SAES-422 Multistate Research Activity Accomplishments Report

Status: Approved

Basic Information

Participants

Baker, John [baker@anr.msu.edu] Michigan; Davis, Duane [davis@ksu.edu] Kansas; Diekman, Mark [mdiekman@purdue.edu] Indiana; Geisert, Rodney [geisertr@missouti.edu] Missouri; Guthrie, H. David [dave.guthrie@ars.usda.gov] USDA-BARC; Hogberg, Maynard [hogberg@iastate.edu] Iowa (visitor); Keating, Aileen [akeating@iastate.edu] Iowa (visitor); Meisinger, David [drdave@iastate.edu] Iowa (visitor); Miles, Jeremy [jeremy.miles@ars.usda.gov] USDA-USMARC; Miller, Dave [djmille@illinois.edu] Illinois; Morrical, Dan [morricol@iastate.edu] Iowa (visitor); Ross, Jason [jwross@iastate.edu] Iowa; Safranski, Tim [safranskit@missouri.edu] Missouri (visitor); Turzillo, Adele [aturzillo@nifa.usda.gov] Washington, DC (visitor); White, Brett [bwhite2@unlnotes.unl.edu] Nebraska; Wilson, Matt [mwilso25@wvu.edu] West Virginia

The 2012 annual meeting of the NCERA57 was held at the Iowa State University in Ames, IA in the Ensminger Room, Kildee Hall in the Department of Animal Science. The meeting was called to order by Jason Ross, Vice Chair and local host, at 8:00 AM on Tuesday, May 22th. At 8:15 Department Chair Dr. Maynard Hogberg welcomed the group to Iowa State and gave an informative presentation describing the staffing and research facilities at Iowa State, and the status of Iowa livestock and poultry industries. Dr. Dan Morrical went into greater detail on the swine facilities. At 9:15 AM. Adele Turzillo, National Program Leader for Animal Production Systems within the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), attended the meeting and provided a NIFA update which included the announcement of the appointment of Dr. Sonny Ramaswamy as the new Director of NIFA on May 7, 2012 replacing Dr. Roger Beachy who had resigned last year. Of note the Food Security FY20012 proposals are currently under review and the Foundational Programs for FY2012 and FY2013 have been combined with the release RFAs scheduled for 8/15/2012. Adele also pointed out some competitive grant programs that could provide unique funding opportunities for animal scientists thinking outside the box and joint NIH-NIFA Programs featuring dual purpose research grants in biomedicine and agriculture using domestic livestock species as experimental models. At about 10:00AM Dave Meisinger that the Swine Repro Guide had been proposed for funding in the 2008 Farm bill, but was not funded. It will not be included in the 2012 Farm Bill. 10:30 AM to 12:00 PM Station Reports: University of Nebraska-Lincoln - Brett White, USMARC - Jeremy Miles, and Illinois - Dave Miller. After a catered lunch provided by the Iowa State University College of Agriculture on Tuesday 5/22/12, the Producer Symposium on AI Technology was held in Ensminger Room in Kildee Hall featuring four speakers from 1-5 PM. The speakers and the titles of their talks were Ron Ketchem, Swine Management Services, LLC, Fremont, NE, Use and economics of some AI technologies across a subset of commercial farms; Hanneke Feitsma, Institute for Pig Genetics, The Netherlands, Sperm numbers: how low can you go?; Brad Didion, Minitube USA, Successful implementation of frozen semen in a commercial setting; and Howard Hill, Iowa Select: AI technologies and personnel: applying technologies with real people. A total of approximately 45-50 swine producers, students, and scientists attended the symposium. Approximately 10-20% of the US sow inventory was represented by individuals in the audience. The evaluation of the symposium demonstrated that the symposium was of significant value to those in the audience and the audience overwhelmingly suggested they would like to attend future NCERA57 producer symposiums. Evening: The committee and guests took a break and then reconvened at the Open Flame Restaurant for dinner. Second day session Wednesday, May 23, 2012 8:00 to 9:00 AM Business meeting: John Baker addressed the committee and praised the organization and accomplishments of the NCERA057 committee and indicated that this specific committee was among the best that he serves as an Administrative