NC_OLD1034: Impact Analyses and Decision Strategies for Agricultural Research (NC1003)

(Multistate Research Project)

Status: Inactive/Terminating

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SAES-422 Reports

Annual/Termination Reports:

[04/15/2007] [02/02/2010] [07/12/2010] [04/26/2011]

Date of Annual Report: 04/15/2007

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 03/30/2007 - 03/31/2007
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2005 - 09/01/2006

Participants

Participants
* denotes NC-1034 members
participants from disciplines other than economics or agricultural economics noted

Irma Adelman ; U.C. Berkeley
Daniel Alexander; (law)
A. A. (Jim) Araji* ; Idaho
Barton, John ; Stanford (law)
Rakesh Basant ; Indian Institute of Management
Alan Bennett ; UC-Davis (plant biology)
Ernst Berndt ; MIT
Iain Cockburn ; Boston University
Sudip Chaudhuri ; Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta
Dirk Czarnitzki ; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
Robert Evenson ; Yale
Eihab Fathelrahman* ; Colorado Sate
W. J. Florkowski* ; Georgia
George Frisvold* ; Arizona
Lutz Goedde ; Gates Foundation
Gregory Graff ; UC-Berkeley
Dietmar Harhoff ; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München,
Dana L. Hoag* ; Colorado State
Wallace E. Huffman* ; Iowa State
John L. King ; USDA-ERS
Dave Lambert* ; North Dakota State
Peter Lanjouw ; World Bank
Marshall Martin* (Administrative Advisor) ; Purdue
Will Martin ; World Bank
William A. Masters* ; Purdue
GianCarlo Moschini* ; Iowa State
Charles B. Moss* ; Florida
James F. Oehmke* ; Michigan State
Carl Pray* ; Rutgers (New Jersey)
Martin Ravallion ; World Bank
Elisabeth Sadoulet ; UC-Berkeley
Andrew Schmitz ; Florida
Guanming Shi* ; Wisoncsin
Don Siegel ; UC-Riverside
C. Richard Shumway* ; Washington State
Sir Nick Stern ; HM Treasury Government of the United Kingdom
Hiroyuki Takeshima ; Illinois
Andrew Toole ; Rutgers (New Jersey)
John Van Reenen ;
Dick Wilder ;PTO Office of Legislation and External Affairs (law)
Brian Wright* ; UC-Berkeley
David Zilberman* ; UC-Berkeley
Alix Zwane* ; UC-Berkeley

Participants Attachment:

Attachment

Brief Summary of Minutes

This years NC-1034 research symposium Agricultural Research, Intellectual Property and Incentives for Innovation was held in conjunction with the Jenny Lanjouw Memorial Conference at the University of California, Berkeley on March 30-31, 2007. Along with presentations by project participants, the NC-1034 symposium featured a presentation by Dr. Don Siegel on assessing the performance of university technology transfer in the U.S. and the U.K. Dr. Siegel is Professor of Entrepreneurship and Associate Dean of the A. Gary Anderson Graduate School of Management at the University of California at Riverside, a co-editor of the Journal of Technology Transfer, an international journal devoted to the managerial and policy implications of technology transfer. He also serves as President of the Technology Transfer Society, a non-profit organization devoted to the interdisciplinary scholarly analysis of technology transfer from universities and federal laboratories to firms. Dr. Siegel also spoke to symposium participants about Journal of Technology Transfer and the Technology Transfer Society.
The Jenny Lanjouw Memorial Conference included presentations by Jenny's academic collaborators and friends, as well as those from the worlds of law, business and government and international institutions whose interests relate to the topics addressed in
Jenny's own work. Topics included value of patents, determinants of patent litigation, estimation of inequality in developing countries, and the relation between intellectual property protection and the welfare of citizens in the poorest countries. Please see full conference program in the Publications link of the NC-1034 home page.

The NC-1034 Business Meeting was held on March 30. The meeting was attended by formal NC-1034 participants as well as paper presenters from the research symposium.
Administrative Advisor Marshall Martin (Purdue) discussed, for the benefit of non-participants, the process to become an NC-1034 member. He noted that depending on the experiment station, participation may serve as a vehicle for Hatch funding. He noted that the project has been recently renewed and will come up for mid-term review in about 2 years. The project will be subject to independently North Central Advisory Committee review. Martin discussed the difference between NC projects and NCCC and NCERA projects. NC projects involve integrated, often interdisciplinary, and multistate activities; have expected outcomes, including original research results; convey knowledge; and are peer reviewed. A key element here is that research is actually carried out collaboratively by participants across states and that the purpose of meeting is more than information sharing. If major activities are primarily information exchange then NCCCs (NC Coordinating Committees) would be the more appropriate form of organization. Alternatively, NCERAs integrate education (academic and/or extension) and research on a particular topic. George Frisvold (Arizona) that (a) much of NC-1034 activities involves collaborative research across two or more states and (b) he could do more to highlight such collaboration in annual reports (please see Accomplishments section of the annual report).

Martin discussed three proposals before Congress regarding agricultural research funding. The Administrations USDA 2007 Farm Bill Proposals: Title VIIResearch. www.usda.gov/documents/07finalfbp.pdf calls for re-organizing USDA research agencies and establishing new competitive grant funding mechanisms for national priority areas. It also would establish an annual $50 million Agricultural Bioenergy and Bio-Based Products Research Initiative. A USDA panel led by William Danforth, Chancellor Emeritus of Washington University proposed establishing a National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) within USDA. A draft of the proposal is available at: http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/Place/00000000/NATIONAL.doc . Martin also discussed the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges (NASULGC) proposal, Creating Research, Extension, and Teaching Excellence for the 21st Century (CREATE-21) www.create-21.org/. CREATE-21 would also establish a NIFA, but also provide capacity funding along with increased competitive grant funding.

There was then general discussion of levels and mechanisms of funding for agricultural research being proposed for the new farm bill. There was also discussion about the best ways to report impacts of research. Participants also discussed possible themes and venues for the 2008 NC-1034 research symposium. Topics included biofuels and energy, evaluation of natural resource management research, and research on nutrition.

A motion was introduced and passed to hold the 2008 NC-1034 research symposium in spring in Washington, DC (possibly at the USDA-Economic Research Service) on the topic of evaluating research on biofuels and renewable energy development. David Zilberman (UC-Berkeley), GianCarlo Moschini (Iowa State University) and John King (USDA-ERS) volunteered to form the symposium planning committee.

Finally, motions were introduced and passed to elect George Frisvold (Arizona) president and Jeremy Foltz (Wisconsin) secretary of NC-

Minutes Attachment:

Attachment

Accomplishments

This fiscal year the project produced more than 60 peer-reviewed journal articles book chapters, and books (see attached publications list). Of these publications, 20 were co-authored by two or more NC-1003 participants from different institutions, working collaboratively. Revised papers from the 2005 conference were published this year in the edited volume Just, R.E., J.M. Alston, and D. Zilberman (eds). The Economics of Regulation of Agricultural Biotechnologies. Springer-Verlag publishers, 2006. Regular edited volumes published by NC-1034 participants, focusing on particular themes is a key way to stimulate member collaboration, obtain peer responses and suggestions, and focus research on specific problem areas. Other examples of collaboration among NC-1034 members include: (1) a special issue of AgBioForum on Innovation and Dynamic Efficiency in Agricultural Biotechnology guest edited James F. Oehmke, Carl Pray, and Anwar Naseem. (2) a pre-conference workshop on Biosciences and Biotechnology Policy convened by Julian Alston and Phil Pardey in conjuction with the International Association of Agricultural Economists 2006 meetings. (3) a special report to the Gates Foundation on biofortification co-authored by C. Juma, R. Paarlberg, C. Pray and L. Unnevehr. (4)Choices article "Winners and Losers: Formula versus Competitive Funding of Agricultural Research," by W.E. Huffman, G. Norton, G. Traxler, G. Frisvold, and J. Foltz. NC-1034 participants have also included multi-disciplinary collaborations with scientists if fields of agronomy, animal science, biochemistry, biotechnology, crop science, entomology, forestry, law, plant biology, plant breeding, plant pathology, plant science, psychology, range science, and weed science.

