SAES-422 Multistate Research Activity Accomplishments Report

Sections

Status: Approved

Basic Information

Participants

Abawi, Farouq (fabawi@uog9.uog.edu)- University of Guam Applegate, Todd (applegt@purdue.edu) - Purdue Auvermann, Brent (b-auvermann@tamu.edu) - Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Brown, M. T. University of Florida Classen, John (john_classen@ncsu.edu)- North Carolina State Univ. Cromwell, Gary L. (gcromwel@uky.edu)- Univ. of Kentucky Dávila, Rafael (radavila@upr.edu) - University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus Davis, Jessica (jessica.davis@colostate.edu) - Colorado State University Funk, Ted (funkt@uiuc.edu) - University of Illinois González, Carmen (gonzalezc@uprm.edu) - University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Heflin, Kevin (kheflin@ag.tamu.edu) - Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Hegg, Richard (rhegg@csrees.usda.gov) - USDA-CSREES Hill, David T. (hilldat@auburn.edu) - Auburn University Hubbard,Robert K. (hubbard@tifton.usda.gov) - USDA-ARS Jacobson, Larry D. (Jacob007@umn.edu) - University of Minnesota Keener, Harold M. (keener.3@osu.edu) - Ohio State Univ. Koelsch, Rick (rkoelsch1@unl.edu) - Univ. of Nebraska Lacewell, Ronald (r-lacewell@tamu.edu) - Texas A&M University Liehr, Sarah (Sarah_liehr@ncsu.edu) - North Carolina State Univ. Marek, Gary (gwmarek@ag.tamu.edu) - Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Martínez, Gustavo (tavomarti@hotmail.com) - University of Puerto Rico Mayagüez Campus McCarthy, Annette (annette.mccarthy@fda.hhs.gov) - Federal Drug Administration Meyer, Deanne (dmeyer@ucdavis.edu) - University of California Mukhtar, Saqib (mukhtar@tamu.edu) - Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Newton, Larry (fig@tifton.uga.edu) - University of Georgia Overcash, Michael - North Carolina State Univ. Powers, Wendy (wpowers@msu.edu) - Michigan State University Rice, Mark (mark_rice@ncsu.edu) - North Carolina State Univ. Santini, Raúl (santini_naturales@hotmail.com) - PR Dept. Natural Resources & Environment Sigua, Gilbert C. (gcsigua@ifas.ufl.edu) - USDA-ARS Soderberg, Carl (mendez.sandra@epa.gov) - EPA Vanotti, Matías B. (Matias.vanotti@ars.usda.gov)- USDA-ARS Westerman, Philip (Phil_westernman@ncsu.edu) - North Carolina State Univ. Yang, Ping-Yi (pingyi@hawaii.edu) - University of Hawaii at Manoa

S-1000 Annual Meeting Meeting Minutes Faro Inn Aguadilla, PR 5/1/07 Secretary: Ted Funk Extension Specialist, Agricultural Engineering, Dept. of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign email funkt@uiuc.edu Attendees: see list in Appendix 1 9:00 a.m. Called to order by Chair Todd Applegate Thanks to Carmen Gonzalez-Toro for her efforts in organizing the meeting place and all local arrangements. Introductions Ron Lacewell, Administrative Advisor, Texas A&M University  update on staus of project renewal. Six years are up, including the one-year extension, on September 30, 2007. The Chair of the project writing committee, John Classen, submitted his last edits last week; the project is ready for review (final). A committee of regional peer reviewers is needed. (The committee made suggestions and committed to contact those potential reviewers.) The review goes to the MRC chair, etc. Peer review needs to be done by July 15th. The writing committee responds to suggestions & concerns, with a deadline of 9/30/07. Presentations: see notes in Appendix 2 " 9:13 Michael Overcash Life Cycle Assessment of the Swine Industry --Principles and Research (MS PowerPoint presentation uploaded to S-1000 web site) 10:00 Welcome to Aguadilla by: " Mr. Noland Sanchez, Aguadilla Municipal Government Representative " Dr. John Fernandez Van Cleve, Dean, College of Agriculture Science, UPRM. Presentations: " 10:20 Carl Soderberg, Director, Division Environmental Protection Caribbean, USEPA Puerto Rico  Ecological Footprint of Puerto Rico " 1:00 Mark T. Brown, University of Florida -- Embedded Energy as a Sustainability Measure for AFO Systems: Theory and Methods Brown presentation(s) available at www.emergysystems.org 2;30 Travel to UPR  Mayaguez Campus 3:45 p.m. at University -- General Discussion with questions directed to todays invited speakers 5:00 p.m. adjourn for dinner and poster session on campus May 2, 2007 8:48 a.m. Meeting called to order Auvermann: request for committee sign-up to discuss project formatting and modeling (see May 1 afternoon discussion). Passed around sign-up sheet. " Volunteers: Keener, Applegate, Mukhtar, Auvermann, Powers, Meyer, Classen, Funk, Carmen Gonzalez-Toro Chair Todd Applegate requested a moment of silence in memory of deceased S-1000 member Frank Humenik, NCSU Ron Lacewell  further discussion of new project proposal: he needs to submit the final draft, due from John Classen. Writing team  get back to Lacewell. Wants to turn in final draft by end of next week (May 11). Presentations: " Carmen Gonzalez-Toro, Environmental Education Specialist, UPRM: Overview of Puerto Rico Ag and Environmental issues. " 9:18 a.m. Gustavo Martinez, Soil Chemist, UPR Animal Manure Management Research in PR ANNOUNCEMENTS: Please fill out evaluation form for Carmen. Presentation: " 10:45 a.m. Rafael Davila, UPR Agricultural Waste Management in PR 1:00 p.m. meeting of ad hoc modeling group, to set up Kansas City meeting Aug 14-15. Presentations: " 1:30 p.m. Brent Auvermann, Texas A & M: Impact of Water Use on Ecological Footprint of Cattle Feedlot " 1:20 p.m. John Classen, NCSU. Impacts of Federal Energy Policy and Alternatives May 3, 2007 8:50 a.m. Reconvene Presentations: " Richard Hegg, CSREES, Washington Update " 9:15 Richard Koelsch, University of Nebraska; Livestock and Poultry Environmental Learning Center " 9:48 a.m. Mark Rice, NCSU. Environmental Impacts of Small Livestock and Poultry Operations? " 10:12 a.m. Sarah Liehr, APWMC, NCSU. Response to Livestocks Long Shadow. " 10:46 a.m. Annette McCarthy, FDA. Program Overview. 10:14 a.m. Auvermann  will send URL for example paper on life cycle discussion of corn/ethanol (Patzek, 2007, Natural Resources Research). 10:18 a.m. Applegate convenes business meeting. Meyer  moves that secretary draft letter to Dean of College thanking Carmen for hosting committee meeting and for the location. (Note: completed 5/17/07.) Election of secretary pending approval of project. Saquib Muktar, Texas A&M, was elected secretary for 2007-2008. Site selection for 2008 meeting. Discussion: " meeting objectives, " how location affects objectives, timing; Wed-Thurs-Friday noon " Registration fees appropriate? " Important to keep in perspective the systems analysis v. individual research on technologies. Dont risk losing diversity of the group because of concentration on systems analysis. " Summary presentations by objective and tasks to visiting policymakers at the meeting; poster sessions, other methods for less formal group interactions. " (historical) subgroup discussion meetings with summaries from the subgroups. The negative side of subgroup discussions is that participants cant be everywhere they would like to be. " When to bring in policymakers? Regularly invite agencies, other stakeholders? Probably not ready to make presentations on Objective 1 by next year, but it would be good to have them present to listen to committee progress. " Locations suggested -- Nebraska City / Omaha; Hawaii; California; Auburn? A motion was made to leave to exec committee for deciding location & timing. Motion passed. Discussion related to S-1000 outreach team leadership in LPE Learning Center initiative. " Rotating responsibility v. longer-term for continuity. " S-1000 outputs benefit from exposure through LPE. " Interaction at meeting with the state and federal partners is good within the annual S-1000 meeting. " Plan for eXtension content? FAQ section, need for experts for ask the expert content. Responses are tracked, etc. for benefit of contributors in impact statements. Auvermann moved to authorize immediate past chair and incoming chair to determine how to, and whom, to work with LPE group. Seconded, discussed and passed. Thanks extended to Todd Applegate for executing chairs duties for the year. Adjourned at 11:51 a.m. May 3, 2007. *********************************************************************** Submitted by Ted Funk, 2007 Secretary.

