Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

The annual meeting of the Multi-State Regional Soil Physics Research Project W-1188 was called to order by Ole Wendroth (Chair) at 8:00 am on Monday, January 5, 2009. The participating project members and visitors are listed as follows: MONDAY, JANUARY 5, 2009 8:00 am: Ole Wendroth, W1188 chair, welcomes the participants and presents the meeting theme. Five speakers from ecology (Travis Huxman), geochemistry (Jon Chorover), pedology (Craig Rasmussen), meteorology (Mike Crimmins), and hydrology (Peter Troch) were invited to present their views and opinions on potential contributions of the W1188 group to their respective disciplines. Jeffrey Silvertooth, SWES Department Head, welcomes the participants on behalf of the University of Arizona and the SWES Department. 8:30 am: Jon Chorover - Keynote Presentation After introducing meeting attendees, Dr. Jon Chorover presented an overview of his research on co-occurrence of organic and inorganic weathering processes. Throughout the presentation, Jon provided linkage between weathering processes and changes of physical and hydraulic properties of soils. 9:45 am: Student Poster Presentations During the break graduate students from the UA SWES and HWR Departments took the opportunity to present and discuss their research projects with W-1188 members. 10:15 am: Technical Presentations Thomas Harter (UCD) introduced a new concept to derive effective hydraulic parameters from simple patterns. Fred Zhang (PNNL) presented the computer code STOMP-WNE-R for simulating the transport of water and multi-component gas and energy transport. Jan Hopmans (UCD) introduced new designs for heat pulse probes for measurement of water fluxes, and gave an overview of the newly established California NSF Critical Zone Observatory. Marcel Schaap (UA) showed recent advances in Synchrotron Tomography that he utilized in conjunction with lattice Boltzmann modeling to directly predict the pressure-saturation relationship. Scott Jones (USU) presented recent work on the frequency-dependence of soil complex permittivity as key to determination of soil properties from EM measurements. 1:00 pm: Craig Rasmussen - Keynote Presentation After a short lunch break, Dr. Craig Rasmussen provided an interesting talk about interrelations between ecosystem patterns and soil water dynamics along climatic gradients and pointed to the many opportunities for collaborative research between pedology and soil physics. 2:15 pm: Technical Presentations Francis Casey (NSU) gave an overview of two recent research projects on nitrate mobility below center pivot irrigation and on the effect of soil properties on fate and transport of Estradiol. Markus Berli (DRI) presented a Microtomography and modeling study on soil compaction by plant roots. Todd Skaggs (US Salinity Lab) introduced a new root zone modeling approach to estimate groundwater recharge from irrigation of vegetable crops, and reported about performance of traditional subsurface irrigation systems with clay pots in India. 4:05 pm: Peter Troch - Keynote Presentation Dr. Peter Troch provided an excellent talk illustrating the application of isotope chemistry for estimation of travel times through catchments. He emphasized the importance and impact of soil physics for hydrology. 5:15 pm: Technical Presentations Karletta Chief (DRI) introduced the capabilities of the new DRI SEPHAS Lysimeter facility. Michael Young (DRI) continued to present the first measurements obtained with the heavily instrumented lysimeters. Jianting Zhu (DRI) presented results on hydraulic conductivity of layered soil systems with structured heterogeneity. Thijs Kelleners (UW) reported measurement and modeling results for the water and energy balance of vegetated areas with snow accumulation. 7:00 pm: Dinner, Social, and Group Discussion TUESDAY, JANUARY 6, 2009 8:00am  Business Meeting Ole Wendroth (chair) called the business meeting to order at 8:00 am and requested approval of the 2007 activity report and 2008 meeting minutes. Jan Hopmans moves to approve the report and the minutes, Ty Ferre seconds, and the group unanimously approves the activity report for the year 2007 and 2008 meeting minutes. Michael Young nominates Karletta Chief and Markus Berli (both DRI) as new W1188 members. After Karletta and Markus introduce themselves, Markus Tuller moves to approve, Scott Jones seconds, and the committee unanimously approves Karlettas and Markuss membership. Ole Wendroth asks Jeff Jacobsen (Administrative Supervisor) to consider the new members. Jeffs agreement is required because both are not affiliated with an Experiment Station. The committee nominates two candidates for becoming the next secretary: Marcel Schaap (UA) and Scott Jones (USU). After consultation between Marcel and Scott, Marcel prefers Scott to take over this responsibility in 2009. Scott was unanimously approved by the committee, and he accepts. Jan Hopmans proposed changes to the W1188 webpage to create a platform for information exchange among group members. After discussion the group agreed to setup a protected ftp site. This will streamline submission of activity reports in the coming years. Jan Hopmans moves to setup the site, Scott Jones seconds, and the committee unanimously approves. Frank agreed to setup the site at NDSU. Thijs Kelleners proposed to discontinue distributing paper copies of the activity reports. A poll showed that the majority of group members prefer to have hardcopies. The committee agrees to distribute hardcopies at future meetings. Ole Wendroth and Jeff Jacobsen suggest providing more focused activity reports with emphasis on accomplishments and impacts. Shorter reports will significantly reduce the