NE2442: Improving Sustainable Poultry Production through Collaborative Research and Outreach

(Multistate Research Project)

Status: Active

Project Menu

SAES-422 Reports

Annual/Termination Reports:

[08/08/2025]

Date of Annual Report: 08/08/2025

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 06/09/2025 - 06/10/2025
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2024 - 09/30/2025

Participants

Attending NE2442 Participants:
Shawna Weimer – University of Arkansas
Sara Orlowski-Workman – University of Arkansas
Lin Walker - NC State
Kenneth Anderson - NC State
Pratima Adhikari – Mississippi State University
Maryam Mohammadi – Mississippi State University
Hong Li – University of Delaware
Dawn Koltes - Iowa State University
Tayo Adedokun – University of Kentucky
Birendra Mishra – University of Hawaii at Manoa
Chongxiao (Sean) Chen – University of Georgia
Michael Persia –Virginia Tech
Brett Miraz - Iowa State University (EIC)
Mirellie Arguelles-Ramos – Clemson University (virtual)

Guests/speakers:
Stacey Roberts – Versova
Kim Reis – West Liberty
Nick Hermansen – West Liberty
Dan Robison – Iowa State University (Dean)
Maro Ibarburu – Egg Industry Center
Petek Settar – Hyline International
Allen Bond - Tyson

Organizer and supporting staff:
Lesa Vold – Egg Industry Center
Felipe Rodrigues Picchi - Iowa State University

