Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Short Term Outcomes & Activities

Research at Oregon State University has found that sulforaphane, a chemical found cruciferous vegetables is also an HDAC inhibitor, increases acetylated histone levels and has anti-cancer properties in the prostate. Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli. This anticarcinogen was first identified as a potent inducer of Phase 2 enzymes, but evidence is mounting that SFN acts through other cancer chemopreventive mechanisms. They recently reported on a novel mechanism of chemoprotection by SFN in human colon cancer cells and prostate epithelial cells, namely the inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC). In human subjects, they report that a single dose of 68 g BroccoSprouts® inhibited HDAC activity significantly in peripheral mononuclear cells, 3 and 6 h following consumption. They have also developed HPLC-mass spec methods for identifying SFN and its metabolites in plasma and urine. A significant increase in urinary and plasma SFN and metabolites can be found following broccoli sprout consumption. Sustained consumption of broccoli sprouts for 7 days resulted in increased acetylated histones for up to 72hrs. These findings provide evidence that one mechanism through which SFN acts as a cancer chemopreventive agent in vivo is through the inhibition of HDAC activity. Moreover, the data suggest that HDAC activity in PBMC may be used as a biomarker for assessing exposure to novel dietary HDAC inhibitors in human subjects.

Also in the area of diet, phytochemicals and cancer prevention, work from the Thomson laboratory at University of Arizona has provided strong data in support of the use of bioactive food components for cancer prevention. They have completed the following: 1) Submission of a competitive grant application to the USDA Bioactive Food Compounds funding mechanism January, 2007 titled, "Role of vegetables in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in overweight, post-menopausal women: a Dose-response study". Funding to begin December 1, 2007. 2) Completed a randomized, placebo-controlled green tea study in overweight breast cancer survivors. Preliminary results presented in abstract form at AICR, Washington, DC November 2-3, 2007. Primary results paper submitted to Amer J Clin Nutr November, 2007. 3) Completed a randomized, controlled, crossover feeding study of standard and high lycopene tomatoes among healthy adults. Preliminary results presented in abstract-poster form at the New Frontiers in Nutrition Science meeting, Tucson, AZ, October, 2007; primary results paper under development. 4) Participated as a co-investigator in the 8 year high fruit and vegetable intervention among breast cancer survivors  the Womens Healthy Eating and Living Study  final study results were published in JAMA July 17, 2007. 5) Lead author on the Womens Health initiative paper analyzing dietary associations with other cancer outcomes  published in JNCI October, 2007. A recent collaboration between Oregon and Arizona has begun and a joint NIH grant on vegetable intake and breast cancer recurrence will be re-submitted by the Ho and Thomson laboratories.

In Nebraska, dietary intakes and plasma concentrations of folate of 54 seemingly healthy Korean children, aged 2-6 years, were determined. Over half of the subjects consumed < Korean Estimated Average Requirements for folate. One subject was found to have a plasma folate concentration indicative of folate deficiency, while 24% of subjects had concentrations representative of marginal folate status. Anthropometric indices and selected nutrient intakes of 136 of these Korean young children were determined. Two percent of the subjects were obese and 8%, overweight. The energy intakes of over half the subjects were < Korean Estimated Average Requirements. The vitamin E intakes of 65% of subjects were < Korean Adequate Intake and about half the subjects consumed < Korean Estimated Average Requirement for calcium and for folate, but all consumed > Korean Estimated Average Requirement for protein. The vitamin and mineral supplementation habits of 61 homebound elderly subjects living in Omaha, Nebraska were determined. Forty-seven percent of the subjects reported taking vitamin and mineral supplements. The predominate reason given for use and non-use of these supplements was because they were prescribed or recommended. The most frequently used individual vitamin or mineral supplements were calcium, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin C. Most subjects received their information regarding supplements from a health care professional, most often a physician.

