Annual/Termination Reports:

[12/15/2000] [01/03/2002] [01/23/2003] [03/29/2006] [08/25/2005] [01/04/2007]

Report Information

Participants

Aiken, Glen, USDA ARS SPA DBSFRC, gaiken@spa.ars.usda.gov; Aitken, Bryan, AgResearch USA Ltd., bn.aitken@xtra.co.nz; Atkerson, Gary, AgResearch USA Ltd., gatkersonsr@netscape.net; Bacon, Charles, USDA ARS, cbacon@saa.usda.ars.gov; Bondurant, Jane, Univ. of Georgia, jbondur@arches.uga.edu; Bouton, Joe, Univ. of Georgia, jbouton@arches.uga.edu; Broome, Malcolm, Mississippi State, Univ.,malcolmb@ext.msstate.edu; Browning, Richard, Tennessee State Univ., rbrowning@picard.tnstate.edu; Brauer, David, USDA ARS SPA, dkbrauer@spa.ars.usda.gov; Craig, Morrie, Oregon State Univ., a.morrie.craig@orst.edu; Cross, Dee, Clemson Univ., dcross@clemson.edu; Davis, Micheal, Alabama A & M and Auburn Univ., madavis@acesag.auburn.edu; Dougherty, C.T., Univ. of Kentucky, cdougher@ca.uky.edu; Evans, Richard, Mississippi State Univ., ricke@ext.msstate.edu; Fike, John, Virginia Tech Univ. , jfike@vt.edu; Fribourg, Henry, Univ. of Tennessee, fribourgh@utk.edu; Gwinn, Kimberly Univ. of Tennessee, kgwinn@utk.edu; Hohenboken, Bill, Virginia Tech Univ., whohenbo@vt.edu; Ivy, Roscoe, Mississippi State Univ., rli2@ra.msstate.edu; Lang, David, Mississippi State Univ., dlang@pss.msstate.edu; Maubarak, Ali, Univ. of Arkansas, maubarak@comp@uark.edu; Nihsen, Mike, Univ. of Arkansas, mnihsen@comp.uakr.edu; Ouart, Michael, Mississippi State Univ., michaelo@ext.msstate.edu; Piper, Ed, Univ. of Arkansas, epiper@mail.uark.edu; Post, Nathon, Univ. of Arkansas, npost@mail.uark.edu; Pratt, Phillip, Oklahoma State Univ., pphilli@okstate.edu; Rasburn, Freddie, Mississippi State Univ., freddier@ext.msstate.edu; Robertson, Benny, Pennington Seed, _forage1@excite.com; Rosenkrans, Charles, Univ. of Arkansas, crosenkr@comp.uark.edu; Rottinghaus, George, Univ. of Missouri, rottinghausg@missouri.edu; Seman, Dwight, USDA ARS, dseman@arches.uga.edu; Smith, David, Univ. of North Dakota, smithd@fargo.ars.usda.gov;Spiers, Donald, Univ. of Missouri, spiersd@missouri.edu; Stratton, Tony, AgResearch USA Ltd., aestratton@aol.com; Stuedemann, John, USDA ARS, jstuedem@arches.uga.edu; Tapper, Brian, AgResearch NZ, tapperb@agresearch.cri.nz; Thompson, Marty, Univ. of Arkansas, mcto3@uark.edu; Triplett, Jr., Glover, Mississippi State Univ., gtriplett@pss.msstate.edu; Waller, John, Univ. of Tennessee, jwaller@utk.edu; Watson, Richard, Univ. of Georgia, rhwatson@arches.uga.edu; Weidemann, Greg, Univ. of Arkansas, gweidema@comp.uark.edu; West, C., Univ. of Arkansas, cpwest@uark.edu; Winsett, Brett, FFR Cooperative, bwinsett@ffrcoop.org; Woods, Robert, Okahoma State Univ., woodsr@dasnr.okstate.edu

Project or Activity Leadership:

Chair: John Steudemann, jstuedem@arches.uga.edu
Chair-elect/Secretary: John Waller, jwaller@utk.edu

Brief Summary of Minutes

Institution reports were presented by participants representing; Mississippi, Arkansas, Missouri, Oregon, New Zealand, Georgia, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. A special report was presented on a review of the proceedings of the 4th International Neotyphodium/Grass Symposium by representatives from the group. Discussions were held on all the reports presented at the meeting. Committees were appointed to address:(1) Standards for Terminology Used in Fescue Toxicosis and (2) Investigate Analytical Techniques for Alkaloids and Endophytes. In addition, the group plans to have a web page developed before the next meeting so information can be presented to a broader audience including stakeholders with access to the web.

Accomplishments

The following were submitted by members of the group and are presented in alphabetical order by state rather than ranked by importance:<br /> <br><br /> <br>1. We produced novel combinations of >HiMag= tall fescue with non-toxic endophytes that do not produce fescue toxicosis in steers, but that do enhance fescue drought tolerance. This variety will provide another tool for farmers to reduce their economic losses due to fescue toxicosis while sustaining stable pastures under conditions of drought. West and Piper - Arkansas <br /> <br><br /> <br>2. Found strategy of re-infecting tall fescue cultivars with a naturally occurring, non-toxic endophyte was successful in reducing fescue toxicity symptoms in cattle and sheep, but with no loss of plant persistence and performance. Bouton - Georgia<br /> <br><br /> <br>3. The non-toxic endophyte from this study is being marketed under the name MaxQ in elite tall fescue cultivars for use by livestock producers. Bouton - Georgia<br /> <br><br /> <br>4. In response to a request by Pennington Seed Inc., three meetings were conducted for extension county agents in March 2000, to explain MaxQ technology for tall fescue. These meetings involved classroom presentations on the technology as well as field demonstrations on the grass. Field plots were hosted by Dr. Ivy at the Prairie Station and Dr. Lang, MSU Station. A third group toured a plot in Hinds County on the Ted Kendall farm. Excellent response was received from the 50 attendees, indicating they were glad to have this information before company advertisement got underway and were glad to know MSU had research underway. This fall 5-6 field plantings will be established across the state with county agents and producers to further evaluate this forage, especially if it is adapted to more southern locations. Broome - Mississippi <br /> <br><br /> <br>4. A drug (domperidone) has been developed that is effective for prevention and treatment of fescue toxicosis in pregnant mares. Cross -South Carolina<br /> <br><br /> <br>5. Stop the crisis of export of straw to Japan , Korea, and Taiwan. Manage solution to fescue toxicosis and perennial ryegrass staggers for 50,000 to of tall fescue and perennial ryegrass straw fed in the Northwest. Craig - Oregon <br /> <br><br /> <br> <br /> <br>6. Tall fescue pastures with mixtures of Neotyphodium coenophialum infected plants (E+) and E- plants increase in E+ infestation by 14% per year when grazed at moderate to heavy pressures, becoming highly infested within 4 years. The presence of clover (25-40%) in a tall fescue pasture counteracts about half of the negative effects on animal performance caused by N. coenophialum. Fribourg and Waller - Tennessee<br /> <br><br /> <br>7. Resistance Mechanisms in Mice Divergently Selected for Fescue Toxicosis Response. Lines of laboratory mice were divergently selected for response to toxins in endophyte-infected fescue. In subsequent evaluations, Resistant line mice suffered less depression in reproduction and growth on a toxin-containing diet than did Susceptible line mice. They also were more resistant to sporidesmin, a mycotoxin that had not been fed during the selection process. Resistant mice had higher activities than Susceptible mice of two hepatic toxin-metabolizing enzymes. It may be possible to reduce the economic impact of nutritional toxicoses in ruminants by selection for enhanced resistance. Hohenboken and Blodgett -Virginia Tech <br /> <br>

Publications

The reports published and distributed at the meeting will be presented on the home page for this group as titles with email addresses for contact person for anyone seeing more information.

Impact Statements

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Participants

Aiken, Glen, USDA ARS SPA DBSFRC, gaiken@spa.ars.usda.gov; Andrae, John, Univ. of Georgia, jandrae@uga.edu; Atkerson, Gary, AgResearch USA Ltd., gatkersonsr@netscape.net; Bacon, Charles, USDA-ARS, cbacon@saa.usda.ars.gov; Bondurant, Jane, Univ. of Georgia, jbondur@arches.uga.edu; Bouton, Joe, Univ. of Georgia, jbouton@arches.uga.edu; Broome, Malcolm, Mississippi State University, malcomb@ext.msstate.edu; Browning, Richard, Tennessee State Univ., rbrowning@picard.tnstate.edu; Brauer, David, USDA ARS SPA, dkbrauer@spa.ars.usda.gov; Craig, Morrie, Oregon State Univ., a.morrie.craig@orst.edu; Colling, Dan, Parkville, MO, dbaq@aol.com; Cross, Dee, Clemson Univ., dcross@clemson.edu; Davis, Micheal, Alabama A & M and Auburn Univ., madavis@acesag.auburn.edu; Dougherty, C.T., Univ. of Kentucky, cdougher@ca.uky.edu; Dubbs, Tina, Knoxville, TN; Evans, Richard, Mississippi State Univ., ricke@ext.msstate.edu; Fike, John, Virginia Tech Univ., jfike@vt.edu; Fribourg, Henry, Univ. of Tennessee, fribourgh@utk.edu; Gray, Sam, Clemson Univ., sgray@clemson.edu; Gwinn, Kimberly Univ. of Tennessee, kgwinn@utk.edu; Hohenboken, Bill, Virginia Tech Univ., whohenbo@vt.edu; Han, Kun-Jun, Univ. Kentucky, kjhan2@uky.edu; Ivy, Roscoe, Mississippi State Univ., rli2@ra.msstate.edu; Jennings, John, Univ. of Arkansas, jjennings@uaex.edu; Lang, David, Mississippi State Univ., dlang@pss.msstate.edu; Lee, Joung, South Korea, leejkhs@hanmail.net; Maccon, Bisoondat, Mississippi State Univ., bmacoon@ra.msstate.edu; Maubarak, Ali, Univ. of Arkansas, maubarak@comp@uark.edu; Meredith, Filmore, USDA-ARS, fmeredit@saa.ars.usda.gov; Nice, Lois, Equi-Tox, Central, SC; Nihsen, Mike, Univ. of Arkansas, mnihsen@comp.uakr.edu; Ouart, Michael, Mississippi State Univ., michaelo@ext.msstate.edu; Piper, Ed, Univ. of Arkansas, epiper@mail.uark.edu; Post, Nathon, Univ. of Arkansas, npost@mail.uark.edu; Pratt, Phillip, Oklahoma State Univ., pphilli@okstate.edu; Rasburn, Freddie, Mississippi State Univ., freddier@ext.msstate.edu; Robertson, Benny, Pennington Seed, _forage1@excite.com; Rosenkrans, Charles, Univ. of Arkansas, crosenkr@comp.uark.edu; Rottinghaus, George, Univ. of Missouri, rottinghausg@missouri.edu; Saker, Korinn, Virginia Tech, kesaker@vt.edu; Seman, Dwight, USDA ARS, dseman@arches.uga.edu; Smith, David, Univ. of North Dakota, smithd@fargo.ars.usda.gov; Smith, Ray, Virginia Tech, sasmith8@vt.edu; Spiers, Donald, Univ. of Missouri, spiersd@missouri.edu; Stratton, Tony, AgResearch USA Ltd., aestratton@aol.com; Stuedemann, John, USDA ARS, jstuedem@arches.uga.edu; Tapper, Brian, AgResearch NZ, tapperb@agresearch.cri.nz; Thompson, Marty, Univ. of Arkansas, mcto3@uark.edu; Triplett, Jr., Glover, Mississippi State Univ., gtriplett@pss.msstate.edu; Waller, John, Univ. of Tennessee, jwaller@utk.edu; Watson, Richard, Univ. of Georgia, rhwatson@arches.uga.edu; Weidemann, Greg, Univ. of Arkansas, gweidema@comp.uark.edu; West, C., Univ. of Arkansas, cpwest@uark.edu; Williams, Jim, Univ. Missouri, williamsve@missouri.edu; Winsett, Brett, FFR Cooperative, bwinsett@ffrcoop.org; Woods, Robert, Okahoma State Univ., woodsr@dasnr.okstate.edu

Project or Activity Leadership: Chair: John Waller, jwaller@utk.edu
Chair-elect/Secretary

Joe Bouton, jbouton@uga.edu.