Brief Summary of Minutes

Accomplishments

<h2>Objective 1. Advancing sustainable poultry systems through precision management</h2> <h2> </h2> <h3>Mississippi State University – Dr. Luis Muñoz</h3> Activities and Projects Analysis of poultry environmental samples to gain insight into biosecurity risks Significant Impact and Findings: Boot swab samples have been collected for metagenomic analysis. This analysis is helping us to create a baseline of the microbiota present in the poultry house and is currently updated weekly. We are building a library so that when a disease starts occurring within the poultry house, we can react sooner by observing those microbial changes in the litter where birds live. This approach will give us the opportunity to identify those pathogens that are of higher risk in each commercial poultry house that gets monitored.   <h3>Mississippi State University – Dr. Hudson Thames</h3> Activities and Projects The Thames lab has been working to identify trends in broiler production systems that correlate to muscle myopathies observed during processing. The lab also investigated myopathy prevalence in birds that were fed a variety of feed additives throughout the different phases of bird growth. The lab conducted this research by: <ol> <li>Investigating the relationship with meat myopathies and broiler performance across multiple feed additive trials.</li> <li>Investigating the impact of broiler genetics on processing performance and muscle myopathies in a 56-day grow out.</li> <li>Investigating the impact of phytase feed additives on broiler muscle myopathies.</li> </ol> Significant Findings and Impact <ol> <li>Under normal grow-out conditions, the incidence of woody breast was strongly correlated with carcass weight, breast yield, and thigh yield. However, when feed additives were introduced to the diet, muscle myopathy occurrence became de-coupled from these parameters. As more trials are conducted, additional data will be integrated into the model to monitor this relationship.</li> <li>Two different lines of broilers were grown in commercial houses under similar conditions. Birds were grown to 56 days of age and processed at the Mississippi State Poultry Processing Facility. While one line of birds had less incidence of muscle myopathies, the other line of birds had on average 0.5% more breast meat.</li> <li>Various phytase inclusions did not affect the incidence or severity of broiler muscle myopathies in 56 day old broilers.</li> </ol>   <h3>North Carolina State University – Dr. Kenneth E. Anderson</h3> Activities and Projects Research on the influence of unconventional feed ingredients on pullet growth and subsequent flock performance and health continue to come from the food manufacturing industries looking for added incomes from materials traditionally termed as waste. These products can be integrated as animal feed ingredients that cannot be used for human consumption. Use of products such as dried grocery product, peanut meal and sweet potatoes from the peanut and sweet potato commodity groups have increased dramatically. We have continued research for the ‘24-‘25 year examining feed formulations and feed ingredients such as mineral supplements, essential oils, enzymes and fermentation products to improve performance, gut health, nutrient absorption and egg quality. Cage-free systems research focused on health and parasite reduction using essential oils or utilizing physical barriers to separate the hens from the soil yet allowing full access to growing forages to continue. Cage-free and Free-range production systems remain an industry priority and they continue to move new production in this direction. Retail consumers are driving the push; however, individual family consumer demand stymies the issue due to the increased egg prices and the lack of retail demand for these products. Further complications with HPAI outbreaks beginning in 2022 that continue today, combined with the associated shift have resulted in record egg prices. There are no current estimates of backyard flocks in this country; however, a 2016 USDA Survey and published report out of CA estimates a national backyard flock of 212.5 million hens may exist but could be as high as 300 million. The backyard flock push is exempt from egg washing and refrigeration regulations, increasing the distribution of unwashed and un-regulated shell eggs. Research on cage-free systems deemed more “humane” do not appear to improve the welfare of the hens or the safety of the food produce therein. The problem is that the consumers are more than 8 generations removed from production agriculture and don’t understand the inherent issues associated with poultry production and the risks to the bird in more extensive systems and the inherent safety compromises in the products they produce. Significant Findings and Impact It appears that products from grocer by-products, peanut and sweet potato growers, can supply significant product at reasonable costs into the egg and meat feed systems. Essential oils and geogrids preventing access to fecal and ground insects appear to reduce the incidence of internal parasites in range systems. Geogrids also protect the root system of the forages in the paddocks thereby significantly reducing destruction of the forages and potentially soil erosion in range operations. As a result geogrid costs have been added into the NRCS cost sharing system for range egg and poultry meat producers.   <h3>North Carolina State University – Dr. Lin Walker</h3> Activities and Projects We evaluated the impact of housing systems on poultry food safety:  Project 1: Caged vs. cage-free on Salmonella survival and invasion on shell eggs during refrigeration This study compared the eggs from caged and cage-free systems over the lay cycle on Salmonella survival and its penetration during refrigeration. Fresh eggs were collected from commercial caged and cage-free white laying hens at 22, 32, 52, and 82 weeks of age, then inoculated with 10^6 CFU/mL Salmonella and stored at 4°C. Sampling by shell rinse, egg contents collection, and air cell swabbing was conducted the day after inoculation and each of the following three weeks with direct plating for Salmonella enumeration and enrichments to identify Salmonella presence. Project 2: Comparison of conventional and silvopasture raised broilers on gut microbiome and Salmonella This study evaluated the natural occurrence of Salmonella in fast and slow-growing broilers (Ross 708 and SASSO, respectively) in conventional floor pen and silvopasture systems using a 2×2 factorial design. Ross birds grew for 42 days, whereas SASSO birds grew for 56 days, with both receiving identical conventional diets. At the end of their respective rearing periods, the cecal microbiome, Salmonella counts, and prevalence from whole-bird rinses were analyzed. Significant Findings and Impact Project 1: More inoculated Salmonella were detected on the shell of cage-free eggs than caged eggs. Salmonella was less likely to survive on eggs from aged hens. During refrigeration, Salmonella kept decreasing over time. Refrigeration was essential to prevent Salmonella penetration from eggshell to the contents and air cell.  Project 2: SASSOs had significantly lower Salmonella counts on carcasses than Ross, with non-significant differences between housing systems. In contrast, in the cecal tonsils, Salmonella was found in 20% of conventionally and 60% in the cecal tonsils of silvopasture-reared SASSOs, whereas Ross birds had much lower Salmonella prevalence in cecal tonsil. These results suggest that conventional housing is more effective in minimizing external contamination of Salmonella in Ross carcasses. The level of Salmonella contamination in SASSOs was consistently lower, indicating that the breed’s genetic resilience may confer a reduced food safety risk regardless of housing conditions.   <h3>University of Minnesota – Dr. Anup Kollanoor Johny</h3> Activities and Projects Project 1: Antibiotic alternatives and turkey cecal metabolome during Salmonella challenge. Salmonella in the intestines of turkeys can make its way into turkey products, posing a food safety risk. Our previous research has shown that lactobacillus probiotics and a natural plant compound called trans-cinnamaldehyde — found in cinnamon — can help reduce a drug-resistant strain of Salmonella Heidelberg in poults. In this study, we determined how these treatments affect the chemical makeup of the turkey’s gut. Young turkeys were either left uninfected or exposed to Salmonella, and then given probiotics, trans-cinnamaldehyde, or both. The Salmonella-infected birds without treatment had the most significant changes in their gut chemistry, including increase in certain bile acids and sugars, linked to the bacteria’s ability to survive in the gut. Birds that received treatments showed different patterns, with trans-cinnamaldehyde and the combined treatment looking most alike — and the trans-cinnamaldehyde group most like healthy birds. Project 2: Antibiotic alternatives against Salmonella Heidelberg in poults. Since no single method can completely control Salmonella, we tested two natural options: beneficial bacteria (probiotics) taken from healthy turkeys, and a plant-based compound from cinnamon (trans-cinnamaldehyde), used alone and together against a major Salmonella serotype, Salmonella Heidelberg. In lab tests, trans-cinnamaldehyde completely eliminated Salmonella from water, while probiotics worked best when certain nutrients were present. When given to poults, both treatments reduced Salmonella in the gut, and using them together reduced levels by about 99.9%. Project 3: Antibiotic alternatives against multiple Salmonella serotypes in growing turkeys Some uncommon types of Salmonella have recently been found in turkeys and could cause future foodborne illness outbreaks. To help farmers reduce this risk, we tested three farm-based (preharvest) methods: two beneficial bacteria (probiotics) — one from turkeys and one from dairy — and a live vaccine made from an attenuated Salmonella strain. These treatments were given to young turkeys for several weeks, either alone or in combination, before the birds were exposed to a mix of three Salmonella serotypes linked to commercial turkey flocks. The results showed that all treatments reduced Salmonella in the birds’ intestines by up to 99% and lowered its spread to internal organs without adversely affecting birds’ health. Project 4: Pimenta essential oil against multiple Salmonella serotypes in ground turkey. We tested an essential oil from pimenta (allspice) plants as a possible antibacterial treatment during turkey processing. The oil was able to reduce Salmonella Agona and Salmonella Saintpaul both in lab tests and on turkey meat. In ground turkey, higher concentrations of pimenta oil reduced Salmonella by about 99% within a day, and the highest dose eliminated it rapidly. On turkey breast meat, combining the oil with a natural coating with chitosan also lowered Salmonella levels. Project 5: Plant options for Salmonella control during processing. Salmonella Heidelberg can contaminate chicken meat and cause foodborne illness. This study tested whether cinnamon oil ingredient, trans-cinnamaldehyde, a common food-grade disinfectant (peracetic acid), or a combination of the two could reduce Salmonella on chicken drumsticks during processing. Fresh drumsticks were dipped in scalding water with these treatments to simulate the scalding step used in poultry processing plants, and after chilling and cold storage. The results showed that peracetic acid, especially when combined with trans-cinnamaldehyde, greatly reduced or even eliminated Salmonella from the processing water, without changing the meat’s appearance.   Significant Findings and Impact These findings suggest that antibiotic alternatives could help control multiple Salmonella types on turkey farms. Pimenta essential oil and trans-cinnamaldehyde could be a promising plant-based options to make turkey processing safer, making poultry products safer for consumers.   <h3>Michigan State University – Drs. Janice Siegford, Daniel Morris, Francine Czerniawski, and Mayra Tsoi</h3> Activities and Projects PI Tsoi performed a research study on potential impact of imidacloprid and its metabolites on food safety in laying hens. Phase II of this project is in progress, studying the effect of repeated low dose exposure to imidacloprid in laying hens. Significant Findings and Impact PI Tsoi found that at the two doses administered, imidacloprid at its metabolites were detected in all tissue samples tested (including chicken meat, eggs); some residues were detected up to 7 days post-administration. Findings suggest that there is a potential for food contamination by imidacloprid.   <h2>Objective 2. Fostering innovative production practices through research and extension</h2>   <h3>Auburn University – Dr. Dianna Bourassa</h3> Activities and Projects <ol> <li>Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of antimicrobial resistance patterns in Salmonella and Campylobacter strains isolated from both No-Antibiotics-Ever (NAE) and conventional Broiler complexes.</li> <li>Use of high intensity pulsed light to reduce Salmonella and Campylobacter on broiler parts.</li> <li>Meta-analysis of the impacts of xylo-oligosaccharides on growth performance of broiler chickens.</li> <li>Use of probiotics to modulate the intestinal microbiome of broiler chickens.</li> </ol> Significant Findings and Impact 1.Within NAE and conventional broiler complexes, the antimicrobial resistance patterns differ. While the conventional complexes yielded more positive samples, the NAE complexes showed elevated antimicrobial resistance. <ol start="2"> <li>High intensity pulsed light was able to reduce Salmonella and Campylobacter on chicken wings and tenders by about 90%, both when used as a single intervention and when used in conjunction with the typically used antimicrobial processing aid, peracetic acid.</li> <li>Xylo-oligosaccharides have shown efficacy for improving the growth performance of broiler chickens across studies in the literature and can therefore potentially benefit poultry growers.</li> <li>Probiotics have been demonstrated to shift the intestinal microbiome patterns. Impacting the intestinal microbiome to a preferred pattern has the potential to improve broiler performance and reduce the persistence of foodborne pathogens.</li> </ol>   <h3>Auburn University – Dr. Wilmer Pacheco</h3> Activities and Projects Dietary strategies to improve gut health and improve broiler performance. Significant Findings and Impact <ol> <li>Phytase and microbiota modulating feed additive (MMFA – butyrate and phytase) interactions: Bacitracin improved performance and protein digestibility more effectively than calcium butyrate, but these responses varied with phytase levels. Phytase-MMFA interactions influenced gene expression and microbiome function, indicating that MMFA efficacy depends on phytase concentration.