S1032: Animal Production Systems: Synthesis of Methods to Determine Triple Bottom Line Sustainability from Findings of Reductionist Research

(Multistate Research Project)

Status: Inactive/Terminating

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SAES-422 Reports

Annual/Termination Reports:

[07/27/2015] [09/15/0206] [08/10/2016] [08/23/2017] [08/23/2017] [07/21/2018]

Date of Annual Report: 07/27/2015

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 10/20/2014 - 10/22/2014
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2014 - 09/01/2015

Participants

Name State Institution email
Brent Auvermann Texas Texas A&M AgriLife b-auvermann@tamu.edu
Kenneth D. Casey Texas Texas A&M AgriLife kdcasey@ag.tamu.edu
John J. Classen North Carolina N.C. State Univ. john_classen@ncsu.edu
Erin L. Cortus South Dakota South Dakota State U. erin.cortus@sdstate.edu
Shannon Creason North Carolina N.C. State Univ. sbcreaso@ncsu.edu
Robert E. DeOtte Texas West Texas A&M Univ. rdeotte@wtamu.edu
Ron Lacewell Texas Texas A&M AgriLife r-lacewell@tamu.edu
Brooke Latack Michigan Michigan State Univ. latack@msu.edu
Zifei Liu Kansas Kansas State Univ. zifeiliu@ksu.edu
Deanne Meyer California UC Davis dmeyer@ucdavis.edu
Jactone A. Ogejo Virginia Virginia Tech arogo@vt.edu
Wendy Powers Michigan Michigan State Univ. wpowers@msu.edu
Amy M. Schmidt Nebraska U. of Nebraska-Lincoln aschmidt@unl.edu
Steven Safferman Michigan Michigan State Univ. steves@msu.edu
Jovana Vukovic Texas West Texas A&M Univ. jvukovic@wtamu.edu

Brief Summary of Minutes

2015 S1032 Annual business meeting minutes
Date: June 3, 2015 at 11:00 am
Location: Brody Hall, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI

Agenda:
1. Review of 2015 annual meeting
2. Membership listserv- updating and keeping current
3. MSU Adobe Connect site retirement
4. Webinars
5. Election of officers
6. 2016 annual meeting location
A. Review of 2015 annual meeting
• Meeting location and available facilities were great and worked well
for the planned activities.
• A total of 15 participants attended. Attendance by all registered
members would be desirable.
• Ron Lacewell noted that the deadline for submitting the S1032 annual
report was 90 days after the meeting date. The report should include:
minutes of the business meeting; attendees with e-mails and location;
brief annual progress report; and impact statement(s).
B. Membership listserv – updating and keeping it current
• Current listserv includes people who have retired and others who have
not attended the annual meetings and submitted state reports in a long
time. After discussions the group recommended that Jactone (secretary)
and Deanne (chair) work with Dr. Lacewell to identify listed
participants who have retired and those who have not submitted state
report for the last 2 years. Dr. Lacewell to follow up with the
identified participants about their interest and continued
participation on the project.
C. MSU Adobe connect
• MSU will discontinue the use of Adobe connect effective June 30, 2015.
Need to identify how to download and store S1032 recordings on Adobe
connect. Desire to keep recordings for a year. Brent will check
AgriLife for availability of space to store recordings.
• MSU is moving to a new program called Zoom Pro. It provides unlimited
time per session with up to 25 participants. Higher versions are
available to accommodate more participants – but there may be charges
for use. Can see all participants and also record and remove within 30
mintes.
• Need to decide on Zoom or WebEx for coming webinars.
D. Webinars
• Webinars identified as a platform for continued discussions on how to
encourage/engage others to participate in project. Webinars should
cover topics focused on modifying/clarifying the CLD to make it
relevant and realistic to participants work. Need to make it clear that
the CLD is a schematic to show our collective work. Although
incomplete/work in progress, we need to document what we think we know
or what we know to the best extent possible. This could be done through
examples including: identification of problems/individual stories
should be encouraged; use to serve as guidance for technology
development; have individuals identify the connection/species/scope;
what research is needed to impact the system; arrangements of nodes and
loops that give rise to predictable behavior; identification of change
of parameter/node may or may not impact behavior since the structure is
dominant in some cases. The schedule for the webinarand the topics to
be covered for the coming year are listed below. All webinars will be
conducted at 2 PM EST (11 am PST; 1 pm CST)
- August 28, 2015. Describe social science interactions with the S1032
group. John Classen to lead and work with Jovana Vukovic and Ed Kick
on developing the story line to guide webinar. Expand the population
node to identify relevant variables. Map and describe the storyline
from a social scientist point of view.
- September 25, 2015. Focus on the manure value node (R10). Eric
Cortus and Amy Schmidt to develop and lead the seminar.
- October 23, 2015. Focus on data set/management based on White et al.
(2013) – computers and electronics in agriculture paper. Wendy
Powers to lead effort. Consider inviting Gerrit Hoogenboom (one of
the paper authors) to present. Jerry Hartfield also identified as a
potential presenter.
- January 22, 2016. Webinar to follow up on October presentation.
Groups working on selected nodes to provide/share updates on
progress.
- March 25, 2016 at 2 pm EST. To focus on agronomy/soil science. Need
to identify presenter(s)
- May 27, 2016 at 2 pm EST. Open, close to annual meeting dates

• Expectations of the lead person: Contact speakers, define what the
speaker is being asked to do, introduce the speakers and manage time
during webinars, and write up the summary for the webinar.

• Templates for flyer for the webinar announcement to be developed
(Deanne Meyer). Also needed is a template for the summary of webinars.

• Need a volunteer to lead the data management effort.

E. Election of officials
• John Classen nominated Erin Cortus for secretary. Auvermann seconded.
Erin elected as secretary (unanimous vote).
• Officials for 2015/2016: Chair - Luis Rodriguez; Vice chair – Jactone
A. Ogejo; Secretary – Erin Cortus; Past chair – Deanne Meyer.
F. 2016 annual meeting location and planning
• Meeting location and date: Raleigh, NC, May 23-25, 2016.
• Planning committee: Brent, Zifei, Jovana, John, Luis, Erin

Meeting was adjourned at 11:30 am

Minutes Attachment:

Attachment

Accomplishments

The accomplishments (collective and state based) for this reporting period are listed by the projects three objectives below. The participating states and respective principal investigators (PIs) are listed in Table 1. Objective 1: Engage collaborators from needed broad range of disciplines, institutions, and stakeholder groups to catalyze conceptual and quantitative synthesis, collaboration, and data sharing. Planned activities to accomplish this objective include: create more learning and idea generation opportunities by increasing regular interactions among project participants using webinars and annual meeting format that allows structured analysis and discussions to achieve the goals of the group. Project participants completed the activities listed below towards this objective. • Hosted two group webinars to continue discussions to enhance our understanding of the causal loop diagram (CLD) is an attachment to the minutes and available from Lacewell (r-lacewell@tamu.edu), brainstormed topics and abstracts to collectively prepare for the Collaborative Modeling conference held at Michigan State University in June 2015, discussed USDA NIFA and other funding opportunities relevant to the group. The group led by Meyer (chair) prepared and submitted a $4,000,000 proposal to the USDA-NIFA Coordinated Agricultural Program. • Structured the 2015 annual meeting agenda to a group discussion focus. The three discussion topics included: review of March 26, 2015 webinar content that centered around B14 node/loop of the CLD and heard examples from other project participants directly working on constructing the CLD or portions of it; developing data structures and data units using information presented in White et al. (2013)[Integrated description of agricultural field experiments and production: The ICASA Version 2.0 data standards]. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 96:1-12 as guide; and how to use webinars more effective as a group to advance our course. • Several participants attended conferences held by other professional societies (such as Ecological Society of America meetings, a Collaborative Modeling conference held at Michigan State University) to grow/seek new disciplines to contribute to our network of collaborators. This resulted in identification of potential new project participants and collaborators (including sociologists, community leaders, systems analysts, and dynamic modelers) for future grant opportunities. These disciplines would build on the skills of current membership. • Some members’ sought collaborators working on/or associated with sustainability of agricultural production, especially for animal agriculture. Various governmental agencies (USDA, EPA, and National Library, non-profits such as Field to Market and other NGO's plus commodity groups. Building networks where information and data can be shared will provide a strong baseline of materials from which inferences and concepts can be developed and implemented. • Engaged a number of outside groups and agencies including the USDA Climate Hubs concerning our efforts to build capacity for providing education programs and material on climate change and animal agriculture. Table 1. Project participants by state, CLD nodes relevant to their work, and data or resources available to share State Name CLD – Node/Loop Data/Resources Arkansas Jun Zhu B14, B19, B15 California Deanne Meyer R10, B11, B12, B13, B14, B15, B19, R18 Lagoons, feed, solid separation, biodigesters Ruihong Zhang Idaho Lide Chen B13, B15, B19 Biodigesters, air quality Illinois Luis F. Rodriguez Xinlei Wang Indiana T. Applegate Iowa Jacek A. Koziel B14, B15, R10, B11, B12 Kansas Zifei Liu B15, GHG VEB, UV to reduce air pollutants Kentucky Joseph Taraba Michigan Steven Safferman B14, B15, B18, B19 Biodigesters, biomass feedstock Wendy Powers B14, B15, B21, B26, R10, R25 Feed, production, excretion, pasture + soil GHG Minnesota Kevin Janni R18, R19, B15 Larry Jacobson R18, B19, B15, GHG Mississippi John Schneider Nebraska Amy M. Schmidt R10, B14, B16 Soil health; fate of nutrients, AMR bacteria, steroid hormones North Carolina Edward Kick R28, B21, B19 John J. Classen R28, B12, B13, B15, B26, B29, B30 Ammonia recovery, characteristics of scraped manure North Dakota Shafiqur Rahman Ohio Lingying Zhao Oklahoma Miyun Kang Paulette Hebert South Dakota Erin Cortus R10, B11, B15, GHG NAEMS data, Confined beef cattle facility emission data, bedded manure packs Texas Brent Auvermann All; B26, R10, B14, B15, B17, R18, B19 Land application of manure; dust, visibility, and bioaerosols; human health; antimicrobial resistance; Stella/Vensim models; beef LCA; biofuel feedstock characterization; compost characterization Kenneth D. Casey B14, B15, B17, GHG Robert E. DeOtte B14, Food Security Data on water conservation in meat packing plants, results of workshops on secure beef cattle production, biosecurity plans and continuity of operations plans for beef cattle production. Marty Rhoades Jovana Vukovic Virginia Jactone A. Ogejo B13, B14, B15, B19 Lagoon, biodigesters The base causal loop diagram (CLD) is applied to facilitate organization, synthesis, and integration of component-based research findings and supporting data. This is the basis of S-1032. The CLD is available from Lacewell (r-lacewell@tamu.edu). It is required to interpret Table 1 information. Objective 2. Facilitate organization, synthesis, and integration of component-based research findings and supporting data. The underlying premise of this objective is that project participants collaborate or work together in teams to build a component(s) of the relational aspects of animal protein production presented in the CLD. Participants will make/share data available to support the CLD work via a publicly accessible database. Planned activities to meet this objective include: (1) identifying the types of data participants have or being generated in their current work and (2) designing and hosting a publicly accessible database for sharing project data by participants to facilitate development/integration of system components outlined in the CLD (figure 1). The accomplishments towards achieving this objective include: • Project participants identified the relevant nodes relevant to their work and also indicated sets of data they have available to share as listed in table 1. • Form groups using the self-identification and to refine and construct the CLD. Some examples of specific data available and/or current research activities by project participants to generate data for potential use in completing the CLD are listed below. Arkansas: working on node B19 of the CLD on the use of renewable energy. They will generate data to develop a cost effective advanced anaerobic digester system that uses dry poultry litter as feedstock. California: working in the areas of conversion of feed nutrients to product (salt sequestration), technology evaluation for nutrient relocation, environmental regulations, and biodigesters. Some data available to share include: Pond data—multiple locations/depths/sampling events TS, VS, Redox, EC, Temp, and pH; nutrient application to fields—wastewater application rates macro nutrient analyses (not sulfur); feed inventory analyses on commercial operations/milk exports animal exports (micro some micro analyses); solid separation (influent and effluent and particle size quantification of TS and VS), settling basins, and other separation devices; total collection data (calves, heifers, dry cows, lactating cows, goats) used for ASABE D384.2; ammonia and PM analysis in conjunction with dust control; and pharmaceuticals. Iowa State: collecting data using wet scrubber and advance oxidation technologies to mitigate particulate matter, odor, volatile organic compounds, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide emissions from livestock operations. Their work focuses on the confluence of B14, B15, R10, B11, and B12 nodes of the CLD. Idaho: Working on mitigating gas emissions from swine facilities and manure application land. Two wood bark based down flow biofilters have been built and demonstrated at a commercial swine nursery barn for their efficiency on reducing odor and gas emissions. They have also demonstrated dairy manure land injection technique for reducing ammonia emission and retaining nitrogen fertilizer value in soils. Kansas: Data on vegetative environmental buffers and photocatalytic technology using UV/TiO2 technologies to mitigate air emissions from swine facilities. Meta-analysis data on enteric methane emissions and ammonia emissions from beef and dairy cattle operations. Michigan: (1) Project participants Powers and Safferman and Auvermann (participant from TX) teamed up in August 2014 and initiated an M.S. program for a student to develop a portion of the CLD based on swine data collected by Powers. Their goal is to advance this work to a PhD program whereby Objective 3 goals will be included. In addition, Powers has data that could be used to further develop the CLD for a beef system that considers animal performance efficiency and resulting broader impacts on environmental metrics. (2) Safferman developed decision support tools to convert animal waste into a resource. Three tools - Michigan Waste Biomass Inventory to Support Renewable Energy (Inventory) maps organic wastes in the state of Michigan and conduct preliminary energy modeling, Anaerobic Digestion Development Iterative Tool, and the Combustion Renewable Energy Development Iterative Tool to model the economic, renewable energy production, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction from using organic residuals from farms are publically available, at no charge. Minnesota: Completed a studies that measured the impact of renewable (geothermal) energy in swine grow-finish production and quantified pig production losses due to typical heat stress conditions in a grow-finish pig production system in the Midwestern U.S. North Carolina: Ammonia recovery membrane materials are being tested for characteristics that determine flux rates which will be used in design guidance documents. Characteristics of scraped manure are being determined and the energy recovery potential being measured through anaerobic digestion and gasification. North Dakota: Scientists are exploring different options to mitigate environmental impacts from livestock production facility and manure management, while maintaining sustainable growth of the livestock industry. Nanoparticles are being applied at different application rates to investigate their effectiveness to mitigate hydrogen sulfide and GHG. Nebraska: Has data on manure application impact on soil arthropod diversity; the impact of manure application setback distance relative to nutrient transport; analysis of manure application method impact on nutrient and bacterial transport following precipitation events; spatial distribution of antimicrobial resistant bacteria; and antimicrobial resistance genes in soil receiving long-term beef manure applications. South Dakota: Collaborating with North Dakota and Nebraska) to measure nitrogen and phosphorus balance, and greenhouse gas emission from land applied beef cattle manure. Collecting nitrogen and phosphorus data from deep pit and deep-bedded confinement cattle facilities in the Northern Great Plains. The data will be used to inform and validate the Integrated Farm System Model (Rotz et al, 2014-Rotz, C.A., F. Montes, S.D. Hafner, A.J. Heber, R.H. Grant. 2014. Ammonia emission model for whole farm evaluation of dairy production systems. Journal of Environmental Quality doi:10.2134/jeq2013.04.0121). Texas: (1) Project participants DeOtte and Auvermann have demonstrated ability to reduce by fifty percent water consumption in head washes in commercial abattoirs in the Texas High Plains and have been invited to inventory other water uses in harvest process and recommend changes for further conservation; developed causal loop diagram of “early harvest to reduce impact of infectious disease”; developed routes and ports for Integrated Management Zones as part of response plan for infectious livestock disease outbreaks; and developed rudimentary LabVIEW code to simulate growth curves of Bos taurus in confinement on a daily time step - a major component of the “virtual feed yard” concept. (2) Project participants DeOtte and Casey are working on saving water during beef cattle harvest process. A new proposal to evaluate the water needed for disinfection and carcass cooling postulates a potential additional twenty percent in water savings. That is substantial monetary savings for the processor and improves potential for sustaining rural economies that rely upon water from the Ogallala Aquifer. Virginia: Continues to work on recovery of value added products from agricultural and industrial residues and agricultural air quality related to nodes B13, B15, and B19. Have data on full-scale anaerobic digesters using dairy manure. ? Objective 3. Discover (reveal), substantiate, and interpret the broader impacts of component-level modifications to animal production systems. At Iowa, a major update to the Air Management Practices Assessment Tool (AMPAT) was completed using Scientific Literature Database. A total of 267 papers were reviewed to evaluate mitigation technologies performance for emissions of odor, VOCs, NH3, H2S, PM, and GHGs and inform future research needs. The tool can be accessed at: http://www.agronext.iastate.edu/ampat/database/homepage.html In Michigan, data from a swine feeding study that measured dietary impact on air emissions and nutrient excretion will be modeled to reveal the longer term impact on soil nutrient accumulation and potential water quality. This work is in the early stages but will add in the feedback loops to the portion of the CLD under development (Objective 2). At Minnesota, research results from the renewable energy use in and the effects of heat stress on pig production in the Midwest, both validate the need for a component-level approach espoused by the S1032 project. This individual results will hopefully contribute to an overall understanding of the animal production system as laid out in the systematic and been greater than the sum of its parts when combined with other research results from other S-1032 members. Also, data from 38 dairy farms that use automated calf feeders was collected eight times over approximately 18 months to a identifying vital factors impacting calf morbidity, mortality, health and welfare when dairy calf raisers use automated calf feeders and group housing. The multidisciplinary team is considering management practices and building design and their impact on calf health, behavior and performance. North Carolina is developing CLD models of potential resource recovery technologies and schemes to connect these farm level modifications to the high level CLD. Kick and Classen are working with a graduate student to create a model of food production sustainability at the global scale. World Bank data aggregated at the national level will be used to quantify the model. In Texas, workshops (sponsored by USDA APHIS VS and DHS RRAP) are being conducted to disseminate the results implementation of food security plans (Routes & Ports and Alternative Harvest Strategies). These results are not only valuable, but preemptive should the United States encounters an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease.

Publications

Journal Articles Ayadi, F. Y., Cortus, E. L., Spiehs, M. J., Miller, D., & Gemechis, D. 2014. Ammonia and greenhouse gas concentrations at surfaces of simulated beef cattle bedded manure packs. Transactions of the ASABE 58(3):783-795. Ayadi, F. Y., Spiehs, M. J., Cortus, E. L., & Miller, D. 2014. Physical, chemical and biological properties of simulated beef cattle bedded manure packs. Transactions of the ASABE, 58(3), 797-811. Baimatova, N., J.A. Koziel, B. Kenessov. 2015. Quantification of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene in internal combustion engine exhaust with time-weighted average solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Analytica Chimica Acta, 873, 38-50. Cai, L. J.A. Koziel, M. O’Neal. 2015. Studying plant – insect interactions with solid phase microextraction: screening for airborne volatile emissions of soybeans to the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Chromatography, 2, 265-276. Chiavegato, M. B., J. Rowntree, D. Carmichael, W. Powers. 2015. Enteric methane from lactating beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 93:1365-1375. Chiavegato, M. B., J. Rowntree, D. Carmichael, W. Powers. 2015. Pasture derived greenhouse gas emissions in cow-calf production systems. J. Anim. Sci. 93:1350-1364. Chiavegato, M. B., N. Palumbo, W. Powers. 2015. Ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from housed Holstein steers fed different levels of dietary crude protein. J. Anim. Sci. 93(1):395-404. Collins E., J. A. Ogejo, L. Krometis. 2015. Treating separated liquid dairy manure derived from mesophilic anaerobic digester effluent to reduce indicator pathogens and Salmonella concentrations for use as organic fertilizer. J. of Environ. Science and Health Part A 50:1-9. Cortus, E. L., Al Mamun, M. R. H., Spiehs, M. J., Ayadi, F. Y., Doran, B. E., Kohl, K., . . . Nicolai, R. 2014. Site, environmental and airflow characteristics for mono-slope beef cattle facilities in the Northern Great Plains. Transactions of the ASABE 58(1):123-145. Cortus, E.L., L.D. Jacobson, B.P. Hetchler, A.J. Heber, B.W. Bogan, B.W. 2014. Methane and nitrous oxide analyzer comparison and emissions from dairy freestall barns with manure flushing and scraping. Atmospheric Environment, available online: 22-OCT-2014 DOI information: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.10.039. Janni, K.A., L. D. Jacobson, B. P. Hetchler, J. P. Oliver, L. J. Johnston. 2014. Semi-continuous air sampling versus 24-hour bag samples to evaluate biofilters on a swine nursery in warm weather. Trans. of ASABE 57(5): 1501-1515 Kafle, G.K., L. Chen, H. Neibling, B. He. 2015. Field evaluation of wood bark-based down-flow biofilters in terms of mitigation of odor, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide emissions and pressure drop from confined swine nursery barns. Journal of Environmental Management 147: 164-174. Li, Q.-F, N. Trottier, W. Powers. 2015. Feeding reduced crude protein diets with crystalline amino acids supplementation reduce air gas emissions from housing. J. Anim. Sci. 93:721-730. Meyer, D., P.H. Robinson, P.L. Price, J. Heguy. 2015. Determination of silage face surface area on commercial California dairy farms. Grass and Forage Science in press. doi: 10.1111/gfs.12160. Newbold, J. R., S. M. van Zijderveld, R. B. A. Hulshof, W. B. Fokkink, R. A. Leng, P. Terencio, W. J. Powers, H. B. Perdok. 2014. The effect of incremental levels of dietary nitrate on methane emissions in Holstein steers and performance in Nelore bulls. J. Anim Sci. 92:5032-5040. Rasmussen, M.L., J.A. Koziel, J.-L. Jane, A.L. Pometto. 2015. Reducing bacterial contamination in fuel ethanol fermentation by ozone treatment of uncooked corn mash. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 63, 5239-5248. Safferman, S. I., J.M. Wallace. 2015. Cow Manure: Waste or Resource? IEEE Potentials, 34(1):25-29. Spiehs, M. J., Cortus, E. L., Holt, G. A., Kohl, K., Doran, B. E., Ayadi, F. Y., . . . Nicolai, R. 2014. Particulate matter concentrations for mono-slope beef cattle facilities in the Northern Great Plains. Transactions of the ASABE 57(6):1831-1837. Todd, R. W., N. A. Cole, G. R. Hagevoort, K. D. Casey, B. W. Auvermann. 2015. Ammonia losses and nitrogen partitioning at a southern High Plains open lot dairy. Atmospheric Environment 110(1):75-83. Wallace, J. M., S.I. Safferman. 2014. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors and the Influence of space velocity and biomass concentration on methane production for liquid dairy manure. Biomass and Bioenergy, 66:143-150. Woolcock, P.J., J.A. Koziel, P.A. Johnston, R.C. Brown, K.M. Broer. 2015. Analysis of trace contaminants in hot gas streams using time-weighted average solid-phase microextraction: pilot-scale validation. Fuel, 153, 552-558. Yan, M., G. Kandlikar, L.D. Jacobson, C. Clanton, B. Hu. 2014. laboratory storage simulation to study swine manure foaming. Transactions of the ASABE. 57(3):907-914. Yegemova S., N.V. Bakaikina, B. Kenessov, J.A. Koziel, M. Nauryzbayev. 2015. Determination of 1-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole in soils contaminated by rocket fuel using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. Talanta, 143, 226-233. Zhu, W., J.A. Koziel, L. Cai, H.D. Ozsoy, J.H. van Leeuwen. 2015. Quantification of carbonyl compounds generated from ozone-based food colorants decomposition using on-fiber derivatization-SPME-GC-MS. Chromatography, 2015, 2, 1-18. Conference Proceedings Auvermann, B. W. 2015. “Livestock environmental quality research factors,” presented to the High Plains Air Park Workshop, Amarillo, TX, February 5. Auvermann, B. W., D. Meyer. 2015. Animal Production Systems: Looking for Structure, presented to the Spring 2015 quarterly webinar of NIFA Multistate Committee S-1032, March 26. Auvermann, B. W., et al. 2015. Evolution of a research community in sustainable production of animal protein, presented at the Innovations in Collaborative Modeling conference, East Lansing, MI, June 4. Brittenham, B., A.M. Schmidt, D. Miller, R. McGhee. 2015. Lime application to manure as a management strategy for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). ASABE Annual International Meeting, New Orleans, LA, July 26-29, 2015. Casey, K.D., H.M. Waldrip, R.W. Todd. N.A. Cole. 2014. Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Beef Cattle Feedlot Pen Surfaces in Texas. In: Proc of ASA, CSSA, & SSSA International Annual Meeting, Nov 2-5. 2014, Long Beach, CA. [Abstract & Presentation] Casey, K.D., H.M. Waldrip, R.W. Todd. N.A. Cole. 2015. Greenhouse gas emissions from beef cattle feedlot pen surfaces in Texas. In: Proc of the ASABE International Annual Meeting, Jul 27-29. 2015, New Orleans, LA. [Abstract & Presentation] Casey, K.D., H.M. Waldrip, R.W. Todd. N.A. Cole. 2015. Measuring Nitrous Oxide and Methane from Feedlot Pen Surfaces: Experience with NFT-NSS Chamber Technique. In: Proc of Waste 2 Worth 2015, Mar 30 – Apr 3. 2015, Seattle, WA. [Abstract & Presentation] Casey, K.D., H.M. Waldrip, R.W. Todd. N.A. Cole. 2015. Nitrous oxide and methane emissions from beef cattle feedyard pen surfaces in the High Plains of Texas. In: Proc of World Congress on Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forestry Systems, Jul 13-17. 2015, Brasilia, Brazil. [Abstract & Poster] Chen, L., K. K. Gopi, H. Neibling. 2015. On-farm evaluation of biofilters in terms of mitigation of odor, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide. Proceedings of the Idaho Association of County Agricultural Agents Conference. Hailey, Idaho, June 10-12, 2015. P.15-17. Drennan, C.L., R. DeOtte, T. Lawrence, 2015. Documentation of fifty percent water conservation in a single process at a beef abattoir, student poster, Reciprocal Meats Conference, Lincoln, NE. June 13 -17, 2015. Jacobson, L.D. Environmental Control & Energy Use of U.S. Pig Production Buildings. Invited presentation at Animal Science Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science Gungouco, China on Nov. 19, 2014. Jacobson, L.D. Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption & Efficiency. Presented at the 2014 Swine Education In-Service in Seattle, WA – Oct 1, 2014. Liu, Y., Z. Liu, P. Murphy, R. Maghirang, J. DeRouchey. Vegetative Environmental Buffers (VEBs) for Mitigating Multiple Air Pollutants Emissions from a Research Swine Barn. ASABE paper No. 2190126. New Orleans, Louisiana, 2015. Oral presentation. Liu, Z., P. Murphy, R. Maghirang, J. DeRouchey. Mitigation of Air Emissions from Swine Buildings through the Photocatalytic Technology Using UV/TiO2. ASABE paper No. 2189332. New Orleans, Louisiana, 2015. Oral presentation. Liu, Z., Y. Liu, and X. Shi. Improving estimation of enteric methane emissions from dairy and beef cattle: A meta-analysis. Presented in the "From Waste to Worth" national conference, Seattle, Washington March 30 – April 4. Oral presentation Robinson, P.H., N. Swanepoel, J. Heguy, D. Meyer. 2015. ‘Shrink’ in Corn Silage Piles. What are the Real Losses? Presented at Western Dairy Management Conference, Sparks, Nevada, March 3 through March 5. Available at: http://www.wdmc.org/2015/Robinson.pdf. Schmidt, A.M. 2015. Mortality and manure management in a farm biosecurity plan for PEDV. Waste to Worth Conference, Seattle, WA, March 30 – April 3, 2015. Schmidt, A.M., D. Miller, J.D. Loy, S. Vitosh. 2015. PEDv survivability in manure-amended soils. ASABE Annual International Meeting, New Orleans, LA, July 26-29, 2015. Schmidt, A.M., J.D. Loy, C. Kelling, J. Galeota. 2015. Evaluation of mortality composting parameters necessary for inactivation of PEDv. ASABE Annual International Meeting, New Orleans, LA, July 26-29, 2015. Schuster, N.R., A.M. Schmidt, and J. Peterson. Soil arthropod populations as an indicator of soil health following swine manure application. 2015. ASABE Annual International Meeting, New Orleans, LA, July 26-29, 2015. Schuster, N.R., A.M. Schmidt, J. Peterson. 2015. Swine manure application method impact on soil arthropods. Waste to Worth Conference, Seattle, WA, March 30 – April 3, 2015. Shen, J., J. Zhu. 2015. Determination of kinetic parameters in methane production of anaerobic co-digestion from methane volume and COD Balance. ASABE Annual International Meeting paper#: 152187873, New Orleans, LA. July 26-29, 2015. Shen, J., J. Zhu. 2015. Optimization of methane production in anaerobic co-digestion at different solid concentrations and ratios of poultry litter to wheat straw using a developed statistical model. ASABE Annual International Meeting paper#: 152187836, New Orleans, LA. July 26-29, 2015. Todd, R.W., N.A. Cole, R. Hagevoort, K.D. Casey. 2014. Ammonia Losses from an Open Lot Southern High Plains Dairy during Summer. In: Proc of ASA, CSSA, & SSSA International Annual Meeting, Nov 2-5. 2014, Long Beach, CA. [Abstract & Poster]. Waldrip, H.M., K.D. Casey, R.W. Todd. N.A. Cole. 2014. Predicting Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Beef Cattle Feedyard Manure. In: Proc of ASA, CSSA, & SSSA International Annual Meeting, Nov 2-5. 2014, Long Beach, CA. [Abstract & Poster] Thesis/Dissertations Chiavegato, M. B. The influence of cow-calf grazing systems on carbon flux. 2014. Ph.D. dissertation. Michigan State University Somchai Rice. Investigating the aroma of marijuana, cocaine, and heroin for forensic applications using simultaneous multidimensional gas chromatography- mass spectrometry – olfactometry. M.S. thesis defended in June 2015. Available from ISU on-line library. Extension and Outreach Koziel, J.A., D. Maurer, K. Bruning, K. Kruger. D. Parker. Soybean peroxidase for swine manure treatment and mitigation of odorous volatile organic compounds, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and greenhouse gas emissions. Environmental Protection Commission, Department of Natural Resources, State of Iowa, February, 2015 (invited presentation). Maurer, D., Koziel, J.A., J. Harmon, S. Hoff, A. Rieck-Hinz. Air Management Practices Assessment Tool (AMPAT) Literature Database. Environmental Protection Commission, Department of Natural Resources, State of Iowa, February, 2015 (invited presentation). Chen, L., H. Neibling. 2015. Reducing ammonia emissions through dairy manure land injection. Nutrient Digest Newsletter. Vol. 7(1). Spring, 2015. Chen, L. 2015. Does manure land injection reduce ammonia emissions? Idaho Crops Soils News. Issue 2. March, 2015. Chen, L., H. Neibling. 2014. An educational video titled “Agriculture Biofilter Basics” Powers, W., B. Auvermann, N. A. Cole, C. Gooch, R. Grant, J. Hatfield, P. Hunt, K. Johnson, A. Leytem, W. Liao, J. M. Powell. 2014. Chapter 5: Quantifying greenhouse gas sources and sinks in animal production systems. In: Quantifying greenhouse gas fluxes in agriculture and forestry: methods for entity-scale inventory. Technical Bulletin 1939. Office of the Chief Economist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 606 pages. M. Eve, D. Pape, M. Flugge, R. Steele, D. Man, M. Riley-Gilbert, and S. Biggar (Eds). Michigan Waste Biomass Inventory to Support Renewable Energy Development (http://mibiomass.rsgis.msu.edu/). Anaerobic Digestion Development Iterative Tool (http://www.egr.msu.edu/~steves/Renewable%20Energy.html). Combustion Renewable Energy Iterative Development Tool (http://www.egr.msu.edu/~steves/Renewable%20Energy.html). Wallace, J. and Safferman, S. (2015). “Discharge Quality Water from Dairy Manure: a Summary of the McLanahan Nutrient Separation System.” Waste 2 Worth 2015 Advancing Sustainability in Animal Agriculture, Seattle, Washington, MI. Smith, J., Safferman, S., and Thomas, M. 2014). Building on Solid Ground: Providing Renewable Energy Project Support. 2014 National Extension Energy and Environment (E3) Conf., Ames, IA. Workshop: National Workshop on Carcass Management Logistics, 18 – 19 March 2015, Kansas City, MO. Funded by USDA APHIS VS and DHS Science and Technology and hosted by West Texas A&M University and North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Liu, Z. 2014. Gas emissions from beef and dairy operations. Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. MF3185. Liu, Z. 2014. Anaerobic digestion of livestock manure: feasibility and factors to consider. Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. MF3184. Liu, Z. 2014. Carbon footprint of livestock production. Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. MF3180.

