Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

The meeting was held virtually due to the ongoing COVID pandemic. The previous meeting, 2020 annual meeting, had been canceled due to the same pandemic and the committee felt it prudent to abbreviate the usual meeting and hold it virtually to avoid another year lost.

May 18, ZOOM: Participants were “welcomed” to the host institution by Dr. Adele Turzillo, Department Head, Animal Sciences, Penn State. Dr. Steve Loerch reminded the committee of the history and mission of USDA NCCC committees, welcoming new and returning members to the committee.

Special discussions: The Journal of Animal Science has requested a collection of history from the committee. Kendall Swanson has agreed to chair a subcommittee to pull together the collection.

Station reports took up the remained of the time on May 18.

May 19, ZOOM: The committee welcomed a new USDA representative, Deputy Director Deb Hamernick. The Deputy Director shared a copy of the NIFA report and stated she will remain the representative for the foreseeable future.

The committee readdressed questions regarding the JAS special issues requests and formalized a path forward.

Station reports took up the remained of the time on May 19.

The 2022 meeting was proposed to be in person May 17-18, 2022 in State College, PA. Future meetings will be hosted in 2023 in El Centro by UC Davis, 2024 in Gainesville by University of Florida, and 2025 in Lincoln by University of Nebraska.

Accomplishments: Cattle continue to be fed to larger weights, in part due to packer access issues in the industry. Concerns over the length of time on feed and the shortage of a qualified work force have challenged the beef industry. Members of the NCCC-308 multistate group are investigating the role or corn processing and forage inclusion in feedlot cattle diets as well as alternative supplements to improve animal health, increase growth, and enhance meat quality.

Short term outcomes: New facilities were designed at more than 3 locations. Projects are being initiated.

Outputs: Key finding from the years review included:

• Animal variation early in a feeding period can be useful to predict feeding outcomes and thus aid precision management in a feedlot.
• Regardless of hormone implant strategies chosen in calf-fed Holstein steers, implant combinations should be selected to optimize hormone release before the onset of high heat load for cattle.
• When feedlot cattle are fed dry rolled corn instead of whole shelled corn, they have a grater average daily gain, and greater feed intake, which produce heavier hot carcass weight, and more Longissimus dorsi area, but similar marbling score and back fat thickness.
• Bedding applications should be considered to improve growth performance and feed efficiency by reducing maintenance energy requirements in beef steers during the feedlot receiving and finishing phase.
• Grain-milling byproducts improve performance and increase ruminal pH, high-risk cattle do not require a high-roughage receiving diet at arrival, and that aggressive implant strategies are beneficial in long-fed cattle.
• Increasing ruminal propionate has the ability to alter feed intake and feeding behavior in steers fed a finishing diet.
• We observed that beef x Holstein steers were more likely to grade USDA Choice or above while yielding greater ribeye area and backfat than their Holstein counterparts.
• Alfalfa haylage has the potential to substitute a portion, if not all, of the forage proportion of finishing diets.
• Trace mineral nutrition of cattle has a marked impact on cattle response to growth promoting technologies such as beta agonists and anabolic implants.
• Transit stress causes oxidative stress in cattle and cattle antioxidant capacity at time of trucking may dictate their post-transit performance response to additives that enhance antioxidant status.
• Intentionally induced leaky gut using aspirin decreases growth and re-partitions carcass components from lean to fat in feedlot cattle.
• By increasing gastrointestinal butyrate concentrations, a molasses based liquid supplement improves gut health, intake, and gain in stressed newly-weaned, receiving feedlot cattle.
• Processing grain helps ensure optimum gain and efficiency while minimizing ruminal acidosis.
• Rolling corn when processed as high-moisture corn lead to 5% better feed use efficiency as compared to a common hammer-mill method, likely due to less fines or small particles at time of ensiling.

