Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Project/Activity Number: NCCC-308 Project/Activity Title: Nutrition and Management of Feedlot Cattle to Optimize Performance, Carcass value, and Environmental Compatibility (NCT-192) Period Covered: May 2013 to May 2014 Annual Meeting Dates: May 20 – 22, 2014 Annual Meeting Location: Wooster, OH Members present: Alfredo DiCostanzo, Univ. of MN Francis Fluharty, The Ohio State Univ. (Chair) Stephanie Hanson, Iowa State Univ. Steve Loerch (Secretary, Chair elect) University of Illinois Tara Felix. Univ of Illinois Matt Luebbe. Univ. of Nebraska (Secretary and elected chair) Robbi Pritchard, South Dakota State University Steve Rust. Michigan state Univ. Dan Schaefer. Univ. of Wisconsin Jon Schoonmaker. Purdue University Kendall Swanson. Noerth Dakota State Univ. Guests: Jeff Kafka (Elanco), The Ohio State University Beef Team ? Tuesday, May 20th General gathering and introduction of new members and guests. Review committee meeting agenda and discuss priority areas. Wednesday, May 21st Steve Smith joined via conference call to discuss changes for NIFA funding opportunities. Steve provided a report on funding changes as they relate to individual or multi-investigator grants. Francis Fluharty and the OSU Beef Team discussed the structure and function of beef research and extension at OSU. Current and proposed collaborative efforts were discussed to strengthen programs. Experiment Station Reports- Faculty from the 10 institutions that attended the meeting presented research focused on the challenges and opportunities in each state. There were several key areas identified and discussed that met one or more goals of the group. Tour OARDC Campus and Beef/Sheep Centers Experiment Station Reports- Continuation from previous session Dinner at Certified Angus Beef- Role of CAB, consumer preferences and potential challenges the beef industry may need to address to maintain customer acceptance. Thursday May 22rd Experiment Station Reports Committee administration meeting and plans for 2015- The group decided to hold the meeting in Scottsbluff NE at the Panhandle Research and Extension Center.

SHORT-TERM OUTCOMES General: Members of the NCCC306 continued to achieve goals that address nutrition and management issues related to performance, carcass value, and environmental sustainability of beef feedlot operations. This year, 11 committee members met to discuss novel approaches to integrate individual contributions into a cohesive report that is meaningful to our clientele. Our current report demonstrates the overall outcomes, outputs, activities, milestones and impacts as a group. In addition to committee member participation, our guests included members from the Ohio State University Beef Team and allied industry. Our group was successful meeting the overall goals to improve the sustainability of the beef feedlot industry. Objective 1. Enhance the utilization of C from energy feeds to compete in an energy economy and improve national food security. Utilization of co-products as substitutes for corn grain and concomitant issues arising from their utilization such as need to utilize degradable intake protein, deleterious effects of sulfur concentrations, and need to process grain were issues committee members concentrated their research focus. Significant effort was dedicated by members from three states to understand effects of removing oil from condensed distillers solubles or distillers grains and solubles on energy value and performance and beef quality response. Emerging co-products from further processing distillers grains and solubles and of algae production and effects of K supplementation in high-forage diets were new efforts reported this year by IA and WI researchers. A grand total of members from 6 states contributed to this objective (IL, IA, MN, NE, ND and WI). Objective 2. To enhance the environmental sustainability of the feedlot industry through conservation and nutrient management. Research on impact of facilities design on capacity to retain nutrients from manure was presented. A novel method of measuring methane concentrations was tested in low-energy diets based on distillers grains and solubles and supplemented or not with monensin was tested. Similarly, methane concentrations were reported with diets containing greater forage concentrations, and rumen methane concentrations at time zero were correlated most with total methane production. Three member states (IL, MN, NE) participated advancing knowledge basis on impact of facility design on fertilizer value of manure, and ruminal response to dietary concentrations of distillers grains and solubles, forage and monensin. Objective 3. To enhance the production efficiency and quality of feedlot cattle through management strategies and technologies. Members representing two states continued the group’s effort to research and report on alkali treatment of forages to enhance their value. Several efforts were initiated to understand effects of cattle management on performance, carcass characteristics or beef sensory and quality traits through emerging and established technologies including gene expression, early weaning, feeding time and feed allowance, dietary forage concentration, manipulating protein concentration or source, use of essential oils in the presence of monensin, feeding a complete diet pellet, vitamin or yeast supplementation, mineral supplementation of the feedlot animal or dam, feed efficiency ranking, and use of ?-agonists. Tail docking in dairy steers maintained in slatted floor facilities was evaluated also. A novel additive was also evaluated as its ability to reduce nitrogen volatilization. Members from the states of IA, IL, IN, MI, MN, ND, NE, OH, OK, and SD contributed to this objective. Vitamin E supplementation of the feedlot steer or selenium supplementation of the dam had positive impacts on feed efficiency in the feedlot. OUTPUTS Committee members from 11 states made 110 presentations to stakeholders in state, regional, or national meetings. The presentations included webinars, cattle producer meetings, and scientific meetings across the US. Findings associated with NCCC308 Objectives were presented. In 2013, members of the committee published 51 refereed journal articles, 12 papers in proceedings, 53 experiment station publications, and 76 abstracts on project objectives. In addition, committee members published 27 articles in trade publications and newsletters. These outputs were communicated to academia, beef producers, feed industries, pharmaceutical industries, and consulting nutritionists and veterinarians. ACTIVITIES Objective 1: Enhance the utilization of C from energy feeds to compete in an energy economy and improve national food security. Ruminal response to glycerin supplementation and effects of