Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

A. Filling critical gaps in understanding pest biology Annual bluegrass weevil component " The geographical distribution of ABW includes 13 states and 2 provinces reporting outbreaks, and 18 other states and 2 provinces where it is not yet damaging. Ohio reported outbreaks and damage for the first time in 2007. " Visually assessed damage by ABW has a low correlation with population abundance, pointing interaction with other stresses leading to injury. " Phenology of ABW adult emergence from overwintering sites may not be predicted well from degree-day models. Anthracnose component " Colletotrichum cereale forms 10 highly specialized populations corresponding to ecosystem or host plant species, all derived from one founder population. " Asymptomatic non-turf hosts are unlikely reservoirs " Gene flow may still happen between races, through interbreeding with the founder population B. Find new control options for annual bluegrass pests Annual bluegrass weevil component " New products that are less toxic to applicators and the environment can be effective. " Acelepryn (chlorantraniliprole) can target young larvae. " Provaunt (indoxacarb) can target mid- to late-instar larvae. " Conserve can target all stages of larvae and adults. " Product mixtures containing a pyrethroid plus a neonicotinoid can be effective against larvae, even where adults are resistant to pyrethroids. " Insect pathogenic nematodes are ineffective against adult weevils " Insect pathogenic nematodes may be most useful as a mixture of two species, directed against late-instar larvae and pupae Anthracnose component " Excellent control with metconazole, tebuconazole, or chlorothalonil " Excellent control with mixtures or rotations of fosetyl-Al, tebuconazole, polyoxin-D or propiconazole " Excellent control with biocontrol bacteria, Bacillus licheniformis (Ecoguard) applied on a 7 d schedule, or in a 14-d schedule with pyraclostrobin " Poorer (but still acceptable control) with tebuconazole, tebuconazole + fosetyl-Al, chlorothalonil, tritoconazole, pyraclostrobin + tritoconazole, thiophanate methyl, and boscalid applied at 14-d intervals " Differences were found in the usefulness of phosphite salt for combating anthracnose in annual bluegrass (where it is helpful) and in creeping bentgrass (where it is not). In both cases, fosetyl-Al is useful. " Growth regulators trinexepac-ethyl and ethephon were not found to influence disease " Irrigation to avoid wilt stress, but not overwatering, was found optimal for reducing anthracnose. " Light-weight vibratory and sidewinder rolling subtly decreased anthracnose severity. " Topdressing with sand reduces anthracnose development, especially when measured from mid-July to early October. " Specific application frequencies, volumes, and types of sand used in topdressing can influence the suppression of anthracnose. " 65 Poa annua accessions were identified with resistance to anthracnose C. IPM decision tools for pests of annual bluegrass Annual bluegrass weevil component " Suction sampling of adults were correlated with larval population densities. " Laboratory filter paper assays were developed for pyrethroid resistance detection " Pyrethroid resistance was largely caused by mixed function oxidases, along with at least one other mechanism Anthracnose component " 71 isolates tested for sensitivity to benzimidazole, DMI, and QoI fungicides " All isolates were insensitive to thiophanate-methyl " 90% of isolates were insensitive to the QoI fungicide azoxystrobin " DMI sensitivity varies " Two mutations were identified that confer resistance to thiophanate-methyl and QoI fungicides

