SAES-422 Multistate Research Activity Accomplishments Report
Sections
Status: Approved
Basic Information
- Project No. and Title: WCC58 : Production, Transition Handling, and Reestablishment of Perennial Nursery Stock
- Period Covered: 10/01/2002 to 10/01/2003
- Date of Report: 11/10/2003
- Annual Meeting Dates: 10/03/2003 to 10/06/2003
Participants
Boyer, Charles - Oregon State University; Cameron, Art - Michigan State University; Graves, Bill - Iowa State University; Kjelgren, Roger - Utah State University; Klett, James - Colorado State University; Kling, Gary - University of Illinois; Kuhns, Larry - Pennsylvania State University; Mathers, Hannah - Ohio State University; Maynard, Brian - University of Rhode Island; Merhaut, Don - University of California, Riverside; St. Hilaire, Rolston - New Mexico State University; Tripepi, Bob - University of Idaho
The annual business meeting was held on October 3, 2003 at the Westin Convention Center in Providence, Rhode Island. Chairman Donald Merhaut brought the meeting to order. The minutes of the October 2, 2002 meeting were approved as submitted.
Future meeting sites were discussed. It was agreed to move forward with a tour of the industry in the Netherlands during the spring of 2004. Art Cameron has contacts in this region. He volunteered to investigate a possible tour for the region and plan a timing that would minimize costs. Art also would provide a concise summary of the unique opportunities this trip would provide for the WCC-058 committee. Administrative Advisor Charles Boyer agreed to work to ensure support from AES directors. If the Netherlands trip does not work, the alternative would be Michigan. Michigan also will serve as the site for the 2005 meeting if the Netherlands trip occurs.
Charles Boyer volunteered to coordinate assembling the annual report. Members will be requested by e-mail to provide specific information.
Art Cameron and Rolston St. Hilaire will coordinate the rewriting of the petition to renew the project. Charles Boyer will send requests for information to be submitted and work with Art and Rolston to complete the rewrite.
New officers were elected as follows
Chair: Art Cameron
Vice-chair/Secretary: Brian Maynard
Technical reports were presented as part of the annual meeting of the American Society for Horticultural Science.
Future meeting sites were discussed. It was agreed to move forward with a tour of the industry in the Netherlands during the spring of 2004. Art Cameron has contacts in this region. He volunteered to investigate a possible tour for the region and plan a timing that would minimize costs. Art also would provide a concise summary of the unique opportunities this trip would provide for the WCC-058 committee. Administrative Advisor Charles Boyer agreed to work to ensure support from AES directors. If the Netherlands trip does not work, the alternative would be Michigan. Michigan also will serve as the site for the 2005 meeting if the Netherlands trip occurs.
Charles Boyer volunteered to coordinate assembling the annual report. Members will be requested by e-mail to provide specific information.
Art Cameron and Rolston St. Hilaire will coordinate the rewriting of the petition to renew the project. Charles Boyer will send requests for information to be submitted and work with Art and Rolston to complete the rewrite.
New officers were elected as follows
Chair: Art Cameron
Vice-chair/Secretary: Brian Maynard
Technical reports were presented as part of the annual meeting of the American Society for Horticultural Science.
Accomplishments
A cooperative project to assess the potential adaptability of seven hybrid pear selections to southern California landscapes was initiated between Washington State University and the University of California Riverside. The interspecific pear hybrids were selected for their landscape value at Washington State University-Puyallup and should possess the heat and drought-tolerance necessary to perform well in Southern California landscapes. The trees were propagated and shipped to California in spring 2003 by the Landscape Plant Development Center. The original trees have shown excellent landscape potential in western Washington and at least one selection, wa93-70-2, a cross of Pyrus calleryana ‘Chanticleer‘ x P. elaeragrifolia, was more fire blight resistant than ‘Bradford‘ in laboratory tests. Trees shipped to U.C. Riverside were grown on in 15-gallon containers and will be transplanted into a field plot this winter for long-term evaluation. At the end of one growing season, all selections show great promise for landscape trees in southern California.