Also at University of Arizona, the Winzerling laboratory is contributing this year in the area of comparative iron metabolism in insect disease vectors (mosquitoes) and in the area of prebiotics. Their work in mosquitoes is directed toward evaluating the role of ferritin in these animals. Female mosquitoes blood feed to complete their lifecycle and thereby receive a high iron load. They have developed mechanisms that allow use of the iron load for egg development while avoiding oxidative stress. This year we reported that the majority of iron absorbed from a blood meal is loaded into ferritin in gut membranes. The iron-loaded ferritin is subsequently secreted into hemolymph (blood) and the iron delivered to the ovaries and eggs. Preliminary studies using RNA interference showed a decrease in egg production with knockdown of the ferritin heavy chain subunit, while ambition of ferritin secretion from mosquito cells resulted in decreased cell viability following iron challenge. These data support the hypothesis that secretion of iron-loaded ferritin is a mechanism whereby mosquito cells prevent iron overload following iron challenge and that secreted ferritin is a primary iron transport protein in these animals.

In Oklahoma, the Stoecker lab is provided data in support of the potential for certain dietary components to ameliorate inflammation and the effects of contaminants on bone quality. For example, cadmium (Cd) has detrimental effects on bone; however, Cd toxicity may be affected by other dietary components. We examined dietary supplementation effects of potassium phosphate (KPhos) and/or dried plum (DP) on Cd-induced bone damage. Fifty, 90 day-old ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to five treatments (n=10): 1) control, 2) 50 mg Cd/kg diet, 3) 50 mg Cd and 12 g potassium phosphate/kg diet (KPhos), 4) 200 mg Cd/kg, and 5) 200 mg Cd and 12 g KPhos/kg diet. After 45 days, half the rats in each treatment had 15% DP added to diets for 3 more months. Femora and L4 vertebra were scanned using microcomputed tomography (uCT) to assess cortical bone and microarchitecture of the trabecular bone respectively. Bone strength was evaluated using finite element analysis. Cortical thickness was decreased by Cd and by KPhos (p < 0.0001) but increased by DP (p<0.003). Several parameters of trabecular bone microarchitecture, including bone volume fraction, trabecular separation and connectivity density were impaired synergistically by Cd and by high KPhos. Dried plum provided little improvement in trabecular microarchitecture in the presence of high dietary phosphorus; however, with higher dietary Ca/P ratios, DP frequently maintained trabecular microarchitecutre in rats fed 50 ppm Cd but not in those fed 200 ppm Cd. Force to compress L4 trabecular bone was consistent with microarchitectural parameters in showing significant detrimental effects of Cd and KPhos and beneficial effects of DP in the Cd-0 and Cd-50 groups when high KPhos was not fed. In international work, bioavailability of zinc and the effects of zinc status on cognition are being investigated in women in Ethiopia who are severely zinc deficient. The relation between zinc status and cognitive function was examined in a cross-sectional study in the Sidama area of the Southern Nations and Nationalities Peoples Region (SNNPR) of Ethiopia. Pregnant women >24 weeks of gestation from three adjacent rural villages volunteered to participate. Mean (± SD) plasma Zn of 89 women was 6.99 (± 1.09) µmol/l [well below the 2.5 percentile for stage of gestation]. The Ravens Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM) test was administered individually. Scores for the Ravens scale A, which is the simplest scale, ranged from 4 to 10 of a possible 12. Women with plasma zinc > 7.6 µmol/l had significantly higher Ravens CPM scale A scores than women with plasma zinc concentrations < 7.6 µmol/l. Plasma zinc and age predicted 16% of the variation in Ravens CPM scale A scores. We conclude that zinc deficiency is associated with impaired cognition. A NIH-funded studied of effects of zinc on maternal and infant cognition is beginning in 2008.

At Purdue, postmenopausal women are being screened for their ability to produce the active metabolite, equol, to evaluate the effect on bone resorption. They are screening women to enroll 10 equol producers and 10 non-equol producers to a study testing calcium absorption and bone resorption in response to soy isoflavone consumption.

