Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Minutes of NC-1029 Meeting May 25-26, 2010 Washington State University, Pullman, WA Participants Cassandra Tucker (University of California-Davis), Joy Mench (University of California-Davis), Lily Edwards (Kansas State University), Brenda Alexander (University of Wyoming), Ernie Minton (Kansas State University), Ruth Newberry (Washington State University), Janice Siegford (Michigan State University), Marcia Endres (University of Minnesota) Minutes 1. Introductions a. The Chair, Ruth Newberry, called the meeting to order, welcomed participants, and made introductory remarks. Participants introduced themselves. b. Dr. Dan Bernardo (Dean, College of Agricultural, Human & Natural Resource Sciences) and Dr. Margaret Benson (Chair, Dept. of Animal Sciences) welcomed the group to Washington State University and Pullman. Dr. Bernardo indicated that they have strong programs in Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences. He noted the importance of studies on animal behavior and well-being to animal agriculture and animal science. Washington has a 2 billion dollar animal industry, with dairy as the largest animal commodity. Addressing animal welfare and environmental issues is important for sustainability of animal industries in the state, and the general public has an impact on how animals are housed and handled. Dr. Benson indicated they have 18 faculty in Animal Sciences, including recently hired faculty members in reproductive biology (Jim Pru) and dairy systems management (Jude Capper). A chair in beef cattle research, plus another ag position in the department, have been approved for hiring. They have 230-250 undergraduate majors (80% pre-vet, urban and female). Exit interviews indicate a lot of interest in animal welfare. She noted a need more people in this area, which is very important to students. Research and industries in the state are very diverse  extensive/intensive, large/small, organic/conventional  and need to make good decisions on animal well-being based on science. She noted that animal welfare needs to be part of the discussion when we talk about animal production, and that producers are willing and wanting to do the right thing. 2. Administrative report " NIMSS update Ernie Minton " Our committee is organized out of the North Central region, so it is called NC1029, even though is national in scope. " Need to start the rewrite process, even though project ends September 2011 " September 15, 2010 we need to start the renewal proposal process and submit to NIMSS " There are 25 members in the project, question on how many will be actively involved " There is not an specific plan from NIFA about participation of PIs in the committee " Need to discuss what to accomplish, etc, topic in the agenda later today 3. Station reports a. Michigan State University (MSU)  Janice Siegford " J. Swanson is now interim Department chair. PhD Student starting in the fall. She will also have a post doc and research associate soon. " Working on activity monitoring in poultry along with Siegford and Mench. " J. Siegford has 2 MS and one PhD, and is leading a study to develop an automated tracking and behavioral monitoring system for laying hens in cage-free housing. J. Siegford is conducting research on temperament, maternal behavior, phenotype and genotype in beef cattle, pasture based dairy with voluntary milking, exit blocking and milking frequently; wireless bird monitoring (AFRI grant) correlating with video, detecting location and activity. " C. Heleski has one PhD who just finished and one MS defending this fall. Training methods of donkeys in Mali, animal welfare assessment in the ground. Urban equine issues, comparing developed vs. developing world. " The group hosted another successful Animal Welfare Judging and Assessment Competition, including veterinary school teams for the first time. Multiple NC-1029 members are involved in training participants and acting as judges for this annual competition. 2010 is the 10th year anniversary  competition held Nov 20-21, 2010. " Teaching  Siegford: Ethics in Animal agriculture, animal welfare assessment online course, applied animal behavior face-to-face undergraduate. Heleski: intro and animal welfare judging, horse behavior " Fear testing for swine started at Purdue, then Guelph, then IA State, then Michigan State. Manuscript draft being written by Marchant-Forde. b. University of Wyoming  Brenda Alexander " Focus on male reproductive behavior, especially sheep " 23-40% of rams are ineffective breeders " Identification of developmental processes which influence expression of reproductive behavior, plus neuroendrocrine function " Genetic identification of poor sexually performing rams to enhance profitability of small flocks (USDA small ranch grant) " Identification of production traits predictors of sexual performance to calculate an index. Used ADG and behavior (Grow-Safe) " Highly sexually performing rams visit feed source more than low sexually performing rams " Studied oxytocin effect on investigatory behavior (hamsters), but micro-array data did not indicate any differences in oxytocin concentrations " On farm study indicated a large variation on how many ewes were bred by each ram; highly sexually rams compensate for low ones in mid size flocks; more of a problem in very large or small flocks " Effect of progesterone in the male, it has been shown to restore male behavior in castrated male rats c. Kansas State University  Lily Edwards " Research on lactate analysis and physiology (treadmill and feed withdrawal)  what is the lactate threshold, what is the optimum way to handle pigs at packing plant to reduce lactate levels; feed withdrawal at different times, measuring lactate, behavior, meat quality " Humane on-farm euthanasia for piglets  hybobaric hypoxia; collaborative grant with Colorado State University, chamber is at Colorado State but should be moved to Kansas; will try to do EEGs; MS student working on this project. Another round of funding from Pork Producers will be requested later this year for continuing the work. " Pain control in castration of stocker calves, using Meloxicam " EEG during castration in dairy calves; USDA grant; castration at three different ages, different methods of castration. Question on methodology  is EEG the best way of evaluating pain? Maybe measuring more perception of pain, rather than physiological differences. They are also taking many other measurements, such as cortisol concentrations, behavior during and after, etc. EEG is more exploratory, need to evaluate how it would work. " Course on Behavior of Domestic Animals (AnSc655), 70 students, fall semester " Course on Contemporary Issues (AnSc595), use of video, 17 students d. University of Minnesota  Marcia Endres " Y. Li is conducting a study assessing fearfulness of gestating sows. They found that sows in late gestation were more fearful than sows in early gestation. There was no difference in fear score between young (parity 1-5) and old (parity 6-9) sows. These results indicate that gestation stage affected fear response in sows, which may be associated with changes in hormone