WERA_OLD20: Virus and Virus-Like Diseases of Fruit Trees, Small Fruits, and Grapevines.
(Multistate Research Coordinating Committee and Information Exchange Group)
Status: Inactive/Terminating
WERA_OLD20: Virus and Virus-Like Diseases of Fruit Trees, Small Fruits, and Grapevines.
Duration: 10/01/2011 to 09/30/2016
Administrative Advisor(s):
NIFA Reps:
Non-Technical Summary
Statement of Issues and Justification
The membership of WERA-0020 represents specialty crops (fruit and nut trees, berries, grapes and pineapple) that occupy a significant portion of U.S. agriculture. In 2008, these perennial specialty crops had a farm gate value of $18 billion (NASS, 2009). The impact of this production on the U.S. economy is further amplified by the multiplier effect through agriculture-related industries such as spray, fertilizer, equipment, transportation, marketing and processing. However, diseases caused by viruses and virus-like agents can have devastating impacts on fruit production. Examples can be found in all sectors of perennial specialty crop production, but it can be illustrated by the sweet cherry industry on the west coast. In the 1940s, severe disease problems plagued Washington and California growers. Serious virus diseases affected 7.1% of all sweet cherry trees in Washington State and 35% of these trees were removed each year in an attempt to stop disease spread and to restore production. This level of tree removal translates to a loss to growers of more than 50% of the total farm gate value of production arising from the cost of tree removal, replanting and lost fruit yield. The unsustainable level of income loss was addressed by the creation of clean plant programs, and by research projects that provide a better understanding of the pathogens and the vectors that transmit them. These programs significantly reduce damage by viruses. It is estimated that the loss of value of the sweet cherry crop due to viruses was down to approximately 1.9% in 2003. Nevertheless, diseases caused by virus and virus-like organisms continue to be significant factors affecting tree fruit and berry industries in the United States and Canada and new disease threats continue to emerge. Further efforts are needed to help the affected industries remain competitive in the international market place. This project contributes to that goal by providing a forum for information exchange at annual meetings and by establishing contacts that encourage communication and collaboration for containing the spread of debilitating diseases.
Crop loss due to virus-induced disease is dynamic: management strategies are developed for some diseases while other diseases emerge. The world-wide movement of plant products exposes specialty crop production areas to new disease pressures. Rapid changes in disease pressure are also being imposed by changes in populations of the insects that transmit disease. Transient or long term changes in weather patterns and changes in horticultural practices are resulting in vector population shifts, and the rapid movement of goods around the globe can quickly disseminate insect vectors into new production areas. This is exemplified by some examples of disastrous introductions over the past twenty years. Globally, the aphid-transmitted plum pox virus is the most economically important virus of stone fruits. The discovery of this virus in North America for the first time in the U.S. in 1999 and in Canada in 2000 had an immediate impact on the tree fruit and nursery industries. As of 2010, more than $120 million and $180 million have been spent in the U.S. and Canada, respectively, in attempts to detect, eradicate, and/or manage the virus. Yet the source of the introduction into North America remains unknown. The accidental introduction of the glassy winged sharp shooter into California in 1990 caused devastation of the grape industry in the southernmost counties of the state by transmitting the bacterial agent causing Pierces disease that existed in the area. Citrus greening is one of the more serious diseases of citrus. The vector of this disease, Asian citrus psyllid, was introduced into the southeast U.S. in 1998 and is now present in more than a dozen states. The bacterial pathogen that causes citrus greening was detected in 2005 and action is being aggressively pursued to prevent the psyllid vector from spreading the disease beyond its current limits. Other disease issues evolved over many years. Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is a major limitation to citrus production worldwide and efforts to control this disease in California and Arizona have been critical to maintaining the viability of this fruit tree industry in the western United States. Raspberry bushy dwarf virus causes serious yield and quality losses in Rubus spp. and Blueberry scorch carlavirus is emerging as a major disease problem for blueberry production in the Pacific Northwestern and Northeastern U.S. Western X disease, pear decline, and peach yellow leafroll are diseases caused by phytoplasmas and seriously reduce the production of stone and pome fruits in the western region of the U.S. These and other phytoplasmas cause diseases that are also associated with the eastern peach industry (yellows, rosette, and red suture). They occur erratically but are devastating when present. In Europe, the geographic range of the leafhopper vector of the phytoplasma that causes Bois noir disease of grapevines has expanded northward dramatically and increased incidence of the disease quickly followed. Disease caused by phytoplasma may spread in the new world following a similar course as global climatic conditions shift.
WERA-0020 is uniquely positioned to provide rapid access to expertise to address the changing landscape of diseases caused by viruses and virus-like agents. WERA-0020 brings together research, extension, and state and federal regulatory activities on economically important fruit crops so these activities are sustained despite a critical mass of researchers that is woefully insufficient for the needs of the industries. WERA-0020 is effective in providing information and solutions to disease problems and transferring technologies between states and across provincial borders. Many of the solutions for the detection, identification, and management of viral diseases are the same in all of the crops represented by WERA 0020. Open discussion between members and guests of all facets of virus disease control generate and stimulate appropriate approaches for solving disease management problems.