Advisor. He stated that the NCERA057 committee very accurately conducts the purposes intended for this program. Members were reminded to start thinking about forming a writing committee in that the renewal process for NCERA57 will begin with our meeting in 2013. According to tradition vice-chair Jason Ross moved up to committee chair, the secretary Dave Guthrie moved to vice-chair and a returning member, Rod Geisert, was drafted as secretary. It was confirmed the 2013 meeting would be held in Beltsville MD during the week before Memorial Day. Members were reminded to be thinking about topics for the 2014 Swine Producers Symposium. At 9:00 AM Matt Wilson initiated the discussion of the preliminary work on fresh and frozen conducted by Jeremy Miles and Lea Rempel for the purpose of utilization of frozen semen as a contingency with new AI technology, development of frozen semen delivery, ovulation control, and seasonal effects on reproduction. The second experiment conducted at USMARC show one of two boars was superior to the other with respect to fertility of cryopreserved spermatozoa. A summary of the discussion and plans for additional preliminary experiments for the proposal will be forthcoming. 10:00 AM to 12:00 PM Station reports continued: Illinois - Dave Miller (continued), Maryland - Dave Guthrie (BARC), Missouri - Rod Geisert, Kansas - Duane Davis, Indiana - Mark Diekman (Purdue), and Iowa State- Jason Ross. Dave Guthrie agreed to send messages of appreciation to Peg Pluthe and Drs. Maynard Hogberg and Dan Morrical for their contributions as hosts for our meeting The meeting was adjourned at 12:05 PM. Respectfully submitted, Dave Guthrie, Secretary, NCERA57

Accomplishments

1. From the Producer Artificial Insemination Symposium committee members learned the industry has considerable interest in improving the efficiency of artificial insemination with non-frozen boar semen by close monitoring of the onset of estrus to 1) permit insemination at the optimum time in relation to ovulation, and 2) reduction of the sperm dose per insemination and the number of inseminations during the estrus period as much as possible to maintain high farrowing rates. Training and monitoring performance of inseminators is critical the success of the swine breeding program. Fertility with frozen semen could approach that of liquid semen when the number of sperm per insemination and the number of inseminations during the estrus period were increased. 2. Numerous publications were published by committee members and their associates during the past year that provide scientific knowledge and impact on reproductive efficiency in swine. 3. We discussed the preliminary experiments at USMARC in order to design, write, and submit a NIFA Foundational Grant proposal this autumn to support a study of the relative contributions of the male and female to seasonal infertility in swine using frozen semen.

Impacts

  1. Microinjected zygotes containing two small hairpin RNA species that can knockdown the production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone II receptor have been transferred into synchronized recipient female swine that will be allowed to gestate to term to produce the first animal model to examine the physiological implications of reduced GnRH-II receptor levels.
  2. Introduced an eight week student training program at US MARC to introduce students to agricultural research.
  3. A novel screening approach using a glycan array indicates that porcine sperm bind preferentially to specific glycans. Specific receptors to these glycans appear to be present in ejaculated and cauda epididymal sperm.
  4. Porcine sperm bind to specific sialylated lactosamine-containing glycans in the oviduct and may be partially responsible for sperm adhesion to form the sperm reservoir.
  5. Analysis of ejaculated sperm residual RNA may provide information for prediction of fertility, storage longevity, and early embryo development.
  6. Porcine umbilical cord matrix stem cell based delivery to the small intestine may provide new methods to immunize against gut pathogens or to enhance survival of growth retarded neonates.