Chris Starbuck (Missouri) previously developed and reported on the use of gravel beds to extend the post-harvest holding period and thus market window for bare rooted nursery stock. Several WCC-058 members are extending this work. Serbian spruce seedlings (2-0) transferred to a gravel bed for one growing season before transplanting to the field were larger one year later than those 2-0 seedlings grown in field soil for one season before transplanting to the field (Idaho). In contrast, Austrian pine seedlings (2-0) were unaffected by the pre-transplant treatment, indicating that the gravel bed growing system may be useful for only some species. Research has been initiated at Utah to investigate the use of high frequency gravel beds for holding bare root native woody plant stock. In addition, Arizona and Texas researchers have a cooperative project that deals with issues involving the shipment of bare-root roses from Arizona to Texas for potting to maximize shipping and post-harvest qualities.
WCC-058 researchers are working collaboratively on water utilization. Utah scientists are collaborating with scientists from Texas Tech and the University of Florida on quantifying water use of sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) in three contrasting climates. Graduate students are investigating one-gallon pot-in-pot production of Intermountain West (IM) native perennials, and the drought tolerance of IM native and conventional perennials under irrigation of varying intervals. A cooperative project between Utah State University and Oklahoma State University on transpiration of landscape trees growing over turfgrass or asphalts is on going.
WCC-058 researchers are also looking at pest and nutrient constraints on nursery crop production and quality. A cooperative project between the University of Arkansas and the Oklahoma State University on effectiveness of fungicides in controlling anthracnose on Euonymus fortunei is in progress. California (Riverside) researchers are conducting studies investigating the effects of different poly-coated controlled release fertilizers on plant growth and nutrient leaching from containerized woody ornamentals. They have also evaluated the infectivity and effectiveness of different commercially available mycorrhizal inoculants. In a study in Idaho, five to six foot (1.5 to 2 meter) tall balled and burlapped Colorado spruce trees had better foliar nutrition after one growing season after transplanting if the trees were held in a 50:50 mixture of pine bark: composted bios lids (sewage sludge) than those trees receiving other fertilizer treatments. A range of pre- and post emergence herbicides were evaluated for their control of Asiatic dayflower, a new exotic invasive weed in conifer plantings in the northeast United States (Pennsylvania). Though it is resistant to most of the herbicides tried, it was found that flumioxazin provides greater than 90% control when applied preemergence. Chloransulam provided greater than 80% control when applied post emergence.
Chris Starbuck (Missouri) previously developed and reported on the use of gravel beds to extend the post-harvest holding period and thus market window for bare rooted nursery stock. Several WCC-058 members are extending this work. Serbian spruce seedlings (2-0) transferred to a gravel bed for one growing season before transplanting to the field were larger one year later than those 2-0 seedlings grown in field soil for one season before transplanting to the field (Idaho). In contrast, Austrian pine seedlings (2-0) were unaffected by the pre-transplant treatment, indicating that the gravel bed growing system may be useful for only some species. Research has been initiated at Utah to investigate the use of high frequency gravel beds for holding bare root native woody plant stock. In addition, Arizona and Texas researchers have a cooperative project that deals with issues involving the shipment of bare-root roses from Arizona to Texas for potting to maximize shipping and post-harvest qualities.
WCC-058 researchers are working collaboratively on water utilization. Utah scientists are collaborating with scientists from Texas Tech and the University of Florida on quantifying water use of sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) in three contrasting climates. Graduate students are investigating one-gallon pot-in-pot production of Intermountain West (IM) native perennials, and the drought tolerance of IM native and conventional perennials under irrigation of varying intervals. A cooperative project between Utah State University and Oklahoma State University on transpiration of landscape trees growing over turfgrass or asphalts is on going.
WCC-058 researchers are also looking at pest and nutrient constraints on nursery crop production and quality. A cooperative project between the University of Arkansas and the Oklahoma State University on effectiveness of fungicides in controlling anthracnose on Euonymus fortunei is in progress. California (Riverside) researchers are conducting studies investigating the effects of different poly-coated controlled release fertilizers on plant growth and nutrient leaching from containerized woody ornamentals. They have also evaluated the infectivity and effectiveness of different commercially available mycorrhizal inoculants. In a study in Idaho, five to six foot (1.5 to 2 meter) tall balled and burlapped Colorado spruce trees had better foliar nutrition after one growing season after transplanting if the trees were held in a 50:50 mixture of pine bark: composted bios lids (sewage sludge) than those trees receiving other fertilizer treatments. A range of pre- and post emergence herbicides were evaluated for their control of Asiatic dayflower, a new exotic invasive weed in conifer plantings in the northeast United States (Pennsylvania). Though it is resistant to most of the herbicides tried, it was found that flumioxazin provides greater than 90% control when applied preemergence. Chloransulam provided greater than 80% control when applied post emergence.
