SAES-422 Multistate Research Activity Accomplishments Report

Sections

Basic Information
Additional Info

Status: Approved

Basic Information

Project No. and Title: WERA_OLD27 : Potato Variety Development
Period Covered: 10/01/2013 to 09/01/2014
Date of Report: 04/01/2015
Annual Meeting Dates: 02/03/2015 to 02/03/2015

Adams Oksana oadams@uicaho.edu UI; Bain Peggy mbain@uidaho.edu UI; Bohlscheid Jeff Jeff.bohlscheid@simplot.com Simplot; Brandt Tina tbrandt@uidaho.edu UI; Brown Chuck chuck.brown@ars.usda.gov USDA-ARS; Champouret Nicolas nicolas.champouret@simplot.com Simplot; Charlton Brian A brian.a.charlton@oregonstate.edu OSU-KFREC; Culp Darrin daculp@ucanr.edu UC Davis; Dawson Larissa ldawson@sunrainvarieties.com Sunrain; Debons Jeanne jeannedebons@msn.com PVMI; Dolezal Chandler cdolezal@wsu.edu WSU; Drader Tom thomas.drader@conagrafoods.com Lamb Weston; Ewing Lorie lewing@uidaho.edu UI; Goktepe Fahrettin fgoktepe@sunrainvarieties.com Sunrain Varieties; Hoggan John joolhgna@msn.com Consultant; Hoggan Jr John johnxhoggan@gmail.com IP Rogueing; Holcombe Craig Craig.holcombe@simplot.com Simplot; Holden Zach zholden@wsu.edu WSU; Holm David david.holm@colostate.edu CSU; Jensen Andy ajensen@potatoes.com IPC/OPC/WSPC; Knowles Rick rknowles@wsu.edu WSU; Kole Pat patrick.kole@potato.idaho.gov IPC; Koym Jeff j-koym@tamu.edu TAMU; Lowder Chelsey chelseyl@uidaho.edu UI; Martin Mel melvin@melsconsulting.com Martin Consulting; Miller Creighton jcmillerjr@tamu.edu TAMU; Navarre Roy roy.navarre@ars.usda.gov USDA-ARS; Nedrow Bret bret.nedrow@simplot.com JRS; Novy Rich rich.novy@ars.usda.gov USDA-ARS; Olsen Nora norao@uidaho.edu UI; Paget Stephen stephen.paget@simplot.com Simplot; Pavek Mark mjpavek@wsu.edu WSU; Peterson Skyler skypeterson@ucanr.edu UC; Portenier Ransey ranseyp@uidaho.edu UI; Salaiz Tom thomas.salaiz@mccain.com McCain Foods USA; Sathuvalli Vidyasagar vidyasagar@oregonstate.edu OSU; Scheuring Douglas d-scheuring@tamu.edu TAMU; Schneider Brian brian.schneider@ars.usda.gov USDA-ARS; Shock Clint clinton.shock@oregonstate.edu OSU/MES; Spear Rhett rhett.spear@wsu.edu WSU; Stark Jeff jstark@uidaho.edu UI; Thill Donn dthill@uidaho.edu UI; Vargas Sean sean.vargas@simplot.com Simplot; Vincent Nick nick.vincent@simplot.com Simplot; Whitworth Jonathan jonathan.whitworth@ars.usda.gov USDA/ARS; Wilson Rob rgwilson@ucanr.edu UC IREC;

Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Chair Tom Drader called the meeting to order at 10:38 am Attendance Sheet passed around the room Motion to accept agenda by Larissa Dawson, SunRain; seconded by Dave Holm, CSU; approved Jeff Coym motioned to approve minutes, seconded by Tina Brandt; approved NIMSS Update - Donn Thill, University of Idaho. Late spring 2015 MRC to review new proposal for temp - WERA-027. May come back to writing committee for final revisions, with final approval in summer. NIFA has been included into the President’s FY16 budget. Increased $125 M over FY15. Additional $80 M for public private partnerships. Additional $20 M for competitive grants. A new administrative advisor will be appointed for WERA-27 this summer following the retirement of the current administrative advisor. State Reports Texas – Creighton Miller (hard copy given; electronic copy from Douglas Scheuring). Problems with specialty crops grant. Resubmission deadline passed; John Keeling – funds from MI and ME and others were sent to TAMU. ZebraChip lines have tolerance, NOT resistance. Charlie Rush: Choice ZC study update. CA – Black dot more evident. PVMI Update – Jeanne Debons. PVMI has collected royalties and licenses in excess of $3.3M. From this $1.4M has been directed back to the universities in the form of royalty checks and an additional $206,000 directly to support maintenance of PVMI lines, PVP costs and seed certifications costs. An additional $600,000 is held in an account for an operating reserve. The acreage of PVMI varieties was up to 6,871 in 2014 which compares to 5,704 in 2013. Work in Canada and internationally was summarized. A graphic showing cumulative annual income was presented that showed the 2013/14 fiscal year was behind the previous two years. This was thought to be because it was a late year. That money is coming in now. Royalty income by variety was presented as well as seed acreages for the 2014 crop year. Industry welcome to make early selections after the single hill and after the second field trial. This was implemented in 2014. $200 initially, then $500 yearly after. Discussion ensued regarding single hill ownership using the flagging method. There was an issue when conflicting parties on same selection team. According to John Hoggan, this is very beneficial as the specialty market is such an ever changing market and clones can and must be fast-tracked. This process has not been approved for russets nor for chipping selections. Additional discussion surrounding possibility of same clone being selected from different university programs, and how to handle numbering/naming. The discussion was tabled for more proper forum. Western Russet Report - Rich Novy. Reviewed: 2014 Western Regional Potato Variety Trial Report; compiled by Brian Schneider. (www.ars.usda.gov/main/docs.htm?docid=21888). Clarification on Table 5 (2014 Western Regional Potato Variety Trial Report ) - all locations now reporting >10 oz. Improved tuber early blight lesions assessment. Numbers reported on Table 12 are CY13 numbers; these will be replaced soon with updated data. Table 12 (2014 Western Regional Potato Variety Trial Report) - Zero for soft rot = none. Need to add glycoalkaloid comment for A02507-2LB in summary table. Post-harvest report - Rick Knowles. Reported on GA as a means for increasing tuber length of A02507-2LB. GA applied after seed cutting, as a dip (5 minute). Being used in CA to shift tuber size distribution. Marketable yield was unaffected. GA may not be needed in Idaho where L/W is acceptable. Chip Trial Report - Dave Holm. Reviewed: 2014 Western Regional Chipping Potato Trial Report; compiled by David Holm and Caroline Gray. Jonathan Whitworth clarified early blight portion of Table 11 (2014 Western Regional Chipping Potato Trial Report). Peggy Bain question whether to grade according to diameter; Dave Holm thinks grade data is ok by weight. Red Specialty Trial Report - Jeff Koym. Commented that selections for “small potato” market will need additional comments during grading. Chuck Brown asked what the market is for dark yellow fleshed varieties. John Hoggan replied that Dutch and German markets prefer yellow/cream to yellow/dark-yellow, and is dependent on export markets. Line Disposition. POR06V12-3 – decision to return to regional trial dependent on additional location testing for glycoalkaloids. The three (3) Texas entries to be Dual, not Fresh as listed on table. Western Regional Red/Specialty Trial – Transition is to move material entirely to WA due to very niche markets. Seed Supplies – Brian Charlton. Requests needed by Friday, February 13. Additional Business. Don Horneck’s OSU agronomist position open, tenure track (70% extension, 20% research, 5% service). Starting in March, Yi Wang, UI storage specialist begins in Kimberly 2016 Meeting Date/Location: Fort Collins, CO; Date TBD Election of Secretary: Chandler Dolezal, WSU Meeting Adjourned at 2:20 pm