Publications Attachment:

Attachment

Impact Statements

? Decision support tools developed to evaluate conversion of wastes to resources have been adopted by a major utility to encourage energy production at 4 farms.
? Research contributed to the broader impact of implementing management practices to lower the environmental and carbon footprint of both pig and dairy production.
? Improved utilization of manure as a soil amendment to positively impact soil health; understanding of manure application setbacks on water quality; understanding of manure application methods on nutrient and bacterial transport from fields; and understanding of the spatial distribution of antimicrobial resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes in soil receiving long-term manure application.
? Annual savings of $260,000 on expense of water in beef cattle processing resulting in a reduction on the demand for water from the municipal supplies.
? Work on stopping livestock disease progression and the logistics involved has helped change USDA policy in response to infectious animal disease response.
? Data have been contributed to the development of better models of N2O and CH4 emissions from manure management systems at beef cattle feed yards. This will provide better estimates of annual emissions and more accurate inventory values.

Date of Annual Report: 09/15/0206

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 06/02/2015 - 06/03/2015
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2015 - 09/30/2016

Participants

Brent Auvermann Texas A&M AgriLife Research b-auvermann@tamu.edu
Kenneth D. Casey Texas A&M AgriLife Research kdcasey@ag.tamu.edu
John J. Classen N.C. State Univ. john_classen@ncsu.edu
Shannon Banner N.C. State Univ. sbcreaso@ncsu.edu
Zac Lentz N.C. State Univ. zalentz@ncsu.edu
Ed Kick N.C. State Univ. elkick@ncsu.edu
Francesco Tiezzi N.C. State Univ. f_tiezzi@ncsu.edu
Deanne Meyer UC Davis dmeyer@ucdavis.edu
Jactone A. Ogejo Virginia Tech arogo@vt.edu
Wendy Powers Michigan State Univ. wpowers@msu.edu
Richard Koelsch Univ. of Nebraska -Lincoln rkoelsch1@unl.edu
Albert Heber Purdue University heber@purdue.edu
Luis F. Rodriguez University of Illinois lfr@illinois.edu
Tong Liu University of Illinois tongliu3@illinois.edu

Brief Summary of Minutes

Agenda:

Review of 2016 annual meeting

Election of secretary

Webinars

2017 annual meeting location

Review of 2016 annual meeting

A total of 14 people attended the meeting. Participants agreed that the meeting location and available facilities were good and worked well for the planned activities.

Election of secretary

Zifei Liu of Kansas State had expressed interest to serve as secretary before the annual meeting. Although he was not in attendance, he was contacted to confirm his interest and willingness to undertake the committee’s secretarial duties. He agreed and was unanimously elected.

Officials for 2016/2017: Chair – Jactone A. Ogejo; Vice chair – Erin Cortus; Secretary – Zifei Liu; Past chair – Luis Rodriguez.

Webinars

Members agreed to have regular monthly webinars starting in August 2016. A survey will be sent out to all S1032 members to set up a convenient time for the first meeting. Survey should be completed by June 20, 2016 (Action: Wendy to generate survey via surveymonkey; Jactone to send out survey).

Topics suggested
- August: discuss webinar logistics (what and how do membership want to conduct webinars, suggest additional topics); Website needs – function and maintenance
- September: New grants for group to consider – John Classen to lead
- October: CLD revision – focus on two examples to highlight latent variables concept and clarify units of measurement. Brent will lead webinar and will provide rubrics for refining the CLD.
- November: Initiate conversation of new S1032 project rewrite/renewal (Wendy to lead meeting)
- December 2016 – April 2017: open for members to suggest topics

2017 annual meeting location and planning

Meeting location and date: Nebraska, Lincoln or Omaha during the weeks of May 15 or May 22. The survey sent to membership will determine dates and location.

Planning committee: to be decided from pol

Meeting was adjourned at 9:00 am

Accomplishments

The accomplishments (collective and state based) for this reporting period are listed by the projects’ three objectives below. The participating states and respective principal investigators (PIs) are listed in Table 1. Objective 1: Engage collaborators from needed broad range of disciplines, institutions, and stakeholder groups to catalyze conceptual and quantitative synthesis, collaboration, and data sharing. Planned activities to accomplish this objective include: provide more learning and idea generation opportunities by increasing regular interactions among project participants using webinars and annual meeting format that allows structured analysis and discussions to achieve the goals of the group. Between June 2015 and May 2016, project participants completed the activities listed below towards this objective. <ul> <li>The webinar series provided opportunities for learning, idea generation and collaborator identification. A total of seven webinars were presented with 10 to 16 participants per webinar. <ul> <li>“Working with Social Scientists to Understand an Interdependent World (of nations and scientists)”; August 28, 2015; presented by Jovana Vokovic and Ed Kick. The webinar introduced the different branches of the social sciences, particularly sociology and psychology, and how these sciences are used to understand natural and physical scientific processes. There were fifteen participants in total.</li> <li>“Pathways and Impact: Outreach and Extension for Manure Nutrient Management”; September 25, 2015; presented by Erin Cortus, Nichole Embertson and Jeffrey Jacquet. The webinar presented the results of a national survey on information gathering and sharing preferences, and discussion followed on potential links between this project and S1032. There were fifteen participants in total.</li> <li>“Transdisciplinary and Multi-scale Agricultural Projections of Climate Change Impacts”; October 23, 2015; presented by members of the Ag-MIP team, Cynthia Rosenzweig and Jerry Hatfield. The webinar provided an overview of a complementary project that uses an ensemble of models and datasets to identify the impacts of large-scale changes on cropping systems. There were ten participants.</li> <li>“National Agricultural Research Data Network for Harmonized Data (NARDN-HD)”; December 4, 2015; presented by Jim Jones. The webinar expanded on the Ag-MIP project, demonstrating how the project’s partnerships are harmonizing the data for model usability and applicability.</li> <li>“S1032 Planning Meeting”; January 28, 2016; the webinar was used as group work time to generate ideas for upcoming grant proposals, particularly the NSF Food Energy Water Nexus program. There were six participants.</li> <li>“Some Advances on Climate-Agriculture Modeling, Decision Tools & Applications”; March 24, 2016; presented by Amor Ines. The webinar presented Dr. Ines’s work on linking climate forecasts with crop models, and discussed the future of agricultural information services.</li> <li>“Introduction of R and Stella”; April 28, 2016; presented by Francesco Tiezzi, Brent Auvermann and John Classen. The webinar helped participants prepare for the May meeting by installing and learning the basics of programs R and Stella, and reviewed the logistics for the meeting. There were sixteen participants.</li> </ul> </li> <li>On behalf of S1032, Meyer submitted abstracts for continued liaison with webinar presenter Dr. Jones (FL) regarding data harmonization, and also reviewed the data dictionary proposed for dairy.</li> <li>Committee members led and engaged in two grant proposals that leveraged S1032 committee work and collaboration. <ul> <li>“INFEWS/T4: The INFEWS-ER: a Virtual Resource Center Enabling Graduate Innovations at the Nexus of Food, Energy, and Water Systems”; Submitted to the NSF INFEWS Track 4 Program. Included S1032 members Luis Rodriguez (PI), co-PIs Richard Koelsch, Deanne Meyer, Jacek Koziel, Senior Personnel John Classen, Robert DeOtte, Edward Kick, Jactone Ogejo, Wendy Powers, and Collaborator Erin Cortus, in addition to others in the various roles. Status: Under Review</li> <li>"A scientific framework for sustainable water and nitrogen management: The NitroShed Analytical System"; Submitted to the USDA AFRI Water for Agriculture Challenge Program. Included S1032 members Luis Rodriguez (PI), co-PIs Jactone Ogejo, John Classen, Erin Cortus and Brent Auvermann. Status: Under Review</li> </ul> </li> <li>The 2016 Annual Meeting was held in Raleigh, North Carolina, May 24-25, 2016. The meeting was hosted by John Classen, Ed Kick, Francesco Tiezzi, Shannon Banner and Maria Balcazar. The meeting was structured as a workshop utilizing the technology and computers available in the DT Hill Library. The program consisted of an SEM modeling tutorial, breakouts to apply SEM modeling to the CLD model, a Stella modeling tutorial and sustained proposal planning effort discussion. There were 14 in-person attendees and two on-line (via Skype) attendees. As part of the business meeting, members agreed to continue monthly webinars during the academic year, and to host the 2017 meeting in Nebraska.  </li> <li>Several participants attended conferences held by other professional societies or institutions to grow/seek new disciplines to contribute to our network of collaborators. This resulted in identification of potential new project participants and collaborators (including sociologists, community leaders, systems analysts, and dynamic modelers) for future grant opportunities. These disciplines would build on the skills of current membership. <ul> <li>National Council for Science and the Environment Meeting</li> <li>Ecological Society of America</li> <li>Systems Dynamics Society</li> </ul> </li> <li>Koziel conducted an international Fulbright Scholarship collaboration: “Enhancing STEM Collaborations with Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences”, and in the process engaged collaborators, junior scientists and doctoral students from several major agriculture-focused universities in Poland.</li> </ul>   <table> <tbody> <tr> <td width="84"> State </td> <td width="99"> Name </td> <td width="124"> CLD – Node/Loop </td> <td width="316"> Data/Resources </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="83"> Arkansas </td> <td width="110"> Jun Zhu </td> <td width="122"> B14, B19, B15 </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="83"> California </td> <td width="110"> Deanne Meyer </td> <td width="122"> R10, B11, B12, B13, B14, B15, B19, R18 </td> <td width="307"> Lagoons, feed, solid separation, biodigesters </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="102"> Ruihong Zhang </td> <td width="168">   </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Idaho </td> <td width="102"> Lide Chen </td> <td width="168"> B13, B15, B19 </td> <td width="498"> Biodigesters, air quality </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="96"> Illinois </td> <td width="102"> Luis F. Rodriguez </td> <td width="168">   </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="102"> Xinlei Wang </td> <td width="168">   </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="96"> Indiana </td> <td width="102"> T. Applegate </td> <td width="168">   </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="102"> Albert Heber </td> <td width="168">   </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Iowa </td> <td width="102"> Jacek A. Koziel </td> <td width="168"> B14, B15, R10, B11, B12 </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Kansas </td> <td width="102"> Zifei Liu </td> <td width="168"> B15, GHG </td> <td width="498"> Vegetative buffers and UV to reduce air pollutants from livestock facilities; Meta-analysis of NH4 and CH4 emissions from cattle operations; Estimating contributions of agricultural sources to air quality (PM2.5 and O3) through receptor modeling </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Kentucky </td> <td width="102"> Joseph Taraba </td> <td width="168">   </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" width="96"> Michigan </td> <td width="102"> Amor Ines </td> <td width="168">   </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="110"> Steven Safferman </td> <td width="122"> B13, B14, B15, B18, B19 </td> <td width="307"> Biodigesters, biomass feedstock </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="110"> Wendy Powers </td> <td width="122"> B14, B15, B21, B26, R10, R25 </td> <td width="307"> Feed, production, excretion, pasture + soil GHG </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="83"> Minnesota </td> <td width="110"> Kevin Janni </td> <td width="122"> R18, R19, B15 </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="110"> Larry Jacobson </td> <td width="122"> R18, B19, B15, GHG </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="83"> Mississippi </td> <td width="110"> John C. Schneider </td> <td width="122">   </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="83"> Missouri </td> <td width="110"> Teng Lim </td> <td width="122"> B17, B19, R10, R18 </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="83"> Nebraska </td> <td width="110"> Amy M. Schmidt </td> <td width="122"> R10, B14, B16 </td> <td width="307"> Soil health; fate of nutrients, AMR bacteria, steroid hormones </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="110"> Rick Koelsch </td> <td width="122">   </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="83"> North Carolina </td> <td width="110"> Edward L. Kick </td> <td width="122"> R28, B21, B19 </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="110"> John J. Classen </td> <td width="122"> R28, B12, B13, B15, B26, B29, B30 </td> <td width="307"> Ammonia recovery, characteristics of scraped manure </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="83"> North Dakota </td> <td width="110"> Shafiqur Rahman </td> <td width="122">   </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="83"> Ohio </td> <td width="110"> Lingying Zhao </td> <td width="122">   </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="83"> South Dakota </td> <td width="110"> Erin L. Cortus </td> <td width="122"> R10, B11, B15, GHG </td> <td width="307"> NAEMS data, Confined beef cattle facility emission data, bedded manure packs; information transfer mechanisms </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6" width="83"> Texas   </td> <td width="110"> Brent Auvermann </td> <td width="122"> All; B26, R10, B14, B15, B17, R18, B19 </td> <td width="307"> Land application of manure; dust, visibility, and bioaerosols; human health; antimicrobial resistance; Stella/Vensim models; beef LCA; biofuel feedstock characterization; compost characterization </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="99"> Kenneth D. Casey </td> <td width="124"> B14, B15, B17, GHG </td> <td width="316"> Emission data for NH3 and H2S from beef cattle feedlots, and  H2S from open-lot dairy corrals. NAEMS data for OK4B Site. Emission data for N2O, CH4 and CO2 from the manure pack at beef cattle feedlots and open-lot dairy corrals. Water use data for feedyards and dairies. </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="99"> Robert E. DeOtte </td> <td width="124"> B14, Food Security </td> <td width="316"> Data on water conservation in meat packing plants, results of workshops on secure beef cattle production, biosecurity plans and continuity of operations plans for beef cattle production. </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="99"> Marty Rhoades </td> <td width="124">   </td> <td width="316">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="99"> Jovana Vukovic </td> <td width="124">   </td> <td width="316">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="99"> Brigette Guerrero </td> <td width="124">   </td> <td width="316">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="84"> Virginia </td> <td width="99"> Jactone A. Ogejo </td> <td width="124"> B13, B14, B15, B19 </td> <td width="316"> Lagoon, biodigesters </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>   Objective 2. Facilitate organization, synthesis, and integration of component-based research findings and supporting data. The underlying premise of this objective is that project participants collaborate or work together in teams to build a component(s) of the relational aspects of animal protein production presented in the CLD. Participants will make/share data available to support the CLD work via a publicly accessible database.    Planned activities to meet this objective include: (1) identifying the types of data participants have or being generated in their current work and (2) designing and hosting a publicly accessible database for sharing project data by participants to facilitate development/integration of system components outlined in the CLD (figure 1) Note the figure is available from Ron Lacewell (r-lacewell@tamu.edu). The accomplishments towards achieving this objective include: <ul> <li>Project participants continue to identify and update the nodes relevant to their work and also indicated sets of data they have available to share, as listed in table 1.</li> <li>Some examples of specific data available and/or current research activities by project participants to generate data for potential use in completing the CLD are listed below. <ul> <li>Arkansas: Work continues in using poultry litter as substrate to produce renewable energy via anaerobic digestion (B19). Recent work has focused on developing methods to reduce the contaminants in the effluent water from the digester so that it can be recycled back to the digester to dilute incoming litter, as well as adding a carbon source to the litter to increase the carbon to nitrogen ratio. Some results have been published as journal articles.</li> <li>California: Meyer has been a liaison with Dr. Jones (FL) regarding data harmonization for the NARDN-HD project, and reviewed the data dictionary proposed for dairy.</li> <li>Iowa: A review of 250+ journal papers focused on mitigation technologies for odor, gas and particulate matter emissions from livestock production was completed and published in an Open Access article (Maurer et al, 2016). The study showed that only approximately only ~25% of research on mitigation technologies for odor, gases and particulate emissions from livestock farming was tested in field/farm conditions and the majority of research was completed for swine. The published study and associated data base (in form of spreadsheets) is an integral part of Extension website “Air Management Practices Assessment Tool (AMPAT) at Iowa State University serving public, farmers, livestock industry, regulatory agencies and other stakeholders.  Additional research is focusing on finding biomarkers of major livestock diseases in conjunction with the National Animal Disease Center in Ames, IA and USDA- APHIS-WS-National Wildlife Research Center in Fort Collins, CO. Microbial, feces, and breath biomarkers were identified warranting further development of approaches for non-invasive, fast detection of animal diseases.  </li> <li>Idaho: Research is focused on mitigating gas emissions from manures by using polymers and anaerobic digestion of manures for biogas generation. They also conducted nutrient uptake research for which duckweed strains were cultivated on anaerobically digested dairy manure. Use of zeolites to retain nitrogen during composting treatment of dairy manure was evaluated and demonstrated. Through our efforts, new knowledge in the area of manure treatment has been generated, shared with peers, and disseminated to our stakeholders.</li> <li>Kansas: Liu completed investigation of vegetative environmental buffers and ultraviolet light technology to reduce air pollutants from livestock facilities, and data will be published soon. We also estimated contributions of regional agricultural sources to air quality (PM2.5 and O3) through receptor modeling, and has published one journal paper on this topic. Systematic review and meta-analysis of NH3 and CH4 emissions from cattle operations were conducted, and two manuscripts were under review and will be published soon</li> <li>Michigan: Powers and Safferman, with Texas member Auvermann have cooperatively advised a graduate student through the development of a nutritional model, and are working on expansion of the model to be better able to integrate additional loops and nodes in the future. Safferman maintains online, publically available decision support tools to convert animal waste into a resource. Specifically the Michigan Waste Biomass Inventory to Support Renewable Energy (Inventory) maps organic wastes (including livestock manure) in Michigan and conducts preliminary energy modeling. Included in the Inventory is manure from animal agriculture facilities. The Anaerobic Digestion Development Iterative Tool and the Combustion Renewable Energy Development Iterative Tool to model the economic, renewable energy production, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction from using organic residuals from farms. Safferman continues to investigate manure constituent separation using pretreatment and membrane systems. Pretreatment can be anaerobic digestion or coagulation/flocculation followed by filtration. Separated are clean water, solids, and nutrients. Examining the economics of the technology and barriers to implementation. New research by Safferman emphasizes phosphorus movement in soil, including that originating from manure. Members took a leadership role in the Michigan Water Federation Sustainable Energy Committee to share applicable technologies and community energy generation. As a result, new project participants and collaborators for grant opportunities have been identified, each of whom build on the skills of current membership.</li> <li>Minnesota: A multidisciplinary research team is measuring energy use on dairy farms and swine production farms. The team is also installing photovoltaic solar systems and monitoring their energy production. The overall goal of the research team is to reduce energy use for swine and dairy production by identifying major energy uses and to increase use of renewable energy for swine and dairy production. Data collection and analysis is ongoing. A new project is to install another photovoltaic system and use the energy for cooling in the warm weather and heating in cool weather.</li> <li>Missouri: Solid/liquid separation technologies and practicality, additional water/nutrient extraction, co-digestion potential to improve profits, and anaerobic digestion for mitigation of veterinary antibiotics are current research topics, whose data will support S1032 loops and nodes.</li> <li>North Carolina: Kick has made progress in causal modeling of food insecurity for the world at large by connecting a huge number of variables down to a tractable set of around 40. Data from the World Bank, FAO, UNESCO etc were collected, coded, and underanalysis performed. Results from assessment of a range of analytial models will be integrated. Data, results and manuscripts will be placed in files and made available to scientific community and interested others. Classen, in conjunction with a graduate student, has made progress in integrating multiple analytical methods regarding technology performance and adoption, including Economic Input Output analysis, Life Cycle Assessment, and Techno-Economic Analysis. The outline of a method to synthesize these results has been created. A two stage reactor was built to (1) strip carbon dioxide from wastewater and (2) transfer gaseous ammonia from the wastewater across a hydrophobic gas-permeable membrane to a dilute acid stripping solution. A five-day test revealed significant ammonia recovery in the stripping solution. A model of the recovery system will be constructed and used to estimate the regional potential for ammonia recovery.</li> <li>North Dakota: Nanoparticles were being applied at different application rates and encapsulation to investigate their effectiveness to mitigate hydrogen sulfide and GHG. The microbial analysis of manure was carried out using bacterial plate counts and RT-PCR methods. Morphology and chemical composition of alginate-nZnO beads were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Alginate-nZnO beads or bare nZnO proved to be an effective NP in reducing H2S (up to 99%), CH4 (49-72%); and CO2 (46-62%) from manure stored under anaerobic conditions and these reductions are likely due to the microbial inhibitory effect from nZnO, as well as chemical conversion.</li> <li>South Dakota: In conjunction with S1032 colleagues in Nebraska and Missouri, in addition to others, the Pathways Project was completed wherein the modes of information transfer among manure nutrient management professionals were surveyed. In addition to identifying the main means that different populations around an issue gain and share information, barriers to adoption were also identified. A journal publication is being prepared.</li> <li>Texas: Researchers completed a comparative, wean-to-harvest, life-cycle analysis of five different beef-production systems characteristic of the Texas Panhandle: 100% native grass, grass to feedyard, improved pasture to feedyard, native grass to improved pasture to feedyard, and feedyard only.  Wean-to-harvest emissions of CO2 equivalents per unit beef produced were lowest for the feedyard-only system (4.84 kg CO2e/kg gain) compared to the other systems, with grass-only production emitting the most (26.49 kg CO2e/kg gain).  The work was the basis of a dissertation and PhD conferred by West Texas A&M University. Casey continued measurements of N2O, CH4 and CO2 fluxes from feedyard pen surfaces, and in collaboration with USDA-ARS engineers and scientists is cooperating in the study of N2O emission under controlled conditions using a Los Gatos N2O/CO continuous analyzer and 6, 1 m2</li> <li>Virginia: This past year, experiments with lab scale thermophilic anaerobic digesters to evaluate influence of commonly used antibiotics in dairies on biogas production were conducted. A Master’s thesis and journal publications are being prepared.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> Objective 3. Discover (reveal), substantiate, and interpret the broader impacts of component-level modifications to animal production systems. In California, the amount of silage shrink between when material is deposited from the field for ensiling and when it is fed-out has been quantified. This has been transferred through eLearning decision support systems to aid dairy operators and consultants to understand importance of collecting representative samples and quantification of material applied to land and removed as crops. Causal modelling in North Carolina by Kick is underway. The dataset includes 40 variables from over 200 countries. Through Structure Equation Modeling, multiplication of paths permits assessment of direct and indirect relationships among all variables, which include national geography, world power of nations, forms of national capital, agricultural production, food (in)security, obesity and environment outcomes. The model will predict how changes in any variable will change all others. Food security, obesity and environment are key dependent variables. Results suggest substantial “slippage” in the production of food production and distribution to food insecure populations. Food waste, food thievery, failure of state to deliver food to populations at risk are serious prolems. Also, food provided may generate problems with obesity among recipients. An overhaul of food production and distribution system is recommended.   In Michigan, data from a swine feeding study that measured dietary impact on air emissions and nutrient excretion continues to be modeled to reveal the longer term impact on soil nutrient accumulation and potential water quality. This work is in the early stages but will add in the feedback loops to the portion of the CLD under development (Objective 2).   In Missouri, researchers analyzed potentials and practicality to co-digest low amount of waste-grease for the producer. The solid/liquid separation can improve options for livestock production to reduce manure storage and make more flexible nutrient management (land application and nutrient export), and potential water recycling.  The antibiotic degradation research can improve how manure nutrient applied in the field and reduce risks of antibiotic pollutions.     In Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska, researchers have begun a five-year Coordinated Agricultural Project (CAP) under USDA-NIFA’s Water for Agriculture program, focusing on conservation of the non-recharged portion of the Ogallala Aquifer and the crop and livestock production that depends on it.  Social and economic modeling of a variety of producer scenarios will inform the development and evaluation of policies to encourage adoption of ground water conservation strategies.