Impacts
- Small landscape trees with good tolerance to environmental and biological stresses are limited. Current landscape trends and public concern about pesticides and water use increase the need to plant small trees. Research is developing small trees tolerant to environmental and biological stresses with superior landscape characteristics. WCC members are evaluating new trees before they're offered to the public. This information will be the basis for recommending trees for different regions.
- WCC research has shown that Austrian pine (AP) and Serbian spruce (SS) seedlings grow in gravel beds and readily transplanted in fall. More difficult-to-transplant species (SS) grew better and transplant easier than easily transplanted species (AP). Gravel beds cost more, but have important advantages over field soil. Seedlings lift out of the gravel with fewer lost roots and root systems can be easily cleaned and fumigated for shipment overseas or to quarantined areas.
- Companies holding older conifer species (e.g., Colorado spruce) over a growing season find that these plants appear nutrient deficient near the end of first summer. This deficiency is probably due in part to the production system. Holding trees in bark mulch, with a high carbon to nitrogen ratio may worsen the problem. WCC research on various fertilizer treatments showed that composted biosolids added to the barkmulch was helpful for maintaining tree quality.
- Collaborative work on tree water usage has been disseminated to the Irrigation Association. This will provide the basis for their guidelines for irrigating woody plants in their Best Management Practices based on science rather than conjecture.
Publications
Alsup, C.M., J.C. Cole, and P.L. Claypool. 2003. Stem cuttings of Caddo sugar maple trees differ in rooting potential. Acta Hort. (In press).
Alsup, C., J. Cole, and L. Claypool. 2003. Timing and IBA application affect rooting of Acer saccharum Marsh. stem tip cuttings. Prop. Ornamental Plants 3:42-46.
Bosma, T.L., J.C. Cole, K.E. Conway, and J.M. Dole. 2002. Solid matrix priming hastens Canterbury bells seed germination. HortTechnology 12:268-270.
Cole, J.C. and D.E. Dunn. 2002. Expanded polystyrene as a substitute for perlite in rooting substrate. J. Environ. Hort. 20:7-10.
Copes, W. E., G. A. Chastagner and R. L. Hummel. 2003. Toxicity Responses of Herbaceous and Woody Ornamental Plants to Chlorine and Hydrogen Dioxides. Plant Health Progress.
http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/sub/php/research/2003/disinfect/
Copes, W. E., G. A. Chastagner and R. L. Hummel. 2002. Potential Toxicity of Chlorine Dioxide and Hydrogen Dioxide on Herbaceous and Woody Ornamental Crops. Phytopathology 92:S148-149.
Ferro. A., M. Fefell., R. Kjelgren., D. S. Lipson, N. Zollinger, S. Jackson. 2003 Maintain Hydraulic Control Using Deep Rooted Tree Systems. Pp. 125-156. In: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, Vole 78. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
Frost, M.D., J.C. Cole, and J.M. Dole. 2003. Fertilizer source affects Fe, Mn, and Zn leaching, nutrient distribution, and geranium growth. J. Plant Nutr. 26:315-329.
Frost, M.D., J.C. Cole, J.M. Dole, and N.T. Basta. 2002. Media constituents, micronutrient fertilizer source and calcium applications influence iron, manganese, and zinc leaching. J. Plant Nutr. 25:315-326.
Glawe, D. A., R. Hummel and G. Jack. 2003. First Report of Powdery Mildew of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Caused by Sphaerotheca fuliginea(Podosphaera fuliginea)in the Pacific Northwest. Plant Health Progress.
http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/sub/php/brief/2003/kalanchoe/
Gover, A.E., J.M Johnson, and L.J. Kuhns. 2002. Differential response of Japanese knotweed and Sakhalin knotweed to herbicide treatments. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:34
Gover, A.E., J.M Johnson, and L.J. Kuhns. 2002. Effect of herbicide and application timing on control of poison hemlock. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:41.
