions for haying and grazing. Nebraska Irrigated Cover Crops Conference. February 2020. Central City, NE. Rees, J. & Proctor, C. 2020. Does growing shorter season corn/beans impact cover crop biomass? Nebraska Irrigated Cover Crops Conference. February 2020. Central City, NE. Rees, J. & Proctor, C. 2020. Soybean cultivar selection to increase cover crop productivity. NRCS-UNL Soil Health Initiative Collaborator Meeting Presented in coordination with the UNL Extension on-farm research network. February 2020. York, NE. Nebraska Crop Diagnostic Clinic, Soil Health Clinic. August 2019. ~30 attendees. <a href="https://cropwatch.unl.edu/unl-crop-diagnostic-clinics-offer-unique-training-opportunities">https://cropwatch.unl.edu/unl-crop-diagnostic-clinics-offer-unique-training-opportunities</a>  Basche, A. and Krupek, F. Dodge County soil health field day. Presented research based on data collected in 2019 for the on-farm research trials. Handouts shared with ~40 attendees. Soil Health Initiative – UNL Research and Extension Collaboration with NRCS. First annual collaborator meeting. March, 2019. York, NE. ~50 attendees. Soil Health Initiative – UNL Research and Extension Collaboration with NRCS. Second annual collaborator meeting & on-farm research network meeting update. February 2020. York, NE. ~110 attendees. Nebraska Cover crop and Soil Health Conference 2020: Interseeding cover crops for corn and soybean rotation. Ithaca, NE. February 13, 2020. >250 attendees.<a href="https://extension.unl.edu/statewide/enre/2020-cover-crop-conference-presentation-videos/">https://extension.unl.edu/statewide/enre/2020-cover-crop-conference-presentation-videos/</a> Southeast Nebraska Soil Health Conference. Beatrice, NE. March 2019. ~120 attendees. Theses and Dissertations: Wehrbein, J.S. 2019. Integration of cover crops into Midwest corn-soybean cropping systems and potential for weed suppression. M.S. Thesis. University of Nebraska, Lincoln. Graduate students and Postdoctoral Researchers in Cover Crops Research Number of MS students: 2 Josh Wehrbein, Kaity Wilmes Number of Ph.D. students: 2 Fernanda Krupek, Alex Tonon Rosa Number of Postdoctoral Researchers: 2 Sabrina Ruis, Nilovna Chatterjee   Michigan: Michigan State University (MSU) continues its commitment to cover crop research, publications and outreach in 2019. Activities included 35 on-going research projects, 11 scientific/society presentations, 8 peer-reviewed publications, 1 thesis, 7 Extension/outreach publications, 4 webinars and 27 meetings/workshop/field day presentations. Research projects include evaluation of cover crops for: 1) pest/disease management for weeds, diseases and/or nematodes across field crops, vegetables and/or forages; 2) interseeding of cover crop into corn; 3) cover crop herbicide tolerance; 4) management across commodities including field crops, vegetables and fruit; 5) forages/feeds; 6) soil fertility and soil health/science/biology. MSU cover crop projects were in both conventional and organic systems. The MSU Michigan cover crop website (<a href="http://www.covercrops.msu.edu">www.covercrops.msu.edu</a>) increased to 22,073 pageviews from March 2019 – February 2020 compared to 9,355 during the same period the previous year. Over 25 Michigan events were reported that included cover crops in 2019 reaching approximately a reported 1,277 participants. Numerous cover crop related events were not reported this year. In 2019 there were 9 cover crop Extension articles published on the MSU Extension News page (<a href="http://msue.anr.msu.edu/topic/info/cover_crops">http://msue.anr.msu.edu/topic/info/cover_crops</a>) written by nine authors/co-authors. Eight refereed journal articles by MSU cover crop researchers were published in 2019. MSU also educated hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students through 15 different courses in the Departments of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Science, Entomology, and Horticulture that include cover crops in their curriculum. There were five M.S. and three Ph.D. students with cover crop related research projects.   South Dakota   Various projects pertaining to cover crops are in place within South Dakota. Projects range from cover crop establishment in corn and soybean rotations, to nutrient cycling for various cash crops, to herbicide carryover and cover crop implementation. Below are brief summaries related to some, but not all, of the projects taking place in South Dakota. Cover Crop Nutrient Cycling in South Dakota Principle Investigator: Anthony Bly, SDSU Extension Co-Investigators: David Karki, Sara Bauder, Ruth Beck, Chris Graham, Howard Woodard, Peter Sexton, Shannon Osborn, Michael Lehman and Jason Miller Cover Crop use is steadily becoming a field practice on South Dakota croplands. The many reasons for using a cover crop include forage for livestock, wildlife habitat, capture of inorganic nutrients that might harm the environment, and building of soil health through additions of carbon and formation of beneficial soil structure and aggregates. A popular question from agriculture producers is how do cover crops affect the cycling of soil nutrients and how does this influence the growth and yield of cash crops? A three-year project evaluating the nutrient cycling in the soil began in the fall of 2017 on 30 farm fields across South Dakota. The On-Farm sites encompass the evaluations of three project objectives that are 1. Determine the influence of cover crop composition on nutrient cycling and availability for subsequent cash crops. 2. How cover crop compositions and rate of nutrient loss effect on following cash crop nutrient uptake and yield as well as soil moisture status in western SD. 3. How cover crop carbon/nitrogen ratio effect corn and sorghum nitrogen requirements. During 2019, South Dakota experienced extreme precipitation and many of the research project sites had to be abandoned due to saturated soil conditions. A few sites were able to continue to investigate objective 1, three site for objective 2 were successful, and only one out of six objective 3 sites were salvaged. The project was able to establish several sites during the fall of 2019 and we are hoping the climate becomes drier so we can finish our work in 2020. Funding: USDA/NRCS South Dakota Graduate students on project: 3 Expected Completion: December 2020 (project extension anticipated to June 2022)   Herbicide residual effects on cover crops after corn silage and wheat Principle Investigator: Gared Shaffer, SDSU Extension Co-Investigators: David Karki, Anthony Bly, Sara Bauder, Ruth Beck, and Paul Johnson Interest in cover crops among South Dakota crop growers has increased in recent years. Producers have realized the need for scientific information on residual effects of commonly used herbicides on cover crops for proper incorporation of these species into their cropping systems. Therefore, it is imperative that information about herbicide residuals effects on cover crops is investigated in South Dakota. Surrounding states that include Minnesota, Iowa, Nebraska and Wisconsin have researched this topic to give their producers educational opportunities in learning how to integrate cover crops into their operations (Bosak 2014; Hartzler, et al. 2015; Stahl 2016; Jhala et al. 2016). This research will assist producers and consultants to continue making wise and informed decisions in common South Dakota cropping systems. Seven research sites have been established for the 2018 growing season and five research sites established in 2019. There were wheat and corn silage plots established each year. More research plots will be established in 2020. The plots were sprayed with Pre and Post residual herbicides and drilled with cover crops after the cash crop was harvested. Data collection has been accomplished each year to determine herbicide influence on each cover crop species. Final data will be published at the end of the project. The primary goal of this portion of the project is to increase grower knowledge of herbicide residuals from common herbicide programs used in silage corn and wheat. This will help growers fine-tune their herbicide program. The research plots may be utilized for late season grower and professional agronomist tours and training events. Funding: South Dakota NRCS Graduate student on project: 1 Expected Completion: June 2022   Impact of integrated crop-livestock system on soil health, greenhouse gas emission, and water quality Principal Investigator: Dr. Sandeep Kumar; SDSU Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) enhances ecological interactions among land use systems that improve the efficiency of agricultural ecosystems in nutrient cycling, preserving natural resources, reducing greenhouse gas emission, improving water quality and enhancing soil health. Our USDA-CAP project focuses on assessing the impacts of ICLS on soils and water quality. Livestock and cover crops (CC), when introduced into cropping systems, manure from livestock improve nutrient cycling and crop residues from CC provide feed to livestock and capture nutrients from the livestock waste. We investigated the impacts of ICLS on soil biochemical properties, microbial community structure, greenhouse gas emission and water quality. <ul> <li>Crop diversification impact on microbial community structure and greenhouse gas fluxes (GHG). Replacing bare winter fallow with cover crops (CC) have been proposed as a management alternative to diversify cropping systems in the U.S. Corn Belt region. To determine whether cover crops exert any influence on diversity of microbes that catalyze the flux of GHG, we conducted a field study in south-east South Dakota for two consecutive growing seasons of maize and soybean in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Our results indicate that Fatty acid methyl esters markers for bacterial (Gm+ and actinomycetes) populations attained significant higher levels in CC than with fallow treatment, while they were not statistically different for fungal populations. In our study, CO2 emissions were reduced during 2018 under CC plots precedent to winter-rye, whereas, it was greater during 2017 precedent to blend-CC. It is because winter rye-CC produce greater biomass than blend-CC, which could provide more C to the soil via its residue including greater C:N composition and tend to be stabilized at long term. In this study, N2O emissions were no different between CC and fallow management. Whereas, CC led to more uptake of CH4 as compared to fallow management during the fall sampling dates (p= 0.098) in 2018.</li> <li>Grazing of cover crops impact on soils and greenhouse gas fluxes. Integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS), when managed properly, can help in improving soil physical properties and mitigating soil surface greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes (especially carbon dioxide, CO2; methane, CH4; and nitrous oxide, N2O). To evaluate the impact of CC grazing on soils and GHG fluxes, a field study was conducted at two research farms of South Dakota State University under oats (Avena sativa)/cover crops-maize (Zea mays L.) rotation. The results showed that, in general, CC had higher soil water infiltration, macropores and lower soil bulk density (ρb) as compared to the control. A slight increase in ρb was observed in response to grazing at the surface 0-5 cm depth. Cumulative CO2 and N2O fluxes at one of the site were lower for grazed grass dominated CC (4042 kg C ha-1 for CO2 and 1499 g N ha-1 for N2O) than for grazed legume dominated CC (4819 kg C ha-1 for CO2 and 2017 g N ha-1 for N2O), indicating the superiority of the grass dominated CC in reducing GHG fluxes.</li> <li>Impact of Cover crops on subsurface drainage water quality. Excess water in soils is ranked second for the crop production losses in the Midwest after droughts. Subsequently, tile drainage systems are widely adopted in the upper Missouri River Basin (MRB) to keep soils free of excess water and ensuring optimal crop growth. These systems are also major pathways for nutrients (nitrogen, N and phosphorus, P) to leave agricultural fields and enrich the downstream waters. Therefore, potential measures are required to control this nutrient enrichment using the various best management practices. In this study, we evaluated the nutrient reduction capacity of winter rye cover crop in subsurface drainage under the extreme cold environmental conditions of South Dakota. Data showed that samples collected from tile drainage at plots planted with winter rye cover crop lowered the TP concentration than samples collected from tile drainage at the control plots. Unlike TP, ortho-P concentration was higher in samples collected from the pipes at plots planted with rye cover crop than the control. The preliminary results suggested that winter rye cover crop might have a direct influence on reducing sediments through which TP is transported, possibly due to enhanced soil structure.