WERA_OLD27: Potato Variety Development

(Multistate Research Coordinating Committee and Information Exchange Group)

Status: Inactive/Terminating

Project Menu

SAES-422 Reports

Annual/Termination Reports:

[02/23/2006] [04/09/2007] [06/20/2008] [05/14/2009] [03/15/2010]

Date of Annual Report: 02/23/2006

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 01/20/2006 - 01/20/2006
Period the Report Covers: 01/01/2005 - 12/01/2005

Participants

Bain, Peggy, mbain@uidaho.edu, University of Idaho;

Brown, Chuck, cbrown@pars.ars.usda.gov, USDA-ARS, Prosser;

Carlson, Harry, hlcarlson@ucdavis.edu, UC Intrm R&E Center;

Charlton, Brian, brian.a.charlton@oregonstate.edu, Oregon State Univ., KES;

Driskill, Ed, driskill@wsu.edu, Washington State University;

Essah, Samuel, sessah@lamar.colostate.edu, Colorado State University;

French, Allan, allan.french@simplot.com, Simplot Food Group, Caldwell, ID;

Hammond, Dave, david.hammond@conagrafoods.com, ConAgra Foods;

Hane, Dan, dan.hane@oregonstate.edu, Hermiston R&E Center;

Holden, Zach, zholden@wau.edu, Washington State University;

Holm, David, spudmkr@lamar.colostate.edu, San Luis Valley Res. Ctr.;

James, Steve, steven.james@oregonstate.edu, Oregon State University;

Knowles, Richard, rknowles@wsu.edu, Washington State University;

Koops, Fred, fred@hzpc.ca, HZPC Charlottetown, PEI, Canada;

Koym, Jeff, j-koym@tamu.edu, Texas Agr. Expt Station;

Leroux, Laurie, laurie.leroux@oregonstate.edu, OSU, Hermiston, Agriculture R&E Center;

Martin, Mel, mel.martin@simplot.com, Simplot Food Group;

Miller, Creighton Jr., jcmillerjr@tamu.edu, Texas A&M University;

Novy, Rich, rnovy@uidaho.edu, USDA-ARS, Aberdeen;

Pavek, Mark, mjpavek@wsu.edu, Washington State University;

Rasmussen, H. Paul, paul@agx.usu.edu, Utah State University;

Schneider, Brian, bschne@uidaho.edu. USDA-ARS, Aberdeen;

Shock, Clinton, Clinton.shock@oregonstate.edu, OSU, Malheur Experiment Station;

Stark, Jeff, jstark@uidaho.edu, University of Idaho;

Vales, Isabel, isabel.vales@oregonstate.edu, Oregon State University;

Whitworth, Jonathan, jwhit@uidaho.edu, USDA-ARS, Aberdeen;

Yilma, Solomon, solomon.yilma@oregonstate.edu, Crop & Soil Science, OSU

Brief Summary of Minutes

Minutes Attachment:

Attachment

Accomplishments

The Potato Variety Development multi-state project continues to be extremely productive! During the past year named varieties have come out of the program. Varieties developed through this effort have resulted in the majority of potato acreage in the western US converted to material from WERA027. The yields in Texas, for example, have doubled since 1973 when Texas joined the group. Each state has a significant role to play in the work and each state looks for new material to meet the expressed needs of growers. As work continues, the new material will have reduced requirements for pesticides, reduced fertilizer inputs and virus resistance. The work on this MSP is a classical example of cooperative efforts between state research and extension, federal (ARS) research and the private sector. Material tested in this program finds its way into national testing trials and their material competes very effectively with any program in the country. The programs generating new material from plant breeding are keeping the pipeline full for many years to come. They have expanded beyond Russet lines to yellow, blue and purple flesh, red and chipper lines. The attendance this year was at 27 people from the US and Canada.

Publications

Blessington, T. 2005. The effects of cooking, storage, and irradiation on phenolics, carotenoids, and antioxidant activity in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) (Thesis). Blessington, T., D.C. Scheuring, and J.C. Miller, Jr. 2005. Effect of storage and ionizing irradiation on antioxidant activity, phenolics, and carotenoids in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). HortScience 40:. (Abstr.). Carlson, H.L. and D. Kirby. 2005. Development of Cultural Techniques for the production of Baby Potatoes. Research Progress No. 110. University of California Intermountain Research and Extension Center. Carlson, H.L. and D. Kirby. 2005. Russet Potato Variety Response to Applied Irrigation. Research Progress No. 111. University of California Intermountain Research and Extension Center. Carlson, H.L. and D. Kirby. 2005. Results of 2004 Potato Variety Evaluations. Research Progress No. 113. University of California Intermountain Research and Extension Center. Driskill, E.P. Jr., L.O. Knowles and N.R. Knowles. 2005. Sweetening responses to unconventional storage temperature regimes in potato tubers of different maturity. Proceedings of the 89th Annual Meeting of the Potato Association of America, Am. J. Pot. Res. (in press). Essah, S.Y.C., J.A. Delgado, D.G. Holm and R. Davidson 2005. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and quality of Colorado russet potato lines. In Annual Meetings Abstract [CD-ROM]. ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Nov. 6-10. Salt Lake City, UT. Essah, S.Y.C. 2005. Impact of vine kill timing on yield, tuber size distribution and quality of two red potatoes. Colorado Spud Items. Vol.2, Issue 3, page 4. Essah, S.Y.C. 2005. Influence of nitrogen rate on yield and quality of colored-flesh potatoes. Colorado Spud Items. Vol. 2, Issue 1, page 5. Essah, S.Y.C. 2005. 2005 Potato Cultivar Specific Management Research Report to Research Committee of the Colorado Potato Administrative Committee (Area II). 53pp. Essah, S.Y.C., D.G. Holm and R.D. Davidson. 2005. Timing vine kill to manipulate yield, tuber size distribution and quality of two red potatoes. Am. J. Potato Res. 83:109. Gillen, A.M. and Novy, R. 2005. Development of SSRs and Conversion of RFLP Markers to PCR-Based Markers for Introgression of Viral Resistance Genes from Solanum etuberosum. American Journal of Potato Research. 82(1):70. Hale, A.L., J.C. Miller, Jr., K. Renganayaki, A.K. Fritz, J.J. Coombs, L.M. Frank, and D.S. Douches. 2005. Suitability of AFLP and microsatellite marker analysis for discriminating intraclonal variants of the potato cultivar Russet Norkotah. J Amer.Soc. Hort. Sci. 130:624-630. Haynes, K.G., Wanner, L.A., Thill, C.A., Miller, J., Novy, R.G., Corsini, D.L. 2005. National Common Scab Trial of Potato Varieties and Advanced Selections in 2002. American Journal of Potato Research. 82(1):72-73. Holm, D.G. and P.F. Naranjo. 2005. 2004 Potato Breeding and Selection Research Report to Research Committee of the Colorado Potato Administrative Committee (Area II) and the Colorado Potato Administrative Committees (Area III). 93pp. Ingham, R.E, B.A. Charlton, L. Schmidt, and H. Yoshida. 2005. Effects of Telone® II and Metam Sodium on Control of Root-knot Nematode in the Klamath Basin. Oregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station. Special Report 1063 pgs. 45-50. Ingham, R.E, B.A. Charlton, N. David, and N. McKinley. 2005. Effects of Vydate® on Control of Root-knot nematodes and Corky Ringspot in the Klamath Basin. Oregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station. Special Report 1063 pgs. 51-63. Knowles, N.R., L.O. Knowles and M.M. Haines. 2005. 1,4-Dimethylnapthalene treatment of seed potatoes affects tuber size distribution. Am. J. Pot. Res. 82:179-190. Knowles, N.R., L.O. Knowles and E.P. Driskill. 2005. Development of natural sprout inhibitors and cultivar-specific storage regimes. Washington State Potato Commission Progress Reports for the year 2004 pp. 95-114. Knowles, N.R. and L.O. Knowles. 2005. Seed productivity research: precision control of tuber size distribution. In: Proceedings of the 44th Annual Washington State Potato Conference, Moses Lake, WA. pp. 45-56. Knowles N.R and L.O. Knowles. 2005. Use of alpha-, beta-unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes and ketones to inhibit potato tuber sprouting. U.S. patent no. 6,855,669. (granted Feb. 15, 2005). Knowles, N.R. and M.J. Pavek. 2005. WSU potato cultivar yield and postharvest quality evaluations for 2004. Washington State University Special Report. 144 pages. Love, S.L., R. Novy, J. Whitworth, D.L. Corsini, J.J. Pavek, A.R. Mosley, M.J. Pavek, N.R. Knowles, C.R. Brown, S.R. James and D.C. Hane. 2005. GemStar Russet: A new russet potato variety with high yield, good culinary quality, excellent fresh market appearance, and resistance to common scab. Am. J. Pot. Res. (in press). Love, S. L., Salaiz, T., Novy, R.G. 2005. Occurrence of High Glycoalkaloid Content Progeny from Low Level Parents A7816-14 and Russet Norkotah. American Journal of Potato Research. 82(1):78-79. Love, S.L., R. Novy, J. Whitworth, D.L. Corsini, J.J. Pavek, A.R. Mosley, R.E. Thornton, N.R. Knowles, S.R. James and D.C. Hane. 2005. Summit Russet: A long russet potato variety with good fresh market and frozen processing quality and resistance to internal and external tuber defect problems. Am. J. Pot. Res. 2005: 82: 425-432. Love, S.L., R. Novy, J. Whitworth, D.L. Corsini, J.J. Pavek, A.R. Mosley, M.J. Pavek, N.R. Knowles, C.R. Brown, S.R. James and D.C. Hane. 2005. Western Russet: A new potato variety with excellent fresh market and frozen-fried processing quality and field resistance to common scab and PVY. Am. J. Pot. Res. (in press). Miller, J.C., Jr., J.W. Koym, D.C. Scheuring, and J.P. Miller. 2005. Southwest Regional Potato Variety Trial Report 2004. Tex. Agr. Expt. Sta., College Station and Lubbock. 22p. Miller, C., J. Koym, D. Scheuring and A. Hale. 2005. 2005 Field Day Handbook. June 29, 2005. Texas Potato Variety Development Program. Tex. Agr. Exp. Sta., College Station and Lubbock. 27p. Miller, C., D. Scheuring, and J. Koym. 2005. Texas Potato Breeding Report, 2004. Tex. Agr. Exp. Sta., College Station and Lubbock. 204p. Miller, J.C., Jr., D.C. Scheuring, J.W. Koym, and D.G. Holm. 2005. TX1523-1Ru/Y a.k.a. Sierra Gold: An early maturing yellow flesh Russet cultivar for the specialty market. Amer. J. Potato Res. 82:369-377. Novy, R.G., S.L. Love, D.L. Corsini, J.J. Pavek, J. Whitworth, A.R. Mosley, S.R. James, D.C. Hane, C.C. Shock, K.A. Rykbost, C.R. Brown, R.E. Thornton, N.R. Knowles, M. Pavek, N. Olsen, and D.A. Inglis. 2005. Defender: A high-yielding, processing potato cultivar with foliar and tuber resistance to late blight. Am. J. Pot. Res. (in press). Novy, R.G., Porter, L.D., Miller, J.S. 2005. Identification of Solanum tuberosum Gp. Andigena Clones Having Both Foliar and Tuber Resistance to Late Blight. American Journal of Potato Research. 82 (1):85. Novy, R.G, Alvarez, J.M. 2005. Resistance to Wireworm in the Progeny of a Tri-Species Somatic Hybrid. American Journal of Potato Research. 82 (1):84-85. Nzaramba, N.M., J. Bamberg, D.C. Scheuring, and J.C. Miller, Jr. 2005. Antioxidant activity in Solanum species as influenced by seed type and growing location. Amer. J. Potato Res. 82:. (Abstr.). (In press). Ottoman R,D. Hane, C. Brown, S. Yilma, A. Mosley, M.I. Vales. 2005. Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) for Breeding Resistance to Potato Virus Y (PVY). Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing (CGRB) 2005 annual fall retreat. September 23-24, 2005, Eagle Crest Resort, Redmond Oregon. (abstract and poster presentation) Reddivari, L. and J.C. Miller, Jr. 2005. Identification of the compounds contributing to antioxidant activity in specialty potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) HortScience 40:873-874. (Abstr.). Reddivari, L., S.H. Safe, and J.C. Miller, Jr. 2005. Specialty potato extract rich in antioxidants suppresses prostrate cancer cell proliferation. Student Research Week, Texas A&M University, College Station, March 29. (Abstr. 252). Reddivari, L., J. Vanamala, S.H. Safe, and J.C. Miller, Jr. 2005. Specialty potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) as a source of bioactive compounds to reduce human prostate cancer cell proliferation in vitro. Amer. J. Potato Res. 82:. (Abstr.). Reyes, L.F., J.C. Miller, Jr., and L. Cisneros-Zevallos. 2005. Antioxidant capacity, anthocyanins and total phenolics in purple * and red-fleshed potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes. Amer. J. Potato Res. 82:271-277. Rykbost, K.A, and B.A Charlton. 2005. Effects of Prenuclear Minituber Seed Size on Production of Wallowa Russet Seed. Oregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station. Special Report 1063 pgs. 39-43. Rykbost, K.A, S. James, C. Shock, E. Eldredge, B.A Charlton, and P. Kresge. 2005. Evaluation of Alternative Carriers for Potato Seed Treatment Fungicides. Oregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station. Special Report 1063 pgs. 31-37. Rykbost, K.A and B.A Charlton. 2005. Red-skinned and Specialty Potato Variety Screening and Evaluation. Oregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station. Special Report 1063 pgs. 20-30. Rykbost, K.A and B.A Charlton. 2005. Russet-skinned 2004 Potato Variety Evaluations Trials. Oregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station. Special Report 1063 pgs. 9-19. Thompson, A.L., R.G. Novy, B.L. Farnsworth, G.A. Secor, N.C. Gudmestad, J.R. Sowokinos, E.T. Holm, J.H. Lorenzen, and D. Preston. 2005. Dakota Pearl: An attractive, bright, white-skinned, cold-chipping cultivar with tablestock potential. American Journal of Potato Research. 82 (6): In Press

Impact Statements

Investigators: M. Isabel Vales, Jeff McMorran and Solomon Yilma. Project Title: Crop Science Extension and Foundation Seed Production. Funding Agency: Agricultural Research Foundation Proposal. Oregon Potato Commission. Total Amount: $12,000. Effective date: 7/1/2006 - 6/30/2007 (Proposal also funded in 2005 at the same level).
Investigators: M. Isabel Vales and Solomon Yilma. Project Title: Potato Breeding and Variety Development Funding Agency: Agricultural Research Foundation Proposal. Oregon Potato Commission. Total Amount: $24,000. Effective date: 7/1/2006 - 6/30/2007 (Proposal also funded in 2005 at the same level).
Investigators: Clint Shock, Dan Hane, Brian Charlton, Steven James, M. Isabel Vales. Project Title: Oregon Potato Variety Development Program. Funding Agency: Agricultural Research Foundation Proposal. Oregon Potato Commission. Total Amount: $25,000. Effective date: 7/1/2006 - 6/30/2007 (Proposal also funded in 2005 at the same level).
Investigators: M. Isabel Vales. Project Title: Breeding and Testing Potato Germplasm for the Pacific Northwest Funding Agency: USDA-ARS Cooperative Agreement No. 58-5354-1-406. Total Amount: $39,778. Effective date: 4/1/2006 - 3/31/2007 (Proposal also funded in 2005 at approx. the same level).
Investigators: N. Richard Knowles, Mark J. Pavek, M. Isabel Vales, and Jeffrey C. Stark. Project Title: Potato Variety Development and Improvement in the Northwest Funding Agency: USDA/CSREES Special Research Grants Program, Potato Research. Total Amount: $600,000 ($200,000 OSU portion). Effective date: 4/1/2006 (pending) (Proposal funded in 2005 at approx. the same level).
The development of high yield and high quality potato varieties with resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses allows producing potatoes under more cost-effective, environmental friendly and healthier conditions by using fewer inputs of chemical fertilizers, fungicides and insecticides and at the same time increasing the nutritional value and quality of the crop.
Varieties recently released by the Tri-state program are now produced on over 110,000 acres with value to growers placed at approximately $150 million. This value can increase up to 3 times after processing.
In Oregon, 2004, potatoes were planted in 37,000 acres. The total production was 19.8 mill cwt and the value was $91.6 million. http://oregon.gov/ODA/docs/pdf/pubs/ff.pdf). The Oregon breeding program has been estimated to return $5.6 million annually to local and state economies (see also Oregon Invests -- http://oregoninvests.css.orst.edu/htmls/FMPro).
The University of California Intermountain Research and Extension Center developed a new market class of baby or salad potatoes. Formed and worked with grower cooperatives to develop this new market (member growers represent 80% of the potato production in this region). This value added product promises much greater returns to the grower over returns based upon traditional commodity prices.
Several releases of potato cultivars that address industry needs have been released over the past 5 years. These releases all originated from crosses by the USDA-ARS Aberdeen Breeding program and were cooperatively developed with the Tri-State Potato Variety Development Program. Together they account for 3050 certified seed acres in the U.S. in 2005 (excluding Willamette, no acres produced), and Alturas and Summit Russet account for 2.3% of the major fall planted cultivars in the U.S. in 2005. Success in pest resistance has also been realized with Defender which represents the first processing cultivar with foliar and tuber late blight resistance available to the industry.
Twelve improved varieties have been released from the Texas Potato Breeding and Variety Development Program.
All russet potatoes grown in Texas in 2005 were improved Texas Russet Norkotah strains. In 1973, the average yield of the summer crop in Texas was about 200 Cwt/A. In 2004, the average summer crop yield was 440 Cwt/A, the highest in the nation. The farm gate value has grown from less than $20 million to about $70 million with an annual economic impact to the state estimated to exceed $150 million.
Since 1975, 16 potato cultivars and 5 clonal selections were released by Colorado State University. These materials accounted for 51% of the 12,813 acres of Colorado certified seed. Releases accounted for 49% of the 58,200 acres of 2005 fall potatoes. Three of the top ten potato cultivars produced for seed in the U.S. were from the Colorado program. Many of these cultivars have reduced nitrogen and fungicide requirements.