Publications

Publications Alston, J.M., K.J. Bradford, and N. Kalaitzandonakes. The Economics of Horticultural Biotechnology. Journal of Crop Improvement (special volume entitled Transgenic Approaches for Horticultural/Ornamental Crop Improvement) 18,2 (2006): 413-431. Alston, J.M., S. Dehmer, and P.G. Pardey. International Initiatives in Agricultural R&D: The Changing Fortunes of the CGIAR. Chapter 12 in Pardey, P.G., J.M. Alston, and R.R. Piggott eds., Agricultural R&D Policy in the Developing World: Too Little, Too Late? Washington DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2006. Alston, J.M., R.E. Just and D. Zilberman. What Have We Learned, and Where Do We Go From Here? Chapter 30 of R.E. Just, J.M. Alston, and D. Zilberman (eds). Regulating Agricultural Biotechnology: Economics and Policy. New York: Springer-Verlag publishers, 2006. Alston, J.M. and P.G. Pardey. Agricultural productivity. From Part D.a, Economic Sectors, agriculture (Olmstead, Alston, Gardner, Pardey, Rhode, and Sumner, eds.) in Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Times to the Present, Carter, Gartner, Haines, Olmstead, Sutch, and Wright, eds. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp. 4.19 to 4.27, 2006. Alston, J.M. and P.G. Pardey; A.K.A. Acquaye, contributor. [Tables] Productivity and investment. From Part D.a, Economic Sectors, agriculture (Olmstead, Alston, Gardner, Pardey, Rhode, and Sumner, eds.) in Historical Statistics of the United States: Earliest Times to the Present, Carter, Gartner, Haines, Olmstead, Sutch, and Wright, eds. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp. 4.193 to 4.225, 2006. Alston, J.M. and P.G. Pardey. Developing-Country Perspectives on Agricultural R&D: New Pressures for Self-Reliance? Chapter 2 in Pardey, P.G., J.M. Alston, and R.R. Piggott eds., Agricultural R&D Policy in the Developing World: Too Little, Too Late? Washington DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2006. Alston, J.M., P.G. Pardey, and R.R. Piggott. Agricultural R&D Policy in the Developing World: Synthesis of Themes and Policy Issues. Chapter 13 in Pardey, P.G., J.M. Alston, and R.R. Piggott, eds. Agricultural R&D Policy in the Developing World: Too Little, Too Late? Washington DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2006. Alston, J.M., P.G. Pardey, and R.R. Piggott. Agricultural R&D Policy in the Developing World: Introduction and Overview. Chapter 1 in Pardey, P.G., R.R. Piggott, and J.M. Alston, eds. Agricultural R&D Policy in the Developing World: Too Little, Too Late? Washington DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2006. Bradford, K.J., J.M. Alston, and N. Kalaitzandonakes. Regulation of Biotechnology for Horticultural Crops. Chapter 29 of R.E. Just, J.M. Alston, and D. Zilberman (eds). Regulating Agricultural Biotechnology: Economics and Policy. New York: Springer-Verlag publishers, 2006. Bulut, H. and Moschini, G., "Patents, Trade Secrets and the Correlation among R&D Projects," Economics Letters 91(2006):131-137. Butt, T.A., B.A. McCarl, and A.O. Kergna, "Policies For Reducing Agricultural Sector Vulnerability To Climate Change In Mali," Climate Policy, Volume 5, 583-598, 2006. Chen, Zhuo and Wallace Huffman. "County-level Agricultural Production Efficiency in China: A Spatial Analysis," in Xiao-Yuan Dong, Shufeng Song and Xiaobo Zhang, Eds., China's Agricultural Development, Hampshire, UK: Ashgate Publishing 2006. Chen, Zhou, W.E. Huffman, and S. Rozelle, Farm Technology and Technical Efficiency: Evidence from Four Regions in China. Iowa State University, Department of Economics Working Paper # 06022, May 2006. Edwin, J. and W.A. Masters, "Genetic Improvement and Cocoa Yields in Ghana" (2005). Experimental Agriculture, 41(4, Oct.): 491-503. Frisvold, G. Bt Resistance Management: The Economics of Refuges. In R. Just, D. Zilberman, and J. Alston (eds.) Economics of Regulation of Agricultural Biotechnologies. Norwell, MA: Springer. 2006. Frisvold, George, Jeanne Reeves, and Russell Tronstad. Bt Cotton Adoption in The United States and China: International Trade and Welfare Effects 2006 AgBioForum, 9(2): 69-78. Frisvold, George, Russell Tronstad and Jeanne Reeves. International Impacts of Bt Cotton Adoption. In R. E. Evenson and V. Santaniello (eds.) International Trade and Policies for Genetically Modified Products. Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK: CABI Publishing, 2006, pp. 191-199. Gouse, Marnus Carl Pray, David Schimmelpfennig, & Johann Kirsten. (2006). Three seasons of subsistence insect-resistant maize in South Africa: Have smallholders benefited?. AgBioForum, 9(1), 15-22. Graff, Gregory, Roland-Holst, David, and David Zilberman. 2006. "Agricultural Biotechnology and Poverty Reduction in Low-Income Countries." World Development 34, no. 8: 1430-1445. Hareau, Guy G, Bradford Mills, and George W. Norton, The Potential Benefits of Herbicide Resistant Transgenic Rice in Uruguay: Lessons for Small Developing Countries, Food Policy, 31 (2006): 162-179. Heisey, P. and David Schimmelpfennig. 2006. "Regulation and the Structure of Biotechnology Industries", Regulating Agricultural Biotechnology: Economics and Policy, R.E. Just, J.M. Alston, and D. Zilberman, eds. Springer Publishers: New York, NY. Hennessy, D., and Moschini, G., "Regulatory Actions under Adjustment Costs and the Resolution of Scientific Uncertainty," American Journal of Agricultural Economics 88(2)(May 2006):308-323. Huang, Jie, Ruifa Hu, Carl E. Pray, and Jikun Huang. "Application for Protection of New Plant Variety in China and the Determinant Factors." (in Chinese) Chinese Rural Economy. Vol 5, 2005 (Serial No.245) pp. 47 - 53. Huffman, W.E. and R.E. Evenson. Do Formula or Competitive Grant Funds Have Greater Impacts on State Agricultural Productivity? Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 88(2006):783-798. Huffman, W.E., G. Norton, G. Traxler, G. Frisvold, and J. Foltz. "Winners and Losers: Formula versus Competitive Funding of Agricultural Research," Choices 21(4), 4th Quarter 2006, pp. 269-274. Huffman, W.E. and R.E. Evenson. Science for Agriculture: A Long Term Perspective, 2nd edition, Blackwell Publishing 2006. Foreword to 2nd edition: V.W. Ruttan. Huffman, W.E. and M. Rousu. Consumer Attitudes and Market Resistance to Biotech Products. In R.E. Just, Julian Alston, and D. Zilberman, Eds. Regulating Agricultural Biotechnology: Economics and Policy. New York, NY: Springer Science and Business 2006, pp. 201-226. Huffman, W.E. Economics of Intellectual Property Rights in Plant Materials. Iowa State University, Department of Economics Working Paper #06016. April 6, 2006. Johnson, M.E., W.A. Masters and P.V. Preckel, "Diffusion and Spillover of New Technology: A Heterogeneous-Agent Model for Cassava in West Africa" (2006), Agricultural Economics, 35(2), 119-129. Juma, C., Paarlberg, R., Pray, C. and Unnevehr, L. Introducing Biofortified Foods into Developing Countries: An Analysis of the Political Landscape, POLITICAL LANDSCAPE Report to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, November 2006. Just, David R., Wolf, Steven A., and David Zilberman. 2006. "Effect of Information Formats on Information Services: Analysis of Four Selected Agricultural Commodities in the USA." Agricultural Economics 35, no. 3: 289-301. Just, R.E., J.M. Alston, and D. Zilberman (eds). Regulating Agricultural Biotechnology: Economics and Policy. Washington DC: Kluwer-Verlag, 2006. Just, R.E., J.M. Alston, and D. Zilberman. Introduction and Overview. Chapter 1 of R.E. Just, J.M. Alston, and D. Zilberman (eds). Regulating Agricultural Biotechnology: Economics and Policy. New York: Springer-Verlag publishers, 2006. Kalaitzandonakes, N., Alston, J.M., and K.J. Bradford. Compliance Costs for Regulatory Approval of New Biotech Crops. Chapter 3 of R.E. Just, J.M. Alston, and D. Zilberman (eds). Regulating Agricultural Biotechnology: Economics and Policy. New York: Springer-Verlag publishers, 2006. Kazianga, H. and W.A. Masters, "Property Rights, Production Technology and Deforestation: Cocoa in Cameroon" (2006), Agricultural Economics, 35(1), 19-26. Kostandini, Genti, Bradford Mills, and George W. Norton, Potential Impact of Tobacco Bio-Pharming: The Case of Human Serum Albumin, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 88 3(2006): 671-679. Lambert, David K., and Eric DeVuyst. The Expected Value of Genetic Information in Livestock Feeding (Abstract). Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 31(December 2006):687. Lambert, David K., Eric A. DeVuyst, and Charles B. Moss. The Expected Value of Genetic Information in Livestock Feeding. Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics Report No. 576. January 2006. Liu, Q. and C.R. Shumway. Geographic Aggregation and Induced Innovation in American Agriculture. Applied Economics, 38 (April 10, 2006):671-82. Mamaril, Cezar B. and George W. Norton, Economic Evaluation of Transgenic Pest-Resistant Rice in the Philippines and Vietnam, Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture, 45, 2(2006): 127-144. Masters, W.A. "Paying for Prosperity: How and Why to Invest in Agricultural Research and Development in Africa" (2005), Journal of International Affairs, 58(2): 35-64. Masters, W.A. "Research Prizes: A New Kind of Incentive for Innovation in African Agriculture" (2005), International Journal of Biotechnology 7(1/2/3): 195-211. Moschini, G., "Pharmaceuticals and Industrial Traits in Genetically Modified Crops: Coexistence with Conventional Agriculture," American Journal of Agricultural Economics 88(5)(2006), 1184-1192. Moschini, GianCarlo and Harvey Lapan, "Labeling Regulations and Segregation of First- and Second-Generation GM Products: Innovation Incentives and Welfare Effects," Book chapter in: Just, Zilberman and Alston, Economics of Regulation of Agricultural Biotechnologies, New York, Springer Publishers, 2006 Naseem, A., Oehmke, J.O., Schimmelpfennig, D. 2005. "Does plant variety intellectual property protection improve farm productivity? Evidence from cotton varieties," AgBioForum, 8(2&3), 100-107. Nevitt, J., Mills, B.F., Reaves, D.W., & Norton, G.W., Public perceptions of tobacco biopharming. AgBioForum, 9(2)(2006): 104-110. Norton, G., J. Alwang and W.A. Masters, Economics of Agricultural Development (2006). New York: Routledge. Norton, G.W. and S.R. Francisco, Seed System, Biotechnology, and Nutrition, Chapter 5 in A. Balasacan and L. Sebastian, (eds), Ensuring Rice Security for All: Issues, Constraints, and Policy Directions, SEARCA, Los Banos, Philippines, 2006. Pardey, P.G., J.M. Alston, C. Chan-Kang, E.C. Magalhães, P.G. Pardey, and S.A. Vosti. International and Institutional R&D Spillovers: Attribution of Benefits Among Sources for Brazils New Crop Varieties. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 88(1)(February 2006): 104-123. Pardey, P.G., J.M. Alston, and N.E. Beintema. Agricultural R&D Spending at a Critical Crossroads. Farm Industry Journal 3(1)(February 2006): 1-10. Pray, Carl E., Ramu Govindasamy and Ann Courtmanche (2006) "The Importance of Intellectual Property Rights in the International Spread of Private sector Agricultural Biotechnology." The ICFAI Journal of Agricultural Economics. Vol III, No.3, July 2006, 7-21. Pardey, P.G., J.M. Alston, and R.R. Piggott. Shifting ground: Agricultural R&D worldwide. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, 6 pp, 2006. Pardey, P.G., J.M. Alston, and R.R. Piggott eds. Agricultural R&D Policy in the Developing World: Too Little, Too Late? Washington DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2006. Pray, Carl E., Bharat Ramaswami, Jikun Huang, Prajakta Bengali, Ruifa Hu and Huazhu Zhang (2006) "Costs and Enforcement of Biosafety Regulation in India and China. International Journal of Technology and Globalization. Vol.2, Nos.1/2. 2006. 137-157. Pray, Carl E., Jikun Huang, Ruifa Hu, Qihuai Wang, Bharat Ramaswami, and Prajakta Bengali Benefits And Costs Of Biosafety Regulation in India and China" in R.E. Just,. J.M. Alston, D. Zilberman (Eds.) Regulating Agricultural Biotechnology: Economics and Policy Springer: New York, 2006. Qaim, Matin, Subramanian, Arjunan, Naik, Gopal, and David Zilberman. 2006. Adoption of Bt Cotton and Impact Variability: Insights from India." Review of Agricultural Economics 28, no. 1: 48-58. Roberts, Michael and David Schimmelpfennig How Public Information Creates Value: A Case Study of USDAs Soybean Rust Coordinated Framework Amber Waves April 2006. Schimmelpfennig, David E., Christopher J. ODonnell, and George W. Norton, Efficiency Effects of Agricultural Research in the United States, Agricultural Economics, 34 3 (2006): 273-280. Schneider, U.A., and B.A. McCarl, "Appraising Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Potentials: Effects of Alternative Assumptions," Agricultural Economics, 35, 277-287, 2006. Smith, P., D. Martino, Z. Cai, D. Gwary, H.H. Janzen, P. Kumar, B.A. McCarl, F. O'Mara, C. Rice, R. Scholes, O. Sirotenko, M. Howden, T. McAllister, S.M. Ogle, G. Pan, V. Romanenkov, U.A. Schneider, and S. Towprayoon, "Influence of climate and non-climate policy on implementation of agricultural greenhouse gas mitigation options," Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 118, 6-28, 2006. Traxler, Greg The GMO experience in North and South America, International Journal of Technology and Globalisation 2006 - Vol. 2, No.1/2 pp. 46 64. Wright, Brian D. and Philip G. The evolving rights to intellectual property protection in the agricultural biosciences, International Journal of Technology and Globalisation 2006 - Vol. 2, No.1/2 pp. 12 29. Wright, Brian D. and Philip G. Pardey Changing intellectual property regimes: implications for developing country agriculture, International Journal of Technology and Globalisation 2006 - Vol. 2, No.1/2 pp. 93 114.