Brief Summary of Minutes

Institution reports were presented by participants representing Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, Missouri, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, USDA-ARS, and Virginia. Discussions were held on all the reports presented at the meeting. The Committee on Standards for Terminology Used in Fescue Toxicosis and the Committee to Investigate Analytical Techniques for Alkaloids and Endophytes presented reports. These were discussed. Approved continuing both committees for next year. In addition, the group continued discussion on its plans to have a web page developed so information can be presented to a broader audience including stakeholders with access to the web.

Accomplishments

The following were submitted by members of the group and are presented in alphabetical order by state rather than ranked by importance:<br /> <br><br /> <br>1. Arkansas - Progress is being made on producing a nontoxic, persistent, endophyte-infected tall fescue cultivar based on HiMag. Limited quantities of seed will be commercially available in September, 2002. Seed was produced of tall fescue populations that had undergone three cycles of selection for summer survival under grazing. <br /> <br><br /> <br>2. Georgia - As in 2000, the brood cows on MaxQ tall fescue put on more weight and were in better condition than the cows grazing toxic fescue. Results in 2001 indicated that there were additional reductions in cow-calf performance when cows had grazed toxic pasture in the previous year. This suggests some long-term or carry-over effects associated with grazing toxic fescue. Stocker cattle on toxic fescue did not compensate in the feedlot for the lower gains in the grazing phase and remained lighter in weight than cattle grazing endophyte-free or MaxQ at harvest. <br /> <br><br /> <br>3. Kentucky - Reported on an epidemic of early term abortion of horse fetuses. The syndrome was denoted as Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome (MRLS) and the early term abortions referred to as Early Fetal Loss (EFL). Preliminary results indicated this epidemic not related to tall fescue toxicity but to moderate to high populations of eastern tent caterpillars (Malacosoma americanum) in mare pastures<br /> <br><br /> <br>4. Mississippi - Tall fescue pastures containing the novel non-toxic endophyte (MaxQ) appeared to have persisted as well as those containing the toxic endophyte. There also appeared to be an interesting trend in animal preference among endophyte types that warrants further investigation.<br /> <br><br /> <br>5. Missouri - Reduced whole blood GSH may be a useful biomarker of oxidative stress in cattle consuming endophyte-infected fescue seed, since decreases in whole blood GSH has been associated with development of several chronic diseases. Supplemental Tasco was found to improve In situ fiber disappearance from Dacron bags in the rumen of cows fed 10 ug ergovaline / kg of body weight. The rat bioassay can distinguish tall fescue cultivars infected with beneficial endophytes from those with toxic endophytes. It requires less than 3 weeks, and can therefore provide early screening of cultivars being considered for large scale grazing experiments. The lack of decline in winter yield, slow loss in forage quality and rapidly falling ergovaline levels in K31 E+, suggests that livestock producers could minimize winter toxicosis by delaying the use of stockpiled K31 E+ until mid or late winter.<br /> <br><br /> <br>6. Oregon - One-hundred-forty-one suspected clinical cases of tall fescue toxicosis came through the OSU Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (VDL) or hospital; four were confirmed. In addition, there were 65 suspected clinical cases of staggers from perennial ryegrass brought to the OSU VDL or hospital with 23 confirmed as ryegrass staggers.<br /> <br><br /> <br>7. Tennessee (UT) - Supplementing the diet in some fashion with arginine may alleviate some of <br /> <br>the clinical signs of fescue toxicosis. Once confirmed 30 to 45 days pregnant, no differences were observed in fetal losses from heifers grazing either endophyte infested or endophyte free tall fescue pastures. Therefore, fetal losses associated with endophyte infested tall fescue pastures occur prior to 30 to 45 days. <br /> <br><br /> <br>8. Tennessee (TSU) - Senepol steers are more resilient under a chronic, tall fescue endophyte challenge compared to their Hereford contemporaries. These data support the hypothesis that heat tolerance cattle genetics could be used to overcome problems of poor performance in herds grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue.<br /> <br><br /> <br>9. USDA (Watkinsville, GA) - Mares and ewes excrete alkaloids via urine similar to beef cattle. Suggests urinary alkaloids could be used to test whether any animal type have been grazing toxic tall fescue.<br /> <br><br /> <br>10. Virginia - Haircoat scores and rectal temperatures were generally higher for cattle grazing high-endophyte fescue. Including alfalfa in the pasture did not alleviate these conditions.<br /> <br>

Publications

The reports published and distributed at the meeting will be presented on the home page for this group as titles with email addresses for contact person for anyone seeing more information.

Impact Statements

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Report Information

Participants

Aiken, Glen, USDA ARS SPA DBSFRC, gaiken@spa.ars.usda.gov; Andrae, John, Univ. of Georgia, jandrae@uga.edu; Atkerson, Gary, AgResearch USA Ltd., gatkersonsr@netscape.net; Bacon, Charles, USDA-ARS, cbacon@saa.usda.ars.gov; Bondurant, Jane, Univ. of Georgia, jbondur@arches.uga.edu; Bouton, Joe, Univ. of Georgia, jbouton@arches.uga.edu; Broome, Malcolm, Mississippi State University, malcomb@ext.msstate.edu; Browning, Richard, Tennessee State Univ., rbrowning@picard.tnstate.edu; Brauer, David, USDA ARS SPA, dkbrauer@spa.ars.usda.gov; Craig, Morrie, Oregon State Univ., a.morrie.craig@orst.edu; Colling, Dan, Parkville, MO, dbaq@aol.com; Cross, Dee, Clemson Univ., dcross@clemson.edu; Davis, Micheal, Alabama A & M and Auburn Univ., madavis@acesag.auburn.edu; Dougherty, C.T., Univ. of Kentucky, cdougher@ca.uky.edu; Dubbs, Tina, Knoxville, TN; Evans, Richard, Mississippi State Univ., ricke@ext.msstate.edu; Fike, John, Virginia Tech Univ., jfike@vt.edu; Fribourg, Henry, Univ. of Tennessee, fribourgh@utk.edu; Gray, Sam, Clemson Univ., sgray@clemson.edu; Gwinn, Kimberly Univ. of Tennessee, kgwinn@utk.edu; Hohenboken, Bill, Virginia Tech Univ., whohenbo@vt.edu; Han, Kun-Jun, Univ. Kentucky, kjhan2@uky.edu; Ivy, Roscoe, Mississippi State Univ., rli2@ra.msstate.edu; Jennings, John, Univ. of Arkansas, jjennings@uaex.edu; Lang, David, Mississippi State Univ., dlang@pss.msstate.edu; Lee, Joung, South Korea, leejkhs@hanmail.net; Maccon, Bisoondat, Mississippi State Univ., bmacoon@ra.msstate.edu; Maubarak, Ali, Univ. of Arkansas, maubarak@comp@uark.edu; Meredith, Filmore, USDA-ARS, fmeredit@saa.ars.usda.gov; Nice, Lois, Equi-Tox, Central, SC; Nihsen, Mike, Univ. of Arkansas, mnihsen@comp.uakr.edu; Ouart, Michael, Mississippi State Univ., michaelo@ext.msstate.edu; Piper, Ed, Univ. of Arkansas, epiper@mail.uark.edu; Post, Nathon, Univ. of Arkansas, npost@mail.uark.edu; Pratt, Phillip, Oklahoma State Univ., pphilli@okstate.edu; Rasburn, Freddie, Mississippi State Univ., freddier@ext.msstate.edu; Robertson, Benny, Pennington Seed, _forage1@excite.com; Rosenkrans, Charles, Univ. of Arkansas, crosenkr@comp.uark.edu; Rottinghaus, George, Univ. of Missouri, rottinghausg@missouri.edu; Saker, Korinn, Virginia Tech, kesaker@vt.edu; Seman, Dwight, USDA ARS, dseman@arches.uga.edu; Smith, David, Univ. of North Dakota, smithd@fargo.ars.usda.gov; Smith, Ray, Virginia Tech, sasmith8@vt.edu; Spiers, Donald, Univ. of Missouri, spiersd@missouri.edu; Stratton, Tony, AgResearch USA Ltd., aestratton@aol.com; Stuedemann, John, USDA ARS, jstuedem@arches.uga.edu; Tapper, Brian, AgResearch NZ, tapperb@agresearch.cri.nz; Thompson, Marty, Univ. of Arkansas, mcto3@uark.edu; Triplett, Jr., Glover, Mississippi State Univ., gtriplett@pss.msstate.edu; Waller, John, Univ. of Tennessee, jwaller@utk.edu; Watson, Richard, Univ. of Georgia, rhwatson@arches.uga.edu; Weidemann, Greg, Univ. of Arkansas, gweidema@comp.uark.edu; West, C., Univ. of Arkansas, cpwest@uark.edu; Williams, Jim, Univ. Missouri, williamsve@missouri.edu; Winsett, Brett, FFR Cooperative, bwinsett@ffrcoop.org; Woods, Robert, Okahoma State Univ., woodsr@dasnr.okstate.edu

Project or Activity Leadership:

Chair: Joe Bouton, jbouton@uga.edu

Chair-elect/Secretary: Craig Roberts, RobertsCr@missouri.edu

Brief Summary of Minutes

Institution reports were presented by participants representing Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Dakota, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. Discussions were held on all the reports presented at the meeting.



As occurred the previous year, the Committee on Standards for Terminology Used in Fescue Toxicosis, chaired by Chuck West, presented their updated reports. The committee to Investigate Analytical Techniques for Alkaloids and Endophytes did not present a report. A new committee was formed to explore standards for endophyte quality control. The group approved continuing all three committees for next year.



The group reviewed a website prepared by John Waller and his colleagues at the University of Tennessee. The group voted to use the website as proposed. John Waller planned to have the website running within a few months of the meeting.

