Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

NCERA 184 Diseases of Small Grains Annual Meeting

Hilton Hotel, Pensacola Beach, FL - Emerald Coast Room - March 4^th, 2024

State Reports & Discussion- Terry Spurlock, USDA

• South Dakota: dry, little disease
• Oklahoma: dry, foot rots and Fusarium root rots, Parastagonospora
• Delaware and Maryland: cool spring with good yield, some falling number issues, BYDV in barley
• Missouri: dry, no FHB reported, some viruses (esp. wheat spindle streak)
• Tennessee: little disease leaf and glume blotch, some low level of FHB, good yields
• Arkansas: no reports of disease, freeze impacted early heading lines, little disease though Septoria seen on some varieties, growers were happy with yields
• Louisiana: lots of YR, little FHB in the last 3 years
• Wisconsin: dry as in the rest of the Midwest, some PM (susceptible varieties), no FHB
• Michigan: little disease
• Indiana: little disease
• Kentucky: record yields, few disease issues
• New York: dry, excellent quality and set yield records on wheat and barley, no FHB, few toxin issues in grain (organic production areas), pre-harvest sprouting was seen, some localized YR – perhaps due to overwintering of the pathogen
• North Dakota: uptick in spring wheat & durum acreage, everything was at least average for yield, little disease seen though had a SR susceptible variety (awnless, poor quality) that was bad enough to have lodging and hoping to get this cv. out of production
• Nebraska: dry in the east but wetter in the west / panhandle (seen also in 2009) and some SR was seen in this area

Update on FHB fungicide resistance screening project - Alyssa Koehler Betts, University of Delaware

• Screening isolates for resistance to fungicides
• Miravis Ace – SDHI active ingredient / pydiflumetofen – 0-5 ppm tested
• Isolated from 16 states – 177 Fg isolates total tested
• The product was effective against all isolates – EC50 for all was well below 1 ppm (range was 0.35-1.75)
• Manuscript being prepared (Joe Cinderella, MS student with Koehler is lead author)
• Will start to look at additional products (chemistries) and will be contributing “interesting” isolates to the national collection (USDA)
• Marty Chilvers collecting isolates from Midwest – including MN / low FHB pressure in 2022 and 2023 has reduced the number of isolates were submitted
• Also seeking isolates from barley – more Fusarium species (ca. 6 species) isolated from barley
• Yeast Bacto agar – growth more symmetrical than on PDA – switching media used for testing to this (YBA) for testing with fungicide added

Admin Update - Kendall Lamkey, NCERA184 Administrator

Little for update. NCERA-184 is 2 years into project following a renewal.  There will be a mid-term review, so need to get the report in.

Upcoming webinar on Fusarium head blight management, “Scabinar 2024” – Carl Bradley, UKY

• Coming up on March 13^th. an Google and find it / currently >200 registered for it. 10 am – 12 noon central time, CCA credits available Last time 2 long presentations and a panel, this time more smaller presentations and then a panel, focus will be on fungicide use for control of FHB, will be recorded and available online, both old and this version will be available online afterward.
• Discussion about the data and analysis of IMT and UFT trials – Pierce will still be coordinating this and has someone in place to help with the manuscript. Larry Madden will also be involved. Damon Smith indicated that the corn folks have streamlined the data processing.
• Gary Bergstrom mentioned the 6^th International FHB meeting in Niagara Falls (Oct 21-24, 2024)

Wheat disease loss estimates - Andrew Friskop, NDSU (with Adam Sisson and Daren Mueller)

• Crop Protection Network publishes annual loss surveys, graduate students using the website
• As of now 25/29 have submitted – still needing data
• Mean losses 2023-1.8%, 2022 – 2.5%, 2021-4% and 2020-5.2%
• Top 8 diseases for 2023 (in order): LR, TS, BLS, Stagonospora leaf blotch, PM, Fusarium CR and FR, FHB and Septoria tritici blotch. FHB is lower on this list that in the past several years.
• Working on a publication (Plant Health Progress), proposing 6 regions (see picture for the top 3 diseases in each of these regions), looking for feedback on appropriateness of the regions presented
• 2023 leaf diseases have dominated the table (Northern Great Plains (MN, ND & SD) is 1-BLS, 2-Tan Spot and 3-Stagonospora nodorum blotch)