maturity on ruminal fermentation traits of Miscanthus sp., an alternative forage, were evaluated by University of Illinois. Work by Iowa State University under this objective focused on impact of dietary sulfur and inclusion of vitamin C on activity of calpain. Also, two emerginc co-products (distillers grains and algae meal) were evaluated for their impact on feedlot performance. Studies by University of Minnesota, University of Nebraska, and North Dakota State University focused on impact of feeding oil-extracted distillers grains and solubles on ruminal fermentation and feedlot performance. Further, University of Minnesota continued its focus on understanding ruminal need for degradable protein through a meta-analysis of existing performance data. North Dakota State University focused on type of forage supplemented at 10% forage NDF on performance and carcass characteristics. University of Wisconsin evaluated adequacy of current MP system in feedlot diets. Objective 2: To enhance the environmental sustainability of the feedlot industry through conservation and nutrient management. University of Illinois continued study of methane production under a variety of dietary conditions. University of Minnesota demonstrated that greater nutrient retention was achieved by facilities that contain feces and urine in a pit as opposed to facilities managed with a bed pack or on an open lot. University of Nebraska researched a new approach at measuring methane production. Objective 3: To enhance the production efficiency and quality of feedlot cattle through management strategies and technologies. Most of the universities represented at the meeting reported under this objective as a variety of technologies both new and established were tested for their impact on performance, carcass quality or beef quality. Iowa State University evaluated impact of feed efficiency ranking during the growing phase on performance and digestibility. University of Illinois researched performance on low to high concentrations of dietary protein. North Dakota State University also investigated protein concentration and bedding rate on cattle performance. Also, The Ohio State University researched effects of protein source in high-forage diets on performance. University of Illinois researched impact of using ractopamine at the newly approved higher dose in heifers. In this regard, University of Nebraska evaluated impact of sorting cattle before and during ractopamine feeding. Also, South Dakota State University tested the hypothesis that Ca repletion may improve beef quality in cattle fed zilpaterol. Alkali treatment of forages was researched by Purdue University and University of Nebraska. Further Purdue University researched impact of supplementing Se to the dam on feedlot performance. University of Michigan studied impact of supplementing vitamin E on feedlot performance of dairy steers and impact of tail docking on tail injury and welfare. University of Minnesota studied effects of yeast supplementation on ruminal fermentation of high grain diets. University of Nebraska studied effects of feeding essential oils in conjunction with monensin on feedlot performance. In addition, they studied impact of feeding a complete receiving pellet and of feeding a novel additive on nitrogen volatilization. North Dakota State University studied effects of feeding time and feeding allowance on performance of cattle. They also evaluated effects of increasing forage in feedlot diets on performance and beef quality. The Ohio State University studied impact of weaning age on performance, carcass characteristics and beef quality. Oklahoma State University studied integrated effects of exposing cattle to production technologies on performance, carcass characteristics and beef quality. Also, they studied impact of ancillary antibiotic treatment to BRD on treatment response. Further they elucidated impact of BRD on performance and beef quality. South Dakota State University studied impact of understanding certain gene expression on beef quality. MILESTONES The group’s accomplishments in 2013 represents milestones in progress towards five major areas: 1) contributing to our understanding of the impact of oil extraction of distillers grains and solubles on energy values, 2) demonstrating the resulting value of alkali treated forages while determining simpler inclusion approaches, 3) advancing our understanding of effects of diet and facilities on nutrient output, 4) furthering our knowledge of impacts of source and protein fraction supplementation on performance, and 5) demonstrating impacts of novel strategies or approaches to improve performance, beef quality and animal welfare. Data reported by University of Nebraska and North Dakota State University demonstrated that oil extraction may not impact performance while results from data by the University of Minnesota supported their findings and further proposed that ruminal fermentation impact in high-oil distillers grains and solubles, although contributing to greater energy supply post-ruminal, may negatively impact microbial fermentation in the rumen. This would explain the lack of observed differences in vivo. University of Nebraska and Purdue University contributed to a greater understanding of the value of alkali-treated corn stalks or adding alkali directly as diets are mixed. In studies where alkali-treated corn stalks were fed to cattle at 20% of diet dry matter, cattle fed only 6% untreated corn stalks performed better. Similarly, an apparent alkali-treated forage and distillers grains and solubles inclusion interaction was elucidated wherein moderate to low inclusions of alkali-treated corn stalks in high distillers grains and solubles diets was a better option than in low distillers grains and solubles diets. On the other hand, low inclusions of alkali directly to the diet appeared to show promise. Data from the University of Minnesota revealed that concentrations of manure nutrients were greater for manure samples derived from facilities where greater manure capture was possible as is the case for confined buildings with slatted floor facilities over a pit. Also, methane production may be associated with feeding time concentrations of methane in the rumen as indicated by University of Illinois reports. Lastly, a novel method to determine methane was unveiled by University of Nebraska researchers. This method will serve as a simple, yet accurate method of determining impacts of diet on methane production in the future. As the National Research Council commissioned analyzing and developing the new standards for cattle feeding under the Council’s Nutrient Requirement Series for Beef Cattle, data from studies presented by University of Wisconsin, North Dakota State University, University of Minnesota, The Ohio State University, and University