  7. Exercise during pregnancy promotes an anti-atherogenic vascular phenotype in offspring of sows without altering expression of genes known to be targets of metabolic programming. These results give justification for further studies probing the effects that a sedentary or active lifestyle during pregnancy might have on fetal programming.
  8. Attempts to improve advising/advisee relationships in animal sciences may involve hiring professional assistants in advising, continued movement of registration procedures and audit capability online and establish a reward system to recognize excellence in advising undergraduate students.
  9. Bovine spermatozoa are able to penetrate zona-free porcine oocytes; they can also induce oocyte activation and embryo development up to the 8-cell stage. This information may be useful in the development of novel methods to stimulate parthenogenetic activation of oocytes.
  10. Genetic parameters were estimated for boar sperm freezability including heritability and correlations with other production traits. Sperm freezability is an ideal candidate for marker assisted selection or selection for favorable alleles.
  11. Results indicate that significant genetic markers will be found for total number born, number born alive, litter birth weight, and average piglet birth weight that will have either immediate use in industry or provide a roadmap to further research with fine mapping or sequencing of areas of significance.
  12. Freezing studies of boar sperm indicated that semen could be held at 17 degrees C diluted 1:1 in a cooling extender for at least 24 h before freezing, that sperm quality was equivalent in for semen frozen in and thawed from 0.5 or 5.0 ml straws, season had no effect on post-thaw sperm quality, breed had no effect on post-thaw quality.
  13. In breeding studies with frozen boar semen significant sources of variation in fertility were boar, estrus to ovulation interval, stage of follicle development at slaughter, and parity. With two inseminations of 2 billion sperm each, inseminations at 30 and 38 h or at 22 and 38 h after the onset of estrus produced the highest farrowing rates; 75.5 and 67.4%, respectively.
  14. Characterization of piglet growth and blood components following reciprocal embryo transfer between different swine breeds.
  15. Early embryonic development is dependent on the appropriate expression of specific mRNAs and their ability to be translated into functional protein products. Understanding the regulatory capabilities of miRNAs and mRNA binding proteins may be important for improvement of reproductive efficiency in pigs and other species.

Publications

Aarabi, M., Yu, Y., Xu, W., Man, Y., Tse, M.Y., Pang, S.C., Yi, Y-J., Sutovsky, P., Oko, R. (2012)The Testicular and epididymal expression profile of PLC¶ in mouse and human does not support its role as a sperm-borne oocyte activating factor. PLoS ONE, 7(3):e33496. Bhattacharya, P. and Keating, A.F. 2011. Ovarian metabolism of xenobiotics. Experimental Biology and Medicine. 