Accomplishments

California: Rob Wilson, California Rocky Mountain Research & Extension Center, completed two cultural management studies in 2014 that included entries from the Western Regional program. One management study evaluated black spot and white knot bruising on Russet entries in storage. The other management study evaluated the appearance and quality of red and yellow skin specialty varieties after storage and commercial polishing. Colorado: Ninety eight parental clones were intercrossed with emphasis on russet and red cultivar development, general disease resistance, yellow flesh cultivar development, and disease resistance (PVY resistance). Approximately 39,308 first-size seedling tubers representing 166 families were produced from 2012 greenhouse crosses for initial field selection in 2015. These seedlings represent crosses segregating primarily for russet, reds, specialty types, and resistance to late blight, PVY, corky ringspot, and nematodes. Colorado grew 87,922 first-year seedlings representing 388 families in 2014, with 684 selected for subsequent planting, evaluation, and increase in future years. Another 702 clones were in 12-hill, preliminary, and intermediate stages of selection. Twelve advanced variety trials were grown under “low input” conditions, primarily for reduced nitrogen and fungicide. Idaho: In 2014 the Idaho breeding program evaluated over 100,000 1st field generation clones, at three seed sites. Advanced breeding clones being evaluated in 32 replicated field trials in six locations across southern Idaho. Thirty-six entries were entered in the Tri-State and Western Regional Trials to assess their performance relative to industry standards. Sixteen advanced breeding clones and varieties were entered into the 2014 National Fry Processing Trial (NFPT) which seeks to identify processing varieties having low acrylamide that could be rapidly adopted by the U.S. potato processing industry. Additional studies were conducted to determine optimal seed management practices, seed piece spacing, and vine kill timing for several of the advanced clones in the regional trial. Oregon: Four russet clones were evaluated in regional trials of which three will be retained for further evaluation in 2014, two russet clones were evaluated in the Tri-state trials and three specialty clones were evaluated and both the russet clones and two of three specialty clones were selected for advanced testing. Statewide trials included 20 russets, 5 chipping and 8 specialty clones. Of these clones 8 russet clones, 2 chipping clones and 4 specialty clones were promising and will be evaluated further in state wide advanced trials. Texas: Six hundred and fifty three parental combinations resulted in 92,581 first year seedlings, and were grown for selection near Springlake and Dalhart. Additionally, 258 original selections were made and 69 clones were intercrossed at Lubbock to produce 116 families. Seedlings tubers were received from the Colorado (20,390), Idaho (6,811), North Dakota (9,725), Oregon (37,500), and Wisconsin (2,034) breeding programs. The Texas breeding program grew 16,121 seedling tubers in the greenhouse at College Station from true seed and sent seedling tubers to Colorado (10,186), Idaho (3,283), North Dakota (3,186), and Wisconsin (3,609). Trials were conducted at Weslaco (winter), Springlake (spring), and Dalhart (summer) with a total of 888 advanced selections/new cultivars evaluated in 32 separate trials involving planting/harvesting over a nine month period. The Texas Program had eleven entries in the National Chip Processing Trial. The Texas Potato Field day was held on July 17th near Springlake, which included attendees from Canada to Mexico. Virtually all of the russet potatoes grown in Texas in 2014 were to the improved Texas Russet Norkotah strains. Washington: The 2014 Washington “Potato Cultivar Yield and Postharvest Quality Evaluations” includes a multi-year summary of russet-type clones that are graduating from the Regional Variety Trial. The 2014 WSU Commercial Potato Seed Lot Trial included 44 varieties. Currently 2 of 4 graduate students are currently being paid with PVMI royalties returned to the WSU Potato Group. WSU conducted 8 potato variety trials and multiple agronomy trials on new and existing varieties, including row width, fertility, tuber length, water deficit, and various seed treatment or nutrient additive trials. The 2015 Regional Russet Trial will include 28 entries with 10 coming from Idaho, 5 from Colorado, 6 from Oregon, and 3 from Texas, as well as the 4 standard checks. The 2015 Regional Chip Trial will include 7 entries with 4 coming from Colorado, 1 from Oregon, and the 2 standard checks. The 2015 Regional Red/Specialty Trial will include 23 entries with Idaho entering 1 red skin/white flesh, 1 red skin/yellow flesh, 1 purple skin/yellow flesh, and 3 yellow skin/yellow flesh varieties; Colorado entering 1 red skin/white flesh, 3 red skin/yellow flesh, 2 purple skin/yellow flesh, and 2 white skin/yellow flesh varieties; and Texas entering 1 red skin/white flesh, 2 red skin/yellow flesh, 1 white skin/yellow flesh, and 2 white skin/white fleshed varieties; and 3 standard checks.