Publications

<h3>Journal Articles</h3> Cai, L., J.A. Koziel, S. Zhang, A.J. Heber, E.L. Cortus, D.B. Parker, S.J. Hoff, G. Sun, K.Y. Heathcote, L.D. Jacobson, N. Akdeniz, B.P. Hetchler, S.D. Bereznicki, E.A. Caraway, T.T. Lim. 2015. Odor and odorous chemical emissions from animal buildings: Part 3 - chemical emissions. Trans. of ASABE. 58(5), 1333-1347. doi.10.13031/trans.58.11199. Campbell, E. L. and S. I. Safferman. 2015. Design criteria for the treatment of milking facility wastewater in a cold weather vertical flow wetland. Trans of the ASABE, 58(6):1509-1519. Chiavegato, M. B., J. Rowntree, D. Carmichael, and W. Powers. 2015. Enteric methane from lactating beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 93:1365-1375. Chiavegato, M. B., J. Rowntree, D. Carmichael, and W. Powers. 2015. Pasture derived greenhouse gas emissions in cow-calf production systems. J. Anim. Sci. 93:1350-1364. Chiavegato, M. B., N. Palumbo and W. Powers. 2015. Ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from housed Holstein steers fed different levels of dietary crude protein. J. Anim. Sci. 93(1):395-404. Classen, J.J. 2015 Sustainable waste practices. International Innovation 189, 57-59. http://www.internationalinnovation.com/sustainable-waste-practices/ Das, L., P. Kolar, J. A. Osborne, R. R. Sharma-Shivappa, J. J. Classen. 2016. Selective oxidation of lignin into aromatic aldehydes using niobium oxalate. Trans of the ASABE, 59(2): 724-735. doi: 10.13031/trans.59.10908 Gautam, D. P., S. Rahman, A. Fortuna, M. S. Borhan, B. Saini-Eidukat, and A. N. Bezbaruah. 2016. Characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) alginate beads in reducing gaseous emission from swine manure. Environ. Tech., Accepted . Gautam, D. P., S. Rahman, A. N. Bezbaruah, and M. S. Borhan. 2016. Evaluation of calcium alginate entrapped nano zinc oxide to reduce gaseous emissions from liquid dairy manure. Applied Eng. in Agric., 32(1): 89-102 Glanville, T.D., H.K. Ahn, N. Akdeniz, B.P. Crawford, J.A. Koziel. 2016. Performance of a plastic- wrapped composting system for biosecure emergency disposal of disease-related swine mortalities. Waste Management, 48, 483-491. Heguy, J. M., Meyer, D., & Silva-del-Río, N. (2016). A survey of silage management practices on California dairies. Journal of dairy science, 99(2), 1649-1654. Hu, D., Wang-Li, L., Simmons III, O. D., Classen, J. J., & Osborne, J. A. (2016). Size Distributions of Bioaerosols in an Egg Production Facility and Its Vicinity. Environmental Engineering Science, 33(4), 215-223. Hu, D., Wang-Li, L., Simmons III, O. D., Classen, J. J., & Osborne, J. A. (2015). Spatiotemporal Variations of Bioaerosols in the Vicinity of an Animal Feeding Operation Facility in the US. Journal of Environmental Protection,6(6), 614..http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jep.2015.66056. Joo, H., Ndegwa, P. M., Wang, X., Heber, A. J., Ni, J. Q., Cortus, E. L., ... & Chai, L. (2015). Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations and emissions for naturally ventilated freestall dairy barns. Transactions of the ASABE, 58(5), 1321-1331. doi: 10.13031/trans.58.11267 Julien, R. and S. I. Safferman. 2015. Evaluation of food processing wastewater loading characteristics on metal mobilization within the soil. J. Environ. Sci. and Health, Part A, 50(14):1411-1416. Kafle, G. K., L. Chen, B. Glaze, and T. Tindall. 2016. Aerobic treatment of liquid swine manure using polymer: evaluation for ammonia gas emission reductions and nitrogen retention. Engineering in Agriculture, Environment and Food, 7(3), 257-263 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eaef. Kafle, G. K., L. Chen. 2016. Comparison on batch anaerobic digestion of five different livestock manures and prediction of biochemical methane potential (BMP) using different statistical models. Waste Management 48, 492-502 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.10.021 Kenessov, B., J.A. Koziel, N. Baikakina, D. Orazbayeva. 2016. Perspectives and challenges of on-site quantification of organic pollutants in soils using solid-phase microextraction. Trends in Analytical Chemistry, in press. Li, Q.-F, N. Trottier, W. Powers. 2015. Feeding reduced crude protein diets with crystalline amino acids supplementation reduce air gas emissions from housing. J. Anim. Sci. 93:721-730. Liu, Z., J. Harmon and W. Powers. 2016. Estimating ventilation rates of animal houses through CO2 balance. Trans. ASABE. 59(1): 321-328. Liu, Z, Y. Liu, R. Maghirang, D. Delvin, C. Blocksome. 2016. Estimate contribution of prescribed rangeland burning in Kansas to ambient PM2.5 through source apportionment with Unmix receptor model. Trans. ASABE. Accepted, 2016. Liu, Z, Y. Liu, X. Shi. J. DeRouchey. 2016, Causes of variations in ammonia emissions from cattle operations. Trans. ASABE. Under review, 2016. Liu, Z, Y. Liu, X. Shi, R. Maghirang. 2016. Enteric methane conversion factor for dairy and beef cattle: Effect of feed digestibility and intake level. Trans. ASABE. Under review, 2016. Marek, G. W., P. H. Gowda, T. H. Marek, B. W. Auvermann, S. R. Evett, P. Colaizzi, and D. K. Brauer.  2015.  Estimating preseason irrigation losses by characterizing evaporation of effective precipitation under bare soil conditions using large weighing lysimeters.  Agricultural Water Management, 169, 115-128. Maurer, D., J.A. Koziel, J.D. Harmon, S.J. Hoff, A.M. Rieck-Hinz, D.S Andersen. Summary of performance data for technologies to control gaseous, odor, and particulate emissions from livestock operations: Air Management Practices Assessment Tool (AMPAT).  Data in Brief, 7, 1413-1429. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.03.070. Oliver JP, Janni KA, Schilling JS. 2016. Bait and scrape: An approach for assessing biofilm microbial communities on organic media used for gas-phase biofiltration. Ecological Engineering 91:50-57. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.02.010 Parker, D.B., M. Hayes, T. Brown-Brandl, B.L. Woodbury, M.J. Spiehs, J.A. Koziel. Topical application of soybean peroxidase and calcium peroxide for reducing odorous VOC emissions from swine manure slurry.  Applied Eng. in Agric., in press. Powers, W. and M. Capelari. 2016. Quantifying greenhouse gas fluxes in animal production. Invited symposia paper. J. Anim. Sci. (accepted December 30, 2015). Robinson, P. H., Swanepoel, N., Heguy, J. M., Price, P., & Meyer, D. M. (2016). Total ‘shrink’losses, and where they occur, in commercially sized silage piles constructed from immature and mature cereal crops. Sci. of The Total Environ. 559, 45-52.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.103. Robinson, P. H., Swanepoel, N., Heguy, J. M., Price, T., & Meyer, D. M. (2016). ‘Shrink’losses in commercially sized corn silage piles: Quantifying total losses and where they occur. Sci. of The Total Environ., 542, 530-539.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.090 Shen, J. and J. Zhu. 2016. Optimization of methane production in anaerobic co-digestion of poultry litter and wheat straw at different percentages of total solid and volatile solid using a developed response surface model. J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A 51(4): 325-334. DOI:  10.1080/10934529.2015.1109395. Yang, X., W. Zhu, J.A. Koziel, L. Cai, W. Jenks, Y. Laor, H. van Leeuwen, S. J. Hoff. 2015. Improved quantification of livestock associated odorous volatile organic compounds in a standard flow-through system using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. J. Chromatography A, 1414, 31-40. Zhang, S., J.A. Koziel, L. Cai, S.J. Hoff, K. Heathcote, L. Chen, L. Jacobson, N. Akdeniz, B. Hetchler, D.B. Parker, E. Caraway, A.J. Heber, S. Bereznicki. 2015. Odor and odorous chemical emissions from animal buildings: Part 5 - correlations between odor intensities and chemical concentrations (GC-MS/O). Trans. of ASABE, 58(5) 1349-1359. doi.10.13031/2013.32645. Zhu, W., J.A. Koziel, L. Cai, D. Wright, F. Kuhrt. 2015. Testing odorants recovery from a novel metalized fluorinated ethylene propylene gas sampling bag. J. Air & Waste Mgmt. Assoc., 65(12), 1434-1445   <h3>Conference Proceedings</h3> Bokova, A., C. Diaz, J.A. Koziel, M. McGinley, J. Barclay.  2016. Overview of the odour legislation in selected countries of Europe, North America, and Oceania. In Proc. 1st International Odor Conf. Gdansk, Poland. Casey, K. D., G. Galvin, R. W. Todd. D. B. Parker, H. M. Waldrip. 2016. Investigating the potential for using passive diffusion samplers to measure fenceline concentration and emission fluxes of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide at beef cattle feedyards. In: Proc of the ASABE International Annual Meeting, Jul 18-20. 2016, Orlando, FL. Casey, K. D., H. M. Waldrip, R. W. Todd, N. A. Cole. 2015. Optimizing NFT-NSS Chamber Techniques for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Measurements from Feedyard Pen Surfaces. In: Proc of the ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings:, Nov 15-18. 2015, Minneapolis, MN. Chen, L., G. Kafle, B. Glaze, and T. Tindall. 2016. Evaluation of a polymer for reduction of ammonia emission from and nitrogen retention in swine manure. In Proc. Idaho Nutrient Management Conf. pp. 50-57. Jerome, Idaho. Chen, L., G.K. Kafle, H. Neibling, and B. He. 2015. On-farm evaluation of wood bark-based biofilters for reduction of odor, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide.  In Proc. Intl. Symp. Animal Environment and Welfare. pp. 99-106. Chongqing, China. De Haro-Marti, M.E., M. Chahine, H. Neibling, and L. Chen. 2016. Use of zeolites to retain nitrogen during composting treatment of dairy manure. In Proc. of the Idaho Nutrient Management Conf. pp. 32-35.Jerome, Idaho. Jacobson, L., Johnston, L., Hetchler, B., Reese, C., Hilbrands, A. 2016. Research room design using ambient winter cooling to implement pig heat stress studies. Presented at CIGR-AgEng Conference, June 26-29, 2016 Aarhus, Denmark. Johnston, L.J., Jacobson, L.D., Hetchler, B.P., Reese, C.M., Hilbrands, A.M. 2016. Performance response of grow-finish pigs to simulated heat stress under commercial-like conditions. Abstract presented at the 16th International Conference on Production Diseases in Farm Animals (ICPD) on 20 to 23 June 2016 in Wageningen, The Netherlands. Kalus, K, S. Opalinski, D. Maurer, S. Rice, J.A. Koziel, M. Korczyński, Z. Dobrzanski, R. Kołacz, B. Gutarowska. 2016. Odor reducing microbial-mineral additive for poultry manure treatment. In Proc. Livestock Waste 2016 Conf. Galway, Ireland. Koziel, J.A.  Simultaneous chemical and sensory analyses of aromas.  In Proc. 7th Intl Conf. on Quality and Safety in Food Production Chain, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences. Wroclaw, Poland. Koziel, J.A. 2015.  Simultaneous chemical and sensory analyses: application to agriculture.  In: Proc. of the XXXVIII Miedzynarodowe Seminarium Naukowo-Techniczne 'Chemistry for Agriculture. Karpacz, Poland, December. Koziel, J.A., D. Maurer, J. Harmon, S. Hoff, A. Rieck-Hinz., D. Andersen. 2016. Air Management Practices Assessment Tool (AMPAT): On-line resource for odors and air quality associated with U.S. livestock production systems. In Proc. of the 1st International Odour Conf. Gdansk, Poland. Kruger, K., L. Chen, B. He. 2016. Cultivation of duckweed on anaerobically digested dairy manure for nutrient uptake and macroalgal biomass production. In Proc. Idaho Nutrient Management Conf. pp. 16-22. Jerome, Idaho. Li, Q.-F., D. Rozeboom, Y. Liu, W. Liao, W. Powers. 2015. Microalgae cultivation from animal production exhaust air: mitigate air emissions and recovery nutrients. In Proc. ASAE Annual Intl Meeting. Paper number 15218910. Montreal, New Orleans, LA. Lim, T.-T., and J. M. Zulovich. 2015. Case study: a solid-liquid manure separation swine operation for resource conservation. In Proc. Waste to Worth Conf. Seattle, WA. Lim, T.-T., B. C. Harvey, and J. M. Zulovich. 2015. Start-up of a Pilot Scale Anaerobic Digestion System for Deep-Pit Swine Finishing Barn. In ASABE Annual Intl Meeting. Paper No. 152190240. St. Joseph, Mich. Liu, Z., P. Murphy, R. Maghirang, J. DeRouchey. Mitigation of Air Emissions from Swine Buildings through the Photocatalytic Technology Using UV/TiO2. ASABE Paper 2189332. New Orleans, Louisiana, 2015. Liu, Y., Z. Liu, P. Murphy, R. Maghirang, J. DeRouchey. Vegetative Environmental Buffers (VEBs) for Mitigating Multiple Air Pollutants Emissions from a Research Swine Barn. ASABE Paper 2190126. New Orleans, Louisiana, 2015. Liu, Y., Z. Liu, X. Shi. A Meta-analysis of Ammonia Emissions from Cattle Production Facilities. ASABE Paper 152190145. New Orleans, Louisiana, 2015. Liu, Z., Y. Liu. Contribution of Kansas pasture burning to ambient ozone: a combination of receptor modeling, time series and regression analysis. ASABE Paper 162460949. Orlando, Florida, 2016 Liu, Y., Z. Liu. Source apportionment of ambient PM2.5 by using Unmix and PMF reception models at Flint Hills rural site and Kansas City urban site. ASABE Paper 162447784. Orlando, Florida, 2016 Maurer, D., C.K. Ellis, T. Thacker, S. Rice, J.A. Koziel. 2016. Screening of microbial volatile organic compounds for detection of disease in cattle: development of lab-scale method. In Proc. ExTech 2016 18th Intl Symp of Advances in Extraction Technologies & 22nd Intl Symp of Separation Sciences. Torun, Poland. Maurer, D., J.A. Koziel, K. Bruning. 2016. Field scale measurement of greenhouse gas emissions from land applied swine manure. In Proc. Livestock Waste 2016 Conf. Galway, Ireland. Maurer, D., J.A. Koziel, K. Kalus, D.S. Andersen, S. Opalinski. 2016. Pilot-scale testing of biochar for swine manure treatment and mitigation of odorous VOCs, ammonia, hydrogen sulphide and greenhouse gas emissions. In Proc. Livestock Waste 2016 Conf. Galway, Ireland. Nelson, C.R., Janni, K.A. 2016. Modeling dairy cow thermoregulation during warm and hot environmental conditions 1: model development. ASABE Paper 162462138. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE. Nelson, C.R., Janni, K.A., Heins, B.J. 2016. Modeling dairy cow thermoregulation during warm and hot environmental conditions 1: model application. ASABE Paper 162462140. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE. Nogueira, R.G.S., T.-T. Lim, and H. Wang.  2016. Laboratory Evaluation of Co-digesting Beef Manure and Waste Kitchen Oil. In Proc. Annual Intl ASABE Meeting. Paper No. 2461767. St. Joseph, Mich.: ASABE. Orlando, FL. Powers, W., M. Eve and A. Leytem. 2015. What are the best tools developed to predict GHG? In Proc. Dairy environmental systems and climate change conf. and tour. Ithaca, NY. Rajan, R., S. Sharma, K. D. Casey, S. Maas. 2015. Effect of Soil Moisture and Temperature on Soil Carbon Flux from a Conventional Cotton Cropping System. In: Proc of the ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings:, Nov 15-18. 2015, Minneapolis, MN. Shen, J., J. Zhu. 2015. Determination of Kinetic Parameters in Methane Production of Anaerobic Co-Digestion from Methane Volume and COD Balance. In ASABE Annual Intl. Meeting. Paper: 152187873, New Orleans, LA. Shen, J., J. Zhu. 2015. Optimization of Methane Production in Anaerobic Co-Digestion at different Solid Concentrations and ratios of Poultry Litter to Wheat Straw using a Developed Statistical Model. In ASABE Annual Intl. Meeting. Paper: 152187836, New Orleans, LA. Waldrip, H. M., K. D. Casey, R. W. Todd, N. A. Cole. 2015. Predicting Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Beef Cattle Feedyard Manure. In: Proc of the ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings:, Nov 15-18. 2015, Minneapolis, MN. Waldrip, H. M., K. D. Casey, R. W. Todd, N. A. Cole. 2015. Factors Affecting Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Beef Cattle Feedyard Manure: A Laboratory Study. In: Proc of the ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings:, Nov 15-18. 2015, Minneapolis, MN.   <h3>Thesis/Dissertations</h3> Gross, M. Dec 2015.  Development of a biofilm based algal cultivation system for treatment of municipal and agricultural wastes. Fermentation of syngas. MS thesis. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University, Agricultural Engineering. Heflin, K. R.  2016.  Life-cycle greenhouse-gas emissions of five beef production systems typical of the southern High Plains.  PhD dissertation. Canyon, TX: West Texas A&M University, Systems Agriculture program. Regan, K. August 2015. Evaluation of manure nutrient value. MS thesis. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University, Agricultural Engineering. Schuster, N. R 2015. The Effect of Manure Application Method on Nutrient and Microbial Runoff Transport and Soil Biological Health Indicators. MS thesis. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska, Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering. Smith, J. S. 2015. Development and application of a decisions support tools for biomass co-firing in existing coal fired power plants.  MS thesis. East lancing, Michigan: Michigan State University, Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering. Wang, Q. 2016. Study of odors from paunch and grit materials generated by cattle slaughtering facilities.  M.S. non-thesis option – creative component project.  Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University.   <h3>Extension and Outreach</h3> Koziel, J.A. 2015.  Funding scientific research in USA.  University Presidents Meeting of Polish agricultural universities, Wroclaw-Pawlowice, Poland, November 2015.

Impact Statements

• Manure nutrient separation using alternative pretreatment technologies, as compared to anaerobic digestion, and the applicability, in general, to swine manure is being quantified by several researchers, which adds to the robustness of assessments

Date of Annual Report: 08/10/2016

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 05/24/2016 - 05/25/2016
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2015 - 09/30/2016

Participants

Name Institution
Brent Auvermann Texas A&M AgriLife Research b-auvermann@tamu.edu
Kenneth D. Casey Texas A&M AgriLife Research kdcasey@ag.tamu.edu
John J. Classen N.C. State Univ. john_classen@ncsu.edu
Shannon Banner N.C. State Univ. sbcreaso@ncsu.edu
Zac Lentz N.C. State Univ. zalentz@ncsu.edu
Ed Kick N.C. State Univ. elkick@ncsu.edu
Francesco Tiezzi N.C. State Univ. f_tiezzi@ncsu.edu
Deanne Meyer UC Davis dmeyer@ucdavis.edu
Jactone A. Ogejo Virginia Tech arogo@vt.edu
Wendy Powers Michigan State Univ. wpowers@msu.edu
Richard Koelsch Univ. of Nebraska -Lincoln rkoelsch1@unl.edu
Albert Heber Purdue University heber@purdue.edu
Luis F. Rodriguez University of Illinois lfr@illinois.edu
Tong Liu University of Illinois tongliu3@illinois.edu

Brief Summary of Minutes

2016 S1032 Annual business meeting minutes

Date: May 25, 2016 at 08:15 am

Location: DT Hill Library, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC

Agenda:

Review of 2016 annual meeting

Election of secretary

Webinars

2017 annual meeting location

Review of 2016 annual meeting

A total of 14 people attended the meeting. Participants agreed that the meeting location and available facilities were good and worked well for the planned activities.

Election of secretary

Zifei Liu of Kansas State had expressed interest to serve as secretary before the annual meeting. Although he was not in attendance, he was contacted to confirm his interest and willingness to undertake the committee’s secretarial duties. He agreed and was unanimously elected.

Officials for 2016/2017: Chair – Jactone A. Ogejo; Vice chair – Erin Cortus; Secretary – Zifei Liu; Past chair – Luis Rodriguez.

Webinars

Members agreed to have regular monthly webinars starting in August 2016. A survey will be sent out to all S1032 members to set up a convenient time for the first meeting. Survey should be completed by June 20, 2016 (Action: Wendy to generate survey via surveymonkey; Jactone to send out survey).

Topics suggested
- August: discuss webinar logistics (what and how do membership want to conduct webinars, suggest additional topics); Website needs – function and maintenance
- September: New grants for group to consider – John Classen to lead
- October: CLD revision – focus on two examples to highlight latent variables concept and clarify units of measurement. Brent will lead webinar and will provide rubrics for refining the CLD.
- November: Initiate conversation of new S1032 project rewrite/renewal (Wendy to lead meeting)
- December 2016 – April 2017: open for members to suggest topics

2017 annual meeting location and planning

Meeting location and date: Nebraska, Lincoln or Omaha during the weeks of May 15 or May 22. The survey sent to membership will determine dates and location.