Date of Annual Report: 04/09/2007

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 02/06/2007 - 02/06/2007
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2005 - 09/01/2006

Participants

Bain, Peggy, mbain@uidaho.edu
University of Idaho;

Brandt, Tina, brandt@kimberly.uidaho.edu
University of Idaho, Kimberley R&E Center;

Brewer, Bill, brewer@oregonspuds.com
OPC;

Brown, Chuck, cbrown@pars.ars.usda.gov
USDA-ARS, Prosser;

Carlson, Harry, hlcarlson@ucdavis.edu
University of California;

Charlton, Brian, Brian.A.Charlton@oregonstate.edu
Oregon State University, KES;

Driskill, Ed, driskill@wsu.edu
Washington State University;

Essah, Samuel, sessah@lamar.colostate.edu
Colorado State University;

French, Allan, allan.french@simplot.com
J.R. Simplot CO Food Group;

Goktepe, Fahrettin, fgoktepe@lamar.colostate.edu
Colorado State University;

Gutbrod, Oscar, gutbrodo@ucs.orst.edu;

Halvorson, Robert, Rhalvor888@aol.com
WSPC;

Hammond, Dave, david.hammond@conagrafoods.com
ConAgra Foods;

Hane, Dan, dan.hane@oregonstate.edu
Hermiston R&E Center;

Holden, Zach, zholden@wsu.edu
Washington State University;

Holm, David, spudmkr@lamar.colostate.edu
San Luis Valley Research Center;

James, Steve, steven.james@oregonstate.edu
Oregon State University;

Karow, Russell, Russell.s.karow@oregonstate.edu
Oregon State University;

Kirby, Don, dwkirby@ucdavis.edu
University of California IREC;
Knowles, Rick, rknowles@wsu.edu
Washington State University;

Kole, Pat, pkole@potato.idaho.gov
IPC;

Koym, Jeff, j-koym@tamu.edu
Texas Agr. Experiment Station;

Leroux, Laurie, laurie.leroux@oregonstate.edu
Oregon State University, Hermiston, Ag R&E Center;

Marling, Kandy, kandy.Marling@oregonstate.edu
Oregon State University;

Martin, Mel, mel.martin@simplot.com
Simplot Food Group;

Miller, Creighton Jr., jcmillerjr@tamu.edu
Texas A&M University;

Novy, Rich, rnovy@uidaho.edu
USDA-ARS, Aberdeen;

Pavek, Mark, mjpavek@wsu.edu
Washington State University;

Schneider, Brian, bshne@uidaho.edu
USDA-ARS, Aberdeen;

Stewart, Allan, ahstewat@mcCain.ca
McCain Produce Inc.;

Vales, Isabel, Isabel.vales@oregonstate.edu
Oregon State University;

Whitworth, Jonathan, jwhit@uidaho.edu
USDA-ARS, Aberdeen;

Yilma, Solomon, Solomon-yilma@oregonstate.edu
Oregon State University;

Stark, Jeff, jstark@uidaho.edu
University of Idaho;

Zalewski, Jim, jjzal@cableone.net
JZ Consulting, Boise ID;

Brief Summary of Minutes

Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting:

The meeting at Moses Lake, Washington, February 6, 2007, called to order by chair, Jonathan Whitworth at 8 am. Introductions were made and the previous 2006 meeting minutes approved. State reports were given by Oregon, Texas, Colorado, Washington, Idaho, and California. An update was given on Plant Variety Protection (PVP) in the terms of the number of applications and the associated backlog for processing them. An update was given on the Western Regional Potato Variety Database, followed by 2006 Western Regional Trial results. Trial results covered, early and late harvest, post-harvest, chipping potatoes, and red and specialty trials. Seed supplies for the 2007 trials were discussed and a shipping list was submitted. The 2008 meeting date and location was selected as January 28 in Oregon. Jeff Koym was appointed secretary for the 2008 meeting which will be chaired by Samuel Essah. The meeting was adjourned at 12:15 pm.

Minutes Attachment:

Attachment

Accomplishments

Colorado Crosses in 2006 were done in two blocks with block 1 objectives being russet cultivar development, PVY immunity, and nematode resistance. Block 2 objectives were russets, reds, specialty, and late blight resistance. Approximately 55,215 seedling tubers representing 282 families were produced from 2004 and 2005 crosses, for initial field selection in 2007. These seedlings represent crosses segregating primarily for russet, reds, specialty types, and disease resistance/immunity (late blight, PLRV, and PVY). Second through fourth size seedling tubers will be distributed to Idaho (USDA-ARS), Minnesota, North Dakota, Texas, Wisconsin, and Alberta, Canada. Colorado grew 80,019 first-year seedlings in 2006, with 653 selected for subsequent planting, evaluation, and increase in future years. A portion of these seedlings were obtained from the USDA-ARS, Agriculture Canada, North Dakota State University, and Texas A&M University. 1,080 clones were in 12-hill, preliminary, and intermediate stages of selection. At harvest, 263 were selected. Forty-eight advanced selections were saved at harvest and will be increased in 2007 pending final evaluations. Another 226 selections and cultivars were maintained for germplasm development, breeding, other experimental purposes, or seed increases for other programs. All trials are grown under low input conditions, primarily for reduced nitrogen and fungicide. Recent releases undergoing commercialization include Rio Grande Russet (AC89536-5RU), Colorado Rose (CO89097-2R), Mountain Rose (CO94183-1R/R), and Purple Majesty (CO94165-3P/P). Two new releases for 2007 are Canela Russet (AC92009-4RU) and Rio Colorado (NDC5281-2R). Canela Russet is a fresh market selection with excellent tuber type and a long dormancy. Rio Colorado has a bright red skin with a high percentage of B sized tubers. PVP is pending for Keystone Russet, Silverton Russet, Colorado Rose, Rio Grande Russet, Mountain Rose, Purple Majesty. Washington The Washington State Variety Development Group successfully planted, grew, harvested, and analyzed twelve research trials (six variety and six cultural management trials). The variety trials compared 45 new clones and cultivars to 7 standard reference cultivars for early- and late-harvest management. In addition, three cultivars were jointly released: A93157-6LS, A9045-7, and NDA5507-3Y with Oregon, Idaho, and USDA-ARS. They will be grown in the U.S. under the trademarked names of Premier Russet, Highland Russet, and Yukon Gem, respectively. The second year of a reduced in-season nitrogen study was conducted with 2 rates and 8 varieties. The study examined 8 new and existing varieties under 100% of Russet Burbank (RB) recommended in-season nitrogen and 50% of RB recommended in-season nitrogen (N). Results showed that all although cultivars typically yield less with the reduced rate of N, the ECONOMIC yield is not significantly different, and is often higher, after accounting for the N expense. Results showed that A93157-6LS tended to have less hollow heart, A95109-1 tubers are a more marketable size, and Alturas does fine with reduced N. Release of A95109-1 in 2007 as an early and late fresh and direct-processing cultivar is likely. From variety and reduced nitrogen trials, there were indications that this variety has great potential due to good flavor, uniform shape, high US# 1 pack out, and ability to yield with lower in-season nitrogen. However, A95109-1 has a low set and the tubers will get too large for both markets. Cultural recommendations from one years trial data for an early harvest are: fertilize like Russet Burbank, space between 8 and 11 inches; for a late harvest, plant at 8 inches in-row and cut back in-season nitrogen to 50% of RB . The Variety Growth Cycle Morphology study with Dr. Knowles was repeated. The data is providing important information about many new and existing cultivars that will help make cultural and post-harvest management recommendations to maximize grower profits. Chris Hiles, (M.S. student) will join to the WSU Potato Variety Development team in 2007. His focus will be on fertility management for existing cultivars. For example, Chris will focus on an in-season N recommendation study for a cultivar, such as Alturas, using multiple N rates. We also conducted a preliminary trail on late season nitrogen and phosphorous applications to Russet Burbank. No significant treatment differences were apparent. The trial will likely be repeated in 2007 with additional treatments or application timings added. Oregon M.I. Vales, S. Yilma, K. Marling, D. Hane, L. Leroux, C. Shock, E. Eldredge, S. James, and B. Charlton The main goal of the Oregon Potato Program is to develop new potato varieties with high yield and quality. Keeping those two things in mind, we are focusing on breeding for resistance to diseases, pests and abiotic stresses for all potato market classes. When possible, multi-trait recurrent selection procedures are used. A new molecular genetics laboratory in Corvallis is now functional. Accomplishments include a high throughput DNA extraction procedure was successfully adapted to potatoes and implementation of molecular markers to select for resistant triats. These markers associated with extreme resistance to PVY derived from the S. tuberosum andigena and S. stoloniferum sources were used in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). PCR results obtained from populations segregating for PVY resistance were compared with DAS-ELISA (Double Antibody Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) results obtained from artificial inoculations of the same breeding populations planted in replicated greenhouse experiments. Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) for Potato Virus Y (PVY) was also applied in the Oregon breeding program at the single hill stage. Ryon Ottoman completed his Master Thesis on Marker-Assisted Selection for Resistance to Potato Virus Y. His project represents the first application of MAS to the Oregon Potato Breeding Program. Results were presented at the Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Annual meeting, at the Potato Association of America Conference in 2006 and at the Plant and Animal Genome Conference in 2007, with a manuscript submitted to AJPR and a second one ready for submission. We expect current traditional potato breeding program to be reinvigorated by using molecular breeding approaches. During 2006, workers at Oregon branch experiment stations and at the Crop and Soil Science Dept. in Corvallis conducted all facets of a conventional potato breeding program from crossing to final cultivar testing for naming and release. These are collaborative activities with the Tri-State Program with Washington State Univ., Univ. of Idaho, and the USDA-ARS. Approximately 60,000 progeny were generated, including 40,000 russets (from Corvallis and Aberdeen ARS crosses), 20,000 colored-flesh and specialties (Corvallis and Prosser ARS crosses). OSU crosses were aimed primarily at disease/pest resistance and colored-flesh progeny. Tests of the best clones were done in various trials at Hermiston, Powell Butte and Klamath Falls Corvallis, Madras, and Ontario. The best clones of Oregon State-wide Trials were moved to Tri-state (WA, OR, ID) and Western Regional (expanded to TX, CO, and CA) trials. The best entries in Oregon State-wide trials were AO96305-3, A096365-2, AO98282-5 and AO00057-2 Detailed Performance data for all 2006 Tri-State and Western Regional variety trials is available at http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/docs.htm?docid=3019. Color-flesh/specialty materials advanced to the regional trial include: PA96RR1-193, POR00PG4-1, POR02PG5-1, POR02PG26-5 and POR02PG37-2. Remaining in the State-wide trial are POR01PG45-5, OR00068-11, POR03PG12-2, POR03PG23-1, and POR03PG80-2. Breeder seed continues to be produced for Tri-state and regional trials at the Powell Butte station. Extensive field trials for late blight resistance were conducted at Corvallis. Entries (685 clones) included germplasm from Oregon, Idaho, Wisconsin, Texas, Colorado, Michigan, California and Maryland. Advanced entries A97066-42LB, AC97521-1R/Y, VC1009-1W/Y and AO96141-3 showed high field resistance (<700 AUDPC) to foliar late blight. Entries VC1009-1W/Y and AC97521-1R/Y showed high field resistance to both foliage and tuber. Low tuber infection (<10%) was observed in VC1009-1W/Y, MWTX2609-2Ru, AO96164-1, POR01PG22-1, CO97090-4RU, AC97521-1R/Y and CO97232-1R/Y. In the National Late Blight Trial very high (<10 AUDPC) foliar late blight resistance was recorded for B0718-3, B0692-4, LBR9 and LBR8. Tuber resistance was high (<10%) for entries B0718-3, B0692-4 and LBR8. Organically grown cultivars and advanced selections were also screened for late blight resistance in Corvallis. Results show that Ozette (yellow fingerling variety), MSM182-1 (advanced chipping selection), Defender (Late blight resistant long russet variety), MSJ461-1 and Purple Peruvian had high (<700 AUDPC) foliage resistance. MSM182-1, Defender, MSM171-A, Butte and Sebago had <10% tuber late blight infection. Verticillium wilt/early die screening and field screening for PVY and PLRV were conducted at Hermiston. Screening of root-knot nematode resistance was carried out in Klamath Falls. Idaho Evaluations of potato clones in 31 trials at five locations were conducted across the southern part of the state. Emphasis was on selecting varieties with adaptation to local conditions, utility in both fresh and processing markets, production efficiency, and multiple disease resistances. Significant progress was made in identifying corky ringspot resistant germplasm with desirable yield, quality, and tuber appearance characteristics. Three new potato cultivars were jointly released with Univ. of Idaho as the lead institution. They were Premier Russet, Yukon Gem and Highland Russet. Premier Russet is a dual purpose russet with mid-to late season maturity. It has a oblong-long, medium-russeted tubers, high specific gravity, excellent fry color from cold storage and resistances to sugar ends, tuber malformations and most internal and external defects. Premier Russet is highly resistant to the accumulation of reducing sugars following long-term storage at 40-45 F. Its cold-sweetening resistance allows storage at colder temperatures thereby prolonging tuber dormancy and quality for processing or fresh pack use. Relative strengths include high yield with a very high proportion of U.S. No. 1 tubers, good tuber appearance, excellent processing quality and a high level of PVYO resistance. Weaknesses include susceptibility to blackspot bruise, and moderate susceptibility to hollow heart and dry rot. Yukon Gem is a mid-season selection with light-yellow flesh and higher yield potential than Yukon Gold (its paternal parent). It is also is notable for its PVY and foliar and tuber blight resistances that are derived from its Scottish parent, Brodick. Yukon Gem has completed three years of evaluation (2002-2004) in the Western Regional Red/Specialty Potato Trial. Total yield across all Western regional sites was greater than Yukon Gold. Merit ratings for fresh pack characteristics were comparable to those for Yukon Gold in all three years. Yukon Gem has moderately low specific gravity and good resistance to tuber malformations and most internal and external defects. It produces acceptable potato chips but lower specific gravity may limit its use for this purpose. Highland Russet is a mid to late season variety notable for its high yield of uniform, oblong-long, lightly-russetted tubers. This variety has moderately high specific gravity and resistances to sugar ends, tuber malformations and most internal and external defects. It also has reasonably good resistance to Verticillium wilt and PVYO. Highland Russet has been successfully grown and processed in commercial trials. Fry recovery from the field and storage is been high showing good potential for the processing market. Fresh market use for Highland Russet may be limited due to its light skin, but tuber conformation and uniformity are excellent. Management Studies were conducted to help define recommendations for new varieties, specifically with respect to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization, plant spacing and seed piece size requirements, irrigation and water stress responses, and herbicide tolerances. Additional studies were initiated to determine the effectiveness of in-season potassium chloride applications for managing specific gravity in some of the newer potato cultivars from the Tri State Program. Briefly, the results of the irrigation studies allowed identification of potato cultivars such as Premier Russet with relatively good drought tolerance and resistance to stress-related defects, as well as drought sensitive cultivars, such as Alturas, with a relatively high water requirement and that would benefit from wider seed piece spacing under drought conditions. The nitrogen and phosphorus studies provided important management information with respect to the nutrient requirements of the new cultivars as well as for establishing sufficiency levels for petiole nitrate and phosphorus concentrations. Results of the potassium study showed that topdressing dry KCl will probably not be an effectively manage specific gravity for optimum processing quality and economic return. The spacing/seed piece size studies provided essential information on seed management and planting for each of the new cultivars. Texas First year seedlings (77,534) resulting from 575 different parental combinations were grown near Springlake and near Dalhart for selection with 222 original selections made. A crossing block of 23 clones was to produce 39 families with emphasis on colored flesh. Seedling tubers were received from the North Dakota (20,155), USDA/ARS Aberdeen, ID (9,717), Oregon (15,784), and Colorado (20,147) breeding programs. In the greenhouse 13,406 (Texas) tuberlings were grown from true seed and 6,946 were sent to the Colorado (2,688), North Dakota (1,516), Minnesota (1,281), and USDA/ARS Prosser, WA (1,561) programs. The Texas Program had five entries in the Western Regional Russet Trial, one in the Western Regional Chipping Trial, and sixteen entries in the Southwestern Regional Trials Texas entries into trials Western Regional Russet Trial; AOTX95265-2ARu, AOTX95265-4Ru, MWTX2609-2Ru, MWTX2609-4Ru, TXA549-1Ru. Southwestern Regional Trials; ATTX961014-1R/Y, ATTX98500-2P/Y, AOTX95265-1RU, AOTX95265-3RU, AOTX95295-3RU, AOTX98137-1RU, ATX9117-1RU, ATX9130-1RU, ATX9202-3RU, ATX97147-4RU, ATTX98453-6R, COTX94218-1R, COTX00104-7R, NDTX4784-7R, NDTX4828-2R, and TX1475-3W. Western Regional Chipping Trial; ATTX95490-2W There is a continued expanded emphasis on evaluating processing /chipping selections as well as colored flesh selections. Work continues on screening for and identifying important phytochemicals in potato and its wild relatives including evaluating these compounds for anti-cancerous properties and preparation of publications reporting this work Virtually all of the russet potatoes grown in Texas in 2006 were the improved Texas Russet Norkotah strains. In 2005, Texas recorded the highest Summer crop yields in the nation (465Cwt/A) among the 12 states producing a summer crop. PVP is pending for TX1523-1Ru/Y (Sierra Goldä), Stampede Russet, and Rio Rojo. A major program emphasis continued to involve virus testing, clean-up, and minituber multiplication of the significant backlog of selected clones. California Klamath Pearl, a small white potato cultivar specifically screened and developed as a gourmet potato, suitable for organic production in the Klamath Basin area was marketed nationally. Variety evaluations at the Intermountain Research and Extension Center in Tulelake included the Western Regional Russet Variety Trial, Western Regional Chip Variety Trial and Western Regional Red/Specialty Variety Trial and the Southwest Regional Variety Trials. In total, 316 replicated variety yield plots were harvested and graded. In addition to the regional variety trials, cultural management trails were conducted on new and near-released potato varieties. This type of research is critical to the successful commercial adoption of newly released varieties. A total of 320 potato management yield plots were harvested and graded. Trials were conducted to determine optimum planting densities for six Russet skinned varieties and four red skinned cultivars. Except for one entry, all of the varieties produced higher yields and better size grade profiles at the highest plant densities. This is not too surprising given Tulelakes short growing season. Interestingly, TX1532-1Ru/Y, a Russet skinned, yellow fleshed variety, produced better at the intermediate planting densities. Three red varieties and seven Russet varieties were also evaluated for response to increasing rates of nitrogen fertilizer. The responsiveness of the tested varieties to nitrogen fertilization was very modest with a few cultivars showing slight increases in yield with added N and others showing slight decreases. These results may have been attenuated by a favorable sequence of crop rotations preceding the trials and by the 10% stable organic matter content of the Tulelake soils. Storage trials at Tulelake included two replicated samples of all yield trial entries. Fresh market Russet, red and yellow selections were stored at 38-40°F and chipper entries were stored at 50°F. The most promising experimental cultivars from the Tulelake Regional Trials were displayed and discussed at a well attended potato grower meeting in Tulelake on February 16, 2006. Within the Southwest Regional Trial in Kern County, a small Mycorrhizae Inoculation Trial was conducted. To determine if seed pieces dusted with a commercial mycorrhizal inoculant may improve potato yield or quality. Like the previous two years results, there was a significant increase in yield for standard strain of Russet Norkotah of nearly 90 cwt/A with the addition of the inoculant. On all the other varieties, the inoculant actually reduced yields slightly.