Accomplishments

New management practices for land application of manure were identified and lower-cost nutrient movement prediction tools were developed. Project members investigated new technologies and refined some traditional methods of manure treatment, in order to assist system designers with specifying the tools needed. A comprehensive universal methane productivity equation was developed that will make it easier to design methane production systems for swine, beef, poultry, and dairy farms, in both mesophilic and thermophilic digestion systems. Performance of dairy wastewater lagoon aerators were compared and quantified. An improved multi-stage dairy wastewater digester design was developed. Lower-cost systems and management practices were developed for controlling water runoff from small livestock facilities with outside feedlots. Economic and technical studies of single and multiple farm-scale methane digester implementations were completed. A simplified method for removing ammonia from wastewater prior to discharge was developed. A variety of manure composting management practices was tested to refine the management recommendations for a wide range of compost recipes. A newly isolated treatment bacterium for removing ammonia from livestock wastewater was studied. Project members tested two technologies for removing manure nutrients from dairy lagoon wastewater  electrocoagulation and Geotubes. Project members developed and evaluated vegetated or aquaculture-based treatment systems for treating wastewater and/or runoff, including long-term constructed wetlands treatment, overland flow vegetated buffers, and floating vegetated mats. Several new technologies were brought to the point where they can be considered in economic system analyses, including the culture of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, on feces recovered from a swine barn enables using the larvae to stabilize swine manure while producing a value-added product; a continuous thermochemical conversion process for making crude oil product from animal wastes and other agricultural by-products; and characterization and inventory of total cattle biomass (manure and waste feed) production, including physical location of feedstock. The emission plumes from large dairies with feedlots were characterized using novel measurement techniques. Ammonia emissions from land application sites during and after swine lagoon liquid irrigation were measured. A number of odor and gaseous emission experiments, including lagoon covers, manure pit treatments, spraying poultry litter with amendments, and feeding distillers grains (DDGS), were completed. Project members validated and further refined modeling tools for odor dispersion from livestock production facilities. Beef feedlot management practices, including dietary additives, were described that affect airborne emissions and whole-farm nutrient balance. Wet scrubbers were shown effective for absorbing ammonia emissions from exhaust fan airstreams of poultry buildings. Odors and hydrogen sulfide emissions from large dairy manure storage ponds were observed and the atmospheric conditions delineated that cause the most nuisance downwind from the facilities. Swine facilities were monitored to find correlations between indoor air conditions and presence of Salmonella in the barns. A study of swine barns where the exhaust ventilation air was partitioned between sidewall and pit exhaust demonstrated new possible strategies for managing ventilation systems to reduce odor and greenhouse gas emissions while reducing odor nuisance for neighbors. A field experiment demonstrating a package system of treatments showed the economic benefit for swine lagoons of changing from anaerobic to aerobic treatment, by way of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and capturing carbon credits. A novel management approach for feeding protein levels on beef feedlots was assessed and showed the tradeoffs that occur between phosphorus excretion, gaseous emissions such as ammonia, and odor when using oscillating protein diets. A study comparing high-moisture ensiled corn and dry rolled corn showed potential differences in P excretion, odor and gaseous emissions from the feedlot. The effects of feeding low-phytate corn and low-phytate soybean meal, with and without phytase, on phosphorus excretion by pigs and chicks were further developed and results also include the benefits of feeding pigs low levels of the antibiotic Virginiamycin, for improving phosphorus utilization. A broad sampling of beef feedlot manure and wastewater produced a baseline of concentrations of various commonly used antibiotics. Three commonly used dairy manure management strategies were simulated to determine the persistence of several classes of pathogens. Mycobacyterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis, E. Coli 0157:H7, Listeria mollocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. were monitored through a series of laboratory experiments to determine the effects of high temperature composting treatment compared to low temperature solid and liquid storages. Plans for coming year: Many of the research and extension activities that have not been concluded will continue through 2008. Participants in the committee will continue to work on: " environmentally-sustainable systems and methods for land application of manure; " new and improved technologies for treating manure including ways to create value-added co-products, while protecting surface- and groundwater; " methods and technologies for reducing airborne emissions from livestock facilities, manure storages, and land application sites; and " systems, technologies and management practices to reduce animal excretion of environmentally-sensitive nutrient and non-nutrient manure constituents. New efforts by a broad representation of the committee membership will progress toward integrating systems analysis methods, including protocols for life cycle assessment/analysis (LCA) for the technologies and management systems under study. Persons with backgrounds in economics and ecology will be participating more visibly in this new branch of the committees endeavors.

Impacts

  1. New management practices were identified and lower-cost tools were developed that make it possible for livestock producers to reduce nutrient runoff to surface water, from composting sites and land application sites for manure.
  2. A management zone approach to variable rate manure application will allow livestock producers to optimize soil quality and crop production while reducing runoff of nutrients to surface water. New GPS-based liquid manure spreading systems will help producers with more precise placement of manure nutrients and variable rate applications. Cover crops reduce soil erosion, build soil quality and protect surface water from nutrient runoff. An improved technique of seeding cover crops, manure slurry-enriched micro-site seeding, is shown to be an efficient and lower cost method of cover crop stand establishment.
  3. A comprehensive universal methane productivity equation was developed that will make it easier to design methane production systems for swine, beef, poultry, and dairy farms, in both mesophilic and thermophilic digestion systems
  4. Performance of dairy wastewater lagoon aerators were compared and quantified, indicating the enhancements needed by the manufacturers to make aerators more economical and effective for reducing hydrogen sulfide and ammonia emissions on dairy farms.
  5. Antibiotic resistance in dairy waste lagoons is of interest from the standpoint of animal and human health; quantification of gene resistance to antibiotics from different classes will provide management and design information for lagoon systems to minimize harmful impacts of antibiotic resistance.
  6. Improved multi-stage dairy wastewater digester design makes it possible to clean up wastewater to the extent that the water can be reused. This is important in locations where land and water resources are limited, i.e. HI. An on-farm system being developed for swine farms would provide similar wastewater cleanup for existing lagoon systems.