236(7):765-71; PMID 21616964. Blanco JM, Long JA, Gee G, Wildt DE, Donoghue AM. Comparative cryopreservation of avian spermatozoa: effects of freezing and thawing rates on turkey and sandhill crane sperm cryosurvival. Anim Reprod Sci. 2012 131(1-2):1-8. Blomberg LE, Schreier L, Li RW. Characteristics of peri-implantation porcine concepti population and maternal milieu influence the transcriptome profile. Mol Reprod Dev. 2010; 77(11):978-89. Boltz CR, Belton RA, Boltz DA, Dirks A, Bunick D, Scherba G, Bahr JM. 2011. Vaccination of roosters against avian infectious bronchitis virus results in autoimmunity to sperm (submitted). Braundmeier AG, Dayger CA, Mehrotra P, Belton Jr. RJ, Nowak RA. EMMPRIN is secreted by human uterine epithelial cells in microvesicles and stimulates metalloproteinase production by human uterine fibroblast cells. Reproductive Sciences, accepted/in press 2012. Braundmeier AG, Jackson K, Hastings J, Koehler J, Nowak RA, Fazleabas A. Endometriosis alters the peripheral and endometrial regulatory T cell population in the non-human primate. Human Reproduction 2012 Mar 22 [Epub ahead of print]. Caires, K.C., J.M. de Avila, A.S. Cupp, and D.J. McLean. 2012. VEGFA family isoforms regulate spermatogonial stem cell homeostasis in vivo. Endocrinology 153:887-900. Cederberg, R.A., E.A. McDonald, C. Lee, R.A. Friedrich, A.R. Cropp, and B.R. White. 2011. Activity of the porcine GnRH receptor gene in T3-1 cells is partially conferred by a distal swine upstream promoter enhancing region (SUPER) and two proximal steroidogenic factor-1 binding sites. Endocrinology (Submitted). Cepica, S., Óvilo, C., Masopust, M., Knoll, A., Fernandez, A., Lopez, A., Rohrer, G.A., Nonneman, D. 2012. Four genes located on a SSC2 meat quality QTL region are associated with different meat quality traits in Landrace x Chinese-European crossbred population. Animal Genetics 43(3):333-336. Chen, K., Hawken, R., Flickinger, G.H., Rodriguez-Zas, S.L., Rund, L.A., Wheeler, M.B., Abrahamsen, M., Rutherford, M.S., Beever J.E., Schook, L.B. 2012. Association of the Porcine Transforming Growth Factor Beta Type I Receptor (TGFBR1) Gene with Growth and Carcass Traits. Animal Biotechnology, 23: 43-63 Clapper, J.A., Taylor, A.R. 2011. Components of the porcine anterior pituitary IGF system throughout the estrous cycle. Dom. Anim. Endocrinol. 40:67-76. Clapper, J.A., Tomlin, A.K. 2012. Effects of the phytoestrogen genistein on the porcine anterior pituitary IGF system. Dom. Anim. Endocrinol. 42:173-182. Curry, E., Safranski, T.J., Pratt, S.L. 2011. Differential expression of porcine sperm microRNAs and their association with sperm morphology and motility. Theriogenology, 76 (8), pp. 1532-1539. Cushman, R.A. 2012. Evidence that the autoimmune regulator gene influences thymic production of ovarian antigens and prevents autoimmune-mediated premature reproductive senescence. Biology of Reproduction 86(4):109. Dorsey KM, Guthrie HD, Welch GR, Mohler J, Theisen DD, Siewerdt F, Vinyard BT, Woods LC III. Quality assessment of wild Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus) semen under conditions of short-term storage. North American Journal of Aquaculture 73:418-425. Echternkamp, S.E., Thallman, R.M. 2011. Factors affecting pregnancy rate to estrous synchronization and fixed-time artificial insemination in beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science 89(10):3060-3068. Foye-Jackson OT, Long JA, Bakst MR, Blomberg LA, Akuffo VG, Silva MV, Guthrie HD, McMurtry JP. Oviductal expression of avidin, avidin-related protein-2, and progesterone receptor in turkey hens in relation to sperm storage: effects of oviduct tissue type, sperm presence, and turkey line. Poult Sci. 2011; 90:1539-1547. Fricke, P.M., Cushman, R.A. 2012. Physiology and Endocrinology Symposium: Factors controlling puberty in beef heifers. Journal of Animal Science 90(4):1150-1151. Godke, RA and CR Youngs. 