The Farm Bill - H.R. 6124 Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 established the National Clean Plant Network (NCPN), a partnership among clean plant centers and state and federal regulatory agencies to provide propagation material of perennial specialty crops throughout the U.S. Thus, the goals of WERA-0020 and the NCPN are parallel and assist specialty crop management to reduce the economic impact of virus threats. WERA-0020 is assisting the NCPN by locating and maintaining voucher samples of many diseases in research collections and by identifying pathogens of regional concern for consideration by the NCPN. The research produced by the WERA-0020 membership contributes directly to improved diagnostic capabilities of clean plant centers functioning within the NCPN and developing strategies for mitigating the negative impacts of virus and virus-like diseases.
Objectives
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Promote and improve communication and cooperation among entomologists, plant pathologists, horticulturists, and other professionals concerned about plant health to determine the vectors of virus and virus-like diseases and to investigate the role of vector biology in the epidemiology of diseases.
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Encourage, facilitate, and enhance collaborative research on the cause and control of newly detected diseases and disorders by increasing contacts and communication on newly discovered problems likely to be caused by viruses or virus-like agents.
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Facilitate rapid adoption and proper use of newly developed techniques and information that aid in the characterization and detection of virus and virus-like plant pathogens.
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Provide information and expertise (research and extension) for the acquisition, development and distribution of planting stock free of pathogens.
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Provide a source of research information and service to quarantine and certification agencies, germplasm repositories, experiment station and government administrative agencies and perennial specialty crop industries nationwide.
Procedures and Activities
Annual meetings are conducted so that participants and others of diverse interests can be made aware of the most current research and issues in the field of virus and virus-like diseases of fruit trees, small fruits, and grapevines. Participants include researchers, state and federal regulatory agents, and extension personnel to promote effective transmission of ideas and issues. Meetings are held in different regions of the country to provide greater opportunity for participants to interact with local and regional parties.
The meeting structure fosters the reporting of preliminary observations and work early in its development. This encourages development of collaborative projects to address specific issues associated with emerging disease situations. Reports of research from the participants are presented in a venue that promotes development of solutions for recalcitrant problems.
By bringing together individuals representing diverse agricultural sectors and from theoretical to applied research, opportunities are presented for cross-fertilization of ideas to advance research. Data and results addressing the challenges of existing technologies and new developments in disease diagnosis are communicated.
Programs engaged in the development of virus-tested material were recently embodied in the National Clean Plant Network. The WERA-0020 provides a forum to address specific topics related to appropriate disease diagnosis and elimination. Current activities involve the identification of diseases of regional importance that will be included in certification testing requirements across North America. Critical discussions focus on rationalizing disease lists. Researcher collections are being canvassed to identify and characterize pathogens and as research material to support translational research to aid in diagnosis. Disease names for which voucher samples are no longer relevant will be suspended. The entire membership is invited to engage in discussion through the annual meeting and through an established email exchange list. The diverse membership of this group assists in maximizing the distribution of information to all sectors of the specialty crop industry. Formal and informal participation of all groups (research, extension, and industry) in this project is encouraged.
This group represents the programs from across the U.S. and Canada involved in the development of propagation material of vegetatively propagated perennial crops. Meetings enhance the exchange of information between research and regulatory professionals insuring that all participants are aware of developing disease situations. Representation from all regions insures that diverse ecological regions of North America are engaged in discussion. Meetings involve a visit to view local disease symptoms in the field allowing those who are new to the subject to become familiar with newly reported diseases, to expose participants to problems that are of restricted distribution, and also to show localized industries with special problems and solutions. Examples include a visit in 2009 to a Michigan research facility to observe blueberry shock virus in a blueberry planting and in 2001 a field trip to peach orchards in Pennsylvania where symptoms of Plum pox virus were observed, and the methods being used to survey for the pathogen, were discussed.
Expected Outcomes and Impacts
- Identify and develop control programs for fruit tree, small fruit and grapevine viruses and phytoplasmas vectored by insects and nematodes. The membership includes entomologists, nematologists and plant pathologists. Coordination of objectives and the development of a systems approach to the solution and implementation of plant disease control programs is facilitated by the diversity of participants.
- Coordinated research will be conducted on pathogens that impact common crops grown in geographically diverse areas. Disease management strategies developed for one type of pathogen or crop in one geographical area are often applicable to managing the disease in other areas. Collaborative efforts would thus save considerable time and resources by completing the research in a timely fashion and avoiding unnecessary duplication of research efforts. Productive and significant research on the biology of virus vectors requires interdisciplinary collaboration.