  7. Improved lower-cost systems and management practices for water runoff from livestock facilities with outside feedlots enables small farms to reduce environmental impacts to surface water quality.
  8. Economic and technical studies of single and multiple farm-scale methane digester implementations help focus efforts on feasible systems that incorporate biogas cleaning technologies and natural gas pipeline integration.
  9. Other work on swine manure digesters refines management techniques and points to digester systems that are more resource efficient.
  10. A simplified method for removing ammonia from wastewater prior to discharge has been tested and could greatly reduce the cost for ammonia cleanup.
  11. Livestock waste lagoon management has traditionally included retaining a minimum, but substantial, volume of wastewater in the lagoon at all times to provide treatment of manure volatile solids. Testing is being done on a refined management scheme that might allow more pumpdown of liquid as winter nears, thus freeing up more lagoon volume for wastewater storage during the season when liquid cannot be spread on cropland. The risk of surface water impacts would be reduced.
  12. A variety of manure composting management practices were tested to refine the management recommendations; these practices could make composting more affordable, resource efficient, and environmentally acceptable.
  13. A newly isolated treatment bacterium for removing ammonia from livestock wastewater promises to reduce wastewater treatment costs for farms and make advanced systems feasible that can discharge or reuse water. Greenhouse gas emissions are reduced at the same time.
  14. Two technologies for removing manure nutrients from dairy lagoon wastewater  electrocoagulation and Geotubes  show promise for greatly reducing risk of surface water impacts from land application of liquid manure.
  15. Aquatic and vegetative research is developing technologies, such as long-term constructed wetlands treatment and overland flow vegetated buffers, to utilize animal wastes and municipal sludge in a sustainable manner so that nutrients are constructively used up while surface water quality is protected.
  16. Floating vegetated mats have the potential for treating livestock lagoon wastewater and for removing ammonia and other nutrients from fisheries wastewater.
  17. A landmark study on N mineralization of broiler litter will assist poultry producers with their manure management planning for more efficient, environmentally friendly crop production.
  18. Studies of the fate of antibiotics in beef feedlot manure will be beneficial in devising management practices and plans for minimizing movement of antibiotics and antibiotic resistant genes into the environment.
  19. Experiments using composted manure topdressed on turfgrass identify the best rates of application and the expected benefits.
  20. Culture of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, on feces recovered from a swine barn enables further refinement of the practice of using the larvae to process swine manure while producing a value-added product.
  21. A continuous thermochemical conversion process for making crude oil product from animal wastes and other agricultural by-products is nearing commercialization.
  22. Characterization and inventory for total cattle biomass (manure and waste feed) production, including physical location of feedstock, will assist in plans for using such cattle production byproducts as a source of renewable energy.
  23. The emission plumes from large dairies with feedlots were characterized using novel measurement techniques, thus assisting with plans for reporting and mitigating various emissions that include greenhouse gases and particulates.
  24. The link between animal diet and gaseous emissions from facilities has been further explored, allowing refinement of best management practices for emissions reduction. Other novel operational strategies for reducing gas and odor emissions have been quantified as well, making it easier for livestock producers to meet eventual emissions targets.
  25. The tubing used in sampling of air emissions is very critical in determining emission rates from animal facilities. Results of laboratory tests will enable researchers to pick the best type of tubing for their sampling applications.
  26. Ammonia emissions from land application sites during and after swine lagoon liquid irrigation were measured and give valuable information about planning and reporting ammonia losses.
  27. Odor emission factors of selected animal buildings for the National Air Emissions Monitoring Study (NAEMS), for use in air dispersion and evaluation of control technologies, will be determined.
  28. Modeling tools for odor dispersion from livestock production facilities have been validated and further refined, and those tools can help the livestock industry and community planners anticipate the best sites for locating new and expanded livestock facilities.
  29. treatments, spraying poultry litter with amendments, and feeding distillers grains (DDGS) further build the knowledge base about practices and technologies that can alter or mitigate airborne emissions from livestock facilities. Beef feedlot management practices, including dietary additives, are described that affect airborne emissions and whole-farm nutrient balance; characterization of commercial feedlot manure helps to refine manure management planning through better data. Wet scrubbers were shown effective for absorbing ammonia emissions from exhaust fan airstreams of poultry buildings, and design data are presented for implementation of the technology.
  30. Odors and hydrogen sulfide emissions from large dairy manure storage ponds were observed and the atmospheric conditions delineated that cause the most nuisance downwind from the facilities, thus providing a tool for producers to use in planning their mitigation efforts based on conditions. Swine facilities were monitored to find correlations between indoor air conditions and presence of Salmonella in the barns. Those findings may help producers manage prevalence of Salmonella and reduce the potential for contamination during harvest and processing of finishing animals.
  31. A study of swine barns where the exhaust ventilation air was partitioned between sidewall and pit exhaust demonstrated new possible strategies for managing ventilation systems to reduce odor and greenhouse gas emissions while reducing odor nuisance for neighbors. Furthermore, the results provide better recommendations for where to allocate expensive odor mitigation technologies on exhaust fans.
  32. A field experiment demonstrating a package system of treatments showed the economic benefit for swine lagoons of changing from anaerobic to aerobic treatment, by way of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and capturing carbon credits. The aerobic technology reduced GHG emissions more than 96% and thus gives swine producers an interesting alternative to traditional anaerobic manure treatment.
  33. A novel management approach for feeding protein levels on beef feedlots was assessed and showed the tradeoffs that occur between phosphorus excretion, gaseous emissions such as ammonia, and odor when using oscillating protein diets. A study comparing high-moisture ensiled corn and dryrolled corn showed potential differences in P excretion, odor and gaseous emissions from the feedlot.
  34. The effects of feeding low-phytate corn and low-phytate soybean meal, with and without phytase, on phosphorus excretion by pigs and chicks are continually being refined and results also include the benefits of feeding pigs low levels of the antibiotic Virginiamycin, for improving phosphorus utilization.
  35. Improving dietary phosphorus utilization by non-ruminant animals has the potential for decreasing phosphorus excretion and thus reduce surface water contamination by phosphorus runoff.
  36. During composting of poultry mortality, populations of Listeria monocytogenes, E. coli, and Salmonella spp. are attenuated; but the extents were not well known. Experimental results can help develop carcass composting management guidelines that will best control the various pathogens of interest to regulators.
  37. A broad sampling of beef feedlot manure and wastewater produced a baseline of concentrations of various commonly used antibiotics. These occurrences might be useful in formulating management strategies for reducing the downstream loading of manure utilization systems by antibiotics. A rainfall-simulator study of antibiotic-containing solutions showed runoff mechanisms and attenuations of a number of common antibiotics.
  38. Three commonly used dairy manure management strategies were simulated to determine the persistence of several classes of pathogens. Mycobacyterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis, E. Coli 0157:H7, Listeria mollocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. were monitored through a series of laboratory experiments to determine the effects of high temperature composting treatment compared to low temperature solid and liquid storages. Results can be used to design treatment strategies for manure that will be used in pathogen-sensitive environments such as vegetable production or residential gardening.