At University of Connecticut, collaborative work between the Bruno and Koo laboratories are being conducted to determine whether, green tea catechins, EGCG and EC, inhibit the absorption of CH and other lipids and compare their relative inhibitory effects with green tea extract (GTE). Male rats with lymph cannula were infused at 3.0 mL/h for 8 h via a duodenal catheter with a lipid emulsion containing 14C-CH, triolein (OA), alpha-tocopherol (TP), and Na-taurocholate in PBS buffer (pH, 6.0), with 153 micromol EGCG, EC, 207 mg GTE containing 153 micromol EGCG, or no catechin (control). The absorption of 14C-CH was significantly lower in rats infused with EGCG (27.7% dose), EC (29.9%), and GTE (19.5 %) than in those infused with the lipid emulsion alone (39.4%). EGCG and EC did not significantly affect the lymphatic outputs of TP, whereas GTE markedly lowered its output (EGCG, 17.0%; EC, 19.5%; GTE, 5.5%) compared with control (22.1% dose). Similarly, the lymphatic outputs of OA and phosphatidylcholine also were significantly lowered by GTE, but not affected by EGCG or EC. The results indicate that both EGCG and EC, when singly administered, inhibit the intestinal absorption of CH with little effect on other lipids. However, GTE is effective in inhibiting the absorption of all lipids tested, indicating that catechins and other constituents, as present in GTE, have a synergistic and more potent inhibitory effect on intestinal lipid absorption. Study 2: This study was conducted to determine the effect of GTE on lipid metabolism in fructose-fed OX rats. OX rats were assigned to the following groups with 7 each: 1) a starch (S) group fed the AIN-93G diet with corn starch as the major carbohydrate source; 2) a fructose (F) group fed the same diet but with 60% F; 3) a group fed the F diet containing 0.5% GTE; and 4) another group fed the F diet containing 1% GTE. At 6 wk, plasma and liver TG and cholesterol (CH), plasma HDL-C, and expression of liver SREBP1c and related genes were determined. Fructose feeding significantly elevated plasma TG and TC compared with the S control. GTE at 0.5 and 1.0% markedly lowered plasma TG and liver TG and CH. GTE at 1.0% increased plasma CH with an increase in HDL-C, compared with the F control. Fructose feeding significantly increased the abundance of liver SREBP1c, fatty acid synthase (FAS), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) mRNAs compared with the S control, whereas GTE decreased SREBP1c and FAS mRNAs and tended to decrease SCD1 mRNA. GT at 0.5% significantly decreased HMG-CoA reductase mRNA compared with the F control. GT did not alter the expression of intestinal NPC1L1, SR-B1, and ABCA1. The results, coupled with our earlier findings, suggest that the TG-lowering effect of GTE is mediated partly via its inhibition of intestinal absorption and liver synthesis of lipids involving SREBP1 and its responsive genes.

In addition, the Bruno laboratory found that dietary supplementation of green tea extract (GTE), comprised of 30% polyphenolic catechins, protected against the development of hepatic steatosis in obese (ob/ob) mice, a mouse model highly vulnerable to the development of NAFLD. Histologic evidence clearly indicated that obese mice fed GTE at 1 or 2% (w/w), the equivalent of 7-14 cups of green tea in humans, reduced the severity of macrovesicular hepatic steatosis compared to obese mice fed no GTE. Concomitantly, GTE reduced hepatic total lipid and triglyceride accumulation and both were highly correlated (p < 0.05) with histologic hepatic steatosis scores thereby providing compelling evidence of the protective effect of GTE against NAFLD. Moreover, GTE protected against hepatic injury as suggested by 30-41% and 22-33% reductions in serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities, respectively. The mechanism for the protective effect of GTE is being actively investigated, but was likely mediated in part by the body-weight lowering actions of GTE. Indeed, the body weights of obese mice fed GTE at 1 or 2% were 22-25% lower (p < 0.05) than obese controls and occurred in the absence of unaltered food intake suggesting that GTE regulated hepatic lipid accumulation independent of food intake. It was expected that the improvement in body mass would have restored serum adiponectin, but serum adiponectin was lower in obese mice compared to lean littermates and was unaffected by GTE in either genotype. Hepatic ±-tocopherol, vitamin C, and uric acid were evaluated to determine the potential GTE antioxidant mechanism. Surprisingly, GTE did not improve hepatic antioxidant concentrations and GTE tended to reduce (p = 0.06) hepatic ±-tocopherol concentrations consistent with hepatic lipid lowering effects of GTE. Thus, the findings of this project suggest that GTE protects against NAFLD by limiting hepatic lipid accumulation and injury without affecting hepatic antioxidant status and adiponectin-mediated lipid metabolism. Further study is underway to define the events by which GTE protects against obesity-triggered NAFLD.