of Illinois on response by growing and finishing cattle exposed to various protein sources and protein fractions demonstrating various intake responses will contribute greatly to researchers involved in writing new cattle feeding standards. Universities represented by this group continue active work to develop and test new approaches to determining impact of management strategies on performance and beef quality. New forays into bringing gene expression technology to predict beef quality were demonstrated by South Dakota State University. Applications of existing approaches such as vitamin and mineral nutrition have been investigated by South Dakota State University, Purdue University, and Michigan State University with a focus on increasing performance response and response by beef quality traits. Newer approaches to management such as early weaning, ancillary BRD therapies, increased doses of ractopamine, complete pelleted receiving diets, and feed efficiency ranking were used to improve performance response by The Ohio State University, Oklahoma State University, University of Illinois, University of Nebraska and Iowa State University, respectively.

Publications Refereed Publications Abo-Ismail, M. K., G. Vander Voort, E. J. Squires, K. C. Swanson, I. B. Mandell, P. Stothard, S. Moore, G. Plastow, and S. P. Miller. 2014. Single nucleotide polymorphisms for feed efficiency and performance in crossbred beef cattle. BMC Genetics. 15:14. Abo-Ismail, M. K., M. J. Kelly, E. J. Squires, K. C. Swanson, and S. P. Miller. 2013. Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in digestive and metabolic processes associated with feed efficiency and performance traits in beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 91:2512-2529. J.C. Macdonald. 2013. Effects of crude glycerin on receiving performance and health status of beef steers and nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics of growing steers. J. Anim. Sci. 91:4277-4289. Awda, B. J., S. P. Miller, Y. R. Montanholi, G. Vander Voort, T. Caldwell, M. M. Buhr, and K.C. Swanson. 2013. The relationship between feed efficiency traits and fertility in young beef bulls. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93:185-192. Bloomberg, B.D., G.G. Mafi, B.J. Pye, J.L. Wahrmund, C.J. Richards. J.D. Morgan, and D.L. VanOverbeke. 2013. Impact of health management, health treatments, and zilpaterol hydrochloride supplementation on carcass quality, color, and palatability traits in heifers. J. Anim. Sci. 91:3465–3473. Bohrer, B.M., B.M. Edenburn, D.D. Boler, A.C. Dilger, and T.L. Felix. 2014. Effect of feeding ractopamine hydrochloride (Optaflexx) with or without supplemental zinc and chromium propionate on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of finishing steers. J. Anim. Sci. (Accepted) Borhan, M.S., D.P. Gautam, C. Engel, V.L. Anderson, and S. Rahman. 2013. Effects of pen bedding and feeding high crude protein diets on manure composition and greenhouse gas emissions from a feedlot pen surface. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 63(12):1457–1468. Buckner, C. D., T. J. Klopfenstein, and G. E. Erickson. 2013. Evaluation of modifications to the neutral detergent fiber analysis procedure for corn and distillers grains plus solubles. Prof. Anim. Scient. 29:252-259. Drewnoski, M. E. and S. L. Hansen. 2013a. Effect of delaying the feeding of high sulfur until 28 days after adaptation to finishing diet on cattle intake, gain, and ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentrations. Livestock Science. 155:230-235. Duckworth, M.J., A.S. Schroeder, D.B. Faulkner, G.C. Fahey, and T.L. Felix. 2014. Effects of feeding calcium oxide treated wet distillers grains with solubles or treated corn stover to cattle on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and ruminal metabolism. Prof. Anim. Sci. (Submitted) Felix, T.L., C.J. Long, S.A. Metzger, and K.M. Daniels. 2014. Adaptation to various sources of dietary sulfur by ruminants. J. Anim. Sci. Published online before print March 26, 2014, doi: 10.2527/jas.2013-7156. Felix, T.L., S.C. Loerch, and F.L. Fluharty. 2013. Protein supplementation for growing cattle fed a corn silage based diet. Prof. Anim. Sci. (In press) Fink, R. C., Popowski, J. M., Dahlberg, J. L., Kalyanikutty, S., Crawford, G. I., DiCostanzo, A., Cox, R. B., Diez- Gonzalez, F. 2013. Impact of management practices and distillers' grains feeding on the prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 in feedlot cattle in Minnesota. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 10:559-565. Hales, K.E., K.J. Kraich, R.G. Bondurant, B.E. Meyer, M.K. Luebbe, M.S. Brown, N.A. Cole, Hales, K.E., R.G. Bondurant, M.K. Luebbe, N.A. Cole, and J.C. MacDonald. 2013. Effects of Holligan, S., J. Wang, J. P. Cant, and K. C. Swanson. 2013. A mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach to detect tissue-wide adaptive changes associated with increased ?-amylase activity in domestic cattle (Bos Taurus). Comp. Biochem. Phys. D. 8:65-71. Islas, A., T. C. Gilbery, R. S. Goulart, C. R. Dahlen, M. L. Bauer, and K. C. Swanson. 2014. Influence of supplementation with corn dried distillers grains plus solubles to growing calves fed medium-quality hay on growth performance and feeding behavior. J. Anim. Sci. 92:705-711. Kim, Minseok, Tara L. Felix, Steve C. Loerch, and Zhongtang Yu. 2014. Effect of haylage and monensin supplementation on ruminal bacterial communities of feedlot cattle. Current Microbio. Published online before print March 30, 2014, doi: 10.1007/s00284-014-0564-1. Klopfenstein, T. J., G. E. Erickson, and L. L. Berger. 2013. Maize is a critically important source of food, feed, energy and forage in the USA. Field Crops Research 153C:96-102. Knobel, S.M., G.G. Mafi, C. Mireles De Witt, J.B. Morgan, C.J. Richards, and D.L. VanOverbeke. 2013. The impact of post-harvest interventions on the color stability, and subsequently, the palatability of beef from cattle fed wet distillers grain. J. Anim. Sci. 91:1468–1479. Kobayashi, N., E. A. Noel, A. Barnes, A. Watson, J. N. Rosenberg, G. Erickson, and G. A. Oyler. 2013. Characterization of three Chlorella sorokiniana strains in anaerobic digested effluent from cattle manure. Bioresource Tech. 150:377-386. Korn, K. T., J. N. Waddell, M. C. Claeys, R. P. Lemenager, and J. P. Schoonmaker. 2013. Supplemental vitamin D3 and zilpaterol hydrochloride II. Effect on calcium concentrations, muscle fiber type, and calpain expression in feedlot steers. J. Anim. Sci. Korn, K. T., M. C. Claeys, R. P. Lemenager, and J. P. Schoonmaker. 2013. Supplemental vitamin D3 and zilpaterol hydrochloride I. Effect on performance, vitamin D metabolites, Lin, M., D. M. Schaefer, G. Q. Zhao and Q. X. Meng. 2013. Effects of nitrate adaptation by rumen inocula donors and substrate fiber proportion on in vitro nitrate disappearance, methanogenesis, and rumen fermentation acid. Animal 7:1099-1105. Lin, M., W. Guo, Q. Meng, D. M. Stevenson, P. J. Weimer and D. M. Schaefer. 