Activities

Members of the NCCC-308 multistate group have organized meetings that discuss feedlot nutrition and management, presented scientific presentations, and published peer reviewed journal articles. These included:

• Conducted over 25 nutrition and management studies.
• Organized 36 extension meetings or products that discuss feedlot nutrition and management.
• Presented 66 scientific, poster, and oral presentations.
• Published 82 peer reviewed journal articles.

Grant funding obtained by the committee members included:

• Evaluating the cost of feeding hay or soyhulls as roughage sources in sheep. OSWP. ($8,713.6; 100% Award). PI: Relling, Alejandro
• USDA-NIFA $191,938 Smith (SDSU), Loy (ISU), Swanson (NDSU), DiCostanzo (U of M). Characterization of corn harvested at high moisture in cattle feeding yards in the Upper Midwest. 10/1/2020—9/30/2023
• USDA-NAFA $93,076 DiCostanzo. Energy and economic value of alfalfa, harvested as haylage, in growing cattle diets. 3/1/2021—2/28/2023
• Obtaining funding has been challenging at times for many of the production-based applied feedlot management questions we have generated.

Milestones: None to report

1. Winders, T. M., B. M. Boyd, F. H. Hilscher, R. R. Stowell, S. C. Fernando, and G. E. Erickson. 2021. Evaluation of methane production manipulated by level of intake in growing cattle and corn oil in finishing cattle. Transl. Anim. Sci. 4:1-11 org/10.1093/tax/txaa186
2. Andreini, E.M., S.M. Augenstein, C.S. Fales, R.D. Sainz and J.W. Oltjen. 2019. Effects of feeding level on efficiency of high and low residual feed intake beef steers. In: Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition (M.L. Chizzotti, Ed.) pp. 133-134. European Assoc. for Anim. Prod. Publ. No. 138. Doi: 10.3920/978-90-8686-891-9_10.
3. Fernandez, E.E., J.W. Oltjen and R.D. Sainz. 2019. Mitochondrial abundance and function inmuscle from beef steers with divergent residual feed intakes. In: Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition (M.L. Chizzotti, Ed.) pp. 225-226. European Assoc. for Anim. Prod. Publ. No. 138. Doi: 10.3920/978-90-8686-891-9_10.
4. Fernandez EE, Oltjen JW, Sainz RD. 2020. Mitochondrial abundance and function in muscle from beef steers with divergent residual feed intakes. Animal. 2020 14:560-565. doi: 10.1017/S1751731119002209
5. Dykier KC, Oltjen JW, Robinson PH, Sainz RD. 2020. Effects of finishing diet sorting and digestibility on performance and feed efficiency in beef steers. Animal. 14:59-65. doi: 10.1017/S1751731119001988
6. Carvalho, P.H.V., B.C. Latack, L. Buenabad, and R.A. Zinn. 2021. Influence of implant hormone strategy on growth performance of calf-fed Holstein steers. Applied Anim. Sci. 37: 199-206. https://doi.org/10.15232/aas.2020-02123
7. Nickles K. R., A. E. Relling, L. E. Moraes, and A. J. Parker. 2020. The effect of a social facilitator cow on the distance walked and time spent walking by abruptly weaned beef calves. Animal Production Sciences. doi: /10.1071/AN20434
8. Freitas, T. B., T. L. Felix, C. Clark, F. L. Fluharty, and A. E. Relling. 2020. Effect of feeding dry-rolled corn or whole shelled corn during the finishing phase on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Translational Animal Science. doi: 10.1093/tas/txaa228
9. Rosa-Velazquez, R., F. Batistel, J. M. Pinos-Rodriguez, and A. E. Relling. Effects of maternal dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and methionine during late gestation on fetal growth, DNA methylation, and mRNA relative expression of genes associated with the inflammatory response, lipid metabolism, and DNA methylation in placenta and offspring’s liver in sheep. J. Anim Sci. and Biotechnology. Accepted. doi: 10.1186/s40104-020-00513-7.