workload for the secretary and the administrative supervisor, who is responsible for submission of the report to CRIS. Jan Hopmans moves to change the report format to a shorter version, Ole Wendroth seconds, and the committee unanimously approves. It was agreed that each state/institution submits a one- to two-page report with accomplishments and impacts. Jeff Jacobsen will provide more details regarding the preferred format (CRIS) prior to the next meeting. Mike Young provided an update on the status of the W1188 renewal proposal and requested contributions from group members and the writing committee. Jeff Jacobsen (MSU) provided the administrative report. Jeff pointed to the many changes occurring within USDA associated to changes to the farm bill. Based on his knowledge these changes wont impact multistate research projects, but there will be transformations to the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES). There will be a new National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA) that is authorized to direct more funding towards competitive research including basic and applied research and extension and education. There are a number of upcoming deadlines that W1188 should not miss. Jeff is working with the writing team to get the renewal proposal submitted in time. Gerard Kluitenberg on behalf of the group thanked Jeff for his continued service to W1188. Jan Hopmans and Michael Young suggest to more closely work with other multistate groups (e.g., W1007, W1045) and maybe organize a joint annual meeting or send W1188 ambassadors to meetings. Jan Hopmans will attend the next W1007 meeting in June in Las Cruces, NM. The committee unanimously agreed to actively pursue closer collaborations with other multistate groups. 9:15 am: Mike Crimmins - Keynote Presentation Dr. Mike Crimmins provided the forth keynote lecture on Strategies for Integrating Soil and Climate Sciences. He pointed to the many opportunities for W-1188 to collaborate and provide expertise for drought monitoring and climate change projects. 11:00 am: Technical Presentations Laosheng Wu (UCR) presented a diffusion/raindrop-dispersion model for predicting dissolved chemical transfer between soil surface and overland flow. Tim Green (USDA) showed recent results for scaling of spatial soil structures to link structural patterns to soil water dynamics. Jiri Simunek (UCR) provided his annual update on new applications and modifications to the HYDRUS 1D and 2D/3D numerical codes. 1:00 pm: Technical Presentations Ty Ferre (UA) presented a study regarding the sampling area (resolution) of environmental sensors. Art Warrick (UA) presented a computationally efficient approach to calculate infiltration from 2D/3D sources. 2:15 pm: Travis Huxman - Keynote Presentation The meeting commenced with the final keynote lecture by Dr. Travis Huxman. Travis illustrated how the landscape water balance and associated biotic/abiotic interactions change with respect to shifts in ecology and climate. 4:00 pm: Technical Presentations Steve Evett (USDA) provided an overview of newly constructed weighing lysimeter facilities in Jordan and China. Robert Schwartz (USDA) presented a study on calibration of TDR using the complex dielectric mixing model. Tyson Ochsner (OSU) presented a new approach to measure profile soil water dynamics with coated waveguides. After a moment of silence in memory of Sasha Globus, Robert Horton (ISU) presented new ways for insitu determination of soil water evaporation with heat pulse probes. Gerard Kluitenberg (KSU) introduced a new project aimed at establishing a database with field-measured physical and hydraulic data and corresponding soil descriptions for testing pedotransfer functions. John Nieber (UM) presented a new approach for multi-scale quantitative hydrologic analysis of water resources sustainability. Ole Wendroth (UK) presented a recent study on effects of rainfall timing and intensity on field-scale solute transport. 6:45 pm: Synthesis and Discussion After the final technical presentation, Ole Wendroth reads an encouraging message from Don and Joanne Nielsen, who were greatly missed at this years meeting. Jon Nieber nominates Dave Barnes (Univ. of Alaska Fairbanks) as a new member of the W1188 group. After a brief introduction of Dave, Gerard Kluitenberg moves to approve, Scott Jones seconds, and the committee unanimously approves Daves membership. The meeting continued with a discussion about the new meeting format and the venue for the 2010 meeting. There was unanimous agreement among group members that the new format with invited speakers and graduate student involvement was very successful and should be kept for future meetings. Several locations including Bushland (TX), Fort Collins (CO), Riverside (CA), Tucson (AZ), and Las Vegas (NV) were proposed for the 2010 meeting. A formal vote was not conclusive, but narrowed potential locations to Bushland and Las Vegas. Due to the advanced time, the decision and revote was tabled for Wednesday. Jan Hopmans also suggested a future meeting in Hawaii. He proposed to invite Ali Fares (Univ. of Hawaii) to join the W-1188 group to have a local organizer. 7:15pm Dinner and Social WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 7, 2009 8:15 am: Introduction of the Biosphere 2 Project Travis Huxman, director of the B2 Earthscience Institute presented an overview of the B2 outreach, education, and research infrastructure. Of specific interest for the W1188 group was a planned long-term experiment (currently in the design stage) focused on the fate of water on landscapes. The experiment comprises construction and instrumentation of three large hillslopes within the B2 facility to investigate how precipitation is partitioned upon the land surface into evaporation, transpiration, infiltration, deep percolation, run-off and stream flow, and how weathering processes and vegetation dynamics modify hillslope hydrology with time. After a lively discussion, W1188 members had the opportunity to tour the facility with its rainforest, marine, savannah, and desert biomes and the construction site for the hillslope experiment. 