2013. Changes in Rumen Bacterial Community Composition in Steers in Response to Dietary Nitrate. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 97: 8719-8727. DOI 10.1007/s00253-013-5143-z Meyer, N. F., G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, J. R. Benton, M. K. Luebbe, and S. B. Laudert. 2013. Effects of monensin and tylosin in finishing diets containing corn wet distillers grains with solubles with differing corn processing methods. J. Anim. Sci. 91:2219-2228. Montanholi, Y. R., K. C. Swanson, R. Palme, G. Vander Voort, L. S. Haas, and S. P. Miller. 2013. Glucocorticoids as biomarkers for feed efficiency in cattle. Livest. Sci. 155:130-136. Montanholi, Y., A. Fontoura, K. Swanson, B. Coomber, S. Yamashiro, and S. Miller. 2013. Small intestine histomorphometry of beef cattle with divergent feed efficiency. Acta Vet. Scand. 55:9. Morrow, L. A., T. L. Felix, F. L. Fluharty, K. M. Daniels, S. C. Loerch. 2013. Effects of sulfur and acidity on performance and digestibility in feedlot lambs fed dried distillers grains with solubles. J. Anim. Sci. 91:2211–2218. Nafikov, R. A., J. P. Schoonmaker, K. T. Korn, K. Noack, D. J. Garrick, K. J. Koehler, J. Minick-Bormann, J. M. Reecy, D. E. Spurlock, and D. C. Beitz. 2013. Association of polymorphisms in solute carrier family 27, isoform A6 (SLC27A6) and fatty acid binding protein-3 and fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP3 and FABP4) with fatty acid Nafikov, R. A., J. P. Schoonmaker, K. T. Korn, K. Noack, D. J. Garrick, K. J. Koehler, J. Minick-Bormann, J. M. Reecy, D. E. Spurlock, and D. C. Beitz. 2013. Sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1) polymorphism and milk fatty acid composition. J. Dairy Sci. 96:2605-2616. Nichols, C. A., V. R. Bremer, A. K. Watson, C. D. Buckner, J. L. Harding, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, and D. R. Smith. 2013. The effect of sulfur and use of ruminal available sulfur as a model to predict incidence of polioencephalomalacia in feedlot cattle. Bovine Pract. 47(1):47-53. Paulus Compart, D. M., A. M. Carlson, G. I. Crawford, R. C. Fink, F. Diez-Gonzalez, A. DiCostanzo, and G. C. Shurson. 2013. Presence and biological activity of antibiotics used in fuel ethanol and corn co-product production. J. Anim. Sci. 91:2395-2404. Pogge, D. J. and S. L. Hansen. 2013. Effect of varying concentrations of vitamin C on performance, blood metabolites, and carcass characteristics of steers consuming a common high-sulfur (0.55% S) diet. J. Anim. Sci. 91:5754-5761. Pogge, D. J. and S. L. Hansen. 2013. Supplemental vitamin C improves marbling in feedlot Prezotto, L. D., C. O. Lemley, L. E. Camacho, F. E. Doscher, A. M. Meyer, J. S. Caton, K. A. Vonnahme, and K. C. Swanson. 2013. Effects of nutrient restriction and melatonin supplementation on maternal and fetal hepatic and small intestinal energy utilization. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12142. R.G. Bondurant, and M.L. Galyean. 2013. Effects of dietary concentration of wet distillers grains on performance by newly received beef cattle, in vitro gas production and volatile fatty acid concentration, and in vitro dry matter disappearance. J. Anim. Sci. 91:2836-2845. Rahman, S., M. S. Borhan, and K. Swanson. 2013. Greenhouse gas emissions from beef cattle pen surfaces in North Dakota. Envir. Tech. 34:1239-1246. Saatchi, M., D. J. Garrick, R. G. Tait, M. S. Mayes, M. Drewnoski, J. P. Schoonmaker, C. Diaz, D. C. Beitz, and J. M. Reecy. 2013. Genome-wide association and prediction of direct genomic breeding values for composition of fatty acids in Angus beef cattle. BMC Salim, H., K. M. Wood, P. L. McEwen, G. Vandervoort, S. P. Miller, I. B. Mandell, J. P. Cant, and K. C. Swanson. 2014. Influence of feeding increasing level of dry or modified wet corn distillers grains plus solubles in whole corn grain-based finishing diets on growth performance, carcass traits, and feeding behavior in finishing cattle. Livest. Sci. 161:53-59. Sarturi, J. O., G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, J. T. Vasconcelos, W. A. Griffin, K. M. Rolfe, J. R. Benton, and V. R. Bremer. 2013. Sulfur content in wet or dry distillers grains at several inclusions on cattle growth performance, ruminal parameters, and hydrogen sulfide. J. Anim. Sci. 91:4849-4860. Sarturi, J. O., G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, K.M.Rolfe, C.D. Buckner, and M. K. Luebbe. 2013. Impact of source of sulfur on ruminal hydrogen sulfide and logic for the ruminal available sulfur for reduction concept. J. Anim. Sci. 91:3352-3359. Sayer, K. M., C. D. Buckner, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, C. N. Macken, and T. W. Loy. 2013. Effect of corn bran and steep inclusion in finishing diets on diet digestibility, cattle performance, and nutrient mass balance. J. Anim. Sci. 91:3847-3858. Schoonmaker, J. P., K. T. Korn, K. N. Condron, C. N. Shee, M. C. Claeys, T. D. Nennich, and R. P. Lemenager. 2013. Effect of decreasing dietary cation anion difference (DCAD) on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and beef tenderness. J. Anim. Sci. 91:5762- Schoonmaker, J. P., M. C. Claeys, and R. P. Lemenager. 2013. Effect of increasing distillers grains inclusion on performance and carcass characteristics of early-weaned steers. J. Anim. Sci. 91:1784-1790. Schroeder, A.R., M. Iakiviak, and T.L. Felix. 2014. Effects of feeding dry or modified wet distillers grains with solubles with or without supplemental calcium oxide on ruminal metabolism and microbial enzymatic activity of beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. (Submitted) Schroeder, A.R., M.J. Duckworth, D.W. Shike, J.P. Schoonmaker, and T.L. Felix. 2014. Effects of calcium oxide treatment of dry and modified wet distillers grains plus solubles on growth performance and apparent digestibility of feedlot steers. J. Anim. Sci. (Submitted) Shinners, K. J., G. C. Boettcher, D. M. Schaefer and A. M. Troutman. 2013. Cattle preference for hay from round bales with different wrap types. Prof. Anim. Sci. 29:665-670. Smith, D.R., C.H. Ponce, N. Dilorenzo, M.J. Quinn, M.L. May, J.C. MacDonald, M.K. Luebbe, Spiehs, M.J., T. M. Brown-Brandl, D. B. Parker, D. N. Miller, J. P. Jaderborg, A. DiCostanzo, E. D. Berry, and J. E. Wells. 2013. Use of wood-based materials in beef bedded manure packs: 1. effect on ammonia, total reduced sulfide, and greenhouse gas concentrations. J. Environ. Qual. doi:10.2134/jeq2013.05.0164. Spiehs, M.J., T. M. Brown-Brandl, E. D. Berry, J. E. Wells, D. B. Parker, D. N. Miller, J. P. Jaderborg, and A. DiCostanzo 2013. Use of wood-based materials in beef bedded manure packs: 2. Effect on odorous volatile organic compounds, odor activity value, Escherichia coli, and nutrient concentrations. J. Environ. Qual. doi:10.2134/jeq2013.05.0165. Swanson, K. C., A. Islas, Z. E. Carlson, R. S. Goulart, T. C. Gilbery, and M. L. Bauer. 