10. Menichetti, B. T., J, M, Piñeiro, A. A. Barragan, A. E. Relling, A. Garcia-Guerra, and G. M. Schuenemann. Association of prepartum lying time with nonesterified fatty acids and stillbirth in prepartum dairy heifers and cows. J. Dairy Sci. 103: 11782-11794. (Data interpretation)
11. Sears, A., O. Gonzalez, A. Alberto, J. De Souza, A. Young, A. E. Relling, and F. Batistel. 2020. Impact of feeding a palmitic acid-enriched supplement on production responses and nitrogen metabolism of mid-lactating Holstein and Jersey cows. J Dairy Sci. 103: 8898-8909. doi: 10.3168/jds.2020-18232
12. Carranza Martin, A. C., A. J. Parker, C. Furnus, and A. E. Relling. 2020. Ghrelin antagonist overrides the mRNA expression of NPY in hypothalamus in feed restricted ewes. Plos one 15: e0238465. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238465
13. Roque-Jiménez J. A., G. D. Mendoza-Martı́nez, A. Vázquez-Valladolid, M. L. Guerrero-González, R. Flores-Ramı́rez, J. M. Pinos-Rodriguez, J. J. Loor, A. E. Relling, and H. A. Lee-Rangel. Supplemental herbal choline increases 5-hmC DNA 3 on whole blood from pregnant ewes and offspring. Animals. 10:1277. 10.3390/ani10081277
14. Duff, A., L. Bielke, and A. E. Relling. 2020. Technical Note: Fluorescein as an indicator of enteric mucosal barrier function in pre-ruminant lambs. J Anim Sci. 98:1-6. doi: 10.1093/jas/skaa198
15. Relling, A. E., D. D. Clevenger, and F. L. Fluharty. 2020. Effect of oscillating feeding time and corn processing on performance and carcass characteristics in feedlot steers. Translational Animal Science. 4: taxx103. doi: 10.1093/tas/txaa103
16. de Assis, R. G., J. S. Biava, D. M. Polizel, T.T. de Souza, T.U. Sturion, A. V. Pires, A. E. Relling, and E. M. Ferreira. 2020. Use of narasin in diets for lactating ewes. Small Ruminant Research. 187:106108. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106108
17. Roque-Jimenez, J. A., M. F. Oviedo-Ojeda, M. Whalin, H. A. Lee-Rangel, and A. E. Relling. 2020. Eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation during early gestation modified relative abundance on placenta and fetal liver tissue mRNA and concentration pattern of fatty acids in fetal liver and fetal central nervous system of sheep. Plos ONE 15: e0235217. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235217
18. Carranza-Martin A. C., A. J. Parker, C. C. Furnus, and A. E. Relling. 2020. Ghrelin antagonist regulates metabolic hormone receptors in the hypothalamus of ewes. Small Ruminant Research. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106091
19. Wagner, B. K., A. E. Relling, J. D. Kieffer, L. E. Moraes, and A. J. Parker. 2020. Short communication: pharmacokinetics of oxytocin administered intranasally to beef cattle. Domestic Animal Endocrinology. 71:106387. doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.106387
20. Wagner, B. K., A. E. Relling, J. D. Kieffer, and A. J. Parker. 2020. Intranasal oxytocin treatment does not attenuate the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in beef heifers subjected to isolation stress or restraint and isolation stress. Domestic Animal Endocrinology. 70:106379. doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.07.007
21. Jaborek, J. R., A. E. Relling, F. L. Fluharty, S. J. Moeller, and H. Zerby. 2020. Opportunities to improve the accuracy of the United States Department of Agriculture beef yield grade equation through precision agriculture. Translational Animal Science. 4: txaa033. doi: 10.1093/tas/txaa033

22. Jaborek, J. R., and A. E. Relling. 2020. Short communication: Effects of low antioxidant mineral concentrations in the growing diet on marbling deposition in feedlot cattle. Applied Animal Science. 36:249-255. doi: 10.15232/aas.2019-01903

