Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Objective 1: A low sodium medium was found to be a viable alternative to synthetic caudal epididymal fluid medium for maintaining sperm viability during storage. Grazing bulls on endophyte infected fescue was shown to reduce sperm motility and morphology, especially during elevated ambient temperatures. Reduced oocyte fertilizability due to reduced sperm receptors, support the use of these receptors as biomarkers of oocyte quality, and support the hypothesis that a short term elevated ambient temperature during oocyte maturation reduces oocyte quality. We have been studying various ways of making in vitro-produced embryos more like in vivo embryos, particularly with respect to lipid content. Forskolin-treated embryos had much less lipid than controls. Caffeine and epinephrine were not effective at doses used. We attempted to apply IVP procedures in a practical way by ET to lactating dairy cows. Success rates were considerably lower than with AI using commercially available oocytes and semen. Sexed semen worked reasonably well with AI. A fairly efficacious method of freezing small equine embryos was developed that appeared superior to a standard vitrification procedure, which performed more poorly in this experiment than in previous experiments for unknown reasons. Investigated strategies to improve oocyte freezing survival. Utilizing a novel embryonic stem cell differentiation culture system, BMP and KIT ligand signaling were demonstrated to have a significant effect on the derivation of germ cells from ESCs. This provided further insight into important signaling events in germ cell development and highlights the potential use of this system to study developmental problems hindering livestock production. The development of miniaturization technologies toward microfluidics and small mechanical systems, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), has created means for dynamic culture on a volumetric scale reportedly more consistent with the needs of the embryo. The presence of SPP1 mRNA in oocytes and cumulus cells and the larger mRNA abundance before maturation may suggest a role of this protein prior maturation of oocytes. Additional studies will be required to determine the specific role of SPP1 in oocyte maturation in the pig. Fusion using 2 pulses, 0.9 Kv/cm or 1.2 Kv/cm, for 30µs was more efficient for embryonic structure reconstruction in the hand-made cloning technique, when comparated to 0.6 Kv/cm for 30µs. Ammonium has deleterious effects on both nuclear and cytoplasmic oocyte maturation in vitro. Gene expression is altered in oocytes matured in vitro compared to those in vivo. Dysregulation of gene expression in the oocyte resulting in altered DNA methylation and an up regulation in cell death pathways are potential developmental mechanisms influenced by in vitro culture conditions that correlate to reduced embryonic developmental potential. Aberrant metabolism, incorrect mRNA post-transcriptional processing and increased apoptosis are some of the mechanisms contributing to reduced developmental potential in gilt oocytes. Leptin and glucose may interact to regulate oocyte nuclear maturation in obese and/or diabetic individuals. Ossabaw swine with MetS develop reproductive parameters reminiscent of PCOS, and thus may represent a complete animal model of the disease. Abnormal fetal and placental development and differential expression of imprinted genes in the ovary and brain of aged mice suggests that epigenetic regulation of oocyte and fetal development is impaired with advanced maternal age. Methods have been established which allow propagation of the TE model CT1-cells to be grown in a feeder-free system. This allows cleaner determination of gene expression without issues of feeder cell contamination. CT-1 cell line expresses TE lineage associated transcription factors: Cdx2, Ets2, Err², Id2, Sox15, Elf5, Hand1 and Gata6, along with the pluripotency-associated transcription factor, Oct4 (POU5F1). Provided functional genomics blue prints (transcripts) of bovine spermatozoa. Determined comparative functional genomics of chromatin remodeling proteins HMGN3A and SMARCAL1 during early mammalian embryogenesis. Established an in vitro follicle culture system to identify the effect of excess insulin and IGF exposure on oocyte gene expression. Chronic in vitro exposure of follicles to insulin changed the expression of NIMA-related kinase 2 (Nek2), Nek4 and TACC1. Similarly, insulin treatment of granulosal cell primary cultures induced alterations in Nek2, Nek4 and TCAA1 mRNA abundance. Determined the expression profile of Nek2, Nek4 and TCAA1 during the follicular and luteal phases of the estrous cycle in superovulated mice. Interestingly, Nek2 and Nek4 mRNA and protein expression seemed to be uncoupled with mRNA abundance peaking during the follicular phase and protein abundance peaking during the luteal phase. We have determined an important role for GnRH during embryogenesis, having a receptor-mediated effect on 1-cell embryos that occurs within the first 36 hours of embryo development. A specific antagonist of GnRH completely blocked embryonic development and acted via alteration of the cell cycle rather than apoptotic pathways. We have accomplished the following: (i) established biotin effects on oocyte maturation in mice; (ii) identified genes that are up- or down-regulated in oocytes from biotin-deficient compared to biotin-normal mice; and (iii) examined intracellular signaling cascades and molecular mechanisms underlying biotin effects on oogenesis and subsequent development. Identified that bovine Air ncRNA is expressed in cattle. Found expression of bovine Air ncRNA in fetal tissue at the post-implantation and peri-implantation stages but not in preimplantation stages of development. Found production of bovine embryos in vitro using a serum based system was associated with increased body weight, normal liver and kidney morphology, and increased concentrations of blood urea nitrogen of fetuses during late gestation. Examined the status of swine imprinted genes in a range of tissues. Updated an annotation that is freely available that increases the usefulness of the porcine Affymetrix microarrays. Identified potential candidate mRNAs associated with