Gover, A.E., J.M Johnson, and L.J. Kuhns. 2002. Control of Tree-of-Heaven provided by foliar herbicide applications. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:44-45.
Gover, A.E., J.M Johnson, and L.J. Kuhns. 2002. Late season control of stiltgrass. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:46.
Gover, A.E., J.M Johnson, and L.J. Kuhns. 2003. Pre and postemergence control comparisons for Japanese stiltgrass. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 57:28-33.
Gowdy, M., C. Starbuck and R. Munson. 2002. Summer-planting bare root
Buxus microphylla ‘Wintergreen‘ shrubs on the University of Missouri
campus from a Missouri Gravel Bed. Poster presented 30 September - 2
October 2002 at the International Plant Propagators Society Eastern Region
Annual Meeting in Baltimore, Maryland.
Grossi, J. A., H. B. Pemberton, and J. T. Baker. 2002. Leaf
photosynthesis, flower respiration, and flower longevity of pot roses
influenced by cultivar and growing environment. Acta Hort. in press.
Harpster, T.L., J.C. Sellmer and L.J. Kuhns. 2002. The impact of composted organic waste products on weed populations in field grown woody nursery production. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:86-87.
Hummel, R. L., D. Pittenger. 2002. Stress Tolerant, Small-Statured Pyrus Trees for Landscape Use In Southern California and Western Washington
Johnson, J.M., A.E. Gover,,and L.J. Kuhns. 2002. Comparison of glyphosate formulations for control of perennial weeds. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:42-43.
Johnson, J.M , A.E. Gover and L.J. Kuhns. 2003. Effect of basal bark application timing on suppression of tree-of-hearven resprouts. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 57:34-35.
Kirk, S. D. and M. V. Coggeshall. 2002. Small batch seed propagation of various pine species. Presented 30 September - 2 October 2002 at the International Plant Propagators Society Eastern Region Annual Meeting in Baltimore, Maryland.
Krucker, M., R. Hummel and C. Cogger. 2003. Biosolids and Dairy Manure Products as a Substitute for Peat-Based Potting Mixes in Greenhouse Container Production. Biosolids Bulletin. pg. 2.
Kuhns, L.J. 2002. Low maintenance cover crops for Christmas Tree plantings. American Christmas Tree Jornal. 46(2):10-16.
Kuhns, L.J., D.D. Davis and E.A. Brantley. 2002. ‘Mulch‘ ado about nothing? Grounds Maintenance. 37(3):24-32.
Kuhns, L.J. and T.L. Harpster. 2002. Efficacy and phytotoxicity of preemergence applications of flumioxazin and azafenidin in conifers. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:53-59.
Kuhns, L.J. and T.L. Harpster. 2002. Efficacy and phytotoxicity of preemergence and postemergence applications of sulfometuron in conifers. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:60-66.
Kuhns, L.J. and T.L. Harpster. 2002. A futile attempt at controlling Asiatic dayflower in Christmas trees. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:83-85.
Kuhns, L.J. and T.L. Harpster. 2003. Controlling asiatic dayflower in Christmas trees. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 57:41-42.
Lea Corkidi, E. B. Allen, D. Merhaut, M.F. Allen, J. Downer, J. Bohn, and M. Evans. 2003. Assessing the Infectivity of Commercial Mycorrhizal Inoculants in Plant Nursery Conditions. Submitted the J. Environ Hort.
Mackay, W.A., S.W. George, T.D. Davis, M.A. Arnold, R.D. Lineberger, J. Parsons, L. Stein, H.B. Pemberton, and C.B. McKenney. 2002. Texas supersrtars, identifying and promoting superior landscape plants that have minimal environmental impact on urban communities. T.D. Davis and V.A. Gibeault (eds.), Proc. Symp. Urban Agriculture: Emerging Opportunities in Science, Education and Policy. p. 193.
Mee, W., J. Barnes, R. Kjelgren, R. Sutton, T. Cerny and C. Johnson. 2003. Water Wise Native Plants for Intermountain Landscapes. USU Press. 0-87421-561-7 256 pages
Montague, T, and R. Kjelgren. 2003. Energy Balance of Six Common
Landscape Surfaces. Scient. Hort. In Press.