2014. Influence of dry-rolled corn processing and increasing dried corn distillers grains plus solubles inclusion for finishing cattle on growth performance and feeding behavior. J. Anim. Sci. doi :10.25 27/jas.2013-75 47. Watson, A. K., B. L. Nuttelman, T. J. Klopfenstein, L. W. Lomas, and G. E. Erickson. 2013. Impacts of a limit feeding procedure on variation and accuracy of cattle weights. J. Anim. Sci. 91:5507-5517 Proceedings and Technical Reports Doscher, F. E., E. A. Nere, R. D. Yunosova, L. E. Camacho, C. O. Lemley, L. D. Prezotto, K. A. Vonnahme, J. S. Caton, and K. C. Swanson. 2013. Effects of realimentation after nutrient restriction during early to mid-gestation on pancreatic digestive enzymes in beef cattle. In: J. W. Oltjen, E. Kebreab, and H. Lapierre (Eds.) Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition in sustainable animal production. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition. EAAP publication No. 134. Wageningen Academic Publishers, The Netherlands. pp 285-286. Felix, Tara L. 2013. Alternative Feedstuffs and Changing Co-products: Feedlot Cattle. Driftless Region Beef Conference. January 31, 2013. Felix, Tara L. 2013. New information on corn co-products: Implications for ration formulation. Mn Nutr. Conf. September 17, 2013. Luebbe, M.K. Colorado Nutrition Roundtable, American Registry of Professional Animal Luebbe, M.K. Nebraska Beef Feedlot Roundtable, Bridgeport NE, Lexington NE, West Point Luebbe, M.K. Husker Beef Nutrition Conference, Mead NE. “Sorghum vs corn distillers grains” (November 2013). NE. “UNL Feedlot Research Update”. (February 2013). Prezotto, L. D., L. E. Camacho, C. O. Lemley, F. E. Doscher, J. S. Caton, K. A. Vonnahme, and K. C. Swanson. 2013. Effects of nutrient restriction in beef cows during early and midgestation on maternal and fetal liver and small intestinal mass and in vitro oxygen consumption. In: J. W. Oltjen, E. Kebreab, and H. Lapierre (Eds.) Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition in sustainable animal production. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition. EAAP publication No. 134. Wageningen Academic Publishers, The Netherlands. pp 463-464. Pritchard, R.H. 2013. A performance and cost of production comparison for three types of feedlot facilities. In Proc. of the Beef Facilities Conference. 21 November 2013, Sioux Falls, SD. Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, Ames, IA. pages 27-29. Schaefer, M., K. Albrecht, and D. Schaefer. 2013. Animal performance while grazing tall or meadow fescue with or without white clover. Midw. Forage Assn. Forage Focus, May 2013. p. 18. Schoonmaker, J. P. 2013. Effect of maternal nutrition on calf health and growth. Proceedings of the 2013 Tri-State Dairy Nutrition Conference. Fort Wayne, IN. April 23-24. Pages 63-80. Available: http://tristatedairy.osu.edu/Proceedings%202013/Jon%20Schoonmaker.pdf Schoonmaker, J. P. 2013. Effects of lifetime nutrition on beef quality. Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium of Beef Cattle Production. Lavras, MG, Brazil. Pages 155-179. Scientists, Fort Collins, CO, "Feedling De-Oiled Distillers Grains to Cattle" (September 2013). Abstracts A.R. Taylor, D.A. Mohrhauser, K.R. Underwood, R.H. Pritchard, A.E. Wertz-Lutz, and A.D. Weaver. 2013. The influence of maternal energy restriction during mid-gestation on beef offspring growth performance and carcass characteristics. Reciprocal Meats Conference. 2013 Poster Presentation. Aluthge, N. D., Y. A. Wanniarachchi, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, B. L. Nuttelman, C. J. Schneider, and S. C. Fernando. 2013. The effect of commensal microbial communities on the fecal shedding of Shiga-toxin producing E. coli (STEC) in beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl.2):78 (Abstr.) Anderson, C., M. Jolly, G. Erickson, T. Klopfenstein, and S. Fernando. 2013. Effects of dietary change on viral-bacterial interactions in the rumen of cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):57 (Abstr.) Anderson, V. L., and C. L. Engel. 2013. Evaluation of field pea forages in growing and finishing feedlot rations. J. Anim. Sci. 96:132 (Suppl. 1.) Abstract. Bittner, C. J., B. L. Nuttelman, C. J. Schneider, D. B. Burken, L. Johnson, T. L. Mader, T. J. Klopfenstein, and G. E. Erickson. 2013. Effects of increasing soybean hulls in finishing diets with distillers grains on performance and carcass characteristics. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):54 (Abstr.) Bittner, C. J., G. E. Erickson, K. H. Jenkins, M. K. Luebbe, and T. Wistuba. 2013. Including NEXT ENHANCE essential oils in finishing diets on performance with or without monensin and tylosin. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):81 (Abstr.) Bohrer, B.M., B.M. Edenburn, S.C. Loerch, D.D. Boler, A.C. Dilger, and T.L. Felix. 2014. Effect of feeding ractopamine hydrochloride (Optaflexx) with or without supplemental zinc and chromium propionate on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and LM quality of finishing steers. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 92(E-Suppl. 2): 33. Burken, D. B., B. L. Nuttelman, T. J. Klopfenstein, and G. E. Erickson. 2013. Impact of replacing corn with corn silage in diets containing distillers grains on feedlot performance. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):14 (Abstr.) Carlson, Z. E., A. Islas, R. S. Goulart, T. Gilbery, M. L. Bauer, and K. C. Swanson. 2013. Effect of corn processing and distiller’s grains inclusion on intake, rumination, and resting time of finishing steers fed a high-concentrate diet. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):136-137. Carlson, Z. E., T. C. Gilbery, A. Islas, M. L. Bauer, and K. C. Swanson. 2014. Influence of forage source on growth performance and feeding behavior in finishing steers. J. Anim. Sci. 92(Suppl. 2):175. Chapple, W.P., D.B. Faulkner, M.J. Cecava, P.H. Doane, A.H. Grusby, and T.L. Felix. 2013. Effects of feeding treated corn stover and distillers grains to beef cattle on performance, carcass traits, digestibility, and ruminal metabolism. Joint Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 91(E-Suppl. 2): 692. Doscher, F. E., L. D. Prezotto, S. I. Paisley, A. M. Meyer, and K. C. Swanson. 2013. Pancreatic enzyme activity in high and low efficiency steers. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):133. Drewnoski, M. E., and S. L. Hansen. 2013. Feeding ferric citrate to decrease risk of sulfur toxicity: effects on trace mineral absorption and trace mineral status of steers. J. Anim. Sci.91(E-Suppl. 