Planning committee: to be decided from poll

Meeting was adjourned at 9:00 am

Accomplishments

The accomplishments (collective and state based) for this reporting period are listed by the projects’ three objectives below. The participating states and respective principal investigators (PIs) are listed in Table 1. Objective 1: Engage collaborators from needed broad range of disciplines, institutions, and stakeholder groups to catalyze conceptual and quantitative synthesis, collaboration, and data sharing. Planned activities to accomplish this objective include: provide more learning and idea generation opportunities by increasing regular interactions among project participants using webinars and annual meeting format that allows structured analysis and discussions to achieve the goals of the group. Between June 2015 and May 2016, project participants completed the activities listed below towards this objective. <ul> <li>The webinar series provided opportunities for learning, idea generation and collaborator identification. A total of seven webinars were presented with 10 to 16 participants per webinar. <ul> <li>“Working with Social Scientists to Understand an Interdependent World (of nations and scientists)”; August 28, 2015; presented by Jovana Vokovic and Ed Kick. The webinar introduced the different branches of the social sciences, particularly sociology and psychology, and how these sciences are used to understand natural and physical scientific processes. There were fifteen participants in total.</li> <li>“Pathways and Impact: Outreach and Extension for Manure Nutrient Management”; September 25, 2015; presented by Erin Cortus, Nichole Embertson and Jeffrey Jacquet. The webinar presented the results of a national survey on information gathering and sharing preferences, and discussion followed on potential links between this project and S1032. There were fifteen participants in total.</li> <li>“Transdisciplinary and Multi-scale Agricultural Projections of Climate Change Impacts”; October 23, 2015; presented by members of the Ag-MIP team, Cynthia Rosenzweig and Jerry Hatfield. The webinar provided an overview of a complementary project that uses an ensemble of models and datasets to identify the impacts of large-scale changes on cropping systems. There were ten participants.</li> <li>“National Agricultural Research Data Network for Harmonized Data (NARDN-HD)”; December 4, 2015; presented by Jim Jones. The webinar expanded on the Ag-MIP project, demonstrating how the project’s partnerships are harmonizing the data for model usability and applicability.</li> <li>“S1032 Planning Meeting”; January 28, 2016; the webinar was used as group work time to generate ideas for upcoming grant proposals, particularly the NSF Food Energy Water Nexus program. There were six participants.</li> <li>“Some Advances on Climate-Agriculture Modeling, Decision Tools & Applications”; March 24, 2016; presented by Amor Ines. The webinar presented Dr. Ines’s work on linking climate forecasts with crop models, and discussed the future of agricultural information services.</li> <li>“Introduction of R and Stella”; April 28, 2016; presented by Francesco Tiezzi, Brent Auvermann and John Classen. The webinar helped participants prepare for the May meeting by installing and learning the basics of programs R and Stella, and reviewed the logistics for the meeting. There were sixteen participants.</li> </ul> </li> <li>On behalf of S1032, Meyer submitted abstracts for continued liaison with webinar presenter Dr. Jones (FL) regarding data harmonization, and also reviewed the data dictionary proposed for dairy.</li> <li>Committee members led and engaged in two grant proposals that leveraged S1032 committee work and collaboration. In doing so, the members of S1032 have engaged with a variety of investigators from many disciplines including sociology, economics, hydrology, environmental engineering, among many others. <ul> <li>“INFEWS/T4: The INFEWS-ER: a Virtual Resource Center Enabling Graduate Innovations at the Nexus of Food, Energy, and Water Systems”; Submitted to the NSF INFEWS Track 4a Program. Included S1032 members Luis Rodriguez (PI), co-PIs Richard Koelsch, Deanne Meyer, Jacek Koziel, Senior Personnel John Classen, Robert DeOtte, Edward Kick, Jactone Ogejo, Wendy Powers, and Collaborator Erin Cortus, in addition to several others from outside of S1032. Status: recommended for funding by the program officer, current in review with the NSF Division of Grants and Agreements.</li> <li>"A scientific framework for sustainable water and nitrogen management: The NitroShed Analytical System"; Submitted to the USDA AFRI Water for Agriculture Challenge Program. Included S1032 members Luis Rodriguez (PI), co-PIs Jactone Ogejo, John Classen, and Erin Cortus, in addition to several others from outside S1032. Status: Under Review</li> </ul> </li> <li>The 2016 Annual Meeting was held in Raleigh, North Carolina, May 24-25, 2016. The meeting was hosted by John Classen, Ed Kick, Francesco Tiezzi, Shannon Banner and Maria Balcazar. The meeting was structured as a workshop utilizing the technology and computers available in the DT Hill Library. The program consisted of an SEM modeling tutorial, breakouts to apply SEM modeling to the CLD model, a Stella modeling tutorial and sustained proposal planning effort discussion. There were 14 in-person attendees and two on-line (via Skype) attendees. As part of the business meeting, members agreed to continue monthly webinars during the academic year, and to host the 2017 meeting in Nebraska.  </li> <li>Several participants attended conferences held by other professional societies or institutions to grow/seek new disciplines to contribute to our network of collaborators. This resulted in identification of potential new project participants and collaborators (including sociologists, community leaders, systems analysts, and dynamic modelers) for future grant opportunities. These disciplines would build on the skills of current membership. <ul> <li>National Council for Science and the Environment Meeting</li> <li>Ecological Society of America</li> <li>Systems Dynamics Society</li> </ul> </li> <li>Koziel conducted an international Fulbright Scholarship collaboration: “Enhancing STEM Collaborations with Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences”, and in the process engaged collaborators, junior scientists and doctoral students from several major agriculture-focused universities in Poland.</li> </ul>   <table> <tbody> <tr> <td width="84"> State </td> <td width="99"> Name </td> <td width="124"> CLD – Node/Loop </td> <td width="316"> Data/Resources </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="83"> Arkansas </td> <td width="110"> Jun Zhu </td> <td width="122"> B14, B19, B15 </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="83"> California </td> <td width="110"> Deanne Meyer </td> <td width="122"> R10, B11, B12, B13, B14, B15, B19, R18 </td> <td width="307"> Lagoons, feed, solid separation, biodigesters </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="102"> Ruihong Zhang </td> <td width="168">   </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Idaho </td> <td width="102"> Lide Chen </td> <td width="168"> B13, B15, B19 </td> <td width="498"> Biodigesters, air quality </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="96"> Illinois </td> <td width="102"> Luis F. Rodriguez </td> <td width="168"> B4, B5, B11, B14, B15 </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="102"> Xinlei Wang </td> <td width="168">   </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="96"> Indiana </td> <td width="102"> T. Applegate </td> <td width="168">   </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="102"> Albert Heber </td> <td width="168">   </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Iowa </td> <td width="102"> Jacek A. Koziel </td> <td width="168"> B14, B15, R10, B11, B12 </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Kansas </td> <td width="102"> Zifei Liu </td> <td width="168"> B15, GHG </td> <td width="498"> Vegetative buffers and UV to reduce air pollutants from livestock facilities; Meta-analysis of NH4 and CH4 emissions from cattle operations; Estimating contributions of agricultural sources to air quality (PM2.5 and O3) through receptor modeling </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Kentucky </td> <td width="102"> Joseph Taraba </td> <td width="168">   </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" width="96"> Michigan </td> <td width="102"> Amor Ines </td> <td width="168">   </td> <td width="498">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="110"> Steven Safferman </td> <td width="122"> B13, B14, B15, B18, B19 </td> <td width="307"> Biodigesters, biomass feedstock </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="110"> Wendy Powers </td> <td width="122"> B14, B15, B21, B26, R10, R25 </td> <td width="307"> Feed, production, excretion, pasture + soil GHG </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="83"> Minnesota </td> <td width="110"> Kevin Janni </td> <td width="122"> R18, R19, B15 </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="110"> Larry Jacobson </td> <td width="122"> R18, B19, B15, GHG </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="83"> Mississippi </td> <td width="110"> John C. Schneider </td> <td width="122">   </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="83"> Missouri </td> <td width="110"> Teng Lim </td> <td width="122"> B17, B19, R10, R18 </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="83"> Nebraska </td> <td width="110"> Amy M. Schmidt </td> <td width="122"> R10, B14, B16 </td> <td width="307"> Soil health; fate of nutrients, AMR bacteria, steroid hormones </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="110"> Rick Koelsch </td> <td width="122">   </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="83"> North Carolina </td> <td width="110"> Edward L. Kick </td> <td width="122"> R28, B21, B19 </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="110"> John J. Classen </td> <td width="122"> R28, B12, B13, B15, B26, B29, B30 </td> <td width="307"> Ammonia recovery, characteristics of scraped manure </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="83"> North Dakota </td> <td width="110"> Shafiqur Rahman </td> <td width="122">   </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="83"> Ohio </td> <td width="110"> Lingying Zhao </td> <td width="122">   </td> <td width="307">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="83"> South Dakota </td> <td width="110"> Erin L. Cortus </td> <td width="122"> R10, B11, B15, GHG </td> <td width="307"> NAEMS data, Confined beef cattle facility emission data, bedded manure packs; information transfer mechanisms </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6" width="83"> Texas   </td> <td width="110"> Brent Auvermann </td> <td width="122"> All; B26, R10, B14, B15, B17, R18, B19 </td> <td width="307"> Land application of manure; dust, visibility, and bioaerosols; human health; antimicrobial resistance; Stella/Vensim models; beef LCA; biofuel feedstock characterization; compost characterization </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="99"> Kenneth D. Casey </td> <td width="124"> B14, B15, B17, GHG </td> <td width="316"> Emission data for NH3 and H2S from beef cattle feedlots, and  H2S from open-lot dairy corrals. NAEMS data for OK4B Site. Emission data for N2O, CH4 and CO2 from the manure pack at beef cattle feedlots and open-lot dairy corrals. Water use data for feedyards and dairies. </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="99"> Robert E. DeOtte </td> <td width="124"> B14, Food Security </td> <td width="316"> Data on water conservation in meat packing plants, results of workshops on secure beef cattle production, biosecurity plans and continuity of operations plans for beef cattle production. </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="99"> Marty Rhoades </td> <td width="124">   </td> <td width="316">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="99"> Jovana Vukovic </td> <td width="124">   </td> <td width="316">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="99"> Brigette Guerrero </td> <td width="124">   </td> <td width="316">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="84"> Virginia </td> <td width="99"> Jactone A. Ogejo </td> <td width="124"> B13, B14, B15, B19 </td> <td width="316"> Lagoon, biodigesters </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>   Objective 2. Facilitate organization, synthesis, and integration of component-based research findings and supporting data. The underlying premise of this objective is that project participants collaborate or work together in teams to build a component(s) of the relational aspects of animal protein production presented in the CLD. Participants will make/share data available to support the CLD work via a publicly accessible database.    Planned activities to meet this objective include: (1) identifying the types of data participants have or being generated in their current work and (2) designing and hosting a publicly accessible database for sharing project data by participants to facilitate development/integration of system components outlined in the CLD (the figure of the CLD is available from Lacewell). The accomplishments towards achieving this objective include: <ul> <li>Project participants continue to identify and update the nodes relevant to their work and also indicated sets of data they have available to share, as listed in table 1.</li> <li>Some examples of specific data available and/or current research activities by project participants to generate data for potential use in completing the CLD are listed below. <ul> <li>Arkansas: Work continues in using poultry litter as substrate to produce renewable energy via anaerobic digestion (B19). Recent work has focused on developing methods to reduce the contaminants in the effluent water from the digester so that it can be recycled back to the digester to dilute incoming litter, as well as adding a carbon source to the litter to increase the carbon to nitrogen ratio. Some results have been published as journal articles.</li> <li>California: Meyer has been a liaison with Dr. Jones (FL) regarding data harmonization for the NARDN-HD project, and reviewed the data dictionary proposed for dairy.</li> <li>Illinois: Rodriguez and others have worked to quantify the interrelationships between beef cattle grazing corn stovers, and the resultant impacts on cattle and crop productivity and economics. Various strip grazing and continuous grazing configurations have been considered for their impacts on system performance.</li> <li>Iowa: A review of 250+ journal papers focused on mitigation technologies for odor, gas and particulate matter emissions from livestock production was completed and published in an Open Access article (Maurer et al, 2016). The study showed that only approximately only ~25% of research on mitigation technologies for odor, gases and particulate emissions from livestock farming was tested in field/farm conditions and the majority of research was completed for swine. The published study and associated data base (in form of spreadsheets) is an integral part of Extension website “Air Management Practices Assessment Tool (AMPAT) at Iowa State University serving public, farmers, livestock industry, regulatory agencies and other stakeholders.  Additional research is focusing on finding biomarkers of major livestock diseases in conjunction with the National Animal Disease Center in Ames, IA and USDA- APHIS-WS-National Wildlife Research Center in Fort Collins, CO. Microbial, feces, and breath biomarkers were identified warranting further development of approaches for non-invasive, fast detection of animal diseases.  </li> <li>Idaho: Research is focused on mitigating gas emissions from manures by using polymers and anaerobic digestion of manures for biogas generation. They also conducted nutrient uptake research for which duckweed strains were cultivated on anaerobically digested dairy manure. Use of zeolites to retain nitrogen during composting treatment of dairy manure was evaluated and demonstrated. Through our efforts, new knowledge in the area of manure treatment has been generated, shared with peers, and disseminated to our stakeholders.</li> <li>Kansas: Liu completed investigation of vegetative environmental buffers and ultraviolet light technology to reduce air pollutants from livestock facilities, and data will be published soon. We also estimated contributions of regional agricultural sources to air quality (PM2.5 and O3) through receptor modeling, and has published one journal paper on this topic. Systematic review and meta-analysis of NH3 and CH4 emissions from cattle operations were conducted, and two manuscripts were under review and will be published soon</li> <li>Michigan: Powers and Safferman, with Texas member Auvermann have cooperatively advised a graduate student through the development of a nutritional model, and are working on expansion of the model to be better able to integrate additional loops and nodes in the future. Safferman maintains online, publically available decision support tools to convert animal waste into a resource. Specifically the Michigan Waste Biomass Inventory to Support Renewable Energy (Inventory) maps organic wastes (including livestock manure) in Michigan and conducts preliminary energy modeling. Included in the Inventory is manure from animal agriculture facilities. The Anaerobic Digestion Development Iterative Tool and the Combustion Renewable Energy Development Iterative Tool to model the economic, renewable energy production, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction from using organic residuals from farms. Safferman continues to investigate manure constituent separation using pretreatment and membrane systems. Pretreatment can be anaerobic digestion or coagulation/flocculation followed by filtration. Separated are clean water, solids, and nutrients. Examining the economics of the technology and barriers to implementation. New research by Safferman emphasizes phosphorus movement in soil, including that originating from manure. Members took a leadership role in the Michigan Water Federation Sustainable Energy Committee to share applicable technologies and community energy generation. As a result, new project participants and collaborators for grant opportunities have been identified, each of whom build on the skills of current membership.</li> <li>Minnesota: A multidisciplinary research team is measuring energy use on dairy farms and swine production farms. The team is also installing photovoltaic solar systems and monitoring their energy production. The overall goal of the research team is to reduce energy use for swine and dairy production by identifying major energy uses and to increase use of renewable energy for swine and dairy production. Data collection and analysis is ongoing. A new project is to install another photovoltaic system and use the energy for cooling in the warm weather and heating in cool weather.</li> <li>Missouri: Solid/liquid separation technologies and practicality, additional water/nutrient extraction, co-digestion potential to improve profits, and anaerobic digestion for mitigation of veterinary antibiotics are current research topics, whose data will support S1032 loops and nodes.</li> <li>North Carolina: Kick has made progress in causal modeling of food insecurity for the world at large by connecting a huge number of variables down to a tractable set of around 40. Data from the World Bank, FAO, UNESCO etc were collected, coded, and underanalysis performed. Results from assessment of a range of analytial models will be integrated. Data, results and manuscripts will be placed in files and made available to scientific community and interested others. Classen, in conjunction with a graduate student, has made progress in integrating multiple analytical methods regarding technology performance and adoption, including Economic Input Output analysis, Life Cycle Assessment, and Techno-Economic Analysis. The outline of a method to synthesize these results has been created. A two stage reactor was built to (1) strip carbon dioxide from wastewater and (2) transfer gaseous ammonia from the wastewater across a hydrophobic gas-permeable membrane to a dilute acid stripping solution. A five-day test revealed significant ammonia recovery in the stripping solution. A model of the recovery system will be constructed and used to estimate the regional potential for ammonia recovery.</li> <li>North Dakota: Nanoparticles were being applied at different application rates and encapsulation to investigate their effectiveness to mitigate hydrogen sulfide and GHG. The microbial analysis of manure was carried out using bacterial plate counts and RT-PCR methods. Morphology and chemical composition of alginate-nZnO beads were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Alginate-nZnO beads or bare nZnO proved to be an effective NP in reducing H2S (up to 99%), CH4 (49-72%); and CO2 (46-62%) from manure stored under anaerobic conditions and these reductions are likely due to the microbial inhibitory effect from nZnO, as well as chemical conversion.</li> <li>South Dakota: In conjunction with S1032 colleagues in Nebraska and Missouri, in addition to others, the Pathways Project was completed wherein the modes of information transfer among manure nutrient management professionals were surveyed. In addition to identifying the main means that different populations around an issue gain and share information, barriers to adoption were also identified. A journal publication is being prepared.</li> <li>Texas: Researchers completed a comparative, wean-to-harvest, life-cycle analysis of five different beef-production systems characteristic of the Texas Panhandle: 100% native grass, grass to feedyard, improved pasture to feedyard, native grass to improved pasture to feedyard, and feedyard only.  Wean-to-harvest emissions of CO2 equivalents per unit beef produced were lowest for the feedyard-only system (4.84 kg CO2e/kg gain) compared to the other systems, with grass-only production emitting the most (26.49 kg CO2e/kg gain).  The work was the basis of a dissertation and PhD conferred by West Texas A&M University. Casey continued measurements of N2O, CH4 and CO2 fluxes from feedyard pen surfaces, and in collaboration with USDA-ARS engineers and scientists is cooperating in the study of N2O emission under controlled conditions using a Los Gatos N2O/CO continuous analyzer and 6, 1 m2</li> <li>Virginia: This past year, experiments with lab scale thermophilic anaerobic digesters to evaluate influence of commonly used antibiotics in dairies on biogas production were conducted. A Master’s thesis and journal publications are being prepared.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> Objective 3. Discover (reveal), substantiate, and interpret the broader impacts of component-level modifications to animal production systems. In California, the amount of silage shrink between when material is deposited from the field for ensiling and when it is fed-out has been quantified. This has been transferred through eLearning decision support systems to aid dairy operators and consultants to understand importance of collecting representative samples and quantification of material applied to land and removed as crops. Causal modelling in North Carolina by Kick is underway. The dataset includes 40 variables from over 200 countries. Through Structure Equation Modeling, multiplication of paths permits assessment of direct and indirect relationships among all variables, which include national geography, world power of nations, forms of national capital, agricultural production, food (in)security, obesity and environment outcomes. The model will predict how changes in any variable will change all others. Food security, obesity and environment are key dependent variables. Results suggest substantial “slippage” in the production of food production and distribution to food insecure populations. Food waste, food thievery, failure of state to deliver food to populations at risk are serious problems. Also, food provided may generate problems with obesity among recipients. An overhaul of food production and distribution system is recommended. In Michigan, data from a swine feeding study that measured dietary impact on air emissions and nutrient excretion continues to be modeled to reveal the longer term impact on soil nutrient accumulation and potential water quality. This work is in the early stages but will add in the feedback loops to the portion of the CLD under development (Objective 2). In Missouri, researchers analyzed potentials and practicality to co-digest low amount of waste-grease for the producer. The solid/liquid separation can improve options for livestock production to reduce manure storage and make more flexible nutrient management (land application and nutrient export), and potential water recycling.  The antibiotic degradation research can improve how manure nutrient applied in the field and reduce risks of antibiotic pollutions.   In Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska, researchers have begun a five-year Coordinated Agricultural Project (CAP) under USDA-NIFA’s Water for Agriculture program, focusing on conservation of the non-recharged portion of the Ogallala Aquifer and the crop and livestock production that depends on it.  Social and economic modeling of a variety of producer scenarios will inform the development and evaluation of policies to encourage adoption of ground water conservation strategies.

Publications

<h3>Journal Articles</h3> Cai, L., J.A. Koziel, S. Zhang, A.J. Heber, E.L. Cortus, D.B. Parker, S.J. Hoff, G. Sun, K.Y. Heathcote, L.D. Jacobson, N. Akdeniz, B.P. Hetchler, S.D. Bereznicki, E.A. Caraway, T.T. Lim. 2015. Odor and odorous chemical emissions from animal buildings: Part 3 - chemical emissions. Trans. of ASABE. 58(5), 1333-1347. doi.10.13031/trans.58.11199. Campbell, E. L. and S. I. Safferman. 2015. Design criteria for the treatment of milking facility wastewater in a cold weather vertical flow wetland. Trans of the ASABE, 58(6):1509-1519. Chiavegato, M. B., J. Rowntree, D. Carmichael, and W. Powers. 2015. Enteric methane from lactating beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 93:1365-1375. Chiavegato, M. B., J. Rowntree, D. Carmichael, and W. Powers. 2015. Pasture derived greenhouse gas emissions in cow-calf production systems. J. Anim. Sci. 93:1350-1364. Chiavegato, M. B., N. Palumbo and W. Powers. 2015. Ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from housed Holstein steers fed different levels of dietary crude protein. J. Anim. Sci. 93(1):395-404. Classen, J.J. 2015 Sustainable waste practices. International Innovation 189, 57-59. http://www.internationalinnovation.com/sustainable-waste-practices/ Das, L., P. Kolar, J. A. Osborne, R. R. Sharma-Shivappa, J. J. Classen. 2016. Selective oxidation of lignin into aromatic aldehydes using niobium oxalate. Trans of the ASABE, 59(2): 724-735. doi: 10.13031/trans.59.10908 Gautam, D. P., S. Rahman, A. Fortuna, M. S. Borhan, B. Saini-Eidukat, and A. N. Bezbaruah. 2016. Characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) alginate beads in reducing gaseous emission from swine manure. Environ. Tech., Accepted . Gautam, D. P., S. Rahman, A. N. Bezbaruah, and M. S. Borhan. 2016. Evaluation of calcium alginate entrapped nano zinc oxide to reduce gaseous emissions from liquid dairy manure. Applied Eng. in Agric., 32(1): 89-102 Glanville, T.D., H.K. Ahn, N. Akdeniz, B.P. Crawford, J.A. Koziel. 2016. Performance of a plastic- wrapped composting system for biosecure emergency disposal of disease-related swine mortalities. Waste Management, 48, 483-491. Heguy, J. M., Meyer, D., & Silva-del-Río, N. (2016). A survey of silage management practices on California dairies. Journal of dairy science, 99(2), 1649-1654. Hu, D., Wang-Li, L., Simmons III, O. D., Classen, J. J., & Osborne, J. A. (2016). Size Distributions of Bioaerosols in an Egg Production Facility and Its Vicinity. Environmental Engineering Science, 33(4), 215-223. Hu, D., Wang-Li, L., Simmons III, O. D., Classen, J. J., & Osborne, J. A. (2015). Spatiotemporal Variations of Bioaerosols in the Vicinity of an Animal Feeding Operation Facility in the US. Journal of Environmental Protection,6(6), 614..http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jep.2015.66056. Joo, H., Ndegwa, P. M., Wang, X., Heber, A. J., Ni, J. Q., Cortus, E. L., ... & Chai, L. (2015). Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations and emissions for naturally ventilated freestall dairy barns. Transactions of the ASABE, 58(5), 1321-1331. doi: 10.13031/trans.58.11267 Julien, R. and S. I. Safferman. 2015. Evaluation of food processing wastewater loading characteristics on metal mobilization within the soil. J. Environ. Sci. and Health, Part A, 50(14):1411-1416. Kafle, G. K., L. Chen, B. Glaze, and T. Tindall. 2016. Aerobic treatment of liquid swine manure using polymer: evaluation for ammonia gas emission reductions and nitrogen retention. Engineering in Agriculture, Environment and Food, 7(3), 257-263 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eaef. Kafle, G. K., L. Chen. 2016. Comparison on batch anaerobic digestion of five different livestock manures and prediction of biochemical methane potential (BMP) using different statistical models. Waste Management 48, 492-502 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.10.021 Kenessov, B., J.A. Koziel, N. Baikakina, D. Orazbayeva. 2016. Perspectives and challenges of on-site quantification of organic pollutants in soils using solid-phase microextraction. Trends in Analytical Chemistry, in press. Liu, T., Green, A. R., Rodríguez, L. F., Ramirez, B. C., & Shike, D. W. (2015). Effects of Number of Animals Monitored on Representations of Cattle Group Movement Characteristics and Spatial Occupancy. PLoS ONE, 10(2), e0113117. Li, Q.-F, N. Trottier, W. Powers. 2015. Feeding reduced crude protein diets with crystalline amino acids supplementation reduce air gas emissions from housing. J. Anim. Sci. 93:721-730. Liu, Z., J. Harmon and W. Powers. 2016. Estimating ventilation rates of animal houses through CO2 balance. Trans. ASABE. 59(1): 321-328. Liu, Z, Y. Liu, R. Maghirang, D. Delvin, C. Blocksome. 2016. Estimate contribution of prescribed rangeland burning in Kansas to ambient PM2.5 through source apportionment with Unmix receptor model. Trans. ASABE. Accepted, 2016. Liu, Z, Y. Liu, X. Shi. J. DeRouchey. 2016, Causes of variations in ammonia emissions from cattle operations. Trans. ASABE. Under review, 2016. Liu, Z, Y. Liu, X. Shi, R. Maghirang. 2016. Enteric methane conversion factor for dairy and beef cattle: Effect of feed digestibility and intake level. Trans. ASABE. Under review, 2016. Marek, G. W., P. H. Gowda, T. H. Marek, B. W. Auvermann, S. R. Evett, P. Colaizzi, and D. K. Brauer.  2015.  Estimating preseason irrigation losses by characterizing evaporation of effective precipitation under bare soil conditions using large weighing lysimeters.  Agricultural Water Management, 169, 115-128. Maurer, D., J.A. Koziel, J.D. Harmon, S.J. Hoff, A.M. Rieck-Hinz, D.S Andersen. Summary of performance data for technologies to control gaseous, odor, and particulate emissions from livestock operations: Air Management Practices Assessment Tool (AMPAT).  Data in Brief, 7, 1413-1429. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.03.070. Oliver JP, Janni KA, Schilling JS. 2016. Bait and scrape: An approach for assessing biofilm microbial communities on organic media used for gas-phase biofiltration. Ecological Engineering 91:50-57. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.02.010 Parker, D.B., M. Hayes, T. Brown-Brandl, B.L. Woodbury, M.J. Spiehs, J.A. Koziel. Topical application of soybean peroxidase and calcium peroxide for reducing odorous VOC emissions from swine manure slurry.  Applied Eng. in Agric., in press. Powers, W. and M. Capelari. 2016. Quantifying greenhouse gas fluxes in animal production. Invited symposia paper. J. Anim. Sci. (accepted December 30, 2015). Robinson, P. H., Swanepoel, N., Heguy, J. M., Price, P., & Meyer, D. M. (2016). Total ‘shrink’losses, and where they occur, in commercially sized silage piles constructed from immature and mature cereal crops. Sci. of The Total Environ. 559, 45-52.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.103. Robinson, P. H., Swanepoel, N., Heguy, J. M., Price, T., & Meyer, D. M. (2016). ‘Shrink’losses in commercially sized corn silage piles: Quantifying total losses and where they occur. Sci. of The Total Environ., 542, 530-539.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.090 Shen, J. and J. Zhu. 2016. Optimization of methane production in anaerobic co-digestion of poultry litter and wheat straw at different percentages of total solid and volatile solid using a developed response surface model. J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A 51(4): 325-334. DOI:  10.1080/10934529.2015.1109395. Yang, X., W. Zhu, J.A. Koziel, L. Cai, W. Jenks, Y. Laor, H. van Leeuwen, S. J. Hoff. 2015. Improved quantification of livestock associated odorous volatile organic compounds in a standard flow-through system using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. J. Chromatography A, 1414, 31-40. Zhang, S., J.A. Koziel, L. Cai, S.J. Hoff, K. Heathcote, L. Chen, L. Jacobson, N. Akdeniz, B. Hetchler, D.B. Parker, E. Caraway, A.J. Heber, S. Bereznicki. 2015. Odor and odorous chemical emissions from animal buildings: Part 5 - correlations between odor intensities and chemical concentrations (GC-MS/O). Trans. of ASABE, 58(5) 1349-1359. doi.10.13031/2013.32645. Zhu, W., J.A. Koziel, L. Cai, D. Wright, F. Kuhrt. 2015. Testing odorants recovery from a novel metalized fluorinated ethylene propylene gas sampling bag. J. Air & Waste Mgmt. Assoc., 65(12), 1434-1445   <h3>Conference Proceedings</h3> Bokova, A., C. Diaz, J.A. Koziel, M. McGinley, J. Barclay.  2016. Overview of the odour legislation in selected countries of Europe, North America, and Oceania. In Proc. 1st International Odor Conf. Gdansk, Poland. Casey, K. D., G. Galvin, R. W. Todd. D. B. Parker, H. M. Waldrip. 2016. Investigating the potential for using passive diffusion samplers to measure fenceline concentration and emission fluxes of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide at beef cattle feedyards. In: Proc of the ASABE International Annual Meeting, Jul 18-20. 2016, Orlando, FL. Casey, K. D., H. M. Waldrip, R. W. Todd, N. A. Cole. 2015. Optimizing NFT-NSS Chamber Techniques for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Measurements from Feedyard Pen Surfaces. In: Proc of the ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings:, Nov 15-18. 2015, Minneapolis, MN. Chen, L., G. Kafle, B. Glaze, and T. Tindall. 2016. Evaluation of a polymer for reduction of ammonia emission from and nitrogen retention in swine manure. In Proc. Idaho Nutrient Management Conf. pp. 50-57. Jerome, Idaho. Chen, L., G.K. Kafle, H. Neibling, and B. He. 2015. On-farm evaluation of wood bark-based biofilters for reduction of odor, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide.  In Proc. Intl. Symp. Animal Environment and Welfare. pp. 99-106. Chongqing, China. De Haro-Marti, M.E., M. Chahine, H. Neibling, and L. Chen. 2016. Use of zeolites to retain nitrogen during composting treatment of dairy manure. In Proc. of the Idaho Nutrient Management Conf. pp. 32-35.Jerome, Idaho. Jacobson, L., Johnston, L., Hetchler, B., Reese, C., Hilbrands, A. 2016. Research room design using ambient winter cooling to implement pig heat stress studies. Presented at CIGR-AgEng Conference, June 26-29, 2016 Aarhus, Denmark. Johnston, L.J., Jacobson, L.D., Hetchler, B.P., Reese, C.M., Hilbrands, A.M. 2016. Performance response of grow-finish pigs to simulated heat stress under commercial-like conditions. Abstract presented at the 16th International Conference on Production Diseases in Farm Animals (ICPD) on 20 to 23 June 2016 in Wageningen, The Netherlands. Kalus, K, S. Opalinski, D. Maurer, S. Rice, J.A. Koziel, M. Korczyński, Z. Dobrzanski, R. Kołacz, B. Gutarowska. 2016. Odor reducing microbial-mineral additive for poultry manure treatment. In Proc. Livestock Waste 2016 Conf. Galway, Ireland. Koziel, J.A.  Simultaneous chemical and sensory analyses of aromas.  In Proc. 7th Intl Conf. on Quality and Safety in Food Production Chain, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences. Wroclaw, Poland. Koziel, J.A. 2015.  Simultaneous chemical and sensory analyses: application to agriculture.  In: Proc. of the XXXVIII Miedzynarodowe Seminarium Naukowo-Techniczne 'Chemistry for Agriculture. Karpacz, Poland, December. Koziel, J.A., D. Maurer, J. Harmon, S. Hoff, A. Rieck-Hinz., D. Andersen. 2016. Air Management Practices Assessment Tool (AMPAT): On-line resource for odors and air quality associated with U.S. livestock production systems. In Proc. of the 1st International Odour Conf. Gdansk, Poland. Kruger, K., L. Chen, B. He. 2016. Cultivation of duckweed on anaerobically digested dairy manure for nutrient uptake and macroalgal biomass production. In Proc. Idaho Nutrient Management Conf. pp. 16-22. Jerome, Idaho. Li, Q.-F., D. Rozeboom, Y. Liu, W. Liao, W. Powers. 2015. Microalgae cultivation from animal production exhaust air: mitigate air emissions and recovery nutrients. In Proc. ASAE Annual Intl Meeting. Paper number 15218910. Montreal, New Orleans, LA. Lim, T.-T., and J. M. Zulovich. 2015. Case study: a solid-liquid manure separation swine operation for resource conservation. In Proc. Waste to Worth Conf. Seattle, WA. Lim, T.-T., B. C. Harvey, and J. M. Zulovich. 2015. Start-up of a Pilot Scale Anaerobic Digestion System for Deep-Pit Swine Finishing Barn. In ASABE Annual Intl Meeting. Paper No. 152190240. St. Joseph, Mich. Liu, T., Rodriguez, L. F., Lehman, B. E., Green, A. R., Villamil, M. B., & Shike, D. W. (2016). A spatially explicit, agent-based model for simulating movements of cattle grazing corn residues. Presented at the 2013 ASABE Annual International Meeting, Paper No. 162460297. http://doi.org/10.13031/aim.20162460297 Liu, Z., P. Murphy, R. Maghirang, J. DeRouchey. Mitigation of Air Emissions from Swine Buildings through the Photocatalytic Technology Using UV/TiO2. ASABE Paper 2189332. New Orleans, Louisiana, 2015. Liu, Y., Z. Liu, P. Murphy, R. Maghirang, J. DeRouchey. Vegetative Environmental Buffers (VEBs) for Mitigating Multiple Air Pollutants Emissions from a Research Swine Barn. ASABE Paper 2190126. New Orleans, Louisiana, 2015. Liu, Y., Z. Liu, X. Shi. A Meta-analysis of Ammonia Emissions from Cattle Production Facilities. ASABE Paper 152190145. New Orleans, Louisiana, 2015. Liu, Z., Y. Liu. Contribution of Kansas pasture burning to ambient ozone: a combination of receptor modeling, time series and regression analysis. ASABE Paper 162460949. Orlando, Florida, 2016 Liu, Y., Z. Liu. Source apportionment of ambient PM2.5 by using Unmix and PMF reception models at Flint Hills rural site and Kansas City urban site. ASABE Paper 162447784. Orlando, Florida, 2016 Maurer, D., C.K. Ellis, T. Thacker, S. Rice, J.A. Koziel. 2016. Screening of microbial volatile organic compounds for detection of disease in cattle: development of lab-scale method. In Proc. ExTech 2016 18th Intl Symp of Advances in Extraction Technologies & 22nd Intl Symp of Separation Sciences. Torun, Poland. Maurer, D., J.A. Koziel, K. Bruning. 2016. Field scale measurement of greenhouse gas emissions from land applied swine manure. In Proc. Livestock Waste 2016 Conf. Galway, Ireland. Maurer, D., J.A. Koziel, K. Kalus, D.S. Andersen, S. Opalinski. 2016. Pilot-scale testing of biochar for swine manure treatment and mitigation of odorous VOCs, ammonia, hydrogen sulphide and greenhouse gas emissions. In Proc. Livestock Waste 2016 Conf. Galway, Ireland. Nelson, C.R., Janni, K.A. 2016. Modeling dairy cow thermoregulation during warm and hot environmental conditions 1: model development. ASABE Paper 162462138. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE. Nelson, C.R., Janni, K.A., Heins, B.J. 2016. Modeling dairy cow thermoregulation during warm and hot environmental conditions 1: model application. ASABE Paper 162462140. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE. Nogueira, R.G.S., T.-T. Lim, and H. Wang.  2016. Laboratory Evaluation of Co-digesting Beef Manure and Waste Kitchen Oil. In Proc. Annual Intl ASABE Meeting. Paper No. 2461767. St. Joseph, Mich.: ASABE. Orlando, FL. Powers, W., M. Eve and A. Leytem. 2015. What are the best tools developed to predict GHG? In Proc. Dairy environmental systems and climate change conf. and tour. Ithaca, NY. Rajan, R., S. Sharma, K. D. Casey, S. Maas. 2015. Effect of Soil Moisture and Temperature on Soil Carbon Flux from a Conventional Cotton Cropping System. In: Proc of the ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings:, Nov 15-18. 2015, Minneapolis, MN. Shen, J., J. Zhu. 2015. Determination of Kinetic Parameters in Methane Production of Anaerobic Co-Digestion from Methane Volume and COD Balance. In ASABE Annual Intl. Meeting. Paper: 152187873, New Orleans, LA. Shen, J., J. Zhu. 2015. Optimization of Methane Production in Anaerobic Co-Digestion at different Solid Concentrations and ratios of Poultry Litter to Wheat Straw using a Developed Statistical Model. In ASABE Annual Intl. Meeting. Paper: 152187836, New Orleans, LA. Waldrip, H. M., K. D. Casey, R. W. Todd, N. A. Cole. 2015. Predicting Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Beef Cattle Feedyard Manure. In: Proc of the ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings:, Nov 15-18. 2015, Minneapolis, MN. Waldrip, H. M., K. D. Casey, R. W. Todd, N. A. Cole. 2015. Factors Affecting Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Beef Cattle Feedyard Manure: A Laboratory Study. In: Proc of the ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings:, Nov 15-18. 2015, Minneapolis, MN.   <h3>Thesis/Dissertations</h3> Gross, M. Dec 2015.  Development of a biofilm based algal cultivation system for treatment of municipal and agricultural wastes. Fermentation of syngas. MS thesis. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University, Agricultural Engineering. Heflin, K. R.  2016.  Life-cycle greenhouse-gas emissions of five beef production systems typical of the southern High Plains.  PhD dissertation. Canyon, TX: West Texas A&M University, Systems Agriculture program. Regan, K. August 2015. Evaluation of manure nutrient value. MS thesis. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University, Agricultural Engineering. Schuster, N. R 2015. The Effect of Manure Application Method on Nutrient and Microbial Runoff Transport and Soil Biological Health Indicators. MS thesis. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska, Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering. Smith, J. S. 2015. Development and application of a decisions support tools for biomass co-firing in existing coal fired power plants.  MS thesis. East lancing, Michigan: Michigan State University, Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering. Wang, Q. 2016. Study of odors from paunch and grit materials generated by cattle slaughtering facilities.  M.S. non-thesis option – creative component project.  Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University.   <h3>Extension and Outreach</h3> Koziel, J.A. 2015.  Funding scientific research in USA.  University Presidents Meeting of Polish agricultural universities, Wroclaw-Pawlowice, Poland, November 2015.