Publications

Refereed Publications Angel, R., W.W. Saylor, A. Mitchell, W. Powers, T.J. Applegate and A.S. Dhandu. 2006. Effect of dietary phosphorus concentration, and inclusion of phytase and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on broiler chicken bone mineralization, litter total and water soluble phosphorus, and processing yields and losses. Poult. Sci. 85(7):1200-1211. Archibeque, S.L., D.N. Miller, H.C. Freetly, and C.L. Ferrell. 2006. Feeding high-moisture corn instead of dry-rolled corn reduces odorous compound production in manure of finishing beef cattle without decreasing performance. J. Anim. Sci. 84:17671777. Arogo, J., P. W. Westerman, A. J. Heber, W. P. Robarge, and John J. Classen. 2006. Ammonia emissions from animal feeding operations. In: Animal Agriculture and the Environment: National Center for Manure and Animal Waste Management White Papers, p. 41-88. Edited by J. M. Rice, D. F. Caldwell, and F. J. Humenik. ASABE, St. Joseph, MI. 776 pages Baek, B.H., R. Todd, N.A. Cole, J.A. Koziel. 2006. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide flux and dry deposition velocity measurements using vertical gradient method at a commercial beef cattle feedlot. International Journal of Global Environmental Issues, 6 (2/3) 189-203. Baek, B.H., J.A. Koziel, and V.P. Aneja. 2006. A preliminary review of gas-to-particle monitoring and modeling efforts in the USA. International Journal of Global Environmental Issues, 6 (2/3) 204-230. Balfagon, A., M.D. Lindemann, K.J. Stalder, J. Burkett, J. Pierce, and G.L. Cromwell. 2006. Evaluation of mineral retention and tissue mineral content in finishing pigs fed inorganic and organic trace minerals. J. Anim. Sci. 84(Suppl. 2)62. Bulliner E.A., J.A. Koziel, L. Cai, D. Wright. 2006. Characterization of livestock odors using steel plates, solid phase microextraction, and multidimensional - gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 56:1391-1403. Burns, R.T., H. Xin, H. Li, S. Hoff, L.B. Moody, R. Gates, D. Overhults, and J. Earnest. 2006. Monitoring System Design for the Southeastern Broiler Gaseous and Particulate Matter Air Emissions Monitoring Project. Proceedings of the Annual Air & Waste Management Association Conference. Cai, L., J.A. Koziel, M.E. ONeal. 2007. Determination of characteristic odorants from Harmonia axyridis beetles using in vivo solid-phase microextraction and multidimensional gas chromatography - mass spectrometry  olfactometry. Journal of Chromatography A, 1147, 66-78. Cai, L., J.A. Koziel, A.T. Nguyen, Y. Liang, and H. Xin. Evaluation of zeolite for control of odorants emissions from simulated poultry manure storage. 2007. Journal of Environmental Quality, 36(1), 184-193. Cai L., J.A. Koziel, J. Davis, Y.C. Lo and H. Xin. 2006. Characterization of VOCs and odors by in vivo sampling of beef cattle rumen gas using SPME and GC-MS-olfactometry. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 386(6):1791-1802. Cai L., J.A. Koziel. Y.C. Lo, and S.J. Hoff. 2006. Characterization of VOCs and Odorants Associated with Swine Barn Particulate Matter using SPME and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Olfactometry. Journal of Chromatography A, (1-2), 60-72. Chen, Y. and J.J. Cheng. (In press) Effect of potassium inhibition on the thermophilic anaerobic digestion of swine waste. Water Environment Research. Chen, Y. and J.J. Cheng (2006) Application of anaerobic processes. Water Environment Research. 78(10), 1363-1385. Cook, R.N., H. Xin, and D. Nettleton. 2006. Effects of cage stocking density on feeding behaviors of group-housed laying hens. Transactions of the ASAE 49(1): 187-192. Creamer, K.S., C.M. Williams, Y. Chen, J.J. Cheng. (In press) Urine:Feces Ratio in a Thermophilic Anaerobic Digester: Implications for Swine Waste Treatment System Feasibility. Water Environment Research. Custodio, M.G., W.J. Powers, E. Huff-Lonergan, M.A.Faust, and J. Stein. 2006. Growth performance, pork quality, and excretion characteristics of pigs fed Bt corn or non-genetically modified corn. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 86(4):443-455. Davis, J.G., C.C. Truman, S.C. Kim, J.C. Ascough II, and K. Carlson. 2006. Antibiotic transport via runoff and soil loss. J. Environ. Qual. 35:2250-2260. Ekinci, K., H.M.Keener, D. Akbolat. 2006. Effects of feedstock, airflow rate, and recirculation ratio on the performance of composting systems with air recirculation. Bioresource Technology 97(2006 ) 922-932 Gascho, G.J. and R.K. Hubbard. 2006. Long-term impact of broiler litter on chemical properties of a Coastal Plain soil. J. Soil Wat. Conserv. 61(2):65-74. Grewal SK, S Rajeev, S Sreevatsan, FC Michel Jr. 2006. Persistence of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis and other zoonotic pathogens during simulated composting, manure packing, and liquid storage of dairy manure. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72: 565-574. Haan, M.M., J.R. Russell, W.J. Powers, J.L. Kovar, and J.L. Benning. 2006. Grazing management effects on sediment and phosphorus in surface runoff. Rangeland Ecology and Management 59(6):607-615. Harrigan, T.M., D.R. Mutch and S.S. Snapp. 2006. Manure Slurry-Enriched Micro-Site Seeding of Biosuppressive Covers. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 22(6): 827-834. Heber, A.J., T.T. Lim, J.Q. Ni, P.C. Tao, A.M. Schmidt, J.A. Koziel, S.J. Hoff, L.D. Jacobson, Y. Zhang, G.B. Baughman. 2006. Quality assured measurements of animal building emissions: particulate matter concentrations. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 56:1642-1648. Heber, A.J., J.Q. Ni, T.T. Lim, P.C. Tao, A.M. Schmidt, J.A. Koziel, D.B. Beasley, S.J. Hoff, R.E. Nicolai, L.D. Jacobson, Y. Zhang. 2006. Quality assured measurements of animal building emissions: gas concentrations. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 56:1472-1483. Hoff, S.J., D.S. Bundy, M.A. Nelson, B.C. Zelle, L.D. Jacobson, A.J. Heber, J.Q. Ni, Y. Zhang, J.A. Koziel, D.B. Beasley. 2006. Emissions of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and odor before, during and after slurry removal from a deep-pit swine finisher. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 56, 581-590. Jacobson, L.D. Animal Structures: Air Quality. Encyclopedia of Agricultural, Food, and Biological Engineering. Article in Press. EOAF 120007233, Dekker Encyclopedias. Jerez, S.B, Y. Zhang, J. McClure, L. Jacobson, A. Heber, S. Hoff, J. Koziel, and D. Beasley. 2006. Comparison of measured total suspended particulate matter concentration using tapered element oscillating microbalance and a TSP sampler. Journal of Air & Waste Management Association. 