Crop Protection Network Updates - Kiersten Wise, UKY

• Crop Protection Network (CropProtectionNetwork.org) – infrastructure for multi-state, multi-author outputs and tracks impacts for extension (soy, corn, wheat, cotton & alfalfa)
• Website show publications and other impacts on the dashboard (all CPN outputs are peer-reviewed)
• Outputs: web page, publications, video (CPN TV, Crop Scott Tool), audio, tools (includes maps and yield loss calculator), outreach (meetings, X, and Instagram)

AgPest Monitor: Benefits to PI’s and role in our work - Joe LaForest, UGA

• Based on EDD maps (EDDMapS Pro), but focused on Ag (https://wheat.agpestmonitor.org)
• State, commodity, county observational data
• Wheat SR, LR and YR data (presence/absence) was entered by county
• Uploads can be done offline and then submitted once back with an internet connection.
• Possible role with NCERA 184 work? – monitor and report regional disease distributions and impact (rust work was on ipmPIPE - which is now a part of APM)
• 2023 has no data as it was a light disease year
• Erick DeWolf is presently the only person working on wheat using this site, though others in NCERA 184 are using the site for corn work
• Interest in using the site for wheat? Mapping and picture information seems very helpful. May take a “champion” to get folks to use. YR data may be particularly helpful (has already been seen this year in the south (Louisiana / Padgett)

Unravelling genomic regions conferring leaf rust and stripe rust resistance in hard winter wheat - Meriem Aoun, OSU (was at NDSU with Maricelis Acevedo (then at NDSU and now at Cornell) & worked with Jim Kolmer)

• Stripe Rust overview and yield losses – YR and LR were the most important diseases in OK 2018-2023
• PSTv-37 predominant race in the US, diverse races in the Pacific Northwest
• 86 YR res genes (58 ASR + 28 APR), 7 cloned, many no longer resistant
• 459 hard winter wheat accessions tested (2021 & 2022 performance nurseries) – YR17 present but no longer effective, slow rusting genes (Yr 18 & Yr29) also present – MRAseq completed – seedling testing and 9-14% were resistant to the five races tested at the seedling stage (16 lines had broad spectrum resistance), 140 lines had APR (more APR than ASR.
• Phenotypic data used in GWAS to identify SNPs associated with YR resistance seedling (31 SNPs at the seedling stage, 5 with 3 or more races) and AP stage (86 SNPs, 5 stable across multiple environments) will use these for KASP markers
• Eight lines with 17-18 resistance alleles of the 31 identified at the seedling stage – recommend that breeders use these for crossing
• and 22 lines carry 80-86 resistant alleles out of the 113 SNPs identified and the seedling and adult plant stage

Update on cereal research at CDL - Oluseyi Fajolu, USDA-ARS-CDL

• Cereal Disease Laboratory, St Paul MN – focus on rust research and Fusarium head blight
• 2023 cereal rust collections and race analysis from 26 states: barley SR, oat SR, wheat SR, oat CR, & wheat LR were represented
• Wheat LR races (262 isolates, 49 races identified, most common races MNPSD 15.3%, TCTNB 10.8%, MCTNB 7.5%, a new race MGPBS detected at low levels and is of concern as it carries virulence on R genes (Lr16, Lr 21, Lr24, Lr39 and others)(
• Wheat SR: seedling and AP testing
• Southern Shield project – aim to improve resistance in the southern states to reduce inoculum load moving to the northern states
• Ug99 resistance loci identification: by 2022 many identified (since 2007 from 20 to 46 loci identified
• Oat crown rust (Pca) – recent isolates are more virulent (2015 vs. 1990), this has rendered the R genes ineffective (number of virulent isolates by year: 1993 = 7, 2017 = 16, 2012 = 24, & 2022 = 26), have been able to combine APR in oat lines (up to 3)