2011. Cattle: Embryo Technology. In (WG Pond and AW Bell, Eds). Encyclopedia of Animal Science, 2nd Ed. 1:193-195. Gottlieb, S., and Wheeler, M.B. 2011, Genetically Engineered Animals And Public Health: Compelling Benefits for Health Care, Nutrition, the Environment, and Animal Welfare, BIO (Biotechnology Industry Organization), 37 pgs., 2nd ed. Guthrie HD, Welch GR, Theisen DD, Woods LC III. Effects of hypothermic storage on intracellular calcium, reactive oxygen species formation, mitochondrial function, motility, and plasma membrane integrity in striped bass (Morone saxatilis) sperm. Theriogenology. 2011 75:951-961. Guthrie HD, Welch GR. 2012. Effects of reactive oxygen species on sperm function. Theriogenology (accepted for publication). Isom, S.C., R. Li, K.M. Whitworth, R.S. Prather. 2012. Timing of first embryonic cleavage is a positive indicator of the in vitro developmental potential of porcine embryos derived from in vitro fertilization, somatic cell nuclear transfer and parthenogenesis Mol. Reprod. 79:197-207. Keating, A.F., Fernandez, S.M., Mark-Kappeler, C.J., Sen, N., Sipes, I.G. and Hoyer, P.B. 2011. Inhibition of PIK3 signaling pathway members by the ovotoxicant 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide in rats. Biology of Reproduction. 84(4): 743-751. Klassen H., J.F. Kiilgaard, K. Warfvinge, M.S. Samuel, R.S. Prather, F. Wong, R.M. Petters, M. LaCour, M.J. Young. 2012. Photoreceptor differentiation following transplantation of allogeneic retinal progenitor cells to the dystrophic rhodopsin Pro347Leu transgenic pig. Stem Cells International (accepted 1/26/2012). Knox, R. V. The current value of frozen-thawed boar semen for commercial companies. 2011. Dom. Anim. Reprod. 46 (Suppl 2): 4-6. Knox, R. V., K. L. Willenburg, S. L. Rodriguez-Zas, D. L. Greger, H. D. Hafs, and M.E. Swanson. Synchronization of ovulation and fertility in weaned sows treated with intravaginal triptorelin is influenced by timing of administration and follicle size. Theriogenology 2011. 75:308-19. Konno, T., Rempel, L.A., Rumi, M.A.K., Graham, A.R., Asanoma, K., Renaud, S.J., Soares, M.J. 2011. Chromosome-substituted rat strains provide insights into the genetics of placentation. Physiological Genomics 43(15):930-941. Krisher, R.L., R.S. Prather. 2012. A role for the Warburg Effect in preimplantation embryo development: metabolic modification to support rapid proliferation. Molecular Reproduction and Development (accepted 3/5/12). Larson, D.M., A.S. Cupp, and R.N. Funston. 2011. Heifer development systems: A comparison of grazing winter range or corn residue. J Anim Sci. 89:2365-2372. Lents, C.A., Randel, R.D., Stelzleni, A.M., Caldwell, L.C., Welsh, T.H., Jr. 2011. Function of the corpus luteum in beef heifers is affected by acute submaintenance feeding but is not correlated with residual feed intake. Journal of Animal Science 89(12):4023-4031. Lindholm-Perry, A.K., Kuehn, L.A., Rempel, L.A., Smith, T.P.L., Cushman, R.A., McDaneld, T.G., Wheeler, T.L., Shackelford, S.D., King, D.A., Freetly, H.C. 2012. Evaluation of bovine chemerin (RARRES2) gene variation on beef cattle production traits. Frontiers in Genetics 3:39. Lorson, M., L.D. Spate, M.S. Samuel, C.N. Murphy, C. Lorson, R.S. Prather, K. Wells. 