FSH-induced initiation of GVBD in murine and bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes matured in vitro. Used short interfering RNA approaches to assess the functional roles of Nr4A1 and Egr1 mRNAs during FSH-induced oocyte maturation in cattle. Identified conditions used for maturation of cumulus-oocyte complexes that influence the developmental competence of immature oocytes selected based on brilliant cresyl blue staining. Research in cell migration events occurring in the early embryo may provide valuable insights into mechanisms that predispose the embryo to pregnancy loss due to abnormal development and/or implantation failure. Increasing the proportion of female offspring (embryos or calves) by manipulating semen (via incubation, etc.) or the female (frequent ultrasound, or hormonally) will be beneficial to the beef or dairy producer without the added cost and potential negative effects (reduced pregnancy rates, bis-benzimidazole dye, etc.) of sexed semen protocols. Better understanding of the ovarian and hormonal dynamics in cattle that become pregnant (or not) following artificial insemination will provide a platform to manipulate Interferon tau profiles (via a trophoblastic vesicle) in order to enhance pregnancy rates following embryo transfer (especially with viability-compromised embryos). Recombinant FSH produced from non-mammalian expression systems will provide a safer, less expensive, and perhaps more effective method of producing embryos from hyperstimulated cattle. Currently the superovulation and embryo transfer industry is dependent upon FSH products purified from mammalian pituitaries and are of non-domestic origin. Oocytes microinjected with FAK siRNA had significantly lower cleavage rates compared to control oocytes. Oocytes pre-incubated with the function blocking antibodies for the ±V and ²1 subunits had significantly lower cleavage rates (p <.05) compared to all other treatment groups. We have identified and characterized a new member of the importin ± gene family and demonstrated its potential role in transporting oocyte-specific nuclear proteins and its requirement during early embryogenesis. Objective 2: The understanding of the mechanism of gene expression differences in cloned vs control animals has the potential to improve the survival of cloned animals and therefore increase cloning efficiency. Improving the efficiency of embryonic stem cell derivation has major implication in the generation of bovine embryonic stem cells which are still not available due to culture condition inadequacy. Studied genetic imprinting in naturally reproducted pigs and compared gene expression and DNA methylation in cloned and control pigs. Additionally we improved the efficiency of stem cell generation. The accomplishments of these studies are the development of a novel differentiation culture system that is capable of producing large numbers of germ-like cells that undergo advanced stages of development from embryonic stem cells. These cells represent an important germ cell source for the production of transgenic animals, leading to the improvement of livestock production. Preliminary results indicate absence of the transgene in control animals after co-habitation and post-mating with transgenic animals. This work provides a critical first step toward providing rigorous scientific data for risk assessment of transgenic livestock. Adipose-derived stem cells demonstrated a clear osteogenic differentiation and similar expression and pattern of the two osteogenic genes most abundant in MSCs (COL1A1 and SPARC). However, the higher abundance of SPP1 and BGLAP and the different behavior of SPP1 in MSCs suggest a different transcription profile between the two cell types. Using a 13K porcine DNA microarray, ADSCs and MSCs had a very similar transcriptome before differentiation. Adipogenic differentiation exhibited a larger number of genes affected by time compared to osteogenic differentiation. Microarray analysis uncovered several genes that were unique for each of the two types of differentiation. Interestingly, adipogenic differentiation was distinguished by genes involved in triacylglycerol transport and storage but not de novo synthesis. The use of multi-factorial directed differentiation using high-speed robotic systems will enable the examination of large matrices of culture and differentiation conditions for stem cells. Furthermore, this approach enables analysis of gene expression and other cell characteristics related to differentiation and cell function from cells cultured under essentially unlimited conditions. Using the automated microscale system in large factorial experiments allows analysis of the basic mechanisms underlying stem cell development in vitro, and ultimately in vivo. The two components of lactose synthase, ±-lactalbumin (±-LA) and ²1,4-galactosyltransferase (B4GALT), are each correlated to protein concentration and individually correlated to the concentration of other milk components and stage of lactation. Polymorphism in the CYP7 gene locus affected cerebrum weight and behavior and dietary cholesterol (C) tended to increase cerebrum C concentration in neonatal pigs. These findings in neonatal pigs have considerable potential importance in human infant nutrition and behavioral development. Our lab has shown that, while selective ablation of differentiating cells in ICM explant culture is not sufficient for short-term pluripotent cell survival, supplementation with Noggin prolongs proliferation of undifferentiated cells. The cytokine Noggin can upregulate Nanog expression sufficiently to permit further studies that will help identify more optimal conditions. Identified genes whose products might be playing a role in epigenetic control of molecular reprogramming of gene expression in cloned bovine embryos. Developed a successful procedure for cryopreservation of porcine embryos using a microdroplet procedure. In addition, we have established divergent survival rates for cryopreserved embryos from Chinese Meishan and white crossbred lines of swine. This difference in survival rate occurs within the first 24 hours following thawing. Generated Yucatan SCNT clones Isolated neural stem cells, amniotic fluid stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and have preliminary evidence of isolation of porcine induced pluripotent cell (iPS) Utilized AFS to generate transgenic swine by SCNT Methylation patterns of the scNT blastocysts show more similarity to the fibroblast donor cell line used for scNT as compared to the IVF blastocysts.