- Identification and characterization of the phytopathogenic viruses, viroids, and phytoplasmas that impact fruit tree, small fruit and grapevine production in North America and Hawaii. Pathogen isolates will be exchanged as necessary and with properly authorized permits. Newly developed molecular diagnostic reagents and procedures that allow better characterization of diverse pathogens will also be distributed.
- Develop and evaluate techniques to produce and maintain pathogen-free planting materials. Provide scientific expertise to stakeholders, as well as state and federal programs that disseminate planting materials. Rationalization of the list of fruit tree diseases will facilitate the development of appropriate regionally needed testing programs for certification. The national effort will result in a joint publication and will provide the basis for future development of testing standards
- Develop, optimize, and disseminate standard detection protocols to members, and participants in the National Clean Plant network as well as state and federal (APHIS and CFIA) regulatory agencies. Compare the accuracy and reliability of rapid pathogen detection/identification techniques with graft-indexing protocols currently used in clean stock and regulatory programs. The successful implementation and acceptance of rapid pathogen detection systems will save commercial nurseries and governmental agencies considerable money, space and time. In addition to providing protection against foreign, exotic pathogens, new diagnostic capabilities will expedite the introduction of new planting materials and keep American and Canadian growers competitive in the world marketplace.
Projected Participation
View Appendix E: ParticipationEducational Plan
Annual meetings and written progress reports provide important forums for members to become acquainted with the most recent research accomplishments and emerging disease situations. Minutes of annual meetings and reports are displayed on the internet for public access. A stable email address has been established to facilitate our ability to solicit assistance outside of the regularly scheduled annual meetings. Several members are participants in the National Clean Plant Network or federal and state regulatory agencies. Information presented at meetings is therefore rapidly assimilated and, where feasible, quickly integrated into these programs. The results of collaborations are transferred to clientele through participation in annual meetings that are held at locations that rotate around North America and through the publication of collaborative research efforts in refereed discipline oriented and popular press publications.
Organization/Governance
Positions are elected from membership. Chair serves a term of one year. Duties include organizing annual meeting and chairing the meeting. Secretary serves a term of one year. Previous year's secretary moves to Chair position. Duties include recording minutes and disseminating them to members by e-mail and reporting minutes to NIMMS system. The annual general meeting will alternate between east and west coast.
Literature Cited
2010
Alabi OJ, Martin RR, Naidu RA. 2010. Sequence diversity, population genetics and potential recombination events in Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus in Pacific Northwest Vineyards. Journal of General Virology 91:265-276.
Chatterjee S, Killiny N, Almeida RPP, Lindow SE. 2010. Role of cyclic di-GMP in Xylella fastidiosa biofilm formation, plant virulence and insect transmission. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 23:1356-1363.
Crosslin JM, Eastwell KC, Davitt CM, Abad JA. 2010. First report of seedborne Cherry leaf roll virus in wild potato, Solanum acaule, from South America. Plant Disease 94:782-783.
Daugherty MP, Lopes JRS, Almeida RPP. 2010. Vector within-host feeding preference mediates transmission of a heterogeneously distributed pathogen. Ecological Entomology 35:360-366.
Daugherty MP, Lopes JRS, Almeida RPP. 2010. Strain-specific alfalfa water stress induced by Xylella fastidiosa. European Journal of Plant Pathology 127:333-340.
Demangeat G, Komar V, VanGhelder C, Voisin R, Lemaire O, Esmenjaud D, Fuchs M. 2010. Competency of seven single-female Xiphinema index lines for Grapevine fanleaf virus. Phytopathology 100:384-389.
Eastwell KC, Howell WE. 2010. Characterization of Cherry leaf roll virus in sweet cherry in Washington State. Plant Disease 94:1067.
Eastwell KC, Villamor DV, McKinney CV, Druffel KL. 2010. Characterization of an isolate of Sowbane mosaic virus. Archives of Virology 155:2065-2067.
Eskalen A, Vidalakis G, O'Connell N. 2010. Citrus quick decline: a disease complex. Citrograph 1: 22-23.
Fuchs M, Abawi GS, Marsella-Herrick P, Cox R, Cox KD, Carroll JE, Martin RR. 2010. Occurrence of Tobacco ringspot virus and Tomato ringspot virus in highbush blueberry in New York State. Journal of Plant Pathology 92:451-460.
Gutha LR, Casassa LF, Harbertson JF, Naidu RA. 2010. Modulation of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway genes and anthocyanins due to virus infection in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) leaves. BMC Plant Biology 2010:10:187.
Hajeri S, Ramadugu C, Keremane M, Vidalakis G, Lee R. 2010. Nucleotide Sequence and Genome Organization of Dweet mottle virus and Its Relationship to Members of the Family Betaflexiviridae. Archives of Virology 155:15231527.
Jarugula S, Alabi OJ, Martin RR, Naidu RA. 2010. Genetic variability of natural populations of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-2 in Pacific Northwest vineyards. Phytopathology 100:698-707.