</li> <li>Calcium and limestone particle size: During enteric challenge, reducing dietary calcium by 0.1% maintained growth and bone mineralization, but a 0.2% reduction impaired performance. Limestone particle size had minimal direct effects but interacted with calcium levels, affecting feed efficiency and nutrient utilization.</li> </ol>   <h3>University of Arkansas – Dr. Yi Liang, Dr. Shawna Weimer, and Dr. Sara Orlowski-Workman</h3> Activities and Projects Weimer: In two replicated experiments, we investigated the potential of supplementing Trp in the diet and incrementally adding dark hours to the photoperiod to improve broiler welfare and potentially increase their growth efficiency and welfare. The objectives of this research were to determine the 1) effect of Trp supplementation on broiler production, health, and stress response, and 2) relationship between Trp supplementation and lighting regime on broiler welfare and activity. We hypothesized that incremental lighting and increased dietary tryptophan would improve broiler welfare and physiological outcomes without compromising growth performance or carcass yield. Orlowski-Workman: Everyday feeding and skip-a-day feeding are two common methods of feeding broiler breeder pullets, however the effect on bird welfare needs to be considered. Additionally, it is unclear how water intake and drinking behavior may be impacted by these feeding methods. In collaboration with a group from NC State University, the goal of this project was to determine the effect of feeding strategies on broiler behavior, welfare and water intake. RFID technology was tested as a way to measure pullet activity underneath a water line and to assess if RFID technology could be used to identify birds that consistently drink more water than birds that do not. Significant Findings and Impact Weimer: This project evaluated the effects of lighting photoperiod (abrupt vs. incremental) and dietary tryptophan supplementation (100%, 150%, and 200%) on broiler chicken performance, physiology, and behavior. We hypothesized that incremental lighting and increased dietary tryptophan would improve broiler welfare and physiological outcomes without compromising growth performance or carcass yield. The results did not fully support this hypothesis. Performance and welfare measures were minimally affected by the treatments. Feed efficiency was consistent across treatments and ages, with no significant differences observed. Broilers raised under the abrupt photoperiod were heavier than birds under the incremental photoperiod on day 14, suggesting a potential early growth advantage. However, this effect did not extend to later growth stages. Tryptophan supplementation had no effect on body weight at any age. Similarly, neither treatment affected carcass yields at processing, except for rack and skin yield, which was greater for birds fed the control diets than those fed diets supplemented with tryptophan. The most interesting results are that tryptophan supplementation reduced the incidence of woody breast, with higher tryptophan levels associated with a greater proportion of normal fillets. The potential protective effect of tryptophan against muscle myopathies warrants further investigation. Tonic immobility and open field test results did not show statistically significant differences across treatments. However, trends in distance traveled and velocity during the open field test suggest that larger sample sizes may have yielded significant results and warrant further investigation. Orlowski-Workman: RFID technology was used to identify broiler breeder pullets in a pen setting as either a “high” drinker or “low” drinker. The RFID data was confirmed through individual bird measurements utilizing the Low-flow water measuring system developed at the University of Arkansas. Additionally, water intake and behavior differences were found between pullets fed an everyday diet versus pullets fed a skip-a-day diet. These findings are imperative to the broiler breeder industry in understanding bird behavior as feed provision strategies come under scrutiny.   <h3>University of Delaware – Dr. Hong Li</h3> Activities and Projects Li Lab at the University of Delaware targets biological and engineering technologies to address the issues related to water quality and litter management.  Two research projects were conducted over the past year: <ol> <li>A novel water treatment system was evaluated to determine its impact on broiler performance and environment. The results with five flocks over one year show that the on-farm water treatment improved the feed efficiency while air emission was not affected.</li> </ol>   <ol start="2"> <li>A paired comparison study provides a detailed analysis of the comparative effects of Poultry Litter Treatment (PLT) and Liquid Acid Alum (AA) on broiler production performance and environmental footprints. Conducted at the University of Delaware, this paired comparison utilized built-up litter in two separate houses with different treatment applications, comparing PLT at 150 lb/1000 ft² against AA at 30 and 50 gal/1000 ft². Across four broiler flocks, parameters such as litter pH, live weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR), mortality, paw quality, energy consumption, and ammonia emissions were meticulously assessed. The findings demonstrate that PLT and AA achieved similar performance while PLT had a slightly better feed efficiency and lower FCR compared to AA without significant differences. Notably, neither litter treatment significantly affected litter pH, moisture content, or paw quality.</li> <li>A paired comparison trial on wood shavings and Miscanthus beddings has been conducted on a commercial farm since May 2025. Four identical broiler houses are used with 32,000 birds in each 60x550 ft house. This study evaluates broiler performances, energy consumption, carbon footprint, greenhouse gas emissions, and nutrient life cycle analysis between the two different beddings.</li> <li>A new air treatment and circulation system was developed to manage air distribution and litter moisture. The system delivers treated clean air to the bird level and increase air circulation which promote water evaporation, reduce litter moisture, and mitigate foot pad dermatitis induced by high litter moisture.</li> </ol> Significant Findings and Impact These projects improve the utilization and natural resources, energy efficiency, environmental footprint, public and animal health.   <h3>University of Hawaii – Dr. Rajesh Jha</h3> Activities and Projects Dr. Jha’s lab focused on “Nutrition programming to improve the performance and gut health of monogastric animals,” and “Evaluating novel feedstuffs and feed additives for their nutritional value and functional properties in pigs and poultry” using both in vivo and in vitro models. His particular interest is “Early nutrition programming in broiler chickens” using an in ovo inoculation model.   <h3>University of Hawaii – Dr. Birendra Mishra</h3> Activities and Projects Dr. Mishra’s lab focuses on two main areas: 1) the genetic and hormonal regulation of egg production in broiler breeders and laying hens, and 2) the mitigation of heat stress in poultry using nutraceuticals and embryonic thermal manipulation. Significant Findings and Impact His research has identified novel genes and biological pathways that play a role in egg production within the oviduct of laying hens. Additionally, his research has evaluated the effects of antioxidants and polyphenolic compounds in alleviating environmental heat stress in birds. Moreover, embryonic thermal manipulation (TM) has been shown to improve hatchability, enhance thermotolerance, and optimize liver metabolism while reducing hatch time. Pre-hatch embryonic TM, along with post-hatch supplementation of baicalein, significantly increased body weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, cecal microbial diversity, and immune-related markers in the intestine and other immune organs in heat-stressed broilers. <h3> </h3> <h3>University of Georgia</h3> Activities and Projects We investigated the use of radio-frequency identification (RFID) system for tracking bird movement in cage-free systems. The station’s participant also studied the use of wearable sensors to record physiological changes. The research grants awarded for the reporting period will address relevant PLF aspects such as the use of an RFID system to investigate hen-house interaction for cage-free systems, and the development of computer vision system to monitor broiler chickens’ gait and lameness. Projects on histomoniasis in broiler breeders aim to understand how management and feeding-related stressors during pullet rearing affect disease outcomes, providing insight into improving health and welfare in production systems. The results highlight the importance of uniformity management and role of coinfection on disease outcomes. Research on energy and amino acid interactions—particularly the role of specific amino acids such as histidine in broilers—is also expanding the knowledge base for precision feed formulation. Significant Findings and Impact These efforts support improved nutrient utilization, growth performance, and production efficiency, while promoting sustainability and reducing nutrient waste. In addition, research in precision poultry management is advancing through the development of computer vision systems to detect lameness, identify individual birds, and monitor both individual and group behaviors. These technologies show potential for improving production efficiency and addressing common health and welfare challenges in poultry operations.   <h3>University of Kentucky – Dr. Sunday A. Adedokun</h3> Activities and Projects Research conducted at the University of Kentucky has impact on feed quality on birds’ performance and gastrointestinal health. <ol> <li>Construction work on our new department building has begun with the plan to move into the new building by spring 2026.</li> <li>Tony Pescatore retired in the fall of 2024.</li> <li>Poultry nutrition (research and extension) is currently open. <a href="https://ukjobs.uky.edu/postings/581842">https://ukjobs.uky.edu/postings/581842</a></li> </ol> Significant Findings and Impact <ol> <li>Three heat stress-related studies were conducted with broiler chickens. These were done to evaluate the effect of different dietary supplements on performance, gut health, and immune function of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress.</li> <li>Effects of dietary postbiotic on the performance, immunity (cytokine concentrations) and intestinal tissue injury of broiler chickens challenged with LPS.</li> <li>A study looking at the interactive effects of a poor quality diet (naturally contaminated corn) and heat stress on broiler chickens’ performance, nutrient utilization and blood gas was recently completed.</li> </ol>   <h3>University of Maryland – Dr. Jonathan R. Moyle</h3> Activities and Projects Continued on farm demonstration of high capacity circulation fans to improve bird welfare.   <h3>Michigan State University – Drs. Janice Siegford, Daniel Morris, Francine Czerniawski, and Mayra Tsoi</h3> Activities and Projects From June 2023 to April 2024, PI Siegford collaborated with A. Ali at Clemson to examine impact of aviary style and management practices in keeping hens from laying eggs in the litter. A flock of 5,000 brown laying hens were housed in cage-free aviaries at the MSU Laying Hen Facility, and data collected include egg production, location where eggs are laid, hens occupancy of nests and distribution through the systems, and physical measures of welfare including weight. Fear tests conducted in pens and with individual hens are also examining whether the various treatments or systems differently affect the emotional state of the birds. Video of hens on the litter was recorded at key time points across the study from placement to end of the project. She has also worked with colleagues at University of Bern and University of Guelph on projects related to using ramps to make hen movement in aviaries easier and safer and for rearing pullets in ways that better prepare them for cage-free systems. PI Morris and PI Siegford along with Ali at Clemson performed analysis on poultry piling intervention experiments using computer vision to detect piling and trigger LED lights to break up the pile. Based on this work the PI Morris is leading development of a proposal to USDA for new interventions that we anticipate will perform better over the long term. Significant Findings and Impact PI Siegford’s team found that style (design) of aviary impacts percentage of floor eggs and mortality with higher numbers of both for a more enclosed aviary style with nests located in the highest tier compared to a more open style with a nest placed in the middle tier. Age more than aviary design impacted egg quality, overall production, hen body weight, activity, and fearfulness. PI Morris’s team has discovered that LED-based interventions were effective in automatically disrupting piling for 4 to 6 weeks, but then the birds habituated, and the interventions were no longer effective. This result will guide future work in developing longer lasting interventions.   <h3>University of Minnesota – Dr. Anup Kollanoor Johny</h3> Activities and Projects Project 1: Determining consumer perceptions on sustainable poultry production. Making poultry production more sustainable means balancing many factors — from protecting human health and the environment to ensuring bird welfare and keeping food affordable. But because many consumers today are disconnected from how food is produced, it can be hard to find common ground between public expectations and production practices. To better understand consumer views, we held focus group discussions from diverse cultural backgrounds in Minnesota. Participants informed they value chicken for its convenience, affordability, and health benefits, with many choosing breast meat for ease of cooking even though they prefer the taste of dark meat. Concerns about human health often outweighed animal welfare considerations, and many people were unsure about what poultry labels mean or how farms are regulated. This lack of familiarity sometimes made them hesitant to pay more for products marketed as sustainable. Participants expressed a strong interest in getting clear, science-based information from trustworthy sources, delivered in engaging and easy-to-understand ways. The findings suggest that improving public understanding of sustainable poultry production could make people more open to supporting — and paying for — production practices that benefit health, animals, and the planet. Significant Findings and Impact This study reveals what consumers value, concern about, and misunderstand when it comes to poultry production, offering producers clear guidance on aligning sustainable practices with public priorities. By understanding these attitudes, the poultry industry can design strategies that are both marketable and effective in promoting health, animal welfare, and environmental stewardship. <h3>Mississippi State University – Dr. Pratima Acharya Adhikari</h3> Activities and Projects Dr. Adhikari's lab focuses on layer and pullet nutrition, where various traditional and new feed additives and exogenous poultry enzymes are studied. The lab also works on dietary strategies to control Salmonella Enteritidis in laying hens. Some of the main areas addressed in the lab include nutrition, gut health management, food safety, and improving the performance of birds. <ol> <li>Feeding novel feed ingredients like almond hulls, precision biotics and household food waste to understand performance in layers.