1. Refereed articles/book chapters Anupriwan, A. et al. 2008. Presence of arylsulfatase a and sulfogalactosylglycerolipid in mouse ovaries: Localization to the corpus luteum. Endocrinology 149: 3942-3951. At-Taras, E. E., I. C. Kim, T. Berger, A. Conley, and J. F. Roser. 2008. Reducing endogenous estrogen during development alters hormone production by porcine leydig cells and seminiferous tubules. Domest Anim Endocrinol 34: 100-108. Bass, B.E., R.A. Cederberg, G.A. Mills, and B.R. White. 2008. Responsiveness of GnRH receptor and gonadotropin subunit genes to GnRH in lines of swine divergent for ovulation rate. Biol. Reprod. (Submitted). Berger, T. et al. 2008. Reducing endogenous estrogens during the neonatal and juvenile periods affects reproductive tract development and sperm production in postpuberal boars. Anim Reprod Sci 109: 218-235. Berger, T., and B. Roberts. 2008. Reduced immunolabelling of a porcine oocyte membrane protein reflects reduced fertilizability of porcine oocytes following elevated ambient temperature. Reprod Domest Anim. Bischoff SR, Tsai, S, Hardison NE, York AM, Freking BA, Nonneman D, Rohrer G, Piedrahita JA. 2008. Identification of SNPs and INDELS in swine using short oligonucleotide microarrays. BMC Genomics 9:252- 263. PMC2442091. Bleck, G.T., Wheeler, M.B., Hansen, L.B., Chester-Jones, H., Miller, D.J. 2008. Lactose Synthase Components in Milk: Concentrations of Alpha-Lactalbumin and ²1,4-Galactosyltransferase in Milk of Cows from Several Breeds at Various Stages of Lactation. Reprod. Dom. Anim. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2007.01047.xISSN 0936-6768. Campos-Chillon, L.F., T.K. Suh, M. Barcelo-Fimbres, G.E. Seidel, Jr. and E.M. Carnevale. 2008. Vitrification of early-stage bovine and equine embryos. Theriogenology 70:In Press. Cederberg, R.A., E.A. McDonald, C. Lee, R.A. Friedrich, A.R. Cropp, and B.R. White. 2008. Activity of the porcine GnRH receptor gene in aT3-1 cells is partially conferred by a distal swine upstream promoter enhancing region (SUPER) and two proximal steroidogenic factor-1 binding sites. Endocrinology (Submitted). Chang CC, Sung LY, Kort HI, X Yang, XC Tian, ZP Nagy. The oocyte spindle is preserved by 1, 2-propanediol during slow-freezing. Fert Sertil. 2009 (in press). Chapman, P.L. and G.E. Seidel, Jr. 2008. Experimental design, power, and sample size for animal reproduction experiments. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 20:33-44. Cherrington, B.D., T.A. Farmerie, B.E. Bass, R.A. Cederberg, C.M. Clay, and B.R. White. 2008. Emergence of a new regulatory element in the proximal promoter of the gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor in Chinese Meishan swine. Biol. Reprod. (Accepted). Curry, E., S. Pratt, D. Kelley, D. Lapin, J. Gibbons. 2008. Use of combined duplex PCR/dot blot assay for more sensitive genetic characterization. Biochem. Insights 2008:I:43-47. Dinnyes A, XC Tian, X Yang. 2008. Epigenetic regulation of fetal development in nuclear transfer animal models (presented in the 16th International Congress on Animal Reproduction, and a special issue of the Reproduction in Domestic Animals) Reprod Dom Anim 43: Suppl 2: 302-309. Du F, Xu J, Zhang JF, Gao SR, Carter MG, He CL, Sung, LY, Chaubal S, Fissore R, Tian XC, Yang, X, Chen YE. 2009. Beneficial effects of young oocytes in rabbit somatic cell nuclear transfer. Cloning and Stem Cells (in press). Estrada JL, Collins B, York A, Bischoff SR, Sommer J, Tsai S, Petters RM, Piedrahita JA. 2008. Successful cloning of the Yucatan minipig using commercial/occidental breeds as oocyte donors and embryo recipients. Cloning and Stem Cells 10:287-296. Everts RE, Chavatte-Palmer P, Razzak A, Hue I, Green CA, Oliveira R, Vignon X, Rodriguez-Zas SL, Tian XC, Yang X, Renard JP, Lewin HA. 2008. Aberrant gene expression patterns in placentomes are associated with phenotypically normal and abnormal cattle cloned by somatic cell nuclear transfer. Physiol Genomics 33:65-77. Feugang JM, Camargo-Rodriguez OD and Memili E. Culture Systems for Bovine Embryos. (2008) In press. Livestock Science. Feugang JM, Kaya A, Page GP, Chen L, Mehta T, Hirani K, Nazareth L, Gibbs RA and Memili E. Two stage genome wide association study identifies Integrin beta five as having a potential role in bull fertility. (2008) In press. BMC Genomics. Flores, R., M.L. Looper, R.W. Rorie, D.M. Hallford and C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2008. Endocrine factors and ovarian follicles are influenced by body condition and somatotropin in postpartum beef cows. . J. Anim. Sci. 86:1335-1344. Garner, D.L. and G.E. Seidel, Jr. 2008. History of commercializing sexed semen for cattle. Theriogenology 69:886-895. He, S., Pant, D., Schiffmacher, A., Meece, A.,Keefer, C.L. (2008). Lef1 mediated Wnt signaling promotes the initiation of trophoblast lineage differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells Stem Cells 26:842-849. Horvath, G. and G.E. Seidel, Jr. 2008. Use of fetuin before and during vitrification of bovine oocytes. Reprod. Dom. Anim. 43:333-338. Hyland, A., J.C. Whittier, G.E. Seidel, Jr., R.M. Enns and R.K. Peel. 2008. Variations in interval between GnRH and prostaglandin F2alpha injections and CIDR insertion for 5 or 7 days on pregnancy rates and follicular response. Proc. West. Sect. Am. Soc. Anim. 59:1-4. Jiang L, Lai L, Samuel M, Prather RS, Yang X, Tian XC. 2008. Expression of X-linked Genes in Deceased Neonates and Surviving Cloned Female Piglets. Mol Reprod Dev 75:265-73. Keefer, C.L. (2008) Lessons learned from nuclear transfer (cloning). Theriogenology 69:48-54. Kim C, Amano T, Park J, Carter MG, Tian X, Yang X. Improvement of Embryonic Stem Cell Line Derivation Efficiency with Novel Medium, Glucose Concentration, and Epigenetic Modifications 2009. Cloning and Stem Cells (in press). Lee E, Estrada JL, Piedrahita JA. 2008. A comparative study on the efficiency of two enucleation methods in pig somatic cell nuclear transfer: effects of the squeezing and the aspiration methods. Animal Biotechnology 19:71-79. Li C, Bin