Clarke, B. B., P. R. Majumdar, A. R. Scholz, M. Peacos, A. Matlack, L. Jepsen, D. Fitzgerald, S. Camuso, J. Inguagiato, and T. J. Lawson. 2007. Influence of fungicides and biorational products on the development of anthracnose basal rot on an annual bluegrass green. Pages 199-207 in: Rutgers Turfgrass Proceedings, 2006. A. B. Gould, ed. Center for Turfgrass Science and the New Jersey Turfgrass Association, New Brunswick, N. J. Vol. 38. Crouch, J.A., Clarke, B.B. and Hillman, B.I 2007. Evolution of Colletotrichum associated with grasses from golf course greens, cereal crops and native prairies. Mid-Atlantic States Mycology Conference, Mycological Society of America, April 21-22, 2007, Beltsville, MD. Crouch, J.A., Clarke, B.B. and Hillman, B.I. 2007. Evolution of host specialization in Colletotrichum cereale associated with grasses from golf course greens, cereal crops and native prairies. Microbiology at Rutgers University: Cultivating traditions, current strength, and future frontiers. Theobald Smith Society, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N.J. Crouch, J.A., Clarke, B.B. and Hillman, B.I. 2007. Evolution of host specialization in Colletotrichum cereale associated with grasses from golf course greens, cereal crops and native prairies. Pg. 41 in: Proc. 16th Annual Rutgers Turfgrass Symp., B. Park and B. Fitzgerald, eds.Center for Turfgrass Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N.J. Crouch, J.A., Clarke, B.B. and Hillman, B.I. 2007. Implications of repeat-induced point mutated transposable elements during the evolution of Colletotrichum cereale. Theobald Smith Soc. Waksman Lect. Mtg, May 3, 2007, New Brunswick, NJ. http://users.tellurian.com/tss/Abstracts.pdf Crouch, J.A., Clarke, B.B. and Hillman, B.I. 2007. Implications of repeat-induced point mutated transposable elements during the evolution of Colletotrichum cereale. 24th Fungal Genetics Conference, March 20-25, 2007, Asilomar, CA. http://www.fgsc.net/asil2007/xxivFGCposterAbs.htm Crouch, J.A., Clarke, B.B. and Hillman, B.I. 2007. Patterns of recombination and population differentiation among Colletotrichum cereale isolates from 27 host plant genera. Fungal Genetics Newsletter, 24th Fungal Genetics Conference, March 20-25, 2007, Asilomar, CA. http://www.fgsc.net/asil2007/xxivFGCposterAbs.htm Crouch, J.A., Clarke, B.B. and Hillman, B.I. 2007. Sex and transposons: What do they mean for Colletotrichum cereale?. Phytopathology 97(7):S178. Crouch, J.A., Glasheen, B.M., Giunta, M.A., Clarke, B.B., and Hillman, B.I. 2008. The evolution of transposon repeat-induced point mutation in the genome of Colletotrichum cereale: Reconciling sex, recombination and homoplasy in an "asexual" pathogen. Fungal Genet. 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Characterizing the mating-type locus of the graminicolous Colletotrichum: Patterns of sex, selection and host specialization. 24th Fungal Genetics Conference, March 20-25, 2007, Asilomar, CA. http://www.fgsc.net/asil2007/xxivFGCposterAbs.htm Diaz, M.D. & D.C. Peck. 2007. Overwintering of annual bluegrass weevils, Listronotus maculicollis (Dietz) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in the golf course landscape. Entomologia Experimental et Applicata 125: 259-268. Inguagiato, J. C., J. A. Murphy, and B. B. Clarke. 2007. Developing best management practices for anthracnose control on annual bluegrass greens: summarizing four years of field research. Pg. 26-29 in: Proc. 16th Annual Rutgers Turfgrass Symp., B. Park and B. Fitzgerald, eds.Center for Turfgrass Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N.J. Inguagiato, J. C., J. A. Murphy, and B. B. Clarke. 2008. Anthracnose severity on annual bluegrass as influenced by nitrogen fertilization, growth regulators, and verticutting. Crop Sci., In Press Inguagiato, J.C., Murphy, J.A., and Clarke, B.B. 2007. Developing best management practices for anthracnose control on annual bluegrass putting greens: Summarizing four years of field research. The Greenerside. 31: 6-8, 10, 12, 14-15 Inguagiato, J.C., Murphy, J.A., Clarke, B.B. 2007. Effect of chemical growth regulation strategies on anthracnose severity of annual bluegrass putting green turf. Pg 43 in: Proc. 16th Annual Rutgers Turfgrass Symp., B. Park and B. Fitzgerald, eds.Center for Turfgrass Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N.J. Inguagiato, J.C., Murphy, J.A., Clarke, B.B. 2007. Evaluation of sand topdressing rate and frequency effects on anthracnose severity of an annual bluegrass putting green. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting 2007, New Orleans, LA. Koppenhöfer A.M., McGraw B.A. 2007. Development of new management tools for the annual bluegrass weevil on golf courses. The Greenerside 31 (2), 4-11. McGraw B. A., Koppenhöfer A.M. 2007. 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