23. Freitas, T. B., T. L. Felix, W. Shriver, F. L. Fluharty, and A. E. Relling. 2020. Effect of corn processing on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and metabolite concentrations in feedlot cattle.Translational Animal Science. 4: txaa009. doi: 10.1093/tas/txaa009
24. Pisoni, L., and A. E. Relling. 2020. The effects of supplementing yeast fermentation products on gut permeability, hormone concentration, and growth in newborn dairy calves. Translational Animal Science. 4: txaa004. doi: 10.1093/tas/txaa004
25. Jaborek, J. R., H. N. Zerby, S. J. Moeller, F. L. Fluharty, and A. E. Relling. 2019. Evaluation of feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, carcass retail cut distribution, Warner-Bratzler shear force, and fatty acid composition of crossbred Jersey steers and heifers. Applied Animal Science. 35:615-627. doi:10.15232/aas.2019-01895

26. Buckhaus, E.M.; Smith, Z.K. Effects of Corn Silage Inclusion Level and Type of Anabolic Implant on Animal Growth Performance, Apparent Total Tract Digestibility, Beef Production per Hectare, and Carcass Characteristics of Finishing Steers. Animals 2021, 11, 579. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020579
27. Buckhaus, E.M.; Rusche, W.C.; Smith, Z.K. Effect of Complete Replacement of Dry-Rolled Corn with Unprocessed Rye on Growth Performance, Efficiency of Dietary Net Energy Use, and Carcass Traits of Finishing Heifers. Animals 2021, 11, 99. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010099
28. Rusche, W.C.; Walker, J.A.; Smith, Z.K. Effect of inclusion rate of silage with or without alpha-amylase trait on finishing steer growth performance, carcass characteristics, and agronomic efficiency measures, Translational Animal Science, Volume 4, Issue 2, April 2020, Pages 942–949, https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txaa056
29. Rusche, W.C.; Walker, J.A.; Sexton, P.; Brattain, R.S.; Smith, Z.K. Evaluation of hybrid rye on growth performance, carcass traits, and efficiency of net energy utilization in finishing steers, Translational Animal Science, Volume 4, Issue 3, July 2020, txaa173, https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txaa173
30. Smerchek, D.T.; Smith, Z.K. Bedding Application to Feedlot Steers: Influence on Growth Performance, Estimated Maintenance Coefficient, Carcass Characteristics, and Circulating Metabolites in Beef Steers. Animals 2020, 10, 1766. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10101766
31. Munoz, V. I., K. L. Samuelson, D. J. Tomczak, H. A. Seiver, T. M. Smock, and J. T. Richeson. 2020. Comparative efficacy of metaphylaxis with tulathromycin and pentavalent modified-live virus vaccination in high-risk, newly received feedlot cattle. Appl. Anim. Sci. 36:799-807.
32. Smock, T., K. Samuelson, J. E. Wells, K. E. Hales, J. Hergenreder, W. Rounds, and J. Richeson. 2020. Effects of Bacillus subtilis PB6 and/or chromium propionate supplementation on serum chemistry, complete blood count, and fecal Salmonella spp. count in high-risk cattle during the feedlot receiving and finishing periods. Transl. Anim. Sci. 4:1-11.
33. Smock, T., K. Samuelson, J. Hergenreder, W. Rounds, and J. Richeson. 2020. Effects of Bacillus subtilis PB6 and/or chromium propionate supplementation on clinical health, growth performance, and carcass traits of high-risk cattle during the feedlot receiving and finishing periods. Transl. Anim. Sci. 4:1-12.
34. Trotta, R. J., and K. C. Swanson. 2021. Prenatal and postnatal nutrition influence pancreatic and intestinal carbohydrase activities of ruminants. Animals. 11:171.
35. Trotta, R. J., K. R. Maddock-Carlin, and K. C. Swanson. 2021. Influence of ractopamine hydrochloride supplementation on pancreatic digestive enzyme activity in finishing steers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 101:191-195.