Publications Attachment:

Attachment

Impact Statements

A project goal is to increase knowledge and awareness of economic impacts of agricultural research and new technologies and to inform public decisions at the institutional and national level for organizing, managing and funding public agricultural research. In the past fiscal year, activities have included: (1) briefings for the Idaho state legislature and Idaho governors staff on the returns to agricultural research. (2) Wendy Wintersteen Dean, College of Agriculture Director, Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station Iowa State University used research findings of W. Huffman and R. Evenson on funding of agricultural research in testtimony before the Senate Agricultural Commitee
Project participants will continue active involvement in projects and publications of the Natural Resource Councils Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources (BANR. Greg Traxler (Auburn University) is serving as an executive committee membe for the National Academy of Sciences Board on Agriculture project Global Challenges and Directions for Agricultural Biotechnology.
Organizations furthering international agricultural research and technology transfer such as the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research, the World Bank, USDA, and the U.S. Agency for International Development will use research findings and research evaluation methods developed by project participants. Carl Pray is a lead author on Global Report of the International Assessment of Agricultural Science and Technology for Development which is sponsored by the World Bank and 16 nations. Methods to evaluate economic impacts of agricultural research developed by committee participants continue to be widely cited by agencies such as IFPRI, the World Bank, and the USDA, Economic Research Service

Date of Annual Report: 02/02/2010

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 03/19/2009 - 03/20/2009
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2007 - 10/01/2008

Participants

Matt A. Andersen, University of Wyoming
Henry Bahn, USDA CSREES
Thomas A. Bewick, USDA CSREES
Neil Conklin, Farm Foundation
W. J. Florkowski, University of Georgia
George Frisvold, University of Arizona
Keith Fuglie, USDA ERS
Joseph Glauber, USDA OCE
Leland L Glenna, Pennsylvania State University
Wallace Huffman, Iowa State University
John King, USDA ERS
Genti Kostandini, University of Georgia
David Lambert, Kansas State University
Zhen Lei, University of California, Berkeley
Marshall Martin, Purdue University
Steven Miller, Michigan State University
GianCarlo Moschini, Iowa State University
Phil Pardey, University of Minnesota
Prabhu Pingali, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Carl E. Pray, Rutgers University
Mark Rosengrant, International Food Policy Research Institute
David Schimmelpfennig, USDA ERS
Guanming Shi, University of Wisconsin
Katherine Smith, USDA ERS
Vincent Smith, Montana State University
Laurian Unnevehr, USDA ERS
Justus Wesseler, Wageningen University
Brian Wright, University of California, Berkeley
Yin Xia, University of Missouri

Brief Summary of Minutes

This years NC-1034 research symposium, The World Food Crisis: The Future Role of Agricultural R & D Programs, Biotechnology, and Crop-Related Energy Policy was held at USDAs Economic Research Service in Washington, DC, March 19-20, 2009.
Along with presentations by project participants, the NC-1034 symposium featured guest presentations and discussion by:
" Joseph Glauber, USDA, Chief Economist
" Prabhu Pingali, Head of Agricultural Policy and Statistics, Agriculture Development Division. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
" Mark Rosengrant, Director of the Environment and Production Technology Division, International Food Policy Research Institute
" Katherine Smith, USDA ERS Administrator and USDA Acting Under Secretary for Research, Education and Economics
" Neil Conklin, President of the Farm Foundation
" Thomas A. Bewick, USDA CSREES, National Program Leader Horticulture
" Professor Justus Wesseler of Wageningen University, The Netherlands

Topics addressed included the recent sharp increase in world food prices and its implications for agricultural research systems, relationships between energy and agricultural markets, agricultural R&D funding and productivity trends and their implications for world food production, private agricultural R&D and patenting, and mechanisms for enhancing the policy relevance of economic research. Please see full conference program in the Publications link of the NC-1034 home page.

The full symposium agenda follows.

NC-1034 Impact Analysis and Decision Strategies for Agricultural Research
Annual Business Meeting and Research Conference on
The World Food Crisis: The Future Role of Agricultural R & D Programs,
Biotechnology, and Crop-Related Energy Policy
Waugh Auditorium, USDA Economic Research Service
1800 M Street NW, Washington, DC
March 19 20, 2009

AGENDA
Thursday March 19, 2009

8:00 8:30 Registration

8:30 8:45 Welcome
Mary Bohman, USDA Economic Research Service
George Frisvold, University of Arizona

8:45 9:15 The World Food Crisis: an Overview
Mark Rosegrant, International Food Policy Research Institute

9:15 9:45 Agricultural Research, Productivity, and Food Commodity Prices
Phil Pardey, University of Minnesota

9:45 10:15 The World Food Crisis and Agricultural R & D: The Role of Non-
Government Institutions
Prabhu Pingali, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

10:15 10:45 Break

10:45 11:15 Industry Structure and R&D Spending: New Evidence from Agricultural
Input Industries
Keith Fuglie, USDA Economic Research Service

11: 15 11:45 Technology and Innovation in World Agriculture: 2010 to 2019
Wallace Huffman, Iowa State University

11:45 12:15 Biotechnology and Nutritional Quality of Foods
Laurian Unnevehr, USDA Economic Research Service

12:15 1:30 Lunch

Thursday March 19, 2009

1:30 - 2:00 A Method for Evaluating the Strength of Patents
Brian Wright and Zhen Lei, University of California, Berkeley

2:00 2:30 Political Economy of Biotechnology Acceptance and Rejection
Gregory Graff, Colorado State University

2:30 3:00 Policy Relevant Science for Food, Agriculture, and Natural Resources
Kitty Smith, USDA Acting Under Secretary for Research, Education and
Economics

3:00 3:30 Break

3:30 4:00 The Efficiency of Increased US Biofuels Mandates
Antonio Bento, Cornell University

4:00 4:30 Energy and Agricultural Markets
Joe Glauber, Chief Economist, USDA

4:30 5:30 Panel Comparative Developments in Agricultural R&D
Carl Pray, Rutgers University
Justus Wesseler, Wageningen University

Friday March 20, 2009

8:30 - 9:00 Internationally Linked Patents in Agricultural Biotechnology
John King, USDA Economic Research Service

9:00 - 9:30 On Pricing and Vertical Organization of Differentiated Products:
The Case of Soybean Seed Industry
Guanming Shi and Jean-Paul Chavas, University of Wisconsin

9:30 - 10:00 The Relationship of Agricultural Productivity and Agricultural
Output and Trade
David Lambert, North Dakota State University

10:00- 10:30 Break
10:30 - 11:00 Biofortification and Improved Staple Crops Two Important Avenues
Generating Irreversible Benefits from Transgenic Crops for Africa
Justus Wesseler, Wageningen University

11:00 - 11:30 Scientists Values, University-Industry Research Relations,
and University Research Policies
Leland Glenna, Pennsylvania State University

11:30 - 12:00 The Role of Stakeholders in Developing Research and Extension
Funding Sources
Thomas A. Bewick, USDA CSREES

12:00 - 1:30 Lunch / NC 1034 Business Meeting

1:30 Adjourn

The NC-1034 Business Meeting was held on March 20. Administrative Advisor Marshall Martin (Purdue) noted NC1034 is scheduled to terminate in September 2011. Hence, this is the year to write a new/revised 5-year multi-state project. Some information is due in NIMSS in September and everything must be completed by no later than December 1, 2010. Martin discussed the difference between NC projects and NCCC projects. NC projects involve integrated, often interdisciplinary, and multi-state activities; have expected outcomes, including original research results; convey knowledge; and are peer reviewed. A key element here is that research is actually carried out collaboratively by participants across states and that the purpose of meeting is more than information sharing. Marshall noted that if the groups major activities were primarily information exchange then NCCCs (NC Coordinating Committees) would be the more appropriate form of organization. He emphasized that, for project renewal it was crucial to show more evidence of research impact and collaboration, including collaborative grants and publications.

George Frisvold (Arizona) noted that a main purpose of the annual symposium was information exchange. However, many NC-1034 are collaborating on ongoing research projects. Because of the large number of states, participating in NC-1034 (24) there is not single project that involve all participants. However, numerous projects involve sub-groups of NC-1034 participants. He also asked members to report on impacts of research and not just publications. Examples might include technology transfer, invited testimony before decision-makers, evidence of increase knowledge or awareness, or greater interactions with USDA agencies.

Some suggestions for post-meeting activities included posting presentations on
AgEcon Search or Farm Foundation websites. Carl Pray (Rutgers) suggested it would be a good idea to report some results back to the Gates Foundation.

Discussion then turned to possible themes, locations, and dates for the 2010 meetings. It was agreed to have the meetings at ERS in Washington, DC again. March, around times of university Spring Breaks was suggested as a good time to hold the meetings. Possible themes mentioned included:
" Sustainability
" Biotechnology
" Institutional structures & R&D
" Environmental / food safety impacts
" Implications for global food production
" Economics of productivity research & benefits of productivity research
" Productivity measurement
" Measuring benefit and policy implications of public and private research

It was also recommended that it would be worthwhile to invite industry speakers. It was also suggested that given that the meetings would be in Washington, DC, it would again be a good opportunity to invite policy makers to hear and make presentations.
Vincent Smith (Montana State) and David Schimmelpfennig offered to lead the planning committee for the 2010 meeting. They were formally nominated and unanimously approved.

Finally, motions were introduced and passed to elect George Frisvold (Arizona) president.

Minutes Attachment:

Attachment

Accomplishments

This year the project produced more than 50 publications (see attached publications list). Project participants helped organize and participated in the 14th International Consortium for Agricultural Biotechnology Research (ICABR) on The Future of Agricultural Biotechnology: Creative Destruction, Adoption, or Irrelevance? in Honor of Vittorio Santaniello. Selected papers from this conference will be published in a special issue of AgBioForum 2009. Researchers from Arizona, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and USDAs Economic Research Service extended collaborative research on pest resistance management for trangenic crops (which began as part of the 2005 NC-1034 research symposium) to a new project on herbicide resistance management. Research findings will also be published in a special issue of AgBioForum in 2009. Collaborative research among participants from California, Minnesota, and Wyoming continued with a major effort to update state-level and national agricultural input, output and productivity measures for the United States. This data will be used in future research examining the productivity effects of agricultural R&D.