2) Abst. 36. Drewnoski, M. E., S. J. Morine*, and S. L. Hansen. 2013. Inclusion of ferric ammonium citrate to safely increase inclusion of distillers grains in cattle diets. J. Anim. Sci. 91(E-Suppl. 2) Abst.35. Duckworth, M.J., A.R. Schroeder, D.B. Faulkner, D.W. Shike, and T.L. Felix. 2013. Effects of feeding CaO treated WDGS or treated corn stover to cattle on performance, carcass characteristics, and ruminal metabolism. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 91 (E-Suppl. 2): 11-12. Engel, C. L., V. L. Anderson and B. R. Ilse. 2013. Finishing beef cattle on totally mixed and self-fed rations. J. Anim. Sci. 96:128: (Suppl. 1.) Abstract. Erickson, G. E., T. J. Klopfenstein, J. C. MacDonald, A. L. Shreck, J. M. Johnson, B. L. Nuttelman, C. J. Schneider, and D. B. Burken. 2013. Maximizing forage resources in feedlot Fry, R. S., J. W. Spears, M. S. Ashwell, and S. L. Hansen. 2013. Invited: Exploring cellular trace mineral metabolism in bovine and porcine tissues. J. Anim. Sci. 91 (Suppl. 2) Abst. 271. Genther, O. N., and S. L. Hansen. 2013. Effect of a supplemental zinc complex on beef cattle performance and plasma and liver trace mineral concentrations. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2) Abst. 40 Genther, O. N., and S. L. Hansen. 2013. The effect of trace mineral source and concentration on ruminal digestion and mineral solubility. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 1) Abst. O246 Gillespie, K., T. Klopfenstein, B. Nuttelman, C. Schneider, and G. Erickson. 2013. Effect of winter supplementation level on yearling system profitability. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):10 (Abstr.) Gillespie, K., T. Klopfenstein, B. Nuttelman, J. Volesky, G. Erickson, and C. Schneider. 2013. Distillers grains supplementation in a forage system with spayed heifers. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):53 (Abstr.) Gillespie, K., T. Klopfenstein, J. Volesky, L. Stalker, J. Musgrave, B. Nuttelman, C. Schneider, and G. Erickson. 2013. Replacement of grazed forage and animal performance when distillers grains are fed in a bunk or on the ground. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):52 (Abstr.) Hansen, S. L. 2013. Invited: Best practices and benefits of involving students in animal sciences research - early career faculty perspective. J. Anim. Sci. 91 (Suppl. 1) Abst. O111. Harris, M. E., G. E. Erickson, K. H. Jenkins, and M. K. Luebbe. 2013. Comparing condensed distillers solubles concentration in steam-flaked corn finishing diets on cattle performance and carcass characteristics. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):54 (Abstr.) Hilscher, F., B. Nuttelman, D. Burken, G. Erickson, and K. Vander Pol. 2013. Effects of a terminal sorting system with Zilpaterol hydrochloride on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of yearling steers. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):56 (Abstr.) Islas, A., R. S. Goulart, T. C. Gilbery, M. L. Bauer, and K. C. Swanson. 2013. Influence of increasing supplementation of corn dried distiller’s grains with solubles to growing steers fed medium-quality hay on growth performance, feeding behavior, and blood metabolites. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2): 133-134. Islas, A., T. C. Gilbery, M. L. Bauer, and K. Swanson. 2013. Influence of corn processing and distiller’s grains inclusion for finishing cattle on feeding behavior, gain efficiency, and carcass quality. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):51. Jimenez Poveda, S.C., J. Stewart, C.L. Shipley, V.L. Jarrell, E. Navis, F.A. Ireland, T.L. Felix, and D.W. Shike. 2013. Effects of pyrethroid and pyrethrin insecticides on beef bull reproductive parameters. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 92(E-Suppl. 2): 169. Jolly, M. L., B. L. Nuttelman, D. B. Burken, C. J. Scheider, G. E. Erickson, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2013. Effects of modified distillers grains plus solubles and condensed distillers solubles with and without oil extraction on finishing performance. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):12 (Abstr.) Jolly, M. L., B. L. Nuttelman, D. B. Burken, C. J. Schneider, G. E. Erickson, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2013. Effect of feeding increasing levels of wet distillers grains plus solubles with and without oil extraction on finishing performance. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):51 (Abstr.) Jolly, M. L., C. J. Schneider, D. B. Burken, B. L. Nuttelman, G. E. Erickson, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2013. Effects of feeding condensed distillers solubles with and without oil extraction on growing cattle performance. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):52 (Abstr.) Lehman, B., A.R. Green, T.L. Felix, B.C. Ramirez, L.F. Rodriguez, and D.W. Shike. 2013. Effects of diet on intake and methane emissions of beef steers. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 92(E-Suppl. 2): 169. Long, C.J., and T.L. Felix. 2014. Effects of dietary glycerin on rumen metabolism of beef cattle fed 50% dried distillers grains with solubles. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 92(E-Suppl. 2): 168. Long, C.J., T.L. Felix, and S.C. Loerch. 2013. Effects of dietary sulfur source on hydrogen sulfide gas concentrations in feedlot lambs. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 91 (E-Suppl. 2): 5. Long, Chloe, and Tara Felix. 2014. Effects of dietary glycerin on rumen metabolism of beef cattle fed 50% dried distillers grains with solubles. Undergraduate Research Symposium. The Ohio State University. MacDonald, J. C., C. J. Schneider, K. M. Rolfe, G. Erickson, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2013. Changes in steer performance throughout the feeding period. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):57 (Abstr.) Maxwell, C.L., B.K. Wilson, B.T. Johnson, B.C. Bernhard, C.F. O'Neill, K.J. Winn, K.R. McCullough, T.A. Harlan, M.M. Kinna, B.D. Bloomberg, D.L. VanOverbeke, C.J. Richards, D.L. Step, E.A. DeVuyst, C.R. Krehbiel. 2013. Effects of conventional and natural production programs on winter annual pasture and feedlot performance. J. Anim. Sci. 91(E-Suppl. 2):418. Maxwell, C.L., B.K. Wilson, B.T. Johnson, B.C. Bernhard, C.F. O'Neill, K.J. Winn, K.R. McCullough, T.A. Harlan, M.M. Kinna, B.D. Bloomberg, D.L. VanOverbeke, C.J. Richards, D.L. Step, E.A. DeVuyst, C.R. Krehbiel. 2013. Effects of conventional and natural production programs on carcass characteristics and retail meat attributes. J. Anim. Sci. 91(E-Suppl. 2):418. Maxwell, CL., B.K. Wilson, B.T. Johnson, B.C. Bernhard, D.L. VanOverbeke, D.L. Step, and C.J. Richards, and C.R. Krehbiel. 