36. Trotta, R. J., F. E. Keomanivong, J. L. Peine, J. S. Caton, and K. C. Swanson. 2020. Effects of maternal nutrient restriction and rumen-protected arginine supplementation on post-ruminal digestive enzyme activity of lamb offspring. Livest. Sci. 241:104246.
37. Trotta, R. J., C. O. Lemley, K. A. Vonnahme, and K. C. Swanson. 2020. Effects of nutrient restriction and melatonin supplementation from mid- to late-gestation on maternal and fetal small intestinal carbohyrdrase activities in sheep. Dom. Anim. Endocrin. 74:106555.
38. Trotta, R. J., Ward, A. K., and K. C. Swanson. 2020. Influence of dietary fructose on visceral organ mass, carbohydrase activity, and mRNA expression of genes involved in small intestinal carbohydrate assimilation in neonatal calves. J. Dairy Sci. 103:10060-10073.
39. Tanner, A. R., M. L. Bauer, V. C. Kennedy, F. E. Keomanivong, J. D. Kirsch, L. P. Reynolds, G. L. Stokka, A. Rodas-Gonzalez, A. K. Ward, C. R. Dahlen, B. W. Neville, K. H. Ominski, K. A. Vonnahme, and K. C. Swanson. 2020. Influence of corn
40. supplementation to beef cows during mid- to late-gestation: Maternal feed intake, body condition, plasma metabolites, and calf growth. Livest. Sci. 240:104142.
41. Knutson, E. E., A. C. B. Menezes, X. Sun, A. B. P. Fontoura, J. H. Liu, M. L. Bauer, K. R. Maddock Carlin, K. C. Swanson, and A. K. Ward. 2020. Effect of feeding a low vitamin A diet on carcass and production characteristics of steers with a high or low propensity for marbling. Animal 11:2308-2314.
42. Bunma, T., M. A. Vasquez-Hidalgo, K. C. Swanson, S. T. Dorsam, C. Navanukraw, K. A. Vonnahme, and A. Grazul-Bilska. 2020. Nuclear and membrane progesterone receptors (PGR) expression in placenta from early to late pregnancy in sheep: Effects of restricted nutrition and re-alimentation. Theriogenology 148:95-102.
43. Trotta, R. J., M. A. Vasquez-Hidalgo, K. A. Vonnahme, and K. C. Swanson. 2020. Effects of nutrient restriction during mid- to late-gestation on maternal and fetal post-ruminal carbohydrase activities in sheep. J. Anim. Sci. 98:skz393.
44. Trotta, R. J., L. G. Sitorski, S. Acharya, D. W. Brake, and K. C. Swanson. 2020. Duodenal infusions of starch with casein or glutamic acid influence pancreatic and small intestinal carbohydrase activity in cattle. J. Nutr. 150:784-791.
45. Harmon, D. L., and K. C. Swanson. 2020. Review: Nutritional regulation of intestinal starch and protein assimilation in ruminants. Animal 14(S1): s17-s28.
46. Trotta, R. J., and K. C. Swanson. 2020. Effects of dietary supplement source on rate and extent of in vitro ruminal degradation from alfalfa-based diets for cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 100:244-252.
47. Freitas, T. B., T. L. Felix (Co-Author; 25% contribution), C. Clark, F. L. Fluharty, and A. E. Relling. 2020. Effect of corn processing during the finishing phase on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Trans. Anim. Sci. DOI: 10.1093/tas/txaa228 (Collaboration with Ohio State)
48. Carvalho, P.H.V., M.F. Westphalen, J.A. Campbell, and T.L. Felix. (Supervised Student Author; 40% contribution). 2020. Effects of coated and non-coated steroidal implants on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and serum estradiol-17β concentrations of finishing Holstein steers. Trans. Anim. Sci. 4:txaa190 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txaa190
49. Chishti, G.C., and T.L. Felix. (Supervised Student Author; 40% contribution). 2020. Effects of supplemental calcium butyrate on lamb growth, plasma metabolites, and hepatic gluconeogenic and inflammatory gene expression changes. Anim. Feed. Sci. Tech 270:1-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114678