NIFA Updates (Virtual) - Emmanuel Byamukama, USDA-NIFA

• Leadership and funding support for Food and Agriculture
• New Director - Manjit Misra & Assoc. Director of Programs - Dionne Toombs
• Division Director (Rubella Goswami), National Program Leads etc.
• Strategic Goals (part of 2022-2026 strategic plan): Resilience to climate change, opportunities to underserved communities, equitable participation in NIFA programs, ensure the safe food supply, strengthen partnerships, build the agricultural workforce. (strategic plan available online)
• ARFI programs with good fit to plant pathologists (2024 deadlines in parentheses); A1112: pests and beneficials in ag production systems (9/19) [$750,00 limit or $850,00 with partnerships], A1701: critical ag. res and extension (9/12), A1402: ag microbes in plant systems and natural resources (10/3), A1542: data science for food and ag systems (11/14), A1113: pollinator health (8/22), others also discussed included A1181 biosecurity, A1141 plan breeding, A1143 plant breeding, A1171 NSF plant biotic interactions, A9201.
  • Crop Protection and Pest Management – Applied Research and Development Program Area (ARDP) – IMP research and extension projects – deadline was in February
  • Emergency Citrus Disease Research and Extension Program – has considerable funding
• Non-AFRI programs: SCRI: Specialty Crop Research Initiative. OREI: Organic Ag Research and Extension Initiative, BRAG: Biotechnology Risk Assessment Research Grants, MBT: Methyl Bromide Transition program, also Education and Workforce Development RFAs that funds postdocs and predoctoral fellowships, NIFA equipment grant program (established in 2019): key is for shared-use special purpose equipment, one max. per institution.
• NIFA has a dashboard to check on the status of applications after their submission (using number of grant)
• Plug to become a panelist for USDA-NIFA and to engage with NIFA (subscribe to social media and updates/news)

Finalize wheat fungicide table - Andrew Friskop, NDSU

• Caramba being phased out and thus will be dropped from the Table (presumably so it is not competing with Sphaerex in the marketplace)
• Gaps in knowledge – products and diseases – ask to look at the table
• Wanting to finalize in the coming weeks to get up on the website.

Announcements (positions, events, etc.)/Other topics (wheat viruses, etc.) – Attendees

• Boyd Padgett: Neil ?? consultant in Montana looking for an agronomist to take over his consulting firm – will post on Basecamp
• Carl Bradley: What is happening at Cornell with Gary Bergstrom’s position. Might be released in AY25/25. New one will be 40% extension (from 75%).
• LSU Ag Center is doing a cluster hire in precision ag (Baton Rouge LA)
• OSU will have an opening for Director – replacement for Kitty Cardwell)
• USDA Peoria has a position open

Business Meeting - Terry Spurlock, UADA

• Minutes from last year ‘s meeting available on Basecamp site
  • Motion to Approve Minutes: Motion: Damon Smith, Second: Darcy Telenko, No discussion, Vote Motion: Approved.
• State Report Form: Google form available through Basecamp (can be posted there), these have probably gone to Ken Obasa (Chair). These normally are compiled and presented at this meeting.
• Venue for 2025 and date: Need Erick De Wolf (Secretary) to decide. The suggestion was made to meet again in Pensacola, FL. There is an International IPM symposium in San Diego scheduled 3-6 March, 2025, so the previous week might make more sense. SSDW business meeting might also dictate the best timing. Suggesting Feb 24-27. Timing so that travel prices are not high because of spring break. Moved that we stay linked with SSDW meeting schedule. Motion: Damon Smith, Second: Heather Kelly, Motion Approved.
• Darcy Telenko offered to serve as incoming Secretary. Motion: Darcy Telenko, Damon Smith, Motion Approved.
• Meeting Adjourned 12:16 pm

Activities:

Conducted uniform research trials to test the efficacy of foliar fungicides marketed for use on wheat. Researchers participating in these trials agreed to conduct the research trials in a consistent fashion that facilitates combined in analysis in the future. This imformation is used annually to update publications that help growers identify the best product options. Example: Kansas Fungicide Efficacy Publication

National level coordination of forecasting effort for Fusarium head blight of wheat and barley in 35 states. This effort includes conducted replicated research trials in key wheat and barley producing regions of the US, open sharing of data, development of forecasting models, coordination of web-based tools used to deliver the forecasting models, provision of state-level expert commentary, as well as surveys of stakeholders and user groups. Wheat FHB Forecasting Tools

National level coordination observation network for rust diseases of wheat and barley. This effort covers wheat stripe rust, leaf rust and stem rust. This effort involves coordination of disease survey at the state level, open sharing of observations, mapping and display of results via web-based tools that are available to stakeholders and small grain producers.  Wheat Stripe Rust Monitoring Efforts

National level coordination of wheat disease loss estimates that help to document current and emerging problems in the US. Disease loss estimates include state level disease survey for >12 different diseases, open sharing of data, curation of long-term datasets, and publishing the results for use by growers and other stakeholder groups. National Level Wheat Disease Loss Estimates, 2023

Corrdiantion of extension programing on small grain diseases with 85 extension presentations provided throughout the region in 2023.