Publications

Publications 1. Alpuerto, V. 2008. Economic Impact Analysis of Marker-Assisted Breeding in Rice, M.S. thesis, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia. 2. Alston, J.M. and P.G. Pardey 2008. Public Funding for Research into Specialty Crops. HortScience 43,14611470.. 3. Alston, J. M., P.G. Pardey, and V.W. Ruttan. 2008. "Research Lags Revisited: Concepts and Evidence from U.S. Agriculture." University of Minnesota. Department of Applied Economics Staff Paper 50091. 4. Bishop, C., C.R. Shumway, P. Wandschneider (2008). Agent Heterogeneity in Adoption of Anaerobic Digestion Technology: Integrating Economic, Diffusion and Behavioral Innovation Theory School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, Working Papers: 2008-8. 5. Florkowski, W.J., D.-K.Shu. 2008. Consumer and Farmers Benefits from Agricultural and Food Technology Research. Annals of The Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists 10, 32-37. 6. Florkowski, W.J. 2008. Opportunities for Innovation Through Interdisciplinary Research. In: Bulletin of the Szent István University, Special Issue Part II, 597-603. 7. Florkowski, W.J. 2008. The Role of Professional Agricultural Economics Associations in Shaping National Agricultural Policy: The Case of SERiA. In: Agricultural economics and transition: What was expected, what we observed, the lessons learned, Volume II, C. Csáki and C. Forgács, eds., pp. 445-452, IAMO, Hungary. 8. Foltz, J.D and B. Barham, Bradford. 2008. The Productivity Effects of Extension Appointments in Land Grant Colleges. University of Wisconsin, Agricultural and Applied Economics, Staff Paper Series. 9. Frisvold, G. and K. Day-Rubenstein. 2008. Bioprospecting and Biodiversity Conservation: What Happens When Discoveries are Made? Arizona Law Review 50, 545-76. 10. Frisvold, G. and J.M. Reeves. 2008. "The Costs and Benefits of Refuge Requirements: The Case of Bt Cotton." Ecological Economics 65, no. 1: 87-97. 11. Golan, E. and L. Unnevehr. 2008. Food Product Composition, Consumer Health, and Public Policy: Introduction and Overview of Special Section. Food Policy 33, 465-69. 12. Gregory, P. R. Potter, Frank Shotkoski, D. Hautea, K. Raman, V. Vijayaraghavan, W. Lesser, G. Norton, and W. Coffman. 2008. Bioengineered Crops as Tools for International Development: Opportunities and Strategic Considerations. Experimental Agriculture 44, 277-299. 13. Hochman, Gal, Steven E. Sexton, and David D. Zilberman. 2008. "The Economics of Biofuel Policy and Biotechnology." Journal of Agricultural and Food Industrial Organization 6, no. 2. 14. Huang, Jikun, Ruifa Hu, Scott Rozelle, and Carl Pray. 2008. "Genetically Modified Rice, Yields, and Pesticides: Assessing Farm-Level Productivity Effects in China." Economic Development and Cultural Change 56, 241-263. 15. Huffman, W. 2008. Rising Food and Energy Prices: Projections for Labor Markets 2008-18 and Beyond. Iowa State University, Department of Economics, Working Paper # 08030. 16. James, J., P. Pardey, J. Alston. 2008. Agricultural R&D Policy: A Tragedy of the International Commons. University of Minnesota. Department of Applied Economics Staff Paper 43094. 17. Koontz, S., D. Hoag, J. Brethour, J. Walker. 2008. Production Inefficiency in Fed Cattle Marketing and the Value of Sorting Pens into Alternative Marketing Groups Using Ultrasound Technology. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 40, 895-912. 18. Lalitha, N., C. Pray, and B. Ramaswami. 2008. The Limits of Intellectual Property Rights: Lessons from the Spread of Illegal Transgenic Seeds in India. Discussion Papers in Economics. Discussion Paper 08-06. Indian Statistical Institute, Delhi. 19. Liu, Y., C.R. Shumway. 2008. Induced Innovation in U.S. Agriculture: Time-series, Direct Econometric, and Nonparametric Tests. 2008. School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, Working Papers: 2008-3. 20. Liu, Y. C.R Shumway. 2008. Induced Innovation and Marginal Cost of New Technology. School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, Working Papers: 2008-6. 21. Liu, Y. C.R. Shumway, R. Rosenman, V.E. Ball. 2008. Productivity Growth and Convergence in U.S. Agriculture: New Cointegration Panel Data Results. School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, Working Papers: 2008-4. 22. Masters, W.A. 2008. Beyond the Food Crisis: Trade, Aid and Innovation in African Agriculture. African Technology Development Forum 5, 3-13. 23. Masters, W.A. and B. Delbecq. 2008. Accelerating innovation with prize rewards IFPRI Discussion Paper 835 (December), 44 pages. 24. Masters, W.A. and G. Shively. 2008. Introduction to the Special Issue on the World Food Crisis. Agricultural Economics 39, 373-74. 25. McCarl, B.A. 2008. Bioenergy in a Greenhouse Mitigating World. Choices 23, 31-33. 26. McCarl, B.A., 2008. Food, Biofuel, Global Agriculture, and Environment: Discussion. Review of Agricultural Economics 30, 530-32. 27. Melhim, A., E. O'Donoghue, C.R. Shumway. 2008. What Does Initial Farm Size Imply About Growth and Diversification? School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, Working Papers: 2008-5. 28. Melhim, A., E. O'Donoghue, C.R. Shumway. 2008. Do the Largest Firms Grow and Diversify the Fastest? The Case of U.S. Dairies. School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, Working Papers: 2008-7. 29. Miranowski. J.A., D. Swenson, D., L. Eathington, A. Rosburg. 2008. Biofuel. the Rural Economy. and Farm Structure. In B. English, R. Menard, K. Jensen (eds.) Risk, Infrastructure and Industry Evolution Conference Proceedints. Farm Foundation. 30. Moschini, G. 2008. Biotechnology and the Development of Food Markets: Retrospect and Prospects. European Review of Agricultural Economics 35, 331-55. 31. Moschini, G. L. Menapace, D. Pick. 2008. Geographical Indications and the Competitive Provision of Quality in Agricultural Markets. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 90, 794-812. 32. Moschini, G., O, Yerokhin. 2008. Economics Incentive to Innovate in Plants: Patents and Plant Breeders' Rights. Iowa State University, Department of Economics, Staff General Research Papers. 33. Moschini, G., O. Yerokhin. 2008. Patents, Research Exemption, and the Incentive for Sequential Innovation. Journal of Economics and Management Strategy 17, 379-412. 34. Moss, C., T. Schmitz, and A. Schmitz. 2008. Segregating Genetically Modified and Nongenetically Modified Corn in a Marketing Channel. Applied Economics 40, 2765-74. 35. Nalley, L, A. Barkley, and F. Chumley. 2008. The Impact of the Kansas Wheat Breeding Program on Wheat Yields. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 40, 913-25. 36. Onofri, A., L. Fulginiti. 2008. Public Inputs and Dynamic Producer Behavior: Endogenous Growth in U.S. Agriculture. Journal of Productivity Analysis 30, 13-28. 37. Pardey, Philip G., Julian M. Alston, and Jennifer S. James. 2008. "Agricultural R&D Policy: A Tragedy of the International Commons." 38. Perrin, R.K., L, Fulginiti. 2008. Pricing and Welfare Impacts of New Crop Traits: The Role of IPRs and Coase's Conjecture Revisited. AgBioForum 11, 134-44. 39. Qaim, M., C.E. Pray, and D. Zilberman. 2008. Economic and Social Considerations in the Adoption of Bt Crops. In J. Romeis, A.M. Shelton, G.G. Kennedy (eds.), Integration of Insect-Resistant Genetically Modified Crops within IPM Programs. Dordrecht: Springer Science. 40. Ricker-Gilbert, Jacob, George W. Norton, Jeffrey Alwang, Monayem Miah, and Gershon Feder. 2008. "Cost-Effectiveness of Alternative Integrated Pest Management Extension Methods: An Example from Bangladesh." Review of Agricultural Economics 30, no. 2: 252-269. 41. Rose, S.K., B.A. McCarl. 2008. Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Stabilization and the Inevitability of Adaptation: Challenges for U.S. Agriculture. Choices 23, 15-18. 42. Rudi, N. 2008. An ex ante economic impact analysis of developing low cost technologies for pyramiding useful genes from wild relatives into elite progenitors of cassava, M.S. thesis, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia. 43. Schmit, T., J. Jianchuan, L.W. Tauer. 2008. Ethanol Plant Investment using Net Present Value and Real Options Analyses. Cornell University, Department of Applied Economics and Management, Working Papers: 51145. 44. Serra, Teresa, David Zilberman, and Jose M. Gil. 2008. "Farms' Technical Inefficiencies in the Presence of Government Programs." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 52, no. 1: 57-76. 45. Shi, G., J.-P. Chavas, K. Stiegert. 2008. An Analysis of Bundle Pricing: The Case of the Corn Seed Market. University of Wisconsin, Agricultural and Applied Economics, Staff Paper Series. 46. Skolrud, T., E. O'Donoghue, C.R. Shumway, A. Melhim. 2008. Washington Farm Growth and Diversification. School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, Working Papers: 2008-25. 47. Smith, P., D. Martino, Z. Cai, D. Gwary, H.H. Janzen, P. Kumar, B.A. McCarl, F. O'Mara, C. Rice, R. Scholes, O. Sirotenko, M. Howden, T. McAllister, S.M. Ogle, G. Pan, V. Romanenkov, U.A. Schneider, S. Towprayoon, M. Wattenbach, and J.E. Smith. 2008. "Greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, B, 363, 789-813. 48. Tauer, L.W. 2008. Estimation of Treatment Effects of recombinant Bovine Somatotropin using Matching Samples. Cornell University, Department of Applied Economics and Management, Working Papers: 51118. 49. Templeton, Scott R., David Zilberman, Seung Jick Yoo, and Andrew L. Dabalen. 2008. "Household Use of Agricultural Chemicals for Soil-Pest Management and Own Labor for Yard Work." Environmental and Resource Economics 40, no. 1: 91-108. 50. Thirtle, C., J. Piesse, D. Schimmelpfennig. 2008. Modeling the Length and Shape of the R&D Lag: An Application to UK Agricultural Productivity. Agricultural Economics 39, 73-85. 51. Welsh, R. L.Glenna, W. Lacy, and D. Biscotti. 2008. Close Enough but Not Too Far: Assessing the Effects of University-Industry Research Relationships and the Rise of Academic Capitalism. Research Policy 37, 18541864. 52. Yerokhin, O., G. Moschini. 2008. Intellectual Property Rights and Crop-Improving R&D under Adaptive Destruction. Environmental and Resource Economics 40, 53-72. 53. Zheng, Q. C.R. Shumway. 2008. Washington Biofuel Feedstock Crop Supply Analysis 2008. School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, Working Papers: 2008-24.

Publications Attachment:

Attachment

Impact Statements

Genetically modified food research findings have been helping the USDA revise regulator approval policies for new intergenic GM crops.
Research and pest resistance management of insect resistant trangenic crops has been used by EPA in design of resistance management regulations.
Research findings used by Association of Public and Land-grant Universities for policy recommendations regarding agricultural research funding.