</li> <li>Supplementation of enzymes such as phytase in laying hens’ diet.</li> <li>Evaluation of branched-chain amino acids in soybean meal fed to laying hens.</li> </ol>   <h3>Mississippi State University – Dr. Timothy Boltz</h3> Activities and Projects The Boltz lab's main activity is improving feed hygiene, both in mash and pelleted feed. The lab also investigated how feed additives can improve broiler performance up to 21 days of age and if certain additives can impact the efficacy of vaccines in 4-day-old chicks. The lab is doing this by: <ol> <li>Investigating the impact of varying conditioning times and temperatures on reducing a Salmonella surrogate, Enterococcus faecium, in a pilot-scale feed mill.</li> <li>Evaluating the inclusion of an organic acid, a phytochemical-aldhyde blend, and the combination of the two products on pathogen reduction in feed.</li> <li>Feeding a tannin-based feed additive to broiler chicks for 4 days in combination with a commercial Salmonella vaccine to see if the feed additive impacts the vaccine's efficacy.</li> <li>Evaluating the use of an emulsifier product in amino acid and energy-deficient diets compared to adequate diets, measuring performance and digestibility.</li> <li>Evaluating a novel inulin product added to reduced amino acid diets on 21-day broiler performance.</li> </ol> Significant Findings and Impact This past year, the lab found that Enterococcus faecium is a suitable surrogate for Salmonella in a pilot feed mill setting. We also found that the longer the conditioning time and the higher the conditioning temperature, the more bacteria are reduced. Feed samples were taken for potential precision feeding to roosters to see how nutrients were impacted. The use of a phytochemical-aldhyde blend and the combination with an organic acid product showed the greatest potential for reducing Salmonella in mash feed. This can be utilized by feed mills wanting to phase out formaldehyde-based products. Feeding a tannin-based feed additive did not impact the efficacy of a commercial Salmonella vaccine when chicks were sampled at 4 days of age. This demonstrates that this can be fed to birds without reducing the efficacy of a Salmonella vaccine in commercial production. The emulsifier product did not yield any significant findings and did not raise bird performance to the level of an adequate diet. Including the inulin product also did not raise bird performance to be similar to an adequate diet.   <h3>Mississippi State University – Dr. Kenneth S. Macklin</h3> Activities and Projects The main activities have been: 1. Finalizing the research on Salmonella control as well as the surveys of NAE and non-NAE complexes and how Salmonella is getting into the final product. 2. The role eggshell quality has on hatch, specifically fertility and hatch of fertile. The goal is to see if there is a link and if so what can we do to improve hatch (diet, incubation). 3. Determine if eggshell quality impacts egg quality when stored at 4C and 25C over 28 days. 4. Developing novel strategies to control litter beetles on poultry farms.   Significant Findings and Impact We have several interesting findings about the movement of Salmonella as well as Campylobacter through the poultry continuum; however really none point a finger at any one vector to target. The findings suggest a good biosecurity program is the best route to keep those foodborne pathogens out. Of course this is a major challenge, given the age of most poultry houses and the scale they are to meet consumer demands. Eggshell quality does seem to be a good predictive parameter for hatch and hatch of fertile, with one breed of broiler chickens being predictable based on these parameters; however the other major breed does not seem to follow these trends. We are in the process of performing a larger study to confirm or deny this. Storage of eggs at different temperatures as well as exterior eggshell quality did impact interior egg quality. Unsurprisingly, storing washed eggs at 4C resulted in little decrease in interior egg quality; however, storing at 25C did have a serious reduction of interior egg quality. This implies that eggs can be kept in stores for longer than 28 days if needed and that consumers need not worry about a decrease in egg quality. There have been some challenges with the novel beetle control; however, we are looking at another route to go for controlling these pests.   <h3>Mississippi State University – Dr. Maryam Mohammadi-Aragh</h3> Activities and Projects Dr. Mohammadi-Aragh is investigating the impact of incubator environments on microorganisms, including pathogens. The objectives of this research are to 1) improve commercial hatchery design, sustainability, and efficiency, and 2) develop strategies to decrease the risk of pathogen transmission and infection in commercial hatcheries. Significant Findings and Impact Research activities have found low survival rates of Escherichia coli during the first 18 days of incubation on commercial hatching eggshells, which is likely due to low relative humidity and limited nutrients on the eggshell surface. Statistical analysis of overall bacterial populations found significant variability in aerobic bacterial populations depending on location within the incubator. Furthermore, studies conducted in a commercial hatchery identified non-uniformity in the incubator environment, particularly for temperature, which could influence bacterial growth. Additional research was performed to assess variations in native E. coli populations on the eggshell surface across different commercial hatchery locations and flock ages. Data from this study are currently undergoing statistical analysis. Overall, the findings suggest that the incubator environment is not uniform and that spatiotemporal variations in bacterial populations exist within the incubator space.   <h3>Mississippi State University – Dr. Luis Muñoz</h3> Activities and Projects Evaluation of water additives for Salmonella control. Significant Impact and Findings: Trials looking at acidified water treatments showed strong antimicrobial activity against Salmonella, especially when the pH was adjusted to 2.5 or 3.0. These lower pH levels consistently eliminated Salmonella over time, even up to 48 hours, no matter how much bacteria we started with. On the other hand, treatments at higher pH levels (3.5 and above) weren’t as effective and showed little to no bacterial reduction after extended exposure. The pH of the solutions stayed stable the whole time, which supports that the reductions we saw were due to those low acidic conditions. These findings suggest that acidified water could be a helpful tool to reduce Salmonella risk in poultry production and give us a starting point to figure out the best pH level and treatment combination to test on farms.   <h3>Mississippi State University – Dr. Hudson Thames</h3> Activities and Projects The Thames lab has begun to investigate pre-harvest strategies to improve broiler meat quality and food safety. The lab is doing this by: Investigating the efficacy of water acidification on Salmonella survival at varying pH levels. Significant Findings and Impact In this research, it was observed that acidification was most effective at a pH of 2-2.5. The water acidifier utilized in this study is drinkable at this low pH which is unique to this product. However, this product remained effective at a pH of 3. At a pH of ≤ 3, Salmonella was reduced by 2 log CFU/mL. Acidification at a pH of 3.5-4 resulted in a bacteriostatic effect against Salmonella. <h3> </h3> Mississippi State University – Dr. Li Zhang Activities and Projects The main activities have been: <ol> <li>Identifying potential vaccine candidates through host-pathogen interactions for avian pathogenic Escherichia coli.</li> <li>Standardizing the 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing analysis protocol for poultry microbiome studies.</li> <li>Developing a rapid detection method for Clostridium perfringens in poultry.</li> <li>Evaluating the potential for vertical transmission of Salmonella and analyzing the genomic characteristics of multidrug-resistant bacteria.</li> <li>Investigating the prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni in NAE (No Antibiotics Ever) broilers.</li> </ol> Significant Findings and Impact We have several interesting findings about poultry microbiomes, pathogen dynamics and food safety. We identified key virulence factors in E. coli, developed rapid diagnostic tools (e.g., MLST, serogroup typing), and created models for pathogen challenge and tracking. Culturomics enabled isolation of probiotic candidates and spoilage organisms, while transcriptomic analyses revealed gene expression changes linked to inflammation and muscle disorders. These findings support improved disease surveillance, targeted probiotic development, and precision nutrition strategies, contributing to animal health, food safety, and sustainable poultry production.   <h3>North Carolina State University – Dr. Kenneth E. Anderson</h3> Activities and Projects The 41st North Carolina Layer Performance and Management Test was placed and the Grow Report was distributed. The 41st NCLP&MT production phase has completed its first 52 weeks of production. The NCLP&MT continues to provide performance data to the industry in cooperation with the NC Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Egg Industry and Primary Breeders of Commercial Egg Strains. The NCLP&MT was designed to examine the strain by production system performance in an unbiased manner for egg producers in North Carolina and throughout the world. The test provides insight to egg companies to understand potential problems related to the management of the different genetic strains of white and brown egg layers that they may use in their operations. These strains are commercially available in production systems used in the US. Significant Findings and Impact My focus within NE2442 is on three issues confronting the egg industry today. First, is the egg industry’s shift from primarily caged to cage-free production. My laboratory is understanding what impact these shifts in production systems are having on egg production and quality. Increasing the understanding of these impacts on egg production and quality will help the primary breeders evaluate their selection strategies and the producers enhance or modify their management to improve production and subsequent egg quality. Second, is the utilization of alternative feed ingredients. By recapturing nutrients which would be destined for the landfill we can significantly reduce the carbon footprint of production. These ingredients can replace protein and energy sources such as Soybean meal or Corn that can lower costs and improve sustainability. Third, the research we have done related to HPAI depopulation of laying hens, broilers, broiler breeders, and turkeys has provided the industry and USDA-APHIS a set of tools that can be used in the depopulation of diseased flocks. The Hyperthermic (VSD+) processes we developed have been used extensively in 2022-24 by APHIS VMOs for depopulation.   <h3>North Carolina State University – Dr. Lin Walker</h3> Activities and Projects Project 1: Impact of sodium bisulfate and water activity on Salmonella survival in poultry litter. This study evaluated the impact of sodium bisulfate and water activity (aw) on Salmonella survival in poultry litter. Windrowed used litter from commercial broiler houses was dried and adjusted into 3 aw levels (0.85, 0.9, and 0.95) by adding water. The litter at each aw level was further divided into 3 groups for different SBS surface application rates: 0, 100, and 150 lb/1000 sq ft. Salmonella was challenged to the litter and the survival, pH, moisture, and aw were measured in 8 days. Significant Findings and Impact The reduction of Salmonella populations occurred at a significantly faster rate in litter with lower water activity. The application of sodium bisulfate significantly lowered the litter pH with a more pronounced pH reduction observed in drier litter conditions (lower water activity). This study highlights the critical role of maintaining dry poultry litter in controlling Salmonella and optimizing the pH-lowering effects of acidifying agents, such as sodium bisulfate.   <h3>Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University – Dr. Michael E. Persia</h3> Activities and Projects Virginia Tech undertook research to investigate dietary energy in response to challenges posed by renewable fuels' standards, exploring alternative energy sources and strategies to enhance energy utilization in broiler chickens and laying hens. The first project used egg production, body weight, feed intake, feed efficiency, mortality, egg quality, and abdominal fat pad weights to determine the effects of dietary energy concentration and fat emulsifier feed additive on late pullets and young table egg laying hens. Depending on the concentration, the emulsifier was able to support maximal egg production, body weight and abdominal fat pad weights even when the dietary energy concentration was reduced suggesting that the emulsifier was able to liberate energy within the young laying hen system. This research has been completed and an abstract delivered in Atlanta at the International Poultry Scientific Forum (scientific meeting attached to IPPE) and a manuscript is being developed. The second project is underway, and the goal of this project is to determine the energy value to soybean soap stock byproducts from soy oil refining. This soap stock is potentially being added back to soybean meal at up to 2% of the diet. From a nutrient standpoint it is clearly a dilutant for amino acids, but the question remains if it will alter the energy content of soybean meal.  With this in mind, broiler chickens were raised on diets with various concentrations of other soybean oil and soybean soap stock to use regression analysis to help determine the energy value to this soybean soap stock to allow increased confidence in energy value formulation for soybean meal.