Accomplishments

The following report summaries were submitted by members of the group and are presented in alphabetical order by state.<br /> <br><br /> <br>Arkansas-- The University of Arkansas licensed a population of HiMag tall fescue infected with an endophyte selected for lack of ability to produce ergot-like alkaloids. The licensee is FFR Cooperative and the seed is marketed under the brand name ArkPlus. The selected endophyte improved stand persistence in southwest Arkansas over endophyte-free HiMag (20% vs. 2% ground cover, respectively) and similar to >Kentucky-31&lsquo; with its endemic, toxic endophyte. ArkPlus is expected to be well adapted to the Ozark region of the south-central U.S. and similar climatic zones to the east across the mid- to upper South. HiMag with nontoxic strains of endophyte supported steer weight gains grazing during the winter on fall-stockpiled tall fescue as high as steers on endophyte-free HiMag (average of 1.7 lb/d), which was only slightly greater than gains on toxic KY-31 (1.4 lb/d). Cow-calf trials on pastures in north-central Arkansas (Batesville) dominated by E+ KY-31 tall fescue (~70%) showed that rotation frequency (2x monthly vs. 2x weekly) had no effect on calf weaning weights or species composition; however, this is only the first 2 years of a 5-year study. Early weaned calves (6 months) tended to have lower immune function than later weaned calves (8 months). In a cow-calf trial, orchardgrass, E- KY-31 tall fescue and E+ fescue were compared at the same two rotation frequencies. Calf weaning weights were highest with orchardgrass rotated 2x weekly (600 lbs.), followed by orchardgrass 2x monthly (546 lbs.), while the other treatments were similarly low (mean 501 lbs.).<br /> <br><br /> <br>Georgia-- Extensive testing during the past 5 years was concluded for the Jesup cultivar with the MaxQ endophyte. Jesup (MaxQ) averaged % stand survival nearly twice that of Jesup (E-), and about 85% of Jesup (E+). In animal trails, cows grazing MaxQ pastures were significantly better in liveweight and condition at weaning than cows grazing the toxic pasture while their calves grazing the MaxQ pasture showed a significant advantage in weaning weight over calves raised on toxic pasture, reflecting better average daily gain (e.g. 66lbs in steer calves and 44lbs in heifer calves). Stocker growth on MaxQ tall fescue pastures was similar to cattle growth on E- and exceeded cattle growth on E+ tall fescue. Indicators of toxicosis, depressed serum prolactin levels and elevated rectal temperatures, were observed only in animals grazing E+ pastures. These results indicate that the general concept of non-ergot alkaloid-producing endophyte technology, and specifically the MaxQ endophtye in the Jesup cultivar, is a promising option for alleviating tall fescue toxicosis in livestock while retaining the agronomic advantage of the wild type endophytes.<br /> <br><br /> <br>Kentucky -- Small plot studies were used to determine tolerance to overgrazing by cattle of commercial and experimental tall fescue varieties. Some endophyte-free (E-) tall fescues were able to persist as well as endophyte infected (E+) KY 31, but E- varieties were not always consistent among trials. Novel endophyte insertions into Georgia tall fescue lines persisted well and were equivalent to E+ KY 31 in most instances. These data indicate that both E- and novel endophytes inserted into adapted tall fescue varieties are valid alternatives to E+ KY 31 and would offer some of the same tolerance to overgrazing. The potential role of endophyte-infected tall fescue in Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome was investigated by monitoring alkaloid content of forage on 13 horse farms in spring 2002. Treatments (forage type) for farms containing cherry trees on or near the perimeter of the farm were: 1) pure tall fescue, 2) composite weed/forage mixture, 3) inside the cherry tree drip line, 4) and outside the cherry tree drip line. Tall fescue samples had greater (P < 0.01) concentrations of both ergovaline and total lolines than composite and inside and outside of the drip line. Concentrations of ergovaline in tall fescue samples, averaged across all farms, was highest during the month of May with peak levels at 0.6 ?g?g-1 and only 0.2 ?g?g-1 for those in the composite group. Ergovaline concentrations in tall fescue samples were higher than 0.3 ?g?g-1 for 8 of 13 farms in the monitoring program. However, COMP samples for all farms were below the 0.3 ?g?g-1 ergovaline level suggested by literature to be a potential toxicological problem for pregnant mares grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue. Although alkaloid concentrations reached levels that should not be dismissed by horse producers, they do not appear to play a role in MRLS.<br /> <br><br /> <br>Mississippi -- Preliminary results with the non ergot-alkaloid producing endophyte tall fescue indicate that animal performance is similar to animals grazing ryegrass or endophyte free tall fescue. Beneficial results have been demonstrated with stocker steers , heifers , lactating dairy cows and horses Persistence of non-toxic (non alkaloid producing) endophyte infected tall fescue has been shown to be equal to toxic endophyte tall fescue. <br /> <br><br /> <br>Missouri -- Plant studies revealed that making hay then treating it with ammonia drastically reduced ergot alkaoids in tall fescue, while ensiling tall fescue preserved the alkaloids. Other plant studies showed that treating the growing pasture with low rates of Select herbicide reduced ergot alkaloid concentration by two-thirds. Finally, the plant work at Missouri showed that ergot alkaloids could be measured by near-infrared spectroscopy when the spectrophotometer was calibrated with immunochemistry data. Animal studies conducted with both rat and cattle showed that exogenous nitric oxide supplementation (NO) reduced the impact of fescue toxicosis. In both studies, NO overrode the vasoconstrictive effects of fescue toxicosis and reduced the associated hyperthermia. There were no effects of NO on the heat stress response alone. A pair-fed study using rats determined that the reduction in feed intake associated with fescue toxicosis was not responsible for the reduction in body temperature that occurs under non-heat stress conditions. Cattle were implanted with telemetric temperature transmitters for real-time monitoring of core body temperature while on endophyte-infected or uninfected fescue pastures. Initial analyses show that cattle on endophyte-infected pastures exhibit a higher temperature during days when air temperature is increasing.<br /> <br><br /> <br>Oregon - The overall objective of Oregon State University?s (OSU) research thrust is the degradation of the ergopeptides in tall fescue by ruminal microbes. This degradation will render the toxins non-toxic to the host animal. The objectives involve the investigation and elucidation of ruminal degradation, endophyte analyses of plant material (straw/hay/seed) samples, and toxicology diagnostics. This year OSU searched for additional sources of anaerobic degraders for the ergopeptides. A species that has obligate anaerobic bacteria in their intestinal tract is the earthworm. We found that earthworms on high-endophyte compost could be induced to degrade ergopeptides. Therefore, earthworms may be a potential source of alkaloid degrading microbes.<br /> <br>The number of endophyte analyses at OSU has steadily increased during the year. 1300 samples were analyzed between July 1, 2001 and June 30, 2002. These analyses assisted many local producers as well as national and international colleagues with critical information for determining the appropriate use of pasture grasses and grass seed residues. Quality control for endophyte analyses is checked with Dr. Rottinghaus?s laboratory at Missouri State University; moreover, we are working with Japan?s Ministry of Agriculture in establishing a check laboratory to insure quality control for straw exports to the Pacific Rim. Additionally, OSU is involved with the diagnostic toxicology of perennial ryegrass and tall fescue toxicosis. During the winter of 2002, fescue toxicosis was a major factor in devastating cattle losses in both eastern and western Oregon. The combination of cold weather and high-endophyte-infected feed affected over 2,500 animals; 600 were lost. These events cost the Oregon livestock industry an estimated $1.5 million. The OSU College of Veterinary Medicine provided analyses to help determine the causes of the morbidity. It prompted the Oregon grass seed producers to change their protocols and procedures to lessen the chance of a repeat occurrence. Moreover, it reemphasized the importance of endophyte analysis for the pasture grasses and grass seed residues fed to livestock.<br /> <br><br /> <br>Tennessee (UT) - Pastures of tall fescue containing AR542 (MaxQ) that were seeded in fall 1997 at Ames Plantation in southwest Tennessee remain productive in 2002. During the past five years these pastures have been grazed at a moderate stocking density and have survived two consecutive years of drought. Based on this study the endophyte appears promising for Tennessee livestock producers.<br /> <br><br /> <br>South Carolina -- A dose-titration study was completed to determine the minimum effective dose of a D-2 dopamine receptor antagonist (domperidone) for treatment and prevention of fescue toxicosis in late gestation mares. Domperidone was a highly effective for prevention/treatment of fescue toxicosis and a minimum effective dose was established. The mare reproductive loss syndrome (MRLS) that occurred in Kentucky and surrounding areas was studied. Level of fescue in the pasture was not related (P<.05) to MRLS but presence of poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) in and around the pastures was related (P<.01). Early term pregnant mares were dosed with poison hemlock and only one abortion occurred at the highest dose level. It is unlikely that poison hemlock was a primary cause of MRLS.<br /> <br>

Publications

The reports published and distributed at the meeting will be presented on the home page for this group as titles with email addresses for contact person for anyone seeing more information.

Impact Statements

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Report Information

Participants

Chris Agee GA , Glen Aiken KY, John Andrae GA, Charles Bacon GA, Ade Becetty GA, Joe Bouton OK, Randy Dinkins KY, C.T. Dougherty KY, Richard R. Evans MS, Tim Evans MO, Neil Fannin KY, Lester Fletcher New Zealand, Scott Flynn KY, Joseph Fontenot VA, Henry A. Fribourg TN, Jennifer Hagadore KY, Nick Hill GA, Andy Hopkins OK, Chengjun Huo KY, Karen Jones IL, Isabelle Kagan KY, Robert Kallenbach MO, Jimmy Klotz KY, Clyde Lane TN, David Lang MS, Bisoondat Macoon MS, John Read MS, Laurentiav Rensburg KY, Jane Robens MD, Craig Roberts MO, James Rogers OK, Wendi Rogers MO, George Rottinghaus MO, Brian Rude MS, Peter Ryan MS, Ray Smith KY, Don Spiers MO, Tony Stratton NC, James Strickland KY, John C. Waller TN, Richard H. Watson MS .

Brief Summary of Minutes

David Lang called the business meeting to order.

John Waller moved to accept the minutes as written from last years meeting. Karen Jones seconded the motion and it passed unanimously.

Jim Strickland was nominated for incoming secretary. Joe Bouton moved that Jim be elected by acclimation and Jim was so elected. The location committee (Don Spiers and Jim Strickland) proposed that the 2006 meeting be held Oct 15-17 at Natchez Trace State Park in Wildersville TN. It was noted that Columbus Day is a federal holiday and the meeting date should not conflict with that if possible. Craig Roberts moved to accept this recommendation. John Waller seconded the motion which carried unanimously. David Lang noted that we do not have a tax exempt number and that this poses a problem with USDA personnel and some other nonprofit entities. John Wallar asked if David Lang would be open to maintaining account at MS for multiple years. Jim Strickland asked if we should create a multi-year treasurer to maintain accounts. General discussion indicated that a three year term would be ideal. Jim Strickland moved that if the bylaws allow the creation of a treasurer position that one should be elected. John Wallar seconded the motion and which carried unanimously. David Lang was elected to be the long term treasurer for a three year term.

John Andrae reminded the group to submit reports in the required format to make reporting easier. Strict adherence to title and heading formats allow reports to be cut and pasted into the reporting system. States were encouraged to resubmit reports which did not adhere to format.

Craig Roberts reported that Crop Science released a research article because too much information was included in a previous report. He stated that SERAIEG reports should not be any more than one paragraph including means and general statements. David Lang indicated that this topic was discussed last year and parts of the discussion are included in the previous minutes. Last years discussion led to a footnote in the 2005 report which prohibits citations. Discussion followed involving the appropriate format for digital citations. It was agreed that personal communications citations are more appropriate than directly citing SERAIEG-8 reports.

John Wallar reminded the group that the membership directory needed to be maintained. If email addresses or physical addresses have changed they need to be updated so that the list can function.

Henry Fribourg presented two special reports regarding a SERAIEG 8 reference database project and the online tall fescue monograph. An 82 page version of the reference database was presented to the group for review. Publication dates ranged from late 1940s to present. It was unknown if all publications from retired persons were included in the report. Henry suggested that this report be made available to USDA administrators and to all research administrators in the country as it is obvious that the group is valuable and productive. Henry recommended the chair and secretary circulate the report widely to various administrators. Craig Roberts suggested breaking out publications into papers directly attributable to the SERAIEG 8 established in the early 1980s and the workgroups predecessors. Karen Jones suggested that the reference database be posted in a searchable format and the group strongly agreed with this suggestion. Nick Hill suggested that we use this report as leverage to establish a competitive grant program within the group similar to one established by a Fusarium head blight workgroup. Fribourg agreed with this suggestion. Hill suggested forming a subcommittee to discuss this in the near future. Fribourg moved that we distribute a cover letter (written by himself) which outlines the importance of this reference database regional workgroup to all experiment stations and forage researchers in the country. Macoon seconded the motion. Karen Jones recommended that we look beyond experiment stations and land grant universities to include all agriculture universities. The question was called for and the motion to distribute a cover letter containing a link to the database passed unanimously.

Jim Strickland suggested creating a mind map diagram which logically connected interrelated research concepts in fescue toxicosis. This diagram may point out holes in research in this field. This could be used to demonstrate the complex interactions in the research to others involved in administration and funding.

Craig Roberts asked the group to consider the ejournal Forage and Grazinglands for publications. This journal is indexed by Agricola, CABabstracts and other services.

David Lang passed the gavel to John Andrae who took the podium as incoming chair. Craig Roberts moved to adjourn and motion passed unanimously.