11:45 am: Concluding Remarks After the behind-the-scene tour of B2 the group gathered for final remarks and discussions. Another attempt to settle on a location for the 2010 meeting failed and it was decided to conduct an email poll. The meeting was officially adjourned at 12:30 pm. Respectfully submitted, Markus Tuller Secretary *The poll conducted after the meeting showed that the majority of members prefer to go back to Las Vegas for the 2010 meeting.

OBJECTIVE 1: To develop and improved understanding of the fundamental soil physical properties and processes governing mass and energy transport, and the biogeochemical interactions these mediate. Nevada applied synchrotron X-ray microtomography to study effects of physical rhizosphere properties on root growth, water and nutrient uptake. Air permeability measurements were tested as a viable alternative to water- and textured-based methods to rapidly map changes in saturated hydraulic conductivity due to soil development and land use. A study on application of polyacrylamide (PAM) to reduce seepage losses in earthen water delivery canals was completed. The U.S. Salinity Laboratory conducted studies to characterize surface chemistry and transport behavior of pathogenic E. coli. Cell surface macromolecules, steric stabilization, cell-cell interactions, and pore structure were found to play important roles in cell retention behavior in the sand. UC Riverside examined fate and transport behavior of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) through observations in experimental turf fields irrigated with EDCs and PPCPs. Pollution risk screenings identified six compounds with potential to contaminate groundwater under irrigated turf grass. UC Davis in collaboration with UC Riverside developed a new mathematical model SOILCO2 built into the HYDRUS-1D code to assess impact of agricultural management practices and land use on soil carbon storage and greenhouse gas emissions. Field-scale CO2 emissions measured in the Sacramento Valley were evaluated with SOILCO2. Another study at UC Davis revealed the dominant role of soils controlling the physical and chemical hydrology of contrasting vernal pools. Vernal pools are small depressional wetlands found in California. They are among the few ecosystems still dominated by native flora and are critical habitat for numerous rare species. The University of Arizona conducted theoretical and experimental studies with X Ray CT to investigate applicability of polypropylene fiber amendments to alleviate initiation and evolution of desiccation cracks in bentonite liners. Already a small amount of fibers improved mechanical liner stability and led to significant reduction of cracking. These findings are important for advanced and cost-efficient barrier design. Utah State University successfully launched a second experiment for optimization of root zone substrates to the International Space Station (ISS) and measurements in long term microgravity are currently being carried out. This second experiment monitors water retention and oxygen diffusion to determine the impact of microgravity on fluid distribution and transport in porous media. The University of Delaware conducted novel pore-scale experiments with laser scanning confocal microscopy to quantify and model colloid retention behavior in saturated and unsaturated porous media. Washington State University studied insitu colloid mobilization in Hanford sediments under transient flow conditions with column batch experiments and used the ADE with first-order colloid release reaction to analyze the experimental data. They found that capillary forces are controlling colloid release. The University of Wyoming developed a distributed model for calculation of the water and energy balance in mountainous areas prone to snow accumulation. Calibration and validation was conducted using data from a Northeast facing slope in the Dry Creek experimental watershed in Idaho. North Dakota State University conducted research on nitrate mobility below center pivot irrigation and on the effect of soil properties on fate and transport of Estradiol. Iowa State University performed a series of field studies to determine insitu soil-water evaporation dynamics from heat balance. Three-needle heat-pulse probes were installed at multiple depths in the upper centimeters of bare and cropped field plots. The probes provided temporal measurements of soil temperature, thermal properties, and water content, which allowed calculation of the subsurface sensible heat balance. PNNL developed a new module (STOMP-WNE) for the Subsurface Transport over Multiple Phase (STOMP) numerical simulator to model gas transport with one or more components in variably saturated geologic media. The University of Kentucky established field experiments to quantify leaching behavior of FBA (Fluor-Benzoic-Acid) and Bromide under different irrigation scenarios. OBJECTIVE 2: To develop and evaluate instrumentation and methods of analysis for characterizing mass and energy transport in soils at different scales. Researchers from Nevadas universities constructed a weighing lysimeter facility in Boulder City. Four well-instrumented weighing lysimeters with a live mass of approximately 28,000 kg and a resolution of ± 100g are devoted to investigate near-surface interactions of soil, water, biota, and