Publications

2025 NE2442 Station Report – Publications   Alabama: Auburn University   Dr. Dianna Bourassa   Peer-Reviewed Publications: Adhikari, Y., D.V. Bourassa, S. Poudel, M.A. Bailey, L. Zhang, R.J. Buhr, and K.S. Macklin. 2025. Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern in Campylobacter strains Isolated from both No-Antibiotics-Ever (NAE) and Conventional Broiler Complexes: Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization. Poultry Science. 104(10): 105516. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105516">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105516</a>. McConnell, A., M.R. Riggs, S. Manjankattil, S. Poudel, M.M. Jennings, M.B. Hughes, L. Huber, J. Wang, I. Rawson, R.J. Buhr, and D.V. Bourassa. 2025. Evaluating the efficacy of a novel two-sided drop-through photonic decontamination system on Salmonella and Campylobacter reduction on broiler parts. Journal of Food Protection. 88(9): 100574. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100574">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100574</a>. Naeem, M., D.V. Bourassa, S. Rochell, and M. Bedford. 2025. Evaluating the impacts of xylo-oligosaccharides on growth performance of broiler chickens: a meta-analytical approach. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 34(3): 100546. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2025.100546">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2025.100546</a>. Adhikari, Y., D.V. Bourassa, S. Poudel, M.A. Bailey, R.J. Buhr, and K.S. Macklin. 2025. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella strains isolated from both No-Antibiotics-Ever (NAE) and Conventional broiler complexes. Poultry Science. 104(3): 104855. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.104855">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.104855</a> Naeem, M. and D.V. Bourassa. 2025. Probiotics in poultry: Unlocking productivity through microbiome modulation and gut health. Microorganisms. 13(2): 257. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13020257">https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13020257</a>. Adhikari, Y., M.A. Bailey, S. Kitchens, P. Gaonkar, L. Muñoz, S.B. Price, D.V. Bourassa, L. Huber, R.J. Buhr, and K.S. Macklin. 2025. Whole Genome Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis of Salmonella spp. Isolated from Pullets Through Final Raw Product in the Processing Plant of a Conventional Broiler Complex: A Longitudinal Study. Microbiology Spectrum. 13(2): e02090-24. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02090-24">https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02090-24</a>. Adhikari, Y., M.A. Bailey, D.V. Bourassa, S. Poudel, R.J. Buhr, K.S. Macklin. 2025. A longitudinal study on Campylobacter spp. in an integrated broiler complex in the Southeast region of the United States: Prevalence and phylogenetic analysis. Journal of Food Protection. 88(1): 100420. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100420">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100420</a>. Naeem, M. and D.V. Bourassa. 2024. Optimizing poultry nutrition to combat Salmonella: Insights from the literature. Microorganisms. 12(12): 2612. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122612">https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122612</a>.   Peer-Reviewed Abstracts and Proceedings: Hughes, M.B., K.V. Casco, J.S. Garcia, B.A. McCrea, and D.V. Bourassa. Effects of duck breeds and chicken production types on egg quality and functionality. XXth European Symposium on the Quality of Eggs and Egg Products. September 14-17, 2025. Zadar, Croatia. Hughes, M.B., K.V. Casco, B. McCrea, J.S. Garcia, and D.V. Bourassa. Effects of duck breeds and chicken production types on egg quality characteristics through fourteen days of egg storage. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Adhikari, Y., S. Manjankattil Rajan, and D.V. Bourassa. Comparative impact of electrical and controlled atmosphere stunning on chicken carcass microbiota: A 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Manjankattil Rajan, S., J. Wang, S. Poudel, K.V. Casco, M. Naeem, O. Lockyear, S. Rochell, and D.V. Bourassa. Effect of dietary fat sources on performance, carcass yield, and intestinal histomorphometry of broiler chickens. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Naeem, M., F. Shahzad, N. Tahir, and D.V. Bourassa. Optimizing the inclusion of xylo-oligosaccharides: effects on performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, and litter properties in growing broiler chickens. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Poudel, E.A. Flores Granados, S. Rochell, and D.V. Bourassa. Breed-specific variations in tracheal microbiome of broiler chickens. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Rahman, F., E.A. Flores Granados, S. Rochell, D.V. Bourassa, and S. Poudel. Longitudinal analysis of broiler cecal microbiome: Unraveling the species level dynamics across age and sex. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Poudel, S., D.V. Bourassa, and J. Wang. Assessing population dynamics and AMR trends in Salmonella infantis. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Bailey, M.A. and D.V. Bourassa. Effect of environmental conditions on survivability of Campylobacter jejuni in used broiler litter. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Hughes, M.B., K.V. Casco, J.S. Garcia, B. McCrea, J. An, M. Hayden, S. Cho, and D.V. Bourassa. Effects of duck breeds and chicken production types on egg functionality and sensory evaluation through fourteen days of egg storage. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. McConnell, A.D., M. Jennings, M. Hughes, J. Krings, R.J. Buhr, and D.V. Bourassa. Evaluating the efficacy of photonic decontamination treatment on Salmonella reduction on packaged poultry parts. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Paudel, R., D.V. Bourassa, and S. Poudel. Assessing transcriptomic responses of Salmonella infantis in litter. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Raut, R., F. Rahman, D.V. Bourassa, and S. Poudel. Impact of Salmonella infantis inoculation on poultry litter microbiome. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Manjankattil, S., K.V. Casco Gomez, F.A. Contreras Zelaya, M. Hughes, J.C. Figueroa Sorto, M. Hayden, S. Cho, and D.V. Bourassa. Effect of using antimicrobials in ozonated water as a post chill dip against Salmonella on chicken meat. International Association of Food Protection. July 27-30, 2025. Cleveland, OH. Naeem, M., D.V. Bourassa, S.J. Rochell, S. Manjankattil, E. Burton, and A. Alkhtib. Impact of increased particle size of wheat on broiler performance, gastrointestinal development, nutrient utilization, and welfare. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Naeem, M., D.V. Bourassa, S.J. Rochell, S. Manjankattil, E. Burton, and A. Alkhtib. Impact of bulk density in broiler diets on performance, digestive organs, and litter composition. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Manjankattil, S., J. Wang, S. Poudel, M. Bailey, Y. Adhikari, K.V. Casco, S.J. Rochell and D.V. Bourassa. Effect of dietary fat sources on colonization and dissemination of Salmonella in broiler chickens. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Wang, J. B. Mallavarapu, P. Patil, D. Subedi, H. Thippareddi, A.K. Singh, D.V. Bourassa, and S. Poudel. A systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of organic acids to reduce Salmonella colonization in crop and ceca of broilers. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Casco, K.V., M.V. Baca, S. Poudel, R.J. Buhr, and D.V. Bourassa. Molecular characteristics of Salmonella spp. from retail broiler meat. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Poudel, S., F.A. Contreras Zelaya, E.G. Guzman, W.J. Pacheco, R. Hauck, D.V. Bourassa, and K.S. Macklin. Impact of organic acid supplementation on cecal microbiome of broiler chicks inoculated with Salmonella. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Adhikari, Y., D.V. Bourassa, S. Poudel, M. Bailey, R.J. Buhr, and K.S. Macklin. Antimicrobial resistance profiling of Salmonella recovered from environments of No-Antibiotics-Ever (NAE) and conventional broiler complexes. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Hughes, M., B. McCrea, K.V. Casco, J. Garcia, and D.V. Bourassa. Effects of duck breeds on egg functionality through fourteen days of egg storage. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Baca, M.V., A. McConnell, K.V. Casco, R.J. Buhr, and D.V. Bourassa. Prevalence of Salmonella and Campylobacter from retail poultry in Alabama. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. McConnell, A., S. Poudel, G. Bharathan, S. Srikumar, I. Rawson, R.J. Buhr, and D.V. Bourassa. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of Salmonella infantis following application of a photonic decontamination treatment. Poultry Science Association Latin American Scientific Conference. October 8-10, 2024. Iguazú Falls, Paraná, Brazil.   Invited Presentations: Bourassa, D.V. and B.A. McCrea. Egg science. Auburn Troop 34 Science and Technology Meeting, Trail Life USA. April 29, 2025. Auburn, AL. Bourassa, D.V. Careers in the poultry industry and Egg Science. Three Amigos Youth Girls Program. January 14, 2025. Bourassa, D.V. Formation of the Egg. National Egg Quality School. May 19-22, 2025. Greenville, SC. Bourassa, D.V. Egg Processing Plant Sanitation, SSOPs and GMPs. National Egg Quality School. May 19-22, 2025. Greenville, SC.   Extension Activities and Publications: Hughes, M. and D.V. Bourassa. Tips for enhancing egg quality and safety from washing to cooking. ACES ANR-3142. Bourassa, D.V. Improving product shelf life at the processing plant. WOGS Newsletter, Vol. 24, No 3. December 2024. Bourassa, D.V. Rapid screening methods for the detection of pathogens. WOGS Newsletter, Vol. 24, No 2. November 2024.   Dissertation and Thesis: Figueroa Sorto, Juan Carlos. M.S., Poultry Science, Auburn University, December 2024. Thesis: Isolation and Application of Salmonella infantis-Specific Bacteriophages from Poultry-Associated Samples to Chicken Wing Flats. McConnell, Abigail. M.S., Poultry Science, Auburn University, May 2025. Thesis: Evaluation of the effects of photonic decontamination on reduction of Salmonella and Campylobacter and a comparative transcriptomics analysis following its application on Salmonella infantis. Adhikari, Yagya. PhD, Poultry Science, Auburn University, December 2024. Dissertation: Isolation, Genomic Analyses and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiling of Salmonella and Campylobacter Isolated from Different Stages of No-Antibiotic-Ever (NAE) and Conventional Broiler Complexes.   Dr. Wilmer Pacheco   Peer-Reviewed Publications: Svihus, B., M. R. Abdollahi, K. G. S. Wamsley, W. J. Pacheco, H. Hetland. 2025. Structural architecture of pelleted broiler diets: A comprehensive narrative review of key factors for an optimized macro-and microstructure. Poultry Science. 104(9): 105478. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105478">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105478</a>. Brizuela, M. J., J. I. Vargas, I. C. Dias, J. P. Gulizia, E. G. Guzmán, J. R. Hernández, C. T. Simões, and W. J. Pacheco. 2025. Influence of local and reimported U.S. and South American corn sources on broiler performance, nutrient digestibility, and processing yield. Animals. 15(12): 1770. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15121770">https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15121770</a>. Gulizia, J. P., R. W. Tabish, J. I. Vargas, J. R. Hernandez, C. T. Simões, E. G. Guzman, S. J. Rochell, R. Hauck, M. A. Bailey, W. A. Dozier, K. W. McCafferty, and W. J. Pacheco. 2025. Response of broilers subjected to an enteric challenge and fed diets with varying limestone particle sizes and calcium concentrations–part 1: performance, tibia mineralization, and nutrient digestibility. Poultry Science. 104(8): 105385. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105385">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105385</a>. Gulizia, J. P., Z. Khalid, M. T. Terra-Long, W. J. Pacheco, J. I. Vargas, J. R. Hernandez, J. Krehling, K. Macklin, W. A. Dozier, III, K. W. McCafferty, and R. Hauck. 2025. Response of YPM x Ross 708 male broilers to diets containing varying inclusions of phytase, calcium butyrate, and bacitracin methylene disalicylate during the grower and finisher periods–part 2: intestinal health and physiology. Poultry Science. 104(3): 104862. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.104862">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.104862</a>. Vargas, J. I., Pacheco, W. J, Malcorra, L. A., Starkey, C. W., and Spencer, L. F. 2025. Evaluation of conditioning temperature and retention time in the hygieniser on Enterococcus faecium, vitamin stability, metabolizable energy, and amino acid digestibility. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 34(2): 100520. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2025.100520">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2025.100520</a>. Terra-Long, M. T., A. Pietruska, J. P. Gulizia, T. True, J. Butler, B. A. McCrea, W. J. Pacheco, D. V. Bourassa, and R. Hauck. 2025. Effect of supplementation with Artemisia absinthium or pumpkin seed powder on Ascaridia galli worm burdens, productivity, nutrient digestibility, and cytokine gene expression in laying hens. Avian Diseases. 69(1): 74-81. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-D-24-00052">https://doi.org/10.1637/aviandiseases-D-24-00052</a>. Vargas, J. I., A. D. McConnell, J. P. Gulizia, W. J. Pacheco, and K. M. Downs. 2025. Assessing feed color preference of broilers during the starter phase. Poultry. 4(1): 2. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry4010002">https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry4010002</a>. Gulizia, J. P., J. I. Vargas, S. M. Bonilla, J. R. Hernandez, L. M. Almeida, P. Soster, S. Thuekeaw, B. Hutson, S. Llamas-Moya, T. Duong, and W. J. Pacheco. 2024. Influence of diet nutrient density and a multicarbohydrase containing α-galactosidase on performance, carcass characteristics, breast myopathies, and nutrient utilization of broilers reared from 1 to 42 days of age. Poultry Science. 104(1): 104522. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104522">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104522</a>. Gulizia, J. P., M. T. Terra-Long, Z. Khalid, J. I. Vargas, S. M. Bonilla, J. R. Hernandez, S. Thuekeaw, R. Hauck, K. S. Macklin, W. A. Dozier, III, K. W. McCafferty, and W. J. Pacheco. 2024. Response of YPM x Ross 708 male broilers to diets containing varying inclusions of phytase, calcium butyrate, and bacitracin methylene disalicylate from 1 to 42 days of age–Part 1: Performance, processing yields, and nutrient digestibility. Poultry Science. 103(12): 104350. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104350">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104350</a>. Vargas, J. I., J. P. Gulizia, J. R. Hernandez, C. T. Simoes, E.G. Guzman, J. Lee, R. Adhikari, S. E. Han, and W. J. Pacheco. 2024. Dose response of xylanase enzyme on ileal viscosity, digestibility of nutrients, and performance of broiler chickens fed wheat-based diets. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 33(4): 100479. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2024.100479">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2024.100479</a>. Alfaro, G. F., V. Palombo, M. D’Andrea, W. Cao, Y. Zhang, J. Beever, R. B. Muntifering, W. J. Pacheco, S. P. Rodning, X. Wang, and S. J. Moisa. 2024. Hepatic transcript profiling in beef cattle: effects of feeding endophyte-infected tall fescue seeds. PLoS One. 19(7): e0306431. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306431">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306431</a>.   Peer-Reviewed Abstracts and Proceedings: Vargas, J. I., J. P. Gulizia, E. Guzman, E. Rosero, F. Valenzuela, and W. J. Pacheco. Effects of dietary reduction of metabolizable energy and amino acid density on the performance, carcass traits, and nutrient digestibility of broilers from 1 to 49 days. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Guzman, E. G., J. I. Vargas, J. P. Gulizia, J. R. Hernandez, J. Martinez, M. J. Brizuela, F. Contreras, K. Casco, A. Steele, M. A. Bailey, R. Hauck, D. V. Bourassa, K. S. Macklin, and W. J. Pacheco. Impact of litter treatment and organic acid supplementation via drinking water on Salmonella prevalence and growth performance in Salmonella-challenged broilers. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Urrutia, J. A., T. Boltz, H. Thames, W. J. Pacheco, K. Macklin, C. Magee, and K. G. Wamsley. Maximizing 27 to 35 d growth performance and processing metrics of broilers with and without a subclinical necrotic enteritis challenge through corn particle size and feed quality. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Tabish, R. W., Y. Lin, S. Rochell, W. J. Pacheco, M. A. Bailey, W. A. Dozier, K. W. McCafferty, and R. Hauck. Synergistic effects of soluble and insoluble fiber combinations on the jejunal and cecal microbiota of broilers with a subclinical enteric challenge. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Vargas, J. I., J. P. Gulizia, E. G. Guzman, E. Rosero, F. Valenzuela, J. C. Jespersen, C. D. Coufal, and W. J. Pacheco. Effect of sodium bisulfate inclusion on pellet durability index of broiler diets. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Guzman, E. G., J. I. Vargas, J. P. Gulizia, J. R. Hernandez, J. Martinez, M. J. Brizuela, M. A. Bailey, R. Hauck, D. V. Bourassa, K. S. Macklin, and W. J. Pacheco. Effect of organic acid supplementation on Salmonella prevalence and growth performance during a challenge model using male broilers. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Hernandez, J. R., J. P. Gulizia, J. I. Vargas, E. G. Guzman, S. J. Rochell, R. Hauck, and W. J. Pacheco. Effect of feed form, energy level, and conditioning temperature on broiler performance, feed wastage, and nutrient digestibility from 1 to 21 days of age.  International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Gulizia, J. P., R. W. Tabish, J. I. Vargas, J. R. Hernandez, C. T. Simões, E. G. Guzman, S. J. Rochell, R. Hauck, M. A. Bailey, W. A. Dozier, III, K. W. McCafferty, and W. J. Pacheco. Nutrient digestibility response of male broilers subjected to an enteric challenge and fed diets containing varying limestone particle sizes and calcium concentrations. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Tabish, R. W., J. P. Gulizia, J. I. Vargas, J. R. Hernandez, W. J. Pacheco, S. J. Rochell, M. A. Bailey, W. A. Dozier, K. W. McCafferty, and R. Hauck. Transcriptome analysis of the jejunal mucosa of broiler chickens with subclinical necrotic enteritis fed diets containing varying calcium concentrations and limestone particle sizes. Proceedings of the Sixty-Seventh Annual Meeting of the American Association of Avian Pathologists (AAAP). July 9-11, 2024. St. Louis, MO. p 25.   Invited Presentations: Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Enhancing feed quality with post-pellet liquid application technologies. SEC Sixth Feed Milling Training, MENA. Online. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. From mill to farm: streamlining load-out and feed delivery operations. SEC Sixth Feed Milling Training, MENA. Online. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. The power of communication: enhancing feed quality and poultry performance. SEC Sixth Feed Milling Training, MENA. Online. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Feed milling strategies to maximize poultry efficiency. Schothorst Feed Research Webinar. The Netherlands. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Importance of soy products in laying hens feeding. 1st USSEC short course in laying hens’ nutrition and feeding management. Ifrane, Morocco. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Principles of practical laying hens feed management. 1st USSEC short course in laying hens’ nutrition and feeding management. Ifrane, Morocco. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Effect of particle size on poultry performance and nutrient digestibility. SEC Fifth Feed Milling Training, MENA. Online. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Effect of pellet quality on poultry performance and nutrient digestibility. SEC Fifth Feed Milling Training, MENA. Online. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Moisture balance during feed processing. SEC Fifth Feed Milling Training, MENA. Online. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Workshop: Process optimization in feed mills. United States Grains Council. Lima, Peru. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Module 3: Batching and mixing operations. USSEC Feed manufacturing training, Lima, Peru. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Module 5: Feed conditioning and pelleting operations. USSEC Feed manufacturing training, Lima, Peru. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Module 6: Pellet cooling and crumbling. USSEC Feed manufacturing training, Lima, Peru. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Module 7: Grinding and particle size reduction operations. USSEC Feed manufacturing training, Lima, Peru. Pacheco, W. J. 2024. Feed mill design. USSEC Feed manufacturing training, Lima, Peru. Pacheco, W. J. 2024. Practical exercise: feed mill design. USSEC Feed manufacturing training, Lima, Peru. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Feed milling opportunities. Alabama Feed and Grain Nutrition Seminar, Huntsville, AL. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Feed mills – check list to consider during a feed mill visit. SEC Forth Feed Milling Training, MENA. Online. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Understanding feed ingredients used in feed manufacturing. SEC Forth Feed Milling Training, MENA. Online. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Testing soybean meal quality: methods and best practices. SEC Forth Feed Milling Training, MENA. Online. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Optimizing feed quality and safety: Key strategies for swine nutrition and feed milling operations. Novus Swine Nutrition Forum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Optimizing poultry performance through feed structure. Feed Mill Manager Seminar, Nashville, TN. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Four seasons at the feed mill: adjusting equipment and processes for consistent year-round feed quality. Rendez-vous des meuniers – Aqinac. Drummondville, Quebec, Canada. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Backyard poultry production – general nutrition and mixing your own feed. Connect Extension Webinar. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Critical points in feed mills. Aviagen Training Conference – Latin America (ATC-LA). Panama City, Panama. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Feed conditioning and pelleting: key techniques for sustainable animal feed production. SEC Third Feed Milling Training, MENA. Online. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Feed cooling: key to enhancing pellet durability and performance. SEC Third Feed Milling Training, MENA. Online. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Maximizing efficiency in feed milling: setting paddles in the conditioner and avoiding common mistakes. SEC Third Feed Milling Training, MENA. Online. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Importance of soy products in broiler feeding. 1st USSEC Maghreb SEC on broiler nutrition and feeding management. Rabat, Morrocco. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Principles of practical broiler feed management at the feed mill and at the farm. 1st USSEC Maghreb SEC on broiler nutrition and feeding management. Rabat, Morrocco. Giambrone J., Pacheco, W. J., and D. Brothers. 2025. The history of our societies and the U.S. broiler industry. Internation Poultry Scientific Forum. Atlanta, GA. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Particle size management in concentrated feeds. Latin American Poultry Summit. Atlanta, GA. Pacheco, W. J. 2025. Advances in feed milling, feed milling efficiency, and improvements that prioritize pellet quality. Feed mill master class. Anitox headquarters, Lawrenceville, GA.   Extension Activities and Publications: Pacheco, W. J., Fahrenholz, A. C., and C. R. Stark. 2024. Importance of compressed air in feed mills. Feedstuffs Magazine. <a href="https://informamarkets.turtl.co/story/feedstuffs-august-2024/page/11">https://informamarkets.turtl.co/story/feedstuffs-august-2024/page/11</a>.   Dissertation and Thesis: Gulizia, Joseph. PhD, Poultry Science, Auburn University, May 2025. Dissertation: The impact of feed additives and calcium concentration and source on broiler performance, nutrient utilization, and intestinal health under different disease states. <a href="https://etd.auburn.edu/handle/10415/9767">https://etd.auburn.edu//handle/10415/9767</a>.   Arkansas: University of Arkansas   Drs. Yi Liang, Shawna Weimer, and Sara Orlowski-Workman   Peer-Reviewed Publications: Weaver, A. D., L. R. Bielke, R. D. Malheiros, S. K. Orlowski and A. N. Pullin. 2025. The effect of feed and water provision strategies on broiler breeder pullet performance and welfare. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 12. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1611967.   Conference Papers, Posters, and Presentations: Whittle, R., C. Pennicott, A. Perretti, V. Oyeniran, J. Cherry, and S. Weimer. Effect of dietary tryptophan and photoperiod on the fear responses of broilers during the open field test. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. (poster). Weaver, A. D., L. R. Bielke, R. D. Malheiros, S. K. Orlowski and A. N. Pullin. The effect of feed and water provision strategies on broiler breeder pullet drinking behavior. International Society for Applied Ethology. August 4-8, 2025. Utrecht, The Netherlands. (poster). Weaver, A. D., S. K. Orlowski, L. Bielke, R. D. Malherios, and A. N. Pullin. Validating RFID technology to identify broiler breeder pullets with high and low water use. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. (oral).   Delaware: University of Delaware   Dr. Hong Li Moore, P., Anderson, K., Martin, J., Li, H., Purswell, J. (Under review). Development and Testing of an Indoor Air Scrubber for Removing Ammonia, Dust, and Pathogens from Air Within Poultry Houses. Submitted to J. Appl. Poultry Research in May 2025. Li, H., G. Rollo, 2024. Effects of a water treatment system on broiler performances and environment. PSA 2024 Annual Meeting. Meeting abstract number: 353 pH Matters: Convenient application and better performance makes PLT® the leading choice. URL: <a href="https://joneshamiltonag.com/wp-content/uploads/PLT-Early-Application-one-pager-WEB-101124.pdf">https://joneshamiltonag.com/wp-content/uploads/PLT-Early-Application-one-pager-WEB-101124.pdf</a>   Hawaii: University of Hawaii   Dr. Rajesh Jha   Peer-Reviewed Publications: Stoehr, N., J. G. Brettschneider, L. Schneider, J. Stracke, R. Jha, and G. Dusel. Live black soldier fly larvae as a substitute for soybean meal and oil in free range laying hens’ diet– effects on laying performance and egg quality parameters. Proceedings of BOKU-Symposium. February 27, 2025. Vienna, Austria. p 124-126. <a href="https://gms.ctahr.hawaii.edu/gs/handler/getmedia.ashx?moid=73691&dt=3&g=12">https://gms.ctahr.hawaii.edu/gs/handler/getmedia.ashx?moid=73691&dt=3&g=12</a>. Ye, X., Y. Yang, Q. Yao, M. Huang, B. Balasubramanian, R. Jha, and W.-C. Liu. 2025. The ameliorative role of phlorotannin on aflatoxin B1-induced liver oxidative stress and mitochondrial injury is related to the activation of Nrf2 and Nrf1 signaling pathways in broilers. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology. 16:75. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01210-z">https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01210-z</a>. Zhao, Z.-X., Y.-M. Yuan, Z.-H. Zhao, Q.-H Yao, X.-Q. Ye, Y.-Y. Wang, H.-M. Liu, R. Jha, B. Balasubramanian, and W.-C. Liu. 2024. Phlorotannin alleviates liver injury by regulating redox balance, apoptosis, and ferroptosis of broilers under heat stress. Antioxidants. 13(9): 1048. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13091048">https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13091048</a>.   Peer-Reviewed Abstracts and Proceedings: Stoehr, N., F. Geisel, J. G. Brettschneider, L. Schneider, C. K. Weiss, R. Jha, and G. Dusel. Feeding Live Black Soldier Fly Larvae: Effects on Growth Performance and Fatty Acid Profile in Muscle and Liver of Broiler Chickens. 24th European Symposium on Poultry Nutrition. June 23-26, 2025. Maastricht, The Netherlands. (Poster). Stoehr, N., J. G. Brettschneider, L. Schneider, J. Stracke, R. Jha, and G. Dusel. Feeding Live Black Soldier Fly Larvae: Impacts on Laying Performance and Egg Quality of Free-Range Lohmann Brown Hens. 24th European Symposium on Poultry Nutrition. June 23-26, 2025. Maastricht, The Netherlands. (Poster). Stoehr, N., J. G. Brettschneider, L. Schneider, J. Stracke, R. Jha, and G. Dusel. Live black soldier fly larvae as a substitute for soybean meal and oil in free range laying hens’ diet– effects on laying performance and egg quality parameters. BOKU-Symposium. February 27, 2025. Vienna, Austria. (Poster). Mishra, P., B. Mishra, and R. Jha. Dietary supplementation of microalgae and xylanase influences nutrient transporter and tight junction gene expression in broiler chickens. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA, USA. (Poster).   Invited Presentations: Jha, R. Sustainable pig and poultry production: Issues and opportunities. Konkuk University. October 26, 2024. Seoul, South Korea.   Dr. Birendra Mishra   Peer-Reviewed Publications Amaz S, Chaudhary A, Mahato P, Jha R, Mishra B. 2025. Pre-hatch thermal manipulation of embryos and post-hatch baicalein supplementation enhanced immune functions in broiler chickens. (Accepted to Frontiers in Veterinary Science). Amaz S, Wasti S, Chaudhary A, Adnan M, Jha R, Mishra B. 2025. Dried plum supplementation increased liver antioxidant capacity, metabolism, and epigenetic markers in broiler chickens under heat stress. Poultry Science. 104(4): 104911. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.104911">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.104911</a>. Amaz S, Chaudhary A, Mahato P, Jha R, Mishra B. 2024. Pre-hatch thermal manipulation of embryos and post-hatch baicalein supplementation increased liver metabolism and muscle proliferation in broiler chickens. Poultry Science. 103(11): 104155. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104155">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104155</a>.   Peer-Reviewed Abstracts and Proceedings: Amaz S, Poudel S, Jha R, and Mishra B. Embryonic thermal manipulation improved gut-brain axis coordination (appetite and taste) with or without heat stress in broiler chickens. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA, USA. (Poster presentation) Mahato P, Khadka V, Macklin K, Jha R, and Mishra B. Transcriptional regulation of albumen biosynthesis in the magnum of broiler breeder hens. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA, USA. (Poster presentation) Amaz S, Poudel S, Jha R, and Mishra B. Early thermal programming and post-hatch baicalein supplementation enhanced immune response in broiler chickens. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA, USA. (Poster presentation)   Georgia: University of Georgia Peer-Reviewed Publications: Asali, E., Li, G., Chen, C., Olukosi, O. A., Oluseyifunmi, I., Abaunza, N. M., ... & Banakar, A. (2025). Integration and evaluation of a low-cost intelligent system and its parameters for monitoring three-dimensional features of broiler chickens. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 237, 110553. Saeidifar M, Li G, Ramaswamy LM, Chen C, Asali E. AnimalAI: An Open-Source Web Platform for Automated Animal Activity Index Calculation Using Interactive Deep Learning Segmentation. Animals. 2025 Aug 3;15(15):2269. Oso OM, Mejia-Abaunza N, Bodempudi VU, Chen X, Chen C, Aggrey SE, Li G. Automatic analysis of high, medium, and low activities of broilers with heat stress operations via image processing and machine learning. Poultry Science. 2025 Apr 1;104(4):104954. Fudge C, Wedegaertner O, Cupo K, Lowery J, Walker L, Edens F, Chen C. Oral inoculation of turkeys with in vitro cultured Histomonas meleagridis in cecal contents results in histomonosis. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 2025 Jun 6:100560. Lowery J, Chadwick E, Chen C, Beckstead R, Walker L. Cochlosoma anatis in Poultry and its Industry Impact. Avian Diseases. 2024 Sep 1;68(3):169-74. Mohammadilalabadi, H., Li, G., Liu, T., Chen, C., Saeidifar, M., Bodempudi, V., . . . Mandiga, A. (2025). Predicting gait scores of individual broilers in later phases of production based on spatial and temporal kinematic features in early stages. International Poultry Scientific Forum. Kota, S., Li, G., Liu, T., & Chen, C. (2025). Enhanced Deep Learning Approaches for Reliable Tracking of Broilers in Dense Group Settings. International Poultry Scientific Forum. Saeidifar, M., Li, G., Chen, C., Liu, T., Asali, E., & Bodempudi, V. (2025). Predicting Footpad Condition and Leg Health in Broiler Chickens Using Recurrent All Pairs Field Transforms for Optical Flow and Advanced Segmentation Models. International Poultry Scientific Forum. Saeidifar, M., Li, G., Ramaswamy, L., Chen, C., Liu, T., Asali, E., & Bodempudi, V. (2025). A User-Friendly Deep Learning-based Platform for Monitoring Animal Activity Index. International Poultry Scientific Forum. Lorentz, B., C. Robison and P. Regmi. 2024. RFID-based characterization of space utilization and social structure of laying hens in a multi-tier aviary system. In Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. Louiville, KY     Kentucky: University of Kentucky   Dr. Sunday Adedokun   Peer-Reviewed Publications: Bauer, M. M., T. Ao, J. P. Jacob, M. J. Ford, A. J. Pescatore, R. F. Power, and S. A. Adedokun. 2025. Performance, energy, and nutrient utilization benefits with exogenous enzyme supplementation of wheat-soybean meal-based diets fed to 22-day-old broiler chickens. Poultry Science. 104(5): 105039. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105039">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105039</a>.    