</li> <li>Impact of cover crops and grazing on soil surface greenhouse gas fluxes and properties. To study the impacts of cover crops and grazing under integrated crop livestock system, an experiment was conducted in 2016 at South-east research farm of South Dakota State University. Three treatments were imposed in the year 2016 as oats only (O), oats followed by cover crops (O+CC) and oats followed by cover crops and grazing (ICLO+CC) in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The results showed that soil pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen did not differ between ungrazed and grazed treatments of cover crops. There were no significant differences observed in bulk density between O (1.23 g cm-3), O+CC (1.23 g cm-3) and ICLO+CC (1.26 g cm-3). Similar cumulative CO2 fluxes were observed among ICLO+CC, O+CC and O in 2016, 2017 and 2018. The cumulative N2O fluxes were not influenced by ICLO+CC, O+CC and O in 2016 and 2017, however, in 2018, ICLO+CC had significantly lower cumulative N2O fluxes (2048 g N ha-1) as compared to O+CC (2767 g N ha-1). This study showed that in general, integrated crop livestock system does not negatively impact soil properties and greenhouse gas fluxes.</li> <li>Impacts of cover crops on soil biochemical properties. Introducing cover crop in cropping system has been considered as an implementable practice to alternate the soil microbial ecosystem and soil biodiversity and therefore influence soil fertility. To assess the impacts of different cover crop (CC) treatment on soil microbial community structure, enzyme activities and microbial biomass under no-tillage system in the Midwest of United States. Five sites with different years (1~20 yr) of application CC in South Dakota and Iowa were included in this study. Each site including both CC and no cover crop (NCC) treatments. The result showed that long-term (20-yr) planting of CC significantly increased the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, acid and alkaline phosphatase, beta-glucosidase, urease, arylsulfatase, fluorescein diacetate, total bacterial, actinomycetes, gram-negative bacteria, total fungi, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, saprophytes, and gram-positive bacterial PLFA (phospholipid fatty acid) biomass in the soil surface. No consistent results of short-term CC effect was observed. The results suggested that using a long-term CC as an alternative has significant effect on microbial activities and promote the C, N, S, and P cycling, thus, increase the biodiversity and soil fertility.</li> </ul> Graduate student and Post-docs on projects: 6   Influence of interseeding cover crops on nitrogen fertilizer rate requirement for optimal corn grain yield in a no-till system Principal Investigator: Dr. Jason Clark, SDSU Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science and SDSU Extension Co-Investigators: Dr. Shannon Osborne, Dr. Peter Sexton, Dr. Péter Kovács Funding source: South Dakota Nutrient Research and Education Council   Other current cover crop research David Clay, Sharon Clay, Graig Reicks, Deepak Joshi, Janet Miller, Shaina Westhoff   <ol> <li>Impact of Cover Crops on Greenhouse Gas Emissions <ol> <li>20 cm diameter pvc pipes on Aurora Research Farm either with or without rye (5 plants/pipe)</li> <li>Piccaro gas analyzer collected gas emissions from each pipe every 4 hours for 15 min.</li> <li>Every 20 days, the cover crop was clipped and removed from the system, as biomass needed to be contained in the pipe for best results. <ol> <li>In both years, there were 3 sampling periods, each lasting 20 days</li> </ol> </li> <li>During the first 20 day sampling period, a living cover crop reduced CO2 emissions <ol> <li>5x less between May 7-25, 2018</li> <li>2x less between Apr. 26 - May 15, 2019</li> </ol> </li> <li>In both years, the living cover crop effect on reducing CO2 emissions diminished after the first 20 day sampling period.</li> <li>Evening sampling (6 and 10 PM) yielded less variable results for the bare soil treatment in both years, showing that time of day matters when sampling gas emissions.</li> </ol> </li> </ol>   <ol start="2"> <li>Rye Cover Crop Interactions with Corn <ol> <li>Can cover crops remove Spring moisture and make a no-till corn/soybean production system more attractive to farmers in the wetter parts of SD?</li> <li>Cereal rye drilled in 8” twin rows in Fall 2018 on the Aurora Research Farm (Oct. 4) in east central SD and in a farmer’s field in the SE part of the State (Oct. 30)</li> <li>Cereal rye emerged in Fall 2018 at Aurora Research Farm, but not in SE SD</li> <li>Corn was planted in the 22” wide gaps between the twin rows of rye on 5/17/19 at Aurora and on 6/4/19 in SE SD</li> <li>Terminated rye with glyphosate at different timings (week before planting, at planting, V2 corn, V4 corn) to see how cover crops impacted soil moisture, soil N, and corn yields. </li> <li>Relative to conventional tillage with no cover crop at Aurora in 2019: <ol> <li>Rye (422 lbs biomass ac-1) terminated at V2 corn growth stage on 6/18 didn’t affect corn yield</li> <li>Rye (655 lbs biomass ac-1) terminated at V4 corn growth stage on 6/28 resulted in a 23% yield loss (p=0.16)</li> </ol> </li> <li>SE SD results still being analyzed</li> </ol> </li> </ol>   Funding: South Dakota Corn and USDA-NRCS   Indiana Cover crop interest and adoption continues to grow in Indiana (~ 950,000 adopted acres).  Therefore, the demand for training and services related to cover crops by the Conservation Partnership continues to increase. The Indiana Conservation Partnership includes NRCS, Soil and Water Conservation Districts (SWCD), Conservation Cropping Systems Initiative (CCSI), Indiana State Department of Agriculture (ISDA), State Soil Board, and Purdue Extension. Collectively in 2019, the conservation partnership provided technical training, logistical and promotional support for over 70 cover crop centric events, reaching nearly 7000 attendees.  To further strengthen cover crop training and services, numerous research projects were conducted related to the functions of cover crops in the area of soil health, resilience of cropping systems to climate stress, cover crop influence on soil microbiome diversity, syncing N release of cover crops with the N demand of cash crops, surface water quality, forage quality, weed science, pest suppression, short and long-term cover crop economics. Additionally, five cover crop related papers were published in scientific journals, three extension publications, and 12 conference paper/posters were presented. Ongoing research in cover crops facilitated the graduate education of 8 graduate students (4 Ph.D., 4 M.S.).  Research New research project: (Mirsky et al.).   Indiana is participating in common experiments, on-farm trials (Shalamar Armstrong), data architecture and tools (Ankita Raturi), social science (Linda Prokopy), and MCCC and leadership team (Anna Morrow, Eileen Kladivko). Ongoing studies by Dr. Eileen Kladivko (<a href="mailto:kladivko@purdue.edu">kladivko@purdue.edu</a>) and graduate students include: <ul> <li>Effects of cover crops on soil health and crop yield. In 2019 this research was conducted at Purdue Agricultural Centers but had previously also included cooperating farmers’ fields.  Measurements have included a variety of commercial soil health tests, other soil physical properties, soil nitrate, cover crop biomass and N uptake, and cash crop yields.</li> </ul> Ongoing studies led by Dr. Shalamar Armstrong (<a href="mailto:sarmstro@purdue.edu">sarmstro@purdue.edu</a>) and graduate students <ul> <li>The influence of cover crop inclusion on soil microbiome diversity and functionality. Experimental factors consist of crop rotation, tillage, and above ground cover crop diversity. On both soil and cover crop residue, measurements of enzymatic activity are being used to indirectly quantify the cycling of carbon and nitrogen with time. Furthermore, selected soil samples are being analyzed for microbial diversity to determine the impact of the treatment on the soil microbiome functionality.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>The synchronization of cover crop N release with the N demand of cash crops.  At ACRE in West Lafayette, IN and the Nitrogen Management Research Field Station (NMRFS) in Lexington, IL, cover crop residue decomposition and N release are being measured within multiple crop rotations, (Corn-Corn and Soybean-Corn), and tillage systems (No-till and Spring Till). In addition to monitoring cover crop residue decomposition, we established research methodology to track the fate of fertilizer N using 15N stable isotope techniques. This methodology will allow us to quantify the interaction of cover crops with fertilizer N, the release of scavenged N from cover crop residue, and the absorption of cover crop N by a subsequent corn crop.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Optimization of nitrogen management for competitive corn yield following cover crop adoption. Two new research projects have been established in multiple locations across the state of IN (1) investigating the rate of starter fertilizer nitrogen on corn yield following cereal rye adoption and (2) swine manure injection and red clover inclusion rate after wheat impact on nitrogen rate needed for optimum corn yield.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Impacts of nitrogen application timing and cover crops on crop production and water quality. This research is being conducted at the NMRFS that consists of 15 individually monitored tiled-drained 1.6-acre fields in Lexington, IL. The study analyzes three nutrient loss reduction strategy scenarios (1) moving nitrogen application from fall to spring, (2) moving nitrogen application from fall to spring with the addition of cover crops, and (3) fall applying a dominant portion of the annual N rate into a living stand of cover crops. Tile water flow and velocity are monitored automatically to discern the influence of treatments on discharge.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>The effect of cover crops on surface water quality: A paired watershed experiment in the Lake Bloomington watershed. We are investigating the impact of mass adoption of cover crops on water quality and spring soil nitrogen concentrations. In the Lake Bloomington watershed of Towanda, IL we identified two sub-watersheds, one of 1100 acres and another of 700 acres. Fifty percent of the larger watershed was cover cropped and no cover crops were applied to the 700-acre watershed. Continuous water samples are collected on a flow-proportional basis at the outlet of each watershed. Water samples are analyzed for nitrate, total phosphorus, and sediments. To determine the impact of cover crops on spring soil inorganic N form and location within the soil profile, spring soil samples are collected and are analyzed for ammonium and nitrate. </li> </ul> Ongoing studies by Dr. Keith Johnson, Dept. of Agronomy (<a href="mailto:johnsonk@purdue.edu">johnsonk@purdue.edu</a>) <ul> <li>Utilizing cover crops and summer annuals as double cropped forages following wheat . The objective is to determine the suitability and forage quality of ten crop species at varying nitrogen application rates. The crops that are being investigated are; grain amaranth, BMR sorghum sudangrass, pearl millet, teff, foxtail millet, oat, chickling vetch, forage turnip, and oilseed radish.</li> </ul> Ongoing studies by Dr. Lori Hoagland, Dept. of Horticulture (<a href="mailto:lhoaglan@purdue.edu">lhoaglan@purdue.edu</a>) <ul> <li>The long-term goal of Dr. Hoagland’s research program is to identify management practices that will improve nutrient-use efficiency, help plants withstand biotic and abiotic stress, and reduce colonization by human pathogens. To this end, she studies how management practices, including cover crops, affect the composition and activity of soil microbial communities. The majority of her research is currently being conducted in intensively managed vegetable production systems, but she has also worked in grain production systems as well. Recent studies have provided evidence that including cover crops and amending soil with compost can increase the diversity and abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and thereby help plants withstand drought stress. Soils fertilized with leguminous cover crops are better able to withstand infection by soil-borne plant pathogens, and have lower abundance of potential human pathogens than soils fertilized with urea. Finally, growing certain species and varieties of cover crops increase populations of microbial taxa with biocontrol activity and ameliorate disease incidence in soil infested with long-lived soil-borne plant pathogens.</li> </ul> Ongoing studies by Dr. William Johnson addresses the following 9 topics: <ul> <li>Utilizing cover crops for weed suppression in buffer areas of auxin tolerant soybeans. Goal is to see if there is a weed control benefit in areas where 2,4-D or dicamba cannot be used in the label mandated buffer areas.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Utilizing cover crops for weed suppression in no-till corn. Goal is to see if we can obtain weed control benefits to using cereal rye based cover crop systems in no-till corn.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Impact of cover crops on residual herbicide degradation. Goal is to see if cover crops speed up degradation of residual herbicides.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Evaluation of Herbicide Treatments for Termination of Canola as a Winter Cover Crop. Influence of Fall Establishment and Spring Termination Timings of Annual Ryegrass on Corn Yields.