atmospheric processes that affect desert environments. USDA-ARS Bushland (TX) designed and constructed a large weighing lysimeter facility in the Jordan River valley as part of the Middle Eastern Regional Irrigation Management Information Systems (MERIMIS) project of the USDA-ARS Office of International Programs. USDA-ARS Fort Collins (CO) further enhanced their Object Modeling System (OMS) to better support visual assembly of spatially distributed models for different space-time scales. The U.S. Salinity Lab developed new cell preparation methods for studying transport and retention of Escherichia coli D21g. For a given ionic strength condition, it was found that cells prepared by filtration were more negatively charged and hydrophobic, and exhibited greater transport potential than cells prepared by centrifugation. UC Riverside developed a new analytical method for simultaneous determination of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), and estrogenic compounds in wastewater irrigated soils by means of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. UC Davis in collaboration with Kansas State University designed an innovative button heat pulse probe (BHPP) for accurate soil water content measurements. The BHHP is highly sensitive to soil moisture because of the central placement of the thermistor. In addition, heat pulse methodology was further improved for accurate water flux density (WFD) measurements with a resolution of 1 cm/day. The University of Arizona developed new procedures for segmentation of X-Ray CT images of natural porous media, which is a significant contribution to microporous media research with objectives ranging from theoretical aspects of fluid and interfacial dynamics to practical applications such as (D)NAPL transport and dissolution. Another project was focused on the development of sample preparation and operation procedures for particle size analysis with laser diffractometry. Utah State University in collaboration with the University of Arizona applied geophysical measurement techniques (ERI and EMI) to determine their effectiveness for mapping of mine tailings. They further advanced geostatistical analysis of soil maps in collaboration with Stanford University. Washington State University tested suitability of centrifuges for studying colloid transport in saturated porous media. Theoretical predictions of colloid deposition in a porous medium agreed well with experiments. Kansas State University initiated a new project in collaboration with NRCS aimed at establishing a database with field-measured physical and hydraulic data and corresponding soil descriptions for testing pedotransfer functions. Oklahoma State University developed and tested a new TDR system with 1-m, coated waveguides for measuring soil profile water storage at the plot scale. The system is easier to install, uses fewer sensors, provides more spatial replication, and produces less site disturbance than common TDR systems. Iowa State University used laboratory and field experiments to evaluate the performance of a new, perforated heat flux plate to reduce flow distortion for environmental applications. Accurate measurement of heat flux is essential to optimize structural and process design and to improve understanding of energy transfer in natural systems. OBJECTIVE 3: To develop and evaluate scale-appropriate methodologies for the management of soil and water resources. Nevada contributed to the restoration of military lands. They evaluated the seedbed microclimate associated with the restoration of disturbed lands in the Mojave Desert. Results show that under prevailing hot and dry climatic conditions, soil microclimate is a hostile environment. Although seedlings germinated, survival after three months was negligible. The U.S. Salinity Lab implemented nutrient management plans (NMP) for dairy lagoon water application at three sites. They monitored fate and transport of salts, nutrients, and indicator microorganisms to develop management recommendations for improved NMP performance to protect groundwater from microorganism contamination. In another project they developed design and operation criteria for subsurface irrigation with baked clay pipes, a cost-efficient alternative to drip irrigation systems, which are not affordable for rural farming communities in developing countries. UC Riverside shifted research focus from water quantity issues towards water quality and has developed a number of new numerical HYDRUS codes for chemical transport, preferential/nonequilibrium flow and transport, contaminant transport, and coupled transport of water, vapor and energy. UC Riverside in collaboration with UCs Irvine, Merced, Berkeley, and Santa Barbara, established a new NSF funded Critical Zone Observatory in the Southern Sierra to answer forefront questions at the cross-roads of hydrology, geomorphology, soil science, geophysics, ecology, and geochemistry. Soil moisture, sap flow, and leaf potential measurements around a white fir are used to investigate how soil environmental stresses impact forest ecosystems across the rainfall-to-snow-dominated transition zone. UC Riverside developed a novel conceptual model for flow and transport of bio-colloids/pathogens through macroporous soils to assess potential risks of groundwater contamination with Cryptosporidium parvum. The University of Wyoming conducted a study to determine leaching potential of trace elements from Coalbed Methane production water disposal ponds. Analysis of a pond in Wyomings Powder River Basin suggests that the leaching potential from the unlined pond is low. North Dakota State University used sand column experiments to examine atrazine removal by Agrobacterium radiobacter