Impact Statements

• Manure nutrient separation using alternative pretreatment technologies, as compared to anaerobic digestion, and the applicability, in general, to swine manure is being quantified by several researchers, which adds to the robustness of assessments

Date of Annual Report: 08/23/2017

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 05/22/2017 - 05/24/2017
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2016 - 09/30/2017

Participants

Alison Deviney N.C. State Univ. avdevine@ncsu.edu
Brent Auvermann Texas A&M AgriLife Research b-auvermann@tamu.edu
Brooke Latack Michigan State Univ. latack@msu.edu
Chris Miller University of California Davis cmfmiller@ucdavis.edu
Deanne Meyer UC Davis dmeyer@ucdavis.edu
Erin L. Cortus South Dakota State Univ. erin.cortus@sdstate.edu
Jactone A. Ogejo Virginia Tech arogo@vt.edu
John J. Classen N.C. State Univ. john_classen@ncsu.edu
Kevin Janni University of Minnesota kjanni@umn.edu
Lide Chen University of Idaho lchen@uidaho.edu
Luis F. Rodriguez University of Illinois lfr@illinois.edu
Richard Koelsch Univ. of Nebraska -Lincoln rkoelsch1@unl.edu
Robert E. DeOtte West Texas A&M Univ. rdeotte@wtamu.edu
Ron Lacewell Texas A&M AgriLife Research r-lacewell@tamu.edu
Shannon Banner N.C. State Univ. sbcreaso@ncsu.edu
Wendy Powers University of California wendy.powers@ucop.edu
Zifei Liu Kansas State Univ. zifeiliu@ksu.edu

Brief Summary of Minutes

Agenda:

Review of 2017 annual meeting

Timeline and writing team for the new project

Election of officers

Location and time for 2018 annual meeting

Webinars

Review of 2017 annual meeting

A total of 22 people attended the meeting on Tuesday and 17 people attended the business meeting on Wednesday. Participants agreed that the meeting worked well for the planned activities as following.

Monday (May 22):
- Tour of University of Nebraska research beef feedlot and introduction to beef systems and important characteristics of production – Galen Erickson (introductory information for Tuesday modeling exercise).
- Methane emissions field measurement for cattle – Thomas Winders
- ARS early warning system for earthen storage seepage – Bryan Woodbury

Tuesday (May 23):
- Review the current project objectives and status- Brent Auvermann
  - Disciplinary diversity
  - Synthesize our research
  - Interpretation of broader impacts of changes in animal systems
- Positioning the USMARC as a Model System for Antibiotic Resistance Transfer Research - Tommy Wheeler
- Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit: Approach to System Modeling of Nutrient Flow Through Agricultural Systems - Alan Rotz
- Assessing the long-term consequences of nitrogen and phosphorus losses from a grow-finish swine facility - Brooke Latack
- Break out groups to brainstorm assigned table question to show how we can link our individual research in animal protein production via the CLD. (Facilitators – Wendy, Bob, and Brent)
  - Group 1: Does an increase in animal protein production cause an increase in manure spreading?
  - Group 2: Are environmental regulations improving environmental Quality? What are the most powerful influences affecting the drive for environmental regulations?
  - Group 3: Can we squeeze more out of an animal without increasing consumer cost?
  - Group 4: What are the risk factors?
  - Group: 5: Effects of market.
- Wednesday (May 24):
  - Business meeting
  - INFEWS-ER updates and discussion on how to participate - Luis F. Rodriguez
  - New project rewrite discussions: How did participation in S1032 add value to your program? What are challenges in current proposal? What advances will we need?
    - Define metrics for sustainability,
    - Integrate INFEW-ER
    - Tools development sharing
    - Break out CLD into focused component
    - Data dictionary
    - Improved resource recovery
    - Soil health jeopardize feed production
    - Climate adaptation
    - Heat stress adaptation
    - New animal system design
    - Reengaging with CLD quarterly
    - Engaging with stakeholders

Timeline and writing team for the new project

Ron Lacewell noted that the new S1032 project should be submitted by February, 2018; and Dr. Wendy Powers will be the new project advisor for the S1032 project. A new project writing team needs to be formed and the draft of the new project should be made available around November, 2017.

The new project writing team: Deanne Meyer and Erin L. Cortus will be co-chairs of the writing team. John J. Classen, Luis F. Rodriguez, Richard Koelsch, Robert E. DeOtte, Jactone A. Ogejo, and Zifei Liu agreed to contribute to the writing.

Election of officers

Deanne Meyer nominated Kevin Janni for secretary. Robert E. DeOtte seconded. Kevin Janni agreed and was unanimously elected.

Officials for 2016/2017: Chair – Erin Cortus; Vice chair – Zifei Liu; Secretary – Kevin Janni; Past chair – Jactone A. Ogejo.

Location and time for 2018 annual meeting

Location: Washington DC. It was expected NIFA official may show up, and a visit to ARS may be arranged during the 2018 annual meeting.

Time: 2nd week in May or 2nd week of June, to be decided. Need to avoid the vacation season.

Host for the 2018 annual meeting at DC: to be decided.

Webinars

Members agreed to have regular monthly webinars starting in September 2017. Zifei Liu agreed to continue to set up ZOOM meeting for monthly webinar as usual.

Topics suggested
- September: NIFA contact to moderate a session
- October: Richard Koelsch.will lead a seminar regarding sustainability, food supply chain industry
- November: New faculty in NCSU and John Classen to lead a session
- December: CLD review, John Classen to lead

Meeting was adjourned at 8:25 am

Accomplishments

The accomplishments (collective and state based) for this reporting period are listed by the projects’ three objectives below. The participating states and respective principal investigators (PIs) are listed in Table 1.   Objective 1: Engage collaborators from needed broad range of disciplines, institutions, and stakeholder groups to catalyze conceptual and quantitative synthesis, collaboration, and data sharing. Planned activities to accomplish this objective include: provide more learning and idea generation opportunities by increasing regular interactions among project participants using webinars and annual meeting format that allows structured analysis and discussions to achieve the goals of the group. Between June 2016 and May 2017, project participants completed the activities listed below towards this objective. <ul> <li>The webinar series provided opportunities for learning, idea generation and collaborator identification. There were a total of eight webinars with 11 to 19 participants per webinar. <ul> <li>August 09, 2016. Topics and schedule for 2016-2017 webinars were discussed through “AgriLife WebEx meeting”. Purpose and maintenance of S1032 website were discussed. There were thirteen participants.</li> <li>September 06, 2016. Project participants discussed potential funding sources/strategies for S1032 group to consider. Deanne Meyer introduced USDA Climate change RFA. Rick Koelsch reviewed AFRI Competitive Grants Program. John Classen introduced NSF research traineeship program. There were sixteen participants.</li> <li>October 04, 2016. Brent Auvermann presented progress in refining the CLD – focus on two examples to highlight latent variables concept and clarify units of measurement. Some variable structures for modeling poultry &livestock systems using object-oriented programming were proposed. There were twelve participants.</li> <li>November 08, 2016. Wendy Powers lead conversation of new S1032 project rewrite/renewal timeline and objectives. There were eleven participants.</li> <li>December 06, 2017. Luis F. Rodríguez presented the first quarterly review of “the INFEWS-ER” grant: a virtual resource center enabling graduate innovations at the nexus of food, energy, and water systems. There were nineteen participants.</li> <li>January 10, 2017. Deanne Meyer presented on data harmonization effort. There were eleven participants.</li> <li>March 07, 2017. Dr. Ben Turner from Texas A&M University-Kingsville presented on his recently published work “A systems approach to forecast agricultural land transformation and soil environmental risk from economic, policy, and cultural scenarios in the north central United States (2012–2062)”.</li> <li>April 11, 2017. Ezra Kahn and Peter Arbuckle from National Agricultural Library provided a presentation/updates on their digital commons work – a topic related to our efforts on data harmonization in general. The planning committee finalized the agenda for the S1032 annual meeting.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td width="66"> State </td> <td width="96"> Name </td> <td width="114"> CLD – Node/Loop </td> <td width="348"> Data/Resources </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Arkansas </td> <td width="96"> Jun Zhu </td> <td width="114"> B14, B19, B15 </td> <td width="348"> Data to develop a cost effective advanced anaerobic digester system that uses dry poultry litter as feedstock </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" width="66"> California </td> <td width="96"> Deanne Meyer </td> <td width="114"> R10, B11, B12, B13, B14, B15, B19, R18 </td> <td width="348"> Lagoons, feed, solid separation, biodigesters, flow (of solids, and nutrients) through commercial dairy operations </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Ruihong Zhang </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Wendy Powers </td> <td width="114"> B14, B15, B21, B26, R10, R25 </td> <td width="348"> Feed, production, excretion, pasture + soil GHG </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Idaho </td> <td width="96"> Lide Chen </td> <td width="114"> B13, B15, B19 </td> <td width="348"> Biodigesters, air quality </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="66"> Illinois </td> <td width="96"> Luis F. Rodriguez </td> <td width="114"> B4, B5, B11, B14, B15 </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Xinlei Wang </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="66"> Indiana </td> <td width="96"> T. Applegate </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Albert Heber </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Iowa </td> <td width="96"> Jacek A. Koziel </td> <td width="114"> B14, B15, R10, B11, B12 </td> <td width="348"> NAEMS data, AMPAT database on performance of odor, gas and dust emissions control technologies for livestock operations, Air Quality Laboratory, Olfactometry Laboratory. Lab-, pilot-, farm-scale set-ups for development and testing of emissions mitigation technologies.  </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Kansas </td> <td width="96"> Zifei Liu </td> <td width="114"> B15, GHG </td> <td width="348"> Vegetative buffers and UV to reduce air pollutants from livestock facilities; Meta-analysis of NH4 and CH4 emissions from cattle operations; Estimating contributions of agricultural sources to air quality (PM2.5 and O3) through receptor modeling </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Kentucky </td> <td width="96"> Joseph Taraba </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="66"> Michigan </td> <td width="96"> Amor Ines </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Steven Safferman </td> <td width="114"> B13, B14, B15, B18, B19 </td> <td width="348"> Biodigesters, biomass feedstock </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="66"> Minnesota </td> <td width="96"> Kevin Janni </td> <td width="114"> R18, R19, B15 </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Larry Jacobson </td> <td width="114"> R18, B19, B15, GHG </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Mississippi </td> <td width="96"> John C. Schneider </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Missouri </td> <td width="96"> Teng Lim </td> <td width="114"> B17, B19, R10, R18 </td> <td width="348"> Manure management, air quality, and degradation of antimicrobials. </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="66"> Nebraska </td> <td width="96"> Amy M. Schmidt </td> <td width="114"> R10, B14, B16 </td> <td width="348"> Soil health; fate of nutrients, AMR bacteria, steroid hormones </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Rick Koelsch </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="66"> North Carolina </td> <td width="96"> Edward L. Kick </td> <td width="114"> R28, B21, B19 </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> John J. Classen </td> <td width="114"> R28, B12, B13, B15, B26, B29, B30 </td> <td width="348"> Ammonia recovery, characteristics of scraped manure </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> North Dakota </td> <td width="96"> Shafiqur Rahman </td> <td width="114">  R18, B15 </td> <td width="348"> Greenhouse gas, air quality </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Ohio </td> <td width="96"> Lingying Zhao </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> South Dakota </td> <td width="96"> Erin L. Cortus </td> <td width="114"> R10, B11, B15, GHG </td> <td width="348"> NAEMS data, Confined beef cattle facility emission data, bedded manure packs; information transfer mechanisms </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6" width="66"> Texas   </td> <td width="96"> Brent Auvermann </td> <td width="114"> All; B26, R10, B14, B15, B17, R18, B19 </td> <td width="348"> Land application of manure; dust, visibility, and bioaerosols; human health; antimicrobial resistance; Stella/Vensim models; beef LCA; biofuel feedstock characterization; compost characterization </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Kenneth D. Casey </td> <td width="114"> B14, B15, B17, GHG </td> <td width="348"> Emission data for NH3 and H2S from beef cattle feedlots, and H2S from open-lot dairy corrals. NAEMS data for OK4B Site. Emission data for N2O, CH4 and CO2 from the manure pack at beef cattle feedlots and open-lot dairy corrals. Water use data for feedyards and dairies. </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Robert E. DeOtte </td> <td width="114"> B14, Food Security </td> <td width="348"> Data on water conservation in meat packing plants, results of workshops on secure beef cattle production, biosecurity plans and continuity of operations plans for beef cattle production. </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Marty Rhoades </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Jovana Vukovic </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Brigette Guerrero </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Virginia </td> <td width="96"> Jactone A. Ogejo </td> <td width="114"> B13, B14, B15, B19 </td> <td width="348"> Lagoon, biodigesters </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>   Base causal loop diagram (CLD) to facilitate organization, synthesis, and integration of component-based research findings and supporting data is available from the administrative advisor   <ul> <li>The 2017 S1032 Annual Meeting was held in 219 LW Chase Hall, University of Nebraska’s East Campus, Nebraska, May 22-24, 2017. The meeting was hosted by Richard Koelsch. The meeting consisted of a tour of University of Nebraska research beef feedlot on Monday (May 22). A total of 22 people attended the meeting on Tuesday (May 23). Tuesday’s program include three presentations: (Positioning the USMARC as a Model System for Antibiotic Resistance Transfer Research - Tommy Wheeler; Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit: Approach to System Modeling of Nutrient Flow Through Agricultural Systems - Alan Rotz; Assessing the long-term consequences of nitrogen and phosphorus losses from a grow-finish swine facility - Brooke Latack); group discussions for reviewing the current project objectives and status; and breaking out groups to brainstorm assigned questions to show how we can link our individual research in animal protein production via the CLD. A total of 17 people attended the business meeting on Wednesday (May 24). Luis F. Rodriguez provided INFEWS-ER updates and discussion on how to participate. As part of the business meeting, the new project writing team was identified. Members agreed to continue monthly webinars starting from September 2017, and to have the 2018 meeting in Washington DC.   </li> <li>Brent Auvermann and Rick Koelsch initiated weekly proposal-development web-conferences for the S1032 group in fall of 2016. AFRI priorities and proposal ideas were discussed. Weather variability and a changing climate creates critical vulnerabilities for animal feeding operations was identified as one topic. Examples of those vulnerabilities include: animal feed supply disruptions, increasing animal stress due to increasing temperatures and wet periods, greater risks to storage of manure, increasing disease/health risks for animals and human, extreme events disrupting and displacing AFOs and their managers, inability to recycle nutrients through land application systems.</li> <li>On behalf of S1032, Deanne Meyer from UC Davis worked with Carol Barford from the University of Wisconsin on a dairy data dictionary to move the group toward data harmonization. One webinar was devoted to an update of data harmonization progress and had participation from National Ag Library staff and U. Wisconsin on a monthly webinar. Deanne Meyer also participated in the NSF INFEWS PI meeting.</li> <li>Steven Safferman from Michigan State University is preparing a comprehensive literature review on winter manure application and soil health in conjunction with the North Central Water Network and Soil Health Institute. As part of the effort, an annotated bibliography of all related articles will be prepared and housed on the new Soil Health Institute Landscape Tool. Last literature review was published over 10 years ago.</li> <li>Teng Lim from University of Missouri is conducting a small project that assembles and analyzes soil health variable and land application of manure data, and compare the findings with a set of field plot data that are more controlled and replicated over the years. Key variables indicating soil health include water-stable aggregates, bulk density, and organic/active carbon.</li> <li>Erin Cortus engaged in a grant proposal that leveraged S1032 goals and collaborations, as well as connections with the INFEWS-ER Project (PI Rodriguez). This grant proposal engaged investigators outside of S1032 in the disciplines of natural resource management, agricultural economics and agricultural education. The proposal was titled “Curriculum Development for Wicked Problem Solving”, led by Dr. Benjamin Turner (Texas A&M University Kingsville). The proposal status is Under Review.</li> <li>Jacek Koziel made major progress to solve the livestock odor problem. A bio-based, soybean-derived, mitigates ammonia emissions up to 68%, major odorous volatiles up to 90%, without significant increase in nitrous oxide emissions. (2) “INFEWS/T4: The INFEWS-ER: a Virtual Resource Center Enabling Graduate Innovations at the Nexus of Food, Energy, and Water Systems” (Jan 2017 – Dec 2020) project was initiated (Koziel, co-PI). (3) Novel ‘aerobic-digestion & trench burial’ hybrid system was developed for biosecure and rapid disposal of infectious animal carcasses.  Lab-scale research warrants field-scale studies. </li> <li>Shafiqur Rahman, North Dakota State University is working with nanoparticles in mitigating hydrogen sulfide and greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, Alginate-nZnO beads or bare nZnO proved to be an effective NP in reducing H2S (up to 99%), CH4 (49-72%); and CO2 (46-62%) from manure stored under anaerobic conditions and these reductions are likely due to the microbial inhibitory effect from nZnO, as well as chemical conversion. Both SEM-EDS and XPS analysis confirmed the presence of zinc sulfide (ZnS) in the beads, which is likely formed by reacting nZnO with H2</li> <li>Luis Rodriguez, Illinois, is the PI of the NSF INFEWS project entitled, “INFEWS/T4: The INFEWS-ER: a Virtual Resource Center Enabling Graduate Innovations at the Nexus of Food, Energy, and Water Systems”. The project has hosted a kick off meeting in April 2017. The members of S-1032 represent most INFEWS-ER steering committee membership. The project management team is in the process of recruiting participanting Faculy Fellows and Graduate Students to develop and enjoy learning modules. The INFEWS-ER is developing a website for hosting of learning modules targeting the development of graduate training in transdisciplinary food, energy, and water research. The inaugural symposia is tentatively schedules to occur in February of 2018.</li> </ul> Objective 2. Facilitate organization, synthesis, and integration of component-based research findings and supporting data. The underlying premise of this objective is that project participants collaborate or work together in teams to build a component(s) of the relational aspects of animal protein production presented in the CLD. Participants will make/share data available to support the CLD work via a publicly accessible database.    Planned activities to meet this objective include: (1) identifying the types of data participants have or being generated in their current work and (2) designing and hosting a publicly accessible database for sharing project data by participants to facilitate development/integration of system components outlined in the CLD (figure 1). The accomplishments towards achieving this objective include: <ul> <li>Project participants continue to identify and update the nodes relevant to their work and also indicated sets of data they have available to share, as listed in table 1.</li> <li>Some examples of specific data available and/or current research activities by project participants to generate data for potential use in completing the CLD are listed below. <ul> <li>Arkansas: Jun Zhu’s group continued their research on anaerobic digestion of poultry litter to produce renewable energy with focus on developing kinetic models to describe the digestion process. The Gompertz model was used and modified based on the experimental data and a new kinetic model was developed. The group still are working on the cleanup methods/technology in water recycling because this is still the major bottleneck for treating poultry litter using anaerobic digestion. Avoiding adding a large amount of water to litter to make it a liquid for the process has not made much progress. New methods such as non-thermal plasma technology, may need to be looked at to reduce the contaminants in the effluent water from the digester so that it can be recycled back to the digester. Other water cleaning technologies will also be investigated as well.</li> <li>California: Deanne Meyer and Carol Barford are currently interacting with French scientists who developed Animal Trait Ontology for Livestock. https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/ATOL. A separate dictionary is used by pork ISIC (http://unstats.un.org/unsd/cr/registry/regcst.asp?Cl=27).</li> <li>Iowa: Researchers led by Koziel continued to improve four mitigation technologies for odor and gaseous emissions from swine and poultry operations. Development and testing follows gated approach from lab- to pilot-, and finally to farm-scales.  (1) Soybean-based treatment in a form of pit manure additive was tested on farm-scale. Non-sulfur VOC emissions were reduced by 36%. Ammonia emissions were reduced by 22%. Hydrogen sulfide emissions were reduced by 80%. No significant change to greenhouse gases emissions were observed. Estimated material cost of treatment is $1.45 per pig, equivalent of &sim;8% of the pig market price.  (2) Biochar was tested on a pilot-scale as a pit manure additive.  Significant reductions in emissions were observed for ammonia (12.7–22.6%). Concomitantly, significant increases in methane emissions (22.1–24.5%) were measured. (3) Black light was tested on both laboratory and pilot-scale at a swine operation.  Treatment reduced p-cresol emissions by 22%. Treatment reduced odor emissions by 16%. Treatment reduced nitrous oxide (a greenhouse gas) emissions by 9%. (4) Microbial-mineral treatment for surficial application to poultry manure was tested.  Reduction levels of odorous volatile organic compounds was between 9% and 96% for microbial-mineral additive, depending on the analyzed compound.</li> <li>Idaho: Lide Chen’s team focused on mitigating gas emissions from manure application lands by using filtration/low sprinkler head irrigation and manure nutrient recycle by solid separation. They also conducted nutrient uptake research for which duckweed strains were cultivated on anaerobically digested dairy manure. Both lab and on-farm tests have been carried out. Preliminary data analysis has been conducted.</li> <li>Kansas: Zifei Liu’s group conducted a comprehensive review of life cycle assessment on carbon footprint of beef production in the US. The study will offer (1) an initial critical review on types of LCA methodology and allocation method used, the scope, scale and system boundary defined in the LCA applications in beef production; (2) an LCA comparison of different beef systems; (3) a ranging of results on carbon footprint of beef production based on conditions of the US beef production, trends in various indicators and the current data gap. Results of the LCA will be expressed in the unit of carbon footprint per kg product, and the main sources of uncertainty in the results will be identified. The results will provide a better understanding of the whole-farm greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from beef production, including emissions from feed production, from the enteric fermentation of the cattle, from the cattle's waste, and from processing and transportation, and the relative contributions of different system components.</li> <li>Michigan: Steven Safferman is maintaining online, publically available decision support tools to convert animal waste into a resource. Specifically, the Michigan Waste Biomass Inventory to Support Renewable Energy (Inventory) maps organic wastes in Michigan and conducts preliminary energy modeling. Included in the Inventory is manure from animal agriculture facilities. The Anaerobic Digestion Development Iterative Tool and the Combustion Renewable Energy Development Iterative Tool are companion tools to model the economic, renewable energy production, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction from blended feedstocks. Research is conducted on the development of a holistic phosphorus fate and transport index that includes consideration of manure application during different seasons. A major goal is to identify site-specific best management practices that maximize beneficial nutrient utilization while minimizing runoff.  The research entails modeling the complex system using Hydrus and running various scenarios, typical of the Great Lakes states, to establish the index.</li> <li>Minnesota: A multidisciplinary team is conducting several research and demonstration projects with the overall goal to identify major energy uses for swine and dairy production and identify renewable energy options to replace fossil fuels (B19). The team measured energy use on two dairy and swine farms. They installed photovoltaic solar systems and monitored their energy production. Data collection and analysis is ongoing. New projects to install another photovoltaic system and provide sow cooling and piglet heating were funded.</li> <li>South Dakota: South Dakota has been working with colleagues at North Dakota State University and several centers of the USDA-ARS to collect and aggregate environmental and production data for confinement cattle operations in the Northern Great Plains. The data are being integrated into (through validation of or alterations to) the Integrated Farm System Model (v4, Rotz et al, 2016). This model incorporates multiple loops and nodes indicated in Figure 1 including, but not limited to B4, B5, B11 and R10. Initial simulations of cattle feeding systems (open lot, bedded pack) of varying capacities (750, 1500, 5000) in multiple locations in ND, SD and NE have been simulated for both current and projected climate conditions. The initial simulations provide a baseline for both system understanding and model evaluation.</li> <li>Virginia Tech worked on developing a compartmental based processed based model to improve the accuracy of estimating aerial emissions from stored dairy manure. The model estimates (i) spatial variation of temperature and substrate concentration (ii) spatial variations and rates of biogeochemical processes, and (iii) production and emission of ammonia from a liquid manure storage tank. Model performance was evaluated using experimental data obtained from National Air Emissions Monitoring Study. A sensitivity analysis was performed and air temperature, manure pH, wind speed, and manure total ammoniacal nitrogen concentration were identified as the most sensitive model inputs. Model simulations were run to estimate ammonia emission under different management and weather scenarios: two different manure storage periods in cold season from November to April and in warm season from May to October using historical weather data of the Rockingham County.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> Objective 3. Discover (reveal), substantiate, and interpret the broader impacts of component-level modifications to animal production systems. In Arkansas, the results from research provide new knowledge and useful information based on which further investigation of using liquid anaerobic digestion technology to treat a solid waste substrate such as poultry litter can be planned. The kinetic models developed can be applied to simulate the digestion process without having to conduct actual experiments, thus saving research costs while still obtaining important information on the performance of the digestion process so that better operating strategies can be explored and experimented. The ultimate product will be a better digestion technology that can be implemented at farm level for poultry producers to handle/abate the nutrients in poultry litter to reduce the environmental liability of their productions. In California, annual report data quality submitted by dairy farmers was evaluated by determining if reported values were consistent with mass balance analyses of 1) excreted nutrients and, 2) land-applied N. This study compared the sum of excreted nutrients to that of applied and exported nutrients submitted in annual reports and used simulations to determine if reported N-application rates were reflective of existing agronomic limitations.  Findings indicate opportunities for improvement likely exist in quantification of solid or liquid manure applied to land or plant material harvested from land. Additionally, opportunities for improvement in obtaining a representative sample likely exist. Progress is being made to define uncertainty introduced at farm level to determine amount of N, P, and K, removed from (as crops) fields where manure was applied.  Each load of chopped forage from nine fields (3 each planted in corn, sorghum and cereal forages) was weighed and sampled for moisture and nutrient composition.  This detailed dataset is useful to identify how different sampling protocols impact uncertainty of the answer. Work has begun to measure total and volatile solids as well as nutrient flows through commercial dairy operations (n=4 or 5).  This is a one year field project. It will provide data to evaluate.  Modification of previously developed eLearning decision support system occurred to aid dairy operators and consultants understand importance of collecting representative samples and quantification of material applied to land and removed as crops. In Minnesota, a multidisciplinary team has developed educational materials and tools to convey critical concepts to enhance biosecurity for poultry and swine production facilities. A Biosecure Entry Education Trailer (BEET) was developed and videos produced to demonstrate key principles of Danish Entries. The BEET has been used with veterinary students, FFA members, company employees and producers. Presentations were made to producers groups in Minnesota and Missouri. In Minnesota, many sow barns use filter all air coming through inlets to reduce the airborne spread of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Recent research reported leakage rates for sow barns. A model was developed to estimate indoor virus concentrations in a leaky sow barn with filtered inlets and a negative-pressure ventilation system. In Iowa, Soybean-based treatment in a form of pit manure additive for mitigation of odor and gaseous emissions was developed and tested on a farm-scale. Significant reduction of main odorants was observed with no significant change to greenhouse gases emissions. Estimated material cost of treatment is $1.45 per pig, equivalent of &sim;0.8% of the pig market price. Major advances were made to move black light treatment of odor and gaseous emissions from lab- to pilot-scale.  Emissions of odor and one key greenhouse gas were reduced.