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Additional Topics: The role of cover crops in the epidemiology of Goss’s wilt, Palmer amaranth control provided by annual ryegrass and cereal rye, Spring termination of cover crops with herbicides, The effect of herbicide residues on cover crop establishment, The effect of planting green on corn and soybean yield, The effect of a failed cover termination on corn and soybean yield, The effect of cover crops on control of herbicide resistant weeds in corn.</li> </ul>  Ongoing studies by Dr. Bryan Young, and Dr. Bill Johnson, Dept. of Botany and Plant Pathology (<a href="mailto:BryanYoung@purdue.edu">BryanYoung@purdue.edu</a>;  <a href="mailto:WGJ@purdue.edu">WGJ@purdue.edu</a>) Young--We have two projects with the United Soybean Board that are being conducted collaboratively with the Univ. of WI, Univ. of MO, Univ. of TN, and Univ. of AR. <ul> <li>Evaluation of potential herbicide carryover to fall-seeded cover crops. <ul> <li>Johnson--conducts applied research on weed control provided by cover crops, spring termination of cover crops with herbicides, and the effect of herbicide residues on cover crop establishment.</li> </ul> </li> <li>Field research investigating the interaction of soil residual herbicides applied in the spring with cereal rye on control of Palmer amaranth and tall waterhemp in soybean production (United Soybean Board Funded).</li> </ul> <ul> <li>The effect of cover crops on herbicide persistence will be initiated by a new Ph.D. student in 2019.</li> </ul> Christian Krupke, Dept. of Entomology (<a href="mailto:ckrupke@purdue.edu">ckrupke@purdue.edu</a> ) —Extension work speaking with producers and consultants about the insect pest management challenges associated with cover crops, and how to scout for and manage them. Some long-term or always ongoing studies continues: <ul> <li>Cereal rye or other cover crops used in tile drainage research project, where nitrate is measured in tile drainflow.  Long-term (25+yrs) but no simultaneous comparison without cover crop.  Could make more measurements related to N cycling, if regional collaboration.</li> <li>Biomass crops, new and old work (Miscanthus, switchgrass)</li> <li>Ongoing work on pest suppression (disease, nematode, weeds) and in vegetable production (Dept. of Botany and Plant Pathology; Dept. of Horticulture)</li> <li>Always ongoing work on forages for hay or grazing (Dr. Keith Johnson, Dept. of Agronomy, <a href="mailto:johnsonk@purdue.edu">johnsonk@purdue.edu</a>)</li> </ul> Extension/Education/Outreach/On-farm trials <ul> <li>Cover crop interest and adoption continue to be strong in Indiana. Purdue Extension is an active partner in the Indiana Conservation Partnership (NRCS, Soil and Water Conservation Districts (SWCD), Conservation Cropping Systems Initiative (CCSI), Indiana State Department of Agriculture (ISDA), State Soil Board, and Purdue Extension).  The Partnership continues to provide core cover crop training and advanced soil health and cover crop trainings to conservation field staff, and to host or partner on numerous workshops and field days aimed at farmers.  We also work with farmers conducting on-farm trials of cover crops vs. no cover crops and often use those farmers as part of the training cadre for field staff and farmers.  Education about soil health is embedded within almost all activities and educational events.  Joe Rorick is the Conservation Agronomist working with CCSI and Purdue; others heavily involved with CCSI programs include Stephanie McLain and Barry Fisher (NRCS), Lisa Holscher (CCSI, SWCD), and Eileen Kladivko, Shalamar Armstrong, and Walt Sell (Purdue). </li> </ul> <ul> <li>In 2019, CCSI provided technical, logistical and promotional support for 70 events, reaching nearly 7000 attendees.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>These included CCSI-SARE PDP train the trainer series, 10 events, over 300 attendees, Core Cover Crops, Core Soil Health Systems, Advanced Cover Crops, Advanced Soil Health Systems, Soil Health and Sustainability for Midwestern Field Staff, 10 invited talks to over 550 people including farmers, ICP staff, and crop advisors.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>12 Soil Health Podcasts with Hoosier Ag Today – typically featuring a soil health farmer + an ag/conservation professional</li> </ul> <ul> <li>John Kempf Workshops ‐ 400+ attendees, with 80% from Amish and Mennonite communities. Partners included SWCDs, NRCS, ISDA and Extension (from 7 counties) along with Byron Seed</li> </ul> <ul> <li>National FFA Convention ‐ Soil health and cover crop demonstrations to 2366 attendees from 42 states. Partners include the Indiana Soil Health Teams, USDA‐NRCS, CCSI, National FFA, Wrangler Jeans.</li> </ul> Other notable outreach Prevented planting was a big issue in the exceptionally wet spring of 2019.  We were involved with numerous colleagues within Purdue system and state/national agencies and surrounding states, to provide guidance on options for prevented planting acres with cover crops.  The MCCC put out some information on our website.  The MCCC also worked with partners (especially Ryan Stockwell and Rob Myers) on drafting guidelines to help provide “written advice” for producers using the new RMA cover crop termination guidelines that came out in June 2019.We also revised a Purdue Extension publication on Prevented Planting: <ul> <li>Kladivko, E. and B. Fisher. Cover crops for prevented planting acres. Purdue Exten. Publ. AY-355-W.  <a href="https://mdc.itap.purdue.edu/item.asp?Item_Number=AY-355-W">https://mdc.itap.purdue.edu/item.asp?Item_Number=AY-355-W</a> </li> </ul>   Graduate students and post-docs <ul> <li>D. students, 4 M.S. students</li> </ul>

Publications

NCCC 211 Collaborator Publications 2019-2020   Peer reviewed publications   Nebraska   Blanco-Canqui, H., S. Ruis, C. Proctor, C. Creech, M. Drewnoski, and D. Redfearn. 2020. Harvesting cover crops for livestock and biofuel production: Another ecosystem service? Agron. J. doi:10.1002/agj2.20165.   Ruis, S., Blanco-Canqui, H, Elmore, R.W., Proctor, C., Koehler-Cole, K., Ferguson, R.B., Francis, C.A., Shapiro, C.A. 2020. Impacts of cover crop planting dates on soils after four years. Agron. J. doi:10.1002/agj2.20143.   Koehler-Cole, K., R. Elmore, H. Blanco-Canqui, C. Francis, C. Shapiro, C. Proctor, D. Heeren, S. Ruis, S. Irmak, and R. Ferguson. 2020. Cover Crop Productivity and subsequent soybean yields. Agron. J. doi:10.1002/agj2.20232.   Sciarresi, C., C. Proctor, E. Haramoto, L. Lindsey, G. Carmona, R. Elmore, S. Everhart, W. Looker, M. Marroquin-Guzman, J. McMechan, J. Wehrbein, R. Werle, M. Salmeron. 2019. Evaluating short-season soybean management adaptions for cover crop rotations with a crop simulation model. Field Crop Research. Accepted. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107734.   Basche, A.D., DeLonge, M. 2019. Comparing infiltration rates in soils managed with conventional and alternative farming methods: a meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 14(9) e0215702. 10.1371/journal.pone.0215702   Kansas   Carver, E., N.O. Nelson, K.L. Roozeboom, and M.B. Kirkham. 2020. Species and Termination Method Effects on Phosphorus Loss from Plant Tissue. J. Environ. Qual. (in-press). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20019">https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20019</a>   Fontes GP, Tomlinson PJ, Roozeboom KL, Warren J, Diaz DR. Nitrogen fertilization offsets the N2O mitigating effects of cover-crops and double-crop soybean in a wheat-sorghum system. Agron J. Accepted 12/2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20095">https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20095</a>.   Duncan, E. W., D. L. Osmond, A. L. Shober, L. Starr, P. Tomlinson, J. L. Kovar, T. B. Moorman, H. M. Peterson, N. M. Fiorellino, K. Reid. 2019. Phosphorus and Soil Health Management Practices. Agricultural & Environmental Letters 4 (1). doi:10.2134/ael2019.04.0014.   Wisconsin   Cates, A.M., M.D. Ruark, A.S. Grandy, and R.J. Jackson. 2019. Small soil C cycle response to three years of cover crops in maize cropping systems. Agric. Ecosyst. & Environ. 286, 106649 DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2019.106649   Ivancic, K.A., M.D. Ruark, F.J. Arriaga, and E.M. Silva. 2019. Spring-seeded green manures continue to demonstrate variable benefits on sandy soil. HortScience 54:2031-2038. DOI: 10.21273/HORTSCI14262-19   Minnesota   Mohammed, Y.A., Matthees, H.L., Gesch, R., … , Wells, M.S., and Lenssen, A. 2019. Establishing Winter Annual Cover Crops by Interseeding into Maize and Soybean. Agronomy Journal. In Press, 2019.   Hoerning, C.H.,* D.L. Wyse, M.S. Wells, R.W. Gesch, and F. Forcella. 2018 Light competition and weed suppression in winter annual oilseed relay-cropping system. Agron.J. Accepted Aug. 2019. doi: 10.2134/agronj2019.01.0006; Date posted: July 27, 2019.   Cubins, J.*, Wells, M.S., Frels, K., Ott, M., … , Gesch, R. Management of pennycress as a winter cash cover crop. Agronomy for Sustainable Development. Accepted Aug. 2019.   Zanetti, F., T.A. Isbell, R.W. Gesch, R.L. Evangelista, E. Alexopoulou, B. Moser, and A. Monti. 2019. Turning a burden into an opportunity: pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.) a new oilseed crop for biofuel production. Biomass and Bioenery 130:1-7.   Weyers, S.L., M.D. Thom, F. Forcella, C.A. Eberle, H.L. Matthees, R.W. Gesch, M. Ott, G.W. Feyereisen, J.S. Strock, and D.L. Wyse. 2019. Potential for nutrient loss reduction in winter oilseed cover cropped systems in the Upper Midwest.  Journal of Environmental Quality 48:660-669.   Ott, M.A., C.A. Eberle, M.D. Thom, D.W. Archer, F. Forcella, R.W. Gesch, and D.L. Wyse. 2019. Economics and agronomics of relay-cropping pennycress and camelina with soybean in Minnesota. Agronomy Journal 111:1281-1292.   Gesch, R.W., D.S. Long, D. Palmquist, B.L. Allen, D.W. Archer, J. Brown, J.B. Davis, J.L. Hatfield, J.D Jabro, J.R. Kiniry, M.F. Vigil, E.A. Oblath and T.A. Isbell. 2019. Agronomic performance of Brassicaceae oilseeds in multiple environments across the western United States. Bioenergy Res. DOI:10.1007/s12155-019-09998-1.   Everett, L.A., Wilson, M.L., Pepin, R.J., & Coulter, J.A. (2019). Winter Rye Cover Crop with Liquid Manure Injection Reduces Spring Soil Nitrate but Not Maize Yield. Agronomy, 9(12), 852. doi: 10.3390/agronomy9120852   Liu§, R., Wells, MS & Garcia y Garcia, A. 2019. Relay and sequential cropping corn with winter oilseed crops in northern climates. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst. doi: 10.1007/s10705-019-10036-x   Joshi*, VR, KR Thorp, JA Coulter, GA Johnson, PM Porter, JS Strock, and A Garcia y Garcia. 2019. Improving Site-Specific Maize Yield Estimation by Integrating Satellite Multispectral Data into a Crop Model. Agronomy, 9(11), 719. doi: 10.3390/agronomy9110719.   Liu§, R, MS Wells, and A Garcia y Garcia. 2019. Cover crop potential of winter oilseed crops in the Northern U.S. Corn Belt. doi: 10.1080/03650340.2019.1578960     Iowa   Acharya, J., A. Robertson, T.C. Kaspar, and A.W. Lenssen. 2020.  Effect of cover crop species and rotation on corn and soybean seedling disease and yield in no-till system. Plant Disease: in press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-19-1904-RE">https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-19-1904-RE</a>   Banik, C., C.A. Bartel, D.A. Laird, K.J. Moore, A.W. Lenssen. 2020. Perennial cover crop impacts on soil C and N and maize productivity. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-019-10030-3">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-019-10030-3</a>   Bartel, C.A., S. Archontoulis, A.W. Lenssen, K.J. Moore, I. Huber, D. Laird, Z. Fei, and P. Dickson. 2020.  Simulating impacts of perennial cover crops on annual grain crop growth and yield.  Agronomy Journal: in press.   DOI:10.1002/agj2.20108   Marcillo, G.S., S. Carlson, M. Filbert, T. Kaspar, A. Plastina, and F.E. Miguez. 2019. Maize system impacts of cover crop management decisions: A simulation analysis of rye biomass response to planting populations in Iowa, U.S.A. Agricultural Systems 176:102651.   Moore, K.J., Anex, R.P., Elobeid, A.E., Fei, S.Z., Flora, C.B., Goggi, A.S., Jacobs, K.L., Kaleita, A.L., Jha, P., Laird, D.A., Karlen, D.L., Lenssen, A.W., Lubberstedt, T., McDaniel, M.D., Ramen, D.R., and Weyers, S.L. 2019. Regenerating agricultural landscapes with perennial groundcover for intensive crop production. Agronomy: 9:458; doi:10.3390/agronomy9080458   Muhammed, Y.A., H.L. Matthees, R.W. Gesch, S. Patel, F. Forcella, K. Aasand, N. Steffl, B.L. Johnson, M.S. Wells, and A.W. Lenssen. 2020. Establishing winter annual cover crops in the upper Midwest, USA: Interseeding into maize and soybean. Agronomy Journal: in press. doi: 10.2134/agronj2019.06.0415   Schenck, L.A., M.G. Bakker, T.B. Moorman, and T.C. Kaspar. 2019. Effects of cover crop presence, cover crop species selection and fungicide seed treatment on corn seedling growth. Renew. Agric. Food Syst. 34:93-102.   North Dakota   Andersen, B., D.P. Samarappuli, A. Wick and M.T. Berti. 2020. Faba bean and pea can provide late-fall forage grazing without affecting maize yield the following season. Agronomy, 10:80.   Delavarpour, N., S. Eshkabilov, T. Bon, J. Nowatzki, and S. Bajwa. 2020. Performance comparison of two guidance systems for agricultural equipment navigation. DSMIE, 541-551. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22365-6_54   Mohammed, Y.A., H.L. Matthees, R.W. Gesch, S. Patel, F. Forcella, K. Aasand, N. Steffl, B.L. Johnson, M.S. Wells, and A.W. Lenssen. 