profile during gestation. " Other studies included effect of parity on pre-weaning mortality and growth performance of piglets in a bedded, group farrowing system, effect of lactation housing (group or stalls) on growth performance of pigs, and effects of previous housing in large groups on behavior of growing pigs at mixing. " M. Endres is investigating the use of thermography for early detection of hoof problems in lactating cows, optimal use of separated manure solids for bedding freestalls, welfare in cross-ventilated freestall barns and compost bedded pack barns, mortality risk factors in dairy herds, and validation of an automated feeding behavior system for freestall housed dairy cattle. " Course on Animals and Society, including modules on animal welfare, had about 230 students enrolled this year. e. Washington State University  Ruth Newberry " Chickens  Work on how environmental enrichment and play behavior impact responses to alarming situations, investigating the training for the unexpected hypothesis for play. Cage study  gave chickens worm-like objects and swinging perches. Fear tests  tonic immobility, open field, toss mealworm (novel object), inversion test (count wing flaps). Factor analysis, but questions about interpretation  factors could be active and passive fear responses, and bold response. No robust effect of treatments across age (5 and 10 weeks of age). Effect on growth rate by giving the mealworms. " Pigs  Work on bark vocalizations, usually given in alarm situations. Open the gate and let pigs run on straw in the walkway to promote play and detect vocalizations associated with positive events. " S. Cloutier is investigating social play and playful handling by humans (tickling) as methods of social enrichment for laboratory rats. Assessment incorporates tests of anxiety including the open field, emergence, elevated plus maze, cat odor, and human approach tests. f. University of California, Davis  Cassandra Tucker " Research on how cattle interact with their environment, including weather (heat stress, mud), design of freestalls, play behavior. " Course on Domestic Animal Behavior and another course on Methods. " On-farm assessment of welfare, National FARM Dairy Well-Being Program, workshops on guidelines for welfare are being currently presented g. University of California, Davis  Joy Mench " Diverse research program with laboratory animals and poultry " Fear test with broiler and laying hens, Greg Archer, post-doc  hens genetic differences on fear responses; broilers, lighting effects. " Effect of light stimulation during incubation, development of fetus " UC-Davis is a repository of genetic stocks for chickens, investigated 7 genotypes " Used fear tests suggested by committee, but included others. Immobility test, inversion test (see how much they wing flap). On tonic immobility, jungle fowl seemed to be less fearful, domestic birds more fearful. Inversion test, opposite responses. " Conducted factor analysis to find out how the various measurements correlated or how they varied depending on the strains. " Varying the photoperiod for incubation period resulted in significant responses to approach test and chute test (from dark to wide open lighted area) with broiler chickens incubated in the dark with post-hatch photoperiods, little effect of post-hatch. Light/dark stimulation (12/12) during incubation resulted in reduced fear levels compared to all dark. " On naturally nesting chickens, they observed that some hens did not leave the nest to eat or drink for 14 days. 2) Discussion on completion of current NC1029 objectives a. Pigs " Testing has been completed at Purdue University, University of Guelph, Michigan State University, and Iowa State University. " Marchant-Forde solicited data for the manuscript from all participants and he is going to write the materials and methods. Garner is performing statistics. Other participants will help with introduction, results and discussion. Goal is to submit for publication in the Journal of Animal Science. b. Poultry " Newberry and Mench could submit a manuscript on the factor analysis overall for poultry or alternatively combine all three animal categories (swine, poultry and goats). " Additional publications from their individual studies on fear in poultry. c. Ruminants (Goats) " L. Katz and J. Mench have conducted fear testing of goats. A manuscript on their study will be submitted. " Endres, Siegford and Tucker discussed last year the possibility of cattle testing and decided that it was beyond the scope of the current project. d. Greg Archer (UC-Davis post-doc) could potentially take the lead in writing a synthesis manuscript including all animal categories. e. Experimental manuscripts should be submitted first. Goal is to submit the experimental poultry work by May 2011 (Newberry); swine work by May 2011? (Siegford will check with Marchant-Forde); writing up poultry work from UC-Davies depends on Gregs schedule. f. Fear test overall summarization could be submitted for board review article in Journal of Animal Science. Extension article also desirable by end of current project (Sept. 30, 2011). 3) Future plans for committee a. Renewal of committee and discussion of future objectives " Issue and justification statement needs to be submitted by September 15, 2010. Statement of issues: based on needs from stakeholders, impacts, outcomes, etc, 20,000 characters maximum. Couple of pages might be sufficient. We need to justify objectives. " Submission of objectives by October 15, 2010 " Submission of appendix E by November 15, 2010 " Submission of full proposal by December 1, 2010. That should include a literature review (previous proposal was one page), methods section (most extensive), outputs, impacts. " Where do we already have synergy and collaborations going on that we could develop further into objectives for the renewal project? " Optimization of housing and management systems for improved well-being could be a potential area of effort " Should we have veterinarians on the committee? Engagement with veterinarians in relation to animal welfare would be important for the livestock industry " On-farm animal welfare assessment and management tools could be a focus for the rewrite too. This could include development, validation, training for proper implementation, and guidance on interpretation of results. This theme would provide opportunities for research and extension. " Validation and use of non-invasive automated methods for measuring welfare/behavior. " Mench and Siegford to contact poultry participants to generate a paragraph on possible collaborations, Endres and Tucker on dairy, Johnson on swine. Submit to the whole group prior to ASAS/ADSA/PSA meetings. " Tuesday, July 13, 12:30 p.m., our committee will meet in the behavior session presentation room to define overarching objectives for the proposal renewal. " Email entire group that we would like to have broad objectives (like NC1022, i.e.) for the new project. 4) Business meeting a. Elections " M. Endres was elected to succeed R. Newberry as Chair. " A. Johnson was elected to succeed M. Endres as Secretary. b. Scheduling the 2011 meeting " Possible options: v Have it in combination with WAFL (August 8-11, 2011) or ISAE v In Minnesota in or near U of M campus v Poll participants about preferred location at the Denver meeting c. NIMSS page update " Content  No change is needed at this time. Changed needed at the rewrite " Member list and contact information Minton to inform NIMSS for removal of Inma Estevez and Brad Imvalle