Publications

<h3>Journal Articles</h3> Akdeniz,N., K.A. Janni, B.P. Hetchler. (2016) Mitigation of multiple air emissions from swine buildings using corn cob biofilters. Trans of ASABE 59(5): 1413-1420. (doi: 10.13031/trans.59.11873) Baimatova, N, J.A. Koziel, B. Kenessov. 2017. Passive sampling and analysis of naphthalene in internal combustion engine exhaust with retracted solid phase microextraction device and GC-MS. Atmosphere, 8(7), 130. doi. 10.3390/atmos8070130. Cai, L., S. Rice, J.A. Koziel, M. Dharmadhikari. 2017. Development of an automated method for selected aromas of red wines from cold-hardy grapes using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry – olfactometry. Separations, 2017, 4(3), 24. doi: 10.3390/separations4030024. Cortus, E.L., B. Kasu, J. Jaquet, N. Embertson, A. Schmidt, T.T. Lim and J. Heemstra. 2017. Relevant information sources in the vast and complex manure nutrient management network. Submitted to Journal of Extension. Under Review. Dobrzanski, Z., B. Buszewski, S. Opalinski, R. Kolacz, J.A. Koziel. 2017. Xenobiotics, toxic compounds, mutagens and carcinogens substances. Classification and regulatory challenges. Przemysl Chemiczny, 96(1), 76-84. doi:10.15199/62.2017.1.5. Ellis, C., S. Rice, D. Maurer, R. Stahl, R. Waters, M. Palmer, P. Nol, J. Rhyan, K. VerCauteren, J.A. Koziel. 2017. Use of fecal volatile organic compound analysis to discriminate between non-vaccinated and BCG-vaccinated cattle prior to and after Mycobacterium bovis challenge. PLoS ONE, 2017, 12(7): e0179914. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179914. Kalus, K., S. Opalinski, D. Maurer, S. Rice, J.A. Koziel, M. Korczynski, Z. Dobrzanski, R. Kolacz, B. Gutarowska. Odour reducing microbial-mineral additive for poultry manure treatment. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 2017, 11(3), 7. doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0928-4. Kenessov, B., J.A. Koziel, N. Baikakina, D. Orazbayeva. 2016. Perspectives and challenges of on-site quantification of organic pollutants in soils using solid-phase microextraction. Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 85, 111-122. Koziel, J.A. Successful grant-writing strategies for junior scientists: An American public university perspective. Higher School's Pulse, 2016, 10(4), 21-25. doi: 10.5604/20812021.1225356. Koziel J.A., T.S. Frana, H.K. Ahn, T.D. Glanville, L.T. Nguyen, H. van Leeuwen. 2017. Efficacy of NH3 as a secondary barrier treatment for inactivation of Salmonella Typhimurium and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in digestate of animal carcasses: Proof-of-concept. PLoS ONE, 2017, 12(5): e0176825. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176825. Koziel, J.A., Nguyen, L.T., T.D. Glanville, H.K. Ahn, T.S. Frana, J.H. van Leeuwen. 2017. Method for sampling and analysis of volatile biomarkers in process gas from aerobic digestion of poultry carcass using time-weighted average SPME and GC-MS. Food Chemistry, 232, 799-807. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.062. Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Murphy, J., & Maghirang, R. 2017. Source apportionment of ambient PM2.5 by using UNMIX and PMF at rural and urban site in Kansas. J. Environ. Sci. Under review. Liu, Z, Y. Liu, J. Murphy, and R. Maghirang. 2017. Contributions of Kansas rangeland burning to ambient O3: analysis of data from 2001 to 2016. Sci. Total Environ. Special issue: Health impact of wildland fire smoke exposure. Under review. Liu, Z, Y. Liu, J. Murphy, and R. Maghirang. 2017. Ammonia and methane emission factors from cattle operations expressed as losses of dietary nutrients or energy. Agriculture. 7(3),16; doi:10.3390/agriculture7030016. Liu, Z, Y. Liu, J. Murphy, and R. Maghirang. 2017. Estimating ambient ozone effect of Kansas rangeland burning with receptor modeling and regression analysis. Environments. (4)14; doi:10.3390. Liu, Z, Y. Liu, X. Shi, J. Murphy, and R. Maghirang. 2017. Enteric methane conversion factor for dairy and beef cattle: Effects of feed digestibility and intake level. Trans. ASABE. (60)2 459-464. Liu, Z, Y. Liu, X. Shi. J. Murphy, and R. Maghirang. 2017. Variations of ammonia emissions from cattle operations: Effects of temperature and dietary crude protein content. Trans. ASABE. (60)1: 215-227. Liu, Z., Murphy, J., Maghirang, R. and Devlin, D. 2016. Health and environmental impacts of smoke from vegetation fires: a review. J. Environ. Prot. 7, 1860-1885. doi: 10.4236/jep.2016.712148. Liu, Z, Y. Liu, R. Maghirang, D. Delvin, C. Blocksome. 2016. Estimate contributions of prescribed rangeland burning in Kansas to ambient PM2.5 through source apportionment with the Unmix receptor model. Trans. ASABE. 59(5). Maurer, D., J.A. Koziel, K. Bruning, D.B. Parker. 2017. Farm-scale testing of soybean peroxidase and calcium peroxide for surficial swine manure treatment and mitigation of odorous VOCs, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide emissions. Atmospheric Environment, 166, 467-478. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.07.048. Maurer, D., J.A. Koziel, K. Kalus, D. Andersen, S. Opalinski. 2017. Pilot-scale testing of non-activated biochar for swine manure treatment and mitigation of ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, odorous VOCs, and greenhouse gas emissions. Sustainability, 9(6), 929, doi: 10.3390/su9060929. Maurer, D., J.A. Koziel, K. Bruning. 2017. Field scale measurement of greenhouse gas emissions from land applied swine manure. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 2017, 11(3), 1, doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0915-9. Maurer, D., J.A. Koziel, K. Bruning, D.B. Parker. 2017. Pilot-scale testing of renewable biocatalyst for swine manure treatment and mitigation of odorous VOCs, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide gas emissions. Atmospheric Environment, 150, 313-321. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.11.021. Miller, C.M.. P.L. Price and D. Meyer. 2017.  Mass balance analyses of nutrients on California dairies to evaluate data quality for regulatory review. Science of the Total Environment 579 (2017) 37–46.    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.092 Onuki, S., J.A. Koziel, W.S. Jenks, L. Cai, D. Grewell, J.H. van Leeuwen. 2016. Taking ethanol quality beyond fuel grade: a review. Journal of the Institute of Brewing, 122(4), 588-598. doi: 10.1002/jib.364. Orazbayeva, D., B. Kenessov, J.A. Koziel, D. Nassyrova, N.V. Lyabukhova. 2017. Quantification of BTEX in soil by headspace SPME-GC-MS using combined standard addition and internal standard calibration. Chromatographia, 80(8), 1249-1256. doi: 10.1007/s10337-017-3340-0. Parker, D.B., M.B. Rhoades, B.H. Baek, J.A. Koziel, H.M. Waldrip, R.W. Todd. 2016. Urease inhibitor for reducing ammonia emissions from an open-lot beef cattle feedyard in the Texas High Plains. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 32(6), 823-832. doi: 10.13031/aea.32.11897. Shen, J. and J. Zhu. 2016. Kinetics of batch anaerobic co-digestion of poultry litter and wheat straw including a novel strategy of estimation of endogenous decay and yield coefficients using numerical integration. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering 39(10): 1553-1565. Soso, S.B., J.A. Koziel. 2017. Characterizing the scent and chemical composition of Panthera leo marking fluid using solid-phase microextraction and multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry. Scientific Reports, 7(1):5137. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-04973-2. Wu, S., J. Zhu, and L. Chen. 2017. Feeding schemes and C/N ratio of a laboratory-scale set-fed sequencing batch reactor for liquid swine manure treatment. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A (<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10934529.2017.1301748">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10934529.2017.1301748</a>) Zhu, W., J.A. Koziel, D.L. Maurer. 2017. Mitigation of livestock odors using a black light and a new titanium dioxide-based catalyst: proof-of-concept. Atmosphere, 8(6), 103. doi: 10.3390/atmos8060103. <h3>Conference Proceedings</h3> Brown, J.T., T.-T. Lim, J.M. Zulovich, C. Costello, 2017. Evaluation of mechanical scraper system finishing barn for solid-liquid separation. In: Annual International Meeting, ASABE Paper No. 1701558. St. Joseph, Mich.: ASABE. Spokane, Washington, July 16-19. Spokane, Washington. Chen, L., K. Kruger. 2017. Cultivation of duckweed on anaerobically digested dairy manure for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Proceedings of Waste to Worth 2017. Cary, North Carolina, April 17-21, 2017. (https://articles.extension.org/pages/74382/cultivation-of-duckweed-on-anaerobically-digested-dairy-manure-for-nitrogen-and-phosphorus-removal) De Haro-Marti, M.E., M. Chahine, H. Neibling, and L. Chen. 2017. Composting of dairy manure with the addition of zeolites to reduce ammonia emissions. Proceedings of Waste to Worth 2017. Cary, North Carolina, April 17-21, 2017. (https://articles.extension.org/pages/74395/composting-of-dairy-manure-with-the-addition-of-zeolites-to-reduce-ammonia-emissions) Dong, Y., Safferman, S. I., Tekesin, O., Sengupta, S., Schorr, J. R., and Revur, R. (2016). “Removal of Nutrients from Agricultural Drainage Water using Nano-Engineered Porous Ceramic Media.”  2016 Annual International ASABE Meeting, Orlando, Florida. Janni, K.A., L.D. Jacobson, S.L. Noll, C.J. Cardona, H.W. Martin A.E. Neu (2016) Engineering challenges and responses to the highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreak in Minnesota in 2015. ASABE Paper No. 162537392. ASABE, St. Joseph, MI, 49085. Janni, K.A., M. M. Torremorell, L.D. Jacobson, C. Alonso, B.P. Hetchler. (2017) Modeling airborne virus concentrations in filtered swine barns with negative-pressure ventilating systems. ASABE Paper No. 170058. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE. Karunarathne, S.A., M. Chung, J.A. Ogejo. Compartmental process-based model for estimating ammonia emission from liquid dairy manure storage tank ASABE paper No. 1701433. Spokane, WA, 2017. Kenessov, B., J.A. Koziel. 2017. Modelling of time-weighted average air sampling by retracted SPME fibers using COMSOL Multiphysics software. In the proceedings of the ExTech 2017 19th International Symposium of Advances in Extraction Technologies, Santiago de Compostela, June 2017. Lim, T.-T., J.T. Brown, J.M. Zulovich, C. Christine, 2017. Evaluation of a solid-liquid manure separation barn. In: Waste to Worth Conference. Cary, NC, April 18-21, 2017. Cary, NC. Liu, Y. and Z. Liu. Apportionment of visibility degradation to sources of PM2.5 in rural and urban Kansas. ASABE paper No. 1700420. Spokane, Washington. 2017. Liu, Z., Y. Liu, Ronaldo Maghirang. Contribution of Kansas pasture burning to ambient ozone. The 2nd International Smoke Symposium (ISS2), Long Beach, November, 2016. Liu, Z., Y. Liu. Contribution of Kansas pasture burning to ambient ozone: a combination of receptor modeling, time series and regression analysis. ASABE paper No. 162460949. Orlando, Florida, 2016. Liu, Y., Z. Liu. Source apportionment of ambient PM2.5 by using Unmix and PMF reception models at Flint Hills rural site and Kansas City urban site. ASABE paper No. 162447784. Orlando, Florida, 2016 Liu, Z, Y. Liu, R. Maghirang, D. Delvin, C. Blocksome. Estimate contributions of prescribed pasture burning in Kansas to ambient PM2.5 through source apportionment using Unmix receptor model. ASABE paper No. 162459373. Orlando, Florida, 2016. Maurer, D.L., J.A. Koziel, K. Bruning, D.B. Parker. 2017. Pilot-scale concept of real-time wind speed-matching wind tunnel for measurements of gaseous emissions. ASABE Paper #1701656. 2017 ASABE Annual International Meeting, Spokane, Washington, July, 2017. doi: 10.13031/aim.201701656. Maurer, D.L., J.A. Koziel, K. Bruning, D.B. Parker. 2017. Renewable biocatalyst for swine manure treatment and mitigation of odorous VOCs, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide emissions: Review. ASABE Paper #1701655. 2017 ASABE Annual International Meeting, Spokane, Washington, July, 2017. doi: 10.13031/aim.201701655. Rice, S., Tursumbayeva, M., Dharmadhikari, M., Fennel, A., Koziel, J.A. 2017. Effects of harvest time on aroma of wines made from Brianna and Frontenac Gris grapes using gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry and olfactometry. Presentation at the 42nd Annual Conference and Symposium of the American Society for Enology and Viticulture - Eastern Section; Charlottesville, VA, July, 2017. Shen, J., J. Zhu. 2016. Kinetics of biogas production in batch anaerobic co-digestion of poultry litter and wheat straw mixed with municipal wastewater. ASABE Annual International Meeting paper#: 162458093, Orlando, FL. July 17-20, 2016. Shen, J., J. Zhu. 2016. Biogas production in a biofilm reactor of a two-phase anaerobic digestion system from hydrolysate derived from poultry litter at different organic loadings and retention times. ASABE Annual International Meeting paper#: 162460548, Orlando, FL. July 17-20, 2016. Shen, J., J. Zhu. 2016. Development of a novel strategy for estimation of endogenous decay and yield coefficients in batch biogas production of anaerobic co-digestion of poultry litter and wheat straw using numerical integration. ASABE Annual International Meeting paper#: 162457488, Orlando, FL. July 17-20, 2016. Smith, J. S., Safferman, S. I., Costantini, L., and Ikeda, N. (2016). “Laboratory Investigation of Nutrient Fate during Winter Manure Application.” International ASABE Meeting, Orlando, Florida. Swaminathan, P., A. Fennell, K. Besler, Y. Yao, S. Rice, J. Koziel, M. Dharmadhikari, D. Maurer, E. Del Bel, Z. Vickers, K. Cook, A. Hegeman, J. Luby. Characterization of grape berry ripening - genomics to sensory. Ninth RECOMB/ISCB Conference on Regulatory & Systems Genomics, with DREAM Challenges & Cytoscape Workshop, Phoenix, AZ, November 2016. Tursumbayeva, M., J.A. Koziel, D.L. Maurer. 2017. Novel method for quantification of odorous volatiles in the air with solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. Presentation at the 129th Annual Meeting of the Iowa Academy of Science & 84th Iowa Junior Academy of Science Symposium, Cedar Falls, IA, April 2017. Wallace, J. and Safferman, S. (2015).  “Discharge Quality Water from Dairy Manure:  a Summary of the McLanahan Nutrient Separation System.” Waste 2 Worth 2015 Advancing Sustainability in Animal Agriculture, Seattle, Washington. Wang, H., T.-T. Lim, W. Wang, 2017. Feasibility of co-digesting swine manure with corn stover. In: Annual International Meeting, ASABE Paper No. 1701558. St. Joseph, Mich.: ASABE. Spokane, Washington, July 16-19. Spokane, Washington.   <h3>Thesis/Dissertations</h3> Madina Tursumbayeva. Simple and accurate quantification of odorous volatile organic compounds in air with solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. M.S. thesis.  Iowa State University, July 2017. Major professor = Jacek Koziel. <h3>Extension and Outreach</h3> Janni, K.A. 2016. Identifying Biosecurity Hazards by Considering Flows on Animal Farms. p.2. UM Extension. Online at http://www.extension.umn.edu/agriculture/poultry/biosecurity/beet/index.html Janni, K.A. 2016 Biosecure entry education trailer (BEET). p.2. UM Extension. Online at http://www.extension.umn.edu/agriculture/poultry/biosecurity/beet/index.html Liu, Z. 2017. A guide to composting animal manure. Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. Under review. Liu, Z. 2017. Design and management of biofilters for air pollution control in livestock facilities. Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. MF3387. Liu, Z. 2017. Diet and feed management to reduce gaseous emissions from livestock production: principles and practices. Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. MF3386. Liu, Z. 2017. National Air Quality Site Assessment Tool (NAQSAT) for livestock producers. Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. MF3367. Liu, Z. 2017. How much does Kansas rangeland burning contribute to ambient PM2.5? Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. MF3358. Liu, Z. 2017. How much does Kansas rangeland burning contribute to ambient ozone? Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. MF3357. <h3>Other</h3> Chen, L. 2016. Understand the 5 most influencing factors in composting manure. Progressive Dairyman November, 2016 (http://www.progressivedairy.com/topics/manure/understand-the-5-most-influencing-factors-in-composting-manure). Chen, L. 2016. Achieve maturity at the end of the manure composting process. Progressive Dairyman September, 2016 (http://www.progressivedairy.com/topics/manure/achieve-maturity-at-the-end-of-the-manure-composting-process). Janni, K.A. Enhancing Biosecurity Using Flow Analysis and Danish Entry Concepts. March 16, 2016. Midwest Poultry Convention. St. Paul, MN Janni, K.A. Biosecure Entry Adaptations. June 16, 2016. Minnesota Turkey Growers Association Summer Conference, Duluth, MN Janni, K.A. Prevention – Biosecurity Training, Plans and Execution. March 13 & 14, 2017. University of Missouri Extension Preventing and Responding to Disease Outbreak Workshops. Neosho and Buffalo, Missouri. Lim, T.-T. 2017. Static Pile Aeration. Bi-State Compost School by University of Illinois and University of Missouri. Belleville, IL. June 21-22, 2017. Lim, T.-T., C. Wang, A.J. Heber, N. Ji-Qin, L. Zhao, 2017. Effect of Electrostatic Precipiration on Particulate Matter Emissions from a high-rise layer house. In: Air Quality and Livestock Production. Australia: CRC Press. Eds., Banhazi, T., A. Aland, J. Hartung. (in press). Meyer, D. 2017. California Plant and Soil Conference. Poster presentation. January 31 – February 1, 2017 DoubleTree Hotel, 2233 Ventura Street, Fresno, CA 93721

Impact Statements

• Iowa: Nearly 20 peer-reviewed papers published. Most papers involved multidisciplinary, multistate, multiagency collaborations. One third of published papers have international collaborators. Soybean-based treatment in a form of pit manure additive for mitigation of odor and gaseous emissions was developed and tested on a farm-scale. Significant reduction of main odorants was observed with no significant change to greenhouse gases emissions. Estimated material cost of treatment is $1.45 per pig, equivalent of ∼0.8% of the pig market price. Black light treatment of odor and gaseous emissions from livestock operations was successfully moved from lab- to pilot scale tests. Key odorous compound responsible for the characteristic downwind odor (p-cresol) was reduced by 22%. Treatment reduced odor emissions by 16% and nitrous oxide (a greenhouse gas) emissions by 9%, respectively. Major progress was made on early detection of bovine infectious diseases in collaboration with scientists from the National Animal Disease Center in Ames, IA and USDA- APHIS-WS-National Wildlife Research Center in Fort Collins, CO. Tuberculosis-infected cattle can now be identified by gases emitted from their feces. Novel ‘aerobic-digestion & trench burial’ hybrid system was developed for biosecure and rapid disposal of infectious animal carcasses. Lab-scale research warrants field-scale studies.

Date of Annual Report: 08/23/2017

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 05/22/2017 - 05/24/2017
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2016 - 09/30/2017

Participants

Name Institution email
Alison Deviney N.C. State Univ. avdevine@ncsu.edu
Brent Auvermann Texas A&M b-auvermann@tamu.edu
Brooke Latack Michigan State Univ. latack@msu.edu
Chris Miller California Davis cmfmiller@ucdavis.edu
Deanne Meyer Californi Davis dmeyer@ucdavis.edu
Erin L. Cortus South Dakota State erin.cortus@sdstate.edu
Jactone A. Ogejo Virginia Tech arogo@vt.edu
John J. Classen N.C. State Univ. john_classen@ncsu.edu
Kevin Janni U. of Minnesota kjanni@umn.edu
Lide Chen U. of Idaho lchen@uidaho.edu
Luis F. Rodriguez University of Illinois lfr@illinois.edu
Richard Koelsch U. of Nebraska -Lincoln rkoelsch1@unl.edu
Robert E. DeOtte West Texas A&M Univ. rdeotte@wtamu.edu
Ron Lacewell Texas A&M r-lacewell@tamu.edu
Shannon Banner N.C. State Univ. sbcreaso@ncsu.edu
Wendy Powers Univ. of California wendy.powers@ucop.edu
Zifei Liu Kansas State Univ. zifeiliu@ksu.edu

Brief Summary of Minutes

Agenda:

Review of 2017 annual meeting

Timeline and writing team for the new project

Election of officers

Location and time for 2018 annual meeting

Webinars

Review of 2017 annual meeting

A total of 22 people attended the meeting on Tuesday and 17 people attended the business meeting on Wednesday. Participants agreed that the meeting worked well for the planned activities as following.

Monday (May 22):
- Tour of University of Nebraska research beef feedlot and introduction to beef systems and important characteristics of production – Galen Erickson (introductory information for Tuesday modeling exercise).
- Methane emissions field measurement for cattle – Thomas Winders
- ARS early warning system for earthen storage seepage – Bryan Woodbury

Tuesday (May 23):
- Review the current project objectives and status- Brent Auvermann
  - Disciplinary diversity
  - Synthesize our research
  - Interpretation of broader impacts of changes in animal systems
- Positioning the USMARC as a Model System for Antibiotic Resistance Transfer Research - Tommy Wheeler
- Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit: Approach to System Modeling of Nutrient Flow Through Agricultural Systems - Alan Rotz
- Assessing the long-term consequences of nitrogen and phosphorus losses from a grow-finish swine facility - Brooke Latack
- Break out groups to brainstorm assigned table question to show how we can link our individual research in animal protein production via the CLD. (Facilitators – Wendy, Bob, and Brent)
  - Group 1: Does an increase in animal protein production cause an increase in manure spreading?
  - Group 2: Are environmental regulations improving environmental Quality? What are the most powerful influences affecting the drive for environmental regulations?
  - Group 3: Can we squeeze more out of an animal without increasing consumer cost?
  - Group 4: What are the risk factors?
  - Group: 5: Effects of market.
- Wednesday (May 24):
  - Business meeting
  - INFEWS-ER updates and discussion on how to participate - Luis F. Rodriguez
  - New project rewrite discussions: How did participation in S1032 add value to your program? What are challenges in current proposal? What advances will we need?
    - Define metrics for sustainability,
    - Integrate INFEW-ER
    - Tools development sharing
    - Break out CLD into focused component
    - Data dictionary
    - Improved resource recovery
    - Soil health jeopardize feed production
    - Climate adaptation
    - Heat stress adaptation
    - New animal system design
    - Reengaging with CLD quarterly
    - Engaging with stakeholders

Timeline and writing team for the new project

Ron Lacewell noted that the new S1032 project should be submitted by February, 2018; and Dr. Wendy Powers will be the new project advisor for the S1032 project. A new project writing team needs to be formed and the draft of the new project should be made available around November, 2017.

The new project writing team: Deanne Meyer and Erin L. Cortus will be co-chairs of the writing team. John J. Classen, Luis F. Rodriguez, Richard Koelsch, Robert E. DeOtte, Jactone A. Ogejo, and Zifei Liu agreed to contribute to the writing.

Election of officers

Deanne Meyer nominated Kevin Janni for secretary. Robert E. DeOtte seconded. Kevin Janni agreed and was unanimously elected.

Officials for 2016/2017: Chair – Erin Cortus; Vice chair – Zifei Liu; Secretary – Kevin Janni; Past chair – Jactone A. Ogejo.

Location and time for 2018 annual meeting

Location: Washington DC. It was expected NIFA official may show up, and a visit to ARS may be arranged during the 2018 annual meeting.

Time: 2nd week in May or 2nd week of June, to be decided. Need to avoid the vacation season.

Host for the 2018 annual meeting at DC: to be decided.

Webinars

Members agreed to have regular monthly webinars starting in September 2017. Zifei Liu agreed to continue to set up ZOOM meeting for monthly webinar as usual.