2019. Establishing winter annual cover crops by interseeding into maize and soybean. Agron. J. doi: 10.2134/agronj2019.06.0415.   Delavarpour, N., S. Eshkabilov, T. Bon, J. Nowatzki, and S. Bajwa. 2019. The performance analysis of tactile and ultrasonic sensors for planting, fertilizing, and cultivating cover crops. ASABE.doi: https://doi.org/10.13031/aim.201901247   Peterson, A., D. Samarappuli, and M.T. Berti. 2019. Intersowing cover crops into standing soybean in the US Upper Midwest. Agronomy 9: 264 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9050264   Wittenberg, A., J.V. Anderson, and M.T. Berti. 2019. Winter and summer annual biotypes of camelina have different morphology and seed characteristics Ind. Crops Prod. 135:230-237   Anderson, J.V., A. Wittenberg, H. Li., and M.T. Berti. 2019. High throughput phenotyping of Camelina sativa seeds for crude protein, total oil and fatty acids profile by near infrared spectroscopy. Ind. Crops Prod. 137:501-507.   Acharya, K., G. Yan, and M.T. Berti. 2019. Can camelina, crambe, and brown mustard reduce soybean cyst nematode populations? Ind. Crops. Prod. 140:111637.   Indiana Nevins, C.J., C. Lacey and S.D. Armstrong. 2019. The synchrony of cover crop decomposition, enzyme activity, and nitrogen availability in a corn agroecosystem. (Accepted to Soil and Tillage Research) Thompson, N., S.D. Armstrong, R. Roth, and M.D. Ruffatti. 2019. Direct short-run economic returns to a predominantly cereal rye cover crop mix in a traditional midwest corn-soybean rotation. (In Press, Agronomy Journal) Lacey, C., C. J. Nevins, J. Camberato, E. Kladivko, and S.D. Armstrong. 2019. Carbon and nitrogen release from cover crop residues and implications for cropping systems management. (In Press,  Journal of Soil and Water Conservation). Ruffati, M.D., R. Roth, C. Lacey, and S.D. Armstrong. 2019. Impacts of nitrogen application timing and cover crop inclusion on subsurface drainage water quality. Agricultural Water Management 211:81-88. Campbell, T.M., J. T. Ikley, W.G. Johnson, and K. A. Wise. 2019. Impact of inoculum concentration on Goss’s Wil development on corn and alternative hosts. Plant Health Progress 20 (3): 155-159.     Extension and other publications   Kansas Extension publications/bulletins: Chism, L. I.; Dille, J. A.; and Sassenrath, G. F. (2019) "Using Cover Crops as an Effective Weed Control Method in Southeast Kansas," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 5: Iss. 2. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7743">https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7743</a>   Farney, J. K. (2019) "Cattle Preference for Annual Forages," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 5: Iss. 2. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7732">https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7732</a>   Farney, J. K. and Sassenrath, G. F. (2019) "Evaluating Single and Multi-Species Summer Cover Crops for Biomass Yield," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 5: Iss. 2. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7733">https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7733</a>   Holman, J.; Obour, A.; Schlegel, A.; Roberts, T.; and Maxwell, S. (2019) "Determining Profitable Forage Rotations," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 5: Iss. 7. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7806">https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7806</a>   Obour, A. K.; Holman, J. D.; Dille, J. A.; and Kumar, V. (2019) "Effects of Spring-Planted Cover Crops on Weed Suppression and Winter Wheat Grain Yield in Western Kansas," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 5: Iss. 6. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7784">https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7784</a>   Obour, A. K.; Holman, J. D.; and Jaeger, J. R. (2019) "Cover Crop Management Effects on Soil Water Content and Winter Wheat Yield in Dryland Systems," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 5: Iss. 6. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7785">https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7785</a>   Sassenrath, G. F. and Farney, J. K. (2019) "Biomass Production of Single Species Cover Crop," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 5: Iss. 2. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7744">https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7744</a>   Sassenrath, G. F.; Little, C.; Roozeboom, K.; Lin, X.; and Jardine, D. (2019) "Controlling Soil-Borne Disease in Soybean With a Mustard Cover Crop," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 5: Iss. 2. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7740">https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7740</a> Starr, L. M.; Tomlinson, P. J.; Nelson, N. O.; Stewart, C. L.; Roozeboom, K. L.; Kluitenberg, G. J.; and Presley, D. R. (2019) "Effects of Cover Crops and Phosphorus Fertilizer Management on Soil Health Parameters in a No-Till Corn-Soybean Cropping System in Riley County, Kansas," Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 5: Iss. 6. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7802">https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.7802</a>.   Conference Proceedings and Abstracts:   Nelson, N.O. and P.J. Tomlinson. 2019. Connecting Environmental Aspects of Nutrient Management and Conservation Planning. In Annual Meetings Abstracts. ASA, and CSSA, Madison, WI.   Starr L., C. Stewart, P.J. Tomlinson, N.O. Nelson, D.R. Presley, G.J. Kluitenberg and K.L. Roozeboom. 2019. Seasonal Effects of Cover Crops and Phosphorus Fertilizer Management on Soil Health Parameters in a No-till Corn-Soybean Cropping System in North Eastern Kansas. In Annual Meetings Abstracts. ASA, and CSSA, Madison, WI.   Stewart, C., L. Starr, P.J. Tomlinson, N.O. Nelson, D.R. Presley, G.J. Kluitenberg and K.L. Roozeboom. 2019. Seasonal Effects of Cover Crops and Phosphorus Fertilizer Management on PLFA and Microbial Biomass in a No-till Corn-Soybean Cropping System in North Eastern Kansas. In Annual Meetings Abstracts. ASA, and CSSA, Madison, WI.   Wills, S., K.S. Veum, C. Caudle, D.L. Osmond, J.L. Heitman, S. Crossman, L. Starr, P.J. Tomlinson, D.R. Presley, I. Madsen, K. Naasko, H. Tao, W.L. Pan, K.L. Lewis, P.B. DeLaune, L. Adams, F.J. Arriaga, G.C. Liles, S. Perrone, J.M. Grossman, R. O'Kelley, D.D. Myrold, C.M. Ugarte and M.P. Robotham. 2019. Incorporating Soil Biological Indicators into Soil Survey: Microbial Community Structure and Enzymatic Activity. In Annual Meetings Abstracts. ASA, and CSSA, Madison, WI.   Tomlinson, P.J. and N.O. Nelson. 2019. Connecting Environmental Aspects of Nutrient Management and Conservation Planning.  In Annual Meetings Abstracts. SWCS, Ankeny, IA.   Extension publications/bulletins:   Prevented plant acres planted to cover crops: Kansas NRCS program and RMA rule changes Jul 3, 2019.  K-State Extension, Agronomy e-Updates. Issue 756.   Wisconsin   Conference Proceedings and Abstracts:   Francis, H.R., M.D.Ruark et al. 2019. Nitrogen benefits when interseeding red clover into continuous corn. ASA-SSSA-CSSA annual meeting, San Antonio, TX.   Rui, Y., J. Lang, A. Smith, E. Omondi, M.D. Ruark et al., 2019. Assessing the benefits of cover crop-based organic no-till practices on soil health. ASA-SSSA-CSSA annual meeting, San Antonio, TX.   Extension publications/bulletins: Ruark, Smith, and Shelley. 2019. Wisconsin Cover Crop Recipe, Post corn silage, going to corn: Use cereal rye. Midwest Cover Crop Council Publication, MCCC 118   Ruark, Smith, and Shelley. 2019. Wisconsin Cover Crop Recipe, Post corn silage, going to soybean: Use cereal rye. Midwest Cover Crop Council Publication, MCCC 119   Smith, D.H., V.M. Moore, M. Ruark, and E. Silva. 2019. Interseeding cover crops in row-cultivated corn. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Division of Extension Publication A4175.   Ruark, M., J. West, and G. Siemering. 2019. Cover crops, manure, and nitrogen management. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Division of Extension Publication A4178   North Dakota   Proceedings publications   Berti, M.T.*, G. Yan, D. Samarappuli, A. Peterson, A. Wittenberg, and J.V. Anderson. 2019. Potential benefits to the environment by integrating winter camelina in current cropping systems of the northern Great Plains of the USA. p. 131 In European Biomass Conference and Exhibition. 27-30 May 2019, Lisbon, Portugal. Available at http://www.etaflorence.it/proceedings/index.asp (verified 10 June 2019).   Zanetti, F., M. Christou, E. Alexopoulou, M.T. Berti, A. Vecchi, A. Borghesi, and A. Monti. 2019. Innovative double cropping systems including camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] a valuable oilseed crop for bio-based applications. p. 127-130 In European Biomass Conference and Exhibition. 27-30 May 2019, Lisbon, Portugal. Available at http://www.etaflorence.it/proceedings/index.asp (verified 10 June 2019).   Berti, M.T.*, D. Samarappuli, and G. Pourhashem. 2019. Environmental impact of crops and agricultural residues as feedstocks for bio-based product development.  In 5th Latin-American Biorefineries Congress, Concepcion, Chile 7-9 January, 2019.  Available at <a href="http://www.biorrefinerias.cl">www.biorrefinerias.cl</a>   Abstracts and Presentations at conferences, workshops, symposiums   Sigdel, S., M. Berti, S.C. Leiva, and A. Chatterjee. 2020. Cover crop inter-seeding under sugarbeet production. Presented at the 50th Annual Sugarbeet Research Reporting Session of SREB, Fargo, ND, 14 January 2020.   Berti, M.T. 2020. Cover crop seed regulations and crop variety v. selection. Cover Crops In-Service, An in-person training for NDSU Extension agents, NRCS, and SCD personnel. Carrington, ND, 13 January 2020. Invited.   Berti, M.T. 2020. Selecting cover crops by function. An in-person training for NDSU Extension agents, NRCS, and SCD personnel. Carrington, ND, 13 January 2020. Invited.   Keena, M. Cover crop identifications. An in-person training for NDSU Extension agents, NRCS, and SCD personnel. Carrington, ND, 13 January 2020   Meehan, M. Cover crops cost calculator debut. 2020. An in-person training for NDSU Extension agents, NRCS, and SCD personnel. Carrington, ND, 13 January 2020   Ostlie, M. 2020.  Herbicide considerations prior to and after planting cover crops. An in-person training for NDSU Extension agents, NRCS, and SCD personnel. Carrington, ND, 13 January 2020.   Sedivec, K.  2020. Selecting appropriate mixes when integrating livestock. An in-person training for NDSU Extension agents, NRCS, and SCD personnel. Carrington, ND, 13 January 2020   Mozea, K. M.T. Berti, K. Sedivec, A. Peterson, A. Wittenberg, S. Cabello, and A. Greenberg. 2020. Biomass yield and botanical composition of annual forage mixtures for grazing. American Forage and Grassland Council Conference Greenville, SC, 5-8 January 2020.   Berti, M.T. 2019. Managing soybean cyst nematode with cover crops. Prairie Grains Conference Grand Forks, 11-12 December 2019. Invited   Berti, M.T. 2019.Timing and establishment of cover crops. Dakota Innovation Research and Technology Workshop Fargo, ND, 9-11 December 2019. Invited   Berti, M.T. and Y. Lawley 2019. High protein forage options and interseeding alfalfa in corn. Dakota Innovation Research and Technology Workshop Fargo, ND, 9-11 December 2019. Invited   Cabello, S., S. Podder, M.T. Berti, D. Samarappuli, B. Andersen, A. Wittenberg, and A. Peterson. 2019. Cover crops decrease initial water content, sugarbeet root yield, and residual NO3-N in the northern Great Plains. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings, San Antonio, TX, 10-13 November 2019.   Cabello, S., S. Podder, M.T. Berti, D. Samarappuli, B. Andersen, A. Wittenberg, and A. Peterson. 2019. Legume fall-planted cover crops slightly increased corn yield in the northern Great Plains.  ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings, San Antonio, TX, 10-13 November 2019.   Gasch, C., and A. Wick. 2019. Filling the fallow: Adventures in on-farm cover crop research and demonstration in North Dakota. Invited oral presentation in a cover crop symposium, ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX, 10-13 November 2019.   Patel, S., A.W. Lenssen, K.J. Moore, and M.T. Berti. 2019. Increasing overall productivity by intercropping corn and alfalfa. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings, San Antonio, TX, 10-13 November 2019.   Puka-Beals, J. and G.G. Gramig. 2019. Combining cover crops, strip tillage, and novel mulches to manage weeds in carrot. SA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings, San Antonio, TX, 10-13 November 2019.   Wittenberg, A., M.T. Berti, A. Peterson, D.P. Samarappuli, A. Greenberg, K. Mozea, S. Cabello, S. Podder, and J.V. Anderson. 2019. Sowing date affects winter camelina stand. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings, San Antonio, TX, 10-13 November 2019.   Sigdel, S. M.T. Berti, S. Cabello-Leiva, and A. Chatterjee. 2019. Interseeding cover crops under sugarbeet production. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings, San Antonio, TX, 10-13 November 2019.   Franzen, D.W., M.T. Berti, S. Matthews, and A. Wick. 2019. Increase in non-exchangeable ammonium after cover crop rye and forage radish. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meetings, San Antonio, TX, 10-13 November 2019.   Berti, M.T., 2019. Importance of integrating cover crops into cropping systems.  