The U.S. is challenged with assuring that animal welfare is adequate in its livestock and poultry production systems. This committee is providing the information gained through evaluation of behavioral tests of animal fearfulness as a means to contribute to this assurance. Thus, the findings of this committee have the potential to impact the welfare of billions of production animals as well as to increase the productivity and competitiveness of millions of U.S. producers. The results from this project will be published in peer-reviewed manuscripts and incorporated into extension programming to provide researchers and classroom and extension educators with tools and information on how to assess animal welfare in terms of fear. Short-term Outcomes: Multistate collaboration is underway to develop and validate methodology for assessing fear in farm animals under a variety of environmental conditions. This work is leading to recommendations regarding fear tests that can be used in farm animal welfare assessments and audits. Outputs: 1) Results on fear testing of swine, chickens, turkeys, and beef cattle were presented at various conferences by NC1029 members from Iowa State University, Kansas State University, Michigan State University, The Ohio State University, USDA ARS LBRU, University of California-Davis, University of Minnesota, Washington State University. 2) NC1029 members Katz, Mench, Millman, Newberry, and Tucker collaborated in writing the environmental enrichment chapter for the FASS Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Research and Teaching, Third Edition (published January, 2010). Multiple additional NC1029 members were involved in authoring of the individual species chapters. 3) NC1029 members Green, Lay, Mench, and Newberry participated in the preparation of white papers presented at a symposium on Socially Sustainable Egg Production at the ADSA-PSA-AMPA-CSAS-ASAS Joint Meeting in Denver on 7/14/10. Activities: 1) In 2009-2010, results were compiled from use of a standardized protocol to assess fear-related behavior in swine. Four stations participated in this research (Michigan State University, Iowa State University, University of Guelph and Purdue/USDA ARS LBRU). Standardized protocols for assessing fear-related behavior in poultry were also assessed by NC1029 members at The Ohio State University, USDA ARS LBRU, the University of California-Davis and Washington State University. Progress was made in analyzing data and preparation of findings for publication of manuscripts on assessment of fear in swine, poultry and small ruminants. 2) NC1029 Annual Meeting was held on May 25-26, 2010 in Pullman WA, and a follow-up meeting was held on July 13, 2010 in Denver CO. Members decided upon the following themes for project renewal: (a) novel techniques for measuring livestock and poultry behavior, (b) on-farm assessment of livestock and poultry behavior and welfare. A project renewal writing sub-committee was identified (Edwards, Endres, Johnson, Newberry, Tucker). Station reports were presented by NC1029 members from Kansas State University, Michigan State University, University of California-Davis, University of Minnesota, Washington State University and University of Wyoming (summarized in attached minutes). 3) In 2009-2010, NC1029 members collaborated in the publication of multiple scientific papers, book chapters, extension articles, conference presentations, and grant applications on applied animal behavior and welfare (see reference listing below). 4) The Animal Welfare Judging and Assessment Competition was hosted at Michigan State University in November, 2009, involving personnel from multiple stations affiliated with NC1029. Milestones: The following milestones are targets for the August 2010 - July 2011 year. These milestones will enable NC1029 to meet research and publication targets related to the current goal of validating fear tests for various livestock species by the conclusion of the current project on 9/30/11 and to develop a new 5-year project. 1) Submit request for project renewal by 9/15/10. Requires statement of issues, based on stakeholder needs, impacts, outcomes (20,000 characters maximum). 2) Submit objectives by 10/15/10. 3) Submit Appendix E by 11/15/10. 4) Submit complete renewal proposal, with literature review, methods, outputs, and impacts, by 12/1/10. 5) Submit scientific manuscripts on fear testing by May, 2011 (members of swine and poultry sub-groups). 6) Conduct NC1029 Annual Meeting in May, 2011. 7) Submit extension articles on validation of fear tests by September, 2011 (members involved in extension). 8) Current project ends 9/30/11. Submit termination report.

Publications Associated with Fear Testing in Agricultural Species Archer, G.S., R.A. Blatchford, J.A. Mench. 2010. The effect of lighting conditions during incubation and post-hatch on fear responses of broiler chickens. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Botheras, N.A., J.A. Pempek, D.K. Enigk. 2010. Relationship between fear of humans and amount of human contact in commercially reared turkeys. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Chan, W., Newberry, R.C. 2010. Barking pigs: acoustic differences between barks given in alarm and play contexts. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Dennis, R., D.C. Lay, H.-W. Cheng. 2010. Effects of early serotonin programming on fear response, memory and aggression. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Dossey, N., Massey, C., Cloutier, S., Newberry, R.C. 2010. Impact of play enrichment on fear and anxiety in chickens. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Edwards, L.E., Botheras, N.A., Coleman, G.J., Hemsworth, P.H., 2010. Behavioural and physiological responses of laying hens to humans. Animal Production Science 50: 557-559. Edwards, L.N., T. Grandin, T.E. Engle, M.J. Ritter, A.A. Sosnicki, M.-A. Paradis, J.A. Correa, F. Menard, D.B. Anderson. 2010. The relationship between on-farm loading and pre-stun animal handling with meat quality in swine. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Lay, D.C., Fulton, R.M., Hester, P.Y., Karcher, D.M., Kjaer, J., Mench, J.A., Mullens, B.A., Newberry, R.C., Nicol, C.J., OSullivan, N.P., and Porter, R.E. 2010. A comparison of hen welfare in relation to multiple housing systems. PSA Keynote Symposium on Social Sustainability of Egg Production, Proc. Joint Annual Meeting of ADSA, PSA, AMPA, CSAS, and ASAS, July 11-15, 2010, Denver CO. Li, Y.Z. 2009. Effects of maternal fear on pre-weaning mortality of piglets in a loose farrowing system. J. Anim. Sci. 87: (Suppl. 3): 42. Morris, H.M., Croney, C., Newberry, R.C. 2010. Effects of early rearing environment on learning ability and behavior in laying hens. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Newberry, R.C. 2010. Studies on chicken emotion and pleasure. In: Proc. Workshop on Pullet and Laying Hen Well-Being, Management and Assessment, 18 April, 2010, Vancouver, BC. American College of Poultry Veterinarians, Jacksonville FL. Pairis, M. Young, A., Millman, S. Garvey J., A. Johnson. 2009. Can fear be effectively assessed in swine? A study measuring fear levels during a Human Approach Test. Animal Industry Report. R2470. Phillips, C., Y. Li, J. Anderson. 2010. Fear responses in gestating sows. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Rumph JM, Ernst C, Siegford J, Daigle C, Buskirk D, Hawkins D. 2009. Correlation of docility and exit velocity with economically relevant traits. Proc Beef Improvement Fed 41st Ann Res Symp. 151-159. April 30-May 3, 2009. Sacramento, CA. http://www.beefimprovement.org/proceedings.html. Other Publications Associated with Behavior and Welfare Journal articles Alexander, B.M., P. Singh, K.J. Austin, R.R. Cockrum, K.M. Cammack, B.W. Hess, G.E. Moss, P.W. Nathaneilsz, and S.P. Ford. 2009. Effect of maternal fatness on fetal steroids and semi-quantitative real-time PCR expression of receptor genes in sheep. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 116:58-64. Alvino GM, Blatchford RA, Archer GS, Mench JA. 2009. Light intensity during rearing affects the behavioural synchrony and resting patterns of broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci. 50(3):275-83. Alvino, G.M., G.S. Archer, J.A. Mench. 2009. Behavioural time budgets of broiler chickens reared in varying light intensities. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 118, 54-61. Archer GS, Shivaprasad HL, Mench JA. 2009. Effect of providing light during incubation on the health, productivity, and behavior of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 88(1):29-37. Berry, N., A. Johnson, S. M. Lonergan, T. Baas, J. Hill, C. Schultz-Kaster, J. Matthews, L Karriker and K. Stalder. 2010. Loading gantry versus traditional chute: Effect on fresh pork loin quality attributes when properly loaded. Fleischwirtschaft International 1, 60-63. Bewley, J.M., R.E. Boyce, J. Hockin, L. Munksgaard, S.D. Eicher, and M.M. Schutz. 2009. An exploratory study of management factors influencing lying time using an automated activity monitoring sensor. Journal of Dairy Research 77:1-6. Blatchford RA, Klasing KC, Shivaprasad HL, Wakenell PS, Archer GS, Mench JA. 2009. The effect of light intensity on the behavior, eye and leg health, and immune function of broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 88(1):20-8. Cloutier, S. and Newberry, R.C. 2010. Physiological and behavioural responses of laboratory rats housed at different tier levels and levels of visual contact with conspecifics and humans. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 125, 69-79. Croney, CC. 2010. Words Matter: Implications of Semantics and Imagery in Framing Animal-Welfare Issues. J Vet Med Educ 37: 101-106. Duffield, T.F., Heinrich, A., Millman, S.T., de Haan, A., James, S., Lissemore, K., 2010. Reduction in pain response by combined use of local lidocaine anesthesia and systemic ketoprofen in dairy calves dehorned by heat cauterization. Can. Vet. J. 51:283-288. Duffield, T.F., Leslie, K.E., Millman, S.T., Lissemore, K.D., 2009. Research and teaching of dairy cattle well-being: finding synergy between ethology and epidemiology. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 12:132-142. Edwards, L.N., T.E. Engle, T. Grandin, J.A. Correa and D.B. Anderson. 2010. The relationship between exsanguination blood lactate concentration and carcass quality in slaughter pigs. Meat Science. 85(3): 435-40. Elmore, M.R.P., Garner, J.P., Johnson, A.K., Richert, B.T. & Pajor, E.A. (2010). "A flooring comparison: The impact of rubber mats on the health, behavior, and welfare of group housed sows at breeding " Applied Animal Behaviour Science 123: 7-15. Fitzgerald, R. F., K. J. Stalder, J. O. Matthews, C. M. Schultz - Kaster, and A. K. Johnson. 2009. Factors associated with fatigued, injured and dead pig frequency during transport and lairage at a commercial abattoir Journal of Animal Science 87:1156-1166. Fitzgerald, R. F., K. J. Stalder, P. M. Dixon, A. K. Johnson, L. Karriker and G. F. Jones. 2009. The accuracy and repeatability of sow body condition scoring. Professional Animal Scientist 25:415-425. Fregonesi, J.A., von Keyserlingk, M.A.G, Tucker, C.B., Veira, D. M., and Weary, D.M. 2009. Neck-rail position in the freestall affects standing behavior, udder and stall cleanliness. Journal of Dairy Science. 92:1979-1985. Gaskill, B., Gordon, C.J., Pajor, E.A. & Garner, J.P. (2009). "Impact of Nesting Material on Mouse Thermoregulation and Variability." Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science 48(5): 549-549. Gaskill, B.N., Rohr, S.A., Pajor, E.A., Lucas, J.R. & Garner, J.P. (2009). "Some like it hot: mouse temperature preferences in laboratory housing." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 116: 279-285. Green, A. R., Wesley, I., Trampel, D. W., Xin, H. 2009. Air quality and bird health status in three types of commercial egg layer houses. J Appl Poult Res 18: 605-621. Heinrich, A., Duffield, T.F., Lissemore, K.D., Pearl, D.L., Millman, S.T., 2010. The effect of meloxicam on behavior and pain sensitivity of dairy calves following cautery disbudding with a local anesthetic. Journal of Animal Science 93:2450-2457. Heinrich, A., Duffield, T.F., Lissemore, K.D., Squires, E.J., Millman, S.T., 2009. The impact of meloxicam on post-surgical stress associated with cautery dehorning. Journal of Dairy Science 92:540-547 Jackson, C. J., L. A. Karriker, K. J. Stalder and A. K. Johnson. 2009. Number of visits and length of each visit to a nipple cup drinker by 7-week-old pigs after a water deprivation period or ad libitum access to water. Journal of Swine Health and Production: March  April. 76-80. Johnson, A. K. 2009. Farm Animal Behavior and Welfare: the past, the future and how can ASAS play an integral role? Journal of Animal Science. 2009. 87:21752179. Johnson, A. K., J. R. Garvey, L. J. Sadler, J. L. Morrow, K. J. Stalder and J. J. McGlone. 2009. Pre-weaning mortality in loose-housed suckling piglets: Behavioral differences between piglets in litters whose co-specifics are killed or not killed in the first 72 hours after parturition. Acta Agriculturae Scand. Section A. 59: 53-58. Johnson, A. K., L. J. Sadler, L. M. Gesing, C. Feuerbach, H. Hill, M. Faga, R. Bailey, K. J. Stalder, and M. J. Ritter. 2010. Effects of facility design on the stress responses of market weight pigs during loading and unloading. Professional Animal Scientist 2:9-17. Kim, L.C., Garner, J.P. & Millam, J.R. (2009). "Preferences of Orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica) for cage enrichment devices." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 120(3-4): 216-223. Li, Y. Z., L.J. Johnston, and A. M. Hilbrands. 2010. Pre-weaning mortality of piglets in a bedded, group-farrowing system. J. Swine Health Prod. Vol. 12 (2): 75-80. Li, Y.Z. and L.J. Johnston. 