NC1003: Impact Analysis and Decision Strategies for Agricultural Research

(Multistate Research Project)

Status: Inactive/Terminating

Project Menu

SAES-422 Reports

Annual/Termination Reports:

[05/15/2002] [03/20/2003] [05/13/2004] [05/03/2005] [05/31/2006]

Date of Annual Report: 05/15/2002

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 03/30/2001 - 03/31/2001
Period the Report Covers: 01/01/2001 - 12/01/2001

Participants

Julian Alston, California AES, Davis; Jim Oehmke, Michigan AES; A.A. Araji, Idaho AES; Philip Pardey, Minnesota IFPRI; Fred Buttel, Wisconsin AES; Richard Perrin, Nebraska AES; Chris Fawson, Utah AES; Carl Pray, Rutgers/New Jersey AES; Wojcieck Florkowski, Georgia AES; David Schimmelpfennig, ERS/USDA; George Frisvold, Arizona AES; Vince Smith, Montana AES; Wallace Huffman, Iowa AES; Greg Traxler, Auburn/Alabama AES; Richard Kazmierczak, Louisiana AES; Aurian Unnevehr, Illinois AES; Richard Just, Maryland AES; Corinne Valdivia, Missouri AES; Bruce McCarl, Texas AES; Fred White, Georgia AES; Charles Moss, Florida AES; Brian Wright, California AES, Berkeley; George Norton, Virginia AES; David Zilberman, California AES, Berkeley; John Miranowski, Iowa AES; Lauren Tauer, New York-Cornell SAES; Richard Just, Maryland AES; William Masters, Indiana AES; Richard Carew, Ag Canada; Eldon Ball, ERS/USDA; Jeremy Fultz, Connecticut-Storrs SAES

Brief Summary of Minutes

The 2001 NC-208 meeting was held at Alumni House, University of California, Berkeley, CA in conjunction with a 1< day sponsored, R&D Policies and Impact Assessment. Thirteen papers were presented and discussed. At the NC-208 business meeting, an extensive discussion of the multistate project review process and renewal effort were discussed. The initial report from the North Central Directors‘ Committee was the project lacked sufficient multidisciplinary composition and multistate integration. After discussing alternative responses to the review, it was decided to prepare a revision and addressed the Directors‘ concerns. Cole Gustafson, the advisor, indicated that he would provide feedback on the new revision.

Plans for the 2001 meeting were formalized. John Miranowski (Iowa), Chair, Richard Just (Maryland), Fred Buttel (Wisconsin), and Robin Shoemaker (USDA-ERS) were appointed to the 2001 Program Committee. The tentative topic of a two-day symposium was chosen: "Effective Funding and Managing Agricultural Research in the 21st Century," and the program is to contain two parts: Interactions with science policymakers and a report of research findings.

The nominating committee nominated Wallace Huffman (Iowa) for Chair and George Frisvold (Arizona) for Secretary for the upcoming year. The nominations were moved and both were elected unanimously.

Accomplishments

NC-208 has four major research objectives: Objective 1. To estimate the expected and actual flow of benefits and costs of research for agriculture and related areas, including the incidence of their distribution. Objective 2. To determine and quantify the relationships between research and other public sector policies and programs for agriculture. Objective 3. To analyze decision strategies for agricultural research funding by different public institutions and private organizations. Objective 4. To continue the development of procedures for facilitating the priority setting process for agricultural research and to implement them in individual states and nationally as requested. The progress and accomplishments under the four project objectives for the past year and for the whole five years of the project were excellent. Over the latest five years of the project, a total of 14 books, over 150 journal articles, and many other book chapters and miscellaneous publications on agricultural research impact analysis and science policy have been published by participants in NC-208, and they have been distributed widely. Appendix A provides a summary of the progress and principal accomplishments under each of the four objectives for the past year. The output of publications was large in 2001, which was the fifth year of the project, and the publications are reported in the publication list at the end of this report. The project is meeting its projected delivery of products.