Moore, C.R. and Tripepi, R.R. 2003. Pre-conditioning rhododendron and chrysanthemum leaf explants affects transient R-glucuronidase expression after biolistic particle bombardment. Acta Horticulturae 625:363-369.
Pemberton, H. B. and W. E. Roberson. 2001. The east Texas bedding plant pack and garden performance trials. HortTechnology 11:392-396.
Pemberton, H.B., L. Finical Halleck, W.A. Mackay, and S.W.
George. 2002. Bedding plant trials: a rural/urban interface. T.D. Davis
and V.A. Gibeault (eds.), Proc. Symp. Urban Agriculture: Emerging
Opportunities in Science, Education and Policy. p. 200.
Sellmer, J.C., R. Bates, T.L. Harpster and L.J. Kuhns. 2002. Efficacy of five pre-emergence herbicides in pot-in-pot tree production. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:88-90.
Alsup, C., J. Cole, and L. Claypool. 2003. Timing and IBA application affect rooting of Acer saccharum Marsh. stem tip cuttings. Prop. Ornamental Plants 3:42-46.
Bosma, T.L., J.C. Cole, K.E. Conway, and J.M. Dole. 2002. Solid matrix priming hastens Canterbury bells seed germination. HortTechnology 12:268-270.
Cole, J.C. and D.E. Dunn. 2002. Expanded polystyrene as a substitute for perlite in rooting substrate. J. Environ. Hort. 20:7-10.
Copes, W. E., G. A. Chastagner and R. L. Hummel. 2003. Toxicity Responses of Herbaceous and Woody Ornamental Plants to Chlorine and Hydrogen Dioxides. Plant Health Progress.
http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/sub/php/research/2003/disinfect/
Copes, W. E., G. A. Chastagner and R. L. Hummel. 2002. Potential Toxicity of Chlorine Dioxide and Hydrogen Dioxide on Herbaceous and Woody Ornamental Crops. Phytopathology 92:S148-149.
Ferro. A., M. Fefell., R. Kjelgren., D. S. Lipson, N. Zollinger, S. Jackson. 2003 Maintain Hydraulic Control Using Deep Rooted Tree Systems. Pp. 125-156. In: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, Vole 78. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
Frost, M.D., J.C. Cole, and J.M. Dole. 2003. Fertilizer source affects Fe, Mn, and Zn leaching, nutrient distribution, and geranium growth. J. Plant Nutr. 26:315-329.
Frost, M.D., J.C. Cole, J.M. Dole, and N.T. Basta. 2002. Media constituents, micronutrient fertilizer source and calcium applications influence iron, manganese, and zinc leaching. J. Plant Nutr. 25:315-326.
Glawe, D. A., R. Hummel and G. Jack. 2003. First Report of Powdery Mildew of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Caused by Sphaerotheca fuliginea(Podosphaera fuliginea)in the Pacific Northwest. Plant Health Progress.
http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/sub/php/brief/2003/kalanchoe/
Gover, A.E., J.M Johnson, and L.J. Kuhns. 2002. Differential response of Japanese knotweed and Sakhalin knotweed to herbicide treatments. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:34
Gover, A.E., J.M Johnson, and L.J. Kuhns. 2002. Effect of herbicide and application timing on control of poison hemlock. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:41.
Gover, A.E., J.M Johnson, and L.J. Kuhns. 2002. Control of Tree-of-Heaven provided by foliar herbicide applications. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:44-45.
Gover, A.E., J.M Johnson, and L.J. Kuhns. 2002. Late season control of stiltgrass. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:46.
Gover, A.E., J.M Johnson, and L.J. Kuhns. 2003. Pre and postemergence control comparisons for Japanese stiltgrass. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 57:28-33.
Gowdy, M., C. Starbuck and R. Munson. 2002. Summer-planting bare root
Buxus microphylla ‘Wintergreen‘ shrubs on the University of Missouri
campus from a Missouri Gravel Bed. Poster presented 30 September - 2
October 2002 at the International Plant Propagators Society Eastern Region
Annual Meeting in Baltimore, Maryland.