Date of Annual Report: 07/12/2010

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 03/18/2010 - 03/19/2010
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2009 - 09/01/2010

Participants

Alston, Julian M. UC-Davis
Andersen, Matt A. Wyoming
Ball, Eldon USDA-ERS
Beintema, Nienke IFPRI
Boteler, Franklin USDA-NIFA
Bullock, David S Illinois
Dalton, Timothy Kansas State
Day Rubenstein, Kelly USDA-ERS
Frisvold, George Arizona
Fuglie, Keith USDA-ERS
Heisey, Paul USDA-ERS
Huffman, Wallace Iowa State
King, John USDA-ERS
Miller, Steven Michigan State
Norton, George Virginia Tech
Pray, Carl E. Rutgers
Schimmelpfennig, David USDA-ERS
Smith, Vincent Montana State
Wang, Sun-Ling USDA-ERS
Wright, Brian UC-Berkeley
Zilberman, David UC-Berkeley

Brief Summary of Minutes

The annual business meeting of NC-1034 was held in conjunction with the committees annual research conference, this year entitled, Research Conference on Roles for Public and Private Funding of Agricultural Research in the new National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Research Funding Context. The conference was held at the Economic Research Service of USDA in Washington, DC, March 18-19, 2010. The business meeting was held on March 19.
More than 20 scholars and USDA agency staff participated in the conference (see list below).

Marshall Martin (Purdue), NC-1034s administrative representative opened up business meeting discussion. He noted that NC-1034 is up for renewal this upcoming year. First, he suggested the group consider which type of committee best suited the groups activities. For example, coordinating committees (NCCCs) focus more on information exchange. NCCCs cannot be Hatch projects, however. NCERA projects often involve taking research and bundling results for outreach. It is more of a nexus between research and extension. A key element of multi-state research projects is true research collaboration across states and participants, not merely sharing separate research results and information with the group. Such evidence of collaboration would include collaborative research activities, publications, or grant submissions.

Matt Anderson noted that for his institution (Wyoming) an NC designation was needed to obtain experiment station travel support for participation. Frisvold noted that, given large number of states and individuals involved, everyone is not necessarily collaborating with everyone else. However, there is substantial collaboration among the group members in different configurations. Such collaboration has included: (a) grant proposal writing, (b) workshops and conferences, (c) joint research publications, and (d) special issues of peer reviewed journals, where work of multiple participants are published together. Frisvold stressed the need to emphasize the nature and extent of such collaboration, both in the annual project report and in the project renewal proposal. The group decided to maintain the NC designation for project renewal.

Martin then explained the project renewal process and deadlines. Project deadlines are as follows:
" 9/15: notify NIMSS data of intent to submit project renewal proposal
" 10/15: submit project objectives
" 11/15: participants will receive notification to fill our Appendix E contribution to objectives
" 12/1: all parts of project proposal must be complete and submitted

Next steps after submission:
" Martin (administrator) makes recommendations
" Proposal then goes to NC ag econ dept heads
" Multi-state research committee reviews @ April 1
" 2nd review in July

Martin noted that project acceptance will be a bit harder. Projects will receive even more scrutiny because of tight budgets.

There was then general discussion concerning the types of research topics to be explored under a new project. These included
(a) the economics of research funding mechanisms to inform NIFA
(b) background research to inform the research title of the next farm bill
(c) world hunger
(d) biofuels
(e) biotechnology
(f) public and private funding of agricultural R&D
(g) intellectual property rights

David Zilberman (UC-Berkeley) stated that NC-1034 should emphasize its past track record in generating influential, collaborative research publications. George Norton (VA Tech) suggested that we probably dont want more than four main objectives. Martin suggested that multi-disciplinary integration. Frisvold added that annual and renewal reports could do more to highlight inter-disciplinary publications. Zilberman noted that we have frequently invited staff from regulatory agencies to participate in conferences and that they often come from disciplines outside of economics. Carl Pray (Rutgers) raised a question about how much of an international theme the proposal should have. Martin responded that this would be a problem if research on international topics were the only things the group did, but that themes with international components were fine. Martin emphasized the importance on starting early on the renewal proposal. He suggested the possibility of having a writing meeting at the Denver Agricultural and Applied Economics Association meetings at the end of July. Frisvold volunteered to draft a project renewal proposal for general circulation prior to the Denver meetings.

Discussion then turned to the 2011 NC-1034 research symposium. This discussion centered on an organizational theme that (a) demonstrated the breadth of the groups collaborative efforts and also addressed new NIFA program priorities. One potential theme title introduced was Biotechnology, Bioenergy & Global Food Security. David Zilberman suggested substituting Bioeconomy as a single word encompassing biotechnology and bioenergy. Julian Alston (UC-Davis) raised questions about how recognized the term bioeconomy was and whether it would be meaningful to outside groups.

Vincent Smith (Montana State) suggested holding the meeting in Seattle and approaching the Gates Foundation (headquartered there) for participation and possible support. Several NC-1034 participants are currently working on Gates Foundation supported projects. Further, the Gates Foundation interest in global food security coincides with NIFAs new Global Food Security Challenge area.

The group agreed that the symposium should produce a tangible research product such as a book. It was further proposed that we draft a conference / book proposal to the Gates Foundation to see at what level (if any) they may want to participate. This could range from attending or making presentations at the conference up to financial support for the conference itself or for the book publication. It was also noted that the Gates Foundation may be keenly interested in having participation of scholars from developing countries. They might also be keen to invite scientists from other disciplines and desire impact assessments. Again, both these goals are highly consistent with goals of multi-state research projects.

Frisvold volunteered to write a first draft of a one-page proposal to show to the Gates Foundation. Smith volunteered to approach economists at Gates to get a sense of initial interest. Zilberman suggested inviting David Ervin of Portland State to participate or help organize the conference. Ervin recently chaired the National Academy of Sciences panel for the book Impact of Genetically Engineered Crops on Farm Sustainability in the United States.

Other possible sponsors for a book discussed were the Farm Foundation and the International Consortium on Agricultural Biotechnology. It was also suggested that, if collaboration with the Gates Foundation in Seattle proved infeasible, an alternative would be to hold the conference at the University of California, Berkeley.

Accomplishments

Publications

Alston J.M., J.M. Beddow, P.G. Pardey (2009). Agricultural research, productivity, and food prices in the long run. Science 325, 12091210. Alston, J.M., J. M. Beddow, P.G. Pardey (2009). Mendel versus Malthus: Research, Productivity and Food Prices in the Long Run. Department of Applied Economics Staff Paper No. P09-01, St Paul, University of Minnesota. Alston, J.M., P.G. Pardey (2009). Theme Overview: Agricultural Productivity and Global Food Security in the Long Run. Choices 24(4). Alston, J.M., P.G. Pardey, J.S. James, M.A. Andersen (2009). The Economics of Agricultural R&D. Annual Review of Resource Economics 1, 537-565. Andersen, M.A., J.M. Alston, P.G. Pardey (2009). Capital Service Flows: Concepts and Comparisons of Alternative Measures in U.S. Agriculture. Department of Applied Economics Staff Paper. St. Paul: University of Minnesota. Anderson, K., W.A. Masters (eds.) (2009). Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Africa. Washington, DC: World Bank. Anderson, K., W.A. Masters (2009). Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Africa: Introduction and Summary." In Anderson, K., W.A. Masters (eds.) Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Africa, 3-67. Washington, DC: World Bank. Bamou, E., W.A. Masters (2009). Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Africa: Cameroon. In Anderson, K., W.A. Masters (eds.) Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Africa, 361-383. Beddow, J.M., P.G. Pardey, J.M. Alston (2009). The Shifting Global Patterns of Agricultural Productivity. Choices 24(4). Bulut, H., and G. Moschini (2009) US Universities Net Returns from Patenting and Licensing: A Quantile Regression Analysis. Economics of Innovation and New Technology 18, 123-137. Benson, A.G, C.R. Shumway (2009). Environmental Regulation and Innovation Offsets in the Bluegrass Seed Industry. Review of Agricultural Economics 31, 231246 Biscotti, D., L.L. Glenna, W.B. Lacy, R. Welsh (2009), The independent investigator: how academic scientists construct their professional identity in universityindustry agricultural biotechnology research collaborations, in Lisa A. Keister (ed.) Economic Sociology of Work (Research in the Sociology of Work, Volume 18), Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing Limited, pp.261-285. Bullock, D.S., M.L. Ruffo, D.G. Bullock, G.A. Bollero (2009). The Value of Precision Technology: An Information-Theoretic Approach. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 91, 209-223. Cahoy, D.R., L. Glenna (2009). Private Ordering and Public Energy Innovation Policy. Florida State University Law Review 36, 415-458. Carey, J.M., D. Zilberman (2009). A Model of Investment under Uncertainty: Modern Irrigation Technology and Emerging Markets in Water." In Economics of Water Resources. Volume 1, 287-299. Elgar Reference Collection. International Library of Critical Writings in Economics, vol. 234. Northampton, MA: Elgar. Caswell, M., D. Zilberman (2009). The Choices of Irrigation Technologies in California. In Economics of Water Resources. Volume 1, 300-310. Elgar Reference Collection. International Library of Critical Writings in Economics, vol. 234. Cheltenham, U.K. and Northampton, Mass.: Elgar. Chen, Z., W.E. Huffman, S. Rozelle (2009). Farm Technology and Technical Efficiency: Evidence from Four Regions in China. China Economics Journal 20, 153-161. Desquilbet, M. D.S. Bullock (2009). Who Pays the Cost of GMO Segregation and Identity Preservation? American Journal of Agricultural Economics 91, 656-672. Foltz J. D., B.L. Barham (2009). The Productivity Effects of Extension Appointments in Land-Grant Colleges. Review of Agricultural Economics, 712733. Frisvold, G.B. (2009) Can Transgenic Crops and IPM Be Compatible? Integrated Pest Management: Dissemination and Impact. In Peshin, R., A. Dhawan (eds.) Integrated Pest Management: Dissemination and Impact. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp. 555-579. Frisvold, G.B., A. Boor, J.M. Reeves (2010). Simultaneous diffusion of herbicide resistant cotton and conservation tillage. AgBioForum 12, 249-257. Frisvold, G.B., T.M., Hurley, P.D. Mitchell (2009). Overview: Herbicide resistant crops Diffusion, benefits, pricing, and resistance management. AgBioForum 12, 244-248. Frisvold, G.B., T.M., Hurley, P.D. Mitchell (2009). Adoption of best management practices to control weed resistance by corn, cotton, and soybean growers. AgBioForum, 12, 370-381. Fukunaga, K.,W.E. Huffman (2009). The Role of Risk, Transaction Costs, and Matching in Contract Design: Evidence from Farmland Lease Contracts in US Agriculture. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 91, 237-249. Glenna, L., D.R. Cahoy (2009). Agribusiness concentration, intellectual property, and the prospects for rural economic benefits from the emerging biofuel economy. Southern Rural Sociology 24, 111-129. Graff, G..D., G. Hochman, D. Zilberman (2009). The Political Economy of Agricultural Biotechnology Policies. AgBioForum 12, 34-46. Huffman, W.E. (2009). Economic Impact of Intragenics: Traits, Labels and Diverse Information. In B. Mou and A. Sorza (eds.) Transgenic Horticultural Crops: Challenges and Opportunities. London: Taylor and Francis Group, LLC, and Company. Huffman, W.E. (2009). Technology and Innovation in World Agriculture: Prospects for 2010-2019. Iowa State University, Department of Economics Working Paper #09007. Huffman, W.E. (2009). Measuring Public Agricultural Research Capital and Its Contribution to State Agricultural Productivity. Iowa State University, Department of Economics Working Paper #09022. Huffman, W.E. (2009). Investing in People for the 21st Century. Iowa State University, Department of Economics Working Paper #09025. Huffman, W.E. (2009). Does Information Change Behavior? Iowa State University, Department of Economics Working Paper #09026. Hurley, T.M., P.D. Mitchell, G.B. Frisvold (2009). Characteristics of herbicides and weed-management programs most important to corn, cotton, and soybean growers. AgBioForum 12, 269-280. Hurley, T.M., P.D. Mitchell, G.B. Frisvold (2009). Weed management costs, weed best management practices, and the Roundup Ready® weed management program. AgBioForum 12, 281-290. Hurley, T.M., P.D. Mitchell, G.B. Frisvold (2009). Effects of weed resistance concerns and resistance management practices on the value of Roundup Ready® crops. AgBioForum 12, 291-302. James, J.S. J.M. Alston, P.G. Pardey (2009). Setting Agricultural Science Strategy in Tumultuous Economic Times. California Agriculture 63, 2. James, J.S., J.M. Alston, GP.. Pardey, M.A. Andersen (2009). Structural Changes in U.S. Agricultural Production and Productivity. Choices 24 (4). Jussaume, R.A., L. Glenna (2009). Considering structural, individual and social network explanations for ecologically sustainable agriculture: an example drawn from Washington State wheat growers. Sustainability 1, 120-132. Just, R.E. and W.E. Huffman (2009). The Economics of Universities in a New Age of Funding Options. Research Policy 38, 1102-1116. Karmarkar-Deshmukh, R., C.E. Pray (2009) Private sector innovation in biofuels in the United States: Induced by prices or policies? AgBioForum 12, 141-148. Kostandini, G., B. Mills (2009). Valuing Intellectual Property Rights in an Imperfectly Competitive Market: A Biopharming Application. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 41, 571583. Kostandini, G. B. Mills, S.W. Omamo, S. Wood (2009). Ex Ante Analysis of the Benefits of Transgenic Drought Tolerance Research on Cereal Crops in Low-Income Countries. Agricultural Economics 40, 477-92. Lapan, H., G. Moschini (2009). Quality Certification Standards in Competitive Markets: When Consumers and Producers (Dis)agree, Economics Letters 104, 144-147. Lei, Z., R. Juneja, B.D. Wright (2009). Patents versus patenting: implications of intellectual property protection for biological research. Nature Biotechnology 27, 3640. Liu, Y., C.R. Shumway (2009). Induced innovation and marginal cost of new technology. Economics Letters 105, 106-109. Masters, W.A. (2009). Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Africa: Senegal. In Anderson, K., W.A. Masters (eds.) Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Africa, 463-483. Washington, DC: World Bank. McCarl, B.A., F.O. Boadu (2009). Bioenergy and U.S. Renewable Fuels Standards: Law, Economic, Policy/Climate Change and Implementation Concerns. Drake Journal of Agricultural Law 14, 43-73. Moschini, G. 2009. Book review of Innovation and Its Discontents: How our Broken Patent System is Endangering Innovation and Progress, and What to Do About It, by Jaffe, Adam B. and Josh Lerner. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 91, 293-94. Mykerezi, E., G. Kostandini, B. Mills (2009). Do Rural Community Colleges Supply Unique Educational Benefits? Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 41, 411-17. Plastina, A. and L. E. Fulginiti. (2009). Rates of Return to Agricultural Research in 48 U.S. States. Proceedings of the 27th International Conference of Agricultural Economists, Beijing, China, Vol.1. Perrin, R. K and L. E. Fulginiti (2009). Pricing and Welfare Impact of New Crop Traits: The Role of IPRs and Coases Conjecture Revisited. AgBioForum, Vol.11 (2) Article 7 Pray, C.E., L. Nagarajan (2009). Improving Crops for Arid Lands: Pearl millet and sorghum in India" in Rajul Pandya-Lorch and David Spielman (eds). Millions Fed: Proven Successes in Agricultural Development. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. Rajagopal, D., S. Sexton, G. Hochman, D. Zilberman (2009). Recent Developments in Renewable Technologies: R&D Investment in Advanced Biofuels. Annual Review of Resource Economics 1, 621-644. Scandizzo, P.L., D. Zilberman, C.E. Pray (2009). A Personal Memorial: Vittorio Santaniello: Founder of the International Consortium on Agricultural Biotechnology Research (ICABR). AgBioForum 12, 4-7. Schimmelpfennig, D., P. Heisey (2009). The Evolving Public Agricultural Research Portfolio. Amber Waves March, 7. Schimmelpfennig, D., P. Heisey (2009). U.S. Public Agricultural Research: Changes in Funding Sources and Shifts in Emphasis, 1980-2005. EIB-45, USDA, Economic Research Service. Washington, DC. Sexton, S. D. Zilberman, D. Rajagopal, G. Hochman (2009). The Role of Biotechnology in a Sustainable Biofuel Future. AgBioForum 12, 130-140 Shi, G., (2009). Bundling and Licensing of Genes in Agricultural Biotechnology. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 91, 264-274. Shi, G., J.P. Chavas, K. Stiegert (2009). Pricing of Herbicide Tolerant Soybean Seeds: A Market Structure Approach. AgBioForum 12, 326-333 Tong, H., L. E. Fulginiti and J. P. Sesmero. (2009). Chinese Regional Agricultural Productivity: 1994-2005. Proceedings of the 27th International Conference of Agricultural Economists, Beijing, China, Vol.1. Useche, P., B. Barham, J. Foltz (2009). Integrating Technology Traits and Producer Heterogeneity. A Mixed Multinomial Model of GM Adoption. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 91, 444-461. Wang, C., Y. Xia, S. Buccola (2009). Public Investment and Industry Incentives in Life- Science Research. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 91, 374-388.