Publications

Adams, R.M., C.C. Chen, B.A. McCarl and D.E. Schimmelpfennig. "Climate Variability and Climate Change: Implications for Agriculture," in Advances in the Economics of Environmental Resources 3, 115-148, D. Hall and R. Howarth, eds. JAI Press, 2001. Adams, R.M., L. L. Houston, B.A. McCarl, M. Tiscareno, J. Matus, and R. Weiher. "The Benefits and Costs of an El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Early Warning System in Mexican Agriculture." Prepared for U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the InterAmerican Development Bank, 2001. Alfranca, O. and W.E. Huffman. "Private R&D Investments in Agriculture: The Role of Incentives and Institutions." Agricultural Economics 25:191-198, 2001. Alston, J.M. and P.G. Pardey. "Attribution and Related Problems in Assessing the Returns to Agricultural R&D." Agricultural Economics 25:141-152, 2001. Alston, J.M., P.G. Pardey, and M.J. Taylor, eds. Agricultural Science Policy: Changing Global Agendas. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001 (including J.M. Alston, P.G. Pardey, and M.J. Taylor, "Changing Contexts for Agricultural R&D." Chapter 1). Araji, A.A. and S. Hafez. "Ex-ante Evaluation of Investments in Biocontrol of Nematodes on Potato, Sugarbeets, and Alfalfa." 2001. Nemotropica, 31(2):181-193. Araji, A.A., Z.O. Abdo, and P. Joyce. "Efficient Use of Animal Manure on Cropland: Economic Analysis." 2001. Bioresource Technology, 79:179-191. Araji, A.A. and Z.O. Abdo. "Optimal Utilization of Animal Manure on Cropland." Idaho Cooperative Extension System Bulletin No. 829, 2001. Araji, A.A. and S.L. Love. "The Benefits of Public Investments in Northwest Potato Breeding Research." Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin No. 822, 2001. Araji, A.A. "Function, Resource Allocation, and the Productivity of the State Agricultural Experiment Station. Agriculture Economics Research Series No. 01-03, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Idaho, 2001. Binenbaum, E., P.G. Pardey, and B.D. Wright. "Public-Private Research Relationships: The Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 83(3):748-753, 2001. Bondelid, T., S. Pattanayak, B.C. Murray, D. Lawrence, J.-C. Yang, B.A. McCarl, and D. Gillig. "Water Quality Co-Benefits of Greenhouse Gas Reduction Incentives in Agriculture and Forestry." Prepared for Assessment and Watershed Protection Division Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2001. Buttel, F. H. "Land-Grant/Industry Relationships and the Institutional Relations of Technological Innovation and Change in Agriculture." In S.A. Wolf and D. Zilberman, eds., Knowledge Generation and Technological Change: Institutional Innovation in Agriculture. Boston: Kluwer Publishers, 151-177, 2001. Buttel, F. H., and R.M. Goodman. "Introduction to the Scientific, Ethical, and Political Dialog on GMOs." Transactions (Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters)89:1-13, 2001. Buttel, F. H., and R.M. Goodman, Eds. "Of Frankenfoods and Golden Rice: Risks, Rewards, and Realities of Genetically Modified Foods." Madison: Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters. 2001. Chen, C.C. and B.A. McCarl and R.M. Adams. "Economic Implications of Potential Climate Change Induced ENSO Frequency and Strength Shifts." Climatic Change, 49, 147-159, 2001. Chen, C.C. and D. Gillig, and B.A. McCarl. "Effects of Climatic Change on a Water Dependent Regional Economy: A Study of the Texas Edwards Aquifer." Climatic Change, 49, 397-409, 2001. Cuyno, L.C.M., G.W. Norton, and A. Rola. "Economic Analysis of the Environmental Benefits of Integrated Pest Management: A Philippine Case Study." Agricultural Economics, Vol. 25, No. 2-3 (September 2001):227-234. Day-Rubenstein, K. and G. Frisvold. "Genetic Prospecting and Biodiversity Development Agreements." Land Use Policy 18(2001), 205-219. Debass, T., "Economic Impact Assessment of IPM CRSP Activities in Bangladesh and Uganda: A GIS Application, MS Thesis." June 2001. Duarte, Jason. "Effects of biotechnology and intellectual property rights law in the seed industry." Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, 2001 Chen, C.C. and B.A. McCarl. "Pesticide Usage as Influenced by Climate: A Statistical Investigation." Climatic Change 50, 475-487, 2001. Frisvold, G., K. Fernicola, and M. Langworthy. "Market Returns, Infrastructure and the Supply and Demand for Extension Services." American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 83(2001), 758-763. Frisvold, G. and R. Tronstad. "Overseas Adoption of Bt Cotton: Implications for U.S. Producers." Proceedings of the Beltwide Cotton Conferences 1 (2001), 428-431. Memphis, TN: National Cotton Council. Fullerton, T.M. and W.E. Huffman. "Funciones de la oferta de verduras frescas en estados unidos." 2001. Comercio Exterior 51:294-302. Gillig, D., B.A. McCarl and F.O. Boadu. "An Economic, Hydrologic and Environmental Assessment of Water Management Alternative Plans for the South Central Texas Region." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 33(1):59-78, 2001. Goldberger, J.R. and F.H. Buttel. "Sustainable Agriculture Research and the Land-Grant System: A Replication." Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 18:91-104, 2001. Goldberger, J. R. "Research Orientations and Sources of Influence. Agricultural Scientists in the U.S. Land-Grant System." Rural Sociology 66:66-92, 2001. Heiman, A., B. McWilliams, Z. Shen, and D. Zilberman. "Learning and Forgetting: Modeling Optimal Product Sampling Over Time." Management Science. Vol. 47, No. 4 (April 2001), 532-546. Huang, J., S. Roselle, C.E. Pray, and Q. Wang. "Plant Biotechnology in China." Science Vol. 295(25 January 2002) 674-677. Huffman, W.E. and R.E. Evenson. "Structural Adjustment and Productivity Change in U.S. Agriculture, 1950-82." Agricultural Economics 24:127-147, 2001. Huffman, W.E. "Human Capital: Education and Agriculture." In B.L. Gardner and G.C. Rausser, eds., Handbook of Agricultural Economics Vol. 1A, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Elsevier Science 334-381, 2001. Huffman, W.E. "Finance, Organization and Impacts of U.S. Agricultural Research: Future Prospects." In S. Wolf and D. Zilberman, eds. Knowledge Generation and Technology Change: Institutional Innovations in Agriculture. Boston, MA. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 79-110, 2001. Huffman, W.E., J.F. Shogren, M. Rousu, and A. Tegene. "The Value to Consumers of Genetically Modified Food Labels in a Market With Diverse Information: Evidence From Experimental Auctions." Iowa State University, Department Staff Paper No. 345, Dec. 2001. Huffman, W.E. and M.A. Johnson. "Research, Extension, and Education Policy," in J. Outlaw and E. Smith, eds., The 2002 Farm Bill: Policy Options and Consequences. Oakbrook, IL. The Farm Foundation, 209-214. Irland, L.C., D.M. Adams, R.J. Alig, C.J. Betz, C.C. Chen, M. Hutchins, B.A. McCarl, K. Skog, and B.L. Sohngen. "Assessing Socioeconomic Impacts of Climate Change on U.S. Forests, Wood-Product Markets and Forest Recreation." BioScience, September 2001. Kazianga, H. and W.A. Masters. "Investing in Soils: Field Bunds and Microcatchments in Burkina Faso." Environment and Development Economics, 7(3). Lambert, D.K. and W.W. Wilson. "Comparing End-Use Values For North Dakota Hard Red Spring Wheat Varieties." AAEA Staff Report No. 01005. Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND. October 2001 (available on AgEcon Search). Liu, B., S. Kshirsagar, T. Johnson, C. Thatcher, and G. Norton, "Evaluating the Short-and Long-run Impacts of the Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Vol. 33, No. 1 (April 2001):49-58. Marland, G., B.A. McCarl and U.A. Schneider. "Soil Carbon: Policy and Economics," Climatic Change 51(1), 101-117, 2001. Masters, W.A. and M.S. McMillan. "Climate and Scale in Economic Growth." Journal of Economic Growth. 6(3, September 2001):167-186. McCunn, A. "An Econometric Analysis of Interregional and Intersectoral R&D Spillovers as Sources of Economic Growth." Ph.D. Dissertation, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2001. Norton, G.W., and D.E. Schimmelpfennig. "Using Bayesian Approaches to Value Policy Research." Paper presented at the Government of the Netherlands-IFPRI Workshop on Assessing the Impacts of Policy-Oriented Social Science Research. The Hague, The Netherlands, November 12, 2001. 20 pp. Perrin, Richard and Phil Anthony. "The Potential for Hard White Winter Wheat in Nebraska." Cornhusker Economics, Department of Agricultural Economics, UNL, Jan. 17, 2001. Perrin, Richard K. and Lilyan E. Fulginiti. "Technological Change and Welfare in an Open Economy with Distortions" American Journal of Agricultural Economics 83(May 2001):455-464. Perrin, Richard, and Lilyan Fulginiti, "Dynamic Pricing of Genetically Modified Crop Traits", presented at the 5th International Conference on Biotechnology, Science and Modern Agriculture, Ravello, Italy, June 2001. Perrin, Richard, and Terry Klopfenstein. "Economic Returns of Wet Byproducts as Cattle Feed." 2001 Beef Cattle Report, Department of Animal Science, MP 76-A, UNL, 2001. Pray, C.E. "Public/Private Sector Linkages in Research and Development: Biotechnology and the Seed Industry in Brazil, China, and India." American Journal of Agricultural Economics. 83(3) August 2001. 742-747. Pray, C.E. and K.O. Fuglie. "Private Investments in Agricultural Research and International Technology Transfer in Asia." ERS Agricultural Economics Report No. 805. 162 p, November 2001. http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/aer805/. Ramaswami, B. and C.E. Pray. "Private Plant Breeding and Crop Yields in the Semi-Arid Tropics of India," forthcoming in the Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics. 2002. Ramaswami, B., C.E. Pray, and T. Kelley. "The Impact of Economic Reforms on R&D by the Indian Seed Industry." Food Policy 26(6) 2001. 587-598. Reilly, J., F. Tubiello, B.A. McCarl and J. Melillo. "Climate Change and Agriculture in the United States," in Climate Change Impacts on the United States: US National Assessment of the Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change: Foundation. Chapter 13. Cambridge University Press. Also at http://www.gcrio.org/nationalassessment/, 379-403, 2001. Rezek, J., and Perrin, R. 2001. AAdjustments of Agricultural Productivity for Nitrogen Effluent in the Great Plains.@ Manuscript under review at the J. Env. Econ. and Mgt. Robertson, R., L. Unnevehr, and D. Dawe. "Golden Rice: What Role Could It Play in Alleviation of Vitamin A Deficiency?" Paper presented at the ICABR Conference on Biotechnology, Science and Modern Agriculture: A New Industry at the Dawn of the Century. Ravello, Italy, June 15-18, 2001. Rousu, M. and W.E. Huffman. "GM Food Labeling Policies of the U.S. and Its Trading Partners." Iowa State University, Department of Economics Staff paper No. 334, September 2001. Sunding, D. and D. Zilberman. "The Agricultural Innovation Process: Research and Technology Adoption in a Changing Agricultural Industry." Handbook of Agricultural and Resource Economics, eds. B. Gardner and G.C. Rausser. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 2001. 207-261. US Global Change Research Program Team including B.A. McCarl. Climate Change Impacts on the United States: The Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change: Foundation. Cambridge University Press, 2001. US Global Climate Change Research Program, National Assessment Synthesis Team including B.A. McCarl, Climate Change Impacts on the United States: Overview. Cambridge University Press, 2001. Wolf, S., D. Just, and D. Zilberman. "Between Data and Decisions: The Organization of Agricultural Economic Information Systems," Research Policy, Vol. 30 (January 2001)121-141.

Impact Statements

Important project impacts occurred during 2001. Specifically, the project has provided an opportunity for expertise on agricultural science policy to be accumulated if NC-208 participates, to provide opportunities for members to form new research groups for collaborative efforts, and for participating project members to successfully pursue external funding for research covered by this project. Other specific impacts for 2001 include: (i) Publications on the impacts of transgenic crop varieties

Date of Annual Report: 03/20/2003

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 03/14/2002 - 03/16/2002
Period the Report Covers: 01/01/2002 - 12/01/2002

Participants

Participants Attachment:

Attachment

Brief Summary of Minutes

The 2002 NC-1003 meeting was held at ERS-USDA, Washington, D.C., and featured a two-day symposium entitled, Future Public Research Opportunities and Directions, March 14-16th. In order to better impact agricultural science policy, the program featured USDA research administrators, a CGIAR administrator, and an agricultural college dean.