Grossi, J. A., H. B. Pemberton, and J. T. Baker. 2002. Leaf
photosynthesis, flower respiration, and flower longevity of pot roses
influenced by cultivar and growing environment. Acta Hort. in press.
Harpster, T.L., J.C. Sellmer and L.J. Kuhns. 2002. The impact of composted organic waste products on weed populations in field grown woody nursery production. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:86-87.
Hummel, R. L., D. Pittenger. 2002. Stress Tolerant, Small-Statured Pyrus Trees for Landscape Use In Southern California and Western Washington
Johnson, J.M., A.E. Gover,,and L.J. Kuhns. 2002. Comparison of glyphosate formulations for control of perennial weeds. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:42-43.
Johnson, J.M , A.E. Gover and L.J. Kuhns. 2003. Effect of basal bark application timing on suppression of tree-of-hearven resprouts. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 57:34-35.
Kirk, S. D. and M. V. Coggeshall. 2002. Small batch seed propagation of various pine species. Presented 30 September - 2 October 2002 at the International Plant Propagators Society Eastern Region Annual Meeting in Baltimore, Maryland.
Krucker, M., R. Hummel and C. Cogger. 2003. Biosolids and Dairy Manure Products as a Substitute for Peat-Based Potting Mixes in Greenhouse Container Production. Biosolids Bulletin. pg. 2.
Kuhns, L.J. 2002. Low maintenance cover crops for Christmas Tree plantings. American Christmas Tree Jornal. 46(2):10-16.
Kuhns, L.J., D.D. Davis and E.A. Brantley. 2002. ‘Mulch‘ ado about nothing? Grounds Maintenance. 37(3):24-32.
Kuhns, L.J. and T.L. Harpster. 2002. Efficacy and phytotoxicity of preemergence applications of flumioxazin and azafenidin in conifers. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:53-59.
Kuhns, L.J. and T.L. Harpster. 2002. Efficacy and phytotoxicity of preemergence and postemergence applications of sulfometuron in conifers. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:60-66.
Kuhns, L.J. and T.L. Harpster. 2002. A futile attempt at controlling Asiatic dayflower in Christmas trees. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:83-85.
Kuhns, L.J. and T.L. Harpster. 2003. Controlling asiatic dayflower in Christmas trees. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 57:41-42.
Lea Corkidi, E. B. Allen, D. Merhaut, M.F. Allen, J. Downer, J. Bohn, and M. Evans. 2003. Assessing the Infectivity of Commercial Mycorrhizal Inoculants in Plant Nursery Conditions. Submitted the J. Environ Hort.
Mackay, W.A., S.W. George, T.D. Davis, M.A. Arnold, R.D. Lineberger, J. Parsons, L. Stein, H.B. Pemberton, and C.B. McKenney. 2002. Texas supersrtars, identifying and promoting superior landscape plants that have minimal environmental impact on urban communities. T.D. Davis and V.A. Gibeault (eds.), Proc. Symp. Urban Agriculture: Emerging Opportunities in Science, Education and Policy. p. 193.
Mee, W., J. Barnes, R. Kjelgren, R. Sutton, T. Cerny and C. Johnson. 2003. Water Wise Native Plants for Intermountain Landscapes. USU Press. 0-87421-561-7 256 pages
Montague, T, and R. Kjelgren. 2003. Energy Balance of Six Common
Landscape Surfaces. Scient. Hort. In Press.
Moore, C.R. and Tripepi, R.R. 2003. Pre-conditioning rhododendron and chrysanthemum leaf explants affects transient R-glucuronidase expression after biolistic particle bombardment. Acta Horticulturae 625:363-369.
Pemberton, H. B. and W. E. Roberson. 2001. The east Texas bedding plant pack and garden performance trials. HortTechnology 11:392-396.
Pemberton, H.B., L. Finical Halleck, W.A. Mackay, and S.W.
George. 2002. Bedding plant trials: a rural/urban interface. T.D. Davis
and V.A. Gibeault (eds.), Proc. Symp. Urban Agriculture: Emerging
Opportunities in Science, Education and Policy. p. 200.
Sellmer, J.C., R. Bates, T.L. Harpster and L.J. Kuhns. 2002. Efficacy of five pre-emergence herbicides in pot-in-pot tree production. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 56:88-90.