2009. Behavior and performance of pigs previously housed in large groups. J. Anim. Sci. 87: 1472-1478. Lord, LK., Walker, JB., Croney, CC., Golab, GC. 2010. A Comparison of Veterinary Students Enrolled and Not Enrolled in an Animal-Welfare Course. J Vet Med Educ 37: 40-48. Mader, T.L., L.J. Johnson, and J.B. Gaughan. 2010. A comprehensive index for assessing environmental stress in animals. J. Anim Sci. 88, 2153-2165. Marchant-Forde, J., D.C. Lay, Jr., K.A. McMunn, H.W. Cheng, E.A. Pajor, and R.M. Marchant-Forde. 2009. Post-natal piglet husbandry practices and well-being: The effects of alternative techniques delivered separately. Journal of Animal Science 87:1479-1492. Margiasso, M.E. Longpre, K.M. and L.S. Katz. 2010. Partner Preference: Assessing the Role of the Female Goat. Physiology and Behavior 99:587-591. McGowan, R.T.S., Robbins, C.T., Alldredge, J.R., and Newberry, R.C. 2009. Contrafreeloading in grizzly bears: implications for environmental enrichment. Zoo Biology 28, 1-19. Meiszberg, A. M., A. K. Johnson, L. J. Sadler, J. A. Carroll, J. W. Dailey, and N. Krebs. 2009. Drinking behavior in nursery pigs: determining the accuracy between an automatic water meter versus human observers. Journal of Animal Science 87:41734180. Millman, S.T., Johnson, A.K., OConnor, A.M., Zanella, A.J., 2009. Animal welfare and epidemiology  Across species, across disciplines and across borders. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 12:83-87. Millman, S.T., 2009. Animal welfare  scientific approaches to the issues. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 12:88-96. Moulton, K., P. Ryan, D.C. Lay Jr., and S. Willard. 2009. Postmortem photonic imaging of lux-modified Salmonella Typhimurium within the gastrointestinal tract of swine after oral inoculation in vivo. Journal of Animal Science 87:2239-2244. Moulton, K., P. Ryan, D.C. Lay Jr., and S. Willard. 2009. Photonic plasmid stability of transformed Salmonella typhimurium: A comparison of three unique plasmids. BMC Microbiology 9:152-159. Niekamp, S.R. and Johnson, A.K. 2009 Transport losses in market weight pigs: I. A review of definitions, incidence and economic impact. Professional Animal Scientist 25:404-414. Nordgreen, J., Garner, J.P., Janczak, A.M., Ranheim, B., Muir, W.M. & Horsberg, T.E. (2009). "Thermonociception in fish: Effects of two different doses of morphine on thermal threshold and post-test behaviour in goldfish (Carassius auratus)." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 119(1-2): 101-107. ODriscoll, K. K. M., M. M. Schutz, A. C. Lossie., and S. D. Eicher. 2009. The effect of floor surface on dairy cow immune function and locomotion score. Journal of Dairy Science 92: 4249-4261. Poletto R., M.H. Rostagno, B.T. Richert, and J.N. Marchant-Forde. 2009. Effects of a "step-up" ractopamine feeding program, sex, and social rank on growth performance, hoof lesions, and Enterobacteriaceae shedding in finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 87(1):304-313. Richter, H., Garner, J.P. & Würbel, H. (2009). "Environmental standardization: cure or cause of poor reproducibility in animal experiments?" Nature Methods 6(4): 257-261. Richter, H., Garner, J.P., Auer, C., Kunert, J. & Würbel, H. (2010). "Systematic variation improves reproducibility of animal experiments." Nature Methods 7(3): 167-168. Ritter, M. J., M. Ellis, N. L. Berry, S. E. Curtis, L. Anil, M. Benjamin, E. Berg, D. Butler, C. Dewey, B. Driessen, P. DuBois, A. Green, J. Hill, J. Marchant-Forde, P. Matzat, J. McGlone, P. Mormede, T. Moyer, K. Pfalzgraf, J. Salak-Johnson, M. Siemens, J. Sterle, C. Stull, T. Whiting, B. Wolter, S. R. Niekamp, and A. K. Johnson.. 2009. Transport losses in market weight pigs: Definitions, incidence and economic impact. The Professional Animal Scientist 25:404414 Schütz, K.E., Rogers, A.R. Poulouin, Y., Cox, N.R., Tucker, C.B. 2010. The amount of shade influences the behavior and physiology of dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science. 93: 125-133. Schütz, K.E., Rogers, A.R., Cox, N.R., and Tucker, C.B. 2009. Dairy cows prefer shade that offers greater protection against solar radiation in summer: Shade use, behaviour, and body temperature. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 116:28-34. Siegford JM, Yue Cottee S, Widowski TM. 2010. Opportunities for learning about animal welfare from online courses to graduate degrees. J Vet Med Educ. 37(1):49-55. Stanton, A.L., Kelton, D.F., LeBlanc, S.J., Millman, S.T., Wormuth, J., Dingwell, R.T., Leslie, K.E., 2010. The effect of treatment with long-acting antibiotic at post-weaning movement on respiratory disease and on growth in commercial dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science 93:574-581. Stewart, M., Stookey, J.M, Stafford, K.J., Tucker, C.B., Rogers, A.R., Verkerk, G.A., Schaefer, A.L., and Webster, J.R. 2009. Effects of local anaesthetic and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug on pain responses of dairy calves to hot-iron dehorning. Journal of Dairy Science. 92:1521-1519. Sutherland, S.J., Gray, J.T., Menzies, P.I., Hook, S.E., Millman, S.T., 2009. Transmission of food-borne zoonotic pathogens to riparian areas by pastured sheep. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 73:125-131. Thogerson, C.M., Hester, P.Y., Mench, J.A., Newberry, R.C., Okura, C.M., Pajor, E.A., Talaty, P. & Garner, J.P. (2009). "The effect of feeder space allocation on productivity and physiology of Hy-Line W-36 hens housed in conventional cages." Poultry Science 88(9): 1793-1799. Thogerson, C.M., Hester, P.Y., Mench, J.A., Newberry, R.C., Pajor, E.A. & Garner, J.P. (2009). "The effect of feeder space allocation on behavior of Hy-Line W-36 hens housed in conventional cages." Poultry Science 88(8): 1544-52. Todd, C., McKnight, D., Duffield, T., Leslie, K., Millman, S., 2010. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy for neonatal calf diarrhea complex  effects on calf performance and feeding behavior. Journal of Animal Science 88:2019-2028. Tucker, A.L., Atkinson, J.L., Millman, S.T., Widowski, T.M., 2010. Metabolic indicators of nutritional stress are not predictive of abnormal oral behaviour in piglets. Physiology & Behavior 100:277-283. Tucker, A.L., Duncan, I.J.H., Millman, S.T., Friendship, R.M., Widowski, T.M., 2010. Dentition in commercial piglets: The effect of premolar eruption on feeding development prior to and after weaning at 28 days. Journal of Animal Science 88:2277-2288. Tucker, C.B., Cox, N.R. Weary, D.M., and Spinka, M. 2009. Laterality of lying behavior in dairy cattle. Applied Animal Behavior Science. 120:125-131. Tucker, C.B., Lacy-Hulbert, S.J., and Webster, J.R. 2009. Effect of milking frequency and feeding level before and after dry off on dairy cattle behavior and udder characteristics. Journal of Dairy Science. 92:3194-3203. Tucker, C.B., Weary, D.M., von Keyserlingk, M.A.G., and Beauchemin, K.A. 2009. Cow comfort in tie stalls: Increased depth of shavings or straw bedding increases lying time. Journal of Dairy Science. 92:2684-2690. Von Borstel, U.U., Duncan, I.J.H., Keeling, L.J., Shoveller, A.K., Merkies, K.K., Millman, S.T. 2009. Impact of riding in a coercively obtained Rollkur-posture on welfare and fear of performance horses. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 116:228-236. Chapters in books and proceedings Dufour, B.D. & J.P. Garner. (2009). An Ethological Analysis of Barbering Behavior. Neurobiology of Grooming Behavior. A. Kalueff, C. Bergner and J. LaPorte. Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press. Edwards, L.N. 2010. Animal well-being and behavioral needs on the farm. In: Improving Animal Welfare: A Practical Approach. Grandin, T., ed. CAB International. Wallingford, UK. Katz, L.S. Behavior: Reproductive. 2010. In: Encyclopedia of Animal Science, 2nd edition; Pond, Wilson G., Bell, Alan W., Eds.; Marcel Dekker, Inc.: New York. Mench, J. A., Newberry, R,C., Millman, S.T., Tucker, C. B., Katz, L., 2010. Environmental enrichment. In: Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Research and Teaching, Third Edition. Federation of Animal Science Societies, Champaign, IL, USA, p. 30-44. Millman, S.T., Mench, J.A., Malleau, A., 2010. The future of poultry welfare. In: Duncan, I.J.H., Hawkins, P. (Editors), The Welfare of Domestic Fowl and Other Captive Birds, Springer Netherlands, p.279-302. Newberry, R.C. 2009. Chickens. pp. 108-112. In: Encyclopedia of Animal Rights and Animal Welfare. 2nd Edition. Volume 1. Ed. by M. Bekoff, Greenwood Publishing Group, Westport CT. Stull, C., Rodiek, A., Coleman, R., Ralston, S., Topcliff, T., Millman, S., 2010. Guidelines for horse husbandry. In: Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Research and Teaching, Third Edition. Federation of Animal Science Societies, Champaign, IL, USA, p. 89-101. Conference abstracts and other articles Agnew D, Siegford J, Tubbs M, Daigle C, Snider R, Swanson J. 2009. Virtual animal welfare assessment: educational and husbandry tools for the zoo industry. Proceedings of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians Annual Conference, October 24-30, Tulsa, Oklahoma. Agnew DW, Daigle CL, Siegford JM, Heleski CR, Swanson JC. 2010. Virtual animal welfare assessment: a tool for developing international proficiency. Wildlife Conservation, Health, and Disease Management - a Post-Millenium Approach. February, 3-5, 2010. Chennai, India. Alexander, B. M., N. Cockett, T.L. Hadfield, G.E. Moss. 2010. Breeding performance of rams in two Wyoming producer flocks. J. Anim. Sci. 88 (suppl) (Denver, CO). Alvino, G.M., G.S. Archer, J.A. Mench. 2010. Astroturf as a dustbathing substrate for laying hens. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Arp. A., A. K. Johnson. 2010. Independent Study 490A: Do gilts adapt to a confined farrowing stall after being housed in a loose deep bedded gestation environment? Animal Industry Report. R2544. Baker, R. G., A. K. Johnson, K. J. Stalder, and M. S. Honeyman. 2009. Finishing steers in a deep-bedded hoop barn vs. a conventional feedlot: Effects on behavior and temperament in the summer. Animal Industry Report. R2404. Baker, R. G., A. K. Johnson, K. J. Stalder, and M. S. Honeyman. 2009. Finishing steers in a deep-bedded hoop barn vs. a conventional feedlot: Effects on behavior and temperament in the winter. Animal Industry Report. R2407. Baker, R. G., A. K. Johnson, K. J. Stalder, and M. S. Honeyman. 2009. Finishing steers in a deep-bedded hoop barn vs. a conventional feedlot: Effects on performance and meats characteristics in the summer. Animal Industry Report. R2405. Baker, R. G., A. K. Johnson, K. J. Stalder, and M. S. Honeyman. 2009. Finishing steers in a deep-bedded hoop barn vs. a conventional feedlot: Effects on performance and meats characteristics in the winter. Animal Industry Report. R2406. Baker, R., A. Johnson, K. Stalder M Honeyman, and D. Busby. 2009. Finishing Steers in a Deep-Bedded Hoop Barn and a Conventional Feedlot: Effects on Behavior and Temperament in Iowa. Iowa State University, Armstrong and Neely-Kinyon Research and Demonstration Farms ISRF08-12. Berry, N. L., A. K. Johnson, S. M. Lonergan, T. J. Baas, L. A. Karriker, J. Hill, C. Schultz-Caster and N. Matthews. 2010. Loading Gantry Versus Traditional Chute for the Finisher Pig: Effect on Fresh Pork Quality Attributes When Properly Loaded at First Pull. Animal Industry Report. R2545. Berry, N. L., A. K. Johnson, S. M. Lonergan, T. J. Baas, L. A. Karriker, J. Hill, C. Schultz-Caster and N. Matthews. 2010. Loading Gantry Versus Traditional Chute for the Finisher Pig: Effect on Fresh Pork Quality Attributes When Properly Loaded at Close Out. Animal Industry Report. R2545. Blatchford, R.A., G.S. Archer, J.A. Mench. 2010. The effect of lighting regime on broiler behaviour and health. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Botheras, N., Pempek, J., 2009. Final report to the Ohio Dairy Research Fund. Rubber flooring in a free-stall dairy barn. Breton, A. B., M.G. Leedy, K.J. Austin, B.M. Alexander. 2009. Effects of neonatal exposure to progesterone on the development and expression of adult male sexual behavior in the rat. Soc. Behavioral Neuroendo Breton, A.B., K.J. Austin, L. E. Edinger, B.M. Alexander. 2010. Effects of Neonatal Treatment with Progesterone or RU486 on Testes Morphology and Adult Gene Expression in the Hypothalamus and Amygdala. Soc. Behavioral Neuroendo (Toronto, Canada) and Rocky Mountain Reproduction Sciences Symposium (Ft. Collins, CO) Carson, B. A. A. K. Johnson, P Sunday, and T. Colvin. 2010. Independent Study 490A: What were the reasons for why adopters choose a black dog over other colors? Animal Industry Report. R2511. Carson, B. A. A. K. Johnson, P Sunday, and T. Colvin. 2010. Independent Study 490A: To determine the effectiveness of the black dog program. Animal Industry Report. R2512. Cloutier, S. and Newberry, R.C. 2009. Tickled pink. Animal Welfare Institute Quarterly 58(2): 24-25. Cloutier, S., Panksepp, J. and Newberry, R.C. 2009. Effect of playful handling during routine care on anxiety-related responses of laboratory rats. In: Proc. 60th Congress of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science, Nov. 8-12, 2009, Denver, CO. Cloutier, S., Wahl, K., Panksepp, J., Newberry, R.C. 2010. Playful handling reduces stress associated with repeated intra-peritoneal injections in laboratory rats. In: Proc. 49th Annual Symposium of the Canadian Association for Laboratory Animal Science, April 24-27, 2010, Quebec City, QC. Crespo, R. Moore, D, Dhillon, S.A., Newberry, R.C., Faux, C. 2010. Filling the gap: pet poultry for practitioners. In: Proc. 59th Western Poultry Disease Conference, April 19-21, 2010, Vancouver, B.C. Cressey, N., L Karriker, K Stalder and A Johnson. 2009. How to build a state of the art swine research laboratory. Phi Zeta Gamma poster contest at ISU CVM research day. August 14th. Croney, C.C., Anthony, R. 2010. Engaging science in a climate of values: Tools for animal scientists tasked with addressing ethical problems. J. Anim Sci. 2010 88: E75-81 Cussen, V.A., J.A. Mench. 2010. Personality dimensions and cognitive bias in Orange-Winged Amazon parrots. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Daigle CL, Quwaider MQ, Siegford JM, Biswas SK, Swanson JC. 2010. Laying hen location and activity can be monitored in a non-cage environment using a wireless body-mounted sensor system. Proceedings of the 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting, May 27-27, 2010 Pullman, WA. 10:22-23. Dickey, E., A. K. Johnson and K. Bregendahl. 