The NC-1003 business meeting on March 16th included a report from the administrative advisor, James Venette, South Dakota, plans for the 2003 meeting, state reports, and election of officers. The group decided to hold the 2003 annual meeting at New Brunswick, NJ, in late February and draw upon unique local resourcesRockefeller Foundation, pharmaceutical industry, Columbia University . The suggested topic was to be Intellectual Property and Agricultural Research Implications for Public and Private Sectors. The program committee consisted of Carl Pray (NJ), Chair, Brian Wright (CA), Paul Heisey (ERS), and Phil Pardey (MN).

The Nominations Committee nominated Wallace Huffman (IA) for Chair and George Frisvold (AZ) for Secretary for the upcoming year. The nominations were moved and both were elected unanimously.

Minutes Attachment:

Attachment

Accomplishments

NC-1003 has the following three research objectives: (1) To estimate the expected and actual flow of benefits an costs of research for agriculture, rand related areas, including incidence of their distribution; (2) To analyze decision strategies for funding, planning, managing, and evaluating agricultural research by public institutions and private organizations, and (3) To analyze opportunities, risks and net benefits from existing and potential public-private sector linkages, including new institutions, technology transfer mechanisms, and freedom to operate. During the past year, which is the first full year of the project, the project has produced an excellent set of publications and science-policy interactions with outside groups and organizations. See the publication list, Group I for publications in 2002 and Group II for forthcoming and miscellaneous publications.

Publications

Acquaye, A.K.A., J.M. Alston, and P.G. Pardey. A Disaggregated Perspective on Post-War Productivity Growth in U.S. Agriculture: Isnt that Spatial? Chapter 3 (pp. 37-84) in V.E.D. Ball and G.W. Norton, eds. Agricultural Productivity: Measurement and Sources of Growth. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002. Alston, J.M. Spillovers. Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 46(September 2002): 315-346. Alston J.M. and J.S. James. Price Policies and the Domestic and International Distribution of Commodity Quality: Theory and Application to EU Wheat, in B. Krissoff, M. Bohman, and J.A. Caswell, eds, Global Food Trade and Consumer Demand for Quality. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002. Alston, J.M. and P.G. Pardey. Attribution and Related Problems in Assessing the Returns to Agricultural R&D. Agricultural Economics 25(2001): 141-152. Alston, J.M. and P.G. Pardey. Reassessing Research Returns: Attribution and Related Problems. In G. Peters and P. Pingali, eds. Tomorrows Agriculture: Incentives, Institutions, Infrastructure , and Innovations. Proceedings of the XXIV International Conference of Agricultural Economists. Aldershot, U.K.: Ashgate Publishing, 2001, pp. 223-242. Alston, J.M. and R.J. Venner. The Effects of the U.S. Plant Variety Protection Act on Wheat Genetic Improvement. Research Policy 31,4(2002): 527-542. Araji, A.A. and S. Love. The Economic Impact of Investment in the Pacific Northwest Potato Variety Development Program. American Journal of Potato Research 79(2002): 1-10. Ball, V. Eldon and George W. Norton, eds. Agricultural Productivity: Measurement and Sources of Growth, Norwell, M.A.: Kluwer Press, 2002. Buttel, Frederick H. Economic and Social Aspects of Pest Management, in David Pimentel, ed. Encyclopedia of Pest Management, New York: Dekker, 2002, pp. 221-223. Buttel, Frederick H. and Jessica R. Goldberger. Gender and Agricultural Science: Evidence From Two Surveys of Land-Grant Scientists. Rural Sociology 67(2002): 24-45. Carey, J.M. and D. Zilberman. A Model of Investment Under Uncertainty: Modern Irrigation Technology and Emerging Market in Water. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 84(February 2002): 171-183. Chen, C.C., B.A. McCarl, and H.S. Hill. The Value of ENSO Information Under Alternative ENSO Phase Definitions. Climatic Change 54(2002): 305-325. Dawe, D., R. Robertson, L. Unnevehr, and D. Dawe. Golden Rice: What Role Could it Play in Alleviation of Vitamin A Deficiency? Food Policy 27(October-December 2002): 541-560. Frisvold G. and K.S. Pounds. Diffusion of Bt Cotton and Insecticide Use. Proceedings of the Beltwide Cotton Conferences, Memphis, TN: National Cotton Council, 2002, pp. 428-431. Frisvold, G. and R. Tronstad. Economic Effects of Bt Cotton Adoption and the Impact of Government Programs. In Economics and Environmental Impacts of Agbiotech: A Global Perspective. N. Kalaitzandonakes, ed. New York: Kluwer-Plenum Academic Publishers, 2002, pp. 261-286. Gaskell, G., P.B. Thompson, and N. Allum. Worlds Apart? Public Opinion in Europe and the USA, in Biotechnology: The Making of a Global Controversy, M.W. Bauer and G. Gaskell, eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2002, pp. 351-375. Gisselquist, David, Carl Pray, and John Nash. Deregulating Technology Transfer in Agriculture: Impact on Technical Change, Productivity, and Incomes. World Bank Research Observer 17, no. 2(Fall 2002): 237-265. Huang, J., S. Roselle, C.E. Pray, and Q. Wang. Plant Biotechnology in China. Science Vol. 295(25 January 2002): 674-677. Huang, Jikun, Carl Pray, and Scott Rozelle. Enhancing the Crops to Feed the Poor. Nature 418(August 2002): 678-684. Huang, Jikun, Ruifa Hu, Carl Pray, and Scott Rozelle. Re-Reforming Chinas Agricultural Research System. In R. Echeverria and D. Byerlee, eds. Agricultural Research Policy in an Era of Privatization. CABI. Cambridge. U.K., 2002. Huang, Jikun, Ruifa Hu, Scott Rozelle, Fangbin Qiao, and Carl E. Pray. Transgenic Varieties and Productivity of Smallholder Cotton Farmers in China. Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resources Economics, 46:3(September 2002): 367-387. Huffman, W.E. Changes in the Labor Intensity of Agriculture: A Comparison of California, Florida, and the Whole U.S., in J.L. Findeis, A.M. Vandeman, J.M. Larson and J.L. Ruyan., eds. Dynamics of Hired Farm Labor: Constraints and Community Response, CABI Publishers, 2002, pp. 25-40. Huffman, W.E. and Abebayehu Tegene. Public Acceptance of and Benefits from Agricultural Biotechnology: A Key Role for Verifiable Information, in V. Santaniello, R.E. Evenson and D. Ziberman, eds, Market Development for Genetically Modified Foods, CAB International, 2002, pp. 179-189. Huffman, W.E., E. Ball, M. Gopinath, and A. Somwaru. Public R&D and Infrastructure Policies: Effects on Cost of Midwestern Agriculture, in G. Norton and E. Ball, eds, Agricultural Productivity: Measurement and Sources of Growth. Kluwer Academic Press, 2002, pp. 167-184. Just, D., S. Wolf, S. Will, and D. Filberman. Consumption of Economic Information in Agriculture. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 84(Feb 2002): 39-52. Kazianga, Harounan and Williams Masters. Investing in Soils: Fields Bunds and Micro Catchments in Burkina Faso. Environment and Development Economics 7(3)(2002): 571-591. Masters, William and Diakalia Sanogo. Welfare Gains from Quality Certification of Infant Foods: Results from a Market Experiment in Mali, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 84(4)(2002): 974-989. Nottenburg, Carol, Philip G. Pardey and Brian D. Wright. Accessing Other Peoples Technology for Non-profit Research. Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 46(3)(2002): 389-416. Pardey, Philip G. and Brian D. Wright. Agricultural R&D, Productivity and Global Food Prospects. M. Chrispeels and D. Sadava, eds. In Plants, Genes, and Agriculture, Second Edition. Chapter 2, 2002. Pardey, Philip G. Bonwoo Koo, Brian D. Wright, M. Eric Van Dusen, Bent Skovmand, and Suketoshi Taba. Costing the Conservation of Genetic Resources: CIMMYTs Ex Situ Maize and Wheat Collection. Crop Science 41(4)(2001). Pingali, P.L. and G. Traxler. The Changing Locus of Agricultural Research: Will the Poor Benefit from Biotechnology and Privatization Trends? Food Policy 27(2002). Pray, Carl E. The Growing Role of the Private Sector in Agricultural Research. In R. Echeverria and D. Byerlee, eds. Agricultural Research Policy in an Era of Privatization. CABI. Cambridge, England: U.K., 2002. Pray, Carl E., Jikun Huang, Ruifa Hu, and Scott Rozelle. Five Years of Bt Cotton in China - the Benefits Continue. The Planet Journal 31(4)(2002): 423-430. Ramaswami, Bharat and Carl E. Pray. Dissemination of Private Hybrids and Crop Yields in the Semi-Arid Tropics of India. Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics. 57(1)(2002): 39-51. Reilly, J, J. Graham, B.A. McCarl, et. al. Changing Climate and Changing Agriculture: Report of the Agricultural Sector Assessment Team, US National Assessment, prepared as part of USGCRP National Assessment of Climate Variability, Cambridge University Press, 2002. Santaniello, V., R.E. Evenson, and D. Zilberman, Eds. Market Development for Genetically Modified Foods. New York: NY: CAB International, 2002. Sanogo, Diakalia and William Masters. A Market-Based Approach to Child Nutrition: Mothers Demand for Quality Certification of Infant Foods in Bamako, Mali, Food Policy 27(3)(2002): 251-268. Tauer, Loren W. The Impact of Bovine Somatotropin on Farm Profits, in V. Santaniello, R.E. Evenson, and D. Zilberman, eds. Market Development for Genetically Modified Foods. New York: NY: CAB International, 2002, pp. 81-90. Tauer, Loren W. The Estimated Profit Impact of Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin on New York Dairy Farms for the Years 2994-through 1997. AgBioForum 4(2)(2001): 115-123. Ten Eyck, T.A., P.B. Thompson and S.H. Priest. Biotechnology in the United States: Mad or Moral Science? in Biotechnology 1996:2000: The Years of Controversy. G. Gaskell and M.W. Bauer, eds. London, England: The Science Museum, 2001, pp. 307-318. Tegene, Abebayehu, Albert Essel, Anne Effland, Gerald Larson, Nicole Ballenger, Winfrey Clarke, and George Norton. Investing in People: Assessing the Economics Benefits of 1810 Institutions, U.S. Dept. of Agric., Econ. Res. Service, Washington, DC, Misc. Pub. No 1583 (March 2002): 30. Thirtle, C., D. Schimmelpfennig, and R. Townsend. Testing the Induced Innovation Hypothesis: An Error Correction Model of United States Agriculture, 1880-1990. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 84 (Aug 2002): 598-614. Thompson, P.B. Land, in Life Science Ethics, G. Comstock, ed. Ames, IA: Iowa State Press (2002) 169-190. Thompson, P.B. Social Acceptance of Nanotechnology, in Societal Implications of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mihail Rocco and William Sims Bainbridge, eds. Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001, pp.: 251-256; also published Arlington, VA: National Science Foundation (2001): 198-202. Thompson, P.B. Why Food Biotechnology Needs and Opt Out, in Engineering the Farm: Ethical and Social Aspects of Agricultural Biotechnology. B. Bailey and M. Lappe, eds. Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 2002, pp. 27-44. Trigo, Eduardo J., Greg Traxler, Carl Pray, and Ruben Echeverria. Agricultural Biotechnology in Latin America and the Caribbean. In P.G. Pardey, ed, The Future of Food: Biotechnology Markets and Policies in an International Setting. IFPRI: Washington DC 2002. Yee, J., W.E. Huffman, M. Ahearn, and M. Newson. Source of Agricultural Productivity Growth at the State Level, 1960-1993, G. Norton and E . Balls, eds. Agricultural Productivity: Measurement and Sources of Growth. Kluwer Academic Press, 2002, pp. 185-210. Zohrabian, A., G. Traxler, S. Caudill, and M. Smale. Valuing Crop Genetic Resources: A Maximum Entropy Approach. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 85(May 2003): 430-437.