Publications

Alenazi, M. M., Hughes, H. G., Stushnoff, C. and Holm, D. G. 2006. Influence of storage temperature and time in storage on pigment content of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). HortScience, 41:1014. (Abstract). Brown, C. R., J. M. Crosslin, H. Mojtahedi, S. James, and B. A. Charlton. 2006. Stability of and nature of resistance to corky ringspot disease in an advanced tetraploid breeding population. In press. Amer. J. Potato Res. Brown, C. R., Mojtahedi, H., James, S., Novy, R. G., and Love, S. 2006. Development and evaluation of potato breeding lines with introgressed resistance to columbia root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne chitwoodi). Amer. J. Potato. Res. 83: 1-8. Brown, C.R., J.M. Crosslin, H. Mojtahedi, S. James, and B.A. Charlton. 2006. Stability of and Nature of Resistance to Corky Ringspot Disease in an Advanced Tetreploid Breeding Population. In press. Am J Potato Res. Charlton, B. A. 2006. Effects of oxamyl on suppression of the Tobacco rattle virus vector Paratrichodorus allius and corky ringspot disease of potato in the Klamath Basin of south-central Oregon. M.S Thesis. Iowa State University. Agronomy Department. Charlton, B.A. 2006. Effects of oxamyl on suppression of the Tobacco rattle virus vector Paratrichodorus allius and corky ringspot disease of potato in the Klamath Basin of south-central Oregon. M.S Thesis. Iowa State University. Agronomy Department. Crosslin, J. M., Hamm, P. B., Hane, D. C., Jaeger, J., Brown, C. R., P. J. Shiel, P. J. Berger, P. H., Thornton, R. E. 2006. The occurrence of PVY-O, PVY-N, and PVY-N:O strains of potato virus Y in certified potato seed lot trials in Washington and Oregon. Plant Disease 90: 1102-1105. David, N.L, R.E. Ingham, N.D. McKinley, B.A. Charlton, K.J. Merrifield, and N.M. Wade. 2006. Post harvest symptom development of Meloidogyne chitwoodi on potato. Journal of Nematology 38:269-270. David, N. L, R. E. Ingham, N. D. McKinley, B. A. Charlton, K. J. Merrifield, and N.M. Wade. 2006. Post harvest symptom development of Meloidogyne chitwoodi on potato. J. of Nematol. 38: 269-270. Eldredge, E. P., C. C. Shock, and L. D. Saunders. 2006. Potato variety trials 2005. Oregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station, Special Report 1070: 158-176. Essah, S. Y. C., Holm, D. G., Davidson, R. D.. 2006. Yield and skin color response of Colorado red potatoes to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid application. Annual Meeting of the Potato Association of America, VI International Solanaceae Conference, and Solanaceae Genomics Network, Madison, Wisconsin. (Abstract). Essah, S. Y. C., Holm, D. G., and Davidson, R. D. 2006. Timing vine desiccation to optimize yield, tuber size distribution, and quality of two Colorado russet potatoes. Annual Meeting of the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, Indianapolis, Indiana. (Abstract). [CD-ROM]. Essah, S. Y. C., Holm, D. G., Davidson, R. D.. 2006. In-season nitrogen management for improved yield and quality of two potato cultivars. In Proceedings [CD-ROM]. World Potato Congress, Boise, ID. Holm, D. G. and Naranjo, P. F. 2006. 2005 Potato Breeding and Selection Research Report to the San Luis Valley Research Center Committee and the Colorado Potato Administrative Committees (Area II and III). 96pp. James, S. R., Shock, C. C., D. Hane, B. Charlton and M. I. Vales. 2006. Oregon Potato Variety Development Program. In: Research Progress Reports, Oregon Potato Commission, Portland. Online: http://oregonstate.edu/potatoes/reports/2006 James, S., C. Shock, D. Hane, B. Charlton, and I. Vales. 2007. "Oregon Potato Variety Development Program Progress Report 2006-2007. Pp. 36-41 in Oregon Potato Conference and Research Progress Report. Oregon Potato Commission. Love, S. L., Novy, R. G., Whitworth, J. L., Corsini, D. L., Pavek, J. J., Mosley, A. R., Pavek, M. J., Knowles, R. K., Brown, C. R., James, S. R., and Hane, D. C. 2006. Western Russet: A new potato variety with excellent fresh market and frozen-fried processing quality and field resistance to common scab and PVY. Amer. J. Potato Res. 83: 161-169. Love, S. L., Novy, R. G., Whitworth, J. L., Corsini, D. L., Pavek, J. J., Mosley, A. R., Pavek, M. J., Knowles, R. K., Brown, James, S. R., and Hane, D. C. 2006. Gemstar Russet: A new russet potato variety with high yield, good culinary quality, excellent, fresh market appearance, and resistance to common scab. Amer. J. Potato Res. 83: 171-180. Miller, J. C., Jr., Koym, J. W., Scheuring, D. C., Miller, J. P., Nunez J., Carlson, H., Kirby, D. W., Holm, D. G., and Naranjo, P. 2006. Southwest Regional Potato Variety Trial Report 2005. Tex. Agr. Expt. Sta., College Station and Lubbock. 23p. Novy, R. G., S. L. Love, D. L. Corsini, J. J. Pavek, J. L. Whitworth, A. R. Mosley, S. R. James, D. C. Hane, C. C. Shock, K. A. Rykbost, C. R. Brown, R. E. Thornton, N. R. Knowles, M. J. Pavek, N. Olsen, and D. A. Inglis 2006. Defender: A high-yielding, processing potato cultivar with foliar and tuber resistance to late blight. American Journal of Potato Research 83, 9-19. Novy, R.G, Alvarez, J.M., Sterrett, S.B., Kuhar, T.P., Horton, D. 2006. Progeny of a tri-species potato somatic hybrid express resistance to wireworm in eastern and western potato production regions of the U.S. American Journal of Potato Research. 83:126. Novy, R.G., Miller, J.S., Porter, L.D., Yilma, S., and Mosley, A.R. 2006. Identification and use of Solanum tuberosum subsp. andigena clones having both foliar and tuber resistance to late blight. American Journal of Potato Research. 83:126-127. Novy, R. G., S. L. Love, D. L. Corsini, J. J. Pavek, J. L. Whitworth, A. R. Mosley, S. R. James, D. C. Hane, C. C. Shock, K. A. Rykbost, C. R. Brown, R. E.Thornton , N. R. Knowles, M. J. Pavek, N. Olsen, and D. A. Inglis. 2006. Defender: A high-yielding, processing potato cultivar with foliar and tuber resistance to late blight. Amer. J. Pot. Res. 83:126 (abstract). Ottoman R, D. Hane, C. Brown, S. Yilma, A. Mosley, M.I. Vales. 2006. Usefulness of Molecular Markers to Screen for PVY Resistance (Ryadg gene) in Potatoes. In abstracts of the 90th Annual Meeting of the Potato Association of America, VI International Solanaceae Conference and Solanaceae Genomics Network. July 23-27, 2006, Madison, Wisconsin. Ottoman, R J. 2006. Marker-Assisted selection for resistance to potato virus Y. MS Thesis. Oregon State University. July 17, 2006. Pereira, A. B., C. C. Shock, E. P. Eldredge, and L. D. Saunders. 2006. Effect of irrigation systems and cultural practices on potato performance. Oregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station, Special Report 1070: 177-186. Vales, M.I., and S. Yilma. 2006. Potato breeding and and varietal development. In: Research Progress Reports. The Oregon Potato Commission, Portland. Online: http://oregonstate.edu/potatoes/reports/2006 Vales, M. I., J. McMorran, A. R. Mosley, and S. Yilma. 2006. Crop science extension and foundation seed program. In: Research Progress Reports. The Oregon Potato Commission, Portland. Online: http://oregonstate.edu/potatoes/reports/2006 Whitworth, J.L., P.B. Hamm, D.C. Hane, C.S. McIntosh. 2006. Effect of Potato virus Y (PVY) on yield of Russet Norkotah Lines. American Journal of Potato Research. 83:138. Yilma S., A. R. Mosley, and M. I. Vales. 2006. The effect of meadowfoam (Limnanthes alba) seed meal extract in potato production. In abstracts of the Association for the Advancement of Industrial Crops (AAIC) Annual Meeting. New Crops and New Uses: Creating Markets for Economic Development. October 14-18, 2006. San Diego, California.

Impact Statements

Northwest (Idaho, Oregon, Washington) - Primary research accomplishments in 2006 were the release of potato breeding clones A93157-6LS, A9045-7, and NDA5507-3Y. They will be grown by the U.S. potato industry under the trademarked names of Premier Russet, Highland Russet, and Yukon Gem, respectively. These potato clones are being released jointly by the University of Idaho, Washington State University, and Oregon State University which, along with USDA/ARS breeders, comprise the Northwest Potato Variety Development Program (Tri-State Program). Each variety offers various combinations of genetic traits that until now were unavailable in commercial potato varieties.
Oregon Oregon State University was the lead institution in releasing nine varieties (Century Russet, Umatilla Russet, Russet Legend, Klamath Russet, Mazama, Winema, Wallowa Russet, Modoc and Willamette) since 1995 and has joined PNW neighboring states and the ARS (Tri-State Program) in releasing another 14. Umatilla Russet (a PVP release) ranked 7th most planted variety in the nation in 2006. Varieties recently released by the Tri-State Program are now produced on over 110,000 acres with value to growers placed at approximately $150 million.
California - The evaluation of new, promising varieties in cooperative regional trials has been ranked as the top research priority by potato grower groups in both of California‘s major production areas. The University of California receives annual grower funding to help support this regional efforts. Based upon UC testing, release of Premier Russet promises to have immediate impact on Northern California fresh market production.
Colorado - Since 1975, there have been 19 potato cultivars released by Colorado State University (CSU) or in cooperation with other agencies. Colorado State University releases accounted for 46% of the 59,900 acres planted to fall potatoes in Colorado in 2006. Of the Russet Norkotah fall potato acreage in Colorado, 46% was planted to Colorado Russet Norkotah Selections 3 and 8. Colorado cultivars and clonal selections accounted for 52% of the 13,249 acres of Colorado certified seed accepted for certification in 2006. Advanced Colorado selections accounted for another 5% of the seed acreage. Three of the top six russet potato cultivars (Russet Norkotah-S3, Russet Norkotah-S8, and Rio Grande Russet) produced for seed in the U. S. were developed by the Colorado program. Additionally Canela Russet (AC92009-4RU), Centennial Russet, Silverton Russet, and Russet Nugget are in the top 20 russet cultivars produced for seed.

Date of Annual Report: 06/20/2008

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 02/11/2008 - 02/11/2008
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2006 - 09/01/2007

Participants

Bain, Peggy (mbain@uidaho.edu)University of Idaho
Bragg, Jeff (jbragg@potandon.com)Potandon Produce
Castleberry, Henry(hcastleberry@mtnking.com
Charlton,Brian(brian.a.charlton@oregonstate.edu) OSU, Klamath Falls
Culp,Darrin(Darrin.Culp@oregonstate.edu) OSU, Klamath
Davidson, Rob(rdavid@coop.ext.colostate.edu) Colorado State
Debons, Jeanne(jeannedebons@msn.com)Potato Variety Management Institute
Essah, Samuel(sessah@lamar.colostate.edu)Colorado State University
French, Allan(allan.french@simplot.com)Simplot Food Group, Caldwell, ID
Goktepe, Fahrettin(fgoktepe@lamar.colostate.edu)Colorado State
Hammond, Dave(David.hammond@conagrafoods.com:Conagra Hermiston
Hane, Dan(dan.hane@oregonstate.edu)OSU, Hermiston
Hiles, Chris(CDHILES@wsu.edu)WSU Pullman
Holden, Zach(zholden@wsu.edu)WSU Pullman
Holm, David(spudmkr@lamar.colostate.edu)Colorado State University
Knowles, Richard (rknowles@wsu.edu)Washington State University
Koym, Jeff(j-koym@tamu.edu) Texas A&M University
Martin, Mel(Mel.Martin@simplot.com)Simplot, Moses Lake
Miller, Creighton (jcmillerjr@tamu.edu)Texas A&M University
Novy, Rich (Rich.Novy@ars.usda.gov)USDA-ARS, Aberdeen
Nzaramba, Mzaramba (nmzaramba@tamu.edu)Texas A&M
Pavek, Mark(mjpavek@wsu.edu)Washington State University
Scheuring, Doug(d-scheuring@tamu.edu)Texas A&M
Schneider, Brian (schne@uidaho.edu)USDA-ARS, Aberdeen
Shock, Clint(Clinton.Shock@oregonatate.edu) OSU Malheur
Stewart, Allan (ahstewar@mccain.ca)McCain Produce, Inc.
Thornton, Bob(Thornton@wsu.edu)Retired
Vales, Isabel(isabel.vales@oregonstate.edu) OSU, Corvallis

Brief Summary of Minutes

WERA-27 Annual Meeting
Inn of the Rio Grande
Alamosa, Colorado
Monday, February 11, 2008

Call to Order
The meeting was called to order at 1:30 PM by Chair Samuel Essah.

Introductions

Approval of Agenda
The agenda was distributed. Motion was made by Dan Hane and seconded by Dave Holm to accept the agenda without additions. Motion was approved.

Approval of Minutes from 2007 Meeting in Moses Lake, WA
The 2007 Minutes were distributed. Motion was made by Dan Hane and seconded by Rich Novy to accept the 2007 Minutes as distributed. Motion was approved.

Administrative Advisors Report
Greg Bohach, Administrative Advisor, was unable to attend the meeting due to a conflict. He sent his regards and will email a report to the group.

State Reports
Oregon, Idaho and Washington presented their reports at the Tri-State meeting earlier in the day (see attached).

Minutes Attachment:

Attachment

Accomplishments

State Reports IDAHO STATE REPORT J. Stark, R. Novy, J. Whitworth, M. Thornton, N. Olsen, P. Bain, T Brandt, and M. Chappell. In 2007, we evaluated the productivity and quality of potato clones in 33 trials at five locations across the southern part of the state. Particular emphasis was placed on selecting varieties with adaptation to local conditions, dual utility with use in both fresh and processing markets, production efficiency, and multiple disease resistances. During the past year two varieties were released, including A88338-1, and A84180-8 and another, A95109-1 is being prepared for release. A88338-1 Released in 2007, is a late maturing selection with medium to heavy russet skin. U.S. No. 1 yields of A88338-1 were 78%, 42%, 42%, and 17% higher than Russet Burbank in eastern, western and central Idaho and Oregon, and Washington, respectively. Specific gravity and processing quality are similar to Russet Burbank. It has much better resistance to Verticillium wilt, PLRV, common scab and soft rot than Russet Burbank, making it a good candidate for organic production. It also has good resistance to Blackspot bruise. A84180-8 Released in 2007, is a late maturing, medium-russet cultivar with good culinary quality and good potential for the fresh market. U.S. No. 1 yields for A84180-8 were 26, 11 and 10% higher than Russet Burbank in eastern Idaho, western and central Idaho and Washington, respectively. It has good resistance to internal and external defects and has high vitamin C content. A84180-8 is more resistant to common scab and Verticillium wilt than Russet Burbank, but has similar susceptibility to foliar and tuber early blight. It also is less susceptible to soft rot and PLRV than Russet Burbank. A95109-1 An early maturing selection with medium to high yield and long heavily russeted tubers. A95109-1 produces a very high proportion of U.S. No. 1 tubers, which are very smooth and attractive and it is resistant to most internal and external defects. It has excellent culinary quality and fresh pack potential and reasonably good processing quality. A95109-1 has moderate resistance to foliar early blight, common scab, and dry rot. It is considered susceptible to PVYo, but is symptomatic in its expression of infection. Progress has continued last year in identifying corky ringspot resistant germplasm that also has desirable yield, quality and tuber appearance characteristics. In addition, research was initiated this year in cooperation with a group of Tri-State cooperators coordinated by Chuck Brown to evaluate the resistance of some advanced selections to powdery scab and black dot. Cultural Management: Ten management studies were conducted in 2007 to help define cultural recommendations for new varieties, specifically with respect to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization, plant spacing, seed piece size requirements and herbicide tolerances. Phosphorus recommendations were found to be slightly higher for A93157-6LS than Russet Burbank and Ranger. The nitrogen requirement for A95109-1 was similar to Russet Burbank, while AOA95154-1 was 40-60 lb N/acre higher than Russet Burbank and NDA5507-3Y was about 40 lb N/acre lower. Research with 100-200 lb K/acre applied as KCL though the sprinkler system during late bulking was ineffective in managing specific gravity of Russet Burbank, Ranger Russet and A93157-6LS. Optimal plant spacing results from our 2007 studies were 8-9 inches for A95109-1 and NDA5507-3Y, 10-11 inches for A9045-7 and 11-13 inches for AOA95154-1. Storage Research: The following selections were produced at the UI Kimberly R&E Center in 2006; A9305-10, A95109-1, A9045-7, A91814-5, AOA95154-1 and Russet Burbank (RB). The cultivars were harvested and placed in storage on September 29, 2006. All six cultivars were maintained at three storage temperatures: 42, 45, and 48°F, ramped at a rate of 0.5°F/day, following a 14 day 55°F curing period, and sprout inhibited with CIPC versus non-inhibited. Dormancy break in all treatment combinations was monitored over a 9 month period as well as sugar concentrations and susceptibility to Fusarium dry rot. The dormancy length of A9305-10 was the same as RB at 45 and 48°F, and about 10 days longer than RB when stored at 42°F (Table 1). It continues to perform similarly to RB in susceptibility to dry rot. A9305-10 had the highest sucrose concentrations of the selections tested throughout most of the storage season. Glucose concentrations were below 0.05% at both 45 and 48°F (Fig. 1). Fry color was d USDA 1 when stored at both 45 and 48°F. A95109-1 has a shorter dormancy than RB (20-45 days, depending on temperature), and its dry rot susceptibility is similar to RB. Glucose was below 0.10% at 45o and 48oF, but rose above 0.20% at 42oF. Mean stem end fry color was USDA 3 and 4 at 42°F, USDA 2 at 45°F and USDA 1 or below at 48°F. A9045-7 has a relatively short dormancy, at approximately two months shorter than RB, and its susceptibility to dry rot was similar to RB. Percent glucose for A9045-7 exceeded 0.20% at 42°F storage, and was ~0.10% at both 45 and 48°F. Fry color in A9045-7 was a USDA 4 at 42°F and approximately a USDA 2 at both 45 and 48°F. Table 1. Approximate dormancy length at 3 storage temperatures for the storage season 2006-07. Dormancy Length in Days Cultivar 42 °F 45 °F 48 °F Russet Burbank 170 155 140 A9305-10 180 155 140 A95109-1 150 130 95 A9045-7 120 85 80 A91814-5 130 125 90 AOA95154-1 110 90 85 Dormancy length is defined as the number of days from harvest until 80% potatoes have at least one sprout ³ 5 mm in length. The dormancy of AOA95154-1 is relatively short, ranging from 110 days at 42°F to 85 days at 48°F. In this first year of testing, AOA95154-1 had high susceptibility to dry rot, with 40% decay and 83% incidence. Percent weight loss was also relatively high in this cultivar, ranging from 8.3% at 45°F to 13.6% at 48°F. Percent glucose was the second lowest in this selection (below ~0.05%) at the three temperatures throughout the whole storage period. Fry color was very light, a USDA 1 or lower, at all three temperatures all nine months. This selection performed similarly to A93157-6LS in storage. 2007 WA State Tri-State/Regional Report 2007 RESEARCH TRIALS: Trial Plant Date Vine Kill Date Harvest Date Days Grown Location Early Tri State April 4 July 23 August 6 110 Othello Late Tri State April 17 Sept 17 September 25 162 Othello Early Regional April 4 July 23 August 6 110 Othello Late Regional April 17 Sept 17 September 25 162 Othello Regional Red March 21 July 20 July 30 121 Granger, WA Regional Specialty March 21 July 20 July 30 121 Granger, WA GrowthCycle/Morph April 11 Sept 22 Every 10 days 165 Othello Fertility by Variety April 16 Sept 24 October 9 161 Othello N rate study 6LS April 5 Sept 24 October 8 156 Othello N rate Study Alturas April 5 Sept 24 October 8 156 Othello Early A95109 Fert. April 5 July 23 Aug 1 109 Othello Late A95109 Fert. April 5 Sept 4 Sept 20 152 Othello Early Ranger Spacing March 29 July 19 July 25 112 Oth, Herm, Patterson 2007 ACCOMPLISHMENTS: 1. The Washington State Variety Development Group successfully planted, grew, harvested, and analyzed thirteen research trials (six variety trials and seven cultural management trials). The variety trials compared 51 new clones and cultivars to seven standard reference cultivars for early- and late-harvest management. In addition, two cultivars were released: A84180-8, and A88338-1. Trademarked names of these and other cultivars are being reviewed. 2. The third and final year of a reduced in-season nitrogen study was conducted with two rates and 8 varieties. The study examines 8 new and existing varieties under 100% of RB recommended in-season nitrogen and 50% of RB recommended in-season nitrogen. We found that under the same fertilizer regime, most of these varieties petiole NO3-N concentration correlated closely with Russet Burbank (see figures within the results section). This means that as R. Burbanks petiole concentrations change in response to N consumption, the petioles of other varieties also change in a similar manner. However, the NO3-N concentration in the petioles of the 7 other varieties, was not always at the same level as R. Burbank. A95109-1, Defender, GemStar, and Ranger Petioles tended to have higher NO3-N concentrations than R. Burbank when grown under the same fertilizer regime. Petiole concentrations of A93157-6LS, Alturas, and Umatilla, closer to those of R. Burbank (see results section, Figures 9 & 10). Full results will be discussed at the 2008 WA Potato Conference and then later published in Potato Progress. 3. A95109-1 is scheduled to be released soon as an early and late fresh and direct-processing cultivar. This variety produces a higher carton yield than that of any R. Norkotah strain. One problem with this variety is that the tubers can get too large. We finished the second year of a Reduced In-season Nitrogen x In-Row Spacing Trial this year, and looked at two harvest dates: early and late. The longer this variety is grown during a season, the larger the tubers get and therefore, the in-row spacing and the N should be reduced below what is typical for R. Burbank. This variety has great potential due to its good flavor, uniform shape, high US# 1 pack out, and its ability to yield with reduced in-season nitrogen (see results section, Figures 11 & 12). Results will be released to the WA industry in the near future. 4. We finished our third and final year of the Early-Harvest Ranger Spacing Trial. We had studies at Othello, Hermiston and Paterson. Across all years and sites, 15 inch in-row spacing has been economically superior to other spacing. Tighter in-row spacing produced higher yields, but tuber size profile was not as profitable as if the tubers were planted at 15 inches. Growers may still profit at different in-row spacing, but for the early harvest (110 DAP), 15 inches was consistently the most profitable in-row spacing across all sites and years (see results section, Figures 13 & 14). Growers wishing to harvest earlier or later than 110 DAP should adjust their in-row spacing according to anticipated harvest date. More in-depth results will be published and released to the WA industry in the near future. 5. We finished our Variety Growth Cycle Morphology study with Dr. Knowles. From the data, we are learning important information about many new and existing cultivars that will help us make cultural and post-harvest management recommendations to help the growers maximize profits. See Dr. Knowles 2007 progress report for the final report. 6. Chris Hiles, a masters student, joined the WSU Potato Variety Development team in 2007. His focus is on fertility management for existing cultivars. During 2007 we conducted two trials with six in-season N rates to produce in-season N recommendations for Alturas and A93157-6LS. The data will be reported on next year. Ed Driskill is no longer with the WSU program and the position will not be filled unless funding is restored. We are also short one ½ time office position due to funding cuts. Overall research efforts for 2008 will be reduced due to funding cuts. 2007 TEXAS PROGRESS REPORT " 76,270 first year seedlings, resulting from 581 different parental combination or families (crosses), were grown for selection on the Barrett Farm (40,594) near Springlake and on the CSS Farm (35,676) near Dalhart. " 304 original selections were made. " 35 clones were intercrossed to produce 50 families, with emphasis on colored flesh. " We received seedlings tubers from the Idaho (9,137), Oregon (15,784), Colorado (19,978), and North Dakota (24,810) breeding programs. Colorado also provided 1,271 mini tubers from advanced Texas selections for seed increase. " We grew 6,664 tuberlings in the greenhouse from true seed. " Evaluation trials were conducted at Springlake (Spring March planting, July-August harvests), and Dalhart (Fall April planting, August-October harvests) Some 728 advanced selections/new cultivars were tested in 19 separate trials. " Western Regional Trials were conducted at both Springlake (Russet and Red/Specialty) and Dalhart (Chip). " The Texas Program had four entries in the Western Regional Russet Trial (AOTX95265-2ARu, AOTX95265-3Ru, AOTX95265-4Ru, and TXA549-1Ru), and two in the Western Regional Red/ Specialty Trial (ATTX961014-1R/Y and ATTX98500-2P/Y). " The Texas program entered ten selections (ATTX98500-3P/Y, AOTX96265-2Ru, AOTX98137-1Ru, ATX97147-4Ru, ATX97232-1Ru, ATTX98453-6R, COTX94218-1R, COTX00104-7R, NDTX4784-7R, and TX1475-3W) in the Southwestern Regional Trials. " Field day was held on June 27 at Springlake and was well attended. " Continued expanded emphasis on evaluating processing /chipping selections as well as colored flesh selections. " Work continued on screening for and identifying important phytochemicals in potato and its wild relatives, including evaluating these compounds for anti-cancer properties in human prostate cancer cells and publication of results of this work. " Virtually all of the russet potatoes grown in Texas in 2006 were the improved Texas Russet Norkotah strains. In 2005, Texas recorded the highest Summer crop yields in the nation (465Cwt/A) among the 12 states producing a summer crop. " PVP has been approved for TX1523-1Ru/Y (Sierra Goldä) and is pending for Stampede Russet and Rio Rojo. " A major program emphasis in 2007 continued to involve virus testing, clean-up, and minituber multiplication of the significant backlog of selected clones. " A major new program addressing Zebra Chip was initiated. Colorado: State Report 2007 The major objectives of the Colorado Potato Breeding and Selection Program are: (1) to develop new potato cultivars (russets, reds, specialties, and chippers) with increased yield, improved quality, improved nutritional characteristics, resistance to diseases and pests, and tolerance to environmental stresses; (2) to collaborate with growers, shippers, processors, and research personnel to assess the production, adaptability, marketability, and other characteristics of advanced selections from the Colorado program; (3) to provide a basic seed source of selections to growers for seed increase and commercial testing; (4) to evaluate promising selections for possible export (interstate and international). The primary emphasis is placed on the development of russet cultivars. The balance of the breeding effort is devoted to developing red, specialty, and chipping cultivars. This broad approach is important because it recognizes the diverse markets accessed by potato growers throughout Colorado. The development of "low input" cultivars, primarily for reduced nitrogen and fungicide input has always been emphasized. In addition to the general criteria mentioned above specific breeding emphasis is being placed on identifying germplasm and developing cultivars that have: (1) early vine maturity and rapid tuber bulking; (2) improved nutritional quality and other "consumer" related characteristics; (3) immunity to PVY; (4) resistance to late blight (foliar and tuber); (5) resistance to storage rots [dry rot (Fusarium and early blight) and bacterial soft rot]; (6) resistance to powdery scab; and (7) and resistance to pink rot. Breeding and Selection Program. The Colorado Potato Breeding and Selection Program intercrossed ninety-three parental clones in 2007 in two separate crossing blocks. The emphasis of the first crossing block was russet, red, and specialty cultivar development. The second emphasized russet and red cultivar development, PVY immunity, and nematode resistance. Seed from 383 combinations was obtained. Approximately 46,227 seedling tubers representing 249 families were produced from 2003, 2005, and 2006 crosses, for initial field selection in 2008. These seedlings represent crosses segregating primarily for russet, reds, specialty types, and disease resistance/immunity (late blight, PLRV, and PVY). Second through fourth size seedling tubers will be distributed to Idaho (USDA-ARS), Minnesota, North Dakota, Texas, Wisconsin, and Alberta, Canada (Agriculture Canada). Colorado grew 80,101 first-year seedlings in 2007, with 643 selected for subsequent planting, evaluation, and increase in future years. A portion of these seedlings were obtained from the USDA-ARS, Agriculture Canada, North Dakota State University, and Texas A&M University. Another 893 clones were in 12-hill, preliminary, and intermediate stages of selection. At harvest, 229 were saved for further observation. Forty-three advanced selections were saved and will be increased in 2008. Another 262 selections and cultivars were maintained for germplasm development, breeding, other experimental purposes, or seed increases for other programs. Field trials conducted in 2008 included: Preliminary Trial, Intermediate Yield Trial, Advanced Yield Trial, Southwestern Regional Trial, Western Regional Russet/Processing Trial, Western Regional Red Trial, Western Regional Specialty Trial, San Luis Valley Chipping Study, and Western Regional Chipping Trial. All trials are grown under "low input" conditions, primarily for reduced nitrogen and fungicide. A total of 160 samples are in the process of being evaluated for two or more of the following postharvest characteristics: blackspot susceptibility, storage weight loss, dormancy, enzymatic browning, specific gravity, french fry color, french fry texture, and chip color. Advanced selections evaluated in the Southwest Regional Trials, Western Regional Trials, or by producers in 2007, included 8 russets (AC96052-1RU, C094035-15, C095172-3RU, C097087-2RU, C097138-3RU, C097138-7RU, C098067-7RU, and C098368-2RU), 4 reds (C098012-5R, C099076-6R, C099256-3R, and C099256-2R), 5 chippers (AC97097-14W, AC99213-8W, C096141-4W, C097043-14W, and C097065-7W), and 13 specialties (AC97521-1R/Y, AC99329-7PW/Y, AC99330-1P/Y, C097215-2P/P, C097222-1R/R, C097226-2R/R, C097227-2P/PW, C097232-1R/Y, C097232-2R/Y, C097233-3R/Y, C099045-1W/Y, C099338-3RU/Y, and VClO09-W/Y). Two cultivars were named in 2007 including Canela Russet (AC92009-4RU) and Rio Colorado (NDC5281-2R). Canela Russet is a fresh market selection with a medium-high total yield and excellent tuber type. It has a low level of external and internal grade defects. Tubers have a long dormancy minimizing the need for sprout inhibition in storage. Rio Colorado is an early maturing red developed for the B sized market. Rio Colorado has excellent tuber color and color retention in storage compared with many popular reds in the marketplace. Tubers have good storability with minimal external and internal grade defects. PYP is pending for Colorado Rose, Rio Grande Russet, Mountain Rose, and Purple Majesty. Canela Russet and Rio Colorado. Table 1 compares the Colorado certified seed acreage (G I-G6 and Experimental) for recent releases undergoing grower evaluation/commercialization in 2003-2007. ARS-Aberdeen Report February 11, 2008 Rich Novy and Jonathan Whitworth, USDA/ARS Aberdeen, Idaho Variety Development Two new potato varieties from were released in 2007: A88338-1 and A84180-8. Descriptions of these two varieties are detailed in the Idaho state report. In 2008, A95109-1 will be considered for release. It is an early-maturing, dual-purpose russet notable for its production of attractive tubers and its high percentage of U.S. NO.1 yield. A951 09-1 also expresses resistance to common scab and dry rot and has a low incidence of external and internal defects. Its primary weakness may be some susceptibility to shatter bruise that has been noted in WA. Additional information on A951 09-1 is provided in the Idaho state report. Research Ø Two papers detailing PLRV and PVY resistances derived from wild potato species S. etuberosum, and the localization of its PLRV resistance to chromosome 4 were published in 2007. Post-doctoral researcher, Kevin Kelley, who joined our program in September, 2005,has identified molecular markers closely linked to potato leafroll virus (PLRV) resistance from Solanum etuberosum that hold promise for use in marker-assisted selection (MAS). In collaboration with Dr. Alex Karasev, a Virologist with the University of Idaho, the mechanism of PLRV resistance also will be examined. Ø In collaboration with Susie Thompson and Neil Gudmestad, North Dakota State University, germplasm derived from the potato species S. etuberosum, S. berthaultii, and S. bulbocastanum have been identified as having pink rot and leak resistance. Our program is working to determine if previously characterized genes for late blight resistance identified in S. bulbocastanum and S. berthau/tii also contribute to the observed pink rot resistance. Ø Potato germplasm with species-derived resistance to wireworm is being evaluated to identify mechanism(s) of resistance and chemical compounds that may be contributing to resistance. This work is being conducted in collaboration with Roy Navarre, USDA-ARS, Prosser, WA, Dave Horton, USDA-ARS, Wapato, WA, and Juan Alvarez, University of Idaho, Aberdeen, ID, with funding from the ARS-State Partnership Potato Program. Ø Tuber moth resistant germplasm from the International Potato Center (CIP) in Peru were successfully used as parents in 2007 with seed of progeny to be planted this year. In addition, tuber moth resistant germplasm from Brazil was obtained as true potato seed in 2007. Seed was germinated and seedling tubers produced in the greenhouse. Seedling tubers will be planted as single hill selections in the field this year. Ø In 2007, potato germplasm from Europe with pale potato cyst nematode resistance were successfully used as parents. Additional clones derived from a New Zealand nematode resistant cultivar and germplasm from the Cornell breeding program also will be used as parents in 2008. Ø This year saw the completion of the 3rd year of the national PVY survey. Bioassays of 10 North American cultivars and advanced clones from the breeding program for foliar and tuber symptoms caused by PVY necrotic isolates from the survey have been completed. One more set of survey virus isolates and potato clones will be screened for foliar and tuber symptoms in 2008. Preliminary results show that tuber symptoms are cultivar and virus isolate dependant. In additional to PVY necrotic tuber symptoms, one PVYo strain has been shown to produce tuber symptoms. Previously, PVYo has not been shown to produce tuber symptoms. Severe tuber defects from PVY necrotic strains were noted in Yukon Gold, NDA5507-3Y, A9045-7, Alturas, with less severe defects noted in Ranger Russet. Ø PVY resistant cultivars obtained for use as parents include Puren from Chile and Gasore from Belgium. Gasore is PVYn strain resistant from tests in Europe. Ø Cultivar HilStar, with resistance to late blight, obtained from Sri Lanka has been used as a parent and HilStar crosses are currently being grown for evaluation. OREGON - STATE REPORT M. Vales, S. Yilma, D. Hane, L. Leroux, C. Shock, E. Feibert. S. James, B. Charlton and D. Culp The Oregon Potato Variety Development program plays an important role in the Pacific Northwest Tri-State Potato Program which includes University efforts in Oregon, Idaho and Washington and USDA/ARS efforts in Idaho and Washington. The Oregon program with its diverse five testing sites conducts a comprehensive breeding program from parental evaluation, crossing, multi-years selections and testing to final cultivar releases and Plant Variety Protection (PVP). The project combines molecular and conventional breeding together with foundation potato seed services (production of pronuclear minitubers and in vitro plantlets) in order to enhance breeding efforts. The main goal of the program is the development of new potato varieties with high quality, yield and resistance to major pests and diseases. When possible, multi-trait recurrent selection procedures are used. The development of high yield and high quality potato varieties with resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses allows producing potatoes under more cost-effective, environmental friendly and healthier conditions by using fewer inputs of chemical fertilizers, fungicides, insecticides and water and at the same time increasing the nutritional value and quality of the crop. The best entries in the 2007 Oregon State-wide trials were A096305-3, A096365-2, A098282-5, A000057-2 and AOO 1057-5 (the first two will be advanced to Western Regional trials, the remaining three will be advanced to Tri-State trials). Detailed Performance data for all 2007 Tri-State and Western Regional variety trials will be available in February, 2008, and will be posted on http://www.ars.usda.gov/mainJdocs.htm?docid=3019. In relation to color-flesh/specialty materials, the following select ions will remain in the Western Regional trials: POR00PG4-1, POR02PG5-l, POR01PG22-1, POR01PG 16-1, POR02PG26-5 and POR02PG37-2. New entries to regional trials are: PA96RR1-193, POR01PG45-5, OR00068-11 and POR03PG23-1. Three advanced potato clones, a long russet of dual use A096160-3 and two bright red skin clones, A093487-2R and C00861 07- L are in the process of being released. In the pipeline there are two Oregon advanced selections, A096164-1 and A096141-3, which show great potential for processing and fresh market use. A096164-l and a red fleshed clone, PORO 1PG20- 12, graduate this year. Specific accomplishments at each Oregon cooperating site: Central Oregon Agricultural Research Center (COARC), Powell Butte: " Produced and stored seed of 693 selections at Powell Butte for Oregon, TriState, regional, chip, specialty, and other trials to be conducted in 2008; " Packaged (5, 10, 25 and 50 lb sacks) and shipped 44,670 lb of seed to 18 research and 13 industry cooperators in 7 states and I Canadian province; " Produced about 4,000 seedling tubers from transplants in the greenhouse with resistance to nematodes, PVY, black dot, powdery scab and late blight; " Pre-selected, planted, harvested, and evaluated 30,099 single-hill seedling tubers and selected 175 for further evaluation; " Evaluated 155 selections in advanced, replicated statewide yield trials, and 419 selections in two preliminary non-replicated screening trials; " Summarized and published all variety trial information from 4 Oregon sites, 1 Washington site and 1 Idaho site (pdf files of the reports available at website listed below); " " Maintained a web site featuring a potato variety database that generates dynamic reports (http:/potatovariety .oregonstatc.edu/). Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center (HAREC): " Evaluated 79 advanced TriState and Western Regional cultivars for chipping, fresh market, processing and specialty use characteristics adaptable to the lower Columbia Basin; " Evaluated yield and quality characteristic for 89 preliminary and advanced Oregon selections; " Grew out 321 Oregon selections and 44 USDA-ARS Aberdeen selections for visual re-selection, with 60 and 8 cultivars being selected, respectively; " Evaluated 10 USDA-ARS cultivars and 75 regional and TriState entries for early die resistance, PVY resistance and net necrosis development from PLRV infection; " Evaluated 84 TriState/Western Regional/USDA-ARS cultivars for field resistance to tuber worm; " Compared the seasonal development of AOA95 I55-7, and A0966160-3 with Russet Burbank, Ranger Russet, and Umatilla Russet; " Evaluated 3 preliminary cultivars from the USDA/ARS Aberdeen program; Klamath Basin Research anti Extension Center (KBREC): " Evaluated 43 advanced TriState and Western Regional cultivars for fresh market, processing, and specialty use characteristics adaptable to the Klamath Basin; " Evaluated 137 preliminary and advanced Oregon cultivars for fresh market, processing, and specialty use characteristics adaptable to the Klamath Basin; " Screened 92 4-hill selections from 2006 single-hill specialty clones grown in Klamath County; " Evaluated 6 advanced TriState cultivars for response to various seed spacing densities; " Pre-selected, planted, harvested, and evaluated 24,340 single-hill seedling tubers and selected 195 further evaluation; " Cooperated on evaluation of pigment stability for 23 preliminary and advanced specialty-type cultivars; " Summarized and published all red-skinned and specialty-type variety trial information from all participating regional cooperators. Malheur Experiment Station (MES), Ontario: " Evaluated 19 Oregon selections, 19 selections in the Western Region Russet late trial, 11 selections in the Oregon Specialty Trial, and 24 selections in the Western Region Specialty Trial. " Determined tuber fry color, sugar ends, specific gravity, and other quality parameters for the 19 selections in the Oregon Statewide and the 19 selections in the Western Region Russet Late Trials. Crop and Soil Science (CSS) Dept. Headquarters, Corvallis: " Made more than 250 successful crosses between promising long russets, chippers, reds and specialties clones and parental clones with known resistance to tuber worm, PVY, PLRV, late blight, corky ring spot, and nematodes; " Produced more than 60,000 seedling tubers from TPS in Corvallis greenhouses for Oregon single-hill screening for 2008 planting. In addition, 20,000 B and C size seedling tubers will be sent to Texas A\&M University and the University of Minnesota for 2008 planting; " Evaluated agronomic and quality traits of 95 potato advanced clones (including russets, chippers, reds and specialty types) in replicated State-wide, TriState and Western Regional trials in Corvallis. " Evaluated foliar and tuber late blight resistance of 694 potato clones in artificially inoculated trials in Corvallis. 567 early generation selections were evaluated in 12- and 4-hills plots, 100 advanced breeding selections and named varieties and 27 varieties from the National Late Blight Evaluation Program were evaluated in replicated trials; " Cleaned five new potato clones, maintained 47 potato accessions in the disease-free clone bank and produced ~ 1,000 lbs of certified disease-free pre-nuclear minitubers; " Updated PVP applications for Oregon released varieties. PVP was granted to Winema, Klamath Russet, Wallowa Russet and Mazama. New PVP applications were submitted for Modoc and Willamette. We are now preparing release and PVP documents for A096160-3, A093487-2R and C0086107-1; " Performed molecular marker evaluations for PVY resistance on 60 clones selected in 2006 and on 92 parental lines used in our crossing block in 2007; " Cooperated on evaluation of pigment heritability and stability for 23 preliminary and advanced specialty-type potato clones; " Early generation potato clones (30 clones including parental lines) derived from crosses involving tuber worm resistant parents were screened for resistant to potato tuber worm damage in replicated trials under laboratory and field conditions in collaboration with experts at Hermiston experiment station; " Two graduate students have been working on their Master degree programs. Jose Ortega thesis project is on the genetic basis of PVY resistance in A93157-6LS and Paul Kingsley is working on quantitative resistance to late blight. Personnel Changes The Klamath Basin Research and Extension Center (KBREC) hired a new Superintendent, Willie Riggs, and a new Faculty Research Assistant, Darrin Culp. Darrin will be involved in potato research under Brian Charlton's supervision. Dan Hane (Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, HAREC) and Steve James (Central Oregon Agricultural Research Center, COARC) announced their plan to retire in 2009. Dan's and Steve's positions are very important for the Oregon Potato Variety Development Program. The Oregon Potato Commission and Russ Karow (Head of Crop and Soil Science Dept., OSU) are aware of the need to refill those positions. Russ Karow will meet with the Dean and with the off campus Research and Extension Center Superintendents to start the process to re-fill those positions. Dan and Steve are planning to continue working part-time for a while after they retire. Eric Eldredge (Post-Doc) at the Malheur Experiment Station (MES, Ontario) is no longer working at this site. A Faculty Research Assistant, Erik Feibert (Faculty Research Assistant), already on board, will be more involved in Potato Research in Ontario. Kandy Marling (Bioscience Research Technician) at Crop and Soil Science (CSS) Dept. Headquarters in Corvallis resigned in 2007. Two part-time Assistants (Jenny Reed and Bob Smith) have been hired. Two Master level graduate students, Jose Ortega and Paul Kingsley joined the Program in April of 2007.