In California, the Shane laboratory at UC Berkeley have continued studies on the metabolic and nutritional effects of common polymorphisms in human folate-related genes that have been shown to influence disease risk. They have continued to develop mouse models to evaluate the interaction of B12-dependent methionine synthase (MS) and methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms and on their effects on metabolism and how this is modified by nutritional status. One carbon metabolic fluxes and DNA and histone methylation has been evaluated in these animals and in embryonic fibroblasts. We have investigated the influence of folate and vitamin B12 status in our experimental animals using cDNA array technology and have identified a number of inflammatory response genes that are responsive to vitamin status. They continue to evaluate genetic risk factors for neural tube defects. They are attempting to identify modifier genes which influence folate status, homocysteine levels, and methylation potential using a number of mouse strains, and are evaluating the interaction between iron and folate status. Mathematical models are being developed to better understand regulatory aspects of one carbon metabolism. At UC Davis, the Clifford laboratory is continuing modeling work with folate metabolism and SNPs. At the end of the project we will have kinetic models of the interactions of SNPs on 5-MTHF versus FA metabolism in humans that will clarify inter-individual responses for the development of improved strategies to minimize the risk of NTDs, age-related diseases and poor folate status. They may also have newly identified SNPs of the RFC1 that affect folate homeostasis. In summary we will know whether the main and interactive effects of genetic polymorphisms in folate relevant enzymes are significant determinants of the dynamic and kinetic behavior of folate (natural versus synthetic folate) metabolism as it might occur in vivo in humans.

Outputs

Major outputs are the generation of research data, book chapters, peer-reviewed publications and presentations at scientific meetings Website has also been maintained by Ann Bock at New Mexico State University for outreach purposes. New collaborative projects have also been established with joint papers and joint grants.

Milestones

Renewal multistate project for 2008. Continue with collaborative studies and submit joint grants through Fall 2008. Researchers will continue with publication of peer-reviewed articles, with an increase in joint publications between collaborative stations.

Abebe Y, Bogale A, Hambidge M, Stoecker BJ, Bailey K, Gibson RS. Phytate, zinc, iron and calcium content of selected raw and prepared foods consumed in rural Sidama, Southern Ethiopia, and implications for bioavailability. J Food Comp Anal,20:161-168, 2007.

Braun M, Palacios C, Wigertz K, Jackman LA, Bryant RJ, McCabe LD, Martin BR, McCabe GP, Peacock M, Weaver CM. Racial differences in skeletal calcium retention in adolescent girls on a range of controlled calcium intakes. Am J Clin Nutr, 85:1657-63, 2007.

Bruno RS, Dugan CE, Smyth JA, DiNatale DA., and Koo SI. Green tea extract protects against hepatic steatosis and injury in leptin deficient, spontaneously obese mice. J Nutr, (in press), 2007.

Bu SY, Lerner M, Stoecker BJ, Boldrin E, Brackett DJ, Lucas EA, Smith, BJ. Dried plum polyphenols inhibit osteoclastogenesis under oxidative stress and inflammatory condition. (Submitted to Bone, 2007). Caire-Juvera G, Arendell LA, Maskarinec G, Thomson CA, Chen Z. Associations between mammographic density and body composition in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White women by menopausal status. Menopause, (accepted June 2007).