Topics suggested
- September: NIFA contact to moderate a session
- October: Richard Koelsch.will lead a seminar regarding sustainability, food supply chain industry
- November: New faculty in NCSU and John Classen to lead a session
- December: CLD review, John Classen to lead

Meeting was adjourned at 8:25 am

Accomplishments

The accomplishments (collective and state based) for this reporting period are listed by the projects’ three objectives below. The participating states and respective principal investigators (PIs) are listed in Table 1.   Objective 1: Engage collaborators from needed broad range of disciplines, institutions, and stakeholder groups to catalyze conceptual and quantitative synthesis, collaboration, and data sharing.   Planned activities to accomplish this objective include: provide more learning and idea generation opportunities by increasing regular interactions among project participants using webinars and annual meeting format that allows structured analysis and discussions to achieve the goals of the group. Between June 2016 and May 2017, project participants completed the activities listed below towards this objective. <ul> <li>The webinar series provided opportunities for learning, idea generation and collaborator identification. There were a total of eight webinars with 11 to 19 participants per webinar. <ul> <li>August 09, 2016. Topics and schedule for 2016-2017 webinars were discussed through “AgriLife WebEx meeting”. Purpose and maintenance of S1032 website were discussed. There were thirteen participants.</li> <li>September 06, 2016. Project participants discussed potential funding sources/strategies for S1032 group to consider. Deanne Meyer introduced USDA Climate change RFA. Rick Koelsch reviewed AFRI Competitive Grants Program. John Classen introduced NSF research traineeship program. There were sixteen participants.</li> <li>October 04, 2016. Brent Auvermann presented progress in refining the CLD – focus on two examples to highlight latent variables concept and clarify units of measurement. Some variable structures for modeling poultry &livestock systems using object-oriented programming were proposed. There were twelve participants.</li> <li>November 08, 2016. Wendy Powers lead conversation of new S1032 project rewrite/renewal timeline and objectives. There were eleven participants.</li> <li>December 06, 2017. Luis F. Rodríguez presented the first quarterly review of “the INFEWS-ER” grant: a virtual resource center enabling graduate innovations at the nexus of food, energy, and water systems. There were nineteen participants.</li> <li>January 10, 2017. Deanne Meyer presented on data harmonization effort. There were eleven participants.</li> <li>March 07, 2017. Dr. Ben Turner from Texas A&M University-Kingsville presented on his recently published work “A systems approach to forecast agricultural land transformation and soil environmental risk from economic, policy, and cultural scenarios in the north central United States (2012–2062)”.</li> <li>April 11, 2017. Ezra Kahn and Peter Arbuckle from National Agricultural Library provided a presentation/updates on their digital commons work – a topic related to our efforts on data harmonization in general. The planning committee finalized the agenda for the S1032 annual meeting.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td width="66"> State </td> <td width="96"> Name </td> <td width="114"> CLD – Node/Loop </td> <td width="348"> Data/Resources </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Arkansas </td> <td width="96"> Jun Zhu </td> <td width="114"> B14, B19, B15 </td> <td width="348"> Data to develop a cost effective advanced anaerobic digester system that uses dry poultry litter as feedstock </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" width="66"> California </td> <td width="96"> Deanne Meyer </td> <td width="114"> R10, B11, B12, B13, B14, B15, B19, R18 </td> <td width="348"> Lagoons, feed, solid separation, biodigesters, flow (of solids, and nutrients) through commercial dairy operations </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Ruihong Zhang </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Wendy Powers </td> <td width="114"> B14, B15, B21, B26, R10, R25 </td> <td width="348"> Feed, production, excretion, pasture + soil GHG </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Idaho </td> <td width="96"> Lide Chen </td> <td width="114"> B13, B15, B19 </td> <td width="348"> Biodigesters, air quality </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="66"> Illinois </td> <td width="96"> Luis F. Rodriguez </td> <td width="114"> B4, B5, B11, B14, B15 </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Xinlei Wang </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="66"> Indiana </td> <td width="96"> T. Applegate </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Albert Heber </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Iowa </td> <td width="96"> Jacek A. Koziel </td> <td width="114"> B14, B15, R10, B11, B12 </td> <td width="348"> NAEMS data, AMPAT database on performance of odor, gas and dust emissions control technologies for livestock operations, Air Quality Laboratory, Olfactometry Laboratory. Lab-, pilot-, farm-scale set-ups for development and testing of emissions mitigation technologies.  </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Kansas </td> <td width="96"> Zifei Liu </td> <td width="114"> B15, GHG </td> <td width="348"> Vegetative buffers and UV to reduce air pollutants from livestock facilities; Meta-analysis of NH4 and CH4 emissions from cattle operations; Estimating contributions of agricultural sources to air quality (PM2.5 and O3) through receptor modeling </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Kentucky </td> <td width="96"> Joseph Taraba </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="66"> Michigan </td> <td width="96"> Amor Ines </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Steven Safferman </td> <td width="114"> B13, B14, B15, B18, B19 </td> <td width="348"> Biodigesters, biomass feedstock </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="66"> Minnesota </td> <td width="96"> Kevin Janni </td> <td width="114"> R18, R19, B15 </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Larry Jacobson </td> <td width="114"> R18, B19, B15, GHG </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Mississippi </td> <td width="96"> John C. Schneider </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Missouri </td> <td width="96"> Teng Lim </td> <td width="114"> B17, B19, R10, R18 </td> <td width="348"> Manure management, air quality, and degradation of antimicrobials. </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="66"> Nebraska </td> <td width="96"> Amy M. Schmidt </td> <td width="114"> R10, B14, B16 </td> <td width="348"> Soil health; fate of nutrients, AMR bacteria, steroid hormones </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Rick Koelsch </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="66"> North Carolina </td> <td width="96"> Edward L. Kick </td> <td width="114"> R28, B21, B19 </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> John J. Classen </td> <td width="114"> R28, B12, B13, B15, B26, B29, B30 </td> <td width="348"> Ammonia recovery, characteristics of scraped manure </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> North Dakota </td> <td width="96"> Shafiqur Rahman </td> <td width="114">  R18, B15 </td> <td width="348"> Greenhouse gas, air quality </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Ohio </td> <td width="96"> Lingying Zhao </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> South Dakota </td> <td width="96"> Erin L. Cortus </td> <td width="114"> R10, B11, B15, GHG </td> <td width="348"> NAEMS data, Confined beef cattle facility emission data, bedded manure packs; information transfer mechanisms </td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6" width="66"> Texas   </td> <td width="96"> Brent Auvermann </td> <td width="114"> All; B26, R10, B14, B15, B17, R18, B19 </td> <td width="348"> Land application of manure; dust, visibility, and bioaerosols; human health; antimicrobial resistance; Stella/Vensim models; beef LCA; biofuel feedstock characterization; compost characterization </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Kenneth D. Casey </td> <td width="114"> B14, B15, B17, GHG </td> <td width="348"> Emission data for NH3 and H2S from beef cattle feedlots, and H2S from open-lot dairy corrals. NAEMS data for OK4B Site. Emission data for N2O, CH4 and CO2 from the manure pack at beef cattle feedlots and open-lot dairy corrals. Water use data for feedyards and dairies. </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Robert E. DeOtte </td> <td width="114"> B14, Food Security </td> <td width="348"> Data on water conservation in meat packing plants, results of workshops on secure beef cattle production, biosecurity plans and continuity of operations plans for beef cattle production. </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Marty Rhoades </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Jovana Vukovic </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="96"> Brigette Guerrero </td> <td width="114">   </td> <td width="348">   </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="66"> Virginia </td> <td width="96"> Jactone A. Ogejo </td> <td width="114"> B13, B14, B15, B19 </td> <td width="348"> Lagoon, biodigesters </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <ul> <li></li> <li></li> <li></li> <li>The 2017 S1032 Annual Meeting was held in 219 LW Chase Hall, University of Nebraska’s East Campus, Nebraska, May 22-24, 2017. The meeting was hosted by Richard Koelsch. The meeting consisted of a tour of University of Nebraska research beef feedlot on Monday (May 22). A total of 22 people attended the meeting on Tuesday (May 23). Tuesday’s program include three presentations: (Positioning the USMARC as a Model System for Antibiotic Resistance Transfer Research - Tommy Wheeler; Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit: Approach to System Modeling of Nutrient Flow Through Agricultural Systems - Alan Rotz; Assessing the long-term consequences of nitrogen and phosphorus losses from a grow-finish swine facility - Brooke Latack); group discussions for reviewing the current project objectives and status; and breaking out groups to brainstorm assigned questions to show how we can link our individual research in animal protein production via the CLD. A total of 17 people attended the business meeting on Wednesday (May 24). Luis F. Rodriguez provided INFEWS-ER updates and discussion on how to participate. As part of the business meeting, the new project writing team was identified. Members agreed to continue monthly webinars starting from September 2017, and to have the 2018 meeting in Washington DC.   </li> <li>Brent Auvermann and Rick Koelsch initiated weekly proposal-development web-conferences for the S1032 group in fall of 2016. AFRI priorities and proposal ideas were discussed. Weather variability and a changing climate creates critical vulnerabilities for animal feeding operations was identified as one topic. Examples of those vulnerabilities include: animal feed supply disruptions, increasing animal stress due to increasing temperatures and wet periods, greater risks to storage of manure, increasing disease/health risks for animals and human, extreme events disrupting and displacing AFOs and their managers, inability to recycle nutrients through land application systems.</li> <li>On behalf of S1032, Deanne Meyer from UC Davis worked with Carol Barford from the University of Wisconsin on a dairy data dictionary to move the group toward data harmonization. One webinar was devoted to an update of data harmonization progress and had participation from National Ag Library staff and U. Wisconsin on a monthly webinar. Deanne Meyer also participated in the NSF INFEWS PI meeting.</li> <li>Steven Safferman from Michigan State University is preparing a comprehensive literature review on winter manure application and soil health in conjunction with the North Central Water Network and Soil Health Institute. As part of the effort, an annotated bibliography of all related articles will be prepared and housed on the new Soil Health Institute Landscape Tool. Last literature review was published over 10 years ago.</li> <li>Teng Lim from University of Missouri is conducting a small project that assembles and analyzes soil health variable and land application of manure data, and compare the findings with a set of field plot data that are more controlled and replicated over the years. Key variables indicating soil health include water-stable aggregates, bulk density, and organic/active carbon.</li> <li>Erin Cortus engaged in a grant proposal that leveraged S1032 goals and collaborations, as well as connections with the INFEWS-ER Project (PI Rodriguez). This grant proposal engaged investigators outside of S1032 in the disciplines of natural resource management, agricultural economics and agricultural education. The proposal was titled “Curriculum Development for Wicked Problem Solving”, led by Dr. Benjamin Turner (Texas A&M University Kingsville). The proposal status is Under Review.</li> <li>Jacek Koziel made major progress to solve the livestock odor problem. A bio-based, soybean-derived, mitigates ammonia emissions up to 68%, major odorous volatiles up to 90%, without significant increase in nitrous oxide emissions. (2) “INFEWS/T4: The INFEWS-ER: a Virtual Resource Center Enabling Graduate Innovations at the Nexus of Food, Energy, and Water Systems” (Jan 2017 – Dec 2020) project was initiated (Koziel, co-PI). (3) Novel ‘aerobic-digestion & trench burial’ hybrid system was developed for biosecure and rapid disposal of infectious animal carcasses.  Lab-scale research warrants field-scale studies. </li> <li>Shafiqur Rahman, North Dakota State University is working with nanoparticles in mitigating hydrogen sulfide and greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, Alginate-nZnO beads or bare nZnO proved to be an effective NP in reducing H2S (up to 99%), CH4 (49-72%); and CO2 (46-62%) from manure stored under anaerobic conditions and these reductions are likely due to the microbial inhibitory effect from nZnO, as well as chemical conversion. Both SEM-EDS and XPS analysis confirmed the presence of zinc sulfide (ZnS) in the beads, which is likely formed by reacting nZnO with H2</li> <li>Luis Rodriguez, Illinois, is the PI of the NSF INFEWS project entitled, “INFEWS/T4: The INFEWS-ER: a Virtual Resource Center Enabling Graduate Innovations at the Nexus of Food, Energy, and Water Systems”. The project has hosted a kick off meeting in April 2017. The members of S-1032 represent most INFEWS-ER steering committee membership. The project management team is in the process of recruiting participanting Faculy Fellows and Graduate Students to develop and enjoy learning modules. The INFEWS-ER is developing a website for hosting of learning modules targeting the development of graduate training in transdisciplinary food, energy, and water research. The inaugural symposia is tentatively schedules to occur in February of 2018.</li> </ul>   Objective 2. Facilitate organization, synthesis, and integration of component-based research findings and supporting data. The underlying premise of this objective is that project participants collaborate or work together in teams to build a component(s) of the relational aspects of animal protein production presented in the CLD. Participants will make/share data available to support the CLD work via a publicly accessible database.    Planned activities to meet this objective include: (1) identifying the types of data participants have or being generated in their current work and (2) designing and hosting a publicly accessible database for sharing project data by participants to facilitate development/integration of system components outlined in the CLD (figure 1). The accomplishments towards achieving this objective include: <ul> <li>Project participants continue to identify and update the nodes relevant to their work and also indicated sets of data they have available to share, as listed in table 1.</li> <li>Some examples of specific data available and/or current research activities by project participants to generate data for potential use in completing the CLD are listed below. <ul> <li>Arkansas: Jun Zhu’s group continued their research on anaerobic digestion of poultry litter to produce renewable energy with focus on developing kinetic models to describe the digestion process. The Gompertz model was used and modified based on the experimental data and a new kinetic model was developed. The group still are working on the cleanup methods/technology in water recycling because this is still the major bottleneck for treating poultry litter using anaerobic digestion. Avoiding adding a large amount of water to litter to make it a liquid for the process has not made much progress. New methods such as non-thermal plasma technology, may need to be looked at to reduce the contaminants in the effluent water from the digester so that it can be recycled back to the digester. Other water cleaning technologies will also be investigated as well.</li> <li>California: Deanne Meyer and Carol Barford are currently interacting with French scientists who developed Animal Trait Ontology for Livestock. https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/ATOL. A separate dictionary is used by pork ISIC (http://unstats.un.org/unsd/cr/registry/regcst.asp?Cl=27).</li> <li>Iowa: Researchers led by Koziel continued to improve four mitigation technologies for odor and gaseous emissions from swine and poultry operations. Development and testing follows gated approach from lab- to pilot-, and finally to farm-scales.  (1) Soybean-based treatment in a form of pit manure additive was tested on farm-scale. Non-sulfur VOC emissions were reduced by 36%. Ammonia emissions were reduced by 22%. Hydrogen sulfide emissions were reduced by 80%. No significant change to greenhouse gases emissions were observed. Estimated material cost of treatment is $1.45 per pig, equivalent of &sim;8% of the pig market price.  (2) Biochar was tested on a pilot-scale as a pit manure additive.  Significant reductions in emissions were observed for ammonia (12.7–22.6%). Concomitantly, significant increases in methane emissions (22.1–24.5%) were measured. (3) Black light was tested on both laboratory and pilot-scale at a swine operation.  Treatment reduced p-cresol emissions by 22%. Treatment reduced odor emissions by 16%. Treatment reduced nitrous oxide (a greenhouse gas) emissions by 9%. (4) Microbial-mineral treatment for surficial application to poultry manure was tested.  Reduction levels of odorous volatile organic compounds was between 9% and 96% for microbial-mineral additive, depending on the analyzed compound.</li> <li>Idaho: Lide Chen’s team focused on mitigating gas emissions from manure application lands by using filtration/low sprinkler head irrigation and manure nutrient recycle by solid separation. They also conducted nutrient uptake research for which duckweed strains were cultivated on anaerobically digested dairy manure. Both lab and on-farm tests have been carried out. Preliminary data analysis has been conducted.</li> <li>Kansas: Zifei Liu’s group conducted a comprehensive review of life cycle assessment on carbon footprint of beef production in the US. The study will offer (1) an initial critical review on types of LCA methodology and allocation method used, the scope, scale and system boundary defined in the LCA applications in beef production; (2) an LCA comparison of different beef systems; (3) a ranging of results on carbon footprint of beef production based on conditions of the US beef production, trends in various indicators and the current data gap. Results of the LCA will be expressed in the unit of carbon footprint per kg product, and the main sources of uncertainty in the results will be identified. The results will provide a better understanding of the whole-farm greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from beef production, including emissions from feed production, from the enteric fermentation of the cattle, from the cattle's waste, and from processing and transportation, and the relative contributions of different system components.</li> <li>Michigan: Steven Safferman is maintaining online, publically available decision support tools to convert animal waste into a resource. Specifically, the Michigan Waste Biomass Inventory to Support Renewable Energy (Inventory) maps organic wastes in Michigan and conducts preliminary energy modeling. Included in the Inventory is manure from animal agriculture facilities. The Anaerobic Digestion Development Iterative Tool and the Combustion Renewable Energy Development Iterative Tool are companion tools to model the economic, renewable energy production, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction from blended feedstocks. Research is conducted on the development of a holistic phosphorus fate and transport index that includes consideration of manure application during different seasons. A major goal is to identify site-specific best management practices that maximize beneficial nutrient utilization while minimizing runoff.  The research entails modeling the complex system using Hydrus and running various scenarios, typical of the Great Lakes states, to establish the index.</li> <li>Minnesota: A multidisciplinary team is conducting several research and demonstration projects with the overall goal to identify major energy uses for swine and dairy production and identify renewable energy options to replace fossil fuels (B19). The team measured energy use on two dairy and swine farms. They installed photovoltaic solar systems and monitored their energy production. Data collection and analysis is ongoing. New projects to install another photovoltaic system and provide sow cooling and piglet heating were funded.</li> <li>South Dakota: South Dakota has been working with colleagues at North Dakota State University and several centers of the USDA-ARS to collect and aggregate environmental and production data for confinement cattle operations in the Northern Great Plains. The data are being integrated into (through validation of or alterations to) the Integrated Farm System Model (v4, Rotz et al, 2016). This model incorporates multiple loops and nodes indicated in Figure 1 including, but not limited to B4, B5, B11 and R10. Initial simulations of cattle feeding systems (open lot, bedded pack) of varying capacities (750, 1500, 5000) in multiple locations in ND, SD and NE have been simulated for both current and projected climate conditions. The initial simulations provide a baseline for both system understanding and model evaluation.</li> <li>Virginia Tech worked on developing a compartmental based processed based model to improve the accuracy of estimating aerial emissions from stored dairy manure. The model estimates (i) spatial variation of temperature and substrate concentration (ii) spatial variations and rates of biogeochemical processes, and (iii) production and emission of ammonia from a liquid manure storage tank. Model performance was evaluated using experimental data obtained from National Air Emissions Monitoring Study. A sensitivity analysis was performed and air temperature, manure pH, wind speed, and manure total ammoniacal nitrogen concentration were identified as the most sensitive model inputs. Model simulations were run to estimate ammonia emission under different management and weather scenarios: two different manure storage periods in cold season from November to April and in warm season from May to October using historical weather data of the Rockingham County.</li> </ul> </li> </ul>   Objective 3. Discover (reveal), substantiate, and interpret the broader impacts of component-level modifications to animal production systems.   In Arkansas, the results from research provide new knowledge and useful information based on which further investigation of using liquid anaerobic digestion technology to treat a solid waste substrate such as poultry litter can be planned. The kinetic models developed can be applied to simulate the digestion process without having to conduct actual experiments, thus saving research costs while still obtaining important information on the performance of the digestion process so that better operating strategies can be explored and experimented. The ultimate product will be a better digestion technology that can be implemented at farm level for poultry producers to handle/abate the nutrients in poultry litter to reduce the environmental liability of their productions.   In California, annual report data quality submitted by dairy farmers was evaluated by determining if reported values were consistent with mass balance analyses of 1) excreted nutrients and, 2) land-applied N. This study compared the sum of excreted nutrients to that of applied and exported nutrients submitted in annual reports and used simulations to determine if reported N-application rates were reflective of existing agronomic limitations.  Findings indicate opportunities for improvement likely exist in quantification of solid or liquid manure applied to land or plant material harvested from land. Additionally, opportunities for improvement in obtaining a representative sample likely exist. Progress is being made to define uncertainty introduced at farm level to determine amount of N, P, and K, removed from (as crops) fields where manure was applied.  Each load of chopped forage from nine fields (3 each planted in corn, sorghum and cereal forages) was weighed and sampled for moisture and nutrient composition.  This detailed dataset is useful to identify how different sampling protocols impact uncertainty of the answer. Work has begun to measure total and volatile solids as well as nutrient flows through commercial dairy operations (n=4 or 5).  This is a one year field project. It will provide data to evaluate.  Modification of previously developed eLearning decision support system occurred to aid dairy operators and consultants understand importance of collecting representative samples and quantification of material applied to land and removed as crops.   In Minnesota, a multidisciplinary team has developed educational materials and tools to convey critical concepts to enhance biosecurity for poultry and swine production facilities. A Biosecure Entry Education Trailer (BEET) was developed and videos produced to demonstrate key principles of Danish Entries. The BEET has been used with veterinary students, FFA members, company employees and producers. Presentations were made to producers groups in Minnesota and Missouri. In Minnesota, many sow barns use filter all air coming through inlets to reduce the airborne spread of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Recent research reported leakage rates for sow barns. A model was developed to estimate indoor virus concentrations in a leaky sow barn with filtered inlets and a negative-pressure ventilation system.   In Iowa, Soybean-based treatment in a form of pit manure additive for mitigation of odor and gaseous emissions was developed and tested on a farm-scale. Significant reduction of main odorants was observed with no significant change to greenhouse gases emissions. Estimated material cost of treatment is $1.45 per pig, equivalent of &sim;0.8% of the pig market price. Major advances were made to move black light treatment of odor and gaseous emissions from lab- to pilot-scale.  Emissions of odor and one key greenhouse gas were reduced.

Publications

Impact Statements

• Iowa: Nearly 20 peer-reviewed papers published. Most papers involved multidisciplinary, multistate, multiagency collaborations. One third of published papers have international collaborators. Soybean-based treatment in a form of pit manure additive for mitigation of odor and gaseous emissions was developed and tested on a farm-scale. Significant reduction of main odorants was observed with no significant change to greenhouse gases emissions. Estimated material cost of treatment is $1.45 per pig, equivalent of ∼0.8% of the pig market price. Black light treatment of odor and gaseous emissions from livestock operations was successfully moved from lab- to pilot scale tests. Key odorous compound responsible for the characteristic downwind odor (p-cresol) was reduced by 22%. Treatment reduced odor emissions by 16% and nitrous oxide (a greenhouse gas) emissions by 9%, respectively. Major progress was made on early detection of bovine infectious diseases in collaboration with scientists from the National Animal Disease Center in Ames, IA and USDA- APHIS-WS-National Wildlife Research Center in Fort Collins, CO. Tuberculosis-infected cattle can now be identified by gases emitted from their feces. Novel ‘aerobic-digestion & trench burial’ hybrid system was developed for biosecure and rapid disposal of infectious animal carcasses. Lab-scale research warrants field-scale studies.

Date of Annual Report: 07/21/2018

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 05/21/2018 - 05/22/2018
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2017 - 09/30/2018

Participants

Brief Summary of Minutes

The 2018 S1032 Annual Meeting was held in Room 1410B, USDA-NIFA, Waterfront Centre, 800 9th Street, SW, Washington, DC, May 21-22, 2018.

The meeting was chaired by Erin Cortus. Fourteen project members attended the meeting. Project officers for 2018-19 will be: Zifei Liu; Chair; Kevin Janni; Vice chair; Lide Chen, Secretary; and Erin Cortus, Past chair. Their terms begin October 1, 2018. Plans for the annual and final project report were discussed. Ideas for a submitting a conference grant, plans for publicizing the new committee, website updates and plans for future webinars were discussed.

After the business meeting several USDA NIFA National Program Leaders made interesting presentations on program opportunities. Presenters included: Steven Smith, Charotte Kirk Baer, Peter Johnson, Wesley Dean, Lakshmi Matukumalli, Karelyn Cruz and Steve Thompson.

Ron Lacewell provided an Administrative Advisor update. His contributions to the committee over many years was recognized and celebrated.

An Impact Writing Workshop led by Sara Delheimer was given at the Annual S1032 meeting. Project members were broken into three groups and tasked with drafting impact statements. The statements were presented and critiqued.

Luis Rodriguez provided an update on the INFEWS-ER project. The project is developing a virtual resource center supporting research and education in the interdisciplinary field of Food, Energy, and Water Systems. IFEWS-ER will establish a transdisciplinary virtual resource center for engaging graduate students from across multiple institutions to address complex problems in food, energy and water systems. Faculty can participate by developing Toolbox Modules or submitting Cohort Challenges. Faculty and students interested in participating in the project are encouraged to complete the INFEWS-ER form at https://tinyurl.com/INFEWS-ER.

Three small committees met to discuss committee communications or evaluation. They reported recommendations to the project members.

The accomplishments (collective and state based) for this reporting period are listed by the project’s three objectives below. The participating states and respective principal investigators (PIs) are listed in Table 1.