YF, Tian XC, Curchoe C, Yang L, Feng DY, Jiang QY, ONeill M, Zhang SQ. 2008. Genetic imprinting of H19 and IGF2 in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa). Animal Biotechnology;19:22-7. Li GP, Yang S, Liu Y, Sessions BR, White KL, Bunch TD. 2008. Nicotine combined with okadaic acid or taxol adversely affects bovine oocyte maturation and subsequent embryo development. Fertil Steril. Sep 13. [Epub ahead of print] Liu Y, Li GP, Rickords LF, White KL, Sessions BR, Aston KI, Bunch TD. 2008. Effect of nicotine on in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes. Anim Reprod Sci. 103:13-24. Liu Y, Li GP, Sessions BR, Rickords LF, White KL, Bunch TD. 2008. Nicotine induces multinuclear formation and causes aberrant embryonic development in bovine. Mol Reprod Dev. 75:801-9. Liu Y, Li GP, White KL, Rickords LF, Sessions BR, Aston KI, Bunch TD. 2007. Nicotine alters bovine oocyte meiosis and affects subsequent embryonic development. Mol Reprod Dev. 74:1473-82. Looper, M.L., R.W. Rorie, C.N. Person, T.D. Lester, D.M. Hallford, G.E. Aiken and C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2008. Influence of toxic endophyte-infected fescue on sperm characteristics and endocrine factors of yearling Brahman-influenced bulls. J. Anim. Sci. (in press). Lopez-Garcia, M. d. C.; Monson, R. L.; Haubert, K.; Wheeler M. B.; Beebe, D. J. (2008). Sperm Motion in a Microfluidic Fertilization Device. Biomedical Microdevices 10.1007/s10544-008-9182-7 Lopez-Garcia, M. d. C.; Monson, R. L.; Haubert, K.; Wheeler M. B.; Beebe, D. J. (2008). Sperm Motion in a Microfluidic Fertilization Device. Biomed Microdevices 10:709718. Mahmoud, K.G.M., T.H. Scholkamy, Y.F. Ahmed, G.E. Seidel, Jr. and M.F. Nawito. 2008. Effect of different combinations of cryoprotectants on in vitro maturation of immature buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) oocytes vitrified by straw and open-pulled straw methods. Reprod. Dom. Anim. In Press. Mazur, P., S.P. Leibo and G.E. Seidel, Jr. 2008. Cryopreservation of the germplasm of animals used in biological and medical research: Importance, impact, status, and future directions. Biol. Reprod. 72:2-12. McDonald, E.A., J.E. Smith, R.A. Cederberg, and B.R. White. 2008. Divergent activity of the porcine GnRH receptor gene promoter in aT3-1 cells is partially conferred by nuclear factor (NF)-kB, specificity protein (Sp)1-like, and GATA4 elements. Endocrinology (Submitted). Miles, J.R., Blomberg, L.A., Krisher, R.L., Everts, R.E., Sonstegard, T.S., Van Tassell, C.P., Zuelke, K.A. (2008) Small amplified RNA-serial analysis of gene expression (SAR-SAGE) from porcine blastocysts produced in vivo or in vitro. Molecular Reproduction and Development. 75:976-988. DOI: 10.1002/mrd.20844. Montagner, M.M, A.R. Cropp, J.J. Swanson, R.A. Cederberg, P.B.D. Goncalves, and B.R. White. 2008. Role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on mouse preimplantation embryonic development. Mol. Reprod. Dev. (Submitted). Montagner, M.M, P.B.D. Goncalves, G.A. Mills, R.K. Christenson, and B.R. White. 2007. Divergent survival of Meishan and white crossbred porcine embryos following vitrification using a microdroplet method. Reprod. Fert. Dev. (Submitted). Niemann H, Tian XC, King WA, Lee R. 2008. Epigenetic reprogramming in bovine embryonic and foetal development upon somatic cell nuclear transfer cloning. Reproduction (in press). Pate BJ, White KL, Chen D, Aston KI, Sessions BR, Bunch TD, Weimer BC. 2008. A novel approach to identify bovine sperm membrane proteins that interact with receptors on the vitelline membrane of bovine oocytes. Mol Reprod Dev. 75:641-9. Peddinti D, Nanduri B, Kaya A, Feugang JM, Burgess SC and Memili E. Comprehensive proteomic analysis of bovine spermatozoa of varying fertility rates and identification of biomarkers associated with fertility. (2008) BMC Systems Biology 2:19. Doi:10.1186/1752-0509-2-19. Pond, W.G., Mersmann, H.J., Su, D., McGlone, J.J., Wheeler, M.B., OBrian Smith, E. (2008). Neonatal Dietary Cholesterol and Alleles of Cholesterol 7-a Hydroxylase, Affect Piglet Cerebrum Weight, Cholesterol Concentration, and Behavior. J. Nutr. 138:282-286. Rodriguez-Osorio N, Wang Z, Kasinathan P, Page GP, Robl JM and Memili E. Transcriptional reprogramming of gene expression in bovine somatic cell chromatin transfer embryos. (2008). In press. BMC Genomics. Rodriguez-Osorio N, Wang Z, Kasinathan P, Page GP, Robl JM, and Memili E. Transcriptional Reprogramming of Gene Expression in Bovine Somatic Cell Chromatin Transfer Embryos. (2008) In press. BMC Genomics. Schenk, J.L., D.G. Cran and G.E. Seidel, Jr. 2008. Pregnancy rates in heifers and cows with cryopreserved sexed sperm: effects of sperm numbers per inseminate, sorting pressure and sperm storage before sorting. Theriogenology. In Press. Seidel, G.E., Jr. 2008. ASAS Centennial Paper: Future research in physiology and endocrinology. J. Anim. Sci. In Press. Seidel, G.E., Jr. and J.L. Schenk. 2008. Pregnancy rates in cattle with cryopreserved sexed sperm: Effects of sperm numbers per inseminate and site of sperm deposition. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 105:129-138. Silva, C.,* J.R. Wood*, L. Salvador, I. Kostetskii, C.J. Williams, and J.F. Strauss III 2009. Expression profile of male germ cell-associated genes in mouse embryonic stem cell cultures treated with all-trans retinoic acid and testosterone. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 76:11-21. *authors contributed equally to the manuscript Smith SL, Everts RE, Sung LY, Du F, Page RL, Henderson B, Rodriguez-Zas SL, Nedambale TL, Renard JP, Lewin HA, Yang X, Tian XC. 2008. Gene expression profiling of single bovine embryos uncovers significant effects of in vitro maturation, fertilization and culture. Mol Reprod Dev. 2008 Apr 30 [Epub ahead of print] Stevenson, J.S., Tenhouse, D.E., Krisher, R.L., Lamb, G.C., Larson, J.E., Dahlen, C.R., Pursley, J.R., Bello, N.M., Fricke, P.M., Wiltbank, M.C., Brusveen, D.J., Burkhart, M., Youngquist, R.S., Garverick, H.A. (2008) Detection of Anovulation by Heatmount Detectors and Transrectal Ultrasonography before Treatment with Progesterone in a Timed Insemination Protocol. Journal of Dairy Science. 