First International Cover Crops Conference, Lanzhou, China 20-26 September 2019. Invited speaker.   Anderson, J.V., W. Chao, D.P. Horvath, M.T. Berti and R.W. Gesch. 2019. Evaluation of winter hardy oilseed cover crops suitable for developing multi-cropping systems in cold and growth-limiting climates. First International Cover Crops Conference, Lanzhou, China 20-26 September 2019. Wittenberg, A., M.T. Berti, A. Peterson, D.P. Samarappuli, A. Greenberg, K. Mozea, S. Cabello, S. Podder, and J.V. Anderson. 2019. Fall sowing dates in camelina affected plant density. 31th Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Industrial Crops (AAIC). Tucson, AZ, 8-11 September 2019.   Berti, M.T. 2019. Forages, biomass, and cover crops production research. Annual meeting regional committee NCCC31 “Ecophysiological Aspects of Forage Management”. Madison, WI, 17-18 July 2019.   Gasch, C., J. Harmon, T. DeSutter, and A. Wick. 2019. Beyond salt chemistry: how the whole soil-plant-insect system responds to salinity and what it means for crop production and management. Poster presentation, Soil Ecology Society Biennial Meeting, Toledo, OH. June.   Berti, M.T., G. Yan, D. Samarappuli, A. Peterson, A. Wittenberg, and J.V. Anderson. 2019. Potential benefits to the environment by integrating winter camelina in current cropping systems of the northern   Great Plains of the USA. In European Biomass Conference and Exhibition. 27-30 May 2019, Lisbon, Portugal. Available at http://www.etaflorence.it/proceedings/index.asp   Wittenberg, A. M.T. Berti, A. Peterson, S. Cabello, B. Andersen, and S. Podder. 2019. Industrial applications of processed camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] seed oil and meal. Annual EpsCor Conference, Fargo, ND. 27 March 2019.   Berti, M.T. 2019. Interseeding, nutrient cycling, alfalfa-corn intercropping, and winter camelina studies. Annual Coordinated Agricultural Program (CAP) project. Fargo, ND, 26-27 March, 2019.   Cabello-Leiva, S. and M.T. Berti, 2019. Cover crops decrease initial water content, sugarbeet yield, and residual N-NO3 in the northern Great Plains. 35th Annual Plant Science Graduate Student Symposium. Fargo, ND, 16-15 March, 2019.   Berti, M.T. 2019. Alfalfa management and production. Grazing Cover Crops Workshop, Dickinson, ND, 4 March 2019.   Berti, M.T. 2019.  Cover crops North Dakota report. Midwest Cover Crops Annual Conference. Springfield, IL. 20-21 February 2019.   Anderson, J.V., A. Nobriga, B. Bigger, M. Berhow and S. Vaughn. Evaluation of field pennycress as a useful oilseed cover crop for suppression of weeds in the Northern Great Plains. 59th Annual Meeting of the Weed Science Society of America, New Orleans, LA, 11-14 Feb. 2019.   Extension publications/bulletins:   Ruark, M. and D. Franzen. 2020. Nitrogen availability from cover crops: Is it always about the C:N ratio? Crop & Soils Magazine. DOI: 10.1002/crso.20003   Berti, M.T. 2019 Full-season cover crops mixtures for grazing.  Forage Focus, March 2019. p. 6   Wick, A., M.T. Berti, and L. Briese. 2019.  Starting with cover crops in North Dakota.  Midwest Cover Crops Council cover crop recipe. Bull MCCC-102.  Available at mccc.msu.edu.statesprovince/north-dakota/   Wick, A., F. Casey, C. Gasch, A. Daigh, D. Ripplinger, B. Nelson, J. Harmon, D. Ritchison, T. DeSutter, A. Chatterjee, 2019 (In Review).  Soil Health and Agriculture Research Extension (SHARE) Farm, NDSU Soil Health Booklet.   Kandel, H. NDSU Extension Sets Cover Crop Field Day http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/news/newsreleases/2019/aug-19-2019/ndsu-extension-sets-cover-crop-field-day.   Kandel, H. and M. Berti NDSU Extension Cover Crop Field Day. Crop and Pest Report, Aug. 29. No 15:1-2. https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/cpr/news-events-updates/ndsu-extension-cover-crop-field-day-08-29-19. <a href="https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/cpr/plant-science/cover-crop-tour-ndsu-campus-fargo-09-12-19">https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/cpr/plant-science/cover-crop-tour-ndsu-campus-fargo-09-12-19</a>.   Sedivec, K., M. Meehan and J. Block. Grazing/Harvesting Rule Change to Benefit Producers               <a href="https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/news/newsreleases/2019/july-8-2019/grazing-harvesting-rule-change-to-benefit-producers/view">https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/news/newsreleases/2019/july-8-2019/grazing-harvesting-rule-change-to-benefit-producers/view</a>   Meehan, M. Four Keys for Grazing Cover Crops. Progressive Cattleman. September 2019.   Meehan, M. Tips for Fall Grazing Cover Crops. North Dakota Stockmen. September 2019.   Meehan, M. and K. Sedivec. Keys for Fall Grazing Cover Crops               <a href="https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/news/newsreleases/2019/sept-9-2019/ndsu-extension-offers-tips-for-fall-grazing-cover-crops">https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/news/newsreleases/2019/sept-9-2019/ndsu-extension-offers-tips-for-fall-grazing-cover-crops</a>   Videos and webinars:   Wick, A.F, 2019, DIRT Workshop Coverage. AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDrjXG3k0Iw   Wick, A.F, 2019, DIRT Workshop Preview with Lee Briese. AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHF9z3nCNrY Wick, A.F, 2019, Winter Camelina. AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B1J83URX3OQ   Wick, A.F, 2019, Comparing Warm and Cool Season Grasses. AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a1X6DvjB8KQ   Wick, A.F, 2019, Cover Crops on Prevented Plant. AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vkciX3Pu-mw   Wick, A.F, 2019.  Soil Sense Podcast Release. AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VR739G95tFs   Wick, A.F, 2019, Nitrogen Release Study. AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pJfY9WD6PSM   Wick, A.F, 2019, Cover Crops for Prevent Plant and Grazing. AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2BACUDQUqM   Wick, A.F, 2019, What’s to Come in the Soil Health Minute. AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fm_d-GnzWo8   Wick, A.F.  2019.  Soil Health Café Talks Cover a Wide range of Topics, AgWeek TV Soil Health Minute, Fargo Communications Production, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fpkps3Skq0   Podcasts   Wick, A.F.  2019.  Soil Sense Podcast Series, 16 Episodes with different guests, Host: Tim Hammerich (12,026 plays as of 2/12/20).               Decades of Building Soil Health, Joe Breker, October 31               SHARE Farm Reflections and Insights, Ken Johnson, Jean Henning, October 24               Managing Salts, Allie Slykerman, October 17               Integrating Cattle and Cover Crops, Luke Ressler, October 10               Soil Physics and Soil Biology, Aaron Daigh, October 3               Building Soil Health on your Toughest Field, Doug Toussaint, September 26               Salinity and Sodicity Issues, Naeem Kalwar, September 19               Improving Soil Health Over Generations, Lee Trautman, September 12   Cover Crops, Marisol Berti, September 5               Taking Off with Soil Health, Matt Nelson, August 29   Lessons Learned form 20 Years of Crop Consulting, Lee Briese, August 22   Challenges of Building Soil Health in Cool Wet Climates, Sam Landman, August 15               Precision Ag for Healthier Soils, Dave Franzen and Anthony Thilmony, August 4               Soil Fertility, Dave Franzen and Anthony Thilmony, August 1   Soil Health Systems on the Farm, Tony Wagner, August 1               Setting the Stage for Soil Health in North Dakota, Abbey Wick, July 29   Wick, A.F. 2019. Shark Farmer Radio Show Guest, XM Rural radio 147, September 24.   Wick, A.F. 2019. Importance of Aggregation for Soil Health.  March 13, Webinar, No-Till Farmer Magazine, sponsored by Illinois Soybean Association, ND Corn Council, ND Soybean Council (337 pre-registered attendees; 531 views since posting on-line).    Wick, A.F., J. Fuhrer. 2019.  Ideas for Working Alongside Farmers to Improve Soil Health.  March 12, Webinar, SSSA/ASA Webinar Series for CCA’s, sponsored by General Mills (over 1,000 pre-registered attendees).    Wick, A.F.  2018.  Nerding Out about Soil Health with Dr. Abbey Wick.  Future of Ag Podcast, Host: Tim Hammerich.   Nebraska Conference Proceedings and Abstracts: Basche, A, Wortman, S, Park, D, Haramoto, E, Tully, K, Smith, R., Renner, K, Ryan, M. Developing a multi-institution cover crop course. Poster presentation. Midwest Cover Crops Council Annual Meeting. Kansas City MO. February 2020.   Chatterjee, N., Archontoulis, S.V., Bastidas, A., Proctor, C.A., Elmore, R.W. and Basche, A., Modified Corn Management for Earlier Cover Crop Introduction in a Corn-Soybean Rotation System. Oral Presentation. Agronomy-Crop Science Societies of America. San Antonio TX. November 2019.   Krupek, F.S., Chatterjee, N., Hird, A., Redfearn, D.D. and Basche, A. Comparisons of Soil Health Assessments between Different Transitions to Soil Health Management Systems in Nebraska. Poster Presentation. Agronomy-Crop Science Societies of America. San Antonio TX. November 2019.   Koehler-Cole, K., A. Basche, N. Chatterjee, and D. Redfearn. Midwest Cover Crop Council (MCCC), Kansas City, MI, “Cover crops in on-farm trials – A summary from Nebraska” (Feb 6, 2020)   Koehler-Cole, K., Gu, Y., Everhart, S. E., Marroquin Guzman, M. M., Proctor, C. A., Redfearn, D. D., Elmore, R. American Society of Agronomy (ASA), San Antonio, TX, "Do cover crops have allelopathic effects on row crops? A review" (Nov 13, 2019)   Koehler-Cole, K., Glewen, K., McMechan, J. A. ASA, San Antonio, TX, "Microbial abundance and diversity after rye cover crops", (Nov 13, 2019).   Ruis, S. E., Blanco, H., Yang, H., Koehler-Cole, K., Elmore, R., Creech, C. C., Jasa, P., Francis, C. A. ASA, San Antonio, TX, "Predicting cover crop biomass for expanded uses in the Great Plains" (Nov 11, 2019).   Extension publications/bulletins: “Cover Crop Selector Tool” – Nebraska counties added to row crop tool on the MCCC website - <a href="http://mccc.msu.edu/covercroptool/covercroptool.php">http://mccc.msu.edu/covercroptool/covercroptool.php</a>   “Cover Crop Recipes” – Post Corn, Going to Soybean & Post Soybean, Going to Corn – released on the MCCC website. <a href="http://mccc.msu.edu/getting-started/cover-crop-recipes/">http://mccc.msu.edu/getting-started/cover-crop-recipes/</a>   Nebraska On-Farm Research Network. 2019. Results publication. (includes 17 cover crop experiments) <a href="https://cropwatch.unl.edu/OnFarmResearch/2019NebraskaOnFarmResearchReport.pdf">https://cropwatch.unl.edu/OnFarmResearch/2019NebraskaOnFarmResearchReport.pdf</a>   Basche, A. 2019. How much cover crop biomass is needed for weed control? <a href="https://cropwatch.unl.edu/2019/cover-crop-weeds-res">https://cropwatch.unl.edu/2019/cover-crop-weeds-res</a>   Rees, J., R. Elmore, C. Proctor, S. Melvin, M. Sindelar. 2019. Interseeding cover crops into corn or soybean. University of Nebraska Lincoln, CropWatch. <a href="https://cropwatch.unl.edu/2019/interseeding-cover-crops-corn-or-soybean">https://cropwatch.unl.edu/2019/interseeding-cover-crops-corn-or-soybean</a>   Koehler-Cole, K., C. Proctor, R. Elmore, R. Little, D. Wedin. March 27, 2020. Spring-planted cover crops for weed control in organic soybean. CropWatch. <a href="https://cropwatch.unl.edu/2020/spring-planted-cover-crops-weed-control-organic-soybean">https://cropwatch.unl.edu/2020/spring-planted-cover-crops-weed-control-organic-soybean</a>   Koehler-Cole, K., J. Brandle, C. Shapiro, C. Francis. March 11, 2020. Undersowing red clover into winter wheat as an N source for corn. CropWatch. <a href="https://cropwatch.unl.edu/2020/undersowing-red-clover-winter-wheat-n-source-corn">https://cropwatch.unl.edu/2020/undersowing-red-clover-winter-wheat-n-source-corn</a>   Koehler-Cole, K. September 16, 2019. Optimum planting times to establish cover crops following corn. CropWatch. <a href="https://cropwatch.unl.edu/2019/research-optimum-planting-times-cover-crops">https://cropwatch.unl.edu/2019/research-optimum-planting-times-cover-crops</a>   Media features   No-Till Farmer, How much cover crop growth is needed for weed control? https://www.no-tillfarmer.com/articles/8464-how-much-cover-crop-growth-is-needed-for-weed-control   Nebraska Farmer, Farmers find solutions through soil health initiative. https://www.farmprogress.com/soil-health/farmers-find-solutions-through-soil-health-initiative   Nebraska Farmer, Identifying practices to mitigate drought, floods https://www.farmprogress.com/soil-health/identifying-practices-mitigate-drought-floods   Wallace’s Farmer, Cover crops can help fight weed resistance. https://www.farmprogress.com/cover-crops/cover-crops-can-help-fight-weed-resistance   Omaha World Herald. "Let this soak in: roots in soil between crops can reduce flood impact, UNL researcher says" <a href="https://www.omaha.com/money/let-this-soak-in-roots-in-soil-between-crops-can/article_6140d7f1-cfd5-5871-8ed4-6c10e66756ca.html">https://www.omaha.com/money/let-this-soak-in-roots-in-soil-between-crops-can/article_6140d7f1-cfd5-5871-8ed4-6c10e66756ca.html</a>   Live radio interview with AgriTalk on October 24th regarding research published in PLoS ONE on infiltration rates and cover crops. Listen link is available at: <a href="https://www.agweb.com/agritalk">https://www.agweb.com/agritalk</a>   UNL University Communications. Analysis IDs ag practices to fight flood, drought. https://news.unl.edu/newsrooms/today/article/analysis-ids-ag-practices-to-fight-flood-drought/   No-till farmer. Which farming practices help soils absorb heavy rains? https://www.no-tillfarmer.com/articles/9187-which-farming-practices-help-soils-absorb-heavy-rains Proctor, C. The Benefits of Interseeding. September 2019. Market Journal. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j5pOFhVRTD4">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j5pOFhVRTD4</a>   Basche, A. Soil Health and Management. January 2020. Market Journal. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5DIDAMBgSkU&feature=youtu.be   Minnesota   Conference Proceedings and Abstracts: Yesuf Assen Mohammed, Heather L. Matthees, Russ W. Gesch, Swetabh Patel, Frank Forcella, Burton L. Johnson, M. Scott Wells and Andrew W. Lenssen. 2019. Seed and Oil Yields of Winter Annual Oilseed Crops Interseeded into Maize (Zea mays L.)  and Soybean [(Glycine max (L.) Merr.)]. 2019. Abstract accepted and presented at the Association of Advancement of Industrial Crops (AAIC) Annual Meeting, Sep. 8-11, Tucson, AZ.   Yesuf Assen Mohammed, Heather L. Matthees, Russ Gesch, Swetabh Patel, Frank Forcella, Kyle Aasand, Nicholas Steffl, Burton Johnson, M. Scott Wells and Andrew W. Lenssen. Interseeding winter annual cover crops in upper Midwest, USA. 2019. Cover crops establishment, corn and soybean grain yield. Abstract accepted for oral presentation at the 2019 ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meeting. Nov. 10-13, 2019, San Antonio, TX   Julija A. Cubins, Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, M. Scott Wells, Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, Maninder K. Walia, Cooperative Extension, University of Nevada-Reno, Fallon, NV and Russ Gesch, USDA-ARS-North Central Soil Conservation Research Laboratory, Morris, MN. 2019.  <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/120924">Harvest Aid Effect on Pennycress Plant and Seed Moisture, Seed Yield, and Oil Content</a>. ASA.   Cody Hoerning1, Donald L. Wyse2, Katherine Frels2, M. Scott Wells3, James A. Anderson4 and Senyu Chen5, (1)MN, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, (2)Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, (3)Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, (4)Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, (5)Southern Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Waseca, MN. 2019. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/122112">Field Assessment of Heterodera Glycines Populations in Winter Oilseed Cover Crop Rotation.</a> ASA.   Florence Sessoms1, Eric Watkins2, M. Scott Wells3, Nancy Jo Ehlke3, Dominic P Petrella2, Donn Vellekson3 and Alexander Hard3, (1)Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St Paul, MN, (2)Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, (3)Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN. 2019. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/119584">Fine Fescues As Living Mulch in Minnesota Cropping Systems</a> ASA.   Maninder K. Walia, Cooperative Extension, University of Nevada-Reno, Fallon, NV, M. Scott Wells, Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, Julija A. Cubins, Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, Donald L. Wyse, Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, Frank Forcella, USDA-ARS, Morris, MN and Russ Gesch, USDA-ARS-North Central Soil Conservation Research Laboratory, Morris, MN.2019. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/122047">Harvest Aids Influence on Winter Camelina Seed Yield and Quality</a>. ASA.   Julija A. Cubins1, M. Scott Wells2, Roger L. Becker2, Gregg A. Johnson3, Maninder K. Walia4, William Lazarus5 and Russ Gesch6, (1)Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, (2)Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, (3)Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Waseca, MN, (4)Cooperative Extension, University of Nevada-Reno, Fallon, NV, (5)University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, (6)USDA-ARS-North Central Soil Conservation Research Laboratory, Morris, MN. 2019. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/120762">Agronomic and Economic Challenges of the Emerging Soybean-Pennycress Cropping System</a>. ASA.   Jeffrey A. Vetsch, Southern Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Waseca, MN, Fabian G. Fernandez, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St Paul, MN, M. Scott Wells, Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN and Daniel E. Kaiser, Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN. 2019. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/118931">Vegetative Cover Crops As a Nitrate Reduction Strategy for Tile Drainage Water.</a> ASA.   Matthew A. Ott, Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, Katherine Frels, Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, Ratan Chopra, MN, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St Paul, MN, M. David Marks, Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN and M. Scott Wells, Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN. 2019. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/120812">Pennycress (Thlaspi arvense) Yield Peaks at Low Nitrogen Rate</a>   Russ W. Gesch, M. Scott Wells, Alex Hard, James Eklund, Joe Boots, and Yesuf A. Mohammed. Establishing winter annual oilseeds in a maize system. 2019 Association of Advancement of Industrial Crops (AAIC) Annual Meeting, Sep. 8-11, Tucson, AZ.   Stephen Gregg, Jeffrey S. Strock, Russ Gesch, Jeffrey A. Coulter, and Axel Garcia y Garcia. Winter camelina response to nitrogen for the intensification of corn-soybean production in the Upper Midwest.   2019 ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meeting. Nov. 10-13, 2019, San Antonio, TX. Russ W. Gesch, Maninder K. Walia, and Brent Hulke. Double-cropped sunflower after winter camelina in the Northern Corn Belt. 2019 ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meeting. Nov. 10-13, 2019, San Antonio, TX.   Russ W. Gesch, Brent Hulke, James V. Anderson. Field evaluation of early maturing oilseed sunflower double-cropped after winter camelina. National Sunflower Association Research Forum, Fargo, ND, January 8-9, 2020.   Gregg*, S, JS Strock, RW Gesch, JA Coulter, A Garcia y Garcia. 2019. Winter Camelina Response to Nitrogen for the Intensification of Corn-Soybean Production in the Upper Midwest. San Antonio, TX, Nov 10-13. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/119652">https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/119652</a>   Joshi*, VR, JA Coulter, and A Garcia y Garcia. 2019. Characterizing Maize Nitrogen Stress through Nitrogen Nutrition Index, Chlorophyll Meter and a Dynamic Crop Model. San Antonio, TX, Nov 10-13. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/122661">https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/122661</a>   Ranaivoson§, A, JS Strock, A Garcia y Garcia, and GA Johnson. 2019. Transforming Agriculture: Adopting Cropping Systems That Enhance Productivity, Promote Yield Stability, and Increase Resilience. San Antonio, TX, Nov 10-13. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/119653">https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/119653</a>    KC*, R, GA Johnson, JS Strock, NR Jordan, and A Garcia y Garcia. 2019. Performance of Fall Planted Winter-Killed Cover Crops in Corn-Soybean Rotation and Tillage Practices. San Antonio, TX, Nov 10-13. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/119178">https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/119178</a>   Ranaivoson§, A, JS Strock, BJ Dalzell, G Feyereisen, and A Garcia y Garcia. 2019. Bioreactors As a Management Practice for Nutrient Removal from Agricultural Drainage in the Upper Mississippi River Basin. San Antonio, TX, Nov 10-13. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/119643">https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/119643</a>   Strock, JS, A Ranaivoson, BJ Dalzell, G Feyereisen, and A Garcia y Garcia. 2019. Low-Grade Weirs As a Management Practice for Nutrient Removal in Agricultural Drainage Ditches in the Upper Mississippi River Basin. San Antonio, TX, Nov 10-13. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/119635">https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/119635</a>   Joshi*, VR, JA Coulter, and A Garcia y Garcia. 2019. Modeling Maize Response to Nitrogen at Different Environmental Conditions. San Antonio, TX, Nov 10-13. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/121957">https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/121957</a>   Garcia y Garcia, A, R Liu, JS Strock, and MS Wells. 2019. Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Double-Cropping Oilseed Crops with Corn. Abstracts of the SSSA International Soils Meetings. San Diego, CA, January 6-9. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019sssa/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/116329">https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019sssa/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/116329</a>   Strock, JS, M Coulter, A Ranaivoson, A Garcia y Garcia, and BJ Dalzell. 2019. Integrated Landscape Management for Agricultural Production and Water Quality: Design. Abstracts of the SSSA International Soils Meetings. San Diego, CA, January 6-9. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019sssa/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/115437">https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019sssa/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/115437</a>   Ranaivoson§, A, JS Strock , A Garcia y Garcia, and BJ Dalzell. 2019. Integrated Landscape Management for Agricultural Production and Water Quality: Results. Abstracts of the SSSA International Soils Meetings. San Diego, CA, January 6-9. <a href="https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019sssa/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/115441">https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2019sssa/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/115441</a>   Extension publications/bulletins:   Moore, S., Wells, M.S., Wilson, M., Gesch, R. and Becker, R. Pennycress picks up after sweetcorn. Dec. 2019. Minnesota Crop News Blog. <a href="https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu/2019/12/pennycress-picks-up-after-sweetcorm.html">https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu/2019/12/pennycress-picks-up-after-sweetcorm.html</a>   Cates, A., Shahl, L., Garcia, A., Wells, M.S. MN Cover Crop Recipes now Available. Oct. 2019. Minnesota Crop News Blog. <a href="https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu/2019/10/mn-cover-crops-recipes-now-available.html">https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu/2019/10/mn-cover-crops-recipes-now-available.html</a>   Wilson M, Stahl L. 2019. Applying manure in late summer or early fall? Try cover crops. In: Minnesota Crop News Blog. 19 Aug. <a href="https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu/2019/08/applying-manure-in-late-summer-or-early.html">https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu/2019/08/applying-manure-in-late-summer-or-early.html</a>   Stahl, E, A Cates, A Garcia y Garcia, and MS Wells. 2019. Minnesota Cover Crop Recipe – Post Soybean, Going to Corn: Use Oats. Midwest Cover Crops Council (MCCC-115). Online: <a href="http://mccc.msu.edu/minnesota-cover-crop-recipe-post-soybean-going-corn-use-oats/">http://mccc.msu.edu/minnesota-cover-crop-recipe-post-soybean-going-corn-use-oats/</a>   Stahl, E, A Cates, A Garcia y Garcia, and MS Wells. 2019. Minnesota Cover Crop Recipe – Post Corn, Going to Soybean: Use Cereal Rye. Midwest Cover Crops Council (MCCC-114). Online: <a href="http://mccc.msu.edu/minnesota-cover-crop-recipe-post-corn-going-soybean-use-cereal-rye/">http://mccc.msu.edu/minnesota-cover-crop-recipe-post-corn-going-soybean-use-cereal-rye/</a>   Joshi*, V, J Coulter, K Thorp, G Johnson, P Porter, J Strock, and A Garcia y Garcia. 2019. Site-specific estimation of corn yield response to nitrogen fertilizer. <a href="https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu/2019/08/site-specific-estimation-of-corn-yield.html">https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu/2019/08/site-specific-estimation-of-corn-yield.html</a>   Rusch*, H, JA Coulter, J Grossman, G Johnson, P Porter, and A Garcia y Garcia. 2019. Cover crop strategies to improve nitrogen cycling in corn. <a href="https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu/2019/08/cover-crop-strategies-to-improve.html">https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu/2019/08/cover-crop-strategies-to-improve.html</a>   Joshi*, V, J Coulter, M Kazula, S Naeve, and A Garcia y Garcia. 2019. In-season weather data give reliable estimates of corn and soybean yields. <a href="https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu/2019/06/in-season-weather-data-give-reliable.html">https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu/2019/06/in-season-weather-data-give-reliable.html</a>   Rusch*, H, JA Coulter, J Grossman, G Johnson, P Porter, and A Garcia y Garcia. 2019. Interseeding cover crops in corn. (<a href="https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu/2019/06/interseeding-cover-crops-in-corn.html">https://blog-crop-news.extension.umn.edu/2019/06/interseeding-cover-crops-in-corn.html</a>)   Iowa   Conference Proceedings and Abstracts   Araldi da Silva, G., Han, G., Mueller, D., and Leandro, L. 2019. Effect of rye cover crop on soybean root disease and productivity. 