Camporeale G, Oommen AM, Griffin JB, Sarath G, Zempleni J. K12-biotinylated histone H4 marks heterochromatin in human lymphoblastoma cells. J Nutr Biochem. 11:760-8, 2007. [Epub 2007 Apr 16]. Camporeale G, Zempleni J, Eissenberg JC.Susceptibility to heat stress and aberrant gene expression patterns in holocarboxylase synthetase-deficient Drosophila melanogaster are caused by decreased biotinylation of histones, not of carboxylases. J Nutr 2007 137(4):885-9, 2007.

Carlstrom J, Symons JD, Wu TC, Bruno RS, Litwin E, Jalili T. A quercetin supplemented diet does not prevent cardiovascular complications in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Nutr, 137(3):628-33, 2007.

Cheong JMK, Martin BR, Jackson GS, Elmore D, McCabe GP, Nolan JR, Barnes S, Peacock M, Weaver, CM. Soy isoflavones do not affect bone resorption in postmenopausal women: A dose response study using a novel approach with 41Ca. J Clin Endocrin Metab, 92:577-585, 2007.

Chew YC, Sarath G, Zempleni J.An avidin-based assay for histone debiotinylase activity in human cell nuclei. J Nutr Biochem, 18(7):475-81, 2007. [Epub 2006 Dec 6].

Clifford AJ, de Moura FF, Ho CC, Chuang JC, Follett J, Fadel JG, Novotny JA. A feasibility study quantifying in vivo human alpha-tocopherol metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr, 84(6):1430-41, 2006.

Dashwood RH and HoE. Dietary Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors: From Cells to Mice to Man. Seminars in Cancer Biology, 17(5):363-9, 2007.

Driskell JA, Meckna BR, Scales NE. Differences exist in the eating habits of university men and women at fast-food restaurants. Nutr Res, 26:524-530, 2006.

Droke EA, Hager KA, Lerner MR, Lightfoot SA, Stoecker BJ, Brackett DJ, Smith BJ. Soy isoflavones avert chronic inflammation-induced bone loss and vascular disease. J Inflammation, (Lond) (In Press, 2007).

Geiser DL, Mayo JJ, Shen M-C and Winzerling J. The unique regulation of Aedes aegypti larval cell ferritin by iron. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 37(5):418-29, 2007.

Geiser DL, Zhang D and Winzerling J. Ferritin secretion: Mosquito cell respond to an iron load. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 36(3):177-87, 2006.

Gibson RS, Abebe Y, Stabler S, Allen RH, Westcott J, Stoecker BJ, Krebs NF, Hambidge KM. Zinc, gravida, infection and iron but not B-12 or folate status predict hemoglobin during pregnancy in southern Ethiopia. (Submitted to Journal of Nutrition, 2007).

Gregory-Mercado K, Staten LK, Gillespie C, Thomson CA, Ranger-Moore J, Giuliano A, Will J, Ford E, Marshall J. Ethnicity and nutrient inadequacies among Arizona WISEWOMAN participants. J Womens Health (Larchmt), May 2007.

Gunther CW, Legowski, PA, McCabe LD, McCabe GP, Peacock M, Lyle RM, Weaver CM, Teegarden, D. Parathyroid hormone is associated with decreased fat mass in young health women. Int J Obesity, 30:94-99, 2006.

Herring TA, Cuppett SL, Zempleni J. Genomic implications of H(2)O (2) for cell proliferation and growth of Caco-2 cells. Dig Dis Sci,52(11):3005-15, 2007. [Epub June 28, 2007].

Ho CC, de Moura FF, Kim SH, Clifford AJ.Excentral cleavage of beta-carotene in vivo in a healthy man. Am J Clin Nutr, 85(3):770-7, 2007.