50. Carvalho, P.H.V., and T.L. Felix. (Supervised Student Author; 40% contribution). 2020. Effects of cattle breed and corn processing on ruminal pH and volatile fatty acid concentrations, and apparent digestibility. Anim. Feed. Sci. Tech 269:1-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114659
51. Sales Silva, F. A., Valadares Filho, S. C., Costa e Silva, L., Fernandes, J., Lage, B., Chizzotti, M., and Felix, T. (Supervised Student Author; 25% contribution). 2020. Nutrient requirements and evaluations of equations to predict chemical body composition of dairy crossbred steers. Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci. p. 1-27 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0829
52. Carvalho, P.H.V., Pinto, A.C.J., Millen, D.D., and T.L. Felix (Supervised Student Author; 40%). 2020. Effect of cattle breed, Holstein or Angus, and basal diet, grain or forage, on diet digestibility, rumen bacterial communities, and eating and rumination activity. J. Anim. Sci. 98: 1-10. DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa114
53. Chishti, G. A., Salfer, I. Nedelkov, K., and Felix, T.L. (Supervised Student Author; 40%). 2020. Impacts of abruptly changing wethers from forage to grain diets on plasma metabolites, rumen histology, and mRNA expression of hepatic enzymes. Animals. 10: 686. DOI: 10.3390/ani10040686.
54. Sales Silva, F.A., Valadares Filho, S. C., Godoi, L.A., Silva, B.C., Pacheco, M.V.C, Zanetti, D., Benedeti, D.B., Silva, F.F., Felix, T.L. (Supervised Student Author; 30%). 2020. Effect of duration of restricted-feeding on nutrient excretion, animal performance, and carcass characteristics of Holstein × Zebu finishing steers. Anim. Prod. Sci. 60:535-544. DOI: 10.1071/AN18300.
55. Freitas, T. B., T. L. Felix (Co-Author; 25% contribution), W. Shriver, F. L. Fluharty, and A. E. Relling. 2020. Effect of corn processing on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and metabolite concentrations in feedlot cattle. Trans. Anim. Sci. 4. DOI: 10.1093/tas/txaa009 (Collaboration with Ohio State)
56. Carvalho, P. H. V., Perry, G. and Felix, T.L. (Supervised Student Author; 50% contribution). 2020. Effects of steroidal implants on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and serum and meat estradiol-17b concentrations of Holstein steers. Trans. Anim. Sci. 4:206-213. DOI: 10.1093/tas/txaa025
57. Dawson, C., P. Henley, A. Schroeder, C. Hayes, T. Felix, D. W. Shike, J. C. McCann. 2021. Effects of rubber matting on cattle performance and carcass characteristics in slatted facilities. J. Anim. Sci., 98(Supplement 3) doi: 10.1093/jas/skaa054.015 (Collaboration with UIUC)
58. Pittaluga, A. T.L. Felix, A. Relling. 2020. Late-Breaking Abstract: Effect of increasing levels of soy hulls in finishing diets of feedlot cattle offered free-choice hay on performance, roughage intake and carcass characteristics. J. Anim. Sci 98(Supplement 4) DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa278.619 (Collaboration with Ohio State)
59. Westphalen, M. F., Oh, J., Hristov, A. N., and Felix, T. L. (Supervised Student Author, 40%). 2020. Effects of rumen-protected Capsicum oleoresin on growth performance and immune response in growing beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci., 98(Supplement 3).doi: 10.1093/jas/skaa054.078
60. Carvalho, P. H., Perry, G. A., and Felix, T. L. (Supervised Student Author, 40%). 2020. Effects of steroidal implants on feedlot growth performance, carcass characteristics, and serum and meat estradiol-17 concentrations of Holstein steers. J. Anim. Sci., 98 (Supplement 3). doi: 10.1093/jas/skaa054.060
61. Reiter, A. S., A. DiCostanzo, M. Webb, J. Zeltwanger, C. C. Sheaffer, A. Jaqueth, and K. L. Martinson. 2020. Forage quality and beef cow preference is affected by wrap type of conventional and reduced-lignin alfalfa round bales stored outdoors. Trans. Anim. Sci. https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txaa167