Impact Statements

Four members of NC-1003 helped draft the NRC Report entitled, Frontier in Agricultural Research: Food, Health, Environment, and Communities (National Academy Press 2002), and Laurian Unnevehr (IL) was Chair of the Committee as it completed its work.
Wallace Huffman (IA) with assistance from Robert Evenson (Yale), Mark Rosegrant (IFPRI) and Jay Richie (MS) prepared and presented a one-half day program for the fall 2002 national ESCOP meeting, Baltimore, MD. They were reporting on the Counter Factual Study dealing with how changing the size of federal formula funding impacts individual agricultural experiment station budgets and state total factor productivity and world markets for food and fiber.
Results have been presented to the USDA and FDA dealing with the impact of GM-food labels and biotech information from diverse sources on consumer acceptance of GM foods.
A white paper was prepared by Paul Thompson (IN) on Ethics and Food Safety Policy at a workshop at FAO, Rome, Italy.
Members have published papers in the high-visibly journals Science and Nature (see papers by Pray (NJ) and Zilberman (CA)).
Members have contributed to a Handbook on Plant Biotechnology and plant physiology textbook entitled, Plants, Genes, and Crop Biotechnology.

Date of Annual Report: 05/13/2004

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 03/05/2004 - 03/06/2004
Period the Report Covers: 01/01/2003 - 12/01/2003

Participants

Participants Attachment:

Attachment

Brief Summary of Minutes

The 2003 annual meeting of the NC1003 Committee was held at the Hyatt Regency Hotel, New Brunswick, NJ, Feb. 28-March. A one and one-third day conference was held on the topic, ?Intellectual Property and Agricultural Research: Implications for Public and Private Sectors.? A keynote lecture was given by Professor Richard R. Nelson, the George Blumenthal Professor of International and Public Affairs, Business and Law at Columbia University. His topic was, ?The Market Economy and the Scientific Commons.? Five other scholars from outside the Committee membership were also on the programs. In all, 17 research papers were presented in sessions on (a) Perspectives on Patents and Research from Outside and Inside Agriculture, (b) Technology Prices, Patents, Plant Breeders? Rights and Trade Secrets, (c) Intellectual Property Rights, Productivity of Technology, and Public Sector Research, (d) Mechanisms for Reducing Hold-ups, and (e) IPRs and International Research and Technology Transfer. See the program included in Appendix A. Over 50 participants attended from 17 universities, from USDA agencies, and from other research organizations.

Principal Investigators on the IFAFS grant "Innovation and Dynamic Efficiency in Agricultural Biotechnology" held a pre-conference meeting in New Brunswick. The project will develop a web-based database of agricultural biotechnology patents, and will use the database to investigate the impact of intellectual property laws and market structure on innovative activity. The project involves NC-1003 members and collaborators from Rutgers, ERS, Auburn, and Cornell.

At the business meeting on March 1st, the new Administrative Advisor, Professor Marshall Martin, Purdue University, made report on exceptions for multistate committees. He also Marshall spoke briefly about the NIMS system (National Information Management and Support System). The NIMS system is a web-based application that allows participants of Multi-state Research Projects and Activities to submit proposals and reports online. The website is: http://www.lgu.umd.edu/login.cfm. Interested parties, stakeholders and cooperators can query the System for relevant and timely information. Reports, minutes, and information about publications and other activities can be linked to NIMS for others to access and obtain information about NC-1003. It is also a way for NC-1003 members to stay informed about other multi-state projects.

New Committee members, Jeremy Foltz (Wisconsin), GianCarlo Moschini (Iowa State), Norbert Wilson (Auburn), and Yin Xia, were welcomed to the Project. State research reports were presented.

Plans were made for the 2004 meeting and symposium. The group decided to title the conference, ?Research Impacts and Decisions Strategies for Biotechnology,? to hold the meeting in early March at the relatively new Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO. Also, this location is close the Monsanto research facility and tours of the Danforth Center and Monsanto were planned. George Norton, Greg Traxler, Charles Moss, and Yin Xia were appointed by the Chair to the program Committee.

George Norton, Chair, of the officers? nominating committee, reported that Wallace Huffman (IA) was nominated one-year terms as Chair and George Frisvold (AZ) was nominated as Secretary. The vote was unanimous.