Respectfully submitted,
John Andrae
2004-2005 Secretary

Accomplishments

Please see attached Accomplishments and Impact Statements at the bottom of Summary of Minutes

Publications

ARKANSAS<br /> a. Refereed journal articles/refereed book chapters<br /> Coffey, K. P., W. K. Coblentz, D. A. Scarbrough, J. B. Humphry, B. C. McGinley, J. E. Turner, T. Smith, D. Hubbell, III, Z. B. Johnson, D. H. Hellwig, M. P. Popp, and C. F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2005. Impact of rotation frequency and weaning date on forage availability and nutrient composition, species composition, and growth performance by cows and calves grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue pastures overseeded with crabgrass, and legumes. J. Anim. Sci. (In press).<br /> <br /> b. Books, chapters (non-refereed) in books, proceedings, and theses<br /> Caldwell, J. D., K. P. Coffey, W. K. Coblentz, R. K. Ogden, J. A. Jennings, T. F. Smith, and D. S. Hubbell, III. 2005. Growth performance by fall-calving cows grazing tall fescue pastures with different proportions stockpiled until late fall. Proc. Am. For. Grassl. Council. <br /> <br /> Ogden, R. K., M. J. Alman, K. P. Coffey, W. K. Coblentz, J. K. Reynolds, and C.V. Maxwell. 2005. In situ solubility of macrominerals from tall fescue fertilized with different swine manure treatments and harvested on four dates. Am. For. Grassl. Council<br /> <br /> c. Abstracts<br /> Coffey, K., W. Coblentz, R. Ogden, T. Smith, D. Scarbrough, D. Hubbell, III, C. Rosenkrans, J. Jennings. 2005. Effect of weaning date and pasture rotation frequency effects on weaning and post-weaning growth performance by fall-born calves grazing tall fescue pastures. J. Anim. Sci. 83(Suppl. 2): in press.<br /> Flores, R., M. L. Looper, K. P. Coffey, W. K. Coblentz, and C. F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2005. Relationship of prepartum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in cows with birth weight, concentrations of IGF-1, and weaning weights of calves. J. Anim. Sci. 83(Suppl. 2):in press.<br /> Rosenkrans, Jr., C., M. Nihsen, T. Yazwinski, D. Kreider, K. Coffey, W. Coblentz. 2005. Effects of anthelmintic treatment on calf gains while grazing tall fescue. J. Anim. Sci. 83(Suppl. 2):in press.<br /> <br /> ARKANSAS USDA<br /> a. Refereed journal articles<br /> Looper, M.L., G.E. Aiken, R. Flores, and C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2005. Influence of nutrient supplementation on body weight and condition, and pregnancy of market beef cows grazing stockpiled and spring-growth tall fescue. Prof. Anim. Sci. 21:225-231.<br /> <br /> Looper, M.L., T.S. Edrington, R. Flores, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr., M.E. Nihsen, and G.E. Aiken. 2005. Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in beef steers grazing different forages. Lett. Appl. Micro. (Submitted).<br /> <br /> Looper, M.L., T.S. Edrington, R. Flores, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr., and G.E. Aiken. 2005. Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in water and soil from tall fescue pastures. Foodborne Path. Disease. (In review).<br /> <br /> b. Proceedings<br /> Looper, M.L., G.E. Aiken, S.F. Tabler, R. Flores, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr., and J.R. Miesner. 2005. Quantity, quality, and ergovaline concentrations of burned stockpiled tall fescue. Proc. Am. Forag. Grass. Counc. 14:196-200.<br /> <br /> Rosenkrans, Jr., C., M. Nihsen, R. Flores, T. Yazwinski, D. Kreider, K. Coffey, W. Coblentz, C. West, M. Looper, and N. Schrick. 2005. Effects of forage cultivar and anthelmintic on steer responses to immune challenge. Proc. Western Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 56:243-245.<br /> <br /> Looper, M.L., T.S. Edrington, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr., J.M. Burke, R. Flores, T.R. Callaway, and G.E. Aiken. 2005. Effects of feeding endophyte-infected tall fescue seed to sheep experimentally infected with Escherichia coli O157:H7. Invited - Proc. Western Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 56:213-216.<br /> <br /> c. Abstracts<br /> Aiken, G.E., and M.L. Looper. 2005. Temporal changes in rectal temperature and serum prolactin of weaned Brahman-influenced heifers previously grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue pasture. J. Anim. Sci. 83 (Suppl. 1). <br /> <br /> Looper, M.L., T.S. Edrington, R. Flores, C.F. Rosenkrnas, Jr., M.E. Nihsen, and G.E. Aiken. 2005. Incidence of fecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in stocker steers grazing different forages. J. Anim. Sci. (Suppl. 2):9.<br /> <br /> Aiken, G.E., M.L. Looper, S.F. Tabler, and J.R. Strickland. 2005. Recovery of yearling calves from fescue toxicosis. XX Int. Graz. Con., Dublin, Ireland.<br /> <br /> Looper, M.L., T.S. Edrington, R. Flores, G.E. Aiken, and C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2006. Does consumption of endophyte-infected tall fescue affect the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in the feces of grazing ruminants? J. Anim. Sci. (Suppl. 2): (In press).<br /> <br /> d. Miscellaneous publications<br /> Looper, M. L., and G. E. Aiken. 2005. Supplementation may increase pregnancy and profits of cull cows. Arkansas Cattle Business 40(2):28 and Cattlemens News 8(2):8, 16.<br /> <br /> GEORGIA:<br /> a. Refereed journal articles/refereed book chapters<br /> Bacon, C. W., and Lyons, P.C. 2005. Ecological Fitness Factors for Fungi within the Balansieae and Clavicipiteae. Pp. 519-532. In: The Fungal Community, its Organization and Role in the Ecosystem. Dighton, J., J. F. White, and P. Oudemans (Eds.) CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL. <br /> <br /> Timper, P., R.N. Gates, & J.H. Bouton. 2005. Response of Pratylenchus spp. in tall fescue infected with different strains of the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum. Nematology 7:105-110.<br /> <br /> Franzluebers, A.J. and N.S. Hill. 2005. Soil carbon, nitrogen, and ergot alkaloids with short- and long-term exposure to endophyte-infected and free tall fescue. SSSA 69:404-412.<br /> <br /> Hill, N.S. 2005. Absorption of ergot alkaloids in the ruminant. p. 271-290 In C.A. Roberts, C.P. West, and D.E. Spiers (eds.). Neotyphodium in cool-season grasses. Blackwell Publishing, Ames, IA<br /> <br /> Hill, N.S., J.H. Bouton, E.E. Hiatt, III and B. Kittle. 2005. Seed maturity, germination, and endophyte relationships in tall fescue. Crop Sci. 45:859-863.<br /> <br /> Ju, H.J., N.S. Hill, and K. Ingram. 2006. Seasonal variation and environmental effects on endophyte transmission in tall fescue. Crop Sci. (In press). <br /> <br /> Realini C.E., S.K. Duckett, N.S. Hill, C.S. Hoveland, B.G. Lyon, J.R. Sackman and M.H. Gillis. 2005. Effect of endophyte type on carcass traits, meat quality, and fatty acid composition of beef cattle grazing tall fescue. J. of Anim. Sci. 83:430-439.<br /> <br /> Roberts C.A., H.R. Benedict, N.S. Hill, R.L. Kallenbach, and G.E. Rottinghaus. 2005. Determination of ergot alkaloid content in tall fescue by near-infrared spectroscopy. Crop Science 45:778-783.<br /> <br /> Roberts, C. and J. Andrae. 2005. Chapter 18: Public Education on Tall Fescue Toxicosis. In: Neotyphodium/Grass Interactions. C.A. Roberts, C.P. West, and D.E. Spiers (Eds.) Blackwell Publishing Professional. Ames, IA. pp. 361-379.<br /> <br /> b. Books, chapters (non-referred) in books, proceedings, and theses<br /> Andrae, J.G. Tall Fescue Endophyte Solutions. Proceedings of 2005 Appalachian Grazing Conference. March 21-23, 2005.<br /> <br /> d. Abstracts<br /> Andrae, J.G., N.S. Hill, T. Murphy, G. Durham, and B. Kittle. 2004. Chemical alternatives to the spray-smother-spray method of toxic tall fescue replacement. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting. Seattle, WA. <br /> <br /> Andrae, J.G., C.S. Hoveland, J. Bouton, and G. Durham. 2004. Productivity of components in tall fescue-white clover mixtures as affected by fungal endophyte and clover cultivar. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting. Seattle, WA. <br /> <br /> Andrae, J.G., N.S. Hill, and R.G. Durham. 2005. Methods to replace toxic tall fescue with MaxQ tall fescue. Are summer smother crops necessary? Vol 14 American Forage and Grassland Council Proceedings. Bloomington, IL. Pg 70<br /> <br /> Bacetty, A, Snook, M., Glenn, A., Noe, J., and Bacon, C.W. 2005. Correlation of endophyte-infected tall fescue root extract fractions with pathogenic activity measured in an in vitro assay system. Phytopathology. 95(No. 6, Supplement):s5 (abstract)<br /> <br /> Kuldau, G.A., and Bacon, C.W. 2005. Clavicipitaceous endophytes: Their ability to enhance plant resistance to multiple stresses. Phytopathology. 95(No. 6, Supplement):s5 (abstract)<br /> <br /> d. Miscellaneous publications<br /> Bacon, C. W. 2004. Indirect Actions: Mycotoxins and the drive toward mutualisms. Mycological Society of America 2004 Annual Meeting, University of North Carolina, Asheville, N.C., July 15-21, Program & Abstracts. p. 37.<br /> <br /> Andrae, J.G., N.S. Hill, and R.G. Durham. 2005. Methods to replace toxic tall fescue with MaxQ tall fescue. Are summer smother crops necessary? Interpretive Summary. Vol 14 American Forage and Grassland Council Proceedings. Bloomington, IL. Pg 14.<br /> <br /> ILLINOIS:<br /> a. Refereed journal articles/refereed book chapters<br /> Jones, K.L., C.R. McCleary, S.S. King, G.A. Apgar, K.E. Griswold. 2004. Consumption of toxic fescue impairs bull reproductive parameters. Prof Anim Sci. 20: 437-442.<br /> <br /> Jones, K.L., S.S. King, M.J. Iqbal. 2004. Endophyte-infected tall fescue diet alters gene expression in heifer luteal tissue as revealed by interspecies microarray analysis. Mol Reprod Dev. 67: 154-161.<br /> <br /> KENTUCKY:<br /> a. Refereed journal articles/refereed book chapters<br /> Breeden, D. E. and W. W. Witt. 2004. Impact of pasture herbicides on seedling cool season grasses. Proc. Southern Weed Sci. Soc. 57:132<br /> <br /> Looper, M.L., Aiken, G.E., Flores, R. and Rosenkrans, C.F., Jr. Influence of nutrient supplementation on body weight and condition, and pregnancy of market beef cows grazing stockpiled and spring-growth tall fescue. Prof. Anim. Sci. 2005. 21:225-231.<br /> <br /> Aiken, G.E., Looper, M.L., Tabler, S.F., and Strickland, J.R.. Recovery of yearling steers from fescue toxicosis. XX International Grassland Congress Papers. F.P. OMara et al (ed). P. 305. Wageningen Academic Publishers.<br /> <br /> C. L. Schultz, S. L. Lodge-Ivey, A. M. Craig, J. R. Strickland, and L. P. Bush. 2005. The effects of short- and long-term exposure to endophyte-infected tall fescue seed on serum, fecal and urine concentrations of ergovaline and lysergic acid in mature gelding horses. XX International Grassland Congress Papers. F.P. OMara et al (ed). P. 308. Wageningen Academic Publishers.<br /> <br /> MISSISSIPPI:<br /> a. Refereed journal articles/refereed book chapters<br /> Orr AI, Rude, BJ, Christiansen DL, Filipov NM, Hill NS, Fitzgerald BP, Ryan PL. 2005. Dietary ergot alkaloid adsorbance by glucomannan and apparent fecal and urinary excretion of ergot alkaloids non-pregnant, non-lactating mares J Anim Sci (in review)<br /> Youngblood RC, Filipov NM, Rude BJ, Christiansen DL, Hopper RM, Gerard PD, Hill N, Fitzgerald BP, Ryan PL. 2004. Effects of short-term early gestational exposure to endophyte-infected tall fescue diets on plasma 3-4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid and fetal development in mares. J Anim Sci 2004, 82:2919-2929.<br /> <br /> b. Books, chapters (non-refereed) in books, proceedings, and theses<br /> c. Abstracts<br /> Macoon, B., and J.D. Perkins III. 2005. Novel endophyte tall fescue responses to grazing. In Annual Meetings Abstracts [CD-ROM]. ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Madison, WI.<br /> <br /> Olsen G, Sykes D, Filipov N, Christiansen D, Gerard P, Fitzgerald B, Sheerin P, Ryan P. 2005. Effects of endophyte-infected tall fescue forage consumption in stallions. Theriogenology 64:808.<br /> <br /> Christiansen DL, Hopper RM, Filipov NM, Hill HS, Fitzgerald BP, Ryan PL. 2004. A novel approach to alleviate ergot alkaloid toxicosis of mares in early gestation. Society for Theriogenology, Lexington, KY, August 4-8th, 2004, pp 5.<br /> Orr AI, Christiansen DL, Rude BJ, Filipov NM, Ryan PL. 2004. Effects of feeding a modified yeast cell wall extract upon the occurrence of fescue toxicosis in mares. ASAS Southern Section, Tulsa, OK, Feb 14-18, 2004.<br /> <br /> d. Miscellaneous publications<br /> Best, T.F., J.E. Huston, R.R. Evans. 2004. Evaluation of fungus infected, fungus free and novel endophyte fescues as roughage sources for stocker cattle. Annual Research Report of the North Mississippi Research and Extension Center, Mississippi Agricultural & Forestry Experiment Station Information Bulletin 419. <br /> <br /> Macoon, B., D. St. Louis, T. Stratton, and J.D. Perkins III. 2005. Adaptation of advanced breeding lines of novel endophyte-infected grasses to non-traditional growing areas. Central Mississippi Research and Extension Center 2004 Annual Report Summary. MAFES Information Bull. 420:44. <br /> <br /> Orr AI, Christiansen DL, Rude BJ, Filipov NM, Hill NS, Fitzgerald BP, Ryan PL. 2005. Effects of feeding FEB-200TM, a modified yeast cell wall preparation, on the occurrence of fescue toxicosis in open mares. Proceedings Alltech 21st Annual Symposium (Suppl 1), pp 15 , Lexington, KY, May 22-25, 2005.<br /> <br /> Christiansen DL, Hopper RM, Filipov NM, Hill HS, Fitzgerald BP, Ryan PL. 2005. Dietary FEB-200TM as a novel approach to alleviate ergot alkaloid toxicosis of mares in early gestation. Proceedings Alltech 21st Annual Symposium (Suppl 1), pp 15, Lexington, KY, May 22-25, 2005.<br /> <br /> OKLAHOMA: NOBLE FOUNDATION<br /> b. Books, chapters (non-refereed) in books, proceedings, and theses<br /> Hopkins, A.A. 2005. Performance of animals grazing various tall fescue endophyte combinations. p. 304. Proc. 20th Int. Grassl. Congress, Dublin, Ireland. 26 June  July 2, 2005. Wageningen Academic Publishers, The Netherlands. <br /> <br /> TENNESSEE<br /> Schuenemann, G.M., J.L. Edwards, M.D. Davis, H.E. Blackmon, F.N. Scenna, N.R. Rohrbach, A.M. Saxton, H.S. Adair, F.M. Hopkins, J.C. Waller and F.N. Schrick. 2005. Effects of administration of ergotamine tartrate on fertility of yearling beef bulls. Theriogenology 63:1407-1418. <br /> <br /> Seals, R.C., G.M. Schuenemann, J.W. Lemaster, A.M. Saxton, J.C. Waller and F.N. Schrick. 2005. Follicular dynamics in beef heifers consuming ergotamine tartrate as a model of endophyte-infected tall fescue consumption. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 4 (1): 97-102. <br /> <br /> Schuenemann, G.M., J.L. Edwards, F.M. Hopkins, F.N. Scenna, J.C. Waller, J.W. Oliver, A.M. Saxton, and F.N. Schrick. 2005. Fertility aspects in yearling beef bulls grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue pastures. Reproduction Fertility Development 17:479-486. <br /> <br /> Schuenemann, G.M., M.E. Hockett, J.L. Edwards, N.R. Rohrbach, K.F. Breuel, and F.N. Schrick. 2005. Embryo development and survival in beef cattle administered ergotamine tartrate to simulate fescue toxicosis. Reproductive Biology 5:137-150. <br /> <br /> Richards, C.J., Pugh R.B., J.B. Pulliam, and J.C. Waller. 2005. Influence of supplementing soybean hulls to steers consuming endophyte-infected tall fescue pasture. J. Anim. Sci. (accepted).<br /> <br /> Waller, J. C., A.E. Fisher, H.A. Fribourg, and C.J. Richards. 2005. Reduce tall fescue toxicosis in Festuca arundinacea forage systems with legumes. Proc. XX Intern. Grassld. Cong., Dublin, Ireland, 26 June - 1 July. p. 306.<br /> <br /> Prado, T.M., G.M. Schuenemann, F.M. Hopkins, J.L. Edwards, H.S. Adair and F.N. Schrick. 2005. Fescue toxicosis and bull fertility: evaluation of semen quality in yearling beef bulls grazing tall fescue. Proc. ACVIM Annual Forum. June 2005: 225-227. <br /> <br /> W. Gill, A. Fisher, C. Lane, C. Richards, D. Joines, and J. Neel. 2005. Improving the mineral status of Tennessee beef cattle. Proceedings of the Music City Veterinary Conference. February, 2005.<br /> <br /> Corrigan, A. 2005. Ruminal responses in cattle grazing tall fescue pastures differing in endophyte level. Masters Thesis at The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN.<br />