2009. Evaluation of a pre molt calcium and low energy diet molt program: Effects on laying hen behavior before and during molt. Animal Industry Report. R2446. Dickey, E., K. Bregendahl, and A. K. Johnson. 2009. Evaluation of a pre molt calcium and low energy diet molt program: Effects on laying hen performance before and during molt. Animal Industry Report. R2448. Dickey, E., K. Bregendahl, and A. K. Johnson. 2009. Evaluation of a pre molt calcium and low energy diet molt program: Effects on laying hen physiology before and during molt. Animal Industry Report. R2447. Edwards, L.N. 2009. Just one drop: A new way to monitor animal well-being. Pork Exec.4(5): 8,13. Edwards, L.N., T. Grandin, T. E. Engle, M. J. Ritter, A. A. Sosnicki, M. A. Paradis, J. A. Correa and D. B. Anderson. 2010. Relationship of blood lactate and meat quality in market hogs. In: Proceedings of the Reciprocal Meat Conference. Lubbock, TX. Endres, M.I. 2009. Compost bedded pack barns  Can they work for you? Pp. 271 in Proc. 2009 Western Canadian Dairy Seminar, Alberta, March 2009. Fuller A.M., K.J. Austin, A.J. Roberts, G.E. Moss, B.M. Alexander. 2009. Fasting lowers gastrin-releasing peptide and FSH mRNA in the ovine anterior pituitary gland. Proc. West Sec Anim. Sci. 60. Fuller, A. M., K. J. Austin, V. A. Uthlaut, K. M. Cammack, B. M. Alexander. 2010. Gene Expression in Amygdala of Low Sexually-Performing Rams: Are Rams Practicing Abstinence? Soc Behavioral Neuroendo (Toronto, Canada) and Rocky Mountain Reproduction Sciences Symposium (Ft. Collins, CO) Garner, J.P. (2009). "Enrichment, chronic stress and its impact on research data." ALTEX 26 (Special issue: Abstracts 7th World Congress Rome 2009): 261. Garner, J.P. (2009). "What makes a stereotypy a stereotypy?" XXXI International Ethological Conference, Rennes, France. Garner, J.P. (2010). "Refinement, reduction, and enrichment in the biomarker era: Moving beyond replacement in adressing the welfare of laboratory animals". NC3Rs / Society of Biology joint meeting, London, UK. Garvey, J. R., A. K. Johnson, L. J. Sadler, K. J. Stalder, and J. J. McGlone. 2008. Piglet mortality in an outdoor farrowing hut: What contributes to their demise over the first 72-h after parturition? Animal Industry Report. R2463. Gaskill, B.N., Lucas, J.R., Pajor, E.A. & Garner, J.P. (2009). "Little and Often? Maintaining Continued Performance in an Automated T-Maze for Mice". International Behavioral Neuroscience Society 18th Annual Meeting, Manzanillo, Mexico. Gaskill, B.N., Rodda, C. & Garner, J.P. (2009). "Shopping for Parts vs. Final Construction: Fine Grained Nest Building Behavior in Mice." International Behavioral Neuroscience Society 18th Annual Meeting, Manzanillo, Mexico. Gesing, L., A. Johnson, J. Selsby, K, Stalder, M. Faga, C. Feuerbach, H. Hill, R. Bailey and M. Ritter. 2010. Effects of pre-sorting prior to loading on transport losses of the market weight pigs during loading and unloading. Animal Industry Report. R2551. Haulenbeek, A. M. Colandreo, A. and L.S. Katz. 2009. Partner preference and sexual performance in male goats. Soc. for Behavioral Neuroendocrinology, East Lansing, MI. Heleski CR, Siegford JM, Waite K, Kaiser L. 2009. Horse-human interactions: a review of recent MSU projects. Animals: Past, Present & Future, April 16-17, 2009. East Lansing, MI. Higginson, J.H. , Leslie, K.E., Millman, S.T., Kelton, D.F., 2009. Evaluation of the Pedometry Plus system for the detection of activity, resting and lameness in dairy cattle. Second Annual Animal Welfare Research Symposium, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada. [poster presentation] Higginson, J.H., Millman, S.T., Leslie, K.E., Kelton, D.F., 2010. Validation of the new pedometry system for use in behaviour research and lameness detection in dairy cattle. The 1st North American Conference on Precision Dairy Management, March 2-5, 2010, Toronto, ON, Canada. Honeyman, M., J. Harmon, A. Johnson, D. Maxwell and D. Busby. 2009. Beef cattle feeding in a bedded hoop barn: three year summary. Animal Industry Report. R2403. Howerton, C.L., J.A. Mench. 2010. Baubles and squabbles: enrichment for male mice. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Iacobucci, P., Colonnello, V., Newberry, R.C. 2010. Piglets call for mothers attention. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Jackson, C. J., A. K. Johnson, L. J. Sadler, K. J. Stalder, L. A. Karriker, R. E. Edler, J. T. Holck, and P. DuBois. 2009. Drinker to nursery pig ratio: preference for a drinker location within a pen and its effects on aggression. Animal Industry Report. R2467. Jackson, C. L. A. Karriker, K. J. Stalder and A. K. Johnson. 2009. New study sheds light on pig water consumption. Insight. A publication of Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Inc., July 2009 P 2. Johnson, A. K. 2009. Are your pigs road worthy? Pork Magazine May edition. p 14-16. Johnson, A. K. 2009. Major in Animal Physiology with a specialization in Ethology. Animal Industry Report. R2475. Johnson, A. K. 2009. Taking emotion out of animal welfare debate. Iowa Farm Bureau Spokesman. 4A March 11th 2009. Editor Tom Block. Johnson, A. K., and L. Kilmer. 2010. AnS 495 and 496A: European Perspectives on Farm Animal Welfare in England and Scotland. Animal Industry Report. R2576. Johnson, A. K., L. A. Karriker, and K. J. Stalder. 2009. How are behavioral measures being used to assess swine well-being during research and commercial practice? The 50th Annual George A. Young Swine health and management conference. Thursday 13th August 2009. Pp 34-47. Johnson, A. K., L. J. Sadler, J. R. Garvey, T. J. Uhlenkamp, M. Faga, C. Feuerbach, H. Hill, R. Bailey, and M. J. Ritter. 2009. Effects of facility design on the stress response of market weight pigs during loading and unloading. Animal Industry Report. R2469. Johnson, A. K., L. J. Sadler, K. J. Stalder, and W. Powers. 2009. Corn co-products; How do they affect the behavior of grow-finish swine? Animal Industry Report. R2464. Johnson, A. K., L. Sadler, L. Gesing, M. Faga, C. Feuerbach, H. Hill R. Bailey, and M. J. Ritter. 2009. Large pens, pre-sorting lessens stress, losses at the packing plant. Published National Hog Farmer: 2009 Swine Research Review. P 40. Johnson, A. K., T. Hoff, L. J. Sadler, and C. H. Stahl. 2009. Dietary inclusion of Colicin E1.: Effect on behavior over time. Animal Industry Report. R2465. Johnson, A. K., T. J Fangman, R. Edler, D. A. Baumert, and P. DuBois. 2010. Willingness to approach behavior and feed disappearance of weaned pigs following vaccination with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Animal Industry Report. R2547. Karriker, L. A., J. Bowden, and A. K. Johnson. 2009. A systematic review of the evidence for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine efficacy in reproductive disease. The 50th Annual George A. Young Swine health and management conference. Thursday 13th August 2009. Pp 1-4. Karriker, L. A., S. Millman, K. J. Stalder and A. K. Johnson. 2009. ISU opens house for sow lameness research. PigProgress.net 3rd June 2009. Kline, J., A. Johnson, R. Witte, L. Sadler, B. de Rodas, D. Brown, L. Layman, W. Holt, L. Karriker, and K. Stalder. 