Minutes Attachment:

Attachment

Accomplishments

Accomplishments and Impacts: This has been the second full year following renewal of the NC-1003 project, which has following three research objectives: (1) To estimate the expected and actual flow of benefits an costs of research for agriculture, rand related areas, including incidence of their distribution; (2) To analyze decision strategies for funding, planning, managing, and evaluating agricultural research by public institutions and private organizations, and (3) To analyze opportunities, risks and net benefits from existing and potential public-private sector linkages, including new institutions, technology transfer mechanisms, and freedom to operate. This year the project has produced an excellent set of publications, papers, and presentations. See the attached publication list, showing 48 publications (Group I) in refereed journal, books, and chapters in books for 2003, and 46 publications in Group II (forthcoming and miscellaneous publications). See Appendix A for a detailed summary of progress. Some especially noteworthy accomplishments over the past year include the following: * Scientists at AESs in Arizona, California, Iowa, Indiana, New Jersey, Virgina, and Wisconsin and the Economic Research service have completed extensive examinations of consumer acceptance and resistance to GM-technologies and food products, farmers acceptance of GM technologies, and ethical issues associated with new technologies. This research is providing important information to public policy officials who are trying to understand the GM-technology/food debate. * Scientists at Arizona, California, Missouri, Texas, and Virginia have completed an extensive examination of the effects of public research on the efficient use of natural resources and adjustments to climate change. Their proposals include new government programs to pay farmers to sequester carbon in trees and other plants. This research is helping government agencies and state governments make policy to deal with these resource issues. * Scientists at Iowa and Yale are working with the Executive Director of the Northeast Experiment Station Directors and ESCOP to prepare a four page bulletin to make the case with Congress for additional formula funding of SAS research. * Scientists at Indiana, California, and Minnesota have been working to develop new funding instruments for agricultural research in the International Center System and for poor African countries. * A large number of papers have been presented by members of the committee at the American Agricultural Economics Association Meetings, Montreal, July 27-30, 2003: at the Triennial Meetings of the International Association of Agricultural Economists, Durbin, South Africa, August 16-22, 2003; and the 7th Conference of the International Agricultural Biotechnology Consortium, Ravello, Italy, June 29-July 2, 2003. A smaller but important number of papers were presented by members at the Annual Meetings of the Rural Sociology Society. * One committee member has been appointed to a National Academy of Sciences Committee on intellectual property in genomics and proteomics.