Publications

Impact Statements

The Colorado program named two cultivars in 2007; Canela Russet (AC92009-4RU) and Rio Colorado (NDC5281-2R). Canela Russet is a fresh market selection with a medium-high total yield and excellent tuber type. It has a low level of external and internal grade defects. Tubers have a long dormancy minimizing the need for sprout inhibition in storage. Rio Colorado is an early maturing red developed for the B sized market. Rio Colorado has excellent tuber color and color retention in storage compared with many popular reds in the marketplace. Tubers have good storability with minimal external and internal grade defects.
The Tri-State Potato Variety Development Program has released A88338-1, late maturing with medium to heavy russet skin variety. This variety performed better than Russet Burbank in US. No. 1 yields in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Specific gravity and processing quality are similar to Russet Burbank; better resistance to Verticillium wilt, PLRV, common scab and soft rot than Russet Burbank; good candidate for organic production.; good resistance to Blackspot bruise. A84180-8, late maturing, medium-russet with good culinary quality and potential for the fresh market. U.S. No. 1 yields were higher than Russet Burbank in Idaho and Washington. Good resistance to internal and external defects, high vitamin C content, more resistant to common scab and Verticillium wilt than Russet Burbank, but has similar susceptibility to foliar and tuber early blight. Less susceptible to soft rot and PLRV than Russet Burbank.

Date of Annual Report: 05/14/2009

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 02/20/2009 - 02/20/2009
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2007 - 09/01/2008

Participants

Solomon Yilma (solomon.yilma@orst.edu) Oregon State University;
Bernard Ouellette (globalag@nbnet.nb.ca) Global Agri Services Inc.;
Roy Navarre (roy.navarre@ARS.USDA.GOV)USDA-ARS;
Mark McKim (mark.w.mckim@aphis.usda.gov) USDA-ARS;
Don Kirby (Donald.Kirby@ndsu.edu) North Dakota State University;
Russ Karrow (russell.s.karow@oregonstate.edu) Oregon State University;
Jonathan Whitworth (Jonathan.Whitworth@ars.usda.gov) USDA-ARS;
Mike Thornton (miket@uidaho.edu) University of Idaho;
Brian Schneider (schne@uidaho.edu) USDA-ARS;
Allan French (allan.french@simplot.com) Simplot Food Group;
Allan Stewart (ahstewar@mccain.ca)McCain Produce, Inc.;
Creighton Miller (jcmillerjr@tamu.edu) Texas AgriLife Research;
Darrin Culp (Darrin.Culp@oregonstate.edu) Oregon State University;
Dan Hane (dan.hane@oregonstate.edu) Oregon State University;
Dave Holm (sessah@lamar.colostate.edu) Colorado State University;
Doug Scheuring (d-scheuring@tamu.edu) Texas A&M University;
Fahrettin Goktepe (fgoktepe@lamar.colostate.edu) Colorado State University;
Isabel Vales (isabel.vales@oregonstate.edu) Oregon State University;
Jeanne Debons (jeannedebons@msn.com) Potato Variety Management Institute;
Jeff Brag (jbragg@potandon.com) Potandon Produce;
Jeff Koym (j-koym@tamu.edu) Texas A&M University;
Jeffery Stark (jstark@uidaho.edu) University of Idaho;
Mark Pavek (mjpavek@wsu.edu) Washington State University;
Mel Martin (Mel.Martin@simplot.com) Simplot;
Peggy Bain (mbain@uidaho.edu) University of Idaho;
Rich Novy (Rich.Novy@ars.usda.gov) USDA-ARS;
Rick Knowles (rknowles@wsu.edu) Washington State University;
Robert Thornton (Thornton@wsu.edu) Retired;
Steve James (ven.james@oregonstate.edu) Oregon State University;
Zach Holden (zholden@wsu.edu) Washington State University;

Brief Summary of Minutes

*Call to Order: Jeff Koym, Chair, called the meeting to order at 12:30 PM.

*Introductions: Introductions were dispensed with because all attendees were present at the earlier TriState Meeting.

*Approval of Agenda and Minutes: The agenda and last year's minutes were unanimously accepted and approved.

*Administrative Advisor's Report:

Chair Koym distributed a draft document to be used by Administrative Advisor Greg Bohach (unable to attend) in nominating WERA027 for the Multi State Research Award. Jeff Koym, Rich Novy and Creighton Miller were thanked for their time and effort in preparing the document for submission.

Chair Koym stated that Administrative Advisor Greg Bohach conveyed that time is approaching for the five year resubmission of the WERA027 Project. Russ Karow reminded the group that the WERA027 Project proposal should include a strong extension component. Volunteers for the committee include Mark Pavek, Rich Novy, Isabel Vales, Jeff Koym, Jeanne Debons and Chuck Brown (current chair of WERA027) will serve as chair of the committee. Russ Karow mentioned that it was important to include extension outcomes, impacts and results expected from the proposed work in the project proposal.

*State Reports: State reports from Washington, Idaho, and Oregon were covered in the morning TriState Meeting.

Creighton Miller updated the group on the status of his position in Texas and gave an overview of Zebra Chip and other activities (see Texas report under accomplishments). He noted that he will only be working half time in the future.

David Holm presented an overview of the Colorado work this year (see Colorado report under accomplishments).

Don Kirby said that Harry Carlson's position at Tule Lake, CA would be filled by Rob Wilson from Susanville. He noted that the industry in the Tule Lake area has moved from 100% fresh market to 50% chips in a very short time - these are produced for Frito-Lay. Water will be an issue, but he felt that at least the IMRAC had a contingency plan that would cover their needs. Budgets will also be an issue.

*Accomplishments by State were presented: (See accomplishments for more information)

*Status on Recent Projected Releases, Seed Increases, and PVP Updates: Status on recent releases and seed increases, as well as PVP updates, were reported in the earlier TriState Meeting or in the Colorado and Texas State reports.

*Update on Western Regional Potato Variety Database: Isabel Vales reported on the Western Region potato database. She said that some files were on the Oregon website and that they had settled on using Access as the platform, since it is widely distributed and with Version 7 the conversion of Excel files to Access is much easier than before. Creighton Miller asked about Steve James's position as it related to the website - James reported that the future of the website is unknown after his departure.

*Germplasm Exchange within the Western Region: David Holm discussed the need for a blanket Material Transfer Agreement (MTA) among Western Region cooperators, so that an individual MTA was not required for clones and seedlings each year. It was unanimously agreed that there is a need for such a document. Jeanne Debons said that she would contact all the entities and try to get a consensus draft from the universities and agencies. Rich Novy noted that it was important to work with Dave Nicholson, USDA on this agreement.

*Criteria for Grading Fingerlings: David Holm presented his proposal for grading fingerling types (see handouts SW6 and SW7). Industry representatives agreed that the ideal length is 2" to 4" followed by 4" to 6". There was unanimous endorsement of the standards as presented by Holm.

*Centralization of Future Meeting Sites: The group reiterated that the WERA027 meeting should be held in central locations, with specific site to be decided by the hosting state. Next year's meeting will be held in Salt Lake City and hosted by Idaho. January 26th, 2010 was the date agreed by the group.

*Western Regional 2008 Trial Results and Organization of the 2009 Trial:

Russet results led by Rich Novy. Post-harvest results presented by Rick Knowles. Chip Trial results presented by Peggy Bain. There was a discussion on the adoption of a uniform protocol for grading chips, with a breakout of 1 7/8" - 1 3/4" diameter and >4" as important grades. The Red/Specialty results were presented by Darren Culp - industry indicated that 1-3oz size is most important to them. It was also suggested that spacing should be added to the Colored & Specialty Trials.

The disposition of entries and next year's trials led to an acrimonious discussion of trial sizes and entries allowed by each program. Jeanne Debons made a motion to cap the number of entries in each trial. The discussion resulted in a limit of four entries per program in each trial, for a maximum of 22 entries (including checks) per trial. If a program, in a given year, does not use its allocation then another program would be able to use that slot. The motion was seconded and passed. Steve James reviewed and verified the seed shipping list with the group.

*Additional Business: Isabel Vales presented an abbreviated version of an overview of the SolCap Project.

*Election of Secretary: Zach Holden, as he was leaving the meeting, was nominated and unanimously elected as 2010 Secretary. Chuck Brown will move from Secretary to Chair.

*Adjourn: The meeting was adjourned at 4:30 PM.

Minutes Attachment:

Attachment

Accomplishments

*IDAHO 2008 STATE REPORT: J. Stark, R. Novy, J. Whitworth, M. Thornton, N. Olsen, P. Bain, T Brandt, and M. Chappell. -In 2008, we released three new varieties, including Classic Russet (A95109-1), Alpine Russet (A9305-10) and Clearwater Russet (AOA95154-1). Classic Russet is an early to medium maturing variety with early bulking potential and high yields of oblong-long, medium-russeted tubers having higher protein content than those of standard potato varieties. It produces a very high proportion of U.S. No. 1 tubers, which are very smooth and attractive. It also has moderate specific gravity and resistances to sugar ends, tuber malformations and most internal and external defects. Classic Russet has excellent culinary qualities that are comparable to Russet Burbank. It shows good potential for early processing and fresh markets, with the fresh industry viewing Classic Russet as a potential replacement for Russet Norkotah. Classic Russet has moderate resistance to common scab and dry rot. It is considered susceptible to PVYo, but it is symptomatic in its expression of infection. Classic Russet has a dormancy length of about 155 days at 42°F, 130 days at 45°F, and 100 days at 48°F. Alpine Russet is a high yielding, medium to late maturing cultivar with oblong tubers, light russet skin and excellent processing quality following long-term storage. It has moderately high specific gravity, good resistance to sugar ends, and produces significantly lighter colored fries than either Ranger Russet or Russet Burbank out of 45oF storage. Alpine Russet has exhibited lower susceptibility to growth cracks and secondary growth than Ranger Russet and Russet Burbank, particularly under high stress conditions. Its susceptibility to blackspot bruise is similar to Russet Burbank but less than Ranger Russet and it is very resistant to hollow heart. Alpine Russet is notable for tuber dormancy similar to that of Russet Burbank, making it an excellent candidate for long-term storage, with processing characteristics superior to that of Russet Burbank. It has a dormancy length of about 185 days at 42°F, 165 days at 45°F, and 140 days at 48°F. Alpine Russet is significantly more resistant to Verticillium wilt than Russet Burbank and has similar resistance to common scab. It has similar susceptibility to foliar and tuber early blight, foliar late blight, dry and soft rots. However, it is slightly less susceptible to tuber late blight infections and PLRV net necrosis. Clearwater Russet is a moderately high yielding, medium-late maturing variety, with oblong-long tubers and an attractive medium-russet skin. Tubers of Clearwater Russet exhibit excellent fry color out of storage which, coupled with their attractive appearance, make this variety suitable for both processing and fresh market usage. It has high specific gravity and is resistant to sugar ends as well as most internal and external tuber defects. Clearwater Russet is notable for having a protein content that is higher than those of most standard potato varieties. It is moderately resistant to Verticillium wilt, common scab and PVYo, and is resistant to tuber late blight infections, but is susceptible to Fusarium dry rot. The dormancy of Clearwater Russet is relatively short, however, about 60 days shorter than Russet Burbank. -Progress has continued in identifying corky ringspot resistant germplasm that also has desirable yield, quality and tuber appearance characteristics with further evaluations of breeding material in a corky ringspot infected field north of Rexburg, Idaho on the Egin bench. In addition, the breeding program is progressing in the development of germplasm with genetic resistance to PVY, PVX, and PLRV, late blight (foliar and tuber), pink rot, leak, nematodes, and wireworm. Research was continued this year to evaluate the resistance of the advanced Tri-State selections to powdery scab and black dot. Two new field trials also were established in 2008 at Aberdeen and Parma, Idaho to facilitate the identification of specialty varieties suitable for the western and eastern growing regions of Idaho. -Nine management studies were conducted in 2008 to help define management recommendations for new varieties, specifically with respect to nitrogen, and phosphorus fertilization, plant spacing, irrigation and water stress responses, and herbicide tolerances. Summaries of these research studies are available on the PVMI website www.pvmi.org and on the UI Potato Center Website www.ag.uidaho.edu/potato/. Cultural management bulletins were also published for Blazer Russet and Western Russet and a storage management bulletin was published for Western Russet. *OREGON 2008 STATE REPORT: M.I. Vales, S. Yilma, D. Hane, C. Shock, E. Feibert, S. James, B. Charlton and D. Culp. -The Oregon State University Potato Variety Development Program conducts a comprehensive breeding program including: identification and evaluation of parental clones, crossing, multi-year and multi-environment selections and testing (yield, quality, biotic and abiotic stresses), cultivar releases, Plant Variety Protection (PVP), and generation of Foundation Seed (pre-nuclear minitubers and in vitro plantlets). The project combines molecular and conventional breeding efforts to develop new potato varieties with high quality, yield, and resistance to major pests, diseases and environmental stresses. When possible, multi-trait recurrent selection procedures are used. The development of high yield and high quality potato varieties with resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses allows producing potatoes under more cost-effective, environmental friendly and healthier conditions by using fewer inputs of chemical fertilizers, fungicides, insecticides and water and at the same time increasing the nutritional value and quality of the crop. The diversity of Oregon' five testing sites enhances overall evaluations. -The russet clone AO96305-3 will advance to Western Regional trials. AO96365-2 will tentatively advance to Western Regional trials, pending 2008 Tri-State review. The russet entry AO02183-2 will enter into Tri-State trials in 2009. AO00057-2 will remain in Tri-State trials. Detailed Performance data for all 2008 Tri-State and Western Regional variety trials will be posted on http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/docs.htm?docid=3019. -In relation to color-flesh/specialty materials, the following selections will remain in the Western Regional trials: POR01PG45-5, PA96RR1-193, POR03PG23-1, OR00068-11, POR02PG37-2. A new clone will enter the Western Regional Specialty trials are: OR04036-5, POR03PG80-2. -AO96141-3 graduates this year from the Western Regional trials. This clone has potential for processing and fresh market use. The yellow fleshed clone, POR02PG26-5 graduates this year after being in the Western Regional trials for two years. -Variety release manuscripts were published in 2008 for Willamette (AO91812-1) and Premier Russet (A93157-6LS) in the 'American Journal of Potato Research'. -Specific accomplishments at each Oregon cooperating site: Central Oregon Agricultural Research Center (COARC), Powell Butte: Produced and stored seed of 651 selections at Powell Butte for Oregon, Tri-State, regional, chip, specialty, and other trials to be conducted in 2009; Packaged (5, 10, 25 and 50 lb sacks) and shipped 45,286 lb of seed to 23 research and 14 industry cooperators in 12 states; Produced about 4,000 seedling tubers from transplants in the greenhouse with resistance to nematodes, PVY, black dot, powdery scab and late blight; Pre-selected, planted, harvested, and evaluated 53,562 single-hill seedling tubers and selected 466 for further evaluation; Evaluated 94 advanced selections in replicated statewide yield trials, and 381 selections in two preliminary non-replicated screening trials; Summarized and published all variety trial information from 5 Oregon sites and 1 Washington site (pdf files of the reports available at website listed below); Maintained a web site featuring a potato variety database that generates dynamic reports (http://potatovariety.oregonstate.edu/). Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center (HAREC): Evaluated Tri-State and western regional cultivars for fresh market, processing and specialty use characteristics adaptable to the lower Columbia Basin; Evaluated yield and quality characteristic for preliminary and advanced Oregon selections for processing and specialty uses; Grew out 300+ Oregon selections and 14 USDA-ARS Aberdeen selections for visual re-selection, with 43 and 5 cultivars being selected, respectively; Evaluated 34 USDA-ARS cultivars and 62 regional and Tri-State entries for early die resistance, PVY resistance and PLRV resistance; Evaluated Tri-State cultivars for field resistance to tuber worm; Evaluated 7 preliminary cultivars from the USDA/ARS Aberdeen program; Klamath Basin Research and Extension Center (KBREC: Evaluated 35 advanced Tri-State and Western Regional cultivars for fresh market, processing, and specialty use characteristics adaptable to the Klamath Basin; Evaluated 128 preliminary and advanced Oregon cultivars for fresh market, processing, and specialty use characteristics adaptable to the Klamath Basin; Screened 37 4-hill selections from 2007 single-hill specialty clones grown in Klamath County; Evaluated 6 advanced Tri-State cultivars for response to various seed spacing densities; Pre-selected, planted, harvested, and evaluated 24,435 single-hill seedling tubers and selected 431 for further evaluation; Summarized and published all red-skinned and specialty-type variety trial information from all participating regional cooperators. Evaluated 13 Tri-State cultivars for resistance to CRS and root-knot nematode infection. Evaluation of chipping varieties and selections - See Klamath Basin Research and & Extension Potato Program progress report. Malheur Experiment Station (MES), Ontario: Evaluated Oregon and Western Region Russet cultivars, and specialty selections in the Oregon and Western Region programs. Determined tuber fry color, sugar ends, specific gravity, and other quality parameters for all of the Oregon Statewide and Western Region Russet cultivars. Selected potatoes for consumer tests. Evaluated the effects of irrigation systems on soil temperature, and their effects on tuber quality. Crop and Soil Science (CSS) Dept. Headquarters, Corvallis: Made more than 270 successful crosses between promising long russets, chippers, reds and specialties clones and parental clones with known resistance to tuber worm, PVY, PLRV, late blight, corky ring spot, and nematodes; Produced more than 50,000 seedling tubers from TPS in Corvallis greenhouses for Oregon single-hill screening for 2009 planting. In addition, 40,000 B and C size seedling tubers will be sent to Texas A&M University and the University of Minnesota for 2009 planting; Evaluated agronomic and quality traits of 89 potato advanced clones (including russets, chippers, reds and specialty types) in replicated State-wide, Tri-State and Western Regional trials in Corvallis; Evaluated foliar and tuber late blight resistance of 820 potato clones in artificially inoculated trials in Corvallis. Six hundred ninety-nine early generation selections were evaluated in 12- and 4-hills plots. Seventy-eight advanced breeding selections and named varieties and 43 varieties from the National Late Blight Evaluation Program were evaluated in replicated trials; Cleaned new potato clones, maintained 72 potato accessions in the disease-free clone bank and produced ~750 lbs of certified disease-free pre-nuclear minitubers; Performed molecular marker evaluations for PVY resistance on 71 single hills clones selected in 2008, on 80 parental lines used in our crossing block in 2008 and on 54 Tri-State varieties and advanced clones; A graduate student, Jose Ortega is working for his Master degree on PVY resistant derived from Premier Russet (A93157-6LS); DNA fingerprinting of 54 varieties & advanced clones from the North West breeding Program were conducted for variety identification & for PVP; Prepared PVP and release documents for new released varieties. -Personnel Changes: Dan Hane (Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, HAREC) retired in January of 2009 and will continue working part-time for at least one year.; Steve James (Central Oregon Agricultural Research Center, COARC) will retire in July 2009 and will also continue working part-time for a while. Dan' and Steve's positions are very important for the Oregon Potato Variety Development Program. There are good chances of refilling Steve's position, but Dan Hane's position is on hold until there is more information about State and Federal budgets and their effect.; Eda Karaagac (Postdoctoral Research Associate) at Crop and Soil Science (CSS) Dept. Headquarters in Corvallis started working in March 2008. Eda's main responsibilities include DNA fingerprinting and marker assisted selection (MAS). *2008 WA State Tri-State/Regional Report: 2008 RESEARCH TRIALS CONDUCTED WITHIN THIS PROJECT: Trial / Harvest Timing / Location / Type or Purpose Early Tri State / Early / Othello / Variety Late Tri State / Late / Othello / Variety Early Regional / Early / Othello / Variety Late Regional / Late / Othello / Variety Regional Red&Spec / Early / Othello / Variety Premier R. N Fert / Late / Othello / Identify profit maxing in-season N rates Alturas N Fert / Late / Othello / Identify profit maxing in-season N rates Ranger N Timing / Late / Othello / Identify profit maxing N in-season app. timing Premier N Timing / Late / Othello / Identify profit maxing N in-season app. timing Umatilla N Timing / Late / Othello / Identify profit maxing N in-season app. timing AO96141-1 N Timing / Early / Othello / Identify profit maxing N in-season app. timing Blazer R. N Timing / Early / Othello / Identify profit maxing N in-season app. timing Water Use Trial / Late / Othello / Identify water efficient varieties (7 var) 10-Hill Selection / Late / Othello / Selection of new varieties in Othello 2008 ACCOMPLISHMENTS: -The Washington State Variety Development Group successfully planted, grew, harvested, and analyzed fourteen research trials (five variety trials and nine cultural management trials). -The Tri-State program released three new potato cultivars Classic Russet (A95109-1), Alpine Russet (A9305-10), and Clearwater Russet (AOA95154-1). -We completed the second year or a three year study examining in-season nitrogen rates for two new cultivars. By applying five different rates of in-season nitrogen to Alturas and Premier Russet, we are narrowing down nitrogen rate recommendations for both varieties that will not only maximize in-field profits but post-harvest quality to optimize processing value. Along with Dr. N.R. Knowles and team, we are examining the effects of the nitrogen rates on whole plant morphology and physiology. We have learned that in-season N effects not only yield and economic value, but also tuber quality and processing quality. From this and the other N studies, we are learning ways to tweak yield, econ value, tuber quality, and processing quality -Along with Dr. N.R. Knowles and team, we have established a series of nitrogen application timing studies to determine the effects of in-season N timing on whole plant morphology and physiology and economic value from several late harvest varieties. Ranger Russet, Umatilla Russet, and Premier Russet were grown under the different N application regimes during 2008 but results did not indicate very many differences among the treatments. Results may have been non-typical as the year was cooler than normal. We plan to continue this study for two more years. -Similar to the study above (No. 4), two varieties (AO96141-3 and Blazer Russet) were grown under four different in-season application/rate schemes in an effort to establish recommendations for an early harvested crop. The results from 2008 were again inconclusive and we hope to continue this study for another two years to better understand the best ways to grow these and other cultivars for an early harvest. -We initiated a pilot study during 2008 to examine seven varieties for water use efficiency. Umatilla, RB, Premier, Alturas, Ranger, AO96141-3, and A95109-1 were irrigated under the same regime and soil samples were collected to determine if any of the varieties were using less or more water. The results were inconclusive suggesting that the varieties were quite similar or that the sampling and measuring methods were not precise enough. -We continue to work diligently with OSU, UI, PVMI and the three commissions to release quality varieties with the hopes that the PVMI organization will help return dollars to the research programs, with the ultimate goal of the whole operation being self-sufficient. *2008 TEXAS PROGRESS REPORT -70,811 first year seedlings, resulting from 638 different parental combination or families (crosses), were grown for selection on the Barrett Farm (33,921) near Springlake and on the CSS Farm (36,890) near Dalhart, 294 original selections were made -37 clones were intercrossed to produce 57 families with emphasis on color flesh -We received seedlings tubers from the USDA/ARS Idaho (8,061), Oregon (7,833), Colorado (20,106), and North Dakota (18,027) breeding programs. Colorado also provided 2,200 mini tubers from advanced Texas selections for seed increase -We grew 14,584 tuberlings in the greenhouse from true seed -Evaluation trials were conducted at Springlake (Spring - March 31 planting, July 22, 24, 30 and August 19 harvests), and Dalhart (Fall - May 13 planting, September 15 and 29 harvests) 634 advanced selections/new cultivars were tested in 35 separate trials -Western Regional Trials were conducted at both Springlake (Russet and Red/Specialty) and Dalhart (Chip) -The Texas Program had three entries in the Western Regional Russet Trial (AOTX95265-2ARu, AOTX95265-3Ru, and AOTX95265-4Ru), and two in the Western Regional Red/ Specialty Trial (ATTX961014-1R/Y and ATTX98500-2P/Y) -The Texas program entered 24 selections (ATTX98500-3PW/Y, ATTX00289-6Y/Y, TX1673-1Y/Y, TXYG055, TXYG057, TXYG079, TXYG098, TXYG105, TXYG107, AOTX96216-2Ru, AOTX96265-2Ru, AOTX98152-3Ru, ATX9202-3Ru, ATX97147-4Ru, ATX99013-1Ru, AOTX91861-4R, AOTX93483-1R, ATTX98453-6R, BTX2332-1R, COTX94216-1R, COTX94218-1R, NDTX4784-7R, NDTX4828-2R, and NDTX5003-2R) in the Southwestern Regional Trials -Field day was held on July 17 at Springlake and was well attended -Continued expanded emphasis on evaluating chip selections as well as colored flesh selections -Work continued on screening for and identifying important phytochemicals in potato and its wild relatives including evaluating these compounds for anti-cancerous properties in human prostate cancer cells and the publication of results of this work -PVP has been approved for TX1523-1Ru/Y (Sierra Goldä) and is pending for Stampede Russet and Rio Rojo, ATTX961014-1R/Y will be released in 2009 -Emphasis on virus testing, clean-up, and minituber multiplication of selected clones continued -A major program addressing Zebra Chip was continued with 385 samples representing more than 13,000 individual tubers evaluated for ZC expression *2008 California State Report Project Leaders: Harry L. Carlson, Center Director/Farm Advisor; Donald Kirby, Superintendent; Brooke Kliewer & Corey Thompson, Staff Research Associates. University of California Intermountain Research & Extension Center, 2816 Havlina Rd. Tulelake, Ca. 96134 Phone 530/667-2719 Fax 530/667-5265 Email:hlcarlson@ucdavis.edu -Potato Variety Development: In 2008 the Intermountain Research & Extension Center (IREC) conducted three potato variety trials on the station grounds. The Western Regional and Southwest Regional Trials were combined into each of the following trials, a Russet Trial with 24 varieties, a Red/Specialty Trial with 48 varieties, and a Chipper Trial with 20 varieties. The experimental varieties were obtained from University and USDA potato breeders in Colorado, Idaho, Michigan, Oregon, and Texas. Each trial was planted in a randomized complete block design with all entries replicated into four yield plots. The Red/Specialty and Chipper Trials were planted with 48 seed pieces in each plot and the Russet Trial was planted with 44 seed pieces in each plot. The seed pieces were planted with a custom built two row potato planter into plots with two 36' wide raised beds. A total of 368 plots were harvested at maturity for tuber yield and graded for size, internal, and external qualities. The planting dates, harvest dates, and seed spacing for each trial are listed below. Trial / Planting Date / Harvest Date / Seed Spacing (Inches) Russet Trial / 5-09-08 / 10-08-08 / 10.0" Specialty Trial / 5-09-08 / 10-06-08 / 9.0" Chip Trial / 5-13-08 / 10-07-08 / 9.0" Each of the trials were managed using common commercial practices for irrigations and fertilizer applications, adjusted as appropriate for the different market classes. The seasonal weather was generally favorable for potato growth. -Results Russet Trial: This year the experimental variety, AC99375-1RU, far out yielded all other varieties in total U.S. No. 1's with 523 cwt/A. This variety also performed well in tuber characteristics with a good appearance, no hollow heart, and was the highest in specific gravity. Another standout variety was ATX9202-3RU which had a U.S. No. 1's yield of 486 cwt/A. This variety has a darker russet skin, medium set eye, excellent appearance and showed no hollow heart here at IREC. A93157-6LS, also known as Premier Russet, excelled in our trial again as it has done for the last several years. This variety may become a standard variety grown in the Klamath Basin. 543 cwt/A was the overall yield for this variety and it did well in each of the tuber characteristic categories except for hollow heart. IREC has included this variety in it's trials for six years and this was the first year hollow heart has been an issue (40% in 8-12oz tubers). In a separate management trial, adjusting plant spaclowing, fertilizer rates and irrigation frequency had little impact on reducing hollow heart in the Premier Russet variety. There was one light russeted variety, A97066-42LB, which yielded very well with 474 cwt/A in total U.S. No. 1's. This variety had no hollow heart and did well in specific gravity but was average in appearance. Each of the above varieties yielded better than the standard varieties of Ranger Russet, Russet Burbank, and Russet Norkotah. See Tables 1 and 2. Red/Specialty Trial: The Red/Specialty Trial planted this year was our largest variety trial planted yet with an astounding 48 varieties. Only 13 experimental varieties from 2007 were repeated. There were 18 red skinned and white fleshed varieties, 2 with red skin and yellow flesh, 2 with red skin and red flesh, 11 with white skin and yellow flesh, 3 with purple skin and purple flesh, and 12 varieties with several different combinations of skin and flesh colors. See Table 3. Starting with the largest category of red skin and white flesh varieties, AOTX93483-1R led the pack with an impressive overall yield of 735 cwt/A and yielded 702 cwt/A of total U.S. No. 1's. This variety is a medium tone of red skin, medium eye depth, and has an average appearance. A large percentage of the yield came from the greater than 10 ounce size category. This variety may need to be planted on a tighter spacing and/or harvested earlier in the season to avoid excessive tuber size. Next in line were NDTX4784-7R and AOTX91861-4R with total overall yields of 593 cwt/A and 585 cwt/A respectively. Both varieties were similar in the tuber characteristics having a round shape, medium set eyes, and low specific gravity. Each of these three varieties yielded and evaluated better than the standard Dark Red Norland and Red LaSoda varieties. Of the other red skinned varieties, CO97222-1R/R, which is a red fleshed tuber, yielded 400 cwt/A in total U.S. No. 1's but had an unattractive tuber. A yellow fleshed variety, CO00379-2R/Y, had a yield of 380 cwt/A in total U.S. No. 1's and had an excellent appearance. Both of these varieties are round in shape with a medium eye depth. Next, ATC00293-1W/Y, in the white skin and yellow flesh category, had a total yield of 594 cwt/A with the greater percent of tubers being in the 6-10 ounce category. This variety is an attractive tuber, oblong in shape and has a slightly deep eye. Four other varieties yielded better than the standard Yukon Gold; TXYG107, TX1673-1W/Y, TXYG079, and TXYG057 with similar total U.S. No. 1's of 409, 408, 407, and 406 cwt/A respectively. The more attractive tuber of the four was TXYG079, with deep eyes and an oblong shape. Among the remaining Red/Specialty varieties of purple skin or unique color combinations of skin and flesh, ATTX98500-2P/Y was the high yielding variety for the third year with 514 cwt/A in total U.S. No. 1's. This is a dark purple skinned tuber with yellow flesh, medium eye depth, round shape and average appearance. AC99329-7PW/Y, a distinctive looking purple and white skinned variety with yellow flesh round shape and shallow eyes, yielded 437 cwt/A in total U.S. No. 1's. Purple Majesty and CO97227-2P/PW are both dark purple in skin color with similar tuber characteristics and comparable low yields with only 50 percent of the tubers being U.S. No. 1's. CO97227-2P/PW does have the purple and white flesh to distinguish itself, but it also yielded poorly in 2007. See Tables 4 & 5. Chip Trial: This year the standard varieties yielded better in comparison with the experimental varieties planted in the trial, unlike last year. Chipeta ranked first with 508 cwt/A in total U.S. No. 1's. 9781 came in second with 462 cwt/A in total U.S. No. 1's, with a majority of tubers in the greater than 10 ounce size category similar to Chipeta. Marci and Ivory Crisp were also towards the top with a larger percent of the tubers being in the 6-10 ounce category and having a yield of 448 cwt/A and 424 cwt/A in total U.S. No. 1's respectively. See Tables 6 & 7. The storage data for the Chip Trial has not been completed but 60 days after harvest (DAH) the following varieties have shown sprout: Atlantic, A93157-6LS, AC00170-2W, CO00197-3W, CO00270-7W, and MSK061-4. Each year tuber samples from every chip variety are sent to a local commercial packing shed to have the tubers fried as chips. Cook samples are taken at harvest and after 60 days storage at 500F. After the chips are cooked they are sent back to IREC and ranked for potato chip color using the Snack Food Association (SFA) Rating of 1-3 with 1 being the best. In this portion of the Chip Trial evaluation, five experimental varieties improved and rated better after 60 DAH while the standard varieties generally declined over time. The variety 3502 stood out in having a high specific gravity and a low percentage of defects. Marci and A9315-6LS had poor SFA ratings and a large percentage of defects. See Table 8. Storage: Two replications from each variety in all three trials are stored in a controlled environment for assessment of dormancy and storability. The Russet and Red/Specialty varieties will be stored for 180 days after harvest at 400F each. The Chip varieties will be stored for 120 days after harvest at 500F. Sprout inhibitor is not applied to the varieties during any time of the storage duration. The results of the storage evaluation will be reported separately upon completion of the storage period. * Colorado 2008 State Report: The major objectives of the Colorado Potato Breeding and Selection Program are: (1) to develop new potato cultivars (russets, reds, chippers, and specialties) with increased yield, improved quality, improved nutritional characteristics, resistance to diseases and pests, and tolerance to environmental stresses; (2) to collaborate with growers, shippers, processors, and research personnel to assess the production, adaptability, marketability, and other characteristics of advanced selections from the Colorado program; (3) to provide a basic seed source of selections to growers for seed increase and commercial testing; (4) to evaluate promising selections for potential seed export (interstate and international). The Colorado Potato Breeding and Selection Program emphasizes the development of russet, red, specialty, and chipping cultivars. The level of emphasize placed on each market class is dependent on the priorities of the Colorado potato industry and recognizes the diverse markets accessed by potato growers throughout Colorado. In addition to the major objectives outlined previously, specific breeding emphasis is being placed on identifying germplasm and developing cultivars that have: (1) early vine maturity and early tuber bulking; (2) immunity to PVY; resistant to (3) late blight (foliar and tuber); (4) storage rots [dry rot (Fusarium and early blight) and bacterial soft rot]; (5) pink rot; (6) nematodes; (7) powdery scab; and (8) that have improved nutritional quality, health attributes, and other 'consumer' characteristics such as improved red skin color retention and improved shelf life. Continued emphasis will be placed on breeding/selecting for 'low input' cultivars, primarily for reduced nitrogen and fungicide input, for improved postharvest and processing qualities such as lengthened dormancy and ability to process after cold storage. Breeding and Selection Program. The Colorado Potato Breeding and Selection Program intercrossed 105 parental clones in 2008 in two separate crossing blocks. The emphasis of the first crossing block was russet and specialty cultivar development, PVY immunity, and nematode resistance. The second emphasized russet and specialty, PVY immunity, late blight resistance, and nematode resistance. Seed from 390 combinations was obtained. Approximately 52,996 seedling tubers representing 246 families were produced from 2007 crosses for initial field selection in 2009. These seedlings represent crosses segregating primarily for russet, reds, specialty types, and disease resistance/immunity (late blight and PVY). Second through fourth size seedling tubers will be distributed to Idaho (USDA-ARS), Minnesota, North Dakota, Texas, Wisconsin, and Alberta, Canada (Agriculture Canada). Colorado grew 81,075 first-year seedlings in 2008, with 969 selected for subsequent planting, evaluation, and increase in future years. A portion of these seedlings were obtained from the USDA-ARS-Idaho, Agriculture Canada, North Dakota State University, Texas A&M University, and Oregon State University. Another 879 clones were in 12-hill, preliminary, and intermediate stages of selection. At harvest, 273 were saved for further observation. Forty-seven advanced selections were saved and will be increased in 2009 pending further evaluation. Another 289 selections and cultivars were maintained for germplasm development, breeding, and other experimental purposes including seed increase/maintenance. Field trials conducted in 2008 included: Preliminary Trial, Intermediate Yield Trial, Advanced Yield Trial, Southwestern Regional Trial, Western Regional Russet/Processing Trial, Western Regional Red Trial, Western Regional Specialty Trial, San Luis Valley Chipping Study, and Western Regional Chipping Trial. All trials are grown under 'low input' conditions, primarily for reduced nitrogen and fungicide. A total of 187 samples are in the process of being evaluated for two or more of the following postharvest characteristics: blackspot susceptibility, storage weight loss, dormancy, enzymatic browning, specific gravity, french fry color, french fry texture, and chip color. Advanced selections evaluated in the Southwest Regional Trials, Western Regional Trials, or by producers in 2008, included 11 russets (AC96052-1RU, AC99375-1RU, CO94035-15RU, CO95086-8RU, CO95172-3RU, CO97087-2RU, CO98067-7RU, CO98368-2RU, CO99053-3RU, CO99053-4RU, and CO99100-1RU), 5 reds (CO98012-5R, CO99076-6R, CO99256-2R, CO00277-2R, and CO00291-5R), 8 chippers (CO95051-7W, CO96141-4W, CO97043-14W, CO97065-7W, AC00170-2W, CO00188-4W, CO00197-3W, and CO00270-7W), and 19 specialties (AC97521-1R/Y, AC99329-7PW/Y, AC99330-1P/Y, ATC00293 -1W/Y, CO97215-2P/P, CO97222-1R/R, CO97226-2R/R, CO97227-2P/PW, CO97232-1R/Y, CO97232-2R/Y, CO97233-3R/Y, CO99045-1W/Y, CO99338-3RU/Y, CO00379-2R/Y, CO00405-1R, CO00412-5W/Y, CO00415-1R, VC1002-3W/Y, and VC1009-1W/Y). A decision to release selection CO94035-15RU was made. CO94035-15RU is a medium maturing, high yielding russet with a high percentage of US No.1 tubers. It is resistant to blackspot bruise, powdery scab root galling, and has shown the potential to fry after storage. PVP is pending for Colorado Rose, Rio Grande Russet, Mountain Rose, Purple Majesty, Canela Russet, and Rio Colorado. Table 1 compares the Colorado certified seed acreage (G1-G6 and Experimental) for recent releases undergoing grower evaluation/commercialization in 2003-2008. Table 1: (See Attachment under Summary of Minutes)