56: 261-270. Johnson, G.A., J.G. Davis, Y.L. Qian, and K.C. Doesken. 2006. Topdressing turf with composted manure improves soil quality and protects water quality. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 70:2114-2121. Johnson, G.A., Y.L. Qian, and J.G. Davis. 2006. Effects of compost topdressing on turf quality and growth of Kentucky bluegrass. Online. Applied Turfgrass Science. doi:10.1094/ATS-2006-0113-01-RS. Kalbasi, A., S. Mukhtar, S. E. Hawkins and B. W. Auvermann. 2006. Design, Utilization, Biosecurity, Environmental and Economic Considerations of Carcass Composting. Compost Science and Utilization. Compost Science and Utilization. 14 (2) 90-102. Koziel, J.A., L. Cai, D. Wright, S. Hoff. 2006. Solid phase microextraction as a novel air sampling technology for improved, GC-Olfactometry-based, assessment of livestock odors. Journal of Chromatographic Science, 44(7), 451-457. Li, H., R.T. Burns, H. Xin, L.B. Moody, R. Gates, D. Overhults, and J. Earnest. 2006. Development of a Continuous NH3 Emissions Monitoring System for Commercial Broiler Houses. Proceedings of the Annual Air & Waste Management Association Conference. Liang, Y., H. Xin, H. Li, R.S. Gates, E.F. Wheeler and K.D. Casey. 2006. Effect of measurement interval on estimation of ammonia emission rates for layer houses. Transactions of the ASAE 49(1): 183-186. Lorimor, J., C. Fulhage, R. Zhang, T. Funk, R. Sheffield, D. C. Sheppard, and G. L. Newton. 2006. Manure Management Strategies and Technologies. In: J. M. Rice, D. F. Caldwell, F. J. Humenik, eds. Animal Agriculture and the Environment: National Center for Manure and Animal Waste Management White Papers. Pub. Number 913C0306. ASABE, St. Joseph, MI. p. 409-434. Loughrin, J.H., Szogi, A.A. and Vanotti, M.B. Reduction of malodorous compounds from liquid swine manure by a multi-stage treatment system. Appl. Eng. Agr. 22(6)867-873. 2006. Loughrin, J.H., Szogi, A.A. and Vanotti, M.B. Reduction of malodorous compounds from a treated swine anaerobic lagoon. J. Environ. Qual. 35(1):194-199. 2006. Makris, K.C., J.H. Grove, and C.J. Matocha. 2006. Colloid-mediated vertical phosphorus transport in a waste-amended soil. Geoderma. 136:174-183. Moody, L. B., H. Li, R.T. Burns, H. Xin, and R. Gates. 2006. Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) for Monitoring Gaseous and Particulate Matter Emissions from Southeastern Broiler Houses. Proceedings of the Annual Air & Waste Management Association Conference. Ocfemia, K. S., Zhang, Y., and Funk, T.L. 2006. Hydrothermal processing of swine manure into oil using a continuous reactor system: development and testing. Trans. ASABE. 49(2): 533-541. Oh, H.I., J.H. Lee, B.H. Choi, N.S. Myung, and R.T. Burns. 2006. Recovery of Phosphorous in Animal Wastewater by Struvite Forming. The Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery. v31(1) pages 46-51. Panetta, D.M., W.J. Powers, H. Xin, B.J. Kerr, and K.J. Stalder. 2006. Nitrogen excretion and ammonia emissions from pigs fed reduced crude protein diets or yucca extract. J. Environ. Qual. 35(4):1297-1308. Paul, S., R. Srinivasan, J. Sanabria, P. K. Haan, S. Mukhtar and K. Neimann. (2006). Groupwise Modeling Study of Bacterially Impaired Watersheds in Texas: Clustering Analysis. Journal of the American Water Res. Assoc. 42(4) 1017-1031. Pei, R., S.C. Kim, K.H. Carlson, and A. Pruden. 2006. Effect of river landscape on the sediment concentrations of antibiotics and corresponding antibiotic resistance genes (ARG). Water Res. 40: 2427-2435. Pettey, L.A., G.L. Cromwell, and M.D. Lindemann. 2006. Estimation of endogenous phosphorus loss in growing and finishing pigs fed semi-purified diets. J. Anim. Sci. 84:618-626. Powers, W.J., E.R. Fritz, W. Fehr, and R. Angel. 2006. Evaluation of low-phytate soybeans on performance and excretions from swine. J. Anim. Sci. 84(7):1907-1915. Pruden, A., R. Pei, H. Stoorteboom, and K. Carlson. 2006. Antibiotic resistance genes as emerging contaminants: Studies in northern Colorado. Environ. Sci. & Tech. 40: 7445-7450. Schierer, R.A., J.G. Davis, and J.R. Zumbrunnen. 2006. Predicting phosphorus runoff from calcareous soils. Better Crops with Plant Food. 90(4):3-5. Schoenau, J. and J.G. Davis. 2006. Optimizing soil and plant responses to land-applied manure nutrients in the Great Plains of North America. Can. J. Soil Sci. 86:587-595. Shah, S. B., G. L. Grabow and P. W. Westerman. 2006. Ammonia desorption in five types of flexible tubing materials. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 22(6):919-923. Shah, S. B., P. W. Westerman and J. Arogo. 2006. Measuring ammonia concentrations and emissions from land and liquid surfaces: A review. J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 56(7):945-960. Shah, S., P. Westerman and J. Parsons. 2006. Poultry Litter Amendments. NC Extension Bulletin AG-657. North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC. 2 pg. http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/programs/extension/publicat/wqwm/poultry/factsheet_agw-657short.pdf Shah, S., P. Westerman and J. Parsons. 2006. Poultry Litter Amendments. NC Extension Bulletin AGW-657. North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC. 8 pg. http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/programs/extension/publicat/wqwm/poultry/factsheet_agw-657long.pdf Stefan J Green, Ehud Inbar, Frederick C. Michel Jr., Yitzhak Hadar, and Dror Minz. 2006. Succession of Bacterial Communities during Early Plant Development: Transition from Seed to Root and Effect of Compost Amendment. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72: 3975-3983. Sweeten, J. M., L. D. Jacobson, A. J. Heber, D. R. Schmidt, J. C. Lorimor, P. W. Westerman, J. R. Miner, R. H. Zhang, C. M. Williams, and B. W. Auvermann. 2006. Odor mitigation for concentrated animal feeding operations: white paper and recommendation. In: Animal Agriculture and the Environment: National Center for Manure and Animal Waste Management White Papers, p. 721-758. Edited by J. M. Rice, D. F. Caldwell, and F. J. Humenik. ASABE, St. Joseph, MI. 776 pages Szogi, A.A., Vanotti, M.B. and Hunt, P.G. Dewatering of phosphorus extracted from liquid swine waste. Bioresource Technol. 97(1):183-190. 2006. Szogi, A.A., Vanotti, M.B. and Stansbery, A.A. Reduction of ammonia emissions from treated anaerobic swine lagoons. Trans. ASABE 49(1):217-225. 2006. Ullman, J. L and S. Mukhtar. 2006 (online 19 June 2006, print copy available in 2007). Impact of dairy housing practices on lagoon effluent characteristics: Implications for nitrogen dynamics and salt accumulation. Bioresource Technology. 