62. Lourenco, J. M., T. R. Callaway, T. J. Kieran, T. C. Glenn, J. C. McCann, and R. L. Stewart, Jr. 2019. Analysis of the rumen microbiota of beef calves supplemented during the suckling phase. Front. Microbiol. 10:1131. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01131
63. Henley, P. A., G. Podico, E. Garrett, C. Kaplan, W. T. Meteer, J. C. McCann, I. Canisso, and D. W. Shike. 2020. Influence of distillers grains with solubles on bull growth and reproductive traits. Trans. Anim. Sci. 4: 229–241. doi: 10.1093/tas/txz189
64. Wu, J. X., C. Zong, T. Shao, Y. S. Liang, J. C. McCann, Z. H. Dong, J. F. Li, and Q. H. Liu. 2020. Clarifying the relationships among bacteria, lipid-related enzymes, main polyunsaturated fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) silage using various sugar supplementations. Anim. Sci. Feed. Technol. 272:114799. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114799
65. Hanlon, K. E., J. C. McCann, M. F. Miller, M. M. Brashears, C. L. Smith, J. C. Brooks, J. F. Legako. 2021. Microbial profile evaluation of beef steaks from different packaging and retail lighting display conditions. (in press)
66. Harsh, B. N., B. J. Klatt, M. J. Volk, A. R. Green-Miller, J. C. McCann. 2021. Effects of ractopamine hydrochloride on nutrient digestibility and nitrogen excretion of finishing beef cattle. Trans. Anim. Sci. (in press)
67. Pittaluga, A. P., S. Yu, W. Li, and J. C. McCann. 2021. Effect of exogenous glucoamylase inclusion on in vitro fermentation and performance of feedlot steers fed a dry-rolled corn-based diet. Trans. Anim. Sci. (in press)
68. Radke, S. L., S. M. Ensley, and S. L. Hansen. 2020. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry determination of hepatic copper, manganese, selenium, and zinc concentrations in relation to sample amount and storage duration. J. Vet. Diagn. Inv. 32(1):103-107. (Approximate percentage contribution-15%).
69. Jackson, T. D., R. N. Carmichael, E. L. Deters, E. M. Messersmith, K. R. VanValin, D. D. Loy, and S. L. Hansen. 2020. Comparison of multiple single-use, pulse-dose trace mineral products provided as injectable, oral drench, oral paste, or bolus on circulating and liver trace mineral concentrations of beef steers. Applied Animal Science. 36:26-35. (Approximate percentage contribution-40%).
70. Deters, E. L., and S. L. Hansen. 2020. Invited review: Linking road transportation with oxidative stress in cattle and other species. Applied Animal Science. 36(2): 183-200. (Approximate percentage contribution-20%).
71. Deters, E. L., and S. L. Hansen. 2020. Pre-transit vitamin C injection improves post-transit performance of beef steers. Animal. 14(10):2083-2090.
72. Heiderscheit, K. J., and S. L. Hansen. 2020. Effect of rumen-protected lysine on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and plasma amino acid profile in feedlot steers. Trans. Anim. Sci. 4(3):txaa128
73. VanValin, K. R., O. N. Genther-Schroeder, R. N. Carmichael, C. P. Blank, E. L. Deters, S. J. Hartman, E. K. Niedermayer, and S. L. Hansen. 2020. Trace mineral metabolism and nutrient digestibility in lambs supplemented with zinc sulfate during an adrenocorticotropic hormone challenge. Livestock Sci. 241:104197.
74. Carmichael-Wyatt, R. N., O. N. Genther-Schroeder, and S. L. Hansen. 2020. The influence of dietary energy and zinc source and concentration on performance, trace mineral status, and gene expression of beef steers. Trans. Anim. Sci. https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txaa207
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