Publications

Weeda, S.M., Kumar, G.N.M. and N.R. Knowles. 2009. Developmentally linked changes in proteases and protease inhibitors suggest a role for potato multicystatin in regulating protein accumulation in potato tubers. Planta (in press) DOI 10.1007/s00425-009-0928-0 Nissen, M., Youn, B., Knowles, D.B., Ballinger, J.W., Lam, K.S., Kumar, G.N.M., Knowles, N.R. and ChulHee Kang. 2009. Characterization of potato multicystatin and its structural comparison with other cystatins. Plant Cell 21:861-875, online first http://www.plantcell.org/plantpreview.shtml . Stark, J.C., Novy, R.G., Whitworth, J.L., Love, S.L., Corsini, D.L., Pavek, J.J., Vales, I.M., James, S.R., Hane, D.C., Charlton, B.A., Brown, C.R., Knowles, N.R., Pavek, M.J., Brandt, T.L., Olsen, N. 2009. Highland Russet: A Full Season, Processing Variety with High Yields of Uniform U.S. No. 1 Tubers. Am. J. Pot. Res. (in press) online http://www.springerlink.com/content/lru3208p21604732/ . Knowles, N.R., Driskill, E.P. Jr., L.O. Knowles. 2009. Sweetening responses of potato tubers of different maturity to conventional and non-conventional storage temperature regimes. Postharvest Biol Tech. 52: 49-61 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.08.015. Knowles, N.R. and E.S. Plissey. 2008. Maintaining tuber health during harvest storage, and post-storage handling. In Potato Health Management, D. Johnson ed., 2nd edition, APS Press (invited chapter) ch 10 pp. 79-99. Mosley, A.R., Yilma, S., Hane, D.C., James, S.R., Rykbost, K.A., Shock, C.C., Love, S.L., Corsini, D.L., Pavek, J.J., Thornton, R.E., Charlton, B.A., Eldredge, E.P., Novy, R.G., Pavek, M.J., Knowles, N.R., Whitworth, J.L., Brown, C.R., Stark, J.C., Vales, M.I. 2008. Willamette: A chipping cultivar with high yield and specific gravity, low incidence of hollow heart and brown center, and suitability for fresh-market usage. Am. J. Pot. Res. 85(1): 85-92. Novy, R.G., J.L. Whitworth, J.C. Stark, S.L. Love, D.L. Corsini, J.J. Pavek, M.I. Vales, S.R. James, D.C. Hane, C.C. Shock, B.A. Charlton, C.R. Brown, N.R. Knowles, M.J. Pavek, T.L. Brandt, and N. Olsen. 2008. Premier Russet: A dual-purpose potato cultivar with significant resistance to low temperature sweetening during long-term storage. Am. J. Pot. Res. 85(3): 198-209. Pavek, M.J. and N.R. Knowles. 2008. WSU potato cultivar yield and postharvest quality evaluations for 2007. Washington State University Special Report. 136 pages. Knowles, N.R., M.J. Pavek, L.O. Knowles, and Z. Holden. 2008. Developmental profiles and postharvest behavior of long-season processing cultivars. In Proceedings of the 47th Annual Washington State Potato Conference, Feb. 5-7, Moses Lake, WA, pp. 45-65. Knowles, N.R., M.J. Pavek, Z. Holden, and L.O. Knowles. 2008. End-of-season changes in tuber size distribution and profit potential of cultivars for frozen processing. Potato Progress 8(15):1-2. Navarre, D., R. Shakya, J. Holden, M. Martin, and N.R. Knowles. 2008. Effect of different cooking methods on New Potato phytonutrients. Potato Progress 8(17):1-4. Knowles,N.R., M.J. Pavek, L.O. Knowles and Z. Holden. 2008. Three-year study looks at developmental profiles and postharvest behavior. 2008. Potato Country 24(4): 8-11. (edited by Brent Clement). Weeda, S.M., G.N.M. Kumar, N.R. Knowles. 2009. Changes in protease inhibitors during protein mobilization from seed-tubers. Am. J. Pot. Res. (in press). G.N.M. Kumar, S. Iyer, and N.R. Knowles. 2008. Tuber age affects the expression of genes associated with the wound response in potato. Am. J. Pot. Res. 85(1): 17-18. N.R. Knowles and L.O. Knowles. 2008. Alpha, beta unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes and ketones constitute a new class of potato sprout inhibitors. Am. J. Pot. Res. 85(1): 17. Beck D., M. Thornton, P. Nolte, N. Olsen, N.R. Knowles, L. Knowles. 2008. Effect of growing season length on response to seed aging. Am. J. Pot. Res. 85(1): 3. Weeda S., M. Kumar, N.R. Knowles. 2008. Developmentally linked changes in proteases and protease inhibitors may regulate protein accumulation in potato tubers. Am. J. Pot. Res. 85(1): 33. Frazier, M.J., N. Olsen, G.E. Kleinkopf, and N.R. Knowles. 2008. Potato sprout suppression potential using C9-ketone. Am. J. Pot. Res. 85(1): 9-10. Hale, A.L., L. Reddivari, N.M. Nzaramba, J.B. Bamberg, and J.C. Miller, Jr. 2008. Interspecific variability for antioxidant activity and phenolic content among Solanum species. Amer. J. Potato Res. 85:332-241. Miller, C., D. Scheuring, and J. Koym. 2008. Texas Potato Breeding Report, 2007. Tex. Agr. Exp. Sta., College Station and Lubbock. 180p. Miller, J.C., Jr., J.W. Koym, D.C. Scheuring, and J.P. Miller. 2008. Southwest Regional Potato Variety Trial Report 2007. Tex. Agr. Expt. Sta., College Station and Lubbock. 28p. Miller, C., J. Koym, and D. Scheuring. 2008. 2008 Field Day Handbook. July 17, 2008. Texas Potato Variety Development Program. Texas AgriLife Research, College Station and Lubbock. 33p. Reddivari, L., J. Vanamala, S.H. Safe, and J.C. Miller, Jr. 2008. Specialty potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) anthocyanin fraction induces apoptosis through caspase-dependent and independent pathways in prostate cancer cells. Amer. J. Potato Res. (Abstr.). 85:27-28. Reddivari, L., J. Vanamala, S.H. Safe, and J.C. Miller, Jr. 2008. Colored potato bioactive compounds suppress proliferation and alleviate apoptosis in both androgen-dependent and -independent in prostate cancer cell lines. FASEB J. 22: (Abstr). (Submitted). Lin, Y-H., K.L. Druffel, J. Whitworth, M.J. Pavek, and H.R. Pappu. 2009. Molecular characterization of two Potato Virus S isolates from late blight resistant genotypes of potato (Solanum tuberosum). Archives of Virology. (In-Press). Pavek, M.J. and R.E Thornton. 2009. Planting depth influences potato plant morphology and economic value. Am J Potato Res. 86(1):56-67.

Impact Statements

Virually all of the russet potatoes grown in Texas in 2008 were to the improved Texas Russet Norkotah strains. In 2006, Texas recorded the highest summer crop yields in the nation (400Cwt/A) among the 11 states producing a summer crop.
Since 1975, there have been 18 potato cultivars released by Colorado State University (CSU) or in cooperation with other agencies. Colorado State University releases accounted for 60% of the 57,000 acres planted to fall potatoes in Colorado in 2008. Colorado cultivars and clonal selections accounted for 55% of the 12,240 acres of Colorado certified seed accepted for certification in 2008. Advanced Colorado selections accounted for another 3% of the seed acreage. Six of the top 20 russet cultivars grown for seed in the U.S. [Rio Grande Russet (#5), Russet Norkotah-S3 (#6), Canela Russet (#8), Centennial Russet (#13), Russet Norkotah-S8 (#15), and Silverton Russet (#17)] were developed by the Colorado program. Also for reds, Sangre-S11 ranked #7. For colored-fleshed specialties, Mountain Rose and Purple Majesty ranked #1 among red and purple-fleshed cultivars.

Date of Annual Report: 03/15/2010

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 01/25/2010 - 01/25/2010
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2008 - 10/01/2009

Participants

Peggy Bain Univ. of Idaho mbain@uidaho.edu;
Jeff Bragg Potandon jbragg@potandon.com;
Tina Brandt Univ. of Idaho brandt@kimberly.uidaho.edu;
Chuck Brown USDA/ARS chuck.brown@ars.usda.gov;
Jeanne Debons PVMI jeannedebons@msn.com;
Samuel Essah Colorado St. sessah@lamar.colostate.edu;
Allan French Simplot-NAFG allan.french@simplot.com;
Bob Goeden Lamb Weston bob.goeden@conagrafoods.com;
Sanjay Gupta Univ. of Idaho sgupta@uidaho.edu;
Dave Hammond Conagra ;
Dan Hane OSU-Hermiston dan.hane@oregonstate.edu;
Chris Hiles WSU cdhiles@wsu.edu;
Zach Holden WSU zholden@wsu.edu;
David Holm Colorado St. spudmkr@lamar.colostate.edu;
Steve James OSU-COARC steven.james@oregonstate.edu;
Don Kirby UC-IREC dwkirby@ucdavis.edu;
Rick Knowles WSU rknowles@wsu.edu;
Patrick Kole Idaho Potato Comm. pkole@potato.idaho.gov;
Jeff Koym ATM j-koym@tamu.edu;
Mel Martin Simplot mel.martin@simplot.com;
Creighton Miller TAMU jcmillerjr@tamu.edu;
Roy Navarre ARS roy.navarre@ars.usda.gov;
Rich Novy ARS-Aberdeen Rich.Novy@ars.usda.gov;
Mark Pavek WSU mjpavek@wsu.edu;
Douglas Scheuring Texas A & M d-scheuring@tamu.edu;
Brian Schneider ARS-Aberdeen Brian.Schneider@ars.usad.gov;
Jeff Stark Univ. of Idaho jstark@uidaho.edu;
Allan Stewart McCain Produce AHSTEWAR@McCain.ca;
Don Thill Univ. of Idaho dthill@uidaho.edu;
Mike Thornton Univ. of Idaho miket@uidaho.edu;
Robert Thornton Ag Bus. Consulting thornton@wsu.edu;
Rob Thornton Thornton Consulting;
Isabel Vales OSU-Corvallis isabel.vales@oregonstate.edu;
Jonathan Whitworth ARS-Aberdeen Jonathan.Whitworth@ars.usda.gov;
Rob Wilson UC-IREC rgwilson@ucdavis.edu;
Solomon Yilma OSU-Corvallis solomon.yilma@oregonstate.edu;

Brief Summary of Minutes

2010 Western Regional Annual Meeting
Three Rivers Convention Center
Kennewick, Wa
Monday, January 25, 2010

Chair-Chuck Brown
Secretary-Zach Holden

Call to Order: Chuck Brown called the meeting to order at 1:14 pm

Introductions: Introductions were already made during the Tri-State Meeting.

Approval of the agenda: Motion to accept by Bob Thornton and seconded by Jeff Koym. The motion was unanimously accepted.

Approval of the minutes from 2009 meeting: Motion to accept by Jeff Stark and seconded by Dave Holm. The motion was unanimously accepted.

Administrative Advisors Report: Donn Thill talked about his role as the administrative advisor and discussed the current status of the report.

Renewal of Project: Chuck Brown said that this subject was already discussed in the previous meeting.

State Reports:
Oregon: Isabel Vales said that everything was covered in their Tri-State report. (See attached reports)

Washington: Mark Pavek and Rick Knowles said that everything was discussed during the Tri-State Report. (See attached report).

Idaho: Jeff Stark talked about some work that he and Mike Thornton have been working on with sustainability, especially with fumigants. Jeff Stark also talked about finding some information on carbon footprints. (See attached report).

California: The California representative said that they would like to continue doing work with the Western Regional group.

Colorado: Dave Holm said that Colorado has released a variety that was in our Regional trial named Mesa Russet, clone name CO94035-15Ru. He said that their budget cuts were not as bad as most other states. (See attached report).

Texas: Creighton Miller gave the Texas report. Texas is looking to find a variety that stores better than Snowden and looks better than Atlantic. Zebra Chip is a large concern in their state. More than 1.6 Million dollars have been invested through legislature to help solve this problem. They are also going to continue the research in collaboration with Roy Navarre on color cancer treatment from potato extracts (See attached report)

PVP updates: Jeanne Debons discussed PVP updates. Visit website at http://www.pvmi.org/ for more information.

PVMI Report: Jeanne Debons gave the PVMI report that was scheduled to be given during the Tri-State meeting. Royalty money has started returning to the Universities that have done research on them, this past year the board granted $100,000 to be distributed back to research Universities. There has been a restructuring of fees this past year. Visit PVMI.org for more information. Jeanne mentioned that they are going to start advertising on the PVMI website. Jeanne discussed the breakdown of the distribution of royalty money and how much each group (University, ARS, USDA, etc) gets.

Centralization of future sites: Jeff Stark mentioned that it had been decided last year that with Idaho hosting they would have the meetings in Boise the second Tuesday in February of 2011.

Early and Late Trials (Rich Novy): Rich Novy gave the Western Regional trial data. Peggy Bain asked if we should separate the data by the harvest dates. It was said that all the information that a person would need to see the difference between early and late harvest is represented by table 1. It was decided to leave the trials as they are. Rich Novy asked if people would like to have an additional column in each table that highlighted the top three and bottom three performing varieties in each category. Everyone agreed that it would be helpful. Rich and Brian Schneider will put that in their reports from now on.