98 (2007) 745-752. Wheeler, E.F., K.D. Casey, R.S. Gates, H. Xin, J.L. Zajaczkowski, P.A. Topper, Y. Liang, A. J. Pescatore. 2006. Ammonia emissions from twelve U.S.A. broiler chicken houses. Transactions of the ASAE . Wortmann, C. S. and D. T. Walters. 2006. Phosphorus runoff during four years following composted manure application. J. Environ. Qual.. V 35, March-April 2006. 651-657. Yang, S.Y., K. S. Ji, Y.H. Baik, W.S. Kwak, and T.A. McCaskey. 2006. Lactic acid bacteria fermentation of food waste for swine feed. Bioresource Technol. 97:1858-1864. Abstracts Angel R., W. Powers, S. Zamzow, and T. Applegate. 2006. Dietary modifications to reduce nitrogen consumption and excretion in broilers. Poultry Sci. 85:19 (Abstr.). Erickson, G.E., T.J. Klopfenstein, R.K. Koelsch, W.F. Kissinger, and J.H. Harrison. 2006. Ruminant diet composition effects on land area used for manure application. Midwest ASAS/ADSA Abstract #124, page 41. Fortuna, Ann-Marie, C.W. Honeycutt, T.L. Marsh, T. Griffin, R. Larking, Z. He, B. Wienhod, K. Sistani, S. Albrecht, B. Woodbury, H.A. Torbert, J.M. Powell, R. Hubbard, R. Eigenberg, and R. Wright. 2006. Towards national prediction of manure N availabity: soil influence on nitrifier community and nitrification. Agronomy Abstracts. Haan, M., J. Russell, D. Morrical, D. Strohbehn, W. Powers, J. Lawrence, and J. Kovar. 2006. Effects of grazing management on pasture characteristics affecting sediment and nutrient loads in surface waters. J. Anim. Sci. 84:W64. (Abstr.). Haan, M., J. Russell, J. Davis, D. Morrical, D. Strohbehn, and W. Powers. 2006. Effect of grazing management on cattle distribution patterns. J. Anim. Sci. 84:. (Abstr.) Hubbard, R.K., D.D. Bosch, T.C. Strickland, C.C. Truman, and T.L. Potter. 2006. Comparison of conservation and conventional tillage effects on water quality in a coastal plain soil. In: Workshop Entitled Managing Agricultural Landscapes For Environmental Quality Strengthening the Science Base Organized by the Soil and Water Conservation Society. October 11-13, 2006, Kansas City, MO. Abstract #68 p. 103-104. Koelsch, R., W. Powers, and A. Sutton. 2006. Integrating animal feeding strategies into CNMP processes: role of an updated ASAE standard D384.2. J. Anim. Sci 84 (Suppl 2): 122. Powers, W., R. Angel, S. Zamzow, and T. Applegate. 2006. Reducing broiler air emissions through diet. Poultry Sci. 85:135 (Abstr.). Wu, W., W. Powers, R. Angel, C.E.Hale III, and T. Applegate. 2006. Effect of diet on air emissions from laying hens of different ages. International Poultry Scientific Forum. Burkett, J., K. Stalder, W. Powers, J. Pierce, C. Schwab, T. Baas, and B. Schaefer. 2006. The effect of inorganic and organic trace mineral supplementation on fecal excretion and apparent digestibility of grow-finish swine. J. Anim. Sci 84(Suppl 2): 9. Zhu, J, X. Wu, C. Miller, F. Yu, P. Chen, and R. Ruan. 2007. Biohydrogen Production through Fermentation Using Liquid Swine Manure as Substrate. J. Environ. Sci. & Health B42 (4): 1-9. Non-refereed papers and poster presentations Auvermann, B. W, S. Mukhtar and K. Heflin. 2006. Composting Large Animal Carcasses. Texas Cooperative Extension Publication No. E-422. Casey, K., D. Parker, J. Sweeten, S. Mukhtar, and J. Koziel. 2006. Hydrogen Sulfide Emissions from Beef Feedlots & Dairy Corrals in the Southern Great Plains. ASABE International meeting, Portland, OR, July 9-12. ASABE Paper No. 06-4028. Chaoui, H., H.M. Keener and M.R. Ehsani Testing a Model of the Effectiveness of an Electric Field at Repelling Earthworms from an Organic Media. ASAE Paper 067010. Presented at 2006 ASAE Annual International Meeting. 7/9-12. Oregon Convention Center, Portland, Oregon. Goodrich, B., S. Mukhtar, S. Capareda and B. Shaw. 2006. Development of a PM10 Emission Factor for Hybrid Dairies. ASABE International meeting, Portland, OR, July 9-12. ASABE Paper No. 06-4164. Goodrich, B., S. Capareda, and S. Mukhtar. 2006. Analysis of Dairy Biomass Properties for Use in Thermo-Chemical Conversion Technologies. ASABE International meeting, Portland, OR, July 9-12. ASABE Paper No. 06-4184. Goodrich, B., B. Shaw, C. Parnell, S. Capareda and S. Mukhtar. 2006. Evaluation of the Box Model for Emission Factor Development. ASABE International meeting, Portland, OR, July 9-12. ASABE Paper No. 06-4100. Jacobson, L.D., Hetchler, B.P., Johnson, V., Clanton, C.J., and Schmidt, D.R. 2006. Minimizing pit emissions from pig barns to optimize "catch and treat" mitigation technologies like biofilters. ASAE Paper No. 064191, presented at the ASAE International Meeting held in Portland, OR, July 9-12, 2006, St. Joseph, Mich.: ASAE Keener, H.M. 2006. Chapter 1. Manure characteristics. In: The Ohio Livestock Manure Management Guide, Bullentin 604. The Ohio State University Extension. Columbus, OH. Keener, H. M., J.J. Hoorman and M.H. Klingman. 2006. Rheology and flowability properties of liquid dairy and swine waste. ASAE Paper No. 064072. Presented at 2006 ASABE Annual International Meeting. 7/9-12. Portland Convention Center, Portland, Oregon. (search at asae.frymulti.com) Keener, H.M., B. Faucette and M.H. Klingman. 2006. Flow-through rates and evaluation of solids separation of compost filter media vs. silt fence in sediment control applications. ASAE Paper Number: 06206. Presented at 2006 ASABE Annual International Meeting. 7/9-12. Portland Convention Center, Portland, Oregon. Published on CD (search at asae.frymulti.com) Kissinger, E., W. F., G. E. Erickson, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2006. Summary of manure amounts, characteristics, and nitrogen mass balance for open feedlot pens in summer compared to winter. Nebraska Beef Rep. MP 88-A:87-89. Kissinger, W. F., G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, and R. K. Koelsch. 2006. Managing phosphorus in beef feedlot operations. Nebraska Beef Rep. MP 88-A:94-97. Kissinger, W. F., R. E. Massey, R. K. Koelsch, and G. E. Erickson. 2006. Economics of manure phosphorus distribution from beef feeding operations. Nebraska Beef Rep. MP 88-A:98-102. Lazenby L., S. Mukhtar, C. Gerngross and K. Wagner. 2006. Evaluation of Selected New Technologies for Animal Waste Management. ASABE International meeting, Portland, OR, July 9-12. ASABE Paper No. 06-4176. Mukhtar, S and S. Capareda. 2006. Manure to Energy: Understanding Processes, Principles and Jargon. Texas Cooperative Extension Publication No. E-428. Mukhtar, S and B. W. Auvermann. 2006. Air Quality Standards and Nuisance Issues from Animal Agriculture. Texas Cooperative Extension Publication No. E-401. Mukhtar, S., A. Mutlu, S. Capareda, R. Lacey, B. Shaw and C. Parnell. 