2011. Disruption of the survival motor neuron (SMN) gene in pigs using ssDNA. Transgenic Research accepted 20:1293-1304. PMID 21350916 Machado SA, Bahr JM, Hales DB, Braundmeier AG, Quade BJ, Nowak RA. Validation of the aging hen as an animal model for uterine leiomyomas. Biology of Reproduction, accepted/in press 2012. Machado, SA, Bahr JM, Hales DB, Quade BJ, and Nowak RA. 2011. Validation of the aging hen as an animal model for uterine leiomyomas. Biology of Reproduction (submitted). Mack, E.M., J.E. Smith, and J.R. Wood. 2011. IGF-1 has an additive effect on cAMP-dependent regulation of granulosa cell gene expression through activation of Akt- and Erk1/2 signaling, Endocrinology (Submitted). Mao, J., K.M. Whitworth, L.D. Spate, E.M. Walters, J. Zhao, R.S. Prather. 2012. Regulation of oocyte mitochondria DNA copy number by follicular fluid, EGF, and neuregulin 1 during in vitro maturation affects embryo development in pigs. Theriogenology (accepted 4/9/12). McDonald, E.A., J.E. Smith, R.A. Cederberg, and B.R. White. 2010. Divergent activity of the porcine GnRH receptor gene promoter in ±T3-1 cells is partially conferred by nuclear factor (NF)-±B, specificity protein (Sp)1-like, and GATA4 elements. Endocrinology (Submitted). McFee, R.M., T.G. Rozell, and A.S. Cupp. 2012. The balance of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic VEGFA isoforms regulate follicle development. Cell Tissue Res. Feb 10. [Epub ahead of print]. Men, H. C. Zhao, S. Wei, C.N. Murphy, Y. Liu, E.M. Walters, M.S. Samuel, R.S. Prather, J.K. Critser. 2011. Birth of piglets from in vitro produced, zona-intact porcine embryos vitrified in a closed system. Theriogenology 76:280-289. PMID 21458047 Miles, J.R., McDaneld, T.G., Wiedmann, R.T., Cushman, R.A., Echternkamp, S.E., Vallet, J.L., Smith, T.P.L. 2012. MicroRNA expression profile in bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes: Possible role of let-7 and miR-106a in the development of bovine oocytes. Animal Reproduction Science 130(1-2):16-26. Miller D, T. Rathbun, D. Boyle, D. Troyer, and D. L. Davis. 2011. Confocal Imaging of Trans-epithelial Trafficking by Immune and Umbilical Cord Stem Cells in the Neonatal Porcine Intestine. Anat. Hist. Embryol. (In Press). Miller DJ. 2011. Physiology and Endocrinology Symposium: Sperm-oviduct interactions in livestock and poultry. J Anim Sci 89:1312-1314. Miller DJ. 2011. The enigma of fertilization. In: Biology: The Dynamic Science, 2nd Edition, Ed. by Peter Russell, Stephen Wolfe, Paul Hertz, Cecie Starr, and Beverly McMillan. Miller DJ. 2011. The roles of carbohydrate binding in fertilization. In: Carbohydrate Recognition: Biological Problems, Methods, and Applications, Ed. By B Wang and G-J Boons. Medicinal Research Reviews. Monaco, E., Bionaz, M. Rodriguez-Zas, S., Hurley, W.L., Wheeler, M.B. 2012. Transcriptomics comparison between porcine adipose and bone marrow mesenchymal stem sells during in vitro osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. PLoS ONE 7(3): e32481. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032481 Monaco, E., Bionaz, M., Hollister, S. Wheeler, M.B. 2011. Strategies for regeneration of the bone using porcine adult adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Theriogenology 75:1381-1399. Mousel, M.R., Leymaster, K.A., Christenson, R.K., Nonneman, D.J., Rohrer, G.A. 2012. Validation and fine mapping of a QTL for ovulation rate on swine chromosome 3. Animal Genetics 43(2):220-224. Nagyova E, Scsukova S, Nemcova L, Mlynarcikova A., Yi Y-J, Sutovsky M, Sutovsky P (2012). Inhibition of proteasomal proteolysis affects expression of extracellular matrix components and steroidogenesis in porcine oocyte-cumulus complexes. Dom. Anim. Endocrin., 42(1):50-62 Newcomer, SC, Taheripour, P, Bahls, M, Sheldon, R, Foust, KB, Bidwell, CA, and Cabot, RA. 2011. Impact of porcine maternal exercise training during pregnancy on endothelial call function of offspring at birth. Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease. In press. Newell-Fugate, A,E Taibl, JN, Clark, SG, Alloosh, M, Sturek, M, Krisher, RL. 2011. Baseline and superovulation hyperandrogenism and follicular dynamics in the ossabaw pig suggest an animal model for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Reproduction, Fertility and Development. 23(1): 256-257. Nonneman, D., Lindholm-Perry, A.K., Shackelford, S.D., King, D.A., Wheeler, T.L., Rohrer, G.A., Bierman, C.D., Schneider, J.F., Miller, R.K., Zerby, H., Moeller, S.J. 2011. Predictive markers in calpastatin for tenderness in commercial pig populations. Journal of Animal Science 89(9):2663-2672. Oliver, W.T., Miles, J.R., Diaz, D.E., Dibner, J.J., Rottinghaus, G.E., Harrell, R.J. 2012. Zearalenone enhances reproductive tract development, but does not alter skeletal muscle signaling in prepubertal gilts. Animal Feed Science and Technology 174(1-2):79-85. Ostedgaard, L.S., D.K. Meyerholz, J.-H. Chen, A.A. Pezzulo, P.H. Karp, T. Rokhlina, S.E. Ernst, R.A. Hanfland, L. Reznikov, P.S. Ludwig, M.P. Rogan, G.J. Davis, C.L. Dohrn, P.J. Taft, M.V. Rector, E. Hornick, P. Nassar, M. Samuel, S.S. Richter, A. Uc, J. Shilyasky, R.S. Prather, P.B. McCray, Jr., J. Zabner, M.J. Welsh, and D.A. Stoltz. 2011. The F508 mutation causes CFTR misprocessing and cystic fibrosis-like disease in pigs. Science Translational Medicine 3: 74ra24. PMID 21411740 Park, J., L. Lai, M. Samuel, D. Wax, R.S. Bruno, R. French, R.S. Prather, X. Yang, X.C. Tian. 2011. Altered gene expression profiles in the brain, kidney, and lung of one-month old live cloned pigs. Cellular Reprogramming 13:215-223. PMCID: PMC3104288 Park, K-E, Johnson, CM, and Cabot, RA. 2011. BIX-01294, an inhibitor of the histone methyltransferase EHMT2, disrupts H3K9 dimethylation in the cleavage stage porcine embryo. Reproduction, Fertility and Development. In press. Peippo, J, Machaty, Z, and Peter, A. 2011. Terminologies for the pre-attachment bovine embryo. Theriogenology 76:1373-1379. Polak, S.J., Lan Levengood, S.K., Maki, A.J., Clark, S.G., Wheeler, M.B., Wagoner Johnson, A.J. 2011. Analysis of the roles of microporosity and BMP-2 on multiple measures of bone regeneration and healing in calcium phosphate scaffolds. Acta Biomaterialia 7:1760-1771. Redel, B.K., A.N. Brown, L.D. Spate, K.M. Whitworth, J.A. Green, R.S. Prather. 2012. Glycolysis in preimplantation development is partially controlled by the Warburg Effect. Mol. Reprod. 79:262-271. PMID 22213464 Redmond, J.S., Baez-Sandoval, G.M., Spell, K.M., Spencer, T.E., Lents, C.A., Williams, G.L., Amstalden, M. 2011. Developmental changes in hypothalamic Kiss1 expression during activation of the pulsatile release of luteinising hormone in maturing ewe lambs. Journal of Neuroendocrinology 23(9):815-822. Rempel, L.A., Casas, E., Shackelford, S.D., Wheeler, T.L. 2012. Relationship of polymorphisms within metabolic genes and carcass traits in crossbred beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science 90(4):1311-1316. Rempel, L.A., Nonneman, D.J., Rohrer, G.A. 2012. Polymorphism within thyroid hormone responsive (THRSP) associated with weaning-to-oestrus interval in swine. Animal Genetics 43(3):364-365. Richards, M.P., P. Kathirvel, Y. Gong, A. Lopez-Hernandez, E. Walters, R.S. Prather. 2011. Long chain omega-3 fatty acid levels in loin muscle from transgenic (fat-1 gene) pigs and effects on lipid oxidation during storage. Food Biotechnology 25:103-114. Ross, J.W., J.F. Castro, J. Zhao, M. Samuel, E. Walters, C. Rios, P. Bray-Ward, B.W. Jones, R.E Marc, W. Wang, L. Zhou, J.M. Noel, M. McCall, P. DeMarco, R.S. Prather, H.J. Kaplan. 