51st Brazilian Phytopathological Congress. 27-30 Aug, 2019, Recife, Brazil   Araldi da Silva, G., Han, G., Mueller, D., and Leandro, L. 2019. Effect of cover crops on soybean pathogens, root diseases, and productivity. 51st Brazilian Phytopathological Congress. . 27-30 Aug, 2019, Recife, Brazil Acharya, J.N.A., T. Kaspar, T. Moorman, A. Lenssen, and A.E. Robertson. 2019. Cover crop rotation effects on growth and development, seedling disease and yield of corn and soybean in no-till production system. American Phytopathological Society annual meeting, 3-7 August 2019. Cleveland, OH.    Acharya, J. A., Kaspar, T.C., Moorman, T., Lenssen, A. and Robertson, A.E. 2019. Cover crop rotation effects on growth and development, seedling disease and yield of corn and soybean in a no-till production system. Phytopathology 109.S2.140   Bartel, C., S.V. Archontoulis, A.W. Lenssen, K.J. Moore, I. Huber, D.A. Laird, S.-Z. Fei and P. Dixon. 2019. Modeling perennial groundcover effects on annual maize grain crop growth with ApSIM.  ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings. 10-14 Nov 2019, San Antonio TX.   Benning, J., M. Licht, and M. Helmers. 2019 Decision tools for conservation systems success. Integrated Crop Management Conference, Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, Ames, IA. Dec. 4 – 5.   Chen, A., S.-Z. Fei, A.W. Lenssen and K.J. Moore. 2019. Perennial Cover Crop Systems for Maize Grain and Biomass Production. ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings. 10-14 Nov 2019, San Antonio TX.   Kurtz, S.M., Acharya, J.A., Kaspar, T.C., Moorman, T. and Robertson, A.E. 2019. Does the proximity of corn seedlings to terminated winter rye affect seedling disease development caused by Pythium species? (Abstr.). Phytopathology 109.S2.139   Mohammed, Y.A., H. Matthees, R. Gesch, S. Patel, F. Forcella, K. Aasand, N. Steffl, B.L. Johnson, M.S. Wells, and A.W. Lenssen. 2019. Winter Annual Cover Crops and Inter-Seeding Dates Evaluation in Upper Midwest, USA. ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings. 10-14 Nov 2019, San Antonio TX.   Mohammed, Y.A., H.L. Matthees, R. Gesch, S. Patel, F. Forcella1, B. Johnson, M.S. Wells, and A.W. Lenssen. 2019. Seed and Oil Yields of Winter Annual Oilseed Crops Interseeded into Maize (Zea mays L.)  and Soybean [Glycine max (L.)]. International meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Industrial Crops, 23-26 Sept 2019, London, ON, Canada   Patel, S., A.W. Lenssen, K.J. Moore and M.T. Berti. Increasing Overall Productivity by Intercropping Corn and Alfalfa. ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings. 10-14 Nov 2019, San Antonio TX.   Patel, S., A.W. Lenssen and K.J. Moore. Relay Cropping Soybean with Oil Seed Cover Crops. ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings. 10-14 Nov 2019, San Antonio TX.   Tylka, G., Harbach, C., and Wlezien, E. 2019. Cover crops and the soybean cyst nematode. Integrated Crop Management Conference, Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, Ames, IA. Dec. 4 – 5.   Extension and Outreach Bulletins, Articles, and Blogs Becker, S. 14 February 2019. Taming the Waterhemp Beast With Cover Crops. Practical Farmers Blog. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/02/taming-the-waterhemp-beast/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/02/taming-the-waterhemp-beast/</a>.   Becker, S. 18 April 2019. Terminating Cereal Rye Cover Crop Before Corn. Practical Farmers Blog. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/04/terminating-rye-before-corn/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/04/terminating-rye-before-corn/</a>.   Becker, S. 16 May 2019. Cover Crop and Reduced Tillage Benefits in the Field and Beyond. Practical Farmers Blog. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/05/cover-crop-and-reduced-tillage-benefits-in-the-field-and-beyond/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/05/cover-crop-and-reduced-tillage-benefits-in-the-field-and-beyond/</a>.   Bower, A. 15 January 2019. Select the Right Corn and Soybean for Your Extended Rotation and Save! Practical Farmers Blog. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/01/select-the-right-corn-and-soybean-for-your-extended-rotation-and-save/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/01/select-the-right-corn-and-soybean-for-your-extended-rotation-and-save/</a>.   Bower, A. 4 March 2019. How to Apply for EQIP Funding for Small Grains Production. Practical Farmers Blog. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/03/how-to-apply-for-eqip-funding-for-small-grains-production/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/03/how-to-apply-for-eqip-funding-for-small-grains-production/</a>.   Bower, A. 14 March 2019. Downsizing Fertilizer Bills with a Summer Cover Crop. Practical Farmers Blog. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/03/downsizing-fertilizer-bills-with-a-summer-cover-crop/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/03/downsizing-fertilizer-bills-with-a-summer-cover-crop/</a>.   Carlson, S. 24 May 2019. Prevented Planting and Cover Crop Options for 2019. Practical Farmers Blog. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/05/2015-prevent-plant-cover-crop-options/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/05/2015-prevent-plant-cover-crop-options/</a>.   Carlson, S. 3 April 2019. Guest Blog: Cover Crops Protect Local Drinking Water Supplies. Practical Farmers Blog. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/04/guest-blog-cover-crops-protect-local-drinking-water-supplies/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/04/guest-blog-cover-crops-protect-local-drinking-water-supplies/</a>.   Clay, Rebecca. 20 September 2019. Thinking About Growing Cereal Rye for Cover Crop Seed? Consider these 6 Factors. Practical Farmers Blog. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/09/thinking-about-growing-cereal-rye-for-cover-crop-seed-consider-these-six-factors/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/09/thinking-about-growing-cereal-rye-for-cover-crop-seed-consider-these-six-factors/</a>.   Comito, J. 22 January 2019. Iowa’s Secretary of Agriculture Mike Naig. Conservation Chat, Iowa Learning Farms, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="http://conservationchat.libsyn.com/cc-39-iowas-secretary-of-agriculture-mike-naig">http://conservationchat.libsyn.com/cc-39-iowas-secretary-of-agriculture-mike-naig</a>.   Comito, J. 19 February 2019. Improving Iowa’s water quality. Conservation Chat, Iowa Learning Farms, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="http://conservationchat.libsyn.com/cc-40-improving-iowas-water-quality">http://conservationchat.libsyn.com/cc-40-improving-iowas-water-quality</a>.   Comito, J. 22 August 2019. Soil health, listening and legacy with Marty Adkins Conservation Chat, Iowa Learning Farms, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="http://conservationchat.libsyn.com/cc-46-soil-health-listening-and-legacy-with-marty-adkins">http://conservationchat.libsyn.com/cc-46-soil-health-listening-and-legacy-with-marty-adkins</a>.   Comito, J. Ben and Andy Johnson: Saving time with conservation. Conservation Chat, Iowa Learning Farms, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="http://conservationchat.libsyn.com/cc-49-ben-and-andy-johnson-saving-time-with-conservation">http://conservationchat.libsyn.com/cc-49-ben-and-andy-johnson-saving-time-with-conservation</a>.   Filbert, M. 2019. Compaction in Grazed Cover Crop Fields. <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/research/soil-compaction-in-grazed-cover-crop-fields/">https://practicalfarmers.org/research/soil-compaction-in-grazed-cover-crop-fields/</a>.   Gailans, S. 2019. Winter Cereal Rye Cover Crop Effect of Cash Crop Yield – Year 10. Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/research/winter-cereal-rye-cover-crop-effect-of-cash-crop-yield-year-10/">https://practicalfarmers.org/research/winter-cereal-rye-cover-crop-effect-of-cash-crop-yield-year-10/</a>.   Gailans, S. 2019. Planting Corn in 60-in. Row-Widths for Interseeding Cover Crops. Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/research/planting-corn-in-60-in-row-widths-for-interseeding-cover-crops/">https://practicalfarmers.org/research/planting-corn-in-60-in-row-widths-for-interseeding-cover-crops/</a>.   Gailans, S. 2019. Establishing Cover Crop Skip Zones for Corn. Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/research/establishing-cover-crop-skip-zones-for-corn/">https://practicalfarmers.org/research/establishing-cover-crop-skip-zones-for-corn/</a>.   Gailans, S. 2019. No-till vs. Strip-till Corn and Soybeans Following a Cereal Rye Cover Cover Crop. Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/research/no-till-vs-strip-till-corn-and-soybeans-following-a-cereal-rye-cover-crop/">https://practicalfarmers.org/research/no-till-vs-strip-till-corn-and-soybeans-following-a-cereal-rye-cover-crop/</a>.   Gailans, S. 2019. Terminating Cover Crops After Planting Soybeans. Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/research/terminating-cereal-rye-cover-crops-after-planting-soybeans/">https://practicalfarmers.org/research/terminating-cereal-rye-cover-crops-after-planting-soybeans/</a>.   Gailans, S. 2019. Cover Crop Termination Date Before Corn. Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/research/cereal-rye-cover-crop-termination-date-before-corn/">https://practicalfarmers.org/research/cereal-rye-cover-crop-termination-date-before-corn/</a>.   Gailans, S. 2019. Interseeding Cover Crops to Corn At V2 Stage. Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/?post_type=research&p=13835&preview=true">https://practicalfarmers.org/?post_type=research&p=13835&preview=true</a>.   Gailans, S. 2019. Co-seeding Legumes With Corn. Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at https://practicalfarmers.org/research/co-seeding-legumes-with-corn/   Gailans, S. 2019. Interseeding Date for Cereal Rye Cover Crop In Seed Corn. Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/research/interseeding-date-for-cereal-rye-cover-crop-in-seed-corn/">https://practicalfarmers.org/research/interseeding-date-for-cereal-rye-cover-crop-in-seed-corn/</a>.   Gailans, S. 2019. Does Repeated Use of Cereal Rye Cover Crop Reduce the Need For N Fertilizer For Corn? Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/research/does-repeated-use-of-a-cereal-rye-cover-crop-reduce-the-need-for-n-fertilizer-for-corn/">https://practicalfarmers.org/research/does-repeated-use-of-a-cereal-rye-cover-crop-reduce-the-need-for-n-fertilizer-for-corn/</a>.   Kaspar, T. and M. Licht. 2019. Post soybean, going to corn: Use oats. Iowa Cover Crop Recipe. MCCC-104 and CROP 3159. Midwest Cover Crop Council, West Lafayette, IN.   Kaspar, T. and M. Licht. 2019. Post corn, going to soybean: Use cereal rye. Iowa Cover Crop Recipe. MCCC-103 and CROP 3158. Midwest Cover Crop Council, West Lafayette, IN.   Kolbe, L. 2019. Brassica Production Following a Grazed Cover Crop. Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/research/brassica-production-following-grazed-cover-crop/">https://practicalfarmers.org/research/brassica-production-following-grazed-cover-crop/</a>.   Licht, M. 2019. A look at cover crop seeding methods. ICM Blog, Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, Ames, IA.   Licht M., Juchems L., Comito J., Helmers M. and Carlson S.; Demonstrating Cover Crop Mixtures on Iowa Farmland: Management, Soil Health, and Water Quality Benefits; 2018 Armstrong Research and Demonstration Farm Research Progress Report; Available: <a href="https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/farmprogressreports/vol2017/iss1/32">https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/farmprogressreports/vol2017/iss1/32</a>   Licht M., Juchems L., Comito J., Helmers M. and Carlson S.; Demonstrating Cover Crop Mixtures on Iowa Farmland: Management, Soil Health, and Water Quality Benefits; 2018 Northeast Research and Demonstration Farm Research Progress Report; Available: <a href="https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/farmprogressreports/vol2017/iss1/32">https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/farmprogressreports/vol2017/iss1/32</a>   Licht M., Juchems L., Comito J., Helmers M. and Carlson S.; Demonstrating Cover Crop Mixtures on Iowa Farmland: Management, Soil Health, and Water Quality Benefits; 2018 Northern Research and Demonstration Farm Research Progress Report; Available: <a href="https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/farmprogressreports/vol2017/iss1/32">https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/farmprogressreports/vol2017/iss1/32</a>   Nelson, H. 2019. Soybean Row-Width and Seeding Date When Using a Roller-Crimper for Cereal Rye Cover Crop. Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/research/soybean-row-width-and-seeding-date-when-using-a-roller-crimper-for-cereal-rye-cover-crop/">https://practicalfarmers.org/research/soybean-row-width-and-seeding-date-when-using-a-roller-crimper-for-cereal-rye-cover-crop/</a>.   Nelson, H. 2019. Cereal Rye Cover Crop For Reducing Herbicides in Soybeans. Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/research/cereal-rye-cover-crop-for-reducing-herbicides-in-soybeans/">https://practicalfarmers.org/research/cereal-rye-cover-crop-for-reducing-herbicides-in-soybeans/</a>.   Nelson, H. 2019. Corn Planting Date Following A Cover Crop. Practical Farmers of Iowa. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/research/corn-planting-date-following-cover-crop-termination-can-corn-be-planted-into-a-freshly-terminated-cover-crop/">https://practicalfarmers.org/research/corn-planting-date-following-cover-crop-termination-can-corn-be-planted-into-a-freshly-terminated-cover-crop/</a>.   * Iowa Learning Farms, Ames, IA had over 40 blogs with Cover Crop topic tags. Available at <a href="https://iowalearningfarms.wordpress.com/tag/cover-crops/">https://iowalearningfarms.wordpress.com/tag/cover-crops/</a> Videos and webinars Anderson, M. 11 July 2019. Agronomists in the Know: What About Cover Crops for Prevented Planting? Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Anderson, M. 23 August 2019. C.I. Cover Crop Spotlights: ISU Herbicide Considerations for CC. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.    Bower, A. and Carlson, S. 14 November 2019. Potato Sustainability Initiative. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Carlson, S. 5 April 2019. NWF Cover Crop Researcher Presentation. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.    Carlson, S. 28 May 2019. Sustainable Funders Soil Health Training. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Comito, J. 16 January 2020. A Conservation Chat with Mike Naig, Iowa Secretary of Agriculture. Iowa Learning Farms Conservation Webinar Series, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://vimeo.com/user42671352/review/311759699/1c37563b37">https://vimeo.com/user42671352/review/311759699/1c37563b37</a>.   Comito, J. 25 April 2019. C.I. Cover Crop Spotlights: How many CC are in Iowa? Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.    DeLong, C. 24 May 2019. C.I. Cover Crop Spotlights: Conservation Media Library. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Filbert, M. 1 November 2019. C.I. Cover Crop Spotlights: IA Grazing Cover Crop Pilot. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Isaacson, P. 22 February 2019. C.I. Cover Crop Spotlights: People’s Company, Stine Seed CC Initiative. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Lundy, E. and Vittetoe, R. 20 November 2019. ISU research focuses on integrating cover crops for grazing into row crop enterprises. Iowa Learning Farms Conservation Webinar Series, Ames, IA. Montag, A. 22 March 2019. C.I. Cover Crop Spotlights: Montag, Hagie CC Highboy. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://vimeo.com/user42671352/review/374492707/1815a0f58b">https://vimeo.com/user42671352/review/374492707/1815a0f58b</a>.   Peterson, S. 27 September 2019. C.I. Crop Spotlights: Biomass, Cover Crop Nexus IEDA. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Moeller, S. 28 June 2019. C.I. Cover Crop Spotlights: Iowa Seed Corn CC Initiative. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Nelson, H. 1 November 2019. Agronomists in the Know: Cereal Rye Seeding Rate by Seeding Date. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Nowatzke, L. 17 July 2019. The Iowa Nutrient Reduction Strategy measurement project: Tracking progress towards Iowa’s water quality goals. Iowa Learning Farms Conservation Webinar Series, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://vimeo.com/user42671352/review/348672353/011bbb5da0">https://vimeo.com/user42671352/review/348672353/011bbb5da0</a>   Nowatzke, L. 26 July 2019. C.I. Cover Crop Spotlights: INRS Measurements. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Practical Farmers of Iowa. 4 January 2019. Rob Stout Keynote Presentation – 2018. PFI Cooperators’ Meeting. Available at <a href="https://youtu.be/kTe3_39HwCg">https://youtu.be/kTe3_39HwCg</a>.   Practical Farmers of Iowa. 23 January 2019. Interseeding in 60-in. Corn Rows – 2018 PFI Cooperators’ Meeting. Available at <a href="https://youtu.be/rK5a60RRsHo">https://youtu.be/rK5a60RRsHo</a>.   Practical Farmers of Iowa. 2019. Starting a Cover Crop Seed Business: Mac Ehrhardt & Dean Sponheim – 2019 PFI Annual Conference. Available at <a href="https://youtu.be/CgKQgaPXdxU">https://youtu.be/CgKQgaPXdxU</a>.   Practical Farmers of Iowa 11 March 2019. Cover Crops for Weed Control in Field Crops: Anita Dille – 2019 PFI Annual Conference. Available at <a href="https://youtu.be/5P5LmEXKjNc">https://youtu.be/5P5LmEXKjNc</a>.   Practical Farmers of Iowa 16 April 2019. Jason Mauck: What Is Relay Intercropping And How Does It Pay? 2019 PFI Annual Conference. Available at <a href="https://youtu.be/7S1hRzBuMz4">https://youtu.be/7S1hRzBuMz4</a>.   Practical Farmers of Iowa. 30 April 2019. Planting Corn in 60-in. Row-Widths for Interseeding Cover Crops. Available at <a href="https://youtu.be/LVzjjOjRUJ8">https://youtu.be/LVzjjOjRUJ8</a>.   Practical Farmers of Iowa. 2 May 2019. Planter Setup for Planting Into Cover Crops. Available at <a href="https://youtu.be/1wcqbXZ1abY">https://youtu.be/1wcqbXZ1abY</a>.   Practical Farmers of Iowa. 21 June 2019. Field Day Sneak Peek: Cover Crops With Purpose, Sam Bennett. June 21, 2019. Available at <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fxq2xM4nbHI">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fxq2xM4nbHI</a>.   Rock, K. 27 December 2019. C.I. Cover Crop Spotlights: North Raccoon River Watershed Management Coalition. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Schleisman, M. 26 July 2019. Agronomists in the Know: Overseeding Into Standing Crop. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Schneider, K. 5 December 2019. Agronomists in the Know: Late Season Observations. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Steenhoek, A. 5 September 2019. Agronomists in the Know: Spikinng Fall Fertilizer with Cereal Rye. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Vittetoe, M. 19 February 2019. Precision Seeded Cover Crops. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/02/precision-seeded-cover-crops/">https://practicalfarmers.org/2019/02/precision-seeded-cover-crops/</a>.   Wandry, G. 25 January 2019. C.I. Cover Crop Spotlights 4R+. Farminar, Practical Farmers of Iowa, Ames, IA.   Waring, E. 15 May 2019. Cover crop impact on crop yield and water quality: Single species vs mixes. Iowa Learning Farms Conservation Webinar Series, Ames, IA. Available at <a href="https://vimeo.com/user42671352/review/336414388/3b501d6d62">https://vimeo.com/user42671352/review/336414388/3b501d6d62</a>.   Popular Press Articles Authored Becker, S. 2019. Taming the Waterhemp Beast. The Practical Farmer.   Becker, S. 12 July 2019. Managing Waterhemp With Cover Crops. Farm Progress. Available at <a href="https://www.farmprogress.com/cover-crops/cover-crops-can-help-fight-weed-resistance">https://www.farmprogress.com/cover-crops/cover-crops-can-help-fight-weed-resistance</a>.   Becker, S. 16 October 2019. Calculating the Real Numbers Behind Grazing Cover Crops. Farm Progress. Available at <a href="https://www.farmprogress.com/cover-crops/calculate-real-numbers-grazing-cover-crops">https://www.farmprogress.com/cover-crops/calculate-real-numbers-grazing-cover-crops</a>.   Bower, A. 18 March 2019. Downsizing Fertilizer Bills With a Summer Cover Crop. Farm Progress. Available at <a href="https://www.farmprogress.com/cover-crops/cover-crop-feeds-corn-crop">https://www.farmprogress.com/cover-crops/cover-crop-feeds-corn-crop</a>   Filbert, M. 2019. Grazing Year-Round. The Practical Farmer.   Filbert, M. 26 August 2019. Contract Grazing Cover Crops. Farm Progress. Available at <a href="https://www.farmprogress.com/grazing-systems/graze-more-instead-owning-more">https://www.farmprogress.com/grazing-systems/graze-more-instead-owning-more</a>.   Filbert, M. 26 August 2019. Grazing Year-Round. Farm Progress. Available at <a href="https://www.farmprogress.com/forage/grazing-year-round">https://www.farmprogress.com/forage/grazing-year-round</a>.   Gailans, S. 2019. Interseeding Cover Crops in Extra-Wide Corn Rows. The Practical Farmer.   Gailans, S. 2019. Seeking Strategies for Corn After Rye. The Practical Farmer.   Gailans, S. Using Science and On-Farm Research to Understand Cover Crops. The Practical Farmer.   Gailans, S. 2019. Clear Goals Are Key to Cover Crop Success. The Practical Farmer.   Iowa Learning Farms. February 2019. Ag secretary talks conservation. Wallaces Farmer. p.22. Farm Progress, Chicago, IL.   Iowa Learning Farms. April 2019. Cover crop acres rise at slower rate. Wallaces Farmer. p.28. Farm Progress, Chicago, IL.   Iowa Learning Farms. May 2019. Making conservation a normal way of doing business. Wallaces Farmer. online. Farm Progress, Chicago, IL.   Iowa Learning Farms. June 2019. Reaching out to emerging farmers. Wallaces Farmer. online. Farm Progress, Chicago, IL.   Iowa Learning Farms. June 2019. Worms: Harbingers of healthy soil. Wallaces Farmer. online. Farm Progress, Chicago, IL.   Iowa Learning Farms. June 2019. Online resources aid new farmers. Wallaces Farmer. p.20. Farm Progress, Chicago, IL.   Iowa Learning Farms. September 2019. Truly committed to conservation farming. Wallaces Farmer. online. Farm Progress, Chicago, IL.   Jones, T. 2019. Honored for Sustainability Efforts. The Practical Farmer.   McAndrew, M. 12 November 2019. Water Quality: A Delicate Balance. Available at <a href="https://www.farmprogress.com/water/water-quality-delicate-balance">https://www.farmprogress.com/water/water-quality-delicate-balance</a>.   Ohde, N. 2019. Speaking Up for Soil Health. The Practical Farmer.   Ohde, N. 2019. Conserving Through Collaboration. The Practical Farmer.   Tetrick, J. 24 January 2019. Interseeding Cover Crops In Extra-wide Corn Rows. Farm Progress. Available at <a href="https://www.farmprogress.com/cover-crops/interseeding-cover-crops-extra-wide-corn-rows">https://www.farmprogress.com/cover-crops/interseeding-cover-crops-extra-wide-corn-rows</a>.   Tetrick, J. 22 May 2019. New Email Newsletter Offers Latest Cover Crop Updates. Farm Progress. Available at <a href="https://www.farmprogress.com/cover-crops/new-email-newsletter-offers-latest-cover-crop-updates">https://www.farmprogress.com/cover-crops/new-email-newsletter-offers-latest-cover-crop-updates</a>.   Worley, S. 2019. Farming for a Sustainable Future. The Practical Farmer.   Worley, S. 2019. A Lifetime of Learning. The Practical Farmer.   Indiana Extension publications <ul> <li>Kladivko, E. and B. Fisher. Cover crops for prevented planting acres. Purdue Exten. Publ. AY-355-W.  <a href="https://mdc.itap.purdue.edu/item.asp?Item_Number=AY-355-W">https://mdc.itap.purdue.edu/item.asp?Item_Number=AY-355-W</a> </li> </ul> Conference Abstracts <ul> <li>Eagen, Sarah Seehaver; Ackroyd, Victoria J.; Golden, Lauren; Morrow, Anna Lee; Kladivko, Eileen J.; Reberg-Horton, Chris; Mirsky, Steven B. 2019. Cover Crops Councils: United in a Digital Environment. Agron. Abs.</li> <li>Hodgkiss, C., and W. G. Johnson 2019. Utilizing Cover Crops as a Form of Weed Suppression Prior to Auxin-Resistant Soybeans in Indiana. Proc. NCWSS</li> <li>Peterson, W., and W. G. Johnson. 2019. Cocklebur emergence under cereal rye residue before and after residual herbicide application. Proc. NCWSS</li> <li>Maia, L., W. Peterson, and W. G. Johnson. 2019. Impact of cereal rye termination on acetochlor weed control efficacy. Proc. NCWSS</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Armstrong, S.D., R.T. Roth, and M.D. Ruffatti. 2019. Impacts of cover crops on spring soil nitrogen distribution and concentration. SSSA International Soils Meeting, San Diego, CA.</li> <li>Roth R.T., C.G. Lacey, and S.D. Armstrong. 2019. Determining the fate of cereal rye nitrogen within the soil profile. SSSA International Soils Meeting, San Diego, CA.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Roth, R.T. and S.D. Armstrong. 2020. Is Cereal Rye an Effective Conduit for Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture in the Midwest? In Purdue Agronomy Graduate Student Organization Graduate Student Seminar Series. West Lafayette.</li> <li>Roth, R.T., Reeling, C.J., Armstrong, S.D. 2019. Stochastic Analysis of Economic Risk and Uncertainty Following Cover Crop Adoption. In Annual Meetings ASA. San Antonio.</li> <li>Roth R.T. and S.D. Armstrong. 2019. Understanding Cereal Rye Nitrogen Decomposition and Its Transition into Inorganic and Organic Soil Nitrogen Pools. In Annual Meetings ASA. San Antonio.</li> <li>Roth R.T. and S.D. Armstrong. 2019. Digital Cover Crop Phenotyping. In Purdue University College of Agriculture Digital Agriculture Roundtable. West Lafayette.</li> <li>Roth R.T. and S.D. Armstrong. 2019. Cover Crop Impact on Nitrogen Fate and Cash Crop Yield. In Universities Council on Water Resources Annual Conference. Snowbird.</li> <li>Armstrong, S.D., R.T. Roth, M.D. Ruffatti. 2019. Impacts of Cover Crops on Spring Soil Nitrogen Distribution and Concentration. In Annual Meetings SSSA. San Diego.</li> </ul>

Impact Statements

IN: Cover crop interest and adoption continues to grow in Indiana (~ 950,000 adopted acres). Therefore, the demand for training and services related to cover crops by the Conservation Partnership continues to increase. The Indiana Conservation Partnership includes NRCS, Soil and Water Conservation Districts (SWCD), Conservation Cropping Systems Initiative (CCSI), Indiana State Department of Agriculture (ISDA), State Soil Board, and Purdue Extension.