Publications

Acquaye, A. K. A., J. M. Alston, and P. G. Pardey. ?A Disaggregated Perspective on Post-War Productivity Growth in U.S. Agriculture.? American Journal of Agricultural Economics 85(1)(February 203): 59-80. Adams, R. M., B. A. McCarl, and L. O. Mearns. ?The Effects of Spatial Scale of Climate Scenarios on Economic Assessments: An Example from U.S. Agriculture.? Climatic Change, Vol. 60, Nos. 1-2, September I, II (2003): 131-148. Adams, R. M., L. L. Houston, B. A. McCarl, M. Tiscareo, J. Matus, and R. F. Weiher. ?The Benefits and Costs to Mexican Agriculture of an El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Early Warning System.? Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 115(2003): 183-194. Alig, R. J., D. M. Adams, and B. A. McCarl. ?Projecting Impacts of Global Climate Change on the U.S. Forest and Agriculture Sectors and Carbon Budgets.? Forest Ecology and Management 169(2003): 3-14. Alston, J. M. ?The ?Domain? for Levy-Funded Research and Extension: General Notions with Particular Applications to the Australian Dairy Industry.? Connections: Farm Food and Resource Issues 3(August 2002): 3-8. Available on line at http://www.agrifood.info/Connections/Winter2002/alston.htm. Alston, J. M. and P. G. Pardey. ?Farm Productivity and Inputs? sub-chapter comprising an essay and16 data tables, including 210 series, in S. Carter, S. Gartner, M. Haines, A. Olmstead, R. Sutch, and G. Wright, eds. Historical Statistics of the United States?Millennial Edition Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2003): forthcoming. Alston, J. M. and P. G. Pardey. ?The Effects of the U.S. Plant Variety Protection Act on Wheat Genetic Improvement.? Research Policy 31(4)(2002): 527-542. Alston, J. M., J. W. Freebairn, and J. S. James. ?Distributional Issues in Check-off Funded Programs.? Agribusiness: An International Journal (2003). Antle, J. M. and B. A. McCarl. ?The Economics of Carbon Sequestration in Agricultural Soils,? in Volume VI of the International Yearbook of Environmental and Resource Economics, eds. T. Tietenberg and H. Folmer, published by Edward Elgar, (2003): 278-310. Buttel, F. H. Internalizing the Societal Costs of Food Production. Plant Physiology 133 (2003): 1656-1665. Buttel, F. H. Continuities and Disjunctures in the Transformation of the U.S. Agrofood System. In D. L. Brown and L. E. Swanson eds. Challenges for Rural America in the 21st Cenutry. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, (2003); 177-189. Chiremba, S. and W. A. Masters. ?The Experience of Resettled Farmers in Zimbabwe,? with Sophia Chiremba. African Studies Quarterly 7(2-3)(2003). Day-Rubenstein, K., P. W. Heisey, C. Klotz-Ingram, and G. Frisvold. Competitive Grants and the Funding of Agricultural Research in the U.S. Review of Agricultural Economics 25(2003): 352-368. Deepak, Sri Devi, James L. Seale, Jr., and Charles B. Moss. ?Per Capital Income, Human Capital, and Inequality Convergence.? Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 35(Supplement 2003): 171-180. Erickson, Kenneth, Ashok K. Mishra, and Charles B. Moss. ?Cash Rents, Imputed Returns, and the Valuation of Farmland Revisited.? In Government Policy and Farmland Markets: The Maintenance of Farmer Wealth eds. Charles B. Moss and Andrew Schmitz. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press (2003): 223-235. Featherstone, Allen M. and Charles B. Moss. ?Capital Markets, Land Values, and Boom-Bust Cycles.? In Government Policy and Farmland Markets: The Maintenance of Farmer Wealth cited by Charles B. Moss and Andrew Schmitz. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press (2003): 159-178. Frisvold, G., J. Sullivan, and A. Raneses. Genetic Improvements in Major U.S. Crops: The Size and Distribution of Benefits. Agricultural Economics 28(2003): 109-199. Gao, Xiaming, Charles B. Moss, Hans Theil, and Dave D. Weatherspoon. ?The Development of the GDPs of the G-7 Countries, 1950-1988.? Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 35 (Supplement 2003): 151-154. Godoy-Avila, S., J. Falck-Zepeda, and J. Espinoza-Arellano. ?Transgenic Cotton in Mexico: Economic and Environmental Impacts.? In Economic and Environmental Impacts of First Generation Biotechnologies, ed. Nicolas Kalaitzandonakes, Kluwer Academic, New York, 2003. Graff, G., S. Cullen, K. J. Bradford, D. Zilberman, and A. Bennett. ?The Public-Private Structure of Intellectual Property Ownership in Agricltural Biotechnology. Nature Biotechnology 21 (6)(September 2003). Huffman, W. E. ?Consumer?s Acceptance of (and Resistance to) Genetically Modified Foods in High Income Countries: Effects of Labels and Information in an Uncertain Environment.? American Journal of Agricultural Economics 85(Dec 2003): 1112-1118. Huffman, W. E. and O. Alfranca. ?Private R&D Investments in Agriculture: The Role of Incentives, Public Policies, and Institutions,? Economic Development and Cultural Change 51(Oct 2003): 1-21. Huffman, W. E., J. F. Shogren, M. Rousu, and A. Tegene. ?Consumer Willingness to Pay for Genetically Modified Food Labels in a Market with Diverse Information: Evidence from Experimental Auctions.? Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 28(Dec 2003):481-502. Huffman, W. E., M. Rousu, J. F. Shogren, and A. Tegene. ?The Public Good Value of Information from Agribusinesses on Genetically Modified Foods.? American Journal of Agricultural Economics 85(Dec 2003): 1309-1315. Jetter, K. M., J. M. Alston, and R. J. Farquharson. ?Private Investment in Exotic Pest Control Technology: The Case of Silverleaf Whiteflies in California.? Davis: University of California Agricultural Issues Center, 2001. Koo, Bonwoo, Philip Pardey and Brian D. Wright. ?Saving Seeds; The Economics of Conserving Genetic Resources at the CGIAR Centers.? Agricultural Economics (2003): in press. Koo, Bonwoo and Brian Wright. ?Economics in Patenting an Input Essential to Further Research.? In Economics, Law and Intellectuals Property: Seeking Strategies for Research for Research and Teaching in a Developing Field eds. Ove Granstrand, Kluwer Academic Publishers (2003). Marra, M. C., P. G. Pardey, and M. G. Alston. ?The Payoff to Transgenic Field Crops: An Assessment of the Evidence.? AgBioForum (2003). Masters, W. A. ?Research Prizes: A Mechanism to Reward Agricultural Innovation in Low-Income Regions.? AgBioForum 6(1&2)(2003): 71-74. McMillan, M. S. and W. A. Masters, ?An African Growth Trap: Production Technology and the Time-Consistency of Agricultural Taxation, R&D and Investment.? Review of Development Economics 7(3)(2003): 179-191. Moss, Charles B. and Andrew Schmitz (Editors) Government Policy and Farmland Markets: The Maintenance of Farmer Wealth Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press, 2003. Moss, Charles B., J. S. Shonkwiler, and Andrew Schmitz. ?The Certainty Equivalence of Farmland Values: 1910 to 2000.? In Government Policy and Farmland Markets: The Maintenance of Farmer Wealth edited by Charles B. Moss and Andrew Schmitz, Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press (2003): 209-222. Moss, Charles B., Troy G. Schmitz, Alberg Kagan, and Andrew Schmitz. ?Institutional Economics and The Emergence of E-commerce in Agribusiness.? Journal of Agribusiness 21(1)(Spring 2003): 83-102. Raedeke, A., J. J. Green, S. S. Hodge and C. Valdivia. ?Farmers, the Practice of Farming and the Future of Agroforestry: An Application of Bourdieu?s Concepts of Field and Habitus.? Rural Sociology 68(1)(2003): 64-68. Schillo, K. K. and P. B. Thompson. ?Postmodernism for Animal Scientists.? Journal of Animal Science 80(E. Suppl. 2)(2003): E189-E194. Schimmelpfennig, David E. and George W. Norton. ?What is the Value of Agricultural Economics Research?? American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 85(1)(Feb 2003): 81-94. Schimmelpfennig, David E. and George W. Norton. ?Measuring the Benefits of International Agricultural Economics Research.? Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture, 42(2)(2003): 207-222. Schimmelpfennig, David, John King, and Anwar Naseem. ?Intellectual Capital in a Q Theory of Agbiotech Mergers,? American Journal of Agricultural Economics 85(5)(2003):1275-82. Schmitz, Troy G., Charles B. Moss, and Andrew Schmitz. ?Marketing Channels Compete for U.S. Stocker Cattle.? Journal of Agribusiness 21(2)(Fall 2003): 131-148. Schneider, U. A., and B. A. McCarl. ?Economic Potential of Biomass Based Fuels for Greenhouse Gas Emission Mitigation.? Environmental and Resource Economics 24(2003): 291-312. Tegene, A., W. E. Huffman, M. Rousu, and J. F. Shogren. ?Affects of Information on Consumer Demand for Biotechnical Foods: Evidence from Experimental Auctions,? USDA, ERS, Technical Bulletin No. 1903, March 2003. Theil, Hans and Charles B. Moss. ?The Five Layers of Affluence.? Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 35(Supplemental 2003): 165-168. Thompson, P. B. ?Crossing Species Boundaries Is Even More Controversial Than You Think,? (Comment) The American Journal of Bioethics 3(3)(2003): 14-15. Thompson, P.B. ?Unnatural Farming and the Debate over Genetic Manipulation,? in Genetic Prospects; Essays on Biotechnology, Ethics and Public Policy. V. V. Gehring, Ed. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, (2003): 27-40. Thompson, P. B. ?The Environmental Ethics Case for Crop Biotechnology: Putting Science Back into Environmental Practice.? In Moral and Political Reasoning in Environmental Practice. A. Light and A. de-Shalit, eds. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press (2003): 187-217. Thompson, P. B. ?Cultural Integrity, Globalization, and Technical Change: Further Thoughts on GMO?s in the Food Supply,? in Technology and Cultural Value on the Edge of the Third Millennium, P.D. Herscock, M. Stepaniants and R. Ames, eds. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press (2003): 222-235. Thompson, P. B. ?Putting Pragmatism to Work?? Teche: Journal of the Society for the Philosophy of Technology. 7(1, Spring 2003). http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/SPT/v7nl/thompson.html. Thompson, P. B. ?Value Judgments and Risk Comparisons: The Case of Genetically Engineered Crops,? Plant Physiology 132(2003): 10-16. Weatherspoon, Dave D., James L. Seale, Jr. and Charles B. Moss. ?Extending Theil?s Inequality Index: Addressing Dynamic Convergence in the OEDC.? Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 35(Supplement 2003): 183-194. Zohrabian, A., G. Traxler, S. Caudill, and M. Smale. ?Valuing Crop Genetic Resources: A Maximum Entropy Approach.? American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 85(May 2003): 430-437. Group II (Forthcoming and Miscellaneous Publications) Akobundu, Ebere, Jeffrey Alwang, Albert Essel, Geroge W. Norton, and Abebayehu Tegene. ?Does Extension Work?: Impacts of a Program to Assist Limited-Resource in Farmers in Virginia.? Review of Agricultural Economics, in press. Alston, J. M., J. Hyde, and M. C. Marra. An Ex Ante Analysis of the Benefits from the Adoption of Monsanto?s Corn Rootworm Resistant Varietal Technology?YieldGard? Rootworm. NSF Center for Integrated Pest Management, Raleigh North Carolina. Technical Bulletin 103(July 2002): 68. Barham, B. L., F. H. Buttel, and J. Foltz. Use of Genetically Modified Crops in Wisconsin. In Status of Wisconsin Agriculture. Madison: Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Wisconsin (2003): 38-42. Buttel, F. H. and A. Hirata. The ?Gene Revolution? in Global Perspective: A Reconsideration of the Global Adoption and Diffusion of GM Crop Varieties, 1996-2002. PATS Staff Paper Series, Paper No 9. Madison: Program on Agricultural Technology Studies, University of Wisconsin, September, 2003. Chen, C. C., B. A. McCarl, and D. E. Schimmelpfennig. ?Yield Variability as Influenced by Climate: A Statistical Investigation.? Climate Change (2004): forthcoming. Erickson, Kenneth W., Charles B. Moss, and Ashok K. Mishra. ?Rates of Return in the Farm and Non-farm sectors; How do They Compare?? Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, in press. Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge and David Schimmelpfennig. ?Have Seed Industry Changes Affected Research Effort?? Amber Waves 2(1)(February 2004): 14-19, (an Economic Research Service (USDA magazine). Frisvold, G. and R. Tronstad. Global Impacts of Bt Cotton Adoption Proceedings of the Beltwide Cotton Conferences, Cotton Economics and Marketing Conference, Memphis, TN: National Cotton Council (2003). Gillig, D., B. A. McCarl, and R. D. Sands. ?Integrating Agricultural and Forestry GHG Mitigation Response into General Economy Frameworks: Developing a Family of Response Functions.? Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change (2004): forthcoming. Graff, Gregory, Brian Wright, Alan Bennett, and David Zilberman. ?Access to Intellectual Property for the Biotechnological Development of Horticultural Crops.? California Agriculture (April 2004): forthcoming. Huffman, W. E. ?Production, Identity Preservation and Labeling in a Market Place with Genetically Modified (GM) and Non-GM Foods.? Plant Physiology, in press. Huffman, W.E. ?Immigration in the U.S. Midwest during the 1990s: A Decade of Rapid Change.? Iowa State University Department of Economics Working Paper # 03027, December 2003. Huffman, W. E. and R. E. Evenson. ?Determinants of the Demand for State Agricultural Experiment Station Resources: A Demand-System Approach.? Iowa State University Department of Economics Working Paper # 03028, December, 2003. Huffman, W. E. and R. E. Evenson. ?New Econometric Evidence on Agricultural Total Factor Productivity Determinants: Impact of Funding Sources.? Iowa State University Department of Economics Working Paper # 03029, December, 2003. Johnson, M. and W. A. Masters, ?Complementarity and Sequencing of Innovation.? Economics of Innovation and New Technology 13(1)(2004): 19-31. Koo, B., P. G. Pardy, and B. D. Wright. Saving Seeds: The Economics of Conserving Crop Genetic Resources Ex Situ in the Future Harvest Centers of the CGIAR. CABI (2003): forthcoming. Lanjourw, Jean O. and William Jack. ?Trading Up: How Much Should Poor Countries Pay to Support Pharmaceutical Innovation?? February, 2004. Lanjourw, Jean O. and William Jack. ?Financing Pharmaceutical Innovation: How Much Should Poor Countries Contribute?? Department of Agricultural Research Economics, University of California-Berkeley, July, 2003. Lapan, H. E. and G. Moschini. ?Innovation and Trade with Endogenous Market Failure: The Case of Genetically Modified Products.? American Journal of Agricultural Economics (2004): in press. Martinez-Mejia Pablo, Case Study of Commercial Tilapia Production in Olancho, Honduras. M.S. in Agricultural Economics, Auburn University, 2004. Masters, W. A. ?Research Prizes: A New Kind of Incentive for Innovation in African Agriculture?, International Journal of Biotechnology (2004): in press. McCarl, B. A., R. M. Adams, and B. Hurd. ?Global Climate Change and It?s Impact on Agriculture,? in Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems. C. Chang and C. Huang, eds. Institute of Economics Academia Sinica and UNESCO, Taipai, Taiwan (2004): forthcoming. Mishra, Ashok K., Charles B. Moss, and Kenneth Erickson. ?Valuing Farmland with Multiple Quasi-Fixed Inputs.? Applied Economics, in press. Mishra, Sanjiv. An Economic Assessment of Bt Eggplant in Bangladesh, the Philippines, and India, M.S Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. Moschini, G. ?Intellectual Property Rights and the World Trade Organization: Retrospect and Prospects,? in Anania, G., Gohman, M., Carter, C., and McCalla, A., eds., Agricultural Policy Reform and the WTO: Where are we Heading?. Edward Elgar Publishing (2004): in press. Moschini, G. ?Agricultural Biotechnology and Trade: The Unresolved Issues.? Iowa Ag Review, CARD, Vol. 9(4)(Fall 2003). Mullen, J. D., J. M. Alston, D. A. Sumner, M. Kreith, and M. Kuminoff. The Benefits from Agricultural Pest-Management Research Conducted by the University of California. University of California Agricultural Issues Center Publication (2003): forthcoming. Murray, B. C., B. A. McCarl, and H. C. Lee. ?Estimating Leakage from Forest Carbon Sequestration Programs.? Land Economics (Feb 2004): forthcoming. Mutuc, Maria E. Increase in Calorie Intake Due to Eggplant Grafting: Proof of Concept with the Use of Minimum Datasets, MS thesis. Virginia Tech (2003). Oehmke, James F. and David E. Schimmelpfennig. ?Structural Change in the Research-Productivity Relationship.? Journal of Productivity Analysis, in press. Pardey, P. G., J. M. Alston, C. Chan-Kang, E. C. Magalhães, and S. A. Vosti. Assessing and Attributing the Benefits of Varietal Improvement Research: Evidence from Embrapa, Brazil. EPTD Discussion Paper No. 95, Washington, DC, IFPRI, 2002. Available on line at http://www.ifpri.org/divs/eptd/dp/papers/eptdp95.pdf. Paustian, K., B. A. Babcock, J. Hatfield, R. Lal, B. A. McCarl, S. McLaughlin, A. Mosier, C. Rice, G. P. Roberton, N. J. Rosenberg, and C. Rosenzweig. Agricultural Mitigation of Greenhouse Gases: Science and Policy Options, CAST Report (2004): forthcoming. Perrin, Richard K. ?On Choosing a Farm Program (DCP) Option.? Cornhusker Economics, Department of Agricultural Economics, UNL, Feb. 19, 2003. Perrin, R., K. P. Vogel, and M. R. Schmer. ?Switchgrass ? A Biomass Energy Crop for the Great Plains.? Focus, Department of Agricultural Economics, UNL, Spring/Summer, 2003. Rousu, M. C., W. E. Huffman, J. F. Shogren, and A. Tegene. ?Estimating the Public Value of Conflicting Information: The Case of Genetically Modified Foods.? Land Economics 80(Feb 2004): in press. Rousu, M., W. E. Huffman, J. F. Shogren, and A. Tegene. ?Are U.S. Consumers Tolerant of GM Foods?? Review of Agricultural Economics 26(Spring/Summer 2004): in press. Schneider, U.A. and B.A. McCarl. ?Economic Potential of Biomass for Greenhouse Gas Emission Reductions: Comparation role in Agriculture.? In Policies for Greenhouse Gases Reduction and Pollution in Asian-Pacific, R. Mendelsohn ed. (2004): forthcoming. Tauer, Loren W. The Impact of Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin on Dairy Farm Profits: A Switching Regression Analysis. Working Paper 2003-29, Department of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 2003. Thompson, P. B. ?The Legacy of Positivism and the Role of Ethics in the Agricultural Sciences,? in Perspectives in World Food and Agriculture 2004. C. G. Scanes and J. A. Miranowski, eds., Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press (2004): 335-351. Trejos-Castillo, Elizabeth. Income, Food Security, and Poverty Reduction: Case Studies of Small-Scale Aquaculture Producers in Santa Barbara, Honduras. M.S. in Sociology, University of Missouri, 2003. Valdiivia, C. and S. Konduru. ?Interest in Agroforestry Practices, Farmer Diversification Strategies and Government Transfers in Missouri?s Northeast and Southeast.? Proceedings, 8th North American Agroforesty Conference, Corvallis, AFTA, June (2003). Valdiivia, C., S. Konduru, A. Raedeke, and J. Green. ?Land Owner Characteristics and Perceptions in Northeast and Southeast Missouri.? The Economic and Social Value of Flood Plain Agroforesty to Rural Development Project. Agricultural Economics working Paper 2003-9, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Missouri, Columbia. Vogel, K. P., M. R. Schmer, R. K. Perrin, L. E. Moser, and R. B. Mitchell. ?Field Scale Evaluation of Switchgrass Grown as a Bioenergy Crop in the Northern Plains.? 2002 Grass & Beef Research Review, Central Grasslands Research Extension Center, North Dakota State University, 2003. Yee, J., M. Ahearn, and W. E. Huffman. ?Links Among Farm Productivity, Off-Farm Work, and Farm Size in the Southeast,? Journal of Agricultural and Resource, 2004 forthcoming