2012. Generation of an inbred miniature pig model of retinitis pigmentosa. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences 31:501-507. Safranski, T.J., Ford, J.J., Rohrer, G.A., Guthrie, H.D. 2011. Plenary contribution to International Conference on Boar Semen Preservation 2011. Genetic selection for freezability and its controversy with selection for performance. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 46(Supplement 2):31-34. Schneider, J.F., Rempel, L.A., Rohrer, G.A., Brown-Brandl, T.M. 2011. Genetic parameter estimates among scale activity score and farrowing disposition with reproductive traits in swine. Journal of Animal Science 89(11):3514-3521. Scolari, S., S. Clark, M. Tomassia, and R. Knox. Vulvar skin temperature changes significantly during estrus in swine as determined by digital infrared thermography. J. Swine Health and Prod. 2011, 19:151-55. Sears, K.E., Bormet, A.K., Rockwell, A., Powers, L.E., Noelle Cooper, L., Wheeler, M.B. 2011. Developmental basis of mammalian digit reduction: a case study in pigs. Evolution & Development, 13: 533541. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-142X.2011.00509.x Segers, J.R., Stewart, R.L., Jr., Lents, C.A., Pringle, T.D., Froetschel, M.A., Lowe, B.K., McKeith, R.O., Stelzleni, A.M. 2011. Effect of long-term corn by-product feeding on beef quality, strip loin fatty acid profiles, and shelf-life. Journal of Animal Science 89(11):3792-3802. Seizer P, Ochmann C, Schonberger T, Zach S, Lengerke C, Rose M, Borst O, Klingel K, Kandolf R, MacDonald HR, Nowak RA, Engelhardt S, Lang F, Gawaz M, May AE. Disrupting the EMMPRIN-Cyclophilin A interaction reduces infarct size and preserves systolic function after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 2011 [Epub March 24]. Seizer P, Ochmann C, Schonberger T, Zach S, Lengerke C, Rose M, Klingel K, Kandolf R, MacDonald HR, Nowak RA, Engelhardt S, Gawaz M, May AE. 2011. Disrupting the EMMPRIN (CD147)-Cyclophilin A interaction reduces infarct size and preserves systolic function after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology; 31:1377-1386 [Epub March 24, 2011]. Snelling, W.M., Cushman, R.A., Fortes, M.R.S., Reverter, A., Bennett, G.L., Keele, J.W., Kuehn, L.A., McDaneld, T.G., Thallman, R.M., Thomas, M.G. 2012. Physiology and Endocrinology Symposium: How single nucleotide polymorphism chips will advance our knowledge of factors controlling puberty and aid in selecting replacement beef females. Journal of Animal Science 90(4):1152-1165. Spate, L.D., B.K. Redel, A.N. Brown, C.N. Murphy, R.S. Prather. 2012. Replacement of bovine serum albumin with N-methyl-D-aspartic acid and homocysteine improves development over no bovine serum albumin, but doesnt translate into piglets. (accepted). Telugu, B.P.V.L., T. Ezashi, S. Sinha, A.P. Alexenko, L. Spate, R.S. Prather, R.M. Roberts. 2011. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)-dependent, pluripotent stem cells established from inner cell mass of porcine embryos. Journal of Biological Chemistry 286: 28948-28953. Tischkau SA, Howell RE, Hickok, JR, Paradkar K, Bahr JM. 2011. Effects of the luteinizing hormone surge on circadian clock gene expression in the chicken ovary. Chronobiology International 28:1-10. Vallet, J.L., Freking, B.A., Miles, J.R. 2011. 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