Hollis N, Cussler E, Rock C, Flatt SW, Pierce JP and Thomson CA. Plasma carotenoids are associated with reduced oxidative stress in women previously treated for breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 16:2008-15, 2007.

Hong S, Bardwell WA, Natarajan L, Flatt S, Rock CL, Newman V, Madlensky L, Mills PJ, Dimsdale JE, Thomson CA, Hajek RA, Chilton JA, Pierce JP. Correlates of Physical Activity Level in Breast Cancer Survivors Participating in the Womens Healthy Eating and Living Study (WHEL). Breast Cancer Research & Treatment, 101(2):225-232, 2007.

Kennedy TS, Thomas DG, Wogene T, Abebe Y, Hubbs-Tait L, Stoecker BJ, Hambidge KM. Growth and visual information processing in infants in southern Ethiopia. J Applied Develop Psych, (In Press, 2007).

Kim Y-N, Giraud DW, and Driskell JA. Tocopherol and carotenoid contents of selected Korean cooked combination foods consumed by young Korean children. Nutr Sci, 9:323-329, 2006.

Kim Y-N, Giraud DW, Driskell JA. Tocopherol and carotenoid contents of selected Korean fruits and vegetables. J Food Compos Anal, 20:458-465, 2007.

Kim Y-N, Lee J-Y, Driskell JA. Marginal folate inadequacy observed in a group of young children in Kwangju, Korea. Nutr Res Practice, 2:120-125, 2007.

Koo SI and Noh SK. Green tea as inhibitor of the intestinal absorption of lipids: Potential mechanism for its lipid-lowering effect. J Nutr Biochem, 18:179-183, 2007.

Krebs NF, Abebe Y, Hambidge KM, Westcott JE, Stoecker BJ. Zinc intake from human milk and complementary foods in 7 mo old Ethiopian infants. (Submitted to Eur J Clin Nutr, 2007).

Lawrance AK, Deng L, Brody LC, Finnell RH, Shane B and Rozen R. Genetic and nutritional deficiencies in folate metabolism influence tumorigenicity in Apcmin/+ mice. J Nutr Biochem, 18:305-312, 2007.

Lora KL, Morse KL, Gonzalez-Kruger GE, Driskell JA. High saturated fat and cholesterol intakes and abnormal plasma lipid concentrations observed in a group of 4- to 8-year-old children of Latino immigrants in rural Nebraska. Nutr Res, 27:483-491, 2007.

Margolis KL, Rodabough RJ, Thomson CA, Lopez AM, McTiernan A. Prospective Study of Leukocyte Count as a Predictor of Incident Breast, Colorectal, Endometrial and Lung Cancer and Mortality in Postmenopausal Women. (For the WHI Research Group). Arch of Int Med, 167(17):1837-1844, 2007.

Martin B, Davis S, Campbell W, and Weaver CM. Exercise and calcium supplementation: Effects on calcium homeostasis in sportswomen. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 39:1481-1486, 2007.

Maurer J, Thomson, C, Ranger-Moore J, Teixeira PJ, Lohman TG, Taren D, Cussler E, Going S, Houtkooper L. The Psychosocial and Behavioral Profile and Predictors of Self-Reported Energy Underreporting in Obese Middle-Aged Women. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. (accepted May 2007).

Mulugeta A, Hagos F, Kruseman G, Linderhof V, Stoecker BJ, Abraha Z, Yohannes M, Samuel GG. Factors contributing to child malnutrition in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. (Submitted to East African Medical Journal, 2007).

Mustachich D, Bruno RS, Traber MG. Vitamin E. Vitam Horm, 76:1-21, 2007. (Invited Review).

Myzak MC, Tong P, Dashwood WM, Dashwood RH and Ho E. Sulforaphane retards the growth of human PC-3 prostate cancer xenografts and inhibits HDAC activity in human subjects. Exp Biol Med, 232(2):227-34, 2007.