Impact Statements

Date of Annual Report: 05/03/2005

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 03/10/2005 - 03/12/2005
Period the Report Covers: 01/01/2004 - 12/01/2004

Participants

Participants Attachment:

Attachment

Brief Summary of Minutes

The 2004 annual meeting of the NC1003 committee was held at the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, March 5-6. A one and one-half day conference was held on the topic, Research Impacts and Decision Strategies for Biotechnology. Five scholars from outside of NC1003 were on the program, including a representative from Monsanto. The program also included a tour of the research facilities at the Danforth Plant Science Center and a field trip to Monsantos Plant Research Facility.

A short business meeting was held. Marshall Martin, administrative advisor, indicated that the NC1003 project was scheduled for a midterm-review. He also encouraged NC1003 participants to engage in broad scale collaboration. Roger Beachy, president of the Danforth Center, summarized some of the key issues facing the Danforth Center, including the regulation of agricultural biotechnology. His report provided impetus for the topic of next years program. We settled on the topic, Economics of the Regulation of Agricultural Biotechnology. Julian Alston (CA-D), David Zilberman (CA-B) and Richard Just (MD) agreed to serve as program chairs. We also discussed the possibility of a book and a Farm Foundation Issue Report coming from the program at the 2005 meeting. The location for the 2005 meeting was set for the University of Maryland campus. However, in subsequent negotiations, the symposium and business meeting were moved to Arlington, VA.

The NC1003 Officer Nominating Committee, chaired by George Norton (VA), nominated Wallace Huffman (IA) for Chair and George Frisvold (AZ) as Secretary. These nominations were approved unanimously.