2009. The effect of supplementing dry feed with a nutritional gel additive at the time of vaccination on nursery pig behavior. Animal Industry Report. R2466. Leslie, K., Kielland, C., Millman, S., 2010. Is mastitis painful and is therapy for pain beneficial? Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the National Mastitis Council, January 31-February 3, 2010. Albuquerque, NM. Leslie, K., Kielland, C., Millman, S., Baillargeon, J., 2010. Douloureuse la mammite? Si les vaches pouvaient parler& Le Producteur de Lait Quebecois 30:24-27. Li, Y.Z., J. E. Anderson, and L. J. Johnston. 2010. Effect of parity on pre-weaning mortality and growth performance of piglets in a bedded, group-farrowing system. ASAS Midwest Meeting Abstract, p. 2. Mar 15-17, 2010. Longpre, K.M. and L.S. Katz. 2009. Females use testosterone regulated cues to assess potential mates. Soc. for Behavioral Neuroendocrinology, East Lansing, MI. Longpre, K.M. and L.S. Katz. 2010. Males cannot lie: Females use honest cues to assess fitness. Soc. for Integrative and Comparative Biology, Seattle, WA. Makagon, M., J.A. Mench. 2010. Who did it and why: floor laying by Pekin ducks. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. McMillan, K. Newberry, R.C., Verrell, P. 2010. Postural laterality in captive Chilean flamingos (Phoenicopterus chilensis). Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Meiszberg, A. M., A. K. Johnson, K. J. Stalder, and L. A. Karriker. 2010. To determine the active and inactive hours for sound sows before a chemically induced lameness. Animal Industry Report. R2550. Meiszberg, A. M., A. K. Johnson, L. I. Engblom, K. J. Stalder, L. L. Layman, and L. A. Karriker. 2009. Parity 2 sows at risk for hoof over growth. Published National Hog Farmer: 2009 Swine Research Review. P 33. Meiszberg, A. M., A. K. Johnson, L. I. Engblom, K. J. Stalder, L. L. Layman and L. A. Karriker. 2010. A Comparative Study of Hoof Growth in Sows When Housed in Individual Stalls: How Does Parity Affect This? Animal Industry Report. R2548. Meiszberg, A. M., A. K. Johnson, L. I. Engblom, K. J. Stalder, L. L. Layman and L. A. Karriker. 2010. A Comparative Study of Hoof Lesion Presence in Sows When Housed in Individual Stalls: How Does Parity Affect This? Animal Industry Report. R2548. Millman, S.T., 2009. Using animal behaviour in management of pain and convalescence. Proceedings: Care & Comfort for Production Animals Symposium, Cairns, Australia, July 4, 2009. Millman, S.T., 2010. Mechanical euthanasia methods  process and physiology. Proceedings of the 41st Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners, Omaha, NE, Mar. 6-9, 2010, p.443-446. Millman, S.T., 2010. Sickness behavior and the convalescent food animal. American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Anaheim, CA, June 12, 2010 Millman, S.T., 2010. Using behavior for clinical assessment of pain in bovines. American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Anaheim, CA, June 12, 2010 Mintline, E., A.M.B. de Passillé, J.P. Rushen, C.B. Tucker. 2010. Both pen size and shape affect locomotor play in dairy calves. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Mosher, R., L.N. Edwards, J. Coetzee, M. Epp, B. Buzzard and D. Blasi. 2010. Effect of surgical castration on performance, health and temperament of stocker calves. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Beef Cattle Welfare. Manhattan, KS. Nam-Mi Gross, A., Garner, J.P. & Würbel, H. (2009). "Effects of environmental enrichment on cage stereotypy and recurrent perseveration in mice". XXXI International Ethological Conference, Rennes, France. Nikkilä, M., K. Stalder, B. Mote, J. Lampe, B. Thom, M. Rothschild, A. Johnson, L. Karriker and T. Serenius. 2010. Associations of gilt body composition, growth and structural soundness traits with sow lifetime reproductive performance. Animal Industry Report. R2541. Nikkilä, M., K. Stalder, T. Serenius, B. Mote, M. Rothschild, A. Johnson and L. Karriker. 2009. Trait interactions offer clues to sow lifetime performance. National Hog Farmer; January 15th 2009 pp 36  39. Pajor E. A. and A. K. Johnson 2009. How to evaluate animal comfortable? Available at http://www.porkgateway.com/web/ag/search?p_p_id=EXT_26&p_p_action=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&p_p_col_id=column-2&p_p_col_pos=0&p_p_col_count=1&_EXT_26_struts_action=%2Fext%2Fpigsearch%2Fview&_EXT_26_folderId=8&_EXT_26_name=animal+comfort.pdf&_EXT_26_CMD=PIG+How-To%27s&_EXT_26_domainId=151&_EXT_26_REFERENCE=incrementViewedCount Accessed 6 January 2010 Pempek, J., Botheras, N., 2009. Effect of rubber flooring in a freestall dairy barn on cow behavior and milk production. Journal of Dairy Science 92 (E-Suppl. 1): 7. Joint Annual Meeting of ADSA-CSAS-ASAS, July 12-16, 2009, Montreal, Canada. Pioli, E.Y., Gaskill, B.N., Dix, S., Bannerman, D. & Garner, J.P. (2009). "Validation of an automated T-maze. Comparison of the automated procedure with the standard rewarded alternation task in mice with hippocampal lesions." Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience. Powers W, Siegford J. 2009. Alternative animal production systems and environmental considerations. Midwest Poultry Fed 2009 Proc. Richter, H., Garner, J.P. & Würbel, H. (2009). "Environmental heterogenization improves reproducibility of behavioral test results". XXXI International Ethological Conference, Rennes, France. Ritter, M. J., and A. K. Johnson. 2010. Hog Handling Report Issue 13; June 2010. Effects of facility design on transport losses at the packing plant. Elanco Animal Health. Ritter, M. J., M. Ellis and A. K. Johnson. 2009. Management strategies to reduce transport losses in market weight pigs. Submitted to PIG 2009. Robles, S.S., M.M. Makagon, J.A. Mench. 2010. Seeing through the fog: using social network drawing programs to visualize complex group structures. Proc. 10th ISAE North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, May 26-27, 2010, Washington State University, Pullman, WA. Sadler, L. J. A. K. Johnson, S. M. Lonergan, J. C. M. Dekkers, and D. Nettleton. 2010. The effect of selection for residual feed intake on general behavioral activity in Yorkshire gilts. Animal Industry Report. R2553. Sadler, L. J. A. K. Johnson, S. M. Lonergan, J. C. M. Dekkers, and D. Nettleton. 2010. The effect of selection for residual feed intake on lesion scores in Yorkshire gilts. Animal Industry Report. R2552. Sadler, L. J., A. K. Johnson, K. J. Stalder, and J. C. M. Dekkers. 2009. What is the behavioral budget for grow-finish pigs when feed using a Feed Intake Recording Equipment (F.I.R.E.) Feeder? Animal Industry Report. R2468. Sadler, L. J., A. K. Johnson, S. M. Lonergan, D. Nettleton, and J. C. M. Dekkers. 2009. Gilt screening offers clues o greater feed efficiency. Published National Hog Farmer: 2009 Swine Research Review. P 14. Sanderson, MS., Daigle, CL., Stark-Posta, B, Siegford, J. 2009. Assessing immediate and long-term effects of environmental enrichment: implications for welfare of African clawless otters (Aonyx capensis). 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