Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

See attached file below for NC1197's annual report.

NC1197: Practical management of Nematodes on Corn, Soybeans and Other Crops of Regional Importance.

Meeting Minutes

August 4, 2020.

Attendees:

Andrew Bent – Wisconsin

Ann MacGuidwin – Wisconsin

Carl Bradley – Kentucky

Emmanuel Byamukama – South Dakota

Greg Tylka – Iowa

Guiping Yan – North Dakota

Haddish Melakeberhan – Michigan

Kaitlyn Bissonnette – secretary, Zoom host Missouri

Lei Zhang – Purdue, incoming

Marisol Quintanilla – Michigan

Nate Schroeder – Chair, Illinois

Senyu Chen – Minnesota

EB Wlezien – Iowa (student)

Chris Taylor – Ohio

Monica Pennewitt – Iowa (Student)

Cody Hoerning – Minnesota (student)

Tim Todd – Kansas

Christina Hamilton – Administrative (NIMSS)

Started at 8:34 AM

State Reports
Illinois

• Perennial glycine species – lesion and root knot nema – under objective 1A of project
• Nematode seed treatments – Microbial products and fluopyram on vermiform nematodes
• Nitrogen rates and nematodes
• Working with Nathan Kleczewski

Iowa

• Continue to track distribution of SCN in North America. Last map published in 2017. Have an update for 2020, plan to publish in Plant Health Progress.
• Doing variety trials at 9 locations against SCN. Published and distributed report of results through IA and N. IL. Showed data indicating continued shift in HG types overcoming PI88788. Data from 2019 in one location showed 20 bu/acre yield difference between two varieties with SCN resistance from Peking compared to the top-yielding variety with PI88788 SCN resistance, resulting in a $200/acre economic impact.
• Continue to evaluate seed treatments comparing seed treatments, over 119 trials over many years. Less than 10% showed a significant yield effect.
• Looking at cover crops and plant essential oils.
• Examining resistance gene stacking in collaboration with Andrew Scaboo (Univ. MO), Melissa Mitchum (Univ. GA) and Brian Diers (Univ. IL) on microplots.
• Looking at the effect of seed treatments on lesion nematode.

Discussion

Certain counties may not have SCN due to low soybean populations.

What is the female index where yield loss occurs in PI88788?--> probably varies among fields.

Kansas

Most SCN populations HG type 2.5.7 and most commercial varieties have PI88788-based resistance.

Testing new releases with alternate sources of resistance. These have mixed results

• Doing work on characterizing Pratylenchus population in NE and KS. P. scribneri and P. neglectus are most common.
• Examining host status of corn hybrids with different Pratylenchus species. Finding significant variation among hybrids. Although all crops can support some reproduction of lesion, there is variation in host preference.
• Worked with NE to describe alfalfa cyst nematode H. medicaginis as present.

Discussion

Symptoms of alfalfa cyst nematode similar to those of other cyst species.

Kentucky

• Found M. incognita in Daviess County, KY with severe symptoms.
• Conducted SCN survey of 27 counties. About 20% of fields had no SCN. 44% had low levels of SCN.
• Two years of soybean nematicidal seed treatments. ILevo, Aveo, Poncho Votivo. No statistical differences in yield among seed treatments.

Discussion

Fields in survey also examined for soil type, but this hasn’t been analyzed.

Michigan Haddish

• Examining soil health as an important priority for Michigan agriculture.
• Long term project looking at the effect of tillage and rotation on SCN and overall soil health using nematodes as a metric. Also looking at soil microbiome.

Discussion

The tillage treatments also impact the types of bacteria found.

Michigan Marisol

• Evaluating the effect of cover crop and manures on SCN reproduction.
• Looking at cover crop effect on various nematode species. Certain oil seed radish varieties suppress lesion nematode.
• Evaluating nematicides against SBCN. Abamectin successful at controlling.
• Finding diversity of Pratylenchus species on carrots. Evaluating whether different species impact carrot differentially. Found P. neglectus associated with wheat/carrot rotations.
• Surveying hops in Washington State, found hop cyst nematode is highly prevalent and is very damaging to hops growth.
• Looking at ornamentals/potato early dying.
• Also examining effect of manure and wood ash on lesion nematode.