2013. Advantages of technology enhanced beef production systems. Plains Nutr. Council Spring Conf. Publ. p. 138. Texas A&M Research and Extension Center, Amarillo. McCutcheon, J, Fluharty, F., and Cardinia, J. "Integrating livestock into an organic cropping system: A preliminary report." [Abstract]. Proceedings and Abstracts, 2013 Annual Meeting, American Forage & Grasslands Council Annual Meeting. Berea: American Forage & Grassland Council Montanholi, Y., K. Colliver, M. Lim, B. Smith, A. Fontoura, F. Schenkel, K. Swanson, and S. Miller. 2013. Assessments of fluctuations in heat, CO2, CH4 and infrared imaging in beef heifers with known feed efficiency. Proceedings of the XI World Congress on Animal Production, Beijing, China Navis, E., A. Green, C.L. Shipley, J. Stewart, S.C. Jimenez, F.A. Ireland, D.W. Shike, and T.L. Felix. 2014. Effects of repeated electroejaculation on bull behavior and serum cortisol concentrations. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 92(E-Suppl. 2): 119. Nunez, A. J. C., T. L. Felix, S. C. Loerch, R. P. Lemenager, and J. P. Schoonmaker. 2013. Effect of calcium oxide inclusion in beef feedlot diets containing 60% dried distillers grains with solubles on performance and carcass characteristics. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):53. Nunez, A. J. C., T. L. Felix, S. C. Loerch, R. P. Lemenager, and J. P. Schoonmaker. 2013. Effect of calcium oxide inclusion in beef feedlot diets containing 60% dried distillers grains with solubles on rumen pH, volatile fatty acids, and nutrient digestibility. J. Anim. Sci. Nuñez, A. J. C., V. V. Almeida, J. P. Schoonmaker, F. Pinese, I. E. Borges, F. T. Mercado, E. M. Ferreira, A. V. Pires, P. R. Leme, J. C. M. Nogueira Filho. 2013. Concentrate level and combined use of ionophore and virginiamycin on ruminal fermentation and blood Nuñez, A. J. C., V. V. Almeida, J. P. Schoonmaker, I. E. Borges, F. Pinese, F. T. Mercado, E. M. Ferreira, A.V. Pires, P. R. Leme, J. C. M. Nogueira Filho. 2013. Effects of salinomycin and virginiamycin supplementation on ruminal fermentation and blood characteristics of Nellore steers fed a high concentrate diet. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):503. Nunez, A.J. C., T.L. Felix, S.C. Loerch, R.P. Lemenager, and J.P. Schoonmaker. 2013. Effects of calcium oxide inclusion in beef feedlot diets containing 60% dried distillers grains with soluble on performance and carcass characteristics. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 91 (E-Suppl. 2): 53. Nunez, A.J. C., T.L. Felix, S.C. Loerch, R.P. Lemenager, and J.P. Schoonmaker. 2013. Effects of calcium oxide inclusion in beef feedlot diets containing 60% dried distillers grains with soluble on rumen pH, volatile fatty acids, and nutrient digestibility. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 91 (E-Suppl. 2): 55. Peterson, S. J., B. L. Nuttelman, D. B. Burken, J. C. MacDonald, M. K. Luebbe, and G. E. Erickson. 2013. Use of a pelleted corn residue complete feed for receiving feedlot cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 91 (E Suppl. 2):691 (Abstr.) Pogge, D. J., S. M. Lonergan, S. L. Hansen. 2013. Effect of varying doses of vitamin C growth and carcass characteristics of cattle consuming a high sulfur diet. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 1) Abst. O149. Pogge, D. J., S. M. Lonergan, S. L. Hansen. 2013. Influence of supplementing vitamin C to cattle fed a high sulfur diet late in the finishing period on meat color and tenderness. J. Anim. Sci. 91(E. suppl. 2) Abst. 39. Prezotto, L., F. E. Doscher, S. I. Paisley, K. C. Swanson, A. M. Meyer. 2013. Comparison of liver and jejunal mass and energy use between high and low efficiency steers. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):130. Prezotto, L., T. C. Gilbery, A. Islas, M. L. Bauer, and K. C. Swanson. 2014. Influence of feed restriction and feeding time to growing calves on growth performance and feeding behavior. J. Anim. Sci. 92(Suppl. 2):167-168. Reitz, N., E. Sacks, and T.L. Felix. 2014. Determination of forage quality and post cutting recovery of miscanthus at different cutting times. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 92(E-Suppl. 2): 171. Russell, J. R., E. L. Lundy, N. O. Minton, W. J. Sexten, M. S. Kerley and S. L. Hansen. 2013. Growth and carcass characteristics of feed efficiency sorted cattle fed corn or roughage-based diets and finished with corn or byproduct-based diets J. Anim. Sci. 91(E-Suppl. 2) Abst. 737. Schaefer, M. R., K.A. Albrecht and D.M. Schaefer. 2013. Stocker steer performance on tall fescue or meadow fescue alone or in binary mixture with white clover. J. Anim. Sci. 91 (E-Suppl 2):92 Schneider, C. J., B. L. Nuttelman, D. B. Burken, T. J. Klopfenstein, G. E. Erickson, and R. A. Stock. 2013. Effects of abruptly transitioning cattle from RAMP to a finishing diet on feedlot performance and carcass traits. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):54 (Abstr.) Schneider, C. J., M. K. Luebbe, K. H. Jenkins, S. A. Furman, G. E. Erickson, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2013. Effects of monensin level during grain adaptation on animal performance and carcass traits. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):79 (Abstr.) Schoonmaker, J. P., M. Engstrom, K. N. Condron, C. N. Shee, and R. P. Lemenager. 2013. Effect of supplementing gestating and lactating beef cows with supranutritional concentrations of vitamin D on cow production and pre-weaning growth of the calf. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):140. Schroeder, A.R., M. Iakiviak, I.K.O. Cann, and T.L. Felix. 2014. Effects of feeding dry or modified wet distillers grains with solubles with or without supplemental calcium oxide on ruminal metabolism and microbial enzymatic activity of beef cattle. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 92(E-Suppl. 2): 91. Schroeder, A.R., M.J. Duckworth, D.W. Shike, J.P. Schoonmaker, and T.L. Felix. 2014. Effects of calcium oxide treamternt of dry and modified wet distillers grains plus solubles on economics, feed intake pattern, and growth and carcass performance of feedlot steers. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 92(E-Suppl. 2): 28. Segers, J.S., T.L. Felix, and D.W. Shike. 2013. Effects of energy source and dietary fat concentration from corn coproducts, during the growing phase, on beef cattle performance, carcass traits, digestibility, and ruminal metabolism. Joint Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 91(E-Suppl. 2): 683. Semler, M., C. Calkins, L. Senaratne-Lenagala, K. Varnold, and G. Erickson. 2013. Vein steak differences in strip loins of heifers due to the inactive myostatin allele. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):96 (Abstr.) Shee, C. N., R. P. Lemenager, M. C. Claeys, and J. P. Schoonmaker. 