Impact Statements

Research findings by NC-1034 members were widely cited in the National Research Council (NRC) report, The Impact of Genetically Engineered Crops on Farm Sustainability in the United States. The goal of the NRC, organized by the National Academy of Sciences, is to further knowledge and to advise the federal government on critical issues in science and technology. A stated objective of NC-1034 was that project participants would continue to be directly involved in NRC publications and to be sources of key cited references.
A study of the University of Nebraska-Lincolns Agricultural Research Division (ARD) found that for every $1 invested in ARD, the major research arm of Nebraskas Agricultural Experiment Station, investors received the equivalent net annual benefits of 36 cents every year for 31 years, amounting to $17. Nebraskas ARD returns rank second nationally with only the University of Missouris Agricultural Experiment Station ranking just slightly higher with a 37 percent rate of return. The study was conducted in all 48 continental U.S. states. On average, the rate of return in other states was 29 percent. The ARDs 36 percent rate of return beats the 9 percent and 12 percent average returns of the S&P 500 and NASDQ composite indexes during the same period of the study.

Date of Annual Report: 04/26/2011

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 03/25/2011 - 03/26/2011
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2009 - 09/01/2010

Participants

Alston, Julian: University of California, Davis
Anderson, Soren: Michigan State University
Azevedo, Paulo: FGV, EESP, Brazil
Babcock, Bruce: Iowa State University
Bordey, Flordeliza: Philippine Rice Research Institute
Bowman, Maria: University of California, Berkeley
Bullock, David: University of Illinois
Chakravorty, Ujjayant: University of Alberta
Cohn, Avery: University of California, Berkeley
da Silveira, José Maria: IE-Unicamp, Brazil
Dalton, Timothy: Kansas State University
Davis, Sarah: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Drivas, Kyriakos: University of California at Berkeley
Ervin, David: Portland State University
Fan, Xing: Iowa State University
Frisvold, George: University of Arizona
Fuglie, Keith: USDA, ERS
Fulginiti, Lilyan; University of Nebraska
Gilless, Keith: University of California, Berkeley
Graff, Gregory: Colorado State University
Hochman, Gal: University of California, Berkeley
Huffman, Wallace: Iowa State University
Jenner, Mark: University of California, Davis
Khanna, Madhu: University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Kostandini, Genti: University of Georgia
Lambert, David: Kansas State University
Lei, Zhen: Pennsylvania State University
Perrin, Richard: University of Nebraska
Msangi, Siwa: IFPRI
Olmstead, Alan: University of California, Davis
Orts, William J.: USDA, ARS, WRRC
Peterson, Christopher: Michigan State University
Pray, Carl: Rutgers University
Rajagopal, Deepak: University of California, Los Angeles
Richardson, James: Texas A&M Univesity
Rozelle, Scott: Stanford University
Salvo, Alberto: Kellogg-Northwestern University
Sexton, Steve: University of California, Berkeley
Shi, Guanming: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Signorini, Guilherme: Michigan State University
Taylor, Caroline: University of California, Berkeley
Timilsina, Govinda: World Bank
Wang, Sun Ling: USDA, ERS
Wilson, Michael: University of California, Berkeley
Wright, Brian: University of California, Berkeley
Youngs, Heather: University of California, Berkeley
Zilberman, David: University of California, Berkeley

Brief Summary of Minutes

This years NC-1034 research symposium, Biotechnology, Bioenergy, and Global Food Security was held in conjunction with the 4th Annual Berkeley Bioeconomy Conference: The State of Biofuel and Biotechnology. The joint conference was held from March 24-26, 2011 on the campus of the University of California, Berkeley. The program for the Bioeconomy Conference is available at http://www.berkeleybioeconomy.com/program/2011-program while the program for the NC-1034 portion of the joint conference is list below and also posted at http://www.berkeleybioeconomy.com/program/nc-1034-program-2011.

NC-1034 Program, 2011
Friday March 25

2:15 3:45

Gregory Graff (Colorado State) and Brian Wright (UC-Berkeley)
Structuring Public Private Research Alliances: Allocating Intellectual Property and Control Rights to Optimize Collaborative R&D in Bioenergy

David Bullock (Illinois) and Flordeliza Bardey (Philippine Rice Research Institute)
A Discussion about the Efficiency of US Ethanol Policy

Jessica Schuring, Wallace Huffman, and Xing Fan (Iowa State)
Genetically Modified Crops and Midwestern Farm Production: Evidence at the State Level over 1960-2004

3:45 4:00 Break

4:00 5:30

Guanming Shi (Wisconsin)
An Analysis of Productivity of Biotech Seeds: The Case of US Corn Hybrids

Kyriakos Drivas (UC-Berkeley), Zhen Lei (Penn State), and Brian Wright (UC-Berkeley)
The Role of Exclusive Licensing in Follow-on Research of Academic Patented Inventions

Sun Ling Wang, David Schimmelpfennig, and Eldon Ball (USDA ERS)
Is Agricultural Productivity Slowing? The Case of US and EU Countries

Saturday March 26

9:00 10:30

Panel Discussion led by Carl Pray, Timothy Dalton, David Zilberman and others.
Can NC-1034 play a role in strengthening African agricultural science and technology policy? Strengthening African agricultural science and technology policy

10:30 10:45 Break

10:45 12:15

Keith Fuglie (USDA, ERS)
Global Agricultural Productivity Growth

George Frisvold (Arizona)
Resistance Management and Sustainable Use of Biotechnology

David Bullock (Illinois)
A New Measure of the Producer Welfare Effects of Technological Change

12:30 2:00 Lunch / NC-1034 Business Meeting / Adjourn

The joint conference featured speakers from a wide range of disciplines, including: agricultural economics, agricultural engineering, agronomy, biochemistry, bioproduct chemistry & engineering, economic history, epidemiology, forest economics & management, and plant biology. Presentations are available for download at:
http://www.berkeleybioeconomy.com/presentations-2/2011-presentations

The panel discussion on strengthening African agricultural science and technology policy included discussion of establishing endowed chairs of bioscience policy focused on agriculture at African Universities in economics and agricultural economics with money for research, graduate students and links to NC1034 and International Consortium for Applied Bioeconomy Research (ICABR) networks. It also considered possibilities of seeking out funding sources to increase opportunities for agricultural PhD students and post-doctoral scholars working on African agricultural development issues.