Outputs:

National level fungicide efficacy table, 2023. This publication of the committee provides an expert synthesis of the best-available research data from throughout the US. The charts and tables developed by the NCERA-184 committee are the basis for extension programming (presentations, publications, newsletters, websites, blogs, etc.) in most states with small grains production.

Web-based forecasting tools for Fusarium head blight available in 35 states. Includes expert commentary about regional disease risk and management options posted directly on the site throughout the growing season.

Maps of disease observations for stripe rust, leaf rust and stem rust of wheat. These maps help document the movement of rust diseases from potential overwintering locations into key wheat producing regions of the country. This information helps growers anticipate disease risk and supports the judicious use of fungicides as part of an overall integrated disease management strategy.

Short-term Outcomes:

The NCERA-184 committee coordinates development and delivery of forecasting models for Fusarium head blight in the United States.  These web-based tools reach thousands of producers each growing season. User surveys indicate that more than 90% of the users reported that the information provided by the forecasting tools were of high or moderate value for their farm or operation. The users also reported that the annual value of the forecasting effort was $70 million in 2023 with many users indicating that the system helped them avoid costly fungicide applications when the risk of severe disease was low.

Journal Publications

1. Bikash Ghimire, Bochra A. Bahri, Alfredo D. Martinez-Espinoza, Mohamed Mergoum, and James W. Buck. 2023. Genetic Diversity, Mycotoxin Profiles, and Population Structure of Fusarium graminearum Causing Fusarium Head Blight in Georgia, U.S.A. 2023. Accepted October 23, 2023. Published May 2024. https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/PDIS-08-23-1639-RE
2. hu, Z., F. Dugan, and T.D. Murray. 2023. A multilocus phylogeny places Hymenula cerealis (syn. Cephalosporium gramineum) in the Helotiales, Leotiomycetes. Phytopathology 113:1254-1265. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-05-22-0151-R.
3. McKelvy, U., Brelsford, M., Burrows, M. e. (2023). Evaluation of seed transmission rates of wheat streak mosaic virus in mechanically inoculated winter and spring wheat cultivars in Montana. Plant Disease. https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/full/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0898-SC
4. Wang, F., Charif, A., Danilova, T., Zhong, S., Green, A., Frels, K., Wegulo, S., Boehm Jr., J., and Cai, X.  2023.  Marker-Assisted Introgression of the FHB Resistance Gene Fhb7The2 into Hard Red Spring Wheat.  Page 87 in: Proceedings of the 2023 National Fusarium Head Blight Forum; Cincinnati, OH. December 3-5, 2023. Retrieved from:https://scabusa.org/forum/2023/2023NFHBForumProceedings.pdf
5. White, N. H., Stombaugh, T. S., and Bradley, C. A. 2023. Effect of nozzle configuration and ground sprayer speed on Fusarium head blight management in wheat. Plant Health Progress 24:9-15. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHP-02-22-0013-RS.
6. White, N. H., Neves, D. L., Nuckles, E. M., Vaillancourt, L. J., Zhang, J., Zhang, G., and Bradley, C. A. 2023. Identification of quinone outside inhibitor fungicide-resistant isolates of Parastagonospora nodorum from Illinois and Kentucky. Plant Disease 107:38-45. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-22-0180-RE.
7. Van Sanford, D. A., Clark, A. J., Bradley, C., Brown-Guedira, G. L., Cowger, C., Dong, Y., and Baik, B.-K. 2023. Registration of ‘Pembroke 2021’ soft red winter wheat. Journal of Plant Registrations, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/plr2.20271.
8. Singh, G., KC, Ashmit, Sandhu, Karansher Singh, Friskop, A.J., Liu, Z., and Yan, G. 2023. Evaluation of wheat cultivars and germplasm lines for resistance to Pratylenchus neglectus populations collected in North Dakota. Plant Disease 107:3817-3824
9. Lux, L., Halvorson, J., Hansen, B., Meyer, S., Shi, G., Liu, Z., and Friskop, A. 2023. Effect of copper sulfate pentahydrate and cultivar resistance on reducing bacterial leaf streak in hard red spring wheat in North Dakota. Plant Health Progress 24:424-428.
10. Alaoufi, S., Friskop, A., and Simsek, S. 2023. Effect of field-applied fungicides on Claviceps purpurea sclerotia and associated toxins in wheat. Journal of Food Protection 86:3 1000046.
11. Lux, L., Halvorson, J., Hansen, B., Meyer, S., Carruth, D., Fitterer, S., and Friskop, A. 2023. Effect of metconazole+prothioconazole, pydiflumetofen+propiconazole, and variety resistance on Fusarium head blight and yield in hard red spring wheat. Plant Health Progress 24:155-161.
12. Liu, Z., Friskop, A., Jacobs, J.M., and Dill-Macky, R. Bacterial leaf streak: A persistent and increasingly important disease problem for cereal crops. Phytopathology 113:2020-2023,
13. Friskop, A., Green, A., Ransom, J., Liu, Z, Knodel, J., Hansen, B., Halvorson, J., and Lux, L. 2023. Increase of bacterial leaf streak in hard red spring wheat in North Dakota and yield loss considerations. Phytopathology 113:21032109.
14. Ramos, S. K., Galagedara, N. †, Silva, E. T., Shrestha, B. K., Aime, J., Setiyono, T. ,  Spurlock, T. N., Allen, T. W., Price, T., Padgett B., Doyle, V. P. , Thomas-Sharma, S. 2023. Developing tools for integrated management of Cercospora leaf blight on soybean across the mid-South. Phytopathology. 113: S3. 182.
15. Galagedara, N., Doyle, V. P., Price, P., Robertson, C. L., Padgett, G. B., Thomas-Sharma. S. 2023. Tracking the causal agents of Cercospora Leaf Blight of soybean to better understand epidemiology and improve disease management. Phytopathology. 113: S3. 166.