91:2901-2915. Uzun A, Rodriguez-Osorio N, Wang H, Kaya A, Parrish JJ, Ilyin V and Memili E. Comparative Functional Genomics of Chromatin Remodeling Proteins HMGN3a and SMARCAL1 During Early Mammalian Embryogenesis. (2008) In press. BMC Genomics. Wang H, Feugang JM, Rodriguez-Osorio N, Jung S, Garrison K, Wolgemuth C, Greer L, Memili E. Biology of Preimplantation Porcine Embryos in vitro. (2008) In press. Livestock Science. West, F. D., D. W. Machacek, N. L. Boyd, K. Pandiyan, K. R. Robbins, S. L. Stice. 2008. Enrichment and Differentiation of Human Germ-Like Cells Mediated by Feeder Cells and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling. Stem Cells. 11: 2768-76. West, F. D., M. I. Roche-Rios, S. Abraham, R. R. Rao, M. S. Natrajan, and S. L. Stice. Bone Morphogenetic Protein and KIT Ligand Signaling Enhances Human Embryonic Stem Cell to Germ-Like Cell Differentiation. Submitted (11/21/08). Wheeler, M.B. Lima, A.S., VanEtten, T., Mello, M.R.B., (2008). Transgenic Animals for Biomedicine and Agriculture. In, Bovine Theriogenology, de la Sota, R.L. and Bo, G.A., Eds. 36 pgs. (in press). Wheeler, M.B., Mello, M.R.B., Lima, A.S., VanEtten, T. 2008. Modification of the Domestic Animal Genome. In, Bovine Theriogenology, de la Sota, R.L. and Bo, G.A., Eds., 45 pgs. (in press). Yang X, Guo XM, Wang CY, and Tian XC. 2009. Protocols for Large-Scale Derivation of Cardiomyocytes from Embryonic Stem Cells Chapter 22. In: Essentials of Stem cells. Elsevier, Lanza R (ed). (in press). Zaunbrecher G, Mir B, Dunne PW, Breen M, Piedrahita JA. 2008. Enhancement of extra chromosomal recombination in somatic cells by affecting the ratio of homologous recombination (HR) to non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Animal Biotechnology 19:6-21. Zhang, Z., R. Jaimez, X. Shen, D. Gude, H. Tang, J.R. Wood, E. Goldberg, and J.F. Strauss III. 2008. Autoregulation of SPAG16 expression: A single gene encoding an axoneme structural protein and a transcription factor that activates the axoneme protein promoter. Nucleic Acids Res. (Submitted). 2. Books, non-refereed book chapters, proceedings, instructional media, theses/dissertations Barfield, J.P., P.M. McCue, G.E. Seidel, Jr. and E.L. Squires. 2008. The effect of dehydrating large equine embryos with galactose prior to cryopreservation. Proc. 77th Int. Symp. Equine Embryo Transfer, pp. 65-66. Bormann, C. L., M. B. Wheeler, D. J. Beebe, S. Takayama, and G. D. Smith. 2008. Microfluidics for Assisted Reproductive Technologies. In, Micro- and Nanoengineering of the Cell Microenvironment: Technologies and Applications", eds. A. Khademhosseini, J. Borenstein, S. Takayama, M. Toner. Chapter 11, pages 209-225, Artech House Publishing Inc. Delgado Callisaya, P.A. 2008. Factors influencing survival of bovine spermatozoa during storage and related to the ratio of X- to Y-chromosome bearing spermatozoa. M.S. Thesis, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Denniston, R. S., S. Michelet, K.R. Bondioli and R. A. Godke. Principles of Embryo Cryopreservation. 2008. In: Cryopreservation in Aquatic Species. Tiersch, T. R. and P. M. Mazik, Editors. World Aquaculture Society, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. (In press). Farmer, WTQ. Detection of antisense to IGF2R (AIR) RNA in cattle. MS Thesis, North Carolina State University. 2008. Godke, R.A., G. Gentry Jr. and K. R. Bondioli. 2008. Advances in cattle reproductive technologies. Proc. WBC (May 18-23) Ft Worth, Texas. ABBA. CD Series 16 pages. Hongfeng Wang. Porcine embryogenesis and effects of mycotoxins on early pig development. Ph.D. Thesis. Howland, EM. 2008. Evaluation of a polymorphism in the prolactin gene as a potential genetic marker for mastitis susceptibility. Undergraduate Honors Thesis, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Hudson, M.R. In vitro capacitation of stallion spermatozoa as assayed by fertilization of bovine oocytes. M.S. Thesis, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO. Kuchenbrod, LM. Effect of serum and hormone supplementation on competence of bovine oocytes selected by brilliant cresyl blue staining. MS Thesis, North Carolina State University. 2008. Looney, C.R., J. H. Pryor, C.B. Ballard, C.B. Ponchirolli-Schneider, D. W. Forrest and R.A. Godke. 2008. Intracellular lipids within bovine embryos have an effect on cryotolerance and overall embryo viability post-thaw. Proc. SBTE Meetings (Brazil) (August 21-24th). 36 (Suppl. 2):319-348. Nelida Rodriguez-Osorio. Molecular reprogramming in bovine embryos after serial somatic cell chromatin transfer. Ph.D. Thesis Purcell, S.C. 2008. Characterization of periattachment factor. Ph.D. Dissertation, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO. Seidel, G.E., Jr. 2008. Artificial insemination of cattle with sexed semen  Dealing with low numbers of slightly compromised sperm. Proc. Brazilian Embryo Transfer Society. In Press. Seidel, G.E., Jr. 2008. Current status of sexing sperm. Proc. Italian Embryo Transfer Society, pp. 1-8. Seidel, G.E., Jr. 2008. History of commercializing sexed semen for cattle. Proc. Italian Embryo Transfer Society, pp. 1-17. Seidel, G.E., Jr. 2008. Pregnancy rates with embryos vitrified in 0.25-mL straws. Proc. Italian Embryo Transfer Society, pp. 1-9. Seidel, G.E., Jr., ed. 2008. Animal Models of Reproduction. Theriogenology 69:1-67. Smith, J.E. 2008. Anaysis of GnRH receptor gene expression in lines of swine with divergent ovulation rates. MS Thesis. University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE. Wall, R.J., G. Labile, E. Maga, G.E. Seidel, Jr. and B. Whitelaw. 2008. Animal productivity and genetic diversity of transgenic and cloned animals. Issue paper #XX, Council for Agricultural Service and Technology, Ames, IA, 41 pp. Williams, K., K. Thibodeaux and R. A. Godke. 2008. Developing gamete and embryo freezing technologies using animal models. ESHRE Fertility World 8:21-23. Youngs, C.R. and R.A. Godke. Biotechnology: Cattle Embryo Transfer Technology. 2008. In: D.R. Heldman, A. Bridges, D. Hoover, and M.B. Wheeler, Eds. Encyclopedia of Biotechnology in Agriculture and Food. Marcel Dekker, New York, NY (In press). 3. Abstracts Alapati, R., M. Stout, R. Godke and R. Devireddy. 2008. Comparative freezing response of ejaculated and epididymal bovine spermatozoa. Proc. Bioengineering Conf. (June 25-29, 2008) Marco Island, Florida. ASME. pp.1-2. Amorim, L.S., D.J. Walker and G.E. Seidel, Jr. 2008. Development of in vitro-produced bovine embryos cultured in sequential or continuous media. Reprod. Fertil. Develop. 