Minutes Attachment:

2018 S1032 Annual Report Revised 13Jul18.pdf

Accomplishments

2017-18 Annual Impacts <ol> <ol> <li>Arkansas: Work continued on understanding the technical details of anaerobic digestion of poultry litter. The work focused on determining the relationship between total solids and digestion efficiency and the free ammonia concentration that inhibited poultry litter digestion. The results will give poultry producers the ability to generate renewable energy and options for handing poultry litter.</li> <li>California: An improved chopped forage sampling protocol was developed. Educational programs improved the understanding of the forage sampling protocol and the variability in nutrient accounting. The improved protocol and the greater understanding will improve nutrient management planning and water quality.</li> <li>Iowa: Thirty eight swine lagoons were covered for methane capture and development of biomass-to-methane anaerobic digestion. Over 5000 livestock producer learned about how to change manure application rates to maximize nitrogen use.</li> <li>Michigan: Demonstrated an enhanced soil phosphorus holding capacity index for evaluating the site-specific effectiveness of best management practices.</li> <li>Minnesota: More data related to beef manure nutrient fertilizer value and losses, and barn environment conditions was collected to build a stronger information base for decisions made by producers, government staff, private industry, and University/Extension members. Biosecurity is important for animal producers large and small. Over 300 people have been directly reached with the Biosecure Entry Education Trailer.</li> <li>Nebraska: The Manure and Soil Health (MaSH) program held roundtables, published three whiter papers and a blog. The 383 roundtable participants influence decisions on more than 48,000 total farms over a one-year period. Eighty seven percent of the round table participants indicated that they gained new knowledge or knowledge that added value to what they already knew. The overall impact of the MaSH program will lead to changes in manure and soil management practices.</li> </ol> </ol> <ul> <li>North Dakota: Research results have improved our understanding of gaseous emissions from swine manure and how emissions can be managed using nanoparticles. The results will lead to new technologies for managing gas emissions and odors from swine operations.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Texas: Research results have improved our understanding of nitrous oxide emissions from beef cattle feed yards and open-lot dairy operations. The results will potentially lead to new targeted mitigation strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for feedlots. The work was related to CLD node B15 and air quality.</li> </ul>     Overall Project Impacts 2013-18 <ol> <li>Finding and using the best available data is an ongoing challenge. A successful webinar series exposed project members to modelling and data sharing experiences in the crop production sector, which resulted in collaborations that incorporated livestock manure data in these existing databases.</li> <li>Challenges that sustainable animal production systems need to address in the future need the next generation of social and physical scientists to be capable of dealing with problems that involve trans-disciplinary environments and analyses. Multiple S-1032 members are leaders and participants of a National Science Foundation (NSF) funded project to develop a virtual resource center supporting research and education in the interdisciplinary field of Food, Energy, and Water Systems (IFEWS-ER). The IFEWS-ER transdisciplinary virtual resource center will engage graduate students from multiple institutions to address complex problems in food, energy and water systems. Faculty can develop Toolbox Modules or submit Cohort Challenges. Faculty and students participating in the project are developing the skills and experiences to address complex multidisciplinary problems in sustainable animal production.</li> <li>Uniform terminology with clear definitions is essential when working across disciplinary lines and multiple stakeholders. S-1032 project members collaborated with researchers around the world using multimedia to better understand data dictionaries, data sharing and the USDA digital data commons library. The knowledge gained produced harmonized definitions for a data dictionary that applies across multidisciplinary groups. The uniform terminology will allow data users to access much more data and more reliable data for analysis and use to enhance sustainable protein production systems.</li> <li>Understanding manure generation and land application data quality and its variability is essential for balancing nutrients for crop production and protecting groundwater quality. Multiple S-1032 members conducted research, developed online tools and held educational events for producers, government staff, industry, and University/Extension members to improve crop and manure sample collection, feedstuff and manure nutrient assessment and land application information. These efforts will improve the practices used for nutrient management and protecting surface and groundwater resources.</li> <li>Land applying manure impacts nutrient retention, crop use, soil health and air quality. Comprehensive literature reviews, numerous research projects and educational programs were conducted by S-1032 members and collaborators from multiple states. The information gathered has identified critical factors and improved the global scientific understanding of the fate and transport of nutrients, pathogens, and pharmaceuticals applied to crops. Literature reviews helped to quantify runoff risks under winter conditions.</li> <li>Odors and other gaseous emissions from animal feeding operations and land applied manures continue to be sources of conflict. S-1032 members and international collaborators conducted a literature review and numerous research studies to test techniques to reduce gaseous emissions. Studies involved using nanoparticles, a soybean based manure pit additive, biochar, black light, ultraviolet light, vegetative environmental buffers, and a microbial-mineral treatment. Technically successful and economical techniques were identified. Development of field-scale studies continues.</li> <li>Food security is a critical concern for millions of people around the world. Data on over 50 variables from sources around the world, including the World Bank, were analyzed to identify national conditions and resources such as biome strength, political capital, economic capital, infrastructure and natural resources that impact food productivity and security. Results indicated that agricultural productivity did not determine food security/insecurity. Biome strength, political capital as well as economics impacted food security. Internal corruption and external forces were factors too. Food security for millions of people can be improved by stable democratic governments and programs that reduce food waste.</li> <li>Animal manures can be mixed with other organic wastes to generate renewable energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. S-1032 members have developed and maintain online tools to inventory biomass materials and energy modeling to support renewable energy production in Michigan. The suite of tools can model the economic, renewable energy production, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction from blended feedstocks.</li> <li>Poultry raised on litter are an important sustainable protein source. The litter is a potential resource for generating renewable energy if optimal conditions for anaerobic digestion can be identified. S-1032 members have conducted numerous studies to identify the carbon to nitrogen ratios, total solids levels and free ammonia nitrogen concentrations to enhance methane gas production. Research results are anticipated to lead to the development of on-farm anaerobic digestion of poultry litter for generating renewable energy and nutrient recycling.</li> <li>Effective biosecurity practices and rapid disease diagnosis is critical to maintaining a safe and continuous food supply. S-1032 members have developed and offered educational programs on biosecurity practices to reduce disease outbreaks and spread. An S-1032 member collaborated with scientists with the National Animal Disease Center and the National Wildlife Research Center to identify biomarkers for important infectious diseases. Fast and non-invasive disease detection can improve animal-side diagnostics to better identify and manage important infectious diseases in animal feeding operations.</li> </ol>

Publications

<h3>Journal Articles</h3> Andersen, D.S., Yang, F. Trabue, S., Kerr, B., How. A. 2018. Narsin as a manure additive to reduce methane production from swine manure. Trans. of the ASABE (In Press). Borhan, M.S., S. Rahman, and N. Sarker. 2017. Dry scrubbing of hydrogen sulfide gas using nano zinc oxide coated glass beads. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 33(3): 407- 418. Cortus, E.L., B. Kasu, J. Jaquet, N. Embertson, A. Schmidt, T.T. Lim and J. Heemstra. 2017. Relevant information sources in the vast and complex manure nutrient management network. Journal of Extension 56(3), Article 3FEA6. Available at: https://www.joe.org/joe/2018june/a6.php Gautam, D. P., S. Rahman, A. Fortuna, M. S. Borhan, B. Saini-Eidukat, and A. N. Bezbaruah. 2017. Characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) alginate beads in reducing gaseous emission from swine manure. Environmental Technology, 38(9): 1061- 1074 Jadhav, H.T., Hoff, S.J., Harmon, J.D., Alvarex, I. Andersen, D.S., Passe, U. 2018. Swine finishing room air infiltration: Part 1. Quantification and Prediction. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 34(2): 413-424. Janni, K.A., M. M. Torremorell, L.D. Jacobson, C. Alonso, B.P. Hetchler. 2018. Modeling airborne virus concentrations in filtered swine barns with negative-pressure ventilating systems. Trans of ASABE 61(3):1089-1099 doi.org/10.13031/trans.12561. Kerr, B.J., Trabue, S.L., Van Weelden, M.B., Andersen, D.S., & Pepple, L.M. 2018. Impact of narasin on manure composition, microbial ecology, and gas emissions from finishing pigs fed either a corn-soybean meal or a corn-soybean meal-dried distillers grans with solubles diets. J. of Animal Science 96(4): 1317-1329. Kick, E.L., Tiezzi, F., & Pena, P. (2017) Food Production or Food Distribution: The Key to Global Food Security. Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 16: 1-17. Kick, E.L., Burns, T., & McKinney, L. (2017) The Coupling Effects of World-System Position and National Capitals on Relative Economic Growth in Developing Countries”. Agricultural Research and Technology 11: 1-15. Kick, E.L. (2017) The Participation of Diverse Faculty and Graduate Students in U.S. Engineering Programs Implications for Future Agricultural Technology”. Agricultural Research and Technology 9: 1-5. Kick, E.L., Zering, K. & Classen, J. (2017) Approaches to Agricultural Innovation and Their Effectiveness”. Agriculture and Food 2: 370-373. Kick, E.L., Zering, K. & Classen, J. (2017) Elucidating the Specifics of Food Security: Diverse Challenges, Differing Perspectives, and Ranges of Solutions. Agriculture and Food 2: 1. Kick, E.L., May, J.E., Schnake, D.K. & Thomson, G. (2017) The Sustainable Management of Privately-Owned US Forests. Agricultural Research and Technology 4: 1-11. Koziel, J.A., H.K. Ahn, T.D. Glanville, T.S. Frana, H. van Leeuwen, L.T. Nguyen. 2018. Lab-scale evaluation of aerated burial concept for treatment and emergency disposal of infectious animal carcasses. Waste Management,76, 715-726. Liu,Z. and Y. Liu. 2018. Review: Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from animal production. Greenh. Gases. S. 00:1–12; DOI: 10.1002/ghg. Maurer, D.L, A. Bragdon, B. Short, H.K. Ahn, J.A. Koziel. 2018. Improving environmental odor measurements: comparison of lab-based standard method and portable odour measurement technology. Archives of Environmental Protection, 44(2), 100-107. DOI: 10.24425/119699. Maurer, D., J.A. Koziel, T.J. Engelken, V.L. Cooper, J.L. Funk. 2018. Detection of volatile compounds emitted from nasal secretions and serum: Towards non-invasive identification of diseased cattle biomarkers. Separations, 5(1), 18. doi: 10.3390/separations5010018. Miller, CMF, JG Fadel, JM Heguy, BM Karle, PL Price, D Meyer. 2018. Optimizing accuracy of protocols for measuring dry matter and nutrient yield of forage crops. Science of the Total Environment 624: 180-188. Ni, J. Q., Diehl, C. A., Chai, L., Chen, Y., Heber, A. J., Lim, T. T., & Bogan, B. W. (2017). Factors and characteristics of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and particulate matter emissions from two manure-belt layer hen houses. Atmospheric Environment, 156, 113-124. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.02.033">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.02.033</a>. Ni, J. Q., A. J. Heber, T. T. Lim, S. M. Hanni, and C. A. Diehl. 2017. Laboratory evaluation of a manure additive for mitigating gas and odor releases from layer hen manure. Aerosol and Air Quality Research 17(10): 2533-2541. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2016.07.0327">http://dx.doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2016.07.0327</a>. Ni, J.Q., S. Liu, C.A. Diehl, T.T. Lin, B.W. Bogan, L. Chen, L. Chai, K. Wang, and A.J. Heber. 2017. Emission factors and characteristics of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and particulate matter at two high-rise layer hen houses. Atmospheric Environment (154) 260-273. Parker D. B., H. M. Waldrip, K. D. Casey, B. L. Woodbury, M. J. Spiehs, K. Webb and W. M. Willis. 2018. How do temperature and rainfall affect nitrous oxide emissions from open-lot beef cattle feedyard pens? Transactions of the ASABE 61(3): 1049-1061. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12788">http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12788</a> Parker, D. B., K. D. Casey, R. W. Todd, H. M. Waldrip, G. W. Marek, B. W. Auvermann, T. H. Marek, K. Webb, W. M. Willis, B. Pemberton, and B. Meyer. 2017. Improved chamber systems for rapid, real-time nitrous oxide emissions from manure and soil. Transactions of the ASABE 60(4): 1235-1258. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12151 Rice, S., N. Lutt, J.A. Koziel, M. Dharmadhikari, A. Fennell. 2018. Determination of selected aromas in Marquette and Frontenac wine using headspace-SPME coupled with GC - MS and simultaneous olfactometry. Separations, 5(1), 20. doi: 10.3390/separations5010020. Rice, S., J.A. Koziel, M. Dharmadhikari, A. Fennell. 2017. Evaluation of tannins and anthocyanins in Marquette, Frontenac, and St. Croix cold-hardy grape cultivars. Fermentation, 3(3), 47. doi: 10.3390/fermentation3030047. Safferman, S.I.; J. Smith; Y. Dong; C.M. Safferon; J.M. Wallace; D. Binkley; MR.. Thomas; S.A. Miller; E, Bissel; J. Booth; J. Lentz. (2017). Resource Recovery from waste: benefits and complexity. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 143(11). Sharma, S., N. Rajan, S. Cui, K. D. Casey, S Ale, R. Jessup, and S. Maas. 2017. Seasonal variability of evapotranspiration and carbon exchanges over a biomass sorghum field in the Southern US Great Plains. Biomass and Bioenergy 105, 392-401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2017.07.021 Shen, J., J. Zhu. 2017. Development of general Gompertz models and their simplified two-parameter forms based on specific microbial growth rate for microbial growth, bio-products and substrate consumption. Advances in Biotechnology & Microbiology 4(3): 555640. DOI: 10.19080/ AIBM.2017.04.555640. Shen, J., J. Zhu. 2017. Methane production in an upflow anaerobic biofilm digester from leachates derived from poultry litter at different organic loading rates and hydraulic retention times. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 5:5124-5130. Shen, J., J. Zhu. 2017. Modeling kinetics of anaerobic co-digestion of poultry litter and wheat straw mixed with municipal wastewater in a continuously mixed digester with biological solid recycle using batch experimental data. Chemical Engineering Communications 204(4):501-511. Waldrip, H. M., K. D. Casey, R. W. Todd, and D. B. Parker. 2017. Nitrous oxide emissions from Southern High Plains beef cattle feedyards: Measurement and modelling. Transactions of the ASABE 60(4): 1209-1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12085 Wu, SX., L. Chen, J. Zhu, M. Walquist, D. Christian. 2018. Pre-digestion to enhance volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentration as a carbon source for denitrification in treatment of liquid swine manure. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A. In Press. Wu, S. and J. Maskaly. 2017. In-depth study on the effect of total dissolved solids (TDS) on the performance of an SBR for COD and nutrients removal. Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Journal of Environmental Science and Health. 53(2): 146-153. Wu, S. 2017. Nutrients removal and nitrous oxide emission by a two-step fed SBR in treating dairy manure wastewater. Transactions of the ASABE. 60(5): 1729-1736   <h3>Conference Proceedings</h3> Andersen, D.S. 2018. Getting the most from manure- an ancient fertilizer in a precision age. Baimatova, N., O. Demyanenko, B. Kenessov, J. Koziel. 2017. Disclosing potential sources of uncertainties during determination of time-weighted average concentrations of BTEX in air by SPME-GC-MS using COMSOL Multiphysics. In the proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Separation Sciences (ISSS 2017), Vienna, Austria, September 2017. Brown, J. T., T.-T. Lim, J. M. Zulovich, and C. Costello. 2018. Evaluation of Mechanical Scraper System Finishing Barn for Solid-Liquid Separation. In ASABE Annual International Meeting. ASABE Paper No. 1801273. St. Joseph, Mich.: ASABE. Casey, K., R. Todd, M. Rhoades, and D. Parker. 2018. Emissions of hydrogen sulfide from the pen area of a beef cattle feedyard in the Texas High Plains. In: Proc of the 10 th International Livestock Environment Symposium (ILES X). Sep 25-27. 2018, Omaha, NE. Casey, K. D., D. B. Parker, H. M. Waldrip, and R. W. Todd. 2017. Diurnal variation in greenhouse fluxes from a feedyard pen surface. In: Proc of the ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings, Oct 23-25. 2017, Tampa, FL. Chen, B., J.A. Koziel, Z. Meiirkhanuly, D. Anderson, D.B. Parker. 2018. Evaluation of current products for use in deep pit swine manure storage structures for mitigation of odors and reduction of NH3, H2S, and VOC emissions from stored swine manure. Oral presentation at the 5th Graduate and Professional Student Research Conference, Ames, IA, April 2018. Harner, J. P., Marin, J. G., Zulovich, J. M., & Brouk, M. J. (2017). Water Conservation for Next Gen Dairies. In: Western Dairy Management Conference, Reno, NV. <a href="http://wdmc.org/proceedings/">http://wdmc.org/proceedings/</a> Justino E., F. Maluf, and K. Casey. 2018. Impact of pig farm construction and environmental management practices on nursery pig performance – A Brazilian case study. In: Proc of the 10 th International Livestock Environment Symposium (ILES X). Sep 25-27. 2018, Omaha, NE. Karunarathne, S.A., M. Chung, J.Ogejo. 2017. Compartmental process-based model for estimating ammonia emission from liquid dairy manure storage tank ASABE Annual International Meeting. ASABE Paper No. 1701433. St. Joseph, Mich.: ASABE. DOI: 10.13031/aim.201701433 Kenessov, B., J.A. Koziel, M. Derbissalin, O. Demyanenko. 2018. Improved model of air sampling by porour SPME fibers based on COMSOL Multiphysics software. Oral presentation at ExTech 2018 20th International Symposium of Advances in Extraction Technologies, Ames, IA, June 2018. Kick, E.L. and McKinney. L. 2016 A Cross-National SEM Analysis of Geographical, Institutional, and Agricultural Systems as Determinants of Food Insecurity and Obesity. Presented at the annual meetings of the Rural Sociological Society in Toronto, Canada. Kick, E.L. 2016 The Use of Structural Equation Modeling in Estimating Livestock Production and Food Security Systems. Presented at the annual meetings of the S-1032 Multi-state meetings. Raleigh:NC. Koziel, J.A., D.L. Maurer, W. Zhu, W.S. Jenks. Using light to mitigate odor and improving air quality. Poultry Science Association 2018 Annual Meeting, San Antonio, Texas, July 2018. Koziel, J.A., D. Maurer, T.J. Engelken, V.L. Cooper, J.L. Funk. 2018. Detection of volatile compounds emitted from nasal secretions and serum: Towards non-invasive identification of diseased cattle biomarkers. Oral presentation at ExTech 2018 20th International Symposium of Advances in Extraction Technologies, Ames, IA, June 2018. Lim, T.-T., C. B. Bromfield, J. A. Zulovich, and R. Massey. 2017. Biosecurity: Collaboration to ensure state of readiness. In International Symposium on Animal Environment and Welfare. Rongchang, Chongqing, China. Maurer, D.L, A. Bragdon, B. Short, H.K. Ahn, J.A. Koziel. 2017. Improving environmental odour measurements: comparison of lab-based standard method and portable odour measurement technology. In the proceedings of the 7th International Water Association Conference on Odours and Air Emissions, Warsaw, Poland, September, 2017. Maurer, D., J.A. Koziel, T.J. Engelken, V.L. Cooper, J.L. Funk. 2018. Detection of volatile compounds emitted from nasal secretions and serum: Towards non-invasive identification of diseased cattle biomarkers. Oral presentation at Academy of Veterinary Consultants summer meeting, Denver, CO, August 2018. Miller, S.R., Mann, J.T., Rozeboom, D.W., Safferman, S.I., Leschewski, A., and Smith, J. (2017). Survey of Winter Manure Handling Practices on Small-to-Medium-Sized Michigan Farms and an Economic Assessment of Policy Change. 2017 Annual International ASABE Meeting, Spokane, Washington, Paper Number 1701423. Meyer, D. Carbon the next frontier. Presented at the Golden State Dairy Management Conference. March 29, 2018. UC ANR Norris, A. B., L. O. Tedeschi, K. D. Casey, J. C. B. Dubeux, J. L. Foster, J. P. Muir, and W.E. Pinchak. 2018. Quebracho (Schinopsis balansae) extract in beef cattle fed high-roughage total mixed ration affects manure gas emissions. In: Proc of the 10 th International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores (ISNH 2018). Sep 2-6. 2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France. Norris, A. B., L. O. Tedeschi, K. D. Casey, J. C. B. Dubeux, J. L. Foster, J. P. Muir, and W. E. Pinchak. 2018. Effects of feeding different levels of Quebracho (Schinopsis balansae) extract in a high-roughage total mixed ration on manure gas emissions. In: Proc of the American Society of Animal Science, Southern Section Meeting. Feb 3-6. 2018, Fort Worth, TX. Parker, D., K. Casey, H. Waldrip, J. Jennings, and R. Todd. 2018. Enteric and simulated pen surface emissions of nitrous oxide from beef cattle feedyards. In: Proc of the 10 th International Livestock Environment Symposium (ILES X). Sep 25-27. 2018, Omaha, NE Parker, D. B., E. L. Cortus, K. D. Casey, G. W. Marek, K. R. Heflin, and H. M. Waldrip. 2018. Empirical model of annual nitrous oxide emissions from open-lot beef cattle feedyard pens in the Southern High Plains. ASABE Paper 1800508. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE. Parker, D. B., T. Jennings, B. Meyer, J. Jennings, A. Cole, H. Waldrip, and K. Casey. 2018. Enteric nitrous oxide emissions from beef feedlot Cattle. In: Proc of the American Society of Animal Science, Mid-West Section Meeting. Mar 13-15. 2018, Omaha, NE. Rajan, N., R. Schnell, M. Bagavathiannan, S. Nair, D Constance, K. Casey, D. Zapata, J. Moreno, S. Samuelson. 2017. Transitioning organic grain and soybean cropping systems in Texas: Challenges and benefits. In: Proc of the ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings, Oct 23-25. 2017, Tampa, FL. Sarker, N. C., S. Rahman, Md. Borhan, P. Rajasekaran, S. Santra, and A.Ozcan. 2017. Efficacy of Different Nanoparticles in Mitigating Gaseous Emissions from Liquid Dairy Manure Stored Under Anaerobic Condition. 2017 ASABE Annual International Meeting, Paper #1700994, Spokane, Washington, July 16-19, 2017. Shen, J., J. Zhu. 2017. Role of Hydrolysis in Two-phase Anaerobic Digestion System for Poultry Litter. ASABE Annual International Meeting paper#: 1700072, Spokane, WA. July 17-20, 2017. Shen, J., J. Zhu. 2017. Simulation of Unstable Kinetics of Continuously Mixed Anaerobic Digester with Biological Solid Recycle using Parameters Obtained from Batch Experiments. ASABE Annual International Meeting paper#: 1700073, Spokane, WA. July 17-20, 2017. Waldrip, H., D. Parker, S. Miller, K. Casey, R. Todd. 2018. Unscrambling nitrous oxide production in beef cattle feedyard manure: effect of temperature and water content on denitrification rates. In: Proc of the 10 th International Livestock Environment Symposium (ILES X). Sep 25-27. 2018, Omaha, NE. Zhu, W., J.A. Koziel, D.L. Maurer. 2017. Mitigation of livestock odours using a black light and a new titanium dioxide-based catalyst: proof-of-concept. In the proceedings of the 7th International Water Association Conference on Odours and Air Emissions, Warsaw, Poland, September, 2017. Zulovich, J. A., and T.-T. Lim. 2017. Initial technical feasibility of air conditioning to eliminate heat stress in swine grow-finish facilities. In International Symposium on Animal Environment and Welfare. Rongchang, Chongqing, China Zulovich, J. M., Milhollin, R. K., Horner, J. L., Harner, J. P., Lim, T.T. (2018) Air conditioning for naturally ventilated dairy barns. 10th International Livestock Environment Symposium. Paper ILES18-109. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE Zulovich, J. M., Milhollin, R. K., Horner, J. L., Harner, J. P., Lim, T.T. (2018) Air conditioning for mechanically ventilated LPCV dairy barns. 10th International Livestock Environment Symposium. Paper ILES18-110. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE Zulovich, J. M., Milhollin, R. K., Harner, J. P., Horner, J. L. (2018) Robotic Rotary Parlor Systems for Dairy Operations. 10th International Livestock Environment Symposium. Paper ILES18-111. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE. Zulovich, J. M., Milhollin, R. K., Harner, J. P., Horner, J. L. (2018) Automated Milking Systems for Dairy Operations. 10th International Livestock Environment Symposium. Paper ILES18-112. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE   <h3>Thesis/Dissertations</h3> Kevin C. Kruger (2017) “Utilizing anaerobically digested dairy manure for the cultivation of duckweed for biomass production, nutrient assimilation, and sugar production” Master student thesis Mario E. de Haro Marti (2018) “On-farm use of clinoptilolite zeolite with composting and air filtration technologies to control ammonia emissions, odor, and nitrogen retention from dairy manure” PhD student thesis. Niloy C. Sarker. 2018. Application of nanoparticle in livestock manure and characterization of pollutant gas reduction mechanisms, Ph.D. Dissertation, North Dakota State University. Sampath A. Karunarathne (2018) “Compartmental Process-based Model for Estimating Ammonia Emission from Stored Scraped Liquid Dairy Manure” PhD student thesis.   <h3>Extension and Outreach</h3> Meyer, D. 2018. Extension publications and quarterly newsletter articles in California Dairy Newsletter <a href="http://ucanr.edu/sites/Dairy/California_Dairy_Newsletter/?close=yes">http://ucanr.edu/sites/Dairy/California_Dairy_Newsletter/?close=yes</a>   <h3>Other</h3> Chen, L. 2017. Understand the 5 most influencing factors in composting manure. Progressive Dairyman –Canada Edition. August 2017. Also available at: (http://www.progressivedairycanada.com/topics/manure/understand-the-5-most-influencing-factors-in-composting-manure). Chen, L. 2017. Achieve maturity at the end of the manure composting process. Progressive Dairyman –Canada Edition. March 2017. Also available at: (<a href="http://www.progressivedairycanada.com/topics/manure/achieve-maturity-at-the-end-of-the-manure-composting-process">http://www.progressivedairycanada.com/topics/manure/achieve-maturity-at-the-end-of-the-manure-composting-process</a>). Cortus, E. 2018. Swine & U: Sustainability requires definition, standards, measurements. 19 April 2018. The Land. Haipeng, A., T. Lim, D. Brandt, S. Norkaew, R. Miles. 2017. Manure Land Application and Soil Health Indicators. Manure and Soil Health Working Group Report. http://soilhealthnexus.org/files/2018/02/ncrwn-manure-land-application-and-soil-health-indicators-report-FINAL.pdf 12 pages. Haipeng, A., T. Lim, D. Brandt, S. Norkaew, R. Miles. 2017. Manure Land Application and Soil Health Indicators. Manure and Soil Health Working Group Data Brief. http://soilhealthnexus.org/files/2018/02/ncrwn-manure-land-application-and-soil-health-indicators-data-brief-FINAL.pdf 8 pages. Harner, J. P., Zulovich, J. M., Kammel, D. W., & Tyson, J. T. (2017). Chapter 03-19: Feed center system design and management. In David K. Beede, Editor-in-Chief (Ed.), Electronic Book – Large Dairy Herd Management (3rd Edition). American Diary Science Association. Janni, K. 2018. Do you need an engineer on your team? 27 January 2018. Dairy Star Janni, K. 2018. Preparing for equipment breakdowns. 12 May 2018. Dairy Star Janni, K. 2018. Remodel or retire? Hoard’s Dairyman. 25 May 2018. 163(10):337. Janni, K. and Cortus, E. 2018. Learn More About Manure at 2018 North American Manure Expo. 14 July 2018. Dairy Star. Kammel, D. W., Zulovich, J. M., & Harner, J. P. (2017). Chapter 03-12: A systems approach to dairy farmstead design. In David K. Beede, Editor-in-Chief (Ed.), Electronic Book – Large Dairy Herd Management (3rd Edition). American Diary Science Association. Koziel, J.A., D. Maurer, T.J. Engelken, V.L. Cooper, J.L. Funk. 2018. Detection of volatile compounds emitted from nasal secretions and serum: Towards non-invasive identification of diseased cattle biomarkers. Poster presentation at ExTech 2018 20th International Symposium of Advances in Extraction Technologies, Ames, IA, June 2018. Koziel, J.A. Review of livestock odor regulations, emissions and mitigation technologies. Oral presentation at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland, May 2018. Koziel, J.A. Lessons learned from solving livestock odor problem. Oral presentation at the Korea Pork Producers Association, Republic of Korea, May 2018. Koziel, J.A. Lessons learned from solving livestock odor problem. Graduate Seminar, Chungnam National University, Republic of Korea, May 2018. Koziel, J.A. Lessons learned from solving livestock odor problem. Undergraduate Seminar, Chungnam National University, Republic of Korea, May 2018. Koziel, J.A. Lessons learned from solving livestock odor problem. Oral presentation at the National Institute of Animal Science, Republic of Korea, May 2018. Koziel, J.A. How to find opportunities to conduct research in the USA. Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland, September 2017. Koziel, J.A. Solving industry-outsourced problems: lessons learned. Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland, September 2017. Koziel, J.A. 2017. Odor mitigation. ISU In-Service Day. Agriculture Systems and Environmental Stewardship Team, Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, October 2017. Koziel, J.A. 2017. Odor mitigation. ISU In-Service Day. Swine Specialists, Department of Animal Science, October 2017. Lim, T.-T., C. Wang, A. J. Heber, N. Ji-Qin, and L. Zhao. 2018. Effect of Electrostatic Precipiration on Particulate Matter Emissions from a high-rise layer house. In Air Quality and Livestock Farming, 372 p. T. Banhazi, A. Aland, and J. Hartung, eds. Australia: CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group. Ni, J.-Q., A. J. Heber, and T.-T. Lim. 2018. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in swine production. In Air Quality and Livestock Farming, 372 p. T. Banhazi, A. Aland, and J. Hartung, eds. Australia: CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group. Schott, L. and A. M. Schmidt. 2017. Synthesis of Short- and Long-term Studies Reporting Soil Quality Metrics under Agricultural and Municipal Biosolid Applications. Manure and Soil Health Working Group Report. http://soilhealthnexus.org/files/2018/02/ncrwn-synthesis-of-short-long-term-studies-reporting-soil-quality-metrics-report-FINAL.pdf . 48 pages. Schott, L. and A. M. Schmidt. 2017. Synthesis of Short- and Long-term Studies Reporting Soil Quality Metrics under Agricultural and Municipal Biosolid Applications. Manure and Soil Health Working Data Brief. h http://soilhealthnexus.org/files/2018/04/ncrwn-synthesis-of-short-long-term-reporting-soil-quality-metrics-data-brief.pdf . 2 pages. Smith, J.S., Crow, R., Safferman, S.I. (2017). Winter Manure Application: Management Practices and Environmental Impact. North Central Region Water Network, Soil Nexus. http://soilhealthnexus.org/files/2018/02/ncrwn-winter-manure-app-mngmt-practices-enviro-impact-report-FINAL.pdf. Smith, J.S., Crow, R., Safferman, S.I. Winter Manure Literature Review – Document Summaries. North Central Regional Water Network, Soil Nexus. http://soilhealthnexus.org/files/2018/02/ncrwn-winter-manure-literature-review–document-summaries-FINAL.pdf Smith, J.S., Safferman, S.I. (2017). Winter Manure Application: Research Needs and Future Direction. North Central Region Water Network, Soil Nexus. http://soilhealthnexus.org/files/2018/02/ncrwn-winter-manure-literature-review–document-summaries-FINAL.pdf. Zulovich, J. M., & Harner, J. P. (2017). Preface - Section 3: Facilities and Environment. In David K. Beede, Editor-in-Chief (Ed.), Electronic Book – Large Dairy Herd Management (3rd Edition). American Diary Science Association. Zulovich, J. M., Harner, J. P., & Kammel, D. W. (2017). Chapter 03-13: Systems approach to designing milking centers and other dairy systems. In David K. Beede, Editor-in-Chief (Ed.), Electronic Book – Large Dairy Herd Management (3rd Edition). American Diary Science Association.

Impact Statements

See accomplishments section