immobilized in phosphorylated-polyvinyl alcohol compared to free J14a cells. The atrazine breakthrough results indicated that the immobilized dead J14 cells retarded atrazine transport, and that atrazine degradation capacity for the immobilized cells was not significantly different from the free cells. Kansas State University in collaboration with the Kansas Geological Survey measured water-table fluctuations to estimate the impact of various salt-cedar control activities on the ground-water resources of the Cimarron River alluvial aquifer. The University of Kentucky performed experiments to improve the understanding of nitrogen fertilizer response of winter wheat. Application treatments were not varied randomly in space but in a continuous sinusoidal pattern. It was obvious that nitrogen response is not unique but varies systematically across the landscape. USDA-ARS Bushland conducted the Bushland Evapotranspiration and Agricultural Remote Sensing Experiment 2008. The objective of the campaign was to evaluate, compare and regionally integrate evapotranspiration flux estimates made at different scales and with different instrumentation, using ground truth from the four large weighing lysimeters. OUTCOMES: New measurements of soil water movement has increased efficiency and applicability associated with soil development and land use changes. PAM, a synthetic compound, has decreased water seepage losses in earthen canals. A new heat pulse probe was designed, refined and evaluated in multiple collaborations to ehance accurate soil water measurements. OUTPUTS: Extensive number and quality of refereed publications remain a hallmark of this multistate project (see publication section). In addition, a special ediction of the Vadose Zone Journal was created and populated with scientific efforts from this project and others. International training programs were conducted on the use, adaptation and applicablility of fate and transport models useful in agricultural and environmental modeling and monitoring programs. ACTIVITIES:New knowledge and partnerships were present as exemplified by multi-institution collaborations on scientific journals, co-creation and use of computer training sessions and models globally, increasing number of visiting scientists and growth of graduate student from other countries. Improved sealing of bentonite liners were established through use of polypropylene fiber amendments which reduce cracking and help to maintain the designed barrier. Collaborative geophysical measurement techniques were developed and tested to map and monitor mine tailings and their landscape-scale impacts. MILESTONES: New measurement devices have been developed, evaluated and compared for their use in characterizing or monitoring solute, compounds and energy transport in highly engineered matices, natural and managed ecosystems. The quality of their data generated coupled with new statistical techniques have bee on-going and are being standardized for uniform applications. Allied disciplines have been a new addition to the annual meeting and subsequent discussions and research collaborations needed to shape and expand the applicability and relevance of the next 5-year project proposal (review mintues and meeting agendas for the last two years, and new project proposal).

Abdu, H., D. A. Robinson, M. Seyfried, and S. B. Jones. 2008. Geophysical imaging of watershed subsurface patterns and prediction of soil texture and water holding capacity. Water Resour. Res., 44, W00D18, doi:10.1029/2008WR007043. Akay, O., G. A. Fox, and J. `imonek. 2008. Numerical simulation of water flow during macropore/subsurface drain interaction using HYDRUS, Vadose Zone J. 7(3):909-918. Anapalli, S.S., L.R. Ahuja, D.C. Nielsen, T.J. Trout, and L. Ma. 2008. Use of Crop Simulation Models to Evaluate Limited Irrigation Management Options for Corn in Semi-Arid Environment. Water Resour. Res. 44, W00E02. Baumhardt, R.L., O.R. Jones, and R.C. Schwartz. 2008. Long term effects of profile-modifying deep plowing on soil properties and crop yield. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 72:677-682. Berli, M., A. Carminati, T.A. Ghezzehei, and D. Or. 2008. Evolution of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of aggregated soils due to compressive forces. Water Resour. Res. 44:W00C09. Bradford, S. A., and S. Torkzaban. 2008. Colloid transport and retention in unsaturated porous media: A review of interface, collector, and pore scale processes and models. Vadose Zone J. 7:667-681. Bradford, S. A., E. Segal, W. Zheng, Q. Wang, and S. R. Hutchins. 2008. Reuse of CAFO waterwater on agricultural lands: Potential environmental contaminants, transport pathways, and treatments. J. Environ. Qual. 37:597-615. Buchner, J. S., J. `imonek, J. Lee, D. E. Rolston, J. W. Hopmans, A. P. King, and J. Six. 2008. Evaluation of CO2 fluxes from an agricultural field using a process-based numerical model, J. Hydrology, doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.07.035, 361(1-2):131143. Caldwell, T.G., E.V. McDonald and M.H. Young. 2008. The seedbed microclimate and active revegetation of disturbed lands in the Mojave Desert. J. Arid Environs. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.12.008 Caldwell, T.G., M.H. Young, J. Zhu and E.V. McDonald. 2008. The spatial structure of hydraulic properties from canopy to interspace in the Mojave Desert. Geophysical Res. Letters. vol. 35, L19406, doi:10.1029/2008GL035095. Casey, F.X.M., P. Oduor, H. Hakk, G.L. Larsen, and T.M. DeSutter. 2008. Transport of 17beta-Estradiol and Testosterone in a Field Lysimeter. Soil Sci. 173:456-467. Chen W.P., L.Q. Li, A.C. Chang, L.S. Wu, M. Khosrivafard, and R. L. Chaney. 