Jarugula S, Gowda S, Dawson WO, Naidu RA. 2010. 3'-coterminal subgenomic RNAs and putative cis-acting elements of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 reveals 'unique' features of gene expression strategy in the genus Ampelovirus. Virology Journal 7:180.
Killiny N, Prado SS, Almeida RPP. 2010. Chitin utilization by the insect-transmitted bacterium Xylella fastidiosa. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76:6134-6140.
Komar V, Vigne E, Demangeat G, Lemaire O, Fuchs M. 2010. Comparative performance analysis of virus-infected Vitis vinifera cv. Savagnin rose grafted onto three rootstocks. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 61:68-73.
Krueger R, Vidalakis G. 2010. National Clean Plant Network (NCPN) Citrus Clean Plant Network Formed. International Organization of Citrus Virologists Newsletter, May 2010.
Lopes JRS, Daugherty MP, Almeida RPP. 2010. Strain origin drives virulence and persistence of Xylella fastidiosa in alfalfa. Plant Pathology 59:963-971.
Marmonier A, Schellenberger P, Esmenjaud D, Schmitt-Keichinger C, Ritzenthaler C, Andret-Link P, Lemaire O, Fuchs M, Demangeat G. 2010. The coat protein determines the specificity of virus transmission by Xiphinema diversicaudatum. Journal of Plant Pathology 92:275-279.
Naidu RA. 2010. Virus Diseases. In: Pest Management Guide for Grapes in Washington. WSU Extension Bulletin EB0762, pp.24-27.
Naidu RA. 2010. Fan leaf threat: A concerted effort is needed to prevent its spread. Good Fruit Grower February 15, 2010, Volume 61, No.4, pages 26-27.
Oliver JE, Vigne E, Fuchs M. 2010. Genetic structure and molecular variability of Grapevine fanleaf virus populations. Virus Research 152:30-40.
Prado SS, Hung KY, Daugherty MP, Almeida RPP. 2010. Indirect effects of temperature on stink bug fitness via maintenance of gut-associated symbionts. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76:1261-1266.
Schellenberger P, Andret-Link P, Schmitt-Keichinger C, Bergdoll M, Marmonier A, Vigne E, Lemaire O, Fuchs M, Demangeat G, Ritzenthaler C. 2010. A stretch of 11 amino acids in the beta B- beta C loop of the coat protein of Grapevine fanleaf virus is essential for transmission by the nematode Xiphinema index. Journal of Virology 84:7924-7933.
Tsai CW, Rowhani A, Golino DA, Daane KM, Almeida RPP. 2010. Mealybug transmission of grapevine leafroll viruses: an analysis of virus-vector specificity. Phytopathology 100:830-834.
Tzanetakis IE, Martin RR, Scott SW. 2010. Genomic sequences of blackberry chlorotic ringspot virus and strawberry necrotic shock virus and the phylogeny of viruses in subgroup 1 of the genus Ilarvirus. Archives of Virology 155:557-561.
Vidalakis G, da Graça JV, Dixon WN, Ferrin D, Kesinger M, Krueger RR, Lee RF, Melzer MJ, Olive J, Polek M, Sieburth PJ, Williams LL, Wright GC. 2010. Citrus quarantine, sanitary and certification programs in the USA. Prevention of introduction and distribution of citrus pests. Part 2- certification schemes and national programs and efforts. Citrograph 4:27-39.
Vidalakis G, da Graça JV, Dixon WN, Ferrin D, Kesinger M, Krueger RR, Lee RF, Melzer MJ, Olive J, Polek M, Sieburth PJ, Williams LL, Wright GC. 2010. Citrus quarantine, sanitary and certification programs in the USA. Prevention of introduction and distribution of citrus pests. Part 1-quarantine and introduction programs. Citrograph, 3: 26-35.
Vidalakis G, Pagliaccia D, Bash JA, Semancik JS. 2010. Effects of mixtures of citrus viroids as Transmissible small nuclear RNA (TsnRNA) on tree dwarfing and commercial scion performance on Carrizo citrange rootstock. Annals of Applied Biology 157:415-423.
2009
Almeida RPP, Bennett GM, Anhalt MD, Tsai CW, O'Grady P. 2009. Spread of an introduced vector-borne banana virus in Hawaii. Molecular Ecology 18:136-146.
Al Rwahnih M, Daubert S, Golino D, Rowhani A. 2009. Deep sequencing analysis of RNAs from a grapevine showing Syrah decline symptoms reveal a multiple virus infection that includes a novel virus. Virology 387:395-401. Cox KD, Fuchs M. 2009. Virus diseases of small fruit: Tips for avoiding and assessing presence of viruses in blueberries and raspberries. Proc. Empire State Fruit & Vegetable Expo, February 12-14, Syracuse, NY.
Daugherty MP, Almeida RPP. 2009. Estimating Xylella fastidiosa transmission parameters: decoupling sharpshooter number and feeding period. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 132:84-92.