Nesaretnam K, Koon TH, Selvaduray KR, Bruno RS, Ho E. Modulation of cell growth and apoptosis response in human prostate cancer cells supplemented with tocotrienols. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, accepted pending revisions.

Nielsen FH, Stoecker BJ. Dietary boron and fish oil have different but synergistic effects beneficial to strength and trabecular microarchitecture of bone. (Submitted to Bone, 2007).

Nunn MD, Giraud DW, Parkhurst AM, Hamouz FL, Driskell JA. Effects of cooking methods on sensory qualities and carotenoid retention in selected vegetables. J Food Qual, 29:445-457, 2006.

Owens JE, Holstege DM, Clifford AJ.Comparison of two dietary folate intake instruments and their validation by RBC folate. J Agric Food Chem, 55(9):3737-40, 2007. [Epub 2007 Mar 31].

Owens JE, Holstege DM, Clifford AJ.High-throughput method for the quantitation of total folate in whole blood using LC-MS/MS. J Agric Food Chem, 55(9):3292-7, 2007. [Epub 2007 Mar 31].

Pham DQD, Kos PJ, Mayo JJ, Winzerling JJ. Regulation of the ribonucleotide reductase small subunit (R2) in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti Gene, 372:182-90, 2006.

Pham DQD, Perez VH, Berzin EL, Mayo JJ and Winzerling JJ. Regulation of the ribonucleotide reductase genes in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Submitted 2007.

Pierce JP, Hollenbach K, Caan BJ, Thomson CA, Stefanick M, Karanja N, Gold EB, Jones LA, Hajeck R, Rock CL, Flatt S, Newman V, Faerber S, Wasserman L, Ritenbaugh C, Bardwell WA, Natarajan L, Kealey S, Madlensky L, Parker BA, Wael, Grove KM, Emond J, Marshall J. Telephone counseling helps maintain long-term adherence to a high vegetable dietary pattern. J Nutrition, 137:2291-2296, 2007.

Pierce JP, Natarajan L, Caan BJ, Parker BA, Greenberg ER, Flatt SW, Rock CL, Kealy S, Al-Delaimy WK, Bardwell WA, Carlson R, Emond JA, Faerber S, Gold EB, Hajek RA, Hollenbach K, Jones LA, Karanja N, Madlensky L, Marshall J, Newman VA, Ritenbaugh C, Thomson CA, Wasserman L, Stefanick ML. The influence of a very high vegetable-fruit-fiber, low-fat diet on prognosis following treatment for breast cancer: The Womens Healthy Eating and Living (WHEL) Randomized Trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 298(3):289-298, 2007.

Pierce JP, Newman VA, Natarajan L, Flatt SW, Al-Delaimy WK, Caan BJ, Emond JA, Faerber S, Gold EB, Hajek RA, Hollenbach K, Jones LA, Karanja N, Kealey S, Madlensky L, Marshall J, Ritenbaugh C, Rock CL, Stefanick ML, Thomson CA, Wasserman L, Parker BA. Telephone counseling helps maintain long-term adherence to a high-vegetable dietary pattern. Journal of Nutrition, 137:2291-2296, 2007.

Pierce JP, Stefanick ML, Flatt SW, Natarajan L, Sternfeld B, Madlensky Al-Delaimy W, Thomson CA, Kealey S, Hajek R, Parker BA, Newman VA, Caan B, Rock CR. For the WHEL Study Group. Greater Survival in Physically Active Women with High Vegetable-Fruit Intake Regardless of Obesity in Breast Cancer Cohort. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 25(17):2345-2351, 2007.

Prentice RL, Thomson CA, Caan BJ, Hubbell FA, Anderson GL, Beresford SA, Pettinger M, Lane DS, Lessin L, Yasmeen S, Singh B, Khandekar J, Shikany JM, Satterfield S, Chlebowski RT. Low-Fat Dietary Pattern and Cancer Incidence in the Womens Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial. JNCI, 99:1-10, 2007.