2008. Characterizing the Solid-Solution Partitioning Coefficient and Plant Uptake Factor of As, Cd, and Pb in California Croplands. Agriculture, Ecosystems Environ. 129:212-220 Chen, W.P, A.C. Chang, L.S. Wu, and Y.S. Zhang. 2008. Metal Uptake by Corn Grown on Media Treated with Particle-Size Fractionated Biosolids. Science of the Total Environment. 392:166-173. Chen, W.P, N. Krage, L. S. Wu, G.X. Pan, M. Khosrivafard, and A.C. Chang. 2008. Arsenic, Cadmium, and Lead in California Cropland Soils: Role of Fertilizers. J. Environ. Qual 37:689-695. Chen, W.P, N. Krage, L.S. Wu, A.L. Page, and A.C. Chang. 2008. Fertilizer Application and Trace Element Contents in Vegetable Production Soils of California. Water, Air & Soil Pollution 190:209-219. Chen, W.P., L.S. Wu, W.T. Frankenberger, Jr., and A.C. Chang. 2008. Soil Enzyme Activities of Long-term Reclaimed Wastewater Irrigated Soils. J. Environ. Qual. 37:536-542. Chief, K., T.P.A. Ferré, and A. C. Hinnell. 2008. The effects of anisotropy on in situ air permeability measurements. Vadose Zone J. 7:1-7. Chief, K., T.P.A. Ferré, and B. Nijssen. 2008. Examination of correlation between air permeability and saturated hydraulic conductivity in unburned and burned desert soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 72:1-9 Corwin, D. L., and S. A. Bradford. 2008. Environmental Impacts and Sustainability of degraded water reuse. J. Environ Qual. 37:51-57. Das, N.N. B.P. Mohanty, M.H. Cosh, and T.J. Jackson. 2008. Modeling and Assimilation of Root Zone Soil Moisture Using Remote Sensing Observations in Walnut Gulch Watershed During SMEX04. Remote Sensing Environ. 112(2):415-429. Das, N.N., and B.P. Mohanty. 2008. Temporal Dynamics of PSR-Based Soil Moisture Across Spatial Scales in an Agricultural Landscape During SMEX02: A Wavelet Approach. Remote Sensing Environ. 112(2):522-534. Das, N.N., B.P. Mohanty, and E.G. Njoku. 2008. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo Algorithm for Upscaled Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere-Transfer Modeling to Evaluate Satellite-Based Soil Moisture Measurements. Water Resour. Res. 44, 10.1029/2008WR006472. De Silva, M.S., M. H. Nachabe, J. `imonek, and R. Carnahan. 2008. Simulating root water uptake from a heterogeneous vegetative cover, J. Irrig. Drain. Engin.-ASCE, 134(2), 167-174, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2008)134:2(167). Devitt, D.A., M.H. Young, M. Baghzouz, and B.M. Bird. 2008. Surface temperature, heat loading, and spectral reflectance of artificial turfgrass. J. Turfgrass and Sports Surface Science. 83:68-82. Fan, Z., and F.X.M. Casey. 2008. Estimating Solute Transport Parameters Using Stochastic Ranking Evolutionary Strategy. Vadose Zone J. 7:124-130. Fan, Z., F.X.M. Casey, H. Hakk, and G.L. Larsen. 2008. Modeling Coupled Degradation, Sorption, and Transport of 17beta-Estradiol in Undisturbed Soil. Water Resour. Res. 44:W08424, doi:10.1029/2007WR006407. Fang, Q., L. Ma, Qiang Yu, R. W. Malone, Saseendran, S. A., and L. R. Ahuja. 2008. Modeling nitrogen and water management effects in a wheat-maize double-cropping system. J. Environ. Qual. 37:2232-2242 Farahbakhshazad, N., Dinnes, D.L., Li, C., Jaynes, D.B. and Salas, W. 2008. Modeling biochemical impacts of alternative management practices for a row-cop field in Iowa agriculture. Ecosys. Environ. 123(1-3):30-48. Flury, M. and Qiu, H., 2008. Modeling colloid-facilitated contaminant transport in the vadose zone. Vadose Zone J. 7:682-697. Gao, Z., D. H. Lenschow, R. Horton, M. Zhou, L. Wang, and J. Wen. 2008. Comparison of two soil temperature algorithms for a bare ground site on the Loess Plateau in China. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D18105, doi:10.1029/2008JD010285. Gao, Z., R. Horton, L. Wang, H. Liu, and J. Wen. 2008. An improved force-restore method for soil temperature prediction. European J. of Soil Science 59: 972981. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2008.01060.x. Gargiulo, G., S. A. Bradford, J. Simunek, P. Ustohal, H. Vereecken, and E. Klumpp. 2008. Bacteria transport and deposition under unsaturated flow conditions: The role of water content and bacteria surface hydrophobicity. Vadose Zone J. 7:406-419. Gieselman, H., J.L. Heitman, and R. Horton. 2008. Effect of a hydrophobic layer on the upward movement of water under freezing conditions. Soil Sci. 173:297-305. Goldberg, S.R., Suarez, D.L., Shouse, P.J. 2008. Influence of soil solution salinity on boron adsorption by soils. Soil Sci. 173:368-374. Gowda, P., Mulla, D.J., Jaynes, D.B, and Ahuja, L.R. 2008. 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SSSA International Annual Meeting, Houston, TX, October 5-9, 2008. Berger, P.A., R. Heinse, H. Abdu, M. Tuller, S.B. Jones, M.G. Schaap, and J.F. Artiola. 2008.Geophysical Characterization of Inactive Mine Tailings A First Step for Economical Design of Vegetative Covers. AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, December 10-19. Berger, P.A., R. Heinse, M. Tuller, S.B. Jones, M.G. Schaap, and J.F. Artiola, 2008. Physical and Hydrological Characterization of Mine Tailings - A First Step for Revegetation with Native Plant Communities. SSSA International Annual Meeting, Houston, TX, October 5-9. Casey, F.X.M., H. Hakk, G. Larsen, T. DeSutter, E. Khan, and P.G. Oduor. 2008. Reproductive Hormones in the Environment. In Annual Meetings Abstracts [CD-ROM]. Joint Annual Meetings of Geol. Soc. Am. Agron. Soc. Am., Crop Sci. Soc. Am., and Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Houston, October 5-9. Casey, F.X.M., T. DeSutter, E. Khan, P. Oduor, H. Hakk, and G.L. Larsen. 