Daugherty MP, Bosco D, Almeida RPP. 2009. Temperature mediates vector transmission efficiency: inoculum supply and plant infection dynamics. Annals of Applied Biology 155:361-369.
Eastwell KC. 2009. Hop stunt viroid. IN: Field Guide for Integrated Pest Management in Hops. Gent DH, et al. eds. Washington Hop Commission, Moxee, WA, pp. 30-31.
Eastwell KC, Barbara DJ. 2009. Carlavirus Complex: American hop latent virus, Hop latent virus and Hop mosaic virus. IN: Field Guide for Integrated Pest Management in Hops. Gent DH, et al. eds. Washington Hop Commission, Moxee, WA, p. 28.
Eastwell KC, Barbara DJ. 2009. Apple mosaic virus. IN: Field Guide for Integrated Pest Management in Hops. Gent DH, et al. eds. Washington Hop Commission, Moxee, WA, p. 29.
Eastwell KC, Barbara DJ. 2009. Other Viruses, Viroids, and Virus-Like Agents. IN: Field Guide for Integrated Pest Management in Hops. Gent DH, et al. eds. Washington Hop Commission, Moxee, WA, pp. 32-33.
Eastwell KC, Dutoit LJ, Druffel KL. 2009. Helleborus net necrosis virus: a new Carlavirus associated with 'black death' of Helleborus spp. Plant Disease 93:332-338.
Fuchs M. 2009. What is the Clean Plant Network? In: Proc. 59th Annual Finger Lakes Grape Growers Conference, March 6-7, Waterloo, NY.
Fuchs M. 2009. Leafroll disease: impact on grapevines and wine quality. Virginia Vineyards Association, March 19-20, Charlottesville, VA.
Fuchs M, Loeb GM, Martinson TE, Hoch HC. 2009. Diversity of ampeloviruses in mealybug and soft scale vectors and in grapevine hosts from leafroll-affected vineyards. Phytopathology 99:1177-1184.
Fuchs M, Martinson T, Loeb G. 2009. Leafroll virus updates: 2008 findings, fruit impacts and insect vectors. In: Proc. 59th Annual Finger Lakes Grape Growers Conference, March 6-7, Waterloo, NY.
Fuchs M, Martinson TE, Loeb GM, Hoch HC. 2009. Survey for the three major leafroll disease-associated viruses in Finger Lakes vineyards in New York. Plant Disease 93:395-401.
Hooks CRR, Fukuda S, Perez EA, Manandhar R, Wang KH, Wright MG Almeida RPP. 2009. Aphid transmission of Banana bunchy top virus to banana after treatment with a bananacide. Journal of Economic Entomology 102:493-499.
Hooks CRR, Manandhar R, Perez EA, Wang KH, Almeida RPP. 2009. Comparative susceptibility of two banana cultivars to Banana bunchy top virus under laboratory and field environments. Journal of Economic Entomology 102:897-904.
Killiny N, Almeida RPP. 2009. Host structural carbohydrate induces vector transmission of a bacterial plant pathogen. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 106:22416-22420.
Killiny N, Almeida RPP. 2009. Xylella fastidiosa afimbrial adhesins mediate cell transmission to plants by leafhopper vectors. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75:521-528.
Lopes JRS, Daugherty MP, Almeida RPP. 2009. Context-dependent transmission of a generalist plant pathogen: host species and pathogen strain mediate insect vector competence. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 131:216-224.
Mekuria TA, Gutha LR, Martin RR, Naidu RA. 2009. Genome diversity and intra- and interspecies recombination events in Grapevine fanleaf virus. Phytopathology 99:1394-1402.
Mekuria TA, Karasev AV, Martin RR, Naidu RA. 2009. First report of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-3 in six wine grape cultivars in Idaho. Plant Disease 93:1218.
Naidu RA. 2009. Virus Diseases. In: Pest Management Guide for Grapes in Washington. WSU Extension Bulletin EB0762, pp.24-27.
Naidu RA, Perry EM, Pierce FJ, Mekuria T. 2009. The potential of spectral reflectance technique for detecting Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-3 in two red-berried wine grape cultivars. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 66: 38-45.
Oliver JE, Freer J, Andersen RL, Cox K, Robinson TL, Fuchs M. 2009. Genetic diversity of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus isolates within a cherry orchard in New York. Plant Disease 93:599-606.
Prado SS, Almeida RPP. 2009. Role of symbiotic gut bacteria in the development of Acrosternum hilare and Murgantia histrionica (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae). Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 132:21-29.
Prado SS, Almeida RPP. 2009. Phylogenetic placement of pentatomid stink bug gut symbionts. Current Microbiology 58:64-69.
Prado SS, Golden M, Follett PA, Daugherty MP, Almeida RPP. 2009. Demography of gut symbiotic and aposymbiotic Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae). Environmental Entomology 38:103-109.