2006. Seasonal and Spatial Variations of Ammonia Emissions from an Open-lot Dairy Operation. Workshop on Air Quality: State of the Science, Potomac, Maryland, June 5-8, 2006. Mukhtar S., M. McFarland, C. Wagner and F. Mazac. 2006. Use of Dairy Manure Compost as Erosion Control Material under Vegetated and Non Vegetated Conditions. 2006 CIGR International Conference, Bonn, Germany. September 3-7. Mutlu, A., S. Mukhtar, B. Shaw, S. Capareda, R. Lacey and C. Parnell. 2006. Estimating Seasonal Ammonia Downwind Concentrations from Open-lot Dairy in Central Texas. ASABE International meeting, Portland, OR, July 9-12. ASABE Paper No. 06-4103. Newton, L., C. Sheppard, D.W. Watson, G. Burtle, and R. Dove. 2005. Using the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, as a value-added tool for the management of swine manure. Report on agreements between the NC Attorney General, Smithfield Foods and Premium Standard Farms, and Frontline Farmers. http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/waste_mgt/smithfield_projects/phase2report05/cd,web%20files/A2.pdf Newton, G.L. and R.K. Hubbard. 2006. Using hydroponic forage production to treat biogas digester effluent. Poster presentation at Georgia Soil & Water Conservation Society Annual Meeting, Cohutta, GA. Schulte, D. D., M.R. Modi, R.R. Stowell and D.P. Billesbach, S.J. Hoff and L.D. Jacobson. 2007. Modeling odor dispersion from a swine facility using AERMOD. For presentation at International Symposium on Air Quality and Waste Management for Agriculture in Broomfield, Colorado. Sherwood, D. M., G. E. Erickson, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2006. Nitrogen mass balance and cattle performance of steers fed clinoptilolite zeolite clay. Nebraska Beef Rep. MP 88-A:90-91. Sherwood, D. M., G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, D. D. Schulte, and R. R. Stowell. 2006. Factors affecting nitrogen losses as measured using forced-air wind tunnels and nitrogen mass balance. Nebraska Beef Rep. MP 88-A:92-93. Sun, H., R.H. Zhang, F. Mitloehner and J. McGarvey. 2007. Laboratory study of surface and low level deep aeration to reduce air emissions from dairy manure storage. Paper presented at ASABE 2007 Annual International Meeting. June 19-21, Minneapolis, MN. Ullman, J., S. Mukhtar, and S. Senseman. 2006. Sorption and Degradation of Estrogenic Compounds in Agricultural Soils: Implications on Hormone Mobility Following Land Application of Animal Manure. 2006 CIGR International Conference, Bonn, Germany. September 3-7. Vanotti, M.B., Millner, P.D., Szogi, A.A., Campbell, C.R., Fetterman, L.M. 2006. Aerobic composting of swine manure solids mixed with cotton gin trash. ASAE Paper #057004. 2006. Vanotti, M.B. and Szogi, A.A. Comments on regional greenhouse gas initiative (RGGI) Draft Model Rule http://www.rggi.org/docs/usda_ars_florence_sc.pdf. 2006. (White paper) Wang, X., Zhao, L., Wang, C., Heber, A., Lim, T., Ni, J., and Tao, P. 2006. Statistical modeling of ammonia emissions from poultry layer facilities. ASAE paper 064105. St. Joseph, Mich.: ASAE. 14 pages. Westerman, P. W., J. Arogo Ogejo, G. L. Grabow and M. E. Adcock. 2006. Swine anaerobic lagoon nutrient concentration variation with season, lagoon level, and rainfall. Presented at 2006 ASABE International Meeting, Portland, OR, 9-12 July 2006. ASAE Paper No. 064146. ASAE, St. Joseph, MI 9 pg. James, R.,.... et al. 2006. The Ohio Livestock Manure Management Guide, Bulletin 604. The Ohio State University Extension. Columbus, OH. Zhao, L., Wang, X., Darr, M. J., and Manuzon, R. 2006. Monitoring of ventilation rates of swine finishing barns using direct and indirect methods. 2006. ASAE paper 064083. St. Joseph, Mich.: ASAE. 11 pages. Conference Proceedings Angel, R., W. Powers, S. Bastyr, W. Wu, and T. Applegate. 2006. Dietary modifications to reduce air emissions from broiler chickens. Proceedings of the ESA Workshop on Agricultural Air Quality: State of the Science. June 5-8, Potomac, MD. Blunden, J., V. P. Aneja and P. W. Westerman. 2006. Measurement and analysis of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide emissions from an anaerobic swine waste treatment lagoon and confinement building in North Carolina. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Agricultural Air Quality: State of the Science, p. 71-79. June 5-8, 2006, Potomac, MD. E.S. Cho, Piyalerg Kongsil, and P.Y. Yang Development of a land limited dairy wastewater treatment/reuse by integrating biological pretreatment alternative to the existing lagoon/pond system, presented at the 7th IWA Specialist Conference on Waste Stabilization ponds, September 25  27, 2006, Bangkok, Thailand. Heber, A., Ni, J., Hanni, S., Zhao, L., Keener, H. M., and Darr, M. J. 2006. Characterization and Abatement of Air Emissions from Egg Production. In proceeding of Workshop on Agricultural Air Quality: State of the Science. Pp. 678-681. (search at ncsu.edu/airworkshop/Posters-Z.pdf) Jacobson, L.D., Koziel, J.A., Hoff, S. J., Heber, A. J., Parker, D. B.; Odor Emissions and Chemical Analysis of Odorous Compounds from Animal Buildings. Proceedings of the Workshop on Agricultural Air Quality: State of the Science; June 5-8, 2006; pages 4  14. Jacobson, L.D., Heber, A.J., Hoff, S.J., Zhang, Y., Beasley, D.B., Koziel, J.A., Hetchler, B.J.; Aerial Emissions from Confirmed Animal Buildings; Proceedings of the Workshop on Agricultural Air Quality: State of the Science; June 5-8, 2006; pages 775 - 784. Keener, H.M. and L. Zhao. 2006. Predicting NH3 emissions from manure N for livestock facilities and storages. A modified mass balance approach. Pp1287-1293. Proceedings Workshop on air quality: State of the science. 6/5-8. Bolger Conference Center, Potomac, Maryland. (search at ncsu.edu/airworkshop/Posters-Z.pdf) Keener, H.M. and F.C. Michel Jr. 2006. Using a spreadsheet computer model for design and management of compost systems. pp 191-202. Proceedings Orbit 2006 International Conference. 9/13-15. Weimar, Germany. Keener, H.M. and K. Ekinci. 