Postharvest Results (Rick Knowles): Rick Knowles gave the postharvest report for the Regional trial. Knowles referred to the WSU 2009 Potato Cultivar Yield and Postharvest Evaluations. He noted that the clone A98345-1 did very well in the overall postharvest ratings, but that it had a significant problem with mottling after 44 days in storage. See above book, or go online potatoes.wsu.edu to download the pdf.

Chipping trials, Regional Chip and SFA: Brian Charlton gave the chipping trials, regional chip and SFA report.

Red/Specialty Trial (Brian Charlton): Brian Charlton included the Red/Specialty trial report along with the chipping trials.

Disposition of Entries: The following entries graduated from the Western Regional Trial: CO97087-2Ru. The following entries were advanced into the Western Regional Trial from the Tri-State: A01010-1, AO00057-2, and A00324-1. The returning and new entries now include: A98345-1, A0008-1TE, AC99375-1Ru, AO96305-3, CO98067-7Ru, CO99053-3Ru, CO99053-4Ru, CO99100-1Ru, PA00N14-2, PA99N2-1, PA99N82-4, A00324-1, A01010-1, AO00057-2, AOTX95265-1Ru, AOTX96216-2Ru, and AOTX96265-2Ru.

The following entries graduated from the Western Regional/Red Specialty trial: AC99329-7PW/Y, AC99330-1P/Y, POR01PG45-5, PA96RR1-193, POR03PG23-1, OR00068-11, A00286-3Y, CO99045-1W/Y, POR02PG37-2. The returning and new entries include: BTX2332-1R, CO99076-6R, CO99256-2R, COTX94216-1R, COTX94218-1R, A99326-1PY, A99331-2RY, POR03PG80-2, A00293-2Y, A99433-5Y, and ATC00293-1W/Y.

Seed Supplies and shipping lists (Steve James): Steve James asked each state how many lbs they would need for the Regional and Western Regional/Red Specialty trials.

Additional Business: No additional business was discussed.

2011 Meeting date and location:

Election of Secretary: Sanjay Gupta was unanimously elected the next secretary.

Adjourn

Accomplishments

Washington Accomplishments: " From the Red and Specialty Trial, clone POR02PG37-2 has shown extreme promise as a variety that could squeeze out Yukon Gold. The issue with Yukon Gold is that it tends to get too large and produces too few of tubers. POR02PG37-2 has bright pink eyes, deeper yellow flesh, smaller size distribution, more tubers per plant than Yukon and tastes great. Another variety to keep your eye on as a potential early market fresh pack potato is A0008-1TE. It has competed rather well with Russet Norkotah in the early harvest trials, and does rather well when produced for a later harvest. " We completed a three year study examining in-season nitrogen rates for two new cultivars. Despite the fact that some growers have been reducing N applications to Alturas and Premier Russet compared to typical Russet Burbank fertilization, we have found that growers in the Columbia Basin may actually be compromising their economic return by doing so. Rather than recommend the lbs/A N to apply, we recommend keeping petiole and soil N within ranges that brought the highest economic return in our study. " Along with Dr. N.R. Knowles and team, we completed the second year of a three year study examining nitrogen application timing to determine the effects of in-season N timing on whole plant morphology and physiology and economic value from several late harvest varieties. Ranger Russet, Umatilla Russet, and Premier Russet were grown under the different N application regimes during 2008 & 2009. Data from both years are inconclusive. Data from 2009 was likely compromised due to unexpected N release within the soil during June that provided all treatments ample N during the early portion of the season. Despite the inconclusive results we plan to continue this study one more year. " Similar to the study above (No. 5), two varieties (AO96141-3 and Blazer Russet) were grown under four different in-season application/rate schemes in an effort to establish recommendations for an early harvested crop. Similar to the study above, the results from 2008-09 were inconclusive; however, we hope to continue this study for another year to help us understand the best ways to grow these and other cultivars for an early harvest. " We initiated a new study during 2009 examining the influence of 4 in-season nitrogen rates (25- 125- 225- 325-lbs/A N) on eight varieties: Alpine Russet, Classic Russet, Clearwater Russet, Owyhee Russet, Ranger Russet, Russet Burbank, Umatilla Russet, and A0008-1TE. Petiole and soil data indicate treatment differences, as do the yield and economic return. However, this is the first year of three years, and we will not make any serious conclusions until the study is completed at the end of 2011. Oregon Accomplishments: " Produced and stored seed of 1167 selections at Powell Butte for Oregon, TriState, regional, chip, specialty, and other trials to be conducted in 2010. " Packaged (5, 10, 25 and 50 lb sacks) and shipped 30,999 lb of seed to 19 research and 9 industry cooperators in 11 states. " Pre-selected, planted, harvested, and evaluated 50,647 single-hill seedling tubers and selected 367 for further evaluation. " Evaluated 908 selections in two preliminary non-replicated screening trials. " Summarized and published all variety trial information from 4 Oregon sites and 1 Washington site (pdf files of the reports available at website listed below). " Maintained a web site featuring a potato variety database that generates dynamic reports (http://potatovariety.oregonstate.edu/). " Evaluated Tri-State and western regional cultivars for fresh market, and processing adaptability to the lower Columbia Basin. " Evaluated yield and quality characteristic of advanced Oregon selections for processing and fresh market use. " Evaluated 6 preliminary cultivars from the USDA/ARS Aberdeen program. " Grew out 750+ Oregon and USDA-ARS, Aberdeen selections for visual re-selection, with 81 and 6 cultivars being selected, respectively. " Evaluated 74 USDA-ARS, Regional and Tri-State entries for early die resistance, PVY resistance and PLRV resistance. " Evaluated 48 advanced Tri-state cultivars for fresh market, processing, and specialty use characteristics adaptable to the Klamath Basin. " Evaluated 111 preliminary and advanced Oregon cultivars for fresh market, processing, and specialty use characteristics adaptable to the Klamath Basin. " Screened 153 4-hill selections from 2008 single-hill clones grown in Klamath County. " Evaluated 16 advanced chip selections and recently released chip varieties from breeding programs in Colorado, North Central states, East Coast states, and the Tri-state to determine adaptability to the Klamath Basin with emphasis on meeting demands of export markets. " Pre-selected, planted, harvested, and evaluated 42,500 single-hill seedling tubers and selected approximately 1.0% for further evaluation. " Summarized and published all red-skinned and specialty-type variety trial information from all participating regional cooperators. " Evaluated Oregon and Western Region Russet cultivars, and specialty selections in the Oregon program. " Determined tuber fry color, sugar ends, specific gravity, and other quality parameters for all of the Oregon Statewide and Western Region Russet cultivars. " Determined specific gravity and other quality parameters for all of the Oregon Statewide Specialty selections. " Conducted taste test for Oregon Statewide Specialty selections. " Made more than 400 successful crosses between promising long russets, chippers, reds and specialties clones and parental clones with known resistance to tuber worm, PVY, PLRV, late blight, corky ring spot, and nematodes. " Produced more than 70,000 seedling tubers from TPS in Corvallis greenhouses for Oregon single-hill screening for 2010 planting. In addition, 40,000 B and C size seedling tubers will be sent to Texas A&M University and the University of Minnesota for 2010 planting. " Evaluated agronomic and quality traits of Western regional red & specialty and Statewide specialty trials in Corvallis. " Evaluated potato sensory quality of specialty clones in Statewide trials. " Evaluated foliar and tuber late blight resistance of 374 potato clones in artificially inoculated trials in Corvallis. Two hundred sixty eight early generation selections were evaluated in 12- and 4-hills plots. Fifty four advanced breeding selections and named varieties and 52 varieties from the National Late Blight Evaluation Program were evaluated in replicated trials. " Screened early generation Potato Tuber Worm resistant clones at Hermiston. " Cleaned new potato clones, maintained 85 potato accessions in the disease-free clone bank and produced ~1,030 lbs of certified disease-free pre-nuclear minitubers. " Performed molecular marker evaluations for PVY resistance on 115 single hills clones selected in 2009. Twenty four clones with the PVY resistant gene Ryadg and 16 clones with the PVY resistance gene Rysto were identified for further selection & testing. " A graduate student, Jose Ortega continued working on his Master degree project on PVY resistant derived from Premier Russet (A93157-6LS). " DNA fingerprinting of 54 varieties & advanced clones from the North West breeding Program was conducted for variety identification & for PVP. " Prepared PVP and release documents for new released varieties. Idaho Accomplishments: " Plant variety protection applications were filed for Classic Russet, Alpine Russet and Clearwater Russet in 2009. However, no new varieties were released by the Idaho program last year. A96814-65LB and A98345-1 were new entries in the Western Regional Potato Variety Trials, while A97066-42LB and A0008-1TE were evaluated for a second year. A00324-1, A00727-1 and A01010-1 were evaluated last year in the Tri-State Variety Trial. Of the three clones, A01010-1 appears to have the greatest potential as a dual purpose russet and also has high levels of vitamin C and protein. " Six clones were evaluated last year in the Tri-State Red/Specialty Trial, including A99331-2RY, A99433-5Y, A02267-1Y, A02267-5PY, A03576-5Y and NDA8512C-1R. In addition, A99326-1PY, A00286-3Y and A00293-2Y were evaluated in the Western Regional Red/Specialty Trial. " In 2009, 34 trials were conducted at 7 locations across southern Idaho, consisting of advanced and cooperative variety trials, grower variety trials, genetic studies, and management studies. Efforts to enhance potato vitamin C content continued, with breeding efforts progressing to increase levels of ascorbic acid. In addition, screening studies were again conducted in 2009 in an effort to develop russets with good yield and quality characteristics and resistance to corky ringspot. The study is progressing well with a number of commercially acceptable russets being identified with good corky ringspot resistance. Texas Accomplishments: " 56,501 first year seedlings, resulting from 386 different parental combination or families (crosses), were grown for selection on the Barrett Farm (28,271) near Springlake and on the CSS Farm (28,230) near Dalhart " 279 original selections were made " 31 clones were intercrossed to produce 45 families " We received seedlings tubers from the Idaho (7,589), Oregon (10,615), Colorado (19,928), and North Dakota (10,615) breeding programs. Dave Holm, (Colorado) also provided mini tubers (1,000) from advanced Texas selections for seed increase. " We grew 21,246 tuberlings in the greenhouse from true seed " Evaluation trials were conducted at Springlake (Spring April 7 planting, August 3 and 17 harvests), and Dalhart (Fall April 29 planting, September 13, 28 and October 12 harvests) 654 advanced selections/new cultivars were tested in 44 separate trials " Western Regional Trials were conducted at both Springlake (Russet and Red/Specialty) and Dalhart (Chip) " The Texas Program had five in the Western Regional Red/ Specialty Trial (ATTX98453-6R, BTX2332-1R, COTX94216-1R, COTX94218-1R, and NDTX4784-7R)) " The Texas program had 21 selections (ATTX98493-1R/Y, ATTX98518-5PU/Y, ATX9132-2Y, BTX2103-1R/Y, PORTX03PG25-2R/R, Sierra Gold-2, Sierra Gold-3, TXYG055, TXYG057, TXYG079, TXYG098, TXYG105, TXYG107, AOTX95265-1RU, AOTX96265-2RU, ATX9332-12RU, ATX97232-1RU, ATTX98453-11BR, ATTX01178-1R, COTX00104-7R, and NDTX5003-2R) in the Southwestern Regional Trials " Field day was held on July 22 at Springlake and was well attended " Continued expanded emphasis on evaluating chip selections as well as colored flesh selections " Work continued on screening for and identifying important phytochemicals in potato and its wild relatives including evaluating these compounds for anti-cancerous properties in human prostate cancer cells and publication of results of this work " Virtually all of the russet potatoes grown in Texas in 2009 were the improved Texas Russet Norkotah strains. Over the past several years, Texas recorded the highest Summer crop yields in the nation (440-465 Cwt/A) among the 11 states producing a summer crop " PVP is pending for Stampede Russet and Rio Rojo " The major new program addressing Zebra Chip was continued. Emphasis on virus testing and clean-up continued Colorado Accomplishments: " The Colorado Potato Breeding and Selection Program intercrossed 109 parental clones in 2009 in two separate crossing blocks. The emphasis of the first crossing block was russet and specialty cultivar development. The second crossing block emphasized russet and specialty cultivar development and corky ringspot resistance. Seed from 399 combinations was obtained. " Approximately 55,960 seedling tubers representing 253 families were produced from 2007 and 2008 crosses for initial field selection in 2010. These seedlings represent crosses segregating primarily for russet, reds, specialty types, and resistance to late blight, PVY, and corky ringspot, and nematodes. Second through fourth size seedling tubers will be distributed to Idaho (USDA-ARS), Minnesota, North Dakota, Oregon, Texas, Wisconsin, and Alberta, Canada (Agriculture Canada). " Colorado grew 81,644 first-year seedlings representing 481 families in 2009, with 810 selected for subsequent planting, evaluation, and increase in future years. A portion of these seedlings were obtained from the USDA-ARS-Idaho, Agriculture Canada, Texas A&M University, and Oregon State University. Another 1,232 clones were in 12-hill, preliminary, and intermediate stages of selection. At harvest, 372 were saved for further increase and evaluation. Forty-eight advanced selections were saved and will be increased in 2010 pending further evaluation. Another 267 selections and cultivars were maintained for germplasm development, breeding, and other experimental purposes including seed increase/maintenance. " Field trials conducted in 2009 included: Preliminary Trial, Intermediate Yield Trial, Intermediate Specialty Yield Trial, Advanced Yield Trial, Southwestern Regional Russet Trial, Southwestern Regional Red Trial, Southwestern Specialty Trial, Western Regional Russet/Processing Trial, Western Regional Red Trial, Western Regional Specialty Trial, San Luis Valley Chipping Trial, and Western Regional Chipping Trial. All trials are grown under low input conditions, primarily for reduced nitrogen and fungicide. " A total of 212 samples are in the process of being evaluated for two or more of the following postharvest characteristics: blackspot susceptibility, storage weight loss, dormancy, enzymatic browning, specific gravity, french fry color, french fry texture, and chip color. " Advanced selections evaluated in the Southwest Regional Trials, Western Regional Trials, or by producers in 2009, included 10 russets (AC96052-1RU, AC99375-1RU, CO94035-15RU, CO95172-3RU, CO97087-2RU, CO98067-7RU, CO98368-2RU, CO99053-3RU, CO99053-4RU, and CO99100-1RU), five reds (CO98012-5R, CO99076-6R, CO99256-2R, CO00277-2R, and CO00291-5R), seven chippers (CO95051-7W, CO96141-4W, CO97043-14W, CO97065-7W, CO00188-4W, CO00197-3W, and CO00270-7W), and 17 specialties (AC97521-1R/Y, AC99329-7PW/Y, AC99330-1P/Y, ATC00293 -1W/Y, CO97222-1R/R, CO97226-2R/R, CO97227-2P/PW, CO97232-1R/Y, CO97232-2R/Y, CO97233-3R/Y, CO99045-1W/Y, CO00379-2R/Y, CO00405-1RF, CO00412-5W/Y, CO00415-1RF, CO01399-10P/Y, and VC1009-1W/Y). Mesa Russet (CO94035-15RU) was named in 2009. Mesa Russet is a high yielding, dual-purpose russet. It has a medium maturity and a high percentage of US #1 tubers. It is resistant to second growth, blackspot bruise, shatter bruise, powdery scab (tuber and root galling) and verticillium wilt. Mesa Russet has also shown potential to fry after storage. " Since 1975, there have been 27 potato cultivars/clonal selections have been released by Colorado State University or in cooperation with other agencies (Table 1). Colorado State University releases accounted for 61% of the 56,000 acres planted to fall potatoes in Colorado in 2009. Colorado cultivars and clonal selections accounted for 45% of the 11,470 acres of Colorado certified seed accepted for certification in 2009. Advanced Colorado selections accounted for another 2% of the seed acreage. Four of the top 20 russet cultivars grown for seed in the U.S. [Canela Russet (#7), Rio Grande Russet (#8), and Russet Norkotah-S3 (#9), Russet Norkotah-S8 (#15)] were developed by the Colorado program. For the red category, Sangre-S11 ranked #7. For colored-fleshed specialties, Mountain Rose and Purple Majesty ranked #1 among red and purple-fleshed cultivars.

Publications

An extension bulletin on storage management for Classic Russet was published last year, www.kimberly.uidaho.edu/potatoes/CIS1167.pdf). Management guides for Classic Russet and Premier Russet are also being developed.

Impact Statements

The fresh market industry, french fry processors and chippers have incorporated many varieties developed through the program into their businesses. Ranger Russet, Premier Russet, Western Russet, Umatilla Russet, and Alturas are examples of russet cultivars released from the Tri-State program that have greatly benefited the Northwest potato industry, being the 2nd, 4th, 5th, 6th and 8th most widely grown cultivars in Idaho in 2009, respectively (NASS, Crop Production, November, 2009), and accounting for 23 percent of the planted acreage in Idaho in 2009. Ranger, Umatilla, Alturas, and Premier Russet were the 3rd, 8th, 5th, and 4th, respectively, and accounted for 35 percent of total acreage. Ranger Russet, Umatilla Russet, Alturas, Premier Russet, and Western Russet were also the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th and 11th most widely grown potato varieties in the United States in 2008, with the Tri-State varieties representing about 20 percent of the fall crop nationally.
Alturas, which was released by the program in 2002, produces yields similar to or greater than the most commonly grown cultivar Russet Burbank while using 50 percent less nitrogen. Production of Alturas in ID, OR, and WA was over 18,000 acres in 2009, potentially reducing the amount of nitrogen applied to the soil by 2.7 million lbs compared with the same acreage planted to the old standard Russet Burbank. The reduced use of nitrogen should significantly reduce the potential for nitrate-contaminated ground water. In 2009 the potential economic savings to NW growers was over $1.1 million or $60/acre. In addition, nearly all potato varieties released by the program over the past 8 years require 10-50 percent less nitrogen fertilizer to produce yields similar to Russet Burbank, resulting in even greater benefits to the industry and environment. Water requirements for GemStar Russet and Premier Russet are 10-25 percent lower than those for Russet Burbank and Russet Norkotah.
Varieties recently released by the program are now produced on over 140,000 acres in the Pacific Northwest with value to growers estimated at approximately $505 million. This impact is expected to increase. For example, Russet Burbank accounted for 56 percent (180,000 A) and 30.8 percent(45,000 A) of the 2009 Idaho and WA potato crops, respectively. Premier Russet, a 2006 release with low temperature sweetening resistance and excellent out-of-storage processing quality, will undoubtedly replace a significant proportion of acreage presently devoted to Russet Burbank. Replacement of only half the current Russet Burbank acreage with Premier Russet equals approximately $380 million based on average processing contracts for Russet Burbank. However, this value is likely underestimated because of the higher quality and proportion of US No. 1s produced by Premier Russet.