The annual business meeting was held on Saturday, March 26, from 12:30 - 2:00 p.m.

Termination report:
Committee president, George Frisvold (Arizona) informed the group that next year materials would be needed to write the committee termination report. The termination report differs from annual report in that it should discuss cumulative activities, accomplishments, and impacts of the committee over past 5 years.

New NIFA rep:
Robbin Shoemaker will be NC-1034's new NIFA rep. The group noted appreciation for Henry Bahn's support and assistance as past rep and welcomed Robbin's involvement as he is familiar with the group's research and has published in areas directly related to the committee's charge.

Theme and venue of next meeting / conference:
Because the old farm bill is expiring and a new farm bill will be drafted next year, several members suggested that the theme of next year's conference should be to inform the research title of the next farm bill. Frisvold conveyed to the group that Robbin Shoemaker was willing to explore the possibility of having next year's meetings at the NIFA offices in Washington, DC. This would facilitate participation of policymakers.

Other suggestions included:
* Invite congressional committee staff economists as speakers
* Coordinate with groups such as the Farm Foundation and C-FARE to increase the
impact of presentations
* Have the first day of the conference focus on less technical policy
presentations for policy makers. This would require presentations that were
structured differently than typical academic seminars. Wally Huffman
distributed to the group the copies of the report Investing in a Better
Future through Public Agricultural Research
( http://www.econ.iastate.edu/sites/default/files
/castagresearchfinal_qta2011-11.pdf ) published by the Council for
Agricultural Science and Technology (CAST) as CAST Commentary QTA2011-1. The
report was co-authored by Huffman, NC-1034 member George Norton (Virginia
Tech) and Luther Tweeten (Ohio State). The report is a good example of the
type of material that would be appropriate for presentation to policy makers.
* Have the meetings over Friday/ Saturday (rather than Thursday / Friday).
Because of teaching commitments it is more difficult for faculty to attend on
Thursdays. This may require that meetings be held at NIFA on Friday, but a
different site on Saturday. This has been done in the past when meetings
have been in Washington.

Planning committee:
George Frisvold (Arizona), Gregory Graff (Colorado State), and Sun Ling Wang (USDA, ERS) agreed to serve on the meeting planning committee. It was also suggested we attempt to enlist Richard Just (Maryland) and Vince Smith (Montana State).

Officers:
George Frisvold (Arizona) was elected president
Gregory Graff (Colorado State) was elected secretary

The group heartily thanked David Zilberman for all the work involved in hosting this year's conference.
Meeting Adjourned.

Accomplishments

Short-term Outcomes: Methods developed by NC-1034 members to evaluate the economic impacts and returns to agricultural research have been widely adopted by USDA agencies, scholars at land-grant institutions, the World Bank, and the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research. Assessments of economic impacts of new technologies have been widely cited in government and National Academy reports on the benefits and costs of biotechnologies and on agricultural sustainability. Outputs: Outputs this year included more than 70 publications. Activities: NC-1034 members and international cooperators organized and participated in the 14th International Consortium on Applied Bioeconomy Research (ICABR) Conference in Ravello, Italy, June 16-18, 2010 with the theme Bioeconomy Governance: Policy, Environmental and Health Regulation, and Public Investments in Research. NC-1034 member publications were included in a resulting special issue of the journal AgBioForum (see Milestones) NC-1034 members and cooperators organized and participated in the Third Berkeley Conference on the Bioeconomy The Current Situation of Biofuel: Economics, Policy, Technology, and Research held June 24-25, 2010 on the campus of the University of California. Milestones: A large body of NC-1034 research has been published together in books, edited volumes and a special journal issue. Combining research outputs in special volumes and journal issues allows complementary research of NC-1034 members to be presented together. Examples include the following. The book Persistence Pays: U.S. Agricultural Productivity Growth and the Benefits from Public R&D Spending (Springer, 2010) was co-authored by three NC-1034 members (and one collaborator) and is based in part on research presented at earlier NC-1034 meetings. The edited volume The Economic Impact of Public Support to Agriculture: An International Perspective (Springer, 2010) was edited and features contributions of one NC-1034 member with multiple collaborators. The edited volume Handbook of Bioenergy Economics and Policy (Springer, 2010) was co-edited by one NC-1034 member and contains chapters by two NC-1034 members, several collaborators, and several graduate students conducting doctoral research on NC-1034-related projects. The volume The Shifting Patterns of Agricultural Production and Productivity Worldwide (Midwest Agribusiness Trade Research and Information Center and Iowa State University, 2010) was edited by two NC-1034 members and a collaborator and features research presented at earlier NC-1034 meetings. Papers revised and accepted based on peer review from the 2010 International Consortium on Applied Bioeconomy Research (ICABR) Conference have been published in a special issue of AgBioForum (volume 13, number 4). This special issue included publications by NC-1034 members and international collaborators. Earlier versions of these papers were presented at the annual meeting of International Consortium for Agricultural Biotechnology Research, which was organized by NC-1034 members and European collaborators. Impacts Two books that were the product (in part) of NC-1034 activities and research collaboration received a number of prestigious professional awards for excellence. The book Alston, J.M., M.A. Andersen, J.S. James, and P.G. Pardey. (2010) Persistence Pays: U.S. Agricultural Productivity Growth and the Benefits from Public R&D Spending. New York: Springer has received the following awards * The Quality of Research Discovery Award from the Australian Agricultural & Resource Economics Society * The Outstanding Published Research Award from the Western Agricultural Economics Association * The Quality of Research Discovery Award from the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association - the largest and most prestigious organization in agricultural and natural resource economics. The Australian Agricultural & Resource Economics Society gave its annual Quality of Communication Award to the book Alston, J.M., B.A. Babcock and P.G. Pardey, eds. (2010). The Shifting Patterns of Agricultural Production and Productivity Worldwide. Ames, IA: Midwest Agribusiness Trade Research and Information Center and Iowa State University. A stated objective of NC-1034 was that project participants would continue to be directly involved in National Research Council (NRC) publications and to be sources of key cited references. The goal of the NRC is to improve government decision making and public policy, increase public understanding, and promote the acquisition and dissemination of knowledge in matters involving science, engineering, technology, and health. The Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources (BANR) is the major program unit of the National Research Council responsible for organizing and overseeing studies on agriculture, forestry, fisheries, wildlife, and the use of land, water, and other natural resources. NC-1034 members made important contributions to two major NRC publications in 2010. The report The Impact of Genetically Engineered Crops on Farm Sustainability in the United States Research (2010, National Academies Press) relied extensively on research findings of NC-1034 members, citing more than 30 papers by members. The report Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century (2010,) National Academies Press cited 25 papers by NC-1034 members.