2013. Dietary inclusion of condensed distillers solubles in gestating and lactating beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):132. Shee, C. N., R. P. Lemenager, M. C. Claeys, and J. P. Schoonmaker. 2013. Effect of feeding distillers dried grains with solubles during lactation on milk fatty acid composition. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):129. Shee, C. N., R. P. Lemenager, M. C. Claeys, and J. P. Schoonmaker. 2013. Effect of feeding distillers grains with solubles during lactation on feedlot performance and carcass Varnold, K., C. Calkins, B. Nuttelman, L. Seneratne-Lenagala, J. Stevenson, M. Semler, M. Chao, and G. Erickson. 2013. Background grazing, supplementation, finishing diet, and aging affect biochemical constituents of beef bottom round steaks. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):96 (Abstr.) Varnold, K., C. Calkins, R. Miller, and G. Erickson. 2013. Background grazing, supplementation, finishing diet and aging affect flavor in beef bottom round steaks. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):101 (Abstr.) Warner, J. M., A. J. Doerr, C. J. Schneider, G. E. Erickson, R. J. Rasby, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2013. Supplementing modified distillers grains plus solubles mixed with low quality forage to replace grazed intake of cow-calf pairs. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):50 (Abstr.) Warner, J. M., C. J. Schneider, R. J. Rasby, G. E. Erickson, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2013. Applying corn condensed distillers solubles to hay windrows prior to baling: II. Effects on growing steer performance. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):81 (Abstr.) Warner, J. M., G. E. Erickson, and R. J. Rasby. 2013. Applying corn condensed distillers solubles to hay windrows prior to baling: I. Procedure, and effects on bale temperature and nutrient composition. J. Anim. Sci. 91(Suppl. 2):81 (Abstr.) Wellnitz, K., J. Magolski, K. Carlin, V. Anderson and E. Berg. 2013. Lactate concentrations at exsanguination is related to feedlot heifer temperament but not fresh beef color. J. Anim. Sci. 96:99: (Suppl. 1.) Abstract. Welnitz, K. R. An N. Lepper-Blilie, V. L. Anderson, B. R. Ilse, and E. P. Berg. 2013. Effects of feeding field peas to bison on animal performance and meat quality characteristics. Reciprocal Meats Conference. AMSA 2013-1101. Wilson, B.K., C.L. Maxwell, D.L. Step, C.J. Richards, and C.R. Krehbiel. 2013. Evaluation of multiple ancillary therapies utilized in combination with an antimicrobial in newly received, high-risk calves treated for bovine respiratory disease. Plains Nutr. Council Spring Conf. Publ. p. 147. Texas A&M Research and Extension Center, Amarillo. Wilson, B.K., C.L. Maxwell, D.L. Step, C.J. Richards, C.R. Krehbiel. 2013. Evaluation of multiple ancillary therapies utilized in combination with an antimicrobial in newly received high-risk calves treated for bovine respiratory disease. J. Anim. Sci. 91(E-Suppl. 2):186. Experiment Station Reports Aluthge, N. D., Y. A. Wanniarachchi, B. L. Nuttelman, C. J. Schneider, T. J. Klopfenstein, G. E. Erickson, and S. C. Fernando. 2014. Differences in fecal bacterial community composition between beef steers which are high-shedders and low-shedders of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Neb. Beef Cattle Rep. MP99:101-102 Anderson, C. L., M. L. Jolly, A. L. Shreck, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, and S. C. Fernando. 2014. Effects of dietary change on viral-bacterial interactions in the rumen of cattle. Neb. Beef Cattle Rep. MP99:99-100 Anderson, V L., C.L. Engel, and B. R. Ilse. 2-13. Distiller grains support equal steer performance in finishing diets with reciprocal levels of corn and barley. 2013 North Dakota Beef Report. pp 26-29. Anderson, V. L., B.R. Ilse, and C. L. Engel. 2013. Corn stover and distillers grains for lactating drylot beef cows. North Dakota Beef Report. pp 4-6. Anderson, V. L., B.R. Ilse, and C.L. Engel. 2013. Drylot vs. pasture beef cow/calf production: Three year progress report. 2013 North Dakota Beef Report. pp 13-16. Anderson, V. L., C. L. Engel, and R. Dvorak.. 2013. An evaluation of Cellulo-Gest™ supplement to enhance forage digestibility and improve performance of growing calves. 2013 North Dakota Beef Report. pp 17-19. Bittner, C. J., G. E. Erickson, K. H. Jenkins, M. K. Luebbe, and T. J. Wistuba. 2014. Effects of feeding Next Enhance in finishing diets on performance and carcass characteristics. Neb. Beef Cattle Rep. MP99:90-91 Bremer, M. L., A. K. Watson, D. B. Burken, J. C. MacDonald, and G. E. Erickson. 2014. Energy value of de-oiled modified distillers grains plus solubles in a forage-based diet. Neb. Beef Cattle Rep. MP99:32-33 Buntyn, J. O., B. D. Cleveland, A. L. Redfield, J. C. MacDonald, G. E. Erickson, T. F. Jones, T. B. Schmidt, and G. A. Sullivan. 2014. Effect of feeding different types of byproducts and concentrations throughout a beef growing system on ground beef color and lipid oxidation. Neb. Beef Cattle Rep. MP99:105-106 Burken, D. B., B. L. Nuttelman, T. J. Klopfenstein, and G. E. Erickson. 2014. Feeding elevated levels of corn silage and MDGS in finishing diets. Neb. Beef Cattle Rep. MP99:88-89 Cleveland, B. D., J. O. Buntyn, A. L. Redfield, J. C. MacDonald, G. E. Erickson, T. F. Jones, T. B. Schmidt, and G. A. Sullivan. 2014. Effect of natural antioxidant concentration on lipid oxidation of ready-to-eat ground beef links from cattle fed distillers grains in different phases of production. Neb. Beef Cattle Rep. MP99:109-110 Cleveland, B. D., J. O. Buntyn, A. L. Redfield, J. C. MacDonald, G. E. Erickson, T. F. Jones, T. B. Schmidt, and G. A. Sullivan. 2014. Lipid oxidation in cooked ground beef links from cattle fed distillers grains in different phases of production. Neb. Beef Cattle Rep. MP99:107-108 Cooper, R., B. Dicke, D. J. Jordon, T. Scott, C. Macken, and G. E. Erickson. 2014. Impact of feeding alkaline-treated corn stover at elevated amounts in commercial feedlot cattle. Neb. Beef Cattle Rep. MP99:69-71 crops as a grazing option for beef cattle. Nebraska Beef Report pp. 56-58. Dahlke, Garland and Dan Loy. 2013. Estimating Beef Cow Maintenance Efficiency with a Domenech, K. I., K. A. Varnold, M. E. Semler, M. D. Chao, T. F. Jones, G. E. Erickson, and C. R. Calkins. 2014. Effect of feeding de-oiled wet distillers grains plus solubles on beef fatty acid profiles. Neb. Beef Cattle Rep. MP99:116-118 Domenech, K. I., K. A. Varnold, M. E. Semler, M. D. Chao, T. F. Jones, G. E. Erickson, and C. R. Calkins. 2014. Effect of feeding de-oiled wet distillers grains plus solubles on beef oxidation and tenderness. Neb. Beef Cattle Rep. MP99:114-115 Doscher, F. E., L. D. Prezotto, S. I. Paisley, A. M. Meyer, and K. C. Swanson. 2013. Pancreatic enzyme activity in high- vs. low-efficiency steers. 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