Impact Statements

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Report Information

Participants

2004 Participant List


Chris Agee
Pennington Seed
P.O. Box 290
Madison, GA 30050
Phone: 800-286-6100 ext. 375
E-mail: cagee@penningtonseed.com

David Barker
Horticulture and Crop Science
Ohio State University
202 Kotham Hall
2021 Coffey Road
Columbus, OH 43210
Phone: 616-247-6258
Barker.169@osu.edu

Ken Coffey
Animal Science AFLS-B106E
University of Arkansas
Fayetteville, AR 72701
Phone: 479-575-2112
Fax: 479-575-7294
E-mail: kcoffey@uark.edu

Randy Dinkins
220C AgScience North
University of Kentucky
Lexington, KY 40541-0091
rdinkins@ars.usda.gov

C.T. Dougherty
Dept. of Agronomy
University of Kentucky
Lexington, KY 40546-0091
Phone: 859-257-3454
Fax: 859-323-1952
E-mail: cdougher@uky.edu







Neil Fannin
Dept. of Agronomy
University of Kentucky
Lexington, KY 40546
Phone: 859-257-9402
E-mail: neil_fannin@hotmail.com

Joseph Fontenot
Dept. of Animal and Poultry Sciences
Virginia Tech
Blacksburg, VA 24061
Phone: 540-231-5136
Fax: 540-231-3010
E-mail: cajunjoe@vt.edu

Henry A. Fribourg
7421 Somerset Road
Knoxville, TN 37909-2356
Phone: 865-560-1247
E-mail: fribourgh@utk.edu


Cindy Glover
Tennessee Department of Environment & Conservation
Pin Oak Lodge
Natchez Trace St. Park
567 Pin Oak Ln.
Wildersville, TN 38388
Phone: 731-968-8176
1-800-250-8616
Fax: 731-968-6515
E-mail: CindyGlover@state.tn.us

Jimmy Henning
UK Ag. Programs
N122 Ag Sci N
Lexington, KY 40546-0091
Phone: 859-257-1846
E-mail: jhenning@uky.edu




Karen Jones
Animal Science, Food & Nutrition
1205 Lincoln Dr
Southern Illinois University
Carbondale, IL 62901
Phone: 618-453-1774
Fax: 618-453-5231
E-mail: kljones@siu.edu
Isabelle Kagan
USDA-ARS
N220 AgScience North
Lexington, KY 40546
ikagan@ars.usda.gov

Robert Kallenbach
Dept. of Agronomy
University of Missouri
Columbia, MO 65211
Phone: 573-882-2002
Fax: 573-882-1467
E-mail: kallenbachr@missouri.edu

Jimmy Klotz
USDA-ARS Mid South FAPRU
N 220 AgScience North
500 S. Limestone
Lexington, KY 50546
jklotz@ars.usda.gov


Clyde Lane
605 Airways building
Univ. of Tennessee
Jackson, TN 38301
731-425-4704
clane@utk.edu

David Lang
Dept. of Plant and Soil Sciences
Mississippi State University
P.O. Box 9555
Mississippi State, MS 39762
Phone: 662-325-2311
Fax: 662-325-8742
E-mail: dlang@pss.msstate.edu

Bisoondat Macoon
Central MS Res & Ext. Center
Mississippi State University
1320 Seven Springs Rd.
Raymond, MS 39154
E-mail: bmacoon@ra.msstate.edu

John Dee Perkins
1676 Brown Loam Road
Raymond, MS 39154
601-857-5952
jdp13@msstate.edu

Tim Phillips
Department of Agronomy
325 Plant Science Building
University of Kentucky
1405 Veterans Drive
Lexington, KY 40546-2312
Phone: 859-257-5020
Fax: 859-323-7125
E-mail: tphillip@uky.edu




Tina Richards
ALLTECH
5639 Evergreen Farms LN
Greenback, TN 37742
Mobile: 865-765-4428
trichards@alltech.com

Craig Roberts
Agronomy Department
University of Missouri
210 Waters Hall
Columbia, Mo 65211
Phone: 573-882-2801
Fax: 573-882-1467
E-mail: robertscr@missouri.edu





Charles Rosenkrans, Jr.
Animal Science  AFLS-B114
Univ. of Arkansas
Fayetteville, AR 72701
Phone: 479-575-4376
Fax: 479-575-7294
E-mail: crosenkr@uark.edu






Anna Sevold
1145 Turkey Foot Road # 18
Lexington, KY 44012
541-908-1344
sevolda@unid.orst.edu


Tony Stratton
Ag Research (USA) Limited
P.O. Box 8159
Asheville, NC 28814
Phone: 828-645-3872
Fax: 825-645-9695
E-mail: aestratton@aol.com





James Strickland
USDA-ARS, Mid South Area, FAPRU
N-220F Ag Science North
University of Kentucky Campus
Lexington, KY 40546
Phone: 859-257-1647
Cell: 859-421-1484
E-mail: jstrickland@msa-stoneville.ars.usda.gov



John C. Waller
University of Tennessee
Dept. of Animal Science
208A Brehm Animal Sci. Building
2505 River Drive
Knoxville, TN 37901-1071
Phone: 865-974-3150
Fax: 865-974-7297
E-mail: jwaller@utk.edu

Chuck West
Crop Soil Environmental Sciences
University of Arkansas
1366 W. Altheimer Drive
Fayetteville, AR 72704
Phone: 479-575-3982
Fax: 479-575-3975
E-mail: cwest@uark.edu

Brief Summary of Minutes

SERAIEG-8 Tall Fescue Toxicosis/Endophyte Workshop

Minutes of the 17-19 October, 2004 Meeting at Wildersville, TN

Participants attending the 2004 meeting included: Chris Agee, David Barker, Ken Coffey, Dan Colling, Randy Dinkins, Neil Fannin, Henry Fribourg, Jimmy Henning, Chengiun Huo, Karen Jones, James Klotz, Isabelle Kagan, Robert Kallenbach, Clyde Lane, David Lang, Bisoondat Macoon, John Dee Perkins, Tim Phillips, Tina Richards, Craig Roberts, Charles Rosenkrans, Anna Sevold, Lori Smith, Tony Stratton, James Strickland, John Waller, and Chuck West

A pre-meeting mixer/social was held on the evening of 17 October, 2004 at the Pin Oak Lodge in Wildersville, TN.

Chair Charles Rosenkrans called the meeting to order at 8:15 am on 18 October 2004. Dr. Jimmy Henning was present and provided an administrative update. Following introductions state reports were presented in oral and written form from Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, and Tennessee. Written reports were submitted from Georgia, New Zealand, Noble Foundation, North Dakota, and Oregon.

A business meeting and discussion was led by Charles Rosenkrans on the morning of 19 October, 2004. John Andrae of Georgia was nominated by a committee consisting of Craig Roberts (Chair), John Waller and David Lang to be the incoming Secretary/Chair elect for the 2005 meeting and elected by acclimation. The time and place committee consisting of David Barker (Chair), Karen Jones, Bisoondat Macoon and Ken Coffey recommend that the 2005 meeting be held at the same location (Pin Oak Lodge within the Natchez Trace State Park in Wildersville, TN) 9-11 October, 2005. Approved unanimously.

Discussion followed led by Chair Charlie Rosenkrans. What are the active toxins: Lotrieum, loline, ergot alkaloids? Craig Roberts made the comment that NIR was providing the same standard error (SE) for total ergot alkaloids as HPLC. Other discussion concerned animal preference for tall fescue endophytes. Can they select a preference for non-toxic endophyte containing tall fescue compared with toxic endophyte containing tall fescue? Animals prefer endophyte free tall fescue.

Some discussion also concerned paying for grazing schools and tall fescue toxicosis workshops for farmers and cattle producers. Missouri reports that a few prospective participants complained about the fee before the school, but no complaints came from actual participants. Tennessee has a Master Cattlemen Course that charges $ 100 with good participation and few complaints about the fee.

Chuck West agreed to work on endophyte terminology and revise his J. Prod. Ag. Article for publication in the online Forage and Grazing Lands Journal.

There was discussion with some disagreement about the use and nature of the proceedings and state reports. The website at http://animalscience.ag.utk.edu/SERA-IEG8/default.htm contains the statement of purpose and project titles, personnel and accomplishments, but not the contents of the proceedings. Most of the group felt that the state reports in the proceedings were not citable as a reference although reports were being cited in other publications. It was moved by Craig Roberts and seconded by Karen Jones that the state reports are not to be called proceedings and that they include a disclaimer not for citation or publication and that if used in a manuscript that permission be sought from the authors to include it as a personal communication. This was passed by the majority with a few dissentions.