20:141. Anthony, R.V. and G.E. Seidel, Jr. 2008. Characteristics of peri-attachment factor. Proc. NRI Animal Reproduction Annual Investigator Meeting, pp. 89-91. Ballard, C., C.R. Looney, B.R. Lindsey, J.H. Pryor, J.W. Lynn, K.R. Bondioli and R.A. Godke. 2008. Comparing oocyte lipid content with circulating cholesterol and triglyceride levels of Bos taurus and Bos indicus donor cows. Reprod. Fertil. Develop. 20:177. Barcelo-Fimbres, M. and G.E. Seidel, Jr. 2008. Effects of embryo sex and glucose or fructose in culture media on bovine embryo development. Reprod. Fertil. Develop. 20:141-142. Bradecamp, BE., A Snyder, A Rocha, SK Lyle, J Len, BE Eilts, RA Godke, and DL Paccamonti. 2008. Can time of day of ovulation be influenced by hCG? Pferdeheilkunde 24:112. (Abstract) Chang CC, LY Sung, T Amano, M Amano, CJ Lin, ZP Nagy, J Xu, XC Tian, X Yang. 2008. Derivation of embryonic stem cells by nuclear transfer using cryopreserved eggs (accepted for presentation in the 41st annual meeting of the Society for the Study of Reproduction, Kailua-Kona, HI, May 27-30, 2008). Chaubal SA, Nedambale TL, Xu J, Shaffer C, Kilmer T, Shefle A, YangX, Tian XC, and Du F. 2008. Effect of Heparin Concentration on Bovine Preimplantational Development in vitro using Sex-sorted Sperm (presented in the 2008 IETS annual meeting, Denver, CO, Jan 5-9, 2008). Chiasson, M.K., K. R. Bondioli, R.A. Godke and G.T. Gentry. 2008. Laser-assisted zona pellucida hatching in frozen-thawed bovine embryos. Proc. Gulf Coast Conservation Biology Symposium (New Orleans, LA, October 2, 2008). 5:24. Curry, E., S. Pratt, D. Lapin, J. Gibbons. 2008. Efficacy of a commercially available post-thaw bovine semen sexing kit in both single-ovulating and hyperstimulated cows. Reprod Fertil Dev 20:210 (abst #260). Denniston, R. S., S. Michelet, K.R. Bondioli and R. A. Godke. Principles of Embryo Cryopreservation. 2008. In: Cryopreservation in Aquatic Species. Tiersch, T. R. and P. M. Mazik, Editors. World Aquaculture Society, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. (In press). Farin PW, Malarkey DE, Alexander JE, Farin CE. (2008). Liver and kidney function in bovine fetuses from embryos produced in vivo or in vitro. Reprod Fertil Dev 20:180 (abst #201). Farmer WT, Farin PW, Bischoff SR, Alexander JE, Piedrahita JA, Farin CE. (2008). Detection of antisense to Igr2r (AIR) in cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 20:81 (abst #2). Feltrin, C., Lima, A.S., Monaco, E.; Wilson, S.M., Kim, D., Rodrigues, J.L., Wheeler, M.B. (2008). Evaluation of Different Fusion Parameters in the Reconstruction of Swine Hand-Made Cloning Embryos. Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20:29. Flores, R., M.L. Looper, R.W. Rorie, C.R. Bailey, D.M. Hallford, S.T. Reiter and C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2008. Effects of bovine somatotropin and suckling on ovarian follicles, reproductive performance and concentrations of ghrelin, GH, and IGF-I in postpartum Brahman-influenced cows. J Anim Sci 86(E-Suppl. 3):19 (Abstr. 73). Gentry Jr., G.T., J. Saenz, W. Forbes, K. Whitehead, D. Sanders, B. Olcott J. Chenevert, K.R. Bondioli and R.A. Godke. 2008. Use of the CIDR-G device and fixed-timed artificial insemin-ation for White-tail deer. Reprod. Fertil. Develop. 20:160. Gentry Jr., G.T., J.A. Pitchford, M. Chiasson, L.R. Gentry, K.R. Bondioli and R.A. Godke. Effect of circulating leptin levels at synchronization on subsequent fixed-timed AI pregnancy rates in crossbred beef heifers. Reprod. Fertil. Develop. (In press). Giraldo, A.M., D.A. Hylan, C.B. Ballard, M.N. Purpera, T.G. Vaught, J.W. Lynn, R.A. Godke and K.R. Bondioli. 2008. Effect of epigenetic modifications of donor cells on subsequent chromatin remolding of cloned embryos. Biol. Reprod. 78:832-840. Giraldo, A.M., J.W. Lynn, M.N. Purpera, R.A. Godke and K.R. Bondioli. 2008. Inhibition of DNA Methyltransferase 1 expression in bovine fibroblast cells for nuclear transfer. Reprod. Fertil. Develop. 20:95. Giraldo. A., J.W. Lynn, M.N. Purpera, R.A. Godke and K.R. Bondioli. DNA methylation and histone acetylation patterns in cultured bovine fibroblasts for nuclear transfer. Molec. Roprod. Develop. (In press). Godke, R.A., G. Gentry Jr. and K. R. Bondioli. 2008. Advances in cattle reproductive technologies. Proc. WBC (May 18-23) Ft Worth, Texas. ABBA. CD Series 16 pages. Guerrero, C.A., G. Gentry, J. Saenz, K.R. Bondioli, and R.A. Godke. Birth of calves after artificial insemination with cryopreserved bovine caudal epididymal spermatozoa harvested from a postmortem bull. Reprod. Fertil. Develop. (In press). Guerrero, C.A., J. Smith, J.W. Lynn, K.R. Bondioli, and R.A. Godke. 2008. Birth of a calf after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with frozen-thawed epididymal sperm from a postmortem bull. Reprod. Fertil. Develop. 20:216. Hudson, M.R., G.E. Seidel, Jr., E.L. Squires, B.E. Spizziri, D.J. Walker and J.K. Graham. 2008. Capacitation of stallion spermatozoa evaluated by fertilization of bovine oocytes. Reprod. Fertil. Develop. 20:181-182. Johnson-Gauff, T., B. Olcott, J. Dzakuma, K.R. Bondioli and R.A. Godke. 2008. Selecting domestic goats by morphological parameters for nonsurgical embryo procedures. Proc. Gulf Coast Conservation Biology Symposium (New Orleans, LA, October 2, 2008). 5:12. Kim C, Park J, Amano T, Carter MG, Tian XC, Yang X. 2009. Improvement of Embyonic Stem Cell Derivation Efficiency with Novel Medium, Glucose Concentration and Epigenetic Modifications Using Alternative Starting Material, Preblastocysts (to be presented in the annual meeting of 2009 IETS, San Diego, CA). Kim C, T Amano, J Park, MG Carter, XC Tian, X Yang. 2008. Improvement of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Derivation Efficiency with Novel Medium, Glucose Concentration, and Epigenetic Modifications (accepted for presentation in the 41st annual meeting of the Society for the Study of Reproduction, Kailua-Kona, HI, May 27-30, 2008). Kim, D., Monaco, E., Lima, A., Hurley, W.L., Wheeler, M.B. (2008). High-Throughput Microfluidic Technologies for Stem Cell Research. Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20:284. Kish, S.L., J.A. Wilson, A.A. Picou, J.W. Lynn, R.A. Godke and K.R. Bondioli. Streptolysin O Permeabilized and Mitotic Extract Treated Goat Fetal Fibroblasts for Use in Nuclear Transfer. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. (In press). Krisher, R., Lowe, J., Bailey, A., Sturek, M. (2008) Endocrine parameters and ovarian dynamics in Ossabaw swine suggest a model for polycystic ovary syndrome. Experimental Biology. Abstract 757.24. Krisher, R.L. (2008) Components of Oocyte Quality in the Pig. Biology of Reproduction Special Issue (abst. 755). Lima, A.S., Monaco, E., Wilson, S.M., Kim, D., Feltrin, C., Lane, S., Bionaz, M., Hurley, W.L., Wheeler, M.B. (2008). Osteogenic differentiation in vitro of porcine adult mesenchymal stem cells. Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20: 286. Lin CJ, LY Sung, X Yang, SA Krawetz, XC Tian. 2008. Dynamic changes of nuclear halo structure of in vivo fertilized and cloned preimplantation mouse embryos (accepted for presentation in the 41st annual meeting of the Society for the Study of Reproduction, Kailua-Kona, HI, May 27-30, 2008). Looney, C.R., J. H. Pryor, C.B. Ballard, C.B. Ponchirolli-Schneider, D. W. Forrest and R.A. Godke. 2008. Intracellular lipids within bovine embryos have an effect on cryotolerance and overall embryo viability post-thaw. Proc. SBTE Meetings (Brazil) (August 21-24th). 36 (Suppl. 2):319-348. Looper, M.L., R.W. Rorie C.N. Person, M.D. Person T.D. Lester and C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2008. Influence of endophyte-infected fescue on semen characteristics of Brahman-influenced bulls. J Anim Sci 86(E-Suppl. 3):17 (Abstr. 63). Mocklin, C.M., SK Lyle, BE Eilts, EGH Wouters, LR Gentry, RA Godke, and DL Paccamonti. 2008. Is the individual variation in response to post-ovulatory cloprostenol in mares due in part to timing of initiation of treatment in relation to ovulation? Pferdeheilkunde 24:115. (Abstract) Monaco, E., Lima, A.S., Wilson, S.M, Kim, D., Bionaz, M., Hurley, W.L., Wheeler, M.B. (2008) Osteopontin gene expression in immature and mature swine cumulus cells and oocytes Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20:171. Monaco, E., Lima, A.S., Wilson, S.M, Kim, D., Bionaz, M., Hurley, W.L., Wheeler, M.B. 2008. Temporal Transcript Profiling of Porcine Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells during Osteogenic and Adipogenic Differentiation using a 13K Porcine Microarray. International Society for Stem Cell Research. Annual Meeting. June 11-14, 2008. Morales-Pliego, F., M. Barcelo-Fimbres, L.S. Amorim and G.E. Seidel, Jr. 2008. Optimal in vitro maturation time depends on morphological characteristics of bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes. Reprod. Fertil. Develop. 20:203-204. Nel-Themaat, L., M. Gomez, C.E. Pope, M. Lopez, G. Wirtu, A. Cole, B.L. Dresser, L.A. Lyons, K. R. Bondioli and R.A. Godke. 2008. Cloning from semen. Part 1: In vitro proliferation of epithelial cells on embryonic fibroblasts after isolation from semen by gradient centrifugation. Cloning & Stem Cells 10:143-160. Nel-Themaat, L., M. Gomez, C.E. Pope, M. Lopez, G. Wirtu, J.L. Jenkins, A. Cole, B.L. Dresser, K. R. Bondioli and R.A. Godke. 2008. Cloning from semen. Part 2: Intergeneric nuclear transfer of semen-derived eland (Taurotragus oryx) epithelial cells into bovine oocytes. Cloning & Stem Cells 10:161-172 Paczkowski, M.J., Bidwell, C., Waddell, J., Spurlock, D., Krisher, R.L. (2008) In vitro maturation alters gene expression in mouse oocytes. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 20(1):82 (abst. 3). Pant, D., Keefer, C.L. (2008) Noggin Stimulates Expression of the Pluripotency Marker Nanog in Bovine Inner Cell Mass (ICM) Derived Explants. ISSCR Annual Conference Proceedings. Park JP, SR Davis, T Suteevun, RS Bruno, RS Prather, X Yang, XC Tian. 2008. DNA Methylation analyses in lungs of cloned pigs (accepted for presentation in the 41st annual meeting of the Society for the Study of Reproduction, Kailua-Kona, HI, May 27-30, 2008). Pennington, P. M., L.R. Gentry, C.E. Pope, R.A. Maclean, D. L. Paccamonti, B.L.Dresser, K.R. Bondioli, R. A. Godke and G. Wirtu. 2008. Characterization of the common eland (Taurotragus orryx) estrous cycle. Proc. Gulf Coast Conservation Biology Symposium (New Orleans, LA, October 2, 2008). 5:11. Person, C.N., T.D. Lester, M.D. Person and R.W. Rorie. 2008. Effects of penicillamine, hypotaurine and epinephrine (PHE) on post-thaw bovine sperm parameters, as measured by computer-assisted sperm analysis. J Anim Sci 86(E-Suppl. 3):16 (Abstr. 61). Picou, A.A. R. MacLean, B. Dresser, R. Godke and K. R. Bondioli. 2008. Isolation and characterization of bovine adipose derived somatic stem cells. Proc. Gulf Coast Conservation Biology Symposium (New Orleans, LA, October 2, 2008). 5:4. Picou, A.A., MacLean,R.A., Dresser,B., Godke,R.A. and Bondioli,K.R. Isolation and Characterization of Bovine Adipose Derived Somatic Stem Cells. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. (In press). Powell, J.G., A.H. Brown, Z.B. Johnson, R.W. Rorie, C.A. Tucker, J.L. Reynolds and J.A. Hornsby,. 2008. Factors associated with pregnancy rate in first exposed, crossbred heifers. J Anim Sci 86(E-Suppl. 3):27 (Abstr. 104). Purpera, M.N., C.B. Ballard, A.M. Giraldo, D. Hylan, R.A. Godke and K.R. Bondioli. 2008. Effects of culture medium and protein supplementation on mRNA expression of in vitro produced preimplantation bovine embryos. Reprod. Fertil. Develop. 20:173. Rasmussen, S., Z. Brink, K. McSweeney and G. Seidel. 2008. Use of commercially available oocytes and sexed sperm for IVF/ET and AI in dairy cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 85(E-Suppl. 2):460. Rodriguez-Melendez, R., B. White and J. Zempleni. 2008. Biotin-dependent cell signaling networks in mouse embryos. J. Nutrition (Accepted) (Abstract). Farmer WT, Farin PW, Bischoff SR, Alexander JE, Piedrahita JA, Farin CE. (2008). Detection of antisense to Igr2r (AIR) in cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 20:81 (abst #2). Saenz, J.R., C. Dumas, B.L. Dresser, Martha Gomez, R, Godke and C.E. Pope. 2008. Survival and in vitro functionality of cat epididymal spermatozoa following cryopreservation in extenders with and without egg yolk. Proc. Gulf Coast Conservation Biology Symposium (New Orleans, LA, October 2, 2008). 