Ramos-Clarmont G, Acedo-Felix ME, Winzerling J and Vazquez-Moreno L. Escherichia coli K88 Interaction with IgA Oligosaccharides. EXCLI Journal, 6:10-22, 2007.

Reinwald S. A longitudinal study of the effect of genistein on bone mass and bone architexture in an innovative perimenopausal mouse model. Doctoral Dissertation, Purdue University, December 2006. Schernhammer E, Wolpin B, Rifai N, Cochrane B, Manson J, Ma J, Giovannucci E, Thomson CA, Stampfer MJ, Fuchs C. Plasma folate, vitamins B6, B12, and homocysteine and pancreatic cancer risk in four large cohorts. Cancer Research, 67(11); 5553-60, 2007.

Smith EM, Hoi JT, Eissenberg JC, Shoemaker JD, Neckameyer WS, Ilvarsonn AM, Harshman LG, Schlegel VL, Zempleni J. Holocarboxylase synthetase regulates expression of biotin transporters by chromatin remodeling events at the SMVT locus. J Nutr Biochem, 2007.

Smith EM, Hoi JT, Eissenberg JC, Shoemaker JD, Neckameyer WS, Ilvarsonn Am, Harshaman LG, Schlegel VL, Zempleni J. Feeding Drosophila a biotin-deficient diet for multiple generations increases stress resistance and lifespan and alters gene expression and histone biotinylation patterns. J Nutr, 137(9):2006-12, 2007.

Soliman AF, Stoecker BJ, Soung DY, Devareddy L, Arjmandi BH. Effects of dietary components on cadmium-induced bone loss in an ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis (Submitted to Calcified Tissue International, 2007).

Stoecker BJ, Abebe Y, Hubbs-Tait L, Kennedy TS, Gibson RS, Krebs NF, Hambidge KM. Zinc status and cognitive function of pregnant women in southern Ethiopia. (Submitted to European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2007).

Thomson CA, Newton TR, Graver EJ, Jackson K, Reid PM, Hartz VL, Cussler EC, Hakim IA. Cruciferous Vegetable Intake Questionnaire Improves Cruciferous Vegetable Intake Estimates. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 107(4):631-643, 2007.

Thomson CA, Rock CL, Caan BJ, Flatt SW, Al-Delaimy WA, Newman VA, Hajek RA, Chilton RJ, Pierce JP. Increase in Cruciferous Vegetable Intake in Women Previously Treated for Breast Cancer Participating in a Dietary Intervention Trial. Nutrition and Cancer, 57(1):11-19, 2007.

Villarreal A, Stoecker BJ, Garcia C, Garcia K, Rios R, Gonzales C, Mandadi K, Faraji B, Patil BS, Deyhim F. Cranberry juice improved antioxidant status without affecting bone quality in orchidectomized male rats. Phytomedicine, 14:815-820, 2007.

Weaver CM, Cheong J, Jackson G, Elmore, D, McCabe G, Martin, B. 3H-tetracycline as a proxy for 41Ca for measuring dietary perturbations of bone resorption. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, 259:1, 790-795, 2007.

Weaver CM, McCabe LD, McCabe GP, Novotny R, Van Loan M, Going S, Matkovic V, Boushey C, Savaiano DA, ACT research team. Bone Mineral and Predictors of Bone Mass in White, Hispanic, and Asian Early Pubertal Girls. Calcif Tissue Int (in press 2007).

Zhao Y, Fleet JC, Adamec J, Terry DE, Zhang X, Kemeh S, Davisson VJ. and Weaver CM. Effects of hindlimb unloading and bisphosphonates on the serum proteome of rats. Bone (accepted 2007).

Zhou G, Kohlhepp P, Geiser DL, Frasquillo C, Vazquez-Moreno L and Winzerling JJ. Fate of blood meal iron in mosquitoes. Journal of Insect Physiology, 53(11):1169-78, 2007.