Respectfully submitted by David Lang, Secretary

Accomplishments

ARKANSAS<br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Numerous ergot alkaloids are contained within tall fescue. Three of the more commonly occurring, commercially available ergot alkaloids were utilized in this study. Ergot alkaloids, at the various concentrations used in the current study should include the range of concentrations that occur in the rumen of cattle grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue. There was minimal, if any, affect on the growth of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella.<br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS: The nutritive content of the stockpiled fescue in the current study was 66% digestible and 12% crude protein, indicating that if dry matter intake is adequate, forage alone could meet the nutritional requirements of cows. Concentrations of ergovaline (mean = 344 ppb) were below the quantity of published values that may induce clinical fescue toxicosis in cattle (M. Craig). Although milk yield and percent milk fat was increased in cows supplemented with SH and grazing stockpiled fescue, adjusted 205-d weaning weights of calves from SH-supplemented cows were not increased. Furthermore, body weights and body condition of cows were not affected by supplementation.<br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Baseline information about the effects of calf gender and serum metabolites for grazing animals and their subsequent carcass composition has been established. We have demonstrated that ivermectin can help alleviate the toxicity of tall fescue and association with diminished steer gains.<br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Initial phases of the first year of a multiyear trial were completed in which timing of spring weaning dates of fall-borne calves were compared for animal stress and growth. As was noted in a previous 3-yr. study, weaning fall-born calves in mid-April appears to have negative impacts on their long-term growth and development compared with weaning later in the spring. Delaying weaning until at least mid-May may improve subsequent animal gains and thereby reduce discrimination against "fescue" cattle.<br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS: We provided further evidences of a link between endophyte presence and enhanced superoxide dismutase activity and dehydrin expression as possible biochemical mechanisms of endophyte-enhanced tiller survival during drought.<br /> <br /> GEORGIA<br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS: The presence of the endemic strain of Neotyphodium coenophialum confers resistance to some plant-parasitic nematodes, notably the lesion nematode Pratylenchus scribneri and the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne marylandi in tall fescue. However, we recently found that the non-ergot-alkaloid producing strain (AR542) in MaxQ tall fescue does not confer resistance to the lesion nematode (resistance to the root-knot nematode was not tested). Because both low mammalian toxicity and nematode resistance are important traits in tall fescue, our objective was to determine whether other non-ergot producing strains of N. coenophialum confer resistance to the lesion nematode.<br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Initial viable endophyte content of the seed increased with seed maturity (ie. later harvest dates had higher endophyte infection) (Table 1). Similarly, germination of seed exposed to field conditions increased with seed maturity. Germination and initial endophtye infection levels were similar for MaxQ, Jesup-wild type endophyte, or Kentucky-31 (data not shown). Regardless of when the seed was harvested, seedling plants from all field-exposed seeds had 97% viable endophyte infection.<br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS: The traditionally recommended spray-smother-spray method for converting toxic tall fescue pastures to nontoxic cultivars is likely limiting adoption of novel endophyte-infected cultivars. A three year study is currently underway to determine the effectiveness of various fall application intervals of glyphosate (2,4 and 6 weeks) versus a single application or the traditional spray-smother-spray method. Year 1 data indicate that mowing to prevent seed production coupled with two fall glyphosate applications applied 6 weeks apart results in similar toxic tall fescue escapes as the spray-smother-spray method. However, excessive residue from pearl millet in the spray smother spray treatment resulted in significantly lower seedling row occupancy and forage yield during the spring following establishment. Ergot alkaloid concentrations of these plots will be monitored over the next several years to determine long-term stability of toxic and MaxQ mixtures. Year two herbicide applications and planting are complete.<br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Tall fescue-endophyte association seasonally affected cattle performance and stocking rate. During the first 2.5 years of exposure, heifer performance was greater with nonergot-alkaloid producing endophyte than with wild-type endophyte during all four season, but less dramatically in summer. Heifers grazing all three different tall fescue-endophyte associations performed relatively poorly in summer. Since our objective was to equalize forage availability among all treatments at any one point in time, stocking rate was allowed to fluctuate throughout the year. Stocking rate on wild-type endophyte was greater throughout the year compared with nonergot-alkaloid producing endophyte.<br /> <br /> KENTUCKY<br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS: E+E in herbage samples from tall fescue plants and from multispecies pastures increased from near zero in late April, peaked in mid May followed by secondary peak in late June. In herbage from pastures with less than 20% tall fescue, the E+E exceeded 0.3 ppm, an accepted threshold for animal response. Environment (precipitation and temperature) and farm management practices play a role in E+E levels and tall fescue content of pastures<br /> <br /> MISSISSIPPI<br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Stand persistence of novel non-toxic endophyte infected tall fescue was similar to toxic E+ tall fescue. Cattle preferred to graze E- tall fescue plots indicating that they could detect and avoid grazing tall fescue that was toxic E+ infected while their preference for NE+ tall fescue was generally intermediate.<br /> <br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS: The results from this 3-yr study suggest that animal performance on tall fescue pastures, though less than ryegrass, appear to be acceptable for sustainable animal production in an area south of the traditional tall fescue zone of adaptation. The success of tall fescue in pasture-based cattle production this region, however, will depend on its persistence in pastures.<br /> <br /> NOBLE FOUNDATION<br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS:<br /> <br /> Sufficient seed of the eight tall fescue endophyte combinations was produced to allow additional grazing tolerance trials to be planted at three locations (Lubbock, Overton, and Iowa Park, Texas) in 2004. Enough seed is on hand so that grazing trials involving steers can be established in fall, 2005.<br /> <br /> Data for agronomic and animal performance were collected for a third year. All entries have persisted well at this site, which has a fertile soil with very good moisture holding capacity. Steers gains in spring were greatest for GA-5 MaxQ and Dovey, intermediate for GA-5 E- and GA-5 E+, and least for KY-31 E+. Weight gain did not differ in fall. Body temperatures followed similar patterns, with steers on KY-31 E+ having elevated temperatures in spring. Available forage differed only slightly in spring. Endophyte type and infection levels did not shift over time, with all entries having greater than 80% stands at the conclusion of the study. Thus, tall fescue can persist in the Southern Plains, under moderate grazing pressure, on soils with very good moisture holding capacity.<br /> <br /> OHIO<br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS: We found that observed endophyte levels for E- at Jackson were 77, 118, and 143% greater than expected in autumn 2001, spring 2002 and autumn 2002, respectively. Observed endophyte levels for E- at Belle Valley were 32, 70, and 39% greater than expected in autumn 2001, spring 2002 and autumn 2002, respectively. Observed endophyte levels in Nontoxic-E at all sites were consistent with the endophyte levels in the seed that was planted, and plants had a negligible concentration of toxic alkaloids. We concluded that, where mechanisms for contamination exist, E- tall fescue stands can be readily contaminated by wild tall fescue and its toxic endophyte. Also, Nontoxic-E tall fescue appears less susceptible to contamination by wild tall fescue.<br /> <br /> OREGON<br /> <br /> ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Several research projects further defined the digestive kinetics of tall fescue and perennial ryegrass endophyte alkaloids. Several feeding studies examined the ruminal digestion kinetics of ergovaline and lysergic acid in sheep and cattle. In two trials, sheep and beef steers were fed differing levels of E+ tall fescue. The possible effects of endophyte-infected fescue straw on rumen kinetics were studied as well as the potential role of rumen microbes in the metabolism of ergovaline, lysergic acid, and lolines. Animals on E+ diets showed depressed blood prolactin levels. The appearance of lysergic acid in the feces implies that ergot alkaloids in the feed were degraded to lysergic acid by rumen microbial digestion and degradation in the lower gastrointestinal tract. From this research an HPLC assay for lysergic acid was developed. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />

Publications

TF 2004 Meeting Publications <br /> <br /> ARKANSAS<br /> <br /> PUBLICATIONS:<br /> Looper, M. L., T. S. Edrington, C. F. Rosenkrans, Jr., C. L. Schultz, T. R. Callaway, G. E. Aiken, R. Flores, and D. K. Brauer. 2004. Effects of the ergot alkaloids dihydroergotamine, ergonovine, and ergotamine on the growth of Escherichia col O157:H7 and Salmonella in vitro. Proc. 5th Int. Symp. Neotyphodium/Grass Inter. 503.<br /> <br /> Looper, M. L., G.E. Aiken, R. Flores, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr., and D.K. Brauer. 2004. Supplementation influences milk yield and milk components of cows grazing stockpiled tall fescue. Proc. 5th Int. Symp. Neotyphodium/Grass Inter. 502.<br /> <br /> Aiken, G. E., S. F. Tabler, M. L. Looper, D. K. Brauer, and J. R. Strickland. 2004. Management of beef cattle to alleviate fescue toxicosis. Proc. 5th Int. Symp. Neotyphodium/Grass Inter. 410.<br /> <br /> Looper, M. L., G. E. Aiken, R. Flores, and C. F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2004. Effects of diet on performance, reproduction, and economics of market cows grazing stockpiled fescue. J. Anim. Sci. 82 (Suppl. 2):4.<br /> <br /> Aiken, G. E., M.L. Looper, S. F. Tabler, and J. R. Strickland. 2004. Recovery of yearling calves from fescue toxicosis. XX Int. Graz. Con., Dublin, Ireland.<br /> <br /> Burke, J. M., D. K. Brauer, and M. L. Looper. 2004. Use of novel endophyte-infected tall fescue for cow-calf production in Arkansas. J. Anim. Sci. 82 (Suppl. 1):91.<br /> <br /> Burke, J. M., D. K. Brauer, and M. L. Looper. 2004. Calving rate and production responses of long-term exposure to endophyte-infected tall fescue. J. Anim. Sci. 82 (Suppl. 1):90.<br /> <br /> Looper, M. L., G. E. Aiken, S. F. Tabler, R. Flores, and C. F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2004. Performance of market cows grazing stockpiled tall fescue. AR Agr. Exp. Sta. Rep. (In press).<br /> <br /> Belesky, D.P., and C.P. West. 2004. Abiotic stresses and endophyte effects. In Tall Fescue Information System. http://forages.oregonstate.edu/.<br /> <br /> Carson, R.D., C.P. West, B. de los Reyes, S. Rajguru, and C.A. Guerber. 2004. Endophyte effects on dehydrin protein expression and membrane leakage in tall fescue. In R.L. Kallenbach, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr., and T.R. Lock (eds.). Paper # 202. Abstracts and Proc. of 5th International Symposium on Neotyphodium/Grass Interactions.<br /> <br /> Coblentz, W.K., K.P. Coffey, D.A. Scarbrough, T.F. Smith, K.F. Harrison, J.B. Hum¬phry, B.C. McGinley, D.S. Hubbell III, J.E. Turner, and C.P. West. 2004. Using orchard¬grass and endophyte-free fescue versus endophyte-infected fescue overseeded on bermuda¬grass for cow herds: Four-year summary. In R.L. Kallenbach, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr., and T.R. Lock (eds.). Paper # 414. Abstracts and Proc. of 5th International Symposium on Neotyphodium/¬Grass Interactions.<br /> <br /> Coffey, K.P., W.K. Coblentz, T.F. Smith, J.E. Turner, D.S. Hubbell, III, D.A. Scarbrough, B.C. McGinley, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2004. Weaning date and pasture rotation frequency effects on forage measurements and performance by fall-born calves grazing tall fescue pastures. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 2):24<br /> <br /> Coblentz, W.K., K.P. Coffey, D.A. Scarbrough, T.F. Smith, D.S. Hubbell, III, K.F. Harrison, B.C. McGinley, J.E. Turner, and J.B. Humphry. 2004. Using orchardgrass and endophyte-free fescue versus endophyte-infected fescue overseeded on bermudagrass for cow herds: four-year summary of cattle performance. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 1):91.<br /> <br /> Coblentz, W.K., K.P. Coffey, D.A. Scarbrough, T.F. Smith, K.F. Harrison, D.S. Hubbell, III, B.C. McGinley, J.E. Turner, and J.B. Humphry. 2004. Using orchardgrass and endophyte-free fescue versus endophyte-infected fescue overseeded on bermudagrass for cow herds: four-year summary of forage characteristics. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 1):92.<br /> <br /> Gunter, S.A., P.A. Beck, K.S. Lusby, C.P. West, and D.S. Hubbell III. 2004. Comparison of three tall fescues containing novel endophytes for stocker cattle weight gain. In R.L. Kallenbach, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr., and T.R. Lock (eds.). Paper #418. Abstracts and Proc. of 5th International Symposium on Neotyphodium/Grass Interactions.<br /> <br /> Jennings, J.A., C.P. West, A.S. Moubarak, C.R. Rosenkrans, Jr., D.E. Kratz, M.S. Gad¬berry, and T.R. Troxel. 2004. Endophyte Status of Stockpiled Fescue Demonstrations in Arkansas. In R.L. Kallenbach, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr., and T.R. Lock (eds.). Paper # 516. Abstracts and Proc. of 5th International Symposium on Neotyphodi¬um/¬Grass Interactions.<br /> <br /> Nihsen, M.E., E.L. Piper, C.P. West, R.J. Crawford, T.M. Denard, Z.B. Johnson, C.A. Roberts, D.A. Spiers, and C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2004. Growth rate and physiology of steers grazing tall fescue inoculated with novel endophytes. J. Anim. Sci. 82:878-883.<br /> <br /> Reynolds, J.L., R.K. Ogden, K.P. Coffey, W.K. Coblentz, C.V. Maxwell, and K. VanDevender. 2004. In situ digestibility of tall fescue fertilized with different swine manure treatments and harvested on four dates. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 1):90.<br /> <br /> Secks, M.E., M.D. Richardson, C.P. West, and J.B. Murphy. 2004. Carbohydrate profiles of Neotyphodium coenophialum. In R.L. Kallenbach, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr., and T.R. Lock (eds.). Paper #214. Abstracts and Proc. of 5th International Symposium on Neotypho¬dium/Grass Interactions.<br /> <br /> Secks, M.E., M.D. Richardson, and C.P. West. 2004. Field performance of novel endo¬phyte/tall fescue combinations under water deficit. In R.L. Kallenbach, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr., and T.R. Lock (eds.). Paper # 405. Abstracts and Proc. of 5th International Symposium on Neotyphodium/Grass Interactions.<br /> <br /> West, C.P., and S.A. Gunter. 2004. Persistence of HiMag tall fescue inoculated with nontoxic endophytes. In R.L. Kallenbach, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr., and T.R. Lock (eds.). In R.L. Kallenbach, C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr., and T.R. Lock (eds.). Paper #518. Abstracts and Proc. of 5th International Symposium on Neotyphodium/Grass Interactions.<br /> <br /> GEORGIA<br /> <br /> PUBLICATIONS:<br /> <br /> Timper, P. and J.H. Bouton. 2004. Effect of endophtye status and tall fescue cultivar on reproduction of lesion and stubby root nematodes. Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Neotyphodium/Grass Interactions, R. Kallenbach, C. Rosenkrans, Jr., and T.R. Lock (eds.). University of Arkansas Press #406.<br /> <br /> Timper, P., R.N. Gates, and J.H. Bouton. 2005. Reproduction of Pratylenchus spp. in tall fescue infected with different strains of the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum. Nematology 7: submitted.<br /> <br /> Hill, N.S., J.H. Bouton, E.E. Hiatt, III and B. Kittle. 2004. Seed maturity, germination, and endophyte relationships in tall fescue. Crop Sci. (In press)<br /> <br /> C.E. Realini, S.K. Duckett, N.S. Hill, C.S. Hoveland, B.G. Lyon, J.R. Sackman and M.H. Gillis.2004 Effect of endophyte type on carcass traits, meat quality, and fatty acid composition of beef cattle grazing tall fescue. J. of Anim. Sci. (In Press)<br /> <br /> R. C. Youngblood, N. M. Filipov, B. J. Rude, D. L. Christiansen, R. M. Hopper, P. D. Gerard, N. S. Hill, B. P. Fitzgerald and P. L. Ryan. 2004. Effects of short-term exposure to endophyte-infected tall fescue diets on the plasma catecholamine metabolite (DOPAC) in mares during early gestation. J. of Animal Sci. (In Press)<br /> <br /> Franzluebers, A.J. and N.S. Hill. 2004. Soil carbon, nitrogen, and ergot alkaloids with short- and long-term exposure to endophyte-infected and free tall fescue. SSSA (In press)<br /> <br /> C.A. Roberts, H.R. Benedict, N.S. Hill, R.L. Kallenbach, and G.E. Rottinghaus. 2004. Determination of ergot alkaloid content in tall fescue by near-infrared spectroscopy. Crop Science (in press).<br /> <br /> Andrae, J.G. 2004. Replacing endophyte-infected tall fescue stands. Vol 13. American Forage and Grassland Council Proceedings. Roanoke, VA. Pg 131-137.<br /> Barker, David J., Nicholas S. Hill, and John G. Andrae. 2003 Measuring endophyte in tall fescue- plants, fields and farms. Chapter VI Tall Fescue Information System. In review.<br /> <br /> Lacy, Curt, John D. Anderson, and John Andrae. 2003. Economic analysis of replacing wild-type endophyte infected tall fescue with novel endophyte-infected tall fescue. Selected paper prepared for presentation at Southern Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting, Mobile AL, February 1-5 2003. Posted at http://www.agecon.lib.umn.edu/. 17 pgs.<br /> <br /> Roberts, C. and J. Andrae. 2004. Chapter 18: Public Education on Tall Fescue Toxicosis. In: Neotyphodium/Grass Interactions. In press.<br /> <br /> Roberts, C.A., and J.G. Andrae. 2004. Tall Fescue Toxicosis and Management. Crop Management doi:10.1094/CM-2004-0427-01-MG. Online. Posted at: http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/sub/cm/management/2004/toxicosis/Roberts.pdf<br /> <br /> Stuedemann JA, Seman DH. 2004. Integrating genetics, environment, and management to minimize animal toxicoses. In: Roberts CA, Spiers DA (Editors), Neotyphodium in Cool-Season Grasses, ASA Monogr. (in press).<br /> <br /> Franzluebbers AJ, Hill NS, Jenkins MB, Zuberer DA, Humayoun SB, Stuedemann JA. 2004. How does soil respond to wild-type endophyte infection? Paper #310. Proc. 5th Int. Symp. Neotyphodium/Grass Interaction, 23-26 May 2004, Fayetteville AR.<br /> <br /> Stuedemann JA, Seman DH. 2004. Integrating genetics, environment, and management to minimize animal toxicoses. Proc. 5th Int. Symp. Neotyphodium/Grass Interaction, 23-26 May 2004, Fayetteville AR.<br /> <br /> ILLINOIS<br /> <br /> Jones, K.L., C.R. McCleary, S.S. King, G.A. Apgar, K.E. Griswold. 2004. Consumption of toxic fescue impairs bull reproductive parameters. Prof<br /> Anim Sci. 20:1-6.<br /> <br /> KENTUCKY<br /> <br /> Long, W., J. C. Henning, B. Coleman, L. Lawrence, C. Peterson, and A. Reinowski. 2002. Overview of the mare reproductive loss syndrome monitoring program for 2002. in Proc. First Workshop on Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome, 2003; 102-112. Univ Kentucky, AES, SR-2003-1<br /> <br /> Schultz, C. and L. P. Bush. 2002. The potential role of ergot alkaloids in mare reproductive loss syndrome. in Proc. First Workshop on Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome, 2003; 60-63 Univ Kentucky, AES, SR-2003-1<br /> <br /> MISSISSIPPI<br /> <br /> Macoon, B., R.C. Vann, B.J. Boyd, S.E. Howell, and F.T. Withers, Jr. 2002. Forage production and animal performance on non-toxic endophyte tall fescue. In Annual Meetings Abstracts [CD-ROM]. ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Madison, WI..<br /> <br /> Macoon, B., R.C. Vann, B. Boyd, S. Howell, and F.T. Withers, Jr. 2003. Evaluation of novel-endophyte tall fescue under grazing conditions. MAFES Information Bull. 399:34.<br /> Macoon, B., R.C. Vann, B. Boyd, and F.T. Withers, Jr. 2002. Evaluation of novel-endophyte tall fescue under grazing conditions. MAFES MSU-ES Information Bull. 387:31.<br /> <br /> Macoon, B., R.C. Vann, J.D. Perkins III, and F.T. Withers, Jr. 2004. Steer performance and forage production on novel-endophyte fescue compared to ryegrass pastures. p. 504. In R. Kallenbach, C. Rosenkrans, and T. Ryan Lock (eds.). Proc. 5th Int. Symp. on Neotyphodium/Grass Interactions. Fayetteville, AR., 23-26 May 2004. University of Arkansas, Fayetteville.<br /> <br /> Macoon, B., R.C. Vann, J.D. Perkins III, and F.T. Withers, Jr. 2004. Evaluation of novel-endophyte tall fescue under grazing conditions. MAFES Information Bull. 406:37.<br /> <br /> MISSOURI<br /> <br /> PUBLICATIONS:<br /> <br /> Roberts, C.A., H.R. Benedict, N.S Hill, R.L. Kallenbach, and G.E. Rottinghaus. 2005. Determination of ergot alkaloid content in tall fescue by near-infrared spectroscopy. Crop Sci. 45:(in press).<br /> <br /> Roberts, C.A., and J.A. Andrae. 2004. Tall fescue toxicosis and management. Online. Crop Managm. doi. 10:1094/CM-2004-0427-01-MG.<br /> <br /> Roberts, C.A., C.P. West, and D.A. Spiers (eds.) 2005. Neotyphodium in Cool-Season Grasses. 392 p. Blackwell Publishing Professional, Ames, IA. (in press)<br /> <br /> Roberts, C.A., and J.A. Andrae. 2005. Public education in tall fescue toxicosis. p. 359-377. In C.A. Roberts, et al. (eds.) Neotyphodium in Cool-Season Grasses. Blackwell Publishing Professional, Ames, IA. (in press)<br /> <br /> Wen, L., J.E. Williams, R.L. Kallenbach, C.A. Roberts, P.R. Beuselinck, and R.L. McGraw. 2004. Cattle preferentially select birdsfoot trefoil from mixtures of tall fescue and birdsfoot trefoil. Online. Forage and Grazinglands doi:10.1094/FG-2004-0924-01-RS.<br /> <br /> Lock, T. R., R.L. Kallenbach, D.G. Blevins, T.M. Reinbott, G.J. Bishop-Hurley, R.J. Crawford, Jr., M.D. Massie, and J.W. Tyler. 2004. Phosphorus fertilization of tall fescue pastures may protect beef cows from hypomagnesaemia and improve gain of nursing calves. Online. Forage and Grazinglands doi:10.1094/FG-2004-0608-01-RS.<br /> NORTH DAKOTA<br /> <br /> PUBLICATIONS:<br /> N.W. Shappell and D.J. Smith. Ergovaline transport across human gastrointestinal cells (Caco-2). J. Animal Science Vol. 82, Suppl.1, p. 181,T71.<br /> <br /> N.W. Shappell and L.O. Billey. Assessment of Tasco and YCWP on Ergovaline Toxicity in Caco-2 Cells. J. Animal Science Vol. 82, Suppl.1, p. 181,T72.<br /> <br /> <br /> OHIO <br /> <br /> PUBLICATIONS:<br /> <br /> Barker, D. J., R. M. Sulc, T. L. Bultemeier, J. McCormick, R. Little, C. D. Penrose, D. Samples. 2004. Contrasting toxic-endophyte contamination between endophyte-free and nontoxic-endophyte tall fescue pastures. Crop Science (accepted)<br /> <br /> Barker, D.J., L. Rhodes, M. Burgess, R. Lewandowski, T. Noyes, D. Slates. 2004. Factors affecting the occurrence of endophyte in perennial ryegrass and tall fescue in Ohio dairy pastures. Proceedings of the American Forage and Grasslands Congress 13: 505.<br /> <br /> Hume D.E. and Barker D.J. 2005. Growth and Management of Endophytic Grasses in Pastoral Agriculture. p. 199-225. In C.A. Roberts, C.P. West, and D.E. Spiers (eds.) Neotyphodium in cool-season grasses. Blackwell Publishing, Ames, IA. Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Neotyphodium/Grass Interactions, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA. 23-26 May 2004.<br /> <br /> Barker, D.J., N.S. Hill, and J.G. Andrae. 2004. Measuring endophyte in tall fescue - plants, fields and farms. Chapter 6 in the online e-book Tall Fescue Information System http://forages.oregonstate.edu/is/tfis/<br /> <br /> Barker, D.J., Penrose, C.; Sulc, R.M.; Little, R.; Samples, D. 2003. Persistence of non-toxic endophyte fescue in S.E. Ohio. Proceedings of the National Assoc of County Ag Agents (NACAA) 88:38-39.<br /> <br /> Sulc, R.M., McCormick, J.S., Rhodes, L.H., Barker, D.J., Hammond, R.B. 2003. Ohio Forage Performance Trials 2003.<br /> <br /> OREGON<br /> <br /> PUBLICATIONS:<br /> <br /> Blythe L, Craig AM, Pielstick L. Outbreak of fescue foot in Eastern Oregon cattle: A case study. Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Bangkok, Thailand. November 9-13, 2003.<br /> <br /> Lehner AF, Craig AM, Blythe LL, Tobin T. Fescue toxicosis originating from minor peptide alkaloids. Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium of the World Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Bangkok, Thailand. November 9-13, 2003.<br /> <br /> Aldrich-Markham S, Pirelli G, Craig AM. Endophyte Toxins in Grass Seed Fields and Straw Effects on Livestock. Extension Communication EM 8598. Oregon State University Extension Service. August 2003.<br /> <br /> Fisher MJ, Bohnert DW, Ackerman CJ, Schauer CS, DelCurto T, Craig AM, Vanzant ES, Harmon DL, Schrick FN. Evaluation of Perennial Ryegrass Straw as a Forage Source for Ruminants. Journal of Animal Science. 2004; 82:2175-2184.<br /> <br /> Hermes JC, Nakaue HS, Craig AM, The Effect of Feeding Endophyte-Infected Feed and Bedding on the Performance of Broilers. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 2004; 13:71-76.<br /> <br /> DeLorme M, Lodge-Ivey SL, Craig AM. Effects of feeding Neotyphodium coenophialum-infected tall fescue straw on lamb performance. Proceedings of the Western Sectional, American Society of Animal Science Vol 45:393-396 and Poster. Corvallis, OR. June 16-18, 2004.<br /> <br /> TENNESSEE <br /> <br /> PUBLICATIONS<br /> <br /> Blalock, H.M., and C.J. Richards. 2004. Effects of purified fiber energy supplementation on digestion and ruminal parameters of steers fed cool season grass hay. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 1):293.<br /> <br /> Baublits, R.T., J. Brown, F.W. Pohlman, Z.B. Johnson, D.O. Onks, H.D. Loveday, R.E. Morrow, B.A. Sandelin, W.K. Coblentz, C.J. Richards, and R.B. Pugh. 2004. Carcass and beef color characteristics of three biological types of cattle grazing cool-season forages supplemented with soyhulls. Meat Science 68:297-303.<br /> <br /> Bates, G. 2004. Novel endophytes in tall fescue. In K. Cassida (ed.) Proc. Amer. Forage and Grass. Council. Roanoke, VA. 12-16 June. pp. 120-124.<br /> <br /> Bates, G. 2004. Novel endophytes in tall fescue. In Proc. UT Beef and Forage Field Day. Knoxville, TN 10 June. pp. 2-6.<br /> <br /> Briggs. L.A., J.C. Waller, H.M. Blalock, and C.J. Richards. 2004. Evaluation of tall fescue, soybean hulls and ionophores in vitro. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 1):38.<br /> <br /> Corrigan, A.M., J.C. Waller, A.M. Saxton, L.C. Miller, and C.J. Richards. 2004. Rumen parameters of cattle grazing tall fescue pastures differing in endophyte status. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 1):91.<br /> <br /> Fisher, A.E., W.W. Gill, C.D. Lane, Jr., D.K. Joines, J.B. Neel and C.J.Richards. 2003. Two-year mineral survey reveals deficiencies and imbalances in Tennessee tall fescue. Prof. Anim. Sci. 19:286-289.<br /> <br /> Fribourg, Henry A. and John C. Waller. 2004. Neotyphodium Research and Application in the USA. In: West, C., Spiers, D. and Roberts, C. (Eds). Neotyphodium in Cool-Season Grasses, Current Research & Applications. Iowa State Press, Ames, Iowa. (In press).<br /> <br /> Oliver, Jack W. 2004. Pathophysiologic response to endophyte toxins. In: West, C., Spiers, D. and Roberts, C. (Eds). Neotyphodium in Cool-Season Grasses, Current Research & Applications. Iowa State Press, Ames, Iowa. (In press).<br /> <br /> Oliver, Jack W. and Lester Fletcher. 2004. Animal disorders and their physiological basis. Tall Fescue Information System. http://forages.orst.edu/is/tfis/ David Hannaway and Associates, Oregon State University. (In press).<br /> <br /> Richards, C.J., J.C. Waller, W.W. Gill, A.E. Fisher, C.D. Lane, and J.B. Neel. 2004. Mineral Imbalances in Tennessee Tall Fescue. In: 5th International Symposium on Neotyphodium/Grass Interactions. (R. Kallenbach, C. Rosenkrans, Jr., and T.Ryan Lock Eds.).May 23-26 Fayetteville, AR. pp 148-150.<br /> <br /> Schuenemann, Gustavo Martin, 2004 Performance and fertility of yearling bulls grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue pastures. M.S. Thesis. University of Tennessee, Knoxville.<br /> <br /> Schuenemann, G. M., J. L. Edwards, M.D. Davis, H.E. Blackmon, F.N. Scenna, N.R. Rohrbach, A.M. Saxton, H.S. Adair, F.M. Hopkins, J.C. Waller, and F.N. Schrick. 2004. Effects of administration of ergotamine tartrate on fertility of yearling beef bulls. Theriogenology, (Available online 17 Sep 2004; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science).<br /> <br /> Schuenemann, G.M., J.L. Edwards, J.L. Lawrence, R.R. Payton, F.N. Scenna, J.C. Waller, J.W. Oliver, and F.N. Schrick. 2004. Developmental competence of oocytes fertilized in vitro with semen form bulls grazing tall fescue pastures. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 1):101.<br /> <br /> Schuenemann, G.M., J.C. Waller, F.M. Hopkins, H.S. Adair, N.R. Rohrbach, F. N. Scenna, D.I. Bryant, A.M. Saxton, J.W. Oliver, J.C. Riggins, and F.N. Schrick. 2004. Performance and semen quality of yearling bulls grazing tall fescue pastures. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 1):299.<br /> <br /> Seals, R.C., G.M. Schuenemann, J.W. Lemaster, A.M. Saxton, J.C. Waller and F.N. Schrick. 2005. Follicular dynamics in beef heifers consuming ergotamine tartrate as a model of endophyte-infected tall fescue consumption. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 4 (1): 97-102.<br /> <br /> <br />