During the summer, the NC1003 project was chosen by ESCOP to be one of the multistate projects to be showcased before the U.S. Congress. Chair Huffman and Advisor Martin prepared this report.

Accomplishments

This has been the third full year following renewal of the NC-1003 project, which has the following three research objectives: (1) To estimate the expected and actual flow of benefits an costs of research for agriculture, rand related areas, including incidence of their distribution; (2) To analyze decision strategies for funding, planning, managing, and evaluating agricultural research by public institutions and private organizations, and (3) To analyze opportunities, risks and net benefits from existing and potential public-private sector linkages, including new institutions, technology transfer mechanisms, and freedom to operate. This year the project has produced an excellent set of publications, papers, and presentations. See the attached publication list, showing 61 publications (Group I) in refereed journal, books, and chapters in books for 2004 (or earlier), and 56 publications in Group II (forthcoming and miscellaneous publications). See Appendix A for a detailed summary of progress.

Publications

Publications Attachment:

Attachment

Impact Statements

Scientists at AESs in Arizona, California, Iowa, Indiana, New Jersey, Virgina, and Wisconsin and the Economic Research service have completed extensive examinations of consumer acceptance and resistance to GM-technologies and food products, farmers acceptance of GM technologies, and ethical issues associated with new technologies. This research is providing important information to public policy officials who are trying to understand the GM-technology/food debate.
Scientists at Rutgers, the USDA, and California have has shown that GM crops are quite profitable to farmers in China and India, but GM crops are making very little headway in Africa, which was by-passed by the Green Revolution. The resistance by the European Union to GM products has been shown to have a negative effect on the willingness of these countries to move forward on the few GM crops that might be useful to them.
Scientists at Arizona, California, Missouri, Nebraska, Texas, and Virginia have completed an extensive examination of the effects of public research on the efficient use of natural resources, energy resources and adjustments to climate change. Their proposals have been used in the evaluating the potential of new government programs dealing with paying farmers to sequester carbon in trees, new biomass potential of grasses and other products for ethanol production, and with climate change.
Scientists at Iowa and Yale in cooperation with the Executive Director, Northeast Experiment Station Directors, and the Director of the Iowa AES to prepare a popular report on formula funding of agricultural research building on the Counterfactual Study, funded two years ago by ESCOP through the University of Maryland. In the fall, 5,000 copies of this 12 page multicolored report, Formula for Success, were printed and distributed to experiment station directors and deans of colleges of agric
Other copies of Formula for Success, were distributed to key members of Congress, USDA administrators, and private sector interest groups. The inventory was rapidly depleted when President Bush recommended in his January Budget to Congress that formula funds for agricultural research be converted to a competitive grant program for agricultural experiment stations. Five thousand more copies were printed for further distribution.
Research at Idaho, Nebraska, Texas, and Virginia has been undertaken to show how new scientific discoveries have lead to a reduction in the toxicity load on the environment from new agricultural pest control practices. More generally new agricultural technologies have been shown to reduce the environmental foot print of agriculture. Hence, agricultural productivity rates, which are quite high, would be even higher if the impact of the new technologies for a better environment were also included
A large number of papers have been presented by members of the committee at the American Agricultural Economics Association Meetings, Denver, CO, July 2004: and at the 7th Conference of the International Agricultural Biotechnology Consortium, Ravello, Italy, June 29-July 2, 2003. A smaller but important number of papers were presented by members at the Annual Meetings of the Rural Sociology Society.

Date of Annual Report: 05/31/2006

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 03/24/2006 - 03/24/2006
Period the Report Covers: 01/01/2005 - 12/01/2005

Participants

Participants Attachment:

Attachment

Brief Summary of Minutes

The 2006 annual meeting of the NC1003 committee was held at Jekyll Island, Georgia, March 24-25. A one and one-half day conference was held on the topic, Funding Agricultural Research: Evolving Institutional Frameworks. There were 15 presentations by NC-1003 members and invited speakers. Invitees included Per Pinstrup-Andersen (Cornell University) the current President of the American Association of Agricultural Economists who spoke on Changes in International Funding of Agricultural Research and Kurt A. Zuelke, National Science and Technology Council, Executive Office of the President who spoke on Competitive Grants and SAES Research: An Administration Perspective. There were also two featured presentations by rural sociologists.

A business meeting was held at the end of the conference. Wallace Huffman, outgoing president, welcomed us and welcomed new members: Leland Glenna (Penn State U.), Dana Hoag (Colorado State), and Guanming Shi (U. of Wisconsin). Members who had not presented in the conference session were then given a chance to update the group on their recent research. Loren Tauer (Cornell) and Timothy Dalton (U. of Maine) both update us on their research work.

Marshall Martin, administrative advisor to the group, spoke about the meeting and progress of the group. Marshall complemented us on a strong program and an interesting set of research. He encouraged us to do more outreach of our research results to the Land Grant system and policy makers.

Bruce McWilliams (USDA-CSREES) spoke to the group, commending our work and reiterating the importance of disseminating it outside the NC 1003 committee. He encouraged us to produce short summaries of what our work does for the American public.

Wallace Huffman reported on the edited volume from last years conference which should be out soon. He also reported that an issue report has been produced by the Farm Foundation based on last years conference.

The NC1003 Officer Nominating Committee, chaired by George Norton (VA), nominated George Frisvold (AZ) for Chair and Jeremy Foltz (WI) as Secretary. These nominations were approved unanimously.

We initiated plans for next years conference which will be hosted by UC Berkeley and held in conjunction with a conference in honor of Jeannie Lanjouw. Brian Wright volunteered to take charge of the organization with help from David Zilberman and Carl Pray.

Finally, NC-1003 members took time to thank Wally Huffman and note our great appreciation for his excellent service as Chair of the project for so many years.

Accomplishments

This year the project has produced 44 peer-reviewed journal articles and chapters in books (see attached publications list). Of these publications, 9 were co-authored by two or more NC-1003 participants from different institutions, working collaboratively. Along with increased collaboration between agricultural economists and rural sociologists, NC1003 participants have collaborated with scientists in the following fields on project-related research: agronomy, animal science, biochemistry, biotechnology, crop science, entomology, forestry, plant biology, plant breeding, plant pathology, plant science, psychology, range science, and weed science. This years annual conference also witnessed increase participation from rural sociologists as well as agricultural economists, with presentations by rural sociologists fro AESs in Wisconsin and Pennsylvania. Revised papers from last years conference will be published later this year in the edited volume Just, R.E., J.M. Alston, and D. Zilberman (eds). The Economics of Regulation of Agricultural Biotechnologies. Springer-Verlag publishers, 2006 (forthcoming). Regular edited volumes published by NC-1003 participants, focusing on particular themes is a key way to stimulate member collaboration, obtain peer responses and suggestions and focus research on specific problem areas. Last years conference papers served as a basis for Economics of Regulation of Agricultural Biotechnology: Consumer preferences, industry structure and economic forces shape the regulatory process. Farm Foundation Issue Report | Issue Five, August 2005. In addition members prepared papers and conference sessions for the 2005 meetings of the American Association of Agricultural Economists, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, the New Zealand Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, and the 26th Conference of the International Association of Agricultural Economists (IAAE) .

Publications

Publications Attachment:

Attachment

Impact Statements

The research by scientists at the Iowa AES and Yale University on the differential impact of federal formula funding of SAES research under Hatch and competitive grant funding has shown that formula funds have a larger impact on state agricultural productivity than competitive grant funding. This information has been used by ESCOP to inform members of Congress of impacts of federal formula funding.
Work at the Indiana AES working with donors to establish a new funding mechanism, whereby foreign aid agencies and philanthropic donors could pay innovators in proportion to measured social welfare gains from technology adoption. Such "prizes rewards" would compensate innovators for spillovers to adopters and consumers, beyond what can be captured through the sale of inputs or technology licenses. The initiative has gained attention through scholarly and outreach presentations and has received coverage on national television news. NC-1003 participants from the following AESs serve on the initiative advisory board: Minnesota, New Jersey, and California-Berkeley.
Participants of NC1003 and its predecessor NC208 have pioneered methods of estimating economic impacts of agricultural research. Participant publications are among the most widely cited in scholarly literature in this area. Economic impact assessment methods have been adopted by USDA agencies (primarily ERS) as well as institutions within the CGIAR system.