Rao W-L, Zhang K, Li R. 2009. First Report of Cherry virus A in Sweet Cherry Trees in China. Plant Disease 93:425.
Riga E, Larsen R, Eastwell KC, Guerra N, Guerra L, Crosslin JM. 2009. Rapid detection of Tobacco rattle tobravirus in viruliferous Paratrichodorus allius from greenhouse and field specimens. Journal of Nematology 41:60-63.
Tzanetakis IE, Guzmán-Baeny TL, VanEsbroeck ZP, Fernandez GE, ?artin RR. 2009. First report of Impatiens necrotic spot virus in blackberry Southeastern United States. Plant Disease 93:432.
Vidalakis G, da Graça JV, Dixon WN, Kesinger M, Krueger RR, Lee RF, Polek M, Sieburth PJ, Williams LL, Wright GC. 2009. Quarantine, sanitary and certification programs to prevent citrus quarantine pests in the USA. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Citrus Quarantine Pests. Villahermosa, Tabasco, México, July 27-31.
Vigne E, Marmonier A, Komar V, Lemaire O, Fuchs M. 2009. Genetic structure and variability of virus populations in cross-protected grapevines superinfected by Grapevine fanleaf virus. Virus Research 144:154-162.
2008
Almeida RPP. 2008. Ecology of emerging vector-borne plant diseases. p70-77. In: Institute of Medicine Forum on Vector-borne diseases: Understanding the environmental, human health, and ecological connections. The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. 350p.
Almeida RPP, Nascimento FE, Chau J, Prado SS, Tsai CW, Lopes SA, Lopes JRS. 2008. Genetic structure and biology of Xylella fastidiosa causing disease in citrus and coffee in Brazil. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74:3690-3701.
Anhalt MD, Almeida RPP. 2008. Effect of temperature, vector life stage and plant access period on transmission of Banana bunchy top virus to banana. Phytopathology 98:743-748.
Bajet NB, Unruh TR, Druffel KL, Eastwell KC. 2008. Occurrence of two little cherry viruses in sweet cherries in Washington State. Plant Disease 92:234-238.
Chatterjee S, Almeida RPP, Lindow SE. 2008. Living in two worlds: the plant and insect lifestyles of Xylella fastidiosa. Annual Review of Phytopathology 46:243-271.
Eastwell KC, Glass JR, Druffel KL. 2008. First report of infection of poison hemlock and celery by Apium virus Y in Washington State. Plant Disease 92:1710.
Fuchs, M. 2008. Conventional and Molecular Strategies for the Control of Leafroll Disease, June 10, Davis, CA. http://stream.ucanr.org/leafroll/Fuchs/index/htm.
Fuchs M, Cox R, Cox K. 2008. Plum pox disease of stone fruits. IPM Fact Sheet. http://nysipm.cornell.edu/factsheets/treefruit/diseases/pp/pp.pdf
Fuchs M, Martinson TE, Loeb GM, Hoch CH. 2008. Leafroll virus in Finger Lakes vineyards. Finger Lakes Vineyard Notes 7:11-13.
Fuchs M, Martinson TE, Loeb GM, Hoch HC. 2008. Survey for the three major leafroll disease-associated viruses in Finger Lakes Vineyards in New York. National Viticulture Research Conference, July 9-11, Davis, CA. http://groups.ucanr.org/nvrc/2008_CONFERENCE_OVERVIEW/2008_NVRC_PRECEEDINGS.htm
Golino DA, Almeida RPP. 2008. Studies needed of vectors spreading leafroll disease in California vineyards. California Agriculture 62:174.
Golino DA, Weber E, Sim S, Rowhani A. 2008. Leafroll disease is spreading rapidly in a Napa Valley vineyard. California Agriculture 62:156-160.
Hooks CRR, Wright MG, Kabasawa DS, Manandhar R, Almeida RPP. 2008. Effect of Banana bunchy top virus infection on morphology and growth characteristics of banana. Annals of Applied Biology 153:1-9.
Jarugula S, Soule MJ, Rowhani A, Naidu RA. 2008. First report of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-9 in Washington State vineyards. Plant Disease 92:485.
Komar V, Vigne E, Demangeat G, Lemaire O, Fuchs M. 2008. Cross-protection as control strategy against Grapevine fanleaf virus in naturally infected vineyards. Plant Disease 92:1689-1694.
Li R, Mock R, Huang Q, Abad J, Hartung J, Kinard G. 2008. A reliable and inexpensive method of nucleic acid extraction for the PCR-based detection of diverse plant pathogens. Journal of Virological Methods 154:48-55.
Martinson T, Fuchs M, Loeb G, Hoch H. 2008. Grapevine leafroll: an increasing problem in the Finger Lakes, the US and the World. Finger Lakes Vineyard Notes 6:6-11.
Mekuria T, Martin RR, Naidu R A. 2008. First report of the occurrence of Grapevine fanleaf virus in Washington State vineyards. Plant Disease 92:1250.