Extension Publications

1. Keene, C, Green, A., Friskop, A., Friesen, T., Liu, Z., Zhong, S., Rickertsen, J., Eriksmoen, E., Hanson, B., Martin, G., Pradhan, G., Ostlie, M. 2023. North Dakota Hard Red Spring Wheat Variety Trial Results for 2023 and Selection Guide. North Dakota Extension Publication A574-23.
2. Keene, C., Elias, E., Friskop, A., Friesen, T., Liu, Z., Zhong, S., Manthey, F., Martin, G., Rickertsen, J., Eriksmoen, E., Hanson, B., Pradhan, G., Ostlie, M. 2023. North Dakota Durum Wheat Variety Trial Results for 2023 and Selection Guide. North Dakota Extension Publication A1067-23.
3. Keene, C., Baldwin, T., Horsley, R., McMullen, M., Friskop, A., Zwinger, S., Ostlie, M., Martin, G., Rickertsen, J., Eriksmoen, E., Hanson, B., and Gautam, P. 2023. North Dakota Barley, Oat and Rye Variety Trial Results for 2023 and Selection Guide. North Dakota Extension Publication A1049-23.
4. Keene, C., Marais, F., Friskop, A., Liu, Z., Zhong, S., Rickertsen, J., Eriksmoen, E., Hanson, B., Martin, G., Ostlie, M., Pradhan, G. 2023. North Dakota Hard Red Winter Wheat Variety Trial Results for 2023 and Selection Guide. North Dakota Extension Publication A1196-23.
5. Friskop, A. J., McKelvy, U. (2023). Wheat Streak Mosaic FAQs. Bozeman, MT: Montana State University Extension.https://www.montana.edu/extension/plantpath/resources/wheatstreakmosaicfaq.html
6. Kalil, A., McKelvy, U., Porter, L. D. (2023). Chickpea Disease Diagnostic Series(pp2072 ed.). North Dakota State University Extension.https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/extension/publications/chickpea-disease-diagnostic-series
7. McKelvy, U., Burrows, M., Gunnink Troth, E. E. (2023). Diseases of Cool Season Legumes (Pulse Crops: Dry Pea, Lentil, and Chickpea). Bozeman, Montana: Montana State University Extension.https://www.montana.edu/extension/plantpath/resources/diseasesofcoolseasonlegumes.html
8. Wegulo, S. N., Hein, G. L., McKelvy, U., Hunger, B., Rush, C. M., Burrows, M., Byamukama, E., Friskop, A. J. (2023). Mite-transmitted virus disease complex of wheat in the Great Plains of the United States. Nebraska, Lincoln: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension Service.https://extensionpubs.unl.edu/publication/9000032772102/mite-transmitted-virus-disease-complex-of-wheat-in-the-great-plains-of-the-united-states/
9. Hein, G., McKelvy, U., Wegulo, S., Hunger, R., Burrows, M., Rush, C., Workneh, F., Brorsen, W., Friskop, A., and Byamukama, E.  2023.  Mite-Transmitted Virus Disease Complex of Wheat in the Great Plains of the United States.  Nebraska Extension Circular EC3063.
10. Knezevic, S. Z.,…..Wegulo, S. N., …et al. 2023.  2023 Guide for Weed, Disease, and Insect Management in Nebraska. Nebraska Extension Circular EC130.
11. Creech, C., Easterly, A., Maust, B., Frels, K., and Wegulo, S.  2023.  2023 Fall Seed Guide.Nebraska Extension Circular EC103.