Minnesota (Cody Hoerning)

• Looking at the effect of pennycress on SCN, specifically as a cover crop.
• Motivation is that previous greenhouse data suggests pennycress is a moderate to good host for SCN.
• Using microplot and field plot experiments. Looking at both fall and spring growth of overwintering pennycress.
• No reproduction on pennycress in fall. Some reproduction in spring, but was variable depending on planting date.
• Field experiments, conducted pilot study. No effect of pennycress on SCN populations.
• Also looking at overwintering in roots.
• Screening pennycress accessions for SCN resistance.

Minnesota (Senyu Chen)

• Examining QTL for resistance to SCN in dry bean.
• Looking for new sources of resistance in soybean to SCN.
• Looking at fungal communities and suppression of SCN.

Missouri

• Lots of flooding in 2019. Wet fall reduced soil sampling.
• Conducted seed treatment trials in four locations in MO and across NC region. BioST, Aveo, Nemastrike, Clariva, Ilevo tested. Data varied among locations. Two locations showed differences among treatments in female counts at 30 days, but results did not match the seed treatments between locations. Season long effects were variable.

North Dakota

• Screening soybean cultivars for SCN resistance, specifically focusing on HG types 0 and 2.5.7
• Screening cover crops for control of SCN. Examining a subset for mechanism of SCN suppression.
• Examining various species of Pratylenchus on diverse crops. Example is examining QTL mapping of wheat resistance to P. neglectus. Several Pratylenchus species examined on corn—new Pratylenchus described. Most corn hybrids support reproduction of new species.
• Using transcriptome profiling in corn against lesion to identify sources of resistance.
• Also looking at pennycress for suppression of lesion nematodes.
• Stubby root nematode. Looking at two different populations on potato. Find very spotty population distribution in field.
• Working on molecular diagnostics.

Discussion

Stubby root nematode very difficult to culture—highly sensitive to environment.

Don’t have enough data to make recommendation of cover crops for control of lesion.

Ohio

• Completing high tunnel project looking at root-knot on tomato. Becoming problematic as growers continually plant tomato. Examining several different biocontrol or biological-derived products. Actinovate and Bio-Activate showed control in greenhouse, but none had impact on yield.
• Examining volatile production from biocontrols using C. elegans and Fusarium oxysporum as test subjects. Screened 20 different Pseudomonad species and using mass spec to identify and quantify volatiles. Finding production of hydrogen cyanide. Finding that addition of specific amino acids leads to increased production of hydrogen cyanide. Leads to idea of soil priming.

South Dakota

• Updating distribution of SCN in S. Dakota. 34 counties positive—primarily in eastern half of state.
• Flooding last year led to reduced soil sample submissions.
• Testing Clariva and ILeVo for control of SCN on both susceptible and resistant varieties. No consistent effects.
• Continuing to test seed treatments.

Wisconsin (MacGuidwin)

• Examining spatial distribution of Pratylenchus in soybean. Found several different species, penetrans was fairly common. Developing models for spatial distribution of P. penetrans associated with physical and chemical components of soil. These could be used to predict negative binomial distribution of nematode counts. Using this to make nematode predictions for individual sub-field locations. Percent sand was negatively correlated with lesion nematode numbers.
• Estimating effect of lesion on soybean production. In one year found an estimated 4.7% yield loss in one field due to P. penetrans.
• Examining genetic diversity of P. penetrans and finding substantial diversity among WI populations.
• Continuing to find about 20% of soybean samples positive for SCN, this hasn’t changed over years. Similarly, HG types have remained stable in terms of female index.

Wisconsin (Bent)

• Examining molecular basis of resistance to SCN. Finding novel mechanisms of resistance.

Break for lunch at 12:15 PM to 1 PM

Afternoon discussion of renewal

Marty Draper (AA) discussed process of renewal and administrative issues with project.

Discussion among group regarding goals for project.

Business meeting commenced at 4:24 PM

Greg motion to approve minutes, Emmanuel second. Minutes approved

Kaitlyn was nominated and elected as Chair.

Emmanuel was nominated and elected to be secretary.

Kaitlyn proposed Ames, IA as a site with Zoom as backup, second by Nathan. Decision was made to go to Ames, IA on July 14-16^th, 2021, with the meeting starting at 8 am July 15 and ending at noon July 16.

Meeting adjourned at 4:45 pm.