Murolo S, Romanazzi G, Rowhani A, Minafra A, La Notte P, Branzanti MB, Savino V. 2008. Genetic variability and population structure of Grapevine virus A coat protein gene from naturally infected Italian vines. European Journal of Plant Pathology 120:137-145.
Naidu RA, ONeil S, Walsh D. 2008. Grapevine leafroll disease. WSU Extension Bulletin EB2027E. 20pp. http://wine.wsu.edu/research-extension/files/2010/07/virus-ext-bull.pdf.
Osman F, Leutenegger C, Golino DA, Rowhani A. 2008. Comparison of low-density RT-PCR and real-time TaqMan RT-PCR in detection of grapevine viruses. Journal of Virological Methods 149:292-299.
Osman F, Rowhani A. 2008. Real-time RT-PCR (TaqMan) assay for the detection of viruses associated with rugose wood complex of grapevine. Journal of Virological Methods 154:69-75.
Pahalawatta V, Druffel K, Wyatt S, Eastwell KC, Pappu H. 2008. Genome structure and organization of a novel and distinct species of genus Caulimovirus associated with dahlia mosaic. Archives of Virology 153:733-738.
Pappu H, Druffel KL, Eastwell KC. 2008. Canna yellow mottle virus in Canna in Washington State. Plant Disease 92:1136.
Pethybridge SJ, Hay FS, Barbara DJ, Eastwell KC, Wilson CR. 2008. Viruses and Viroids Infecting Hop: Significance, Epidemiology and Management. Plant Disease 92:324-338.
Prado SS, Lopes JRS, Demetrio CGB, Borgatto AF, Almeida RPP. 2008. Host colonization differences between citrus and coffee isolates of Xylella fastidiosa in reciprocal inoculation. Scientia Agricola 65: 251-258.
Segwagwe AT, Putnam ML, Druffel KL, Pappu HR, Eastwell KC. 2008. Molecular characterization of a new tymovirus from Diascia ornamental plants. Archives of Virology 153:1495-1503.
Susaimuthu J, Tzanetakis IE, Gergerich RC, Kim KS, Martin RR. 2008. Viral interactions lead to decline of blackberry plants. Plant Disease 92:1288-1292.
Susaimuthu J, Tzanetakis IE, Gergerich RC, Martin RR. 2008. A member of a new genus in the Potyviridae infects Rubus. Virus Research 131:145-151.
Tsai CW, Chau J, Fernandez L, Bosco D, Daane KM, Almeida RPP. 2008. Transmission of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 by the vine mealybug (Planococcus ficus). Phytopathology 98:1093-1098.
Tzanetakis IE, Price R, Martin RR. 2008. Nucleotide sequence of the tripartite Fragaria chiloensis cryptic virus and presence of the virus in the Americas. Virus Genes 36:267-272.
Vigne E, Marmonier A, Fuchs M. 2008. Multiple interspecies recombination events within RNA2 of Grapevine fanleaf virus and Arabis mosaic virus. Archives of Virology 153:1771-1776.
2007
Almeida RPP. 2007. Glassy-winged sharpshooter transmission of Xylella fastidiosa to plants. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 39:83-86.
Al Rwahnih M, Uyemoto JK, Falk BW, Rowhani A. 2007. Molecular characterization and detection of plum bark necrosis stem pitting-associated virus. Archives of Virology 152:2197-2206.
Eastwell KC, Nelson ME. 2007. Occurrence of viroids in commercial hop (Humulus lupulus L.) production areas of Washington State. Plant Health Progress doi:10.1094/PHP-2007-1127-01-RS.
Fuchs M. 2007. Grape leafroll disease. IPM Fact Sheet. http://nysipm.cornell.edu/factsheets/grapes/diseases/grape_leafroll.pdf
Halgren AB, Tzanetakis IE, Martin RR. 2007. Identification, characterization, and detection of Black raspberry necrosis virus. Phytopathology 97: 44-50.
Komar V, Vigne E, Demangeat G, Fuchs M. 2007. Beneficial effect of selective virus elimination on the performance of Vitis vinifera cv. Chardonnay. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 58:202-210.
Li R, Hartung JS. 2007. Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection of Plant Viruses. Current Protocols in Microbiology. 16C: 1-9
Naidu RA. 2007. Accurate diagnosis is critical for the management of grapevine leafroll disease. WSU Wine and Grape Research and Extension News Letter 17(3):5-6.
Osman F, Leutenegger C, Golino D, Rowhani A. 2007. Real-time RT-PCR assays for the detection of Grapevine leafroll associated viruses 1-5 and 9. Journal of Virological Methods 141:22-29.
Pompe-Novak M, Guiérrez-Aguirre I, Vojvoda J, Blas M, Tomazic I, Vigne E, Fuchs M, Ravnikar M, Petrovic N. 2007. Genetic variability within RNA2 of Grapevine fanleaf virus. European Journal of Plant Pathology 117:307-312.