12. Friskop, A., Sisson, A., Faske, T., Meyer, R., Betts, A., Martinez Espinoza, A., Marshall, J., Camiletti, B., Telenko, D., Anderson-Onofre, K., Bradley, C., Price, P., Chilvers, M., Wiersma, J., Allen, T., Bish, M., McKelvy, U., Wegulo, S., Bergstrom, G., Cowger, C., Paul, P. Aoun, M., Tenuta, A., Collins, A., Shires, M., Kelly, H., Obasa, K., Anderson, N., Langston, D., Higgins, D., Smith, D. 2023. Wheat disease loss estimates from the United States and Ontario, Canada – 2023. CPN-3018-23. Crop Protection Network. www.doi.org/10.31274/cpn-20240711-0.
13. Martinez, A. 2023. Wheat Disease Control. In: Georgia Pest Management Handbook-Commercial Edition. University of Georgia Cooperative Extension. Special Bulletin 28. (Revised and reprinted annually).
14. Martinez, A. 2023. Oats for Grain Disease Control. In: Georgia Pest Management Handbook-Commercial Edition. University of Georgia Cooperative Extension. Special Bulletin 28. (Revised and reprinted annually
15. Martinez, A. 2023, 2022. Sorghum Disease Control. In: Georgia Pest Management Handbook-Commercial Edition. University of Georgia Cooperative Extension. Special Bulletin 28. (Revised and reprinted annually).
16. Martinez, A. 2023. Cereal Rust Update Georgia. Final Bulletin 2023. https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/50620500/CRBs/Final%20bulletin%20for%202023.pdf
17. Martinez, A. 2023. Cereal Rust Update Georgia. May 2023. https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/50620500/CRBs/2023%20CRB%20May%2012.pdf
18. Martinez, A. 2023. Cereal Rust Update Georgia. April 2023. https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/50620500/CRBs/2023%20CRB%20April%2027.pdf
19. Martinez, A. FHB in Georgia 2023. In: Most of the U.S. Encounters Low Levels of Fusarium Head Blight, Impacted Crops Found in Regions Where FHB is Generally Not a Concern. Hoffstetter. A. 2023.  https://scabusa.org/pdfs/2023_FHB_DiseaseImpactUpdate.pdf   
20. Moseley, D., et al. 2023. 2023 soybean variety yields and production practices. LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA. Pub. 2269 (1/23 REV.)
21. Harrison, Stephen A., Arceneaux, Kelly J., Anderson, Russell A., Biradar, Hanamareddy, Burns, Dennis, Collins, Fred L., DeWitt, Noah, Ezell, Dustin, Fluitt, Jacob, Fontenot, Kathryn, Kongchum, Manoch, Leonards, James P., Monaghan, Tashia M, Padgett, Guy B., Purvis, Myra, Stephenson, Daniel O., Waltman, William F., Williams, Gregory.  Performance of Small Grain Varieties in Louisiana, 2022-23.  LAES Research Summary 228., LAES Research Summary.
22. Thomas-Sharma, Sara; Doyle, Vinson P; Galagedara, Nelomie; Price, Trey; Padgett, Boyd; Connor, Lawson; Rajan, Dhakal; and Setiyono, Tri. "Translating Spore Peaks to Soybean Profits: Can Targeted Fungicide Applications Improve Cercospora Leaf Blight Management?" Louisiana Agriculture, Vol. 66, No. 3. Summer 2023. pp. 30-31. 
23. Padgett, Guy B., Clark, Christopher A., Hollier, Hoy, Jeffrey W., Price, III, Paul P, Singh, Raghuwinder,  Mary Helen, Watson, Tristan, Gueltig, Bryan, Dalla Lana, Felipe. "2023 Louisiana Plant Disease Management Guide (online store item)". 2023, Publication No. 1802
24. Kelly, H., et al. 2023. Management of Small Grain Diseases: Fungicide Efficacy for Control of Wheat Diseases 2023. University of Tennessee Extension Publication.