Impact Statements

1. ARKANSAS IMPACTS: Factors such as ergot alkaloids (i.e., ergovaline), exposure to a combination of alkaloids, characteristics of the grazed forage, or management strategies that influence the incidence of fecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in cattle grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue may help identify times when on-farm pathogen control would be the most effective and increase overall food safety.
2. ARKANSAS IMPACTS: Extension of the grazing season with stockpiled forages can decrease dependence on stored or purchased feeds reducing feed costs. If availability of stockpiled fescue is adequate, supplementation of cows may not be nutritionally or economically necessary.
3. ARKANSAS IMPACTS: Steer gains are critical for profitable stocker operations and tall fescue is a key forage in year round cattle operations. Ivermectin is one method of maintaining acceptable steer gains while grazing toxic tall fescue.
4. ARKANSAS IMPACT: Calving and weaning can possibly be timed to minimize endophyte toxin effects on stress and growth of beef calves born on N. coenophialum-infested tall fescue pastures. Biochemical Responses to Endophyte Infection and Water Deficit in Tall Fescue
5. ARKANSAS IMPACTS: The results may lead to a better understanding of the biochemical mechanisms of stress signal transduction and subsequent plant responses associated with enhanced stress tolerance. The endophytes involvement in boosting host stress tolerance may be through signals that amplify the production of membrane-protecting dehydrins. These results form the basis for further work on identifying biochemical or molecular markers to aid in selecting endophytes that substantially enhance
6. GEORGIA IMPACT: In summary, we have identified three non-ergot producing endophyte strains which confer a high level of resistance to the lesion nematode P. scribneri, and two non-ergot strains which confer moderate resistance. We are currently retesting these resistant strains of N. coenophialum to confirm their ergot alkaloid status and their ability to suppress reproduction of the lesion nematode.
7. GEORGIA IMPACT: If multiple fall herbicide applications effectively eradicate toxic tall fescue, the adoption of novel endophyte-infected tall fescue should improve. The ability to graze spring and summer tall fescue production during the replacement year decreases costs and increases flexibility by allowing producers to defer replacement decisions until fall months when they can evaluate if weather and hay stores are favorable.
8. GEORGIA IMPACT: Depending upon a producers management options available, this research shows (1) that the negative effect of wild-type endophyte on cattle performance can be avoided with establishment of nonergot-alkaloid producing endophyte and (2) that the negative effect of wild-type endophyte on cattle production can be partly overcome with higher stocking rate, especially during spring and summer seasons.
9. ILLINOIS IMPACTS: Bull reproductive performance may be disrupted after ingesting toxic fescue. There are potential detrimental effects to bull reproduction after consuming wild-type fescue.
10. MISSISSIPPI IMPACT: Novel, non ergot alkaloid producing endophyte infected tall fescue has persisted as well as toxic endophyte tall fescue. Animals prefer to consume endophyte free tall fescue compared with toxic endophyte infected tall fescue.
11. MISSISSIPPI IMPACT: Based on the results from this study, a future study is currently being established to examine the potential of novel endophyte tall fescue in year-round pasture systems with bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] as the summer forage. Within that study, grazing management to evaluate various levels of grazing intensity will be done. Also, in another study planned for this winter will evaluate supplementation management vs. sole pasture of tall fescue. Further, advance
12. OHIO IMPACTS: presentations to 8 industry meetings in north-east USA (OH, PA) in which results from endophyte studies were presented (total audience 520)

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Report Information

Participants

Brief Summary of Minutes

John Andrae called the Business Meeting to order.

John Andrae read the minutes. Henry Fribourg noted that acclamation was spelled incorrectly.

Henry Fribourg moved to accept the minutes, Karen Jones seconded, minutes were approved by acclamation.

David Lang (Treasurer) reported we know have a Tax Identification Number. Last years meeting balance was $637.61. This year we had $775.00 income. Current expenses for reception were $119.51. The hotel has yet to settle for this years charges.

Jim Strickland moved to accept Treasurers report and Charlie Rosencrantz seconded the motion, which was approved by acclamation.

John Andrae reported that the letter announcing the publications database to 59 agriculture schools was mailed out as well as electronically to Southern Association of Agricultural Experiment Station Directors.

Karen Jones asked if the subcommittee suggested by Nick Hill in 2005 had been appointed to write large grants for the effort. Don Spiers moved that this committee be made up of Nick Hill (Chair), Karen Jones, Morrie Craig, and John Waller and be charged to investigate competitive funding sources for Fescue Toxicosis Research. Morrie Craig seconded motion and passed by acclamation.

Membership directory: Jim Strickland suggested that this needed to be updated. Henry Fribourg suggested that we have John Waller send out an email requesting updates and post to the website.

Don Spiers was nominated for incoming secretary. John Andrae opened the floor to other nominations. No other nominations were provided. Charlie moved that Don be elected and Karen seconded. Don was elected unanimously by acclamation.

Location committee proposed that the 2007 meeting be held at Natchez State Park, October 14-16th, 2007. Discussion called for by John Andrae. Charlie Rosencrantz moved that this proposal be accepted. Morrie Craig seconded the motion and it was accepted unanimously by acclamation.

Jim Strickland suggested that this group be moved to a Regional Research Project. Discussion by the group indicated that several drawbacks existed, such as extra paper work, loss of state funds to current projects and the need to show clear research connections. Also, if it becomes a project then the group would become much more restrictive in membership. Consensus of the group was that it was not desirable to become a Regional Project. It was pointed out that it is extremely important that we have active participation of our Administrative Advisor. It was suggested that we contact USDA-CSREES about getting more participation by the Advisor. Henry Fribourg moved and Charlie Rosencrantz seconded that the Chair follow-up on how to get more participation by the Administrative Advisor at the meeting. This was passed by acclamation.

Renewal of the SERA-IEG 8 group charter will be in 2008.

David Lang suggested that we provide a $50.00 gift certificate for Kelli Greene for her extra effort on the report. This was approved by acclamation.

It was suggested that Jim Strickland send his Mind Map out to the group and let it start circulating. It was also suggested that we meet Monday night of next years meeting to do an exercise in Mind Mapping.

Correct name for tall fescue now: Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb) Darbysh = Festuca arundinacea (Schreb).

Gavel was passed to Jim Strickland by John Andrae.

Jim Strickland called for a motion to adjourn. John Andrae moved to adjourn, Morrie Craig seconded and the meeting was adjourned.

Accomplishments

Publications

Impact Statements

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