Robson JD, Wright MG, Almeida RPP. 2007. Effect of imidacloprid foliar treatment and banana leaf age on Pentalonia nigronervosa (Hemiptera, Aphididae) survival. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 35:415-422.
Robson JD, Wright MG, Almeida RPP. 2007. Biology of Pentalonia nigronervosa (Hemiptera, Aphididae) on banana using different rearing methods. Environmental Entomology 36:46-52.
Rosa C, Polek M, Falk BW, Rowhani A. 2007. Improved efficiency for quantitative and qualitative indexing for Citrus tristeza virus and Citrus psorosis virus. Plant Disease 91:1089-1095.
Susaimuthu J, Gergerich RC, Bray MM, Clay KA, Clack JR, Tzanetakis IE, Martin RR. 2007. The incidence and ecology of Blackberry yellow vein associated virus. Plant Disease 91:809-813.
Tzanetakis IE, Halgren AB, Mosier N, Martin RR. 2007. Identification and characterization of Raspberry mottle virus, a novel member of the Closteroviridae. Virus Research 127:26-33.
Tzanetakis IE, Martin RR. 2007. Strawberry chlorotic fleck: Identification and characterization of a novel Closterovirus associated with the disease. Virus Research 124: 88-94.
Tzanetakis IE, Postman JD, Martin RR. 2007. First report of Blackberry chlorotic ringspot virus in Rubus sp. in the United States. Plant Disease 91:463.
2006
Almeida RPP, Purcell AH. 2006. Patterns of Xylella fastidiosa colonization on the precibarium of leafhopper vectors relative to transmission to plants. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 99:884-890.
Borth WB, Fukuda SK, Hamasaki RT, Hu JS, Almeida RPP. 2006. Detection, characterisation and transmission by Macrosteles leafhoppers of watercress yellows phytoplasma in Hawaii. Annals of Applied Biology 149:357-363.
Chee HY, Nelson ME, Grove GG, Eastwell KC, Kenny ST, Klein RE. 2006. Population biology of Pseudoperonospora humuli, in Oregon and Washington. Plant Disease 90:1283-1286.
Eastwell KC, Sholberg PL, Sayler RJ. 2006. Characterizing potential bacterial biocontrol agents for suppression of Rhizobium vitis, causal agent of crown gall disease in grapevines. Crop Protection 25:1191-1200.
Fuchs M. 2006. Risks to New York and Eastern vineyards from viral diseases: Whats there to worry about and what are the research plans? Proc. 57th Finger Lakes Grapes Growers Convention, p.45, March 3-4, Waterloo, NY.
Joyce PA, Constable FE, Crosslin J, Eastwell K, Howell WE, Rodini BC. 2006. Characterisation of Pear blister canker viroid isolates from Australian pome fruit orchards. Australasian Plant Pathology 35:465-471.
Li R, Mock RG. 2006. Characterization of a flowering cherry strain of Cherry green ring mottle virus. Archives of Virology 153:973-978.
Naidu RA. 2006. Grapevine leafroll disease in Washington State vineyards. WSU Wine and Grape Research and Extension News Letter 16:5-8.
Polek ML, Vidalakis G, Godfrey K. 2006. Citrus Bacterial Canker Disease and Huanglongbing (Citrus Greening). UC ANR Publication 8218, 12 pages.
Prado SS, Rubinoff D, Almeida RPP. 2006. Vertical transmission of a pentatomid caeca-associated symbiont. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 99:577-585.
Robson JD, Wright MG, Almeida RPP. 2006. Within-plant distribution and binomial sampling plan of Pentalonia nigronervosa (Hemiptera, Aphididae) on banana. Journal of Economic Entomology 99:2185-2190.
Saldarelli P, Cornuet P, Vigne E, Dridi MA, Firas T, Boscia D, Bronnekant I, Andret-Link P, Gugerli P, Fuchs M, Martelli GP. 2006. Partial characterization of two divergent variants of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 4. Journal of Plant Pathology 88:203-214.
Soule MJ, Eastwell KC, Naidu RA. 2006. First report of Grapevine leafroll associated virus-3 in American Vitis spp. grapevines in Washington State. Plant Disease 90:1461.
Susaimuthu J, Tzanetakis IE, Gergerich RC, Martin RR. 2006. Yellow vein-affected blackberries and the presence of a novel Crinivirus. Plant Pathology 55:607-613.
Tzanetakis IE, Postman JD, Gergerich RC, Martin RR. 2006. A virus between families: nucleotide sequence and evolution of Strawberry latent ringspot virus. Virus Research 121:199-204.
Tzanetakis IE, Wintermantel WM, Cortez AA, Barnes JE, Barrett SM, Bolda MP, Martin RR. 2006. Epidemiology of Strawberry pallidosis associated virus and occurrence of pallidosis disease in North America. Plant Disease 90:1343-1346.