Impacts

From the Colorado breeding program, Plant Variety Protection was granted for three varieties, and applications are in process for five others, and exclusive rights were granted to two additional varieties, providing the potato industry with additional russet and specialty varieties with enhance culinary properties and disease resistances.
By distributing seedling tubers to Idaho (USDA-ARS), Maine, North Dakota, Oregon, Texas, Wisconsin, and Alberta, Canada (Agriculture Canada), the Colorado breeding program continues to improve the genetic diversity of potato breeding programs.
A new website for the Colorado State University potato program was launched (www.potatoes.colostate.edu), providing growers and agronomists best growing practices of new varieties.
Idaho?s breeding program emphasizes selecting clones with adaptation to local conditions, resistance to multiple disease, and utility in both fresh and processing markets, thereby increasing production efficiency, and potentially reducing grower inputs. Release documents are being prepared for four Idaho varieties with high yield potential, improved culinary qualities and resistances to multiple diseases.
Progress is being made in Idaho on developing germplasm with resistance to PVY, PVX, and PLRV, PMTV, late blight (foliar and tuber), nematodes, corky ringspot and zebra chip disease. This germplasm will be shared with breeding programs throughout North America, which will provide solutions to serious potato disease problems.
A 2014 Idaho study showed that N fertilizer use efficiency of five recently released potato varieties was 10-35% better than Russet Burbank. These results have a direct impact on improving sustainable farming by potentially reducing fertilizer inputs.
Oregon?s release, AmaRosa, is currently one of the most widely planted red-skinned/red-fleshed varieties in USA certification programs. Purple Fiesta (Purple Pelisse) seed acreage was 15% of Purple Majesty, the most widely planted purple-skinned/purple-fleshed variety. In addition to Yukon Nugget, this new variety, released by Oregon State University in 2014, provides growers and consumers with additional selections of specialty potatoes with improved appearance and culinary qualities.
A major effort of the Texas breeding program continues to focus on Zebra Chip with efforts concentrated on improved detection methods and IPM practices for psyllid control for growers. Findings from this research will help growers control this disease using practices that are less costly and environmentally safer.
The Texas breeding program plans to release ATX91137-1Ru (Reveille Russet) an early maturing high yielding variety, giving growers more options for increased yield and quality.
Varieties recently released by the Tri-State potato program are now produced on more than 141,000 acres in the Pacific Northwest with value to growers estimated at approximately $510 million.
Through continued potato research and extension efforts 2014 US farm-gate value of Tri-State varieties increased by approximately $15 million compared to 2012, and the total US PVMI certified seed acreage for the 2014 seed crop year is 6,871 compared to 5,704 in 2013, 6,535 in 2012 and 6,426 in 2011.
Showing the wide-reaching impact of WERA-27 potato variety development, the following varieties have been submitted for Canadian grant of rights (PBR): AmaRosa, Huckleberry Gold, Palisade Russet, Sage Russet, Teton Russet, and the following varieties have begun field trials for future PBR: Payette Russet, Pomerelle Russet, Mountain Gem Russet, Targhee Russet, Smilin? Eyes.
Expanding beyond North America, the global impact of disease resistant varieties is exemplified by the variety Defender, with seed exported to Bangladesh according to Bangladesh importation specifications. This was accomplished with funding from an Emerging Markets Program Grant (EMP) proposal and a second QSP grant to cover transportation costs.
Potato Variety Management Insitute (PVMI), working with Interseed Potatoes GmbH in Germany, has submitted applications to CVPO to protect Classic Russet and Blazer Russet in 2013 and for Alpine Russet and Clearwater Russet in 2014, giving growers in that part of the globe access to these high yielding varieties. Norika GmbH currently is submitting applications to CVPO for Huckleberry Gold, AmaRosa, TerraRosa and Purple Pelisse, again showing the global impact of improved culinary quality varieties.

Publications

Novy, R.G., J.L. Whitworth, J.C. Stark, B.A. Charlton, S. Yilma, N.R. Knowles, M.J. Pavek, R.R. Spear, T.L. Brandt, N. Olsen, M. Thornton, C.R. Brown. 2014. Teton Russet: An Early-Maturing, Dual-Purpose Potato Cultivar Having Higher Protein and Vitamin C Content, Low Asparagine, and Resistances to Common Scab and Fusarium Dry Rot. American Journal of Potato Research 91:380-393. Whitworth, J.L., R. G. Novy, J. C. Stark, S.L. Love, M.K. Thornton, B.A. Charlton, S. Yilma, N. R. Knowles, M. J. Pavek, X. Wang , J.J. Pavek. 2014. Huckleberry Gold: A specialty market potato with purple skin, yellow flesh, high tuber antioxidants, and resistance to potato cyst nematode (H1) and Potato virus X (Nb and Rx1). American Journal of Potato Research 91: 447-458.

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