2008c. Fate and Transport of Reproductive Hormone. National Science Foundation Poster Session. In Annual Meetings Abstracts [CD-ROM]. Joint Annual Meetings of Geol. Soc. Am. Agron. Soc. Am., Crop Sci. Soc. Am., and Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Houston, October 5-9. Chen Lopez, J.C., P. Waller, G. Giacomelli, and M. Tuller, 2008. Physical Characterization of Greenhouse Substrates for Automated Irrigation Management. ISHS International Workshop on Greenhouse Environmental Control and Crop Production in Semi-Arid Regions, Tucson, AZ, October 20-24. Cheyns, K., J. Mertens, J. `imunek, E. Smolders and D. Springael, Describing pesticide degradation using Monod kinetics: information from batch and column data, The Second HYDRUS Workshop, March 28, 2008, Dept. of Soil Science and Geology, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 12. De Wilde, T., J. Mertens, J. `imonek, K. Sniegowksi, P. Spanoghe, J. Ryckeboer, P. Jaeken, and D. Springael, Evaluating sorption and degradation characteristics of pesticides using column displacement experiments, The Second HYDRUS Workshop, March 28, Dept. of Soil Science and Geology, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 11. Derby, N.E., and F.X.M. Casey. 2008. Occurrence of Hormones in Leachate and Shallow Groundwater Under a Concentrated Swine Feeding Operation. In Annual Meetings Abstracts [CD-ROM]. Joint Annual Meetings of Geol. Soc. Am. Agron. Soc. Am., Crop Soc. Am., and Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Houston, October 5-9. Guber, A.K., M. Tuller, M.A. Martin, F. San Jose Martinez, and Y.A. Pachepsky. 2008. Using X-Ray Computed Tomography Visualizations of Large Soil Columns to Study Hydropedologic Relationships at the Horizon Scale. 1st International Hydropedology Conference, University Park, Pennsylvania, July 28-31. Heinse, R., S.B. Jones, D. Or, M. Tuller, T.S. Topham, I. Podolsky, and G. Bingham, 2008. Challenges of Watering Plants in Space: Water Retention and Distribution What Have We Learned? 37th Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) Scientific Assembly, Montreal, Canada, 13-20 July. Hicks, R. T., D. T. Hamilton, and J. `imonek, Using APIs AMIGO Produced Water Release Decision Tool, 15th annual International Petroleum & BioFuels Environmental Conference (IPEC), Albuquerque, New Mexico, November 11-13. Hopmans, J. G. J. Kluitenberg, J. `imonek, B. Shaw, G. Pasternack, A. Tuli, and T. Kamai, Development of multi-functional heat pulse probe for soil monitoring of natural and managed ecosystems, Soil Science Society America annual meeting, Agronomy Abstracts, published on a CD-ROM as abstract 699-22, ASA, Madison, WI. Iassonov, P., and M. Tuller. 2008. Evaluation of Segmentation Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of X-Ray CT Images of Geological Materials. XVII International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources (CMWR), San Francisco, CA, July 6-10. Iassonov, P., and M. Tuller. 2008. Recent Advances in Quantitative Image Processing. Synchrotron Environmental Science IV (SESIV) Meeting, San Francisco, CA, December 11-13. Iassonov, P., and M. Tuller. 2008. Segmentation of X-Ray Computed Tomography Images: A Crucial Step for Quantitative Analysis of Porous Structures. SSSA International Annual Meeting, Houston, TX, October 5-9. Jacques, D., J. `imonek, D. Mallants, and M. Th. van Genuchten, Simulation of the effect of time-variable water flow on the speciation and mobility of reactive elements in soil, The Second HYDRUS Workshop, March 28, 2008, Dept. of Soil Science and Geology, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 21. Jones, S.B., M. Tuller, and D. Or. 2008. Liquid Imbibition in Particulate Porous Media in Microgravity. 37th Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) Scientific Assembly, Montreal, Canada, 13-20 July. Kodeaová, R., M. Ko árek, J. Kozák, V. Kodea, J. `imonek, N. Vignozzi, and M. Pagliai, Impact of soil micro-morphological features on character of water flow and solute transport, The Second HYDRUS Workshop, March 28, 2008, Dept. of Soil Science and Geology, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 9. Lazarovic, N., and J. `imonek. 2008. Models for estimating root water uptake, WIMEK-NUPUS-PE&RC Workshop Roots - an interdisciplinary link, September 10  12. WICC, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Martin, M.A., F. San Jose Martinez, F.J. Caniego, M. Tuller, A. Guber, C. Garcia-Gutierrez, and Y. Pachepsky. 2008. Macroporosity of 2-D Cross Sections of Soil Columns via X-ray CT: Multifractal Statistics and Long Range Correlations for Assessing 3-D Soil Pore Structure. XVII International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources (CMWR), San Francisco, CA, July 6-10. Matthees, H., D.G. Hopkins, and F.X.M. Casey. 2008. Soil Properties Influencing Restoration of Oil Access Roads in Western North Dakota. In Annual Meetings Abstracts [CD-ROM]. Joint Annual Meetings of Geol. Soc. Am. Agron. Soc. Am., Crop Sci. Soc. Am., and Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Houston, October 5-9. Moreno, H., J. M. H. Hendrickx, H. Xie, and J. `imonek. 2008. Global prediction of thermal regimes in bare soils, SPIE Defense and Security Conference, March. Pachepsky, Ya., A. Guber, M. T. Van Genuchten, J. `imonek, T. Gish, T. J. Nicholson, and R. E. Cady. 2008. Multimodeling and concurrent use of models for flow and transport in vadose zone, NGWA (the National Ground Water Association) 2008 Ground Water Summit, Memphis, Tennessee, March 30 - April 3. Saito, H., M. Sakai, J. `imonek, and N. Toride. 2008. Numerical Analysis of Simultaneous Movement of Water, Vapor and Heat in Soils in Deserts using HYDRUS, Desert Technology 9, Douz, Tunisia, Nov. 13-16. Saito, H., M. Sakai, J. `imonek, N. Toride. 2008. Numerical analysis of one-dimensional coupled water, vapor and heat transport in the unsaturated zone using HYDRUS, Japan Geoscience Union Meeting, Makuhari, May 25-30. Saito, H., N. K. Twarakavi, and J. `imonek. 