2006. (abstract) Composting process management to minimize cost and odor. Pp37. Conference Program. US Composting Council 14th Annual Conference and Tradeshow, 1/22-25. Albuquerque, NM. Koleva, M., J. Cheng, R. Arsov, and Y. Topalova (2006) Possibilities for Implementation of the CANON Technology for Biological High Strength Nitrogen Removal. Proceedings of the 11th Scientific and Practical Conference "Water Quality Technologies and Management in Bulgaria", 22-23 February 2006, Sofia, Bulgaria, pp141-150. Lu, M., Liang, F., Lamichhane, P., Imerman, E., and Zhao, L. 2006. Compositional identification of odor causing compounds in a dairy farm. In proceeding of Workshop on Agricultural Air Quality: State of the Science. (search at ncsu.edu/airworkshop/Posters-Z.pdf) McCaskey, T.A. 2006. Bacterial pathogen die-off in poultry mortality compost. Proceedings 2006 National Poultry Waste Management Symposium. Oct. 23-25, Springdale, AK. pp. 54-58. McCaskey, T.A. 2006. Evaluation of ten recipes for composting poultry mortalities. Proceedings 2006 National Poultry Waste Management Symposium. Oct. 23-25, Springdale, AK. pp. 69-76. Mullins, G. L., Fontenot, J. P., Alloush, G. A., Johnson, G., Allen, V. G., and Scaglia, G. 2005. Effect of long-term nutrient management strategies for pastures on phosphorus in surface runoff and soil quality. Proc. XX Internatl. Grassl. Congr., Dublin, Ireland. p. 275. Powers, W., S. Bastyr, R. Angel, and T. Applegate, and B. Kerr. 2006. Effects of reduced crude protein diets on gaseous emissions and swine performance. Proceedings of the ESA Workshop on Agricultural Air Quality: State of the Science. June 5-8, Potomac, MD. Sweeten, J. M., Larry D. Jacobson, Albert J. Heber, David R. Schmidt, Jeffery C. Lorimor, Philip W. Westerman, J. Ronald Miner, Ruihong H. Zhang, C. Mike Williams, Brent W. Auvermann. 2006. Odor mitigation for concentrated animal feeding operations: White paper and recommendation. In Animal Agriculture and the Environment: National Center for Manure and Animal Waste Management White Papers. pp. 721-758. J. M. Rice, D. F. Caldwell, F. J. Humenik, eds. 2006. St. Joseph, Michigan: ASABE. Szogi, A.A. and Vanotti, M.B. Reduction of ammonia emissions from swine lagoons using alternative wastewater technologies p. 1155-1160. In: Workshop on Agricultural Air Quality: State of the Science, Ecological Society of America, June 5-8, 2006, Potomac, MD. (Proceedings) Szogi, A.A., Vanotti, M.B., Bauer, P.J., Scheckel, K.G., and Hudnall, W.H. Innovative technology for recycling of manure phosphorus with rapid amorphous phosphate precipitation. p.103-105. In: Petersen, S.O. (ed.) 12th Ramiran International Conference, DIAS Report No. 122, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Denmark. 2006. Vanotti, M.B., Szogi, A.A., and Vives, C.A. Greenhouse gas emission reductions and carbon credits from implementation of aerobic manure treatment systems in swine manure. p. 1178-1185. In Workshop on Agricultural Air Quality: State of the Science, Ecological Society of America, June 5-8, 2006 Potomac, MD. (Proceedings) Vanotti, M.B., Szogi, A.A., Kunz, A., Garcia-Gonzalez, M.C. Development of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) technology using immobilized biomass from swine manure. p. 143-146. In: Petersen, S.O. (ed.) 12th Ramiran International Conference, DIAS Report No. 122, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Denmark. 2006. Westerman, P., J. Classen, M. Williams, and K. Zering. 2006. Overview of evaluations of alternative swine manure treatment systems in North Carolina, USA. In: (Ed. Soren Petersen) Proceedings of the 12th RAMIRAN International Conference, Technology for Recycling of Manure and Organic Residues in a Whole-Farm Perspective, Vol. II, p. 13-15, Aarhus, Denmark, Sept. 11-13. Wu, W., W. Powers, R. Angel, C. E. Hale III, and T. Applegate. 2006. Effect of diet on air emissions from laying hens of different ages. Proceedings of the ESA Workshop on Agricultural Air Quality: State of the Science. June 5-8, Potomac, MD. Zhao, L., Lim, T., Heber, A., Sun, H., Diehl, C., Ni, J., Tao, P., and Hanni, S. 2006. 2006. Particulate matter emissions from an Ohio belt-battery layer barn. In proceeding of Workshop on Agricultural Air Quality: State of the Science. Pp. 1274-1285. (search at ncsu.edu/airworkshop/Posters-Z.pdf) Project reports Casey K. D., José R. Bicudo, David R. Schmidt, Anshu Singh, Susan W. Gay, Richard S. Gates, Larry D. Jacobson, Steven J. Hoff. 2006. Air quality and emissions from livestock and poultry production/waste management systems. In Animal Agriculture and the Environment: National Center for Manure and Animal Waste Management White Papers. pgs. 1-40. J. M. Rice, D. F. Caldwell, F. J. Humenik, eds. 2006. St. Joseph, Michigan: ASABE. Funk, J., and Zhao, L. 2006. Longitudinal evaluation of the effect of ventilation and environmental management of swine barns on Salmonella prevalence in finishing swine. Final report to National Pork Board, 10 pages. Heber, A., Lim, T., Ni, J., Hanni, S., Diehl, C., Wang, C., and Zhao, L. 2006. Effects of Electrostatic Space Charge System on Particulate Matter Emissions from High Rise Layer Barn. Final report to Ohio Fresh Eggs, Croton, Ohio. 20 pages. Heber, A., Lim, T., Ni, J., Hanni, S., Diehl, C., Wang, C., and Zhao, L. 2006. Effects of Aluminum Sulfate and Aluminum Chloride Applications on Ammonia Emissions from High-Rise Layer Barn. Final report to Ohio Fresh Eggs, Croton, Ohio. 18 pages. Jacobson, L.D., S.L. Wood, D.R. Schmidt, A J. Heber, J.R. Bicudo, R.D. Moon. 2006. Site selection of animal operations using air quality criteria. In Animal Agriculture and the Environment: National Center for Manure and Animal Waste Management White Papers. pp. 505-528. J. M. Rice, D. F. Caldwell, F. J. Humenik, eds. 2006. St. Joseph, Michigan: ASABE. Michel Jr., F.C., Harold M. Keener, Jeff LeJeune, Srinand Sreevatsan, H.A.J. Hoitink. 2006. Testing and Demonstration of Full Scale Composting Systems for Sand Bedded Dairy Manure. Final Report. March 31. Ohio Water Development Authority, Columbus, OH. Vellidis, George, Susan R. Crow, Larry Newton, Andrea Milton, Richard Lowrance, Glen Harris, Hal Simpson, Mary Leidner, Robert K. Hubbard. 2006. Animal Production and Water Quality in the Suwannee River Watershed in Georgia (Alapaha, Little and Withlacoochee Rivers) A project of the University of Georgia and USDA-Agricultural Research Service. Final Report. 30 pages. Zhao, L., Brugger, M., Arnol, G., and Imerman, E. 2006. Gaseous emissions from Dairy Manure Storage Ponds and Effective and Economic Air Quality Management. Final report to Ohio Dairy Producer Association, 20 pages. Patents Bowers, Keith E. and Philip W. Westerman. 2006. Apparatus for removing phosphorus from waste lagoon effluent. US Patent Number 6,994,782. Issued Feb. 7, 2006. US Patent and Trademark Office, Alexandria, VA. Bowers, Keith E. and Philip W. Westerman. 2006. Method for removing phosphorus from waste lagoon effluent. US Patent Number 7,005,072. Issued Feb. 28, 2006. US Patent and Trademark Office, Alexandria, VA. Graduate Theses Lao-Ting Lin (2006) Comparison of different technologies for dilute milk parlor wastewater treatment and reuse, Master thesis, Department of biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, 127 pp.
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