Publications

2010 Publications Alston, J. (2010), The Benefits from Agricultural Research and Development, Innovation, and Productivity Growth. OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Working Papers, No. 31, OECD Publishing. Alston, J.M. (2010). The Incidence of US Farm Programs. In Ball, V.E., R. Fanfani, L.Gutierrez (eds.) (2010). The Economic Impact of Public Support to Agriculture: An International Perspective. New York: Springer. Alston, J.M., M.A. Andersen, J.S. James, and P.G. Pardey. (2010) Persistence Pays: U.S. Agricultural Productivity Growth and the Benefits from Public R&D Spending. New York: Springer. Alston, J.M., M.A. Andersen, J.S. James and P.G. Pardey (2010). Shifting Patterns of Agricultural Production and Productivity in the United States. In Alston, J.M., B.A. Babcock and P.G. Pardey, eds. (2010). The Shifting Patterns of Agricultural Production and Productivity Worldwide. Ames, IA: Midwest Agribusiness Trade Research and Information Center and Iowa State University. Alston, J.M., B.A. Babcock and P.G. Pardey (2010). Introduction and Overview. In Alston, J.M., B.A. Babcock and P.G. Pardey, eds. (2010). The Shifting Patterns of Agricultural Production and Productivity Worldwide. Ames, IA: Midwest Agribusiness Trade Research and Information Center and Iowa State University. Alston, J.M., B.A. Babcock and P.G. Pardey (2010). Shifting Patterns of Global Agricultural Productivity: Synthesis and Conclusion. In Alston, J.M., B.A. Babcock and P.G. Pardey, eds. (2010). The Shifting Patterns of Agricultural Production and Productivity Worldwide. Ames, IA: Midwest Agribusiness Trade Research and Information Center and Iowa State University. Alston, J.M., B.A. Babcock and P.G. Pardey, eds. (2010). The Shifting Patterns of Agricultural Production and Productivity Worldwide. Ames, IA: Midwest Agribusiness Trade Research and Information Center and Iowa State University. Alston, J.M., J.M. Beddow, P.G. Pardey (2010). Food Commodity Prices in the Long Run: The Crucial Role of Agricultural Research and Productivity. EuroChoices Volume 9, Issue 3, 3642. Alston, J.M., J.M. Beddow and P.G. Pardey (2010). Global Patterns of Crop Yields and Other Partial Productivity Measures and Prices. In Alston, J.M., B.A. Babcock and P.G. Pardey, eds. (2010). The Shifting Patterns of Agricultural Production and Productivity Worldwide. Ames, IA: Midwest Agribusiness Trade Research and Information Center and Iowa State University. Alston, J.M., P.G. Pardey (2010). U.S. Agricultural Research in a Global Food Security Setting Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). Andersen, M.A., J.M. Alston, P.G. Pardey (2010). Capital Services in U.S. Agriculture: Concepts, Comparisons, and Treatment of Interest Rates. Staff Paper P10-6 / InSTePP Paper 10-02. Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota. Anderson, C.L., L. Lipper, T. Dalton, M. Smale, J. Hellin, T. Hodgkin, C. Almekinders, P. Audi, M. Bellon, R. Cavatassi, L. Diakité, R. Jones, E. King, A. Keleman, M. Meijer, T. Osborn, L. Nagarajan, A. Paz, M. Rodriguez, A. Sidebé, L. Salazar, J. van Heerwaarden, P. Winters (2010). Project Methodology: Using Markets to Promote the Sustainable Utilization of Crop Genetic Resources. In Lipper, L., C.L. Anderson, T.J. Dalton, eds., (2010). Seed Trade in Rural Markets: Implications for Crop Diversity and Agricultural Development. London and Rome: Earthscan and FAO. Ball, V.E., J.-P. Butault, C. San Juan, R. Mora (2010). Agricultural Competitiveness. In Ball, V.E., R. Fanfani, L.Gutierrez (eds.) (2010). The Economic Impact of Public Support to Agriculture: An International Perspective. New York: Springer. Ball, V. E., J.-P. Butault, C. San Juan, R. Mora (2010) Productivity and international competitiveness of agriculture in the European Union and the United States. Agricultural Economics 41, 611627. Ball, V.E., R. Cavazos, J. LaFrance, R. Pope, J. Tack (2010). Aggregation and Arbitrage in Joint Production. In Ball, V.E., R. Fanfani, L.Gutierrez (eds.) (2010). The Economic Impact of Public Support to Agriculture: An International Perspective. New York: Springer. Ball, V.E., R. Fanfani, L.Gutierrez (eds.) (2010). The Economic Impact of Public Support to Agriculture: An International Perspective. New York: Springer. Ball, V.E., R. Färe, S. Grosskopf, D. Margaritis (2010). Productivity and Profitability of US Agriculture: Evidence from a Panel of States. In Ball, V.E., R. Fanfani, L.Gutierrez (eds.) (2010). The Economic Impact of Public Support to Agriculture: An International Perspective. New York: Springer. Bayer, J.C., Norton, G.W., Falck-Zepeda, J. (2010). Cost of compliance with biotechnology regulation in the Philippines: Implications for developing countries. AgBioForum, 13(1), 53-62. Beddow, J.M., D., Kriticos, P.G. Pardey, R.W. Sutherst (2010) Potential Global Crop Pest Distributions Using CLIMEX: HarvestChoice Working Paper. St Paul: HarvestChoice, University of Minnesota, 2010. Beddow, J.M., P.G. Pardey, J. Koo and S. Wood (2010). The Changing Landscape of Global Agriculture. In Alston, J.M., B.A. Babcock and P.G. Pardey, eds. (2010). The Shifting Patterns of Agricultural Production and Productivity Worldwide. Ames, IA: Midwest Agribusiness Trade Research and Information Center and Iowa State University. Bellon, M., C.L. Anderson, L. Lipper, T.J. Dalton, A. Keleman, M. Grum (2010). Synthesis Chapter: Markets, Seed Systems and Crop Diversity. In Lipper, L., C.L. Anderson, T.J. Dalton, eds., (2010). Seed Trade in Rural Markets: Implications for Crop Diversity and Agricultural Development. London and Rome: Earthscan and FAO. Bessen, J., M.J. Meurer, G. Moschini (2010). Patent Failure: How Judges, Bureaucrats, and Lawyers Put Innovators at Risk. Review of Policy Research Volume 27, Issue 2, 200202. Cason, T.N., W.A. Masters, R.M. Sheremeta (2010). Entry into Winner-take-all and Proportional-prize Contests: An Experimental Study. Journal of Public Economics. Volume 94, Issues 9-10, 604-611. Colson, G., W.E. Huffman, M. Rousu (2010). Estimates of the Welfare Impact of Intragenic and Transgenic GM Labeling Policies. Selected Paper. Agricultural & Applied Economics Association's AAEA, CAES & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, Denver Colorado, July 25-27, 2010. Cui, J., H. Lapan, G. Moschini, J. Cooper (2010). Welfare Impacts of Alternative Bioefuel and Energy Policies. Selected Paper. Agricultural & Applied Economics Associations AAEA, CAES & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, Denver, Colorado, July 25-27, 2010. Dalton, T.J., C.L. Anderson, L. Lipper, A. Keleman (2010). Markets and Access to Crop Genetic Resources. In Lipper, L., C.L. Anderson, T.J. Dalton, eds., (2010). Seed Trade in Rural Markets: Implications for Crop Diversity and Agricultural Development. London and Rome: Earthscan and FAO. Desquilbet, M., D. S. Bullock. (2010). On the Proportionality of EU Spatial Ex Ante Coexistence Regulations: A Comment. Food Policy Volume 35, Issue 1, 87-90. Frisvold, G.B., J.M. Reeves (2010). Resistance management and sustainable use of agricultural biotechnology. AgBioForum, 13(4), 343-359. Fulginiti, L.E. (2010). What Comes First, Agricultural Growth or Democracy? Agricultural Economics 41,15-24. Gillespie, J., Nehring, R., Hallahan, C., Sandretto, C., & Tauer, L. (2010). Adoption of recombinant bovine somatotropin and farm profitability: Does farm size matter? AgBioForum, 13(3), 251-262. Glenna, L.L., R.A. Jussaume Jr. (2010). Social Equity and the Genetically Engineered Crops Controversy. Choices 2nd Quarter 2010, 25(2) Glenna, LL., R.R. Thomas (2010). From Renewable to Alternative: Waste Coal, the Pennsylvania Alternative Energy Portfolio Standard, and Public Legitimacy. Society & Natural Resources. Volume 23, Issue 9, 856 871. Graff, G.D., D. Zilberman, A.B. Bennett (2010) The Commercialization of Biotechnology Traits Plant Science. Volume 179, Issue 6, 635-644. Hochman, G., Rajagopal, D., & Zilberman, D. (2010). The Effect of Biofuels on Crude Oil Markets. AgBioForum, 13(2), 112-118. Hochman, G., S. Sexton, D. Zilberman (2010). Food and Biofuel in a Global Environment. In Khanna, M., J. Scheffran, D. Zilberman (eds.) (2010). Handbook of Bioenergy Economics and Policy. New York, Springer. Huang, J., J. Mi, H. Lin, Z. Wang, R. Chen, R. Hu, S. Rozelle, C.E. Pray (2010). A Decade of Bt Cotton in Chinese Fields: Assessing the Direct Effects and Indirect Externalities of Bt Cotton Adoption in China. Science China Life Sciences 53(8), 981-991. Huffman, W.E. (2010) Consumer Acceptance of Genetically Modified Foods: Traits, Labels and Diverse Information. Working Paper No. 10029. Department of Economics, Iowa State University. Huffman, W.E., X. Fan, J. Schuring (2010). The Impact of Public and Private R&D on Farmers' Production Decisions: Econometric Evidence for Midwestern States, 1960-2004. Working Paper No. 10021. Department of Economics, Iowa State University. Huffman, W.E., R.E. Just (2010) Setting Incentives for Scientists Who Engage in Research and Other Activities: An Application of Principal-Agent Theory. Working Paper No. 10022. Department of Economics, Iowa State University. Khanna, M., J. Scheffran, D. Zilberman (eds.) (2010). Handbook of Bioenergy Economics and Policy. New York, Springer. Khanna, M., J. Scheffran, D. Zilberman (eds.) (2010). In Bioenergy Economics and Policy: Introduction and Overview. In Khanna, M., J. Scheffran, D. Zilberman (eds.) (2010). Handbook of Bioenergy Economics and Policy. New York, Springer. Koo, B., B.D. Wright (2010). Dynamic Effects of Patent Policy on Sequential Innovation. Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Vol. 19, Issue 2, 489-512. Krishna, V.V., U. Pascual, D. Zilberman (2010). Assessing the Potential of Labelling Schemes for in situ Landrace Conservation: An Example from India. Environ. Devel. Econ. 15: 127-151. Lambert, D.K., J. Gong (2010). Dynamic Adjustment of U.S. Agriculture to Energy Price Changes. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 42(2), 289301. Lambert, D.K., J. Middleton (2010). Logistical Design of a Regional Herbaceous Crop Residue-based Ethanol Production Complex. Biomass and Bioenergy. Vol. 34, no. 1, 91-100. Lambert. D.K., D. Miljkovic (2010). The Sources of Variability in U.S. Food Prices. Journal of Policy Modeling. Volume 32, Issue 2, March-April, 210-222. La Rovere, R., G. Kostandini, T. Abdoulaye, J. Dixon, W. Mwangi, Z. Guo, and M. Bänziger. 2010. Potential Impact of Investments in Drought Tolerant Maize in Africa. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: International Center for the Improvement of Maize and Wheat (CIMMYT). Liebenberg, F. and P.G. Pardey (2010). South African Agricultural Production and Productivity Patterns. In Alston, J.M., B.A. Babcock and P.G. Pardey, eds. (2010). The Shifting Patterns of Agricultural Production and Productivity Worldwide. Ames, IA: Midwest Agribusiness Trade Research and Information Center and Iowa State University. Liebenberg, F., P.G. Pardey, M. Kahn (2010). Southern African Agricultural Research and Development: A Century of Change. Staff Paper P10-1 / InSTePP Paper 10-01, Staff Paper Series. Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota. Latha N. E. King, M. Smale, T.J. Dalton (2010). Access To Minor Millet Genetic Resources In Rural Market Towns of Dharmapuri District, Tamil Nadu, India. In Lipper, L., C.L. Anderson, T.J. Dalton, eds., (2010). Seed Trade in Rural Markets: Implications for Crop Diversity and Agricultural Development. London and Rome: Earthscan and FAO. Lipper, L., C.L. Anderson, T.J. Dalton, eds., (2010). Seed Trade in Rural Markets: Implications for Crop Diversity and Agricultural Development. London and Rome: Earthscan and FAO. Lipper, L., C.L. Anderson, T.J. Dalton, A. Keleman (2010) Conclusions and Policy Implications. In Lipper, L., C.L. Anderson, T.J. Dalton, eds., (2010). Seed Trade in Rural Markets: Implications for Crop Diversity and Agricultural Development. London and Rome: Earthscan and FAO. Lipper, L., T.J. Dalton, C.L. Anderson, A. Keleman (2010). Agricultural Markets and the Sustainable Utilization of Crop Genetic Resources. In Lipper, L., C.L. Anderson, T.J. Dalton, eds., (2010). Seed Trade in Rural Markets: Implications for Crop Diversity and Agricultural Development. London and Rome: Earthscan and FAO. Maupin J. and G.W. Norton (2010). Pesticide Use and IPM Adoption: Does IPM Reduce Pesticide Use in the United States? Selected Paper. Agricultural & Applied Economics Association AAEA, CAES, & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, Denver, Colorado, July 25-27, 2010. McCarl, B.A., T. Maung, K.R. Szulczyk (2010). 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Indirect Land Use: One Consideration too Many in Biofuel Regulation. Agricultural and Resource Economics Update 13, pp. 1-4. Zilberman, S.E. Sexton, M. Marra, J. Fernandez-Cornejo (2010). The Economic Impact of Genetically Engineered Crops. Choices 2nd Quarter, 25(2).

Publications Attachment:

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Impact Statements

The book Persistence Pays: U.S. Agricultural Productivity Growth and the Benefits from Public R&D Spending has received the following awards The Quality of Research Discovery Award from the Australian Agricultural & Resource Economics Society " The Outstanding Published Research Award from the Western Agricultural Economics Association " The Quality of Research Discovery Award from the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association - the largest and most prestigious organization in agricultural and natural resource economics.
The Australian Agricultural & Resource Economics Society gave its annual Quality of Communication Award to the book Alston, J.M., B.A. Babcock and P.G. Pardey, eds. (2010). The Shifting Patterns of Agricultural Production and Productivity Worldwide. Ames, IA: Midwest Agribusiness Trade Research and Information Center and Iowa State University.
The report The Impact of Genetically Engineered Crops on Farm Sustainability in the United States Research (2010, National Academies Press) relied extensively on research findings of NC-1034 members, citing more than 30 papers by members.
The report Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century (2010,) National Academies Press cited 25 papers by NC-1034 members.