5:7. Saenz, J.R., C. Guerrero, D. Paccamonti, B. Eilts, K. Bondioli, R.A. Godke. 2008. Processing of postmortem bovine epididymal sperm after cooling the testes for 24 hours. Reprod. Fertil. Develop 20:126. Saenz. J.R., C. Dumas, B.L. Dresser, M.C. Gómez, R.A. Godke and C.E. Pope. Survival and in vitro functionality of cat epididymal spermatozoa following cryopreservation in extenders with or without egg yolk. Reprod. Fertil. Develop. (In press). Schiffmacher, A., Keefer, C.L. (2008) Characterization of the bovine embryo-derived CT-1 Cell line for studying regulation of transcription factors expressed with the bovine trophectoderm. Reprod. Fert. Dev. 20(1)136-137, abst. 113. Schiffmacher,A., Keefer, C.L. (2008) Expression of an CT4(POU5F1) Pseudogene in the Bovine Embryo Derived CT-1 Cell Line. Biol. Reprod. S1. abstr 204. Seidel, G.E., Jr. 2008. Integrating in vitro embryo technologies into the dairy industry. Proc. NRI Animal Reproduction Annual Investigator Meeting, pp. 79-80. Storer, W.A., D.L. Thompson Jr., K. Bondioli, R.A. Godke, A.S. Khan, P.A. Brown, R. Draghia-Akli. 2008. Evaluation of plasmid delivery by electroporation for GnRH production in stallions. Equine Vet. Sci. 28(3):149-155. Stout, M.A., J.R. Saenz, G.T. Gentry, S.P. Leibo, K.R. Bondioli and R.A. Godke. Comparison of post-thaw values of epididymal sperm from White-tail deer that was frozen using glycerol or DMSO as the cryoprotectant. Reprod. Fertil. Develop. (In press). Stout, M.A., J.R. Saenz, J. Chenevert, C.J. Schexnayder, K.R. Bondioli and R.A. Godke. 2008. Comparison of ejaculated and epididymal sperm parameters from the same bulls. Proc. Gulf Coast Conservation Biology Symposium (New Orleans, LA, October 2, 2008). 5:22. West, F. D., K. Pandiyan, K. R. Robbins and S. L. Stice. 2008. Enrichment and Differentiation of Germ-Like Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Georgia Stem Cell Initiative; Athens, (GA). West, F. D., K. Pandiyan, K. R. Robbins and S. L. Stice. 2007. Enrichment of Germ-Like Cells in Human Embryonic Stem Cell Cultures. Society for the Study of Reproduction 40th Annual Meeting; San Antonio, (TX). West, F. D., K. Pandiyan, K. R. Robbins and S. L. Stice. 2007. Human Embryonic Stem Cells Differentiate into Sperm and Eggs Precursor Cells. Georgia Life Sciences Summit; Atlanta, (GA). West, F. D., K.i Pandiyan, K. R. Robbins and S. L. Stice. 2007. Enrichment of Germ-Like Cells in Human Embryonic Stem Cells Cultures. GTECH Industry Partners Symposium; Atlanta, (GA). West, F. D., M.S. Natrajan, M.I. Roche-Rios, M.A. Bedell and S. L. Stice. 2008. Bone Morphogenetic Protein and KIT Ligand Signaling Enhances Human Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation into Early Sperm Cells. Georgia Life Sciences Summit; Atlanta, (GA). Wheeler, M.B., Hurley, W.L., Lane, S.J., Bressner, G.E., VanEtten, T., Kim, D., Lima, A.S., Monaco, E., Wilson, S.M. (2008). Risk assessment of alpha-lactalbumin transgenic pigs. Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20:311. Williams K. A.A. Picou, S.L. Kish, A.M. Giraldo, R.A. Godke and K.R. Bondioli. 2008. Isolation and characterization of porcine adipose-derived adult stem cells. Cells, Tissues & Organs 186(3): 251-258. Wirtu, G., C.E. Pope, R.A. MacLean, R. A. Godke, D. L. Paccamonti and B. L. Dresser. 2008. Reversal of motility loss in Bongo antelope (Tragelaphus eurycerus isaaci) spermatozoa contaminated with hyposmotic urine during electroejaculation. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 103:392-397 Williams, K., K. Thibodeaux and R. A. Godke. 2008. Developing gamete and embryo freezing technologies using animal models. ESHRE Fertility World 8:21-23. Williams, K.J., J.M. Gimble, R.A. Godke and K.R. Bondioli. Characterization of Porcine Adipose Tissue-Derived Adult Stem Cell Surface Proteins. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. (In press). Williams, K.J., R.A. Godke and K.R. Bondioli. 2008. Characterization of porcine adipose tissue-derived adult stem cell surface proteins. Proc. Gulf Coast Conservation Biology Symposium (New Orleans, LA, October 2, 2008). 5:20. Wilson. J.A., R.A. Godke and K.R. Bondioli. 2008. Gene copy number of transfected caprine fibroblast cells. Proc. Gulf Coast Conservation Biology Symposium (New Orleans, LA, October 2, 2008). 5:19. Wirtu, G., C.E. Pope, D.L Paccamonti, R. A Godke, B. L Dresser. 2008. Ultrasound-guided retrieval and in vitro maturation of eland (Taurotragus oryx) and bongo (Tragelaphus eurycerus isaaci) antelope oocytes. Anim. Reprod. Sci. (Online doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.02.017). Wirtu, G., C.E. Pope, R.A. MacLean, R. A. Godke, D. L. Paccamonti and B. L. Dresser. 2008. Reversal of motility loss in Bongo antelope (Tragelaphus eurycerus isaaci) spermatozoa contaminated with hyposmotic urine during electroejaculation. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 103:392-397 Wirtu, G., P.M. Pennington, C.E. Pope, R.A. MacLean, J. Mercado, J. Galiguis, D.L. Paccamonti, R.A. Godke and B.L. Dresser. Behavioral aspects of estrus in the common eland antelope (Taurotragus oryx). Reprod. Fertil. Develop. (In press). Youngs, C.R. and R.A. Godke. Biotechnology: Cattle Embryo Transfer Technology. 2008. In: D.R. Heldman, A. Bridges, D. Hoover, and M.B. Wheeler, Eds. Encyclopedia of Biotechnology in Agriculture and Food. Marcel Dekker, New York, NY (In press). Yuan, Y., Krisher, R.L. (2008) The presence of ammonium in chemically defined maturation medium inhibits porcine oocyte nuclear maturation and subsequent embryonic development in vitro. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 20(1):208-209 (abst. 257). 4. Miscellaneous publications (semi-technical/lay publications) Flores, R., M.L. Looper, R.W. Rorie, C.R. Bailey, D.M. Hallford, S.T. Reiter and C.F. Rosenkrans, Jr. 2008. Effects of bovine somatotropin and suckling on reproductive performance, ovarian follicles, and concentrations of ghrelin, GH, and IGF-I in postpartum Brahman-influenced cows. Ark Agri. Exp. Sta., Res. Series 563:53-55. Rorie, R.W. and M.D. Person. 2008. Effects of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the interleukin-8 receptor on susceptibility of dairy cattle to mastitis. Ark Agri. Exp. Sta., Res. Series 563:126-127. Seidel, G.E., Jr. 2008. Cloning. World Book Encyclopedia, pp. 682-684.