2008. Characterizing spatial variability of soil hydraulic properties using pedotransfer function and geostatistics, Soil Science Society America annual meeting, Agronomy Abstracts, published on a CD-ROM as abstract 577-3, ASA, Madison. Sakai, M, J. Simunek, and H. Saito. 2008. Boundary Conditions at the Soil-Atmosphere Interface from Meteorological Data Using HYDRUS-1D, Eos Trans. AGU, 89(53), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract H13A-0872. Sakai, M., J. `imonek, and H. Saito. 2008. Evaluating Evapotranspiration from Meteorological Data Using HYDRUS-1D, The Second HYDRUS Workshop, March 28, Dept. of Soil Science and Geology, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 22. Sakai, M., K. Nakano, J. `imonek, and N. Toride. 2008. Numerical analysis of water flow in root zone using meteorological data, Soil Science Society America annual meeting, Agronomy Abstracts, published on a CD-ROM as abstract 783-2, ASA, Madison. Sansoulet J., F. Feder, J. `imonek, V. Bochu, A. Findeling, and E. Doelsch. 2008. Transport of Reactive Anions and Cations in a Volcanic Soil: Experiments and Modelling, ECSSS EUROSOIL 2008, Control No. 2008-A-101-EUROSOIL, Vienna, Austria, August 25-29. Sansoulet, J., Y.-M. Cabidoche, P. Cattan, S. Ruy, and J. `imonek. 2008. Spatially distributed water fluxes in an Andisol under banana plants: Experiments and 3D modeling, abstract 246,13th IWRA World Water Congress, Montpellier, France, 1-4 September. Schuh, M., F.X.M. Casey, and H. Hakk. 2008. Farm-Scale Reconnaissance of Estrogens in Subsurface Waters. In Annual Meetings Abstracts [CD-ROM]. Joint Annual Meetings of Geol. Soc. Am. Agron. Soc. Am., Crop Sci. Soc. Am., and Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Houston, October 5-9. Seshadri, S., R.C. Anderson, M. Schaap, V. Baker, J. Dohm, M. Tuller, K.B. Chin, and M. Buehler. 2008. Detecting Water/Ice in Planetary Regoliths Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy. 39th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (LPSC), League City, Texas, 10-14 March. `imonek, J. and J. W. Hopmans, Compensated water and solute root water uptake, Invited presentation, Proceedings of the XVII. International Conference Computational Methods in Water Resources, July 6-10, San Francisco. `imonek, J., M. `ejna, and M. Th. van Genuchten. 2008. New Features and New Developments in HYDRUS Software Packages, The Second HYDRUS Workshop, March 28, Dept. of Soil Science and Geology, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 6. `imonek, J., M. Th. van Genuchten, and M. `ejna. 2008. Modeling nonequilibrium and preferential flow and transport with HYDRUS, Invited presentation, Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 10, EGU2008-A-01730, SRef-ID: 1607-7962/gra/EGU2008-A-01730, EGU General Assembly. `imonek, J., M. Th. van Genuchten, and M. `ejna 2008. Modeling nonequilibrium and preferential flow and transport with HYDRUS, Soil Science Society America annual meeting, Agronomy Abstracts, published on a CD-ROM as abstract 783-3, ASA, Madison. Siripattanakul, S., W. Wirojanagud, J.M. McEvoy, F.X.M. Casey, and E. Khan. 2008. Atrazine Removal in Agricultural Infiltrate by Bioaugmented Polyvinyl Alcohol Immobilized and Free Agrobacterium radiobacter J14a: A Sand Column Study. Chemosphere 74:308-313. Epub Oct 10. Torkzaban, S, S. Bradford, J. Simunek. 2008. Factors Influencing Colloid Transport and Retention in Saturated Porous Media, Eos Trans. AGU, 89(53), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract H52A-06 (Invited presentation). Tuller, M., and Th. Gebrenegus, 2008. Polypropylene Fiber Amendments to Alleviate Initiation and Evolution of Dessication Cracks in Bentonite Liners. SSSA International Annual Meeting, Houston, TX, October 5-9. Tuller, M., P. Iassonov, and Th. Gebrenegus. 2008. Advanced Techniques for Segmentation of X-Ray Computed Tomography Images of Geomaterials. AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, December 10-19. Twarakavi, N. K. C. and J. Simunek. 2008. A coupled modeling approach for incorporating variably-saturated water flow and solute transport in ground water models, MODFLOW and More: Ground Water and Public Policy, The International Ground-Water Modeling Center (IGWMC), Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, May 19-21. Twarakavi, N. K. C., and J. `imonek. 2008. A coupled modeling approach for incorporating variably saturated water flow and solute transport in ground water models, Proceedings of the XVII. International Conference Computational Methods in Water Resources, July 6-10, 2008, San Francisco. Twarakavi, N. K. C., J. `imonek, and S. Seo. 2008. A HYDRUS based approach for coupled modeling of vadose zone and ground water flow at different scales, The Second HYDRUS Workshop, March 28, 2008, Dept. of Soil Science and Geology, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 14. Twarakavi, N. K.C. and J. `imonek. 2008. A coupled approach to modeling vadose zone and ground water flow and solute transport at different scales, Soil Science Society America annual meeting, Agronomy Abstracts, published on a CD-ROM as abstract 783-4, ASA, Madison. van Genuchten, M. Th., and J. `imonek. 2008. On the characterization and inverse estimation of the unsaturated soil hydraulic properties, Soil Science Society America annual meeting, Agronomy Abstracts, published on a CD-ROM as abstract 575-9, ASA, Madison. Viola, R., P. Macini, E. Mesini, and M. Tuller, 2008. Non-Darcy Flow: Correlation between Inertial Coefficient and Particle Size Distribution of Unconsolidated Porous Media. SSSA International Annual Meeting, Houston, TX, October 5-9.