Kpodo, K. R., D. J. Milliken, P. M. Campos, M. Proszkowiec-Weglarz, M. D. Lindemann, and S. A. Adedokun. 2025. Modulating effects of mycotoxin and oxidized oil on intestinal microbiota in broiler chickens. PLoS One. 20(3): e0314821. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0314821">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0314821</a>. Adedokun, S. A., A. Dunaway, and R. Adefioye. 2025. Coccidia vaccine challenge and exogenous enzyme supplementation in broiler chicken 2—Effect on apparent ileal nutrient and energy digestibility and intestinal morphology 7 and 14 days post-challenge. Animals. 15(3): 401. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15030401">https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15030401</a>. Haetinger, V. S., J. Y. Sung, S. A. Adedokun, W. A. Dozier, C. M. Parsons, M. Rodehutscord, and O. Adeola. 2024. Ileal phosphorus digestibility of soybean meal for broiler chickens remains consistent across institutions in a collaborative study regardless of non-phytate phosphorus concentration in the pre-experimental starter diet. Poultry Science. 103(5): 103602. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.103602">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.103602</a>.   Maryland: University of Maryland   Dr. Jonathan Moyle   Peer-Reviewed Publications: McMillian, Z., Moyle, J., Martin, G., Magnaterra, A., Snyder, A., Weimer, S. 2025. Effects of Circulation Fans on Broiler Welfare Indicators in Commercial Houses During Cold Seasons. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/10888705.2025.2464560">https://doi.org/10.1080/10888705.2025.2464560</a>.     Conference Papers, Posters, and Presentations: Che, S., Goeringer, P., Ghanem, M., Rhodes, J., Perdue, M., Moyle, J. Assessing evolving challenges and educational needs in commercial and backyard poultry management. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. (poster). Mitchell, R., Moyle, J., Che, S. Leveraging AI-driven sentiment analysis and natural language processing to inform extension efforts in the poultry industry. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. (poster). Moyle, J. Manejo de reproductoras. Conservación del huevo embrionado [Breeder Management - Egg Pack]. Decimoséptimo Congreso Internacional AVEM 2025, Aviespecialistas de México (AVEM). March 25-27, 2025. Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. (oral). Moyle, J. Uso de ventiladores de circulación de aire para mejorar el bienestar de las aves [Using Circulation Fans to Improve Bird Welfare]. Decimoséptimo Congreso Internacional AVEM 2025, Aviespecialistas de México (AVEM). March 25-27, 2025. Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. (oral).   Invited Presentations: Moyle, J. (2024) Windrowing Litter. Allen-Harim Grower Meetings, Allen-Harim. Notes & Annotations: 3 talks at three different meetings   Extension Activities and Publications: Held multiple grower meetings to discuss how using circulation fans can improve bird welfare as well as other newer management techniques. Hirsh, S., Sater, H., Moyle, J. (2025). Growing giant miscanthus on marginal land. Agronomy News, University of Maryland Extension.   Other Publications: Tabler, T., Moyle, J., Chibanga, J., Maharjan, P., Smith, J., Thornton, T., Moon, J., Christensen, T. (2024). Raising Backyard Chickens: 10 Things to Do That No One Ever Tells You. University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture.   Michigan: Michigan State University   Drs. Janice Siegford, Daniel Morris, Francine Czerniawski, and Mayra Tsoi Peer-Reviewed Publications Toscano MJ, Jalali AS, Siegford JM, and Stratmann A. 2024. Providing ramps during lay has larger impacts on laying hens than ramps at rearing. Poultry Science, 103(10), p.104101. Tsoi MF, Zyskowski J, Robison C, Dirikolu L, and Buchweitz JP. Toxicokinetics of Imidacloprid and Its Metabolites in Laying Hens and Its Potential Impact on Food Safety. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry Article ASAP DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c08378   Peer-Reviewed Abstracts and Proceedings Long Y, Siegford JM, Morris D. 2024. Automatic detection of piling in poultry. Proceedings of the 2024 ASABE Annual International Meeting, Anaheim, California. (poster) Morris D, Long Y, Ali A,. Siegford J. 2024. LED Arrays to reduce Poultry Piling” in European Conference on Precision Livestock Farming, Sep 2024. Stratmann A, Jalali A, Siegford JM, Toscano MJ. 2024. Long-term effects of ramps provided during rearing and laying phases in laying hens. Proceedings of the XVI European Poultry Conference 2024, Valencia, Spain. (talk)   Conference Papers, Posters, and Presentations Ma X, Bongiorno V, Jacobs J, Swanson J, Widowski T, Siegford J. 2025. Play in cage-free laying hens: The impact of age and aviary design. 2025 North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology. (poster) Baugh K, Siegford J. 2025. Design and implementation of individual fear tests for cage-free laying hens. 2025 North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology. (poster) Ellis S, Caston L, Harlander A, Penney M, Sandilands V, Siegford J, Widowski T. 2025. A ramp-to-roost journey: Does keel bone damage or footpad health affect the use of ramps to access elevated structures in older laying hens? 2025 North American Regional Meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology. (talk) Tsoi M. 2025. The potential impact of imidacloprid and its metabolites on food safety: a toxicokinetic study in laying hens (oral presentation). Annual AAAP meeting 07/2025 in Portland, OR   Invited Presentations Morris D. 2024. Automated Interventions for Poultry. Invited seminar for Department of Animal, Michigan State University   Extension Activities and Publications Siegford J. 2025. Productivity, floor eggs, mortality, behavior and welfare across two cage-free aviary styles. Invited speaker for Layer Breakout Session. Michigan Allied Poultry Industry Winter Poultry Seminar, Hudsonville, MI, February 27, 2025 Siegford J. 2025. Monitoring and managing laying hens using technology. Talk for Poultry Extension Collaborative Virtual Symposium, May 2025. 58 attendees         Minnesota: University of Minnesota   Dr. Anup Kollanoor Johny Peer-Reviewed Publications: Peichel, C., Nair, D., Manjankattil, S., Reed, K., Cox, R. B., Donoghue, A., and A Kollanoor Johny. 2025. Effect of trans-cinnamaldehyde and peracetic acid alone or in combination on multidrug-resistant Salmonella Heidelberg on broiler drumsticks under scalding alone or with chilling and storage in sequence. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 34, 100508. <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617124001065">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617124001065</a>    Grace Dewi, Anup Kollanoor Johny, Ranjith Ramanathan. 2025. Cecal Metabolome Profiles of Turkey Poults in Response to Salmonella Heidelberg Challenge with or without Turkey-Derived Lactobacillus Probiotic and Trans-Cinnamaldehyde. Animals 15: 10.3390/ani15142016.  <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15142016">https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15142016</a> Shijinaraj Manjankattil, Grace Dewi, Claire Peichel, Medora Creek, Peter Bina, Kay Lerohl, Kerem Deniz, Luna Akhtar, Rober Porter Jr., Sally Noll, and Anup Kollanoor Johny. 2024. Dairy-origin Propionibacterium freudenreichii, turkey-origin Lactobacillus salivarius, and a Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine elicit comparable colonization resistance on drug-resistant Salmonella serotype cocktail (S. Reading, S. Agona, and S. Saintpaul) in commercial turkeys after experimental challenge. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 100428    <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617124000278">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056617124000278</a> <ol start="2024"> <li>Dewi, S. Manjankattil, C. Peichel, T. J. Johnson, S. Noll, C. Cardona, A. Kollanoor Johny. 2024. Combination of autochthonous Lactobacillus strains and trans-Cinnamaldehyde in water reduces Salmonella Heidelberg in turkey poults Front. Microbiol. 15, 1337428. <a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1337428/full">https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1337428/full</a></li> </ol> Grace Dewi, Chery Smith, Wayne Martin, Kumar Venkitanarayanan, Anup Kollanoor Johny. Focus Groups Exploring American Consumer Perspectives on Contemporary Poultry Production Reveal Critical Insights to Educate Sustainable Practices for Producers. Front. Sust. Food Sys. 8:1416167 <a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-food-systems/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2024.1416167/full">https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-food-systems/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2024.1416167/full</a>   Conference Papers, Posters, and Presentations: Prabhakaran, D. M., Nair, D. V. T., A. Kollanoor Johny. 2024. Shotgun metagenomics reveals an abundance of tetracycline and aminoglycoside resistomes in turkey ceca in a drug-resistant Salmonella challenge-intervention model. IFT Annual Proceedings, 2024 IFT annual meeting, Illinois, Chicago. <ol start="2024"> <li>M. Prabhakaran, and A. Kollanoor Johny. 2024. Towards One Health Driven Sustainable Food Animal Production. Proceedings of the International Training Conference on “Sustainable Food Safety through Livestock Production: A One Health Approach” organized by the National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India (Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India), and Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad, Kerala State, India.</li> </ol> Invited Presentations: <ol start="2025"> <li>Kollanoor Johny. 2025. Breaking down the barriers and developing communication channels between consumers and producers for poultry sustainability - A US perspective. US-Mexico Sustainability Symposium, ANECA conference, Guadalajara, Mexico.</li> <li>Kollanoor Johny. 2025. Understanding Consumer Perspectives on Poultry Production: Insights into Guide Sustainable Practices for Producers. USDA SAS PD’s meeting, Minnesota Update.</li> <li>Kollanoor Johny. 2024. 85th Minnesota Nutrition Conference, Microbial Interference Strategies for Sustainable Poultry Production, University of Minnesota, Mankato, Minnesota, United States.</li> </ol> <h2> </h2> Extension Activities and Publications <ol start="2024"> <li>Kollanoor Johny. 2024. Towards One Health Driven Sustainable Food Animal Production. International Training Conference on “Sustainable Food Safety through Livestock Production: A One Health Approach” organized by the National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India (Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India), and Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad, Kerala State, India.</li> <li>Kollanoor Johny. 2024. Alternatives to Antibiotics and Sustainable Poultry Production. International Webinar by the Poultry Health Consultancy Committee, Poultry Professionals Society. Pakistan.</li> </ol>   Dissertation and Thesis Prabhakaran, D. M. 2024. Exploring the mechanism of anti-Salmonella approaches in poultry using in vitro, in vivo, and metagenomics approaches. M.S. thesis submitted to the Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota graduate program.   Mississippi: Mississippi State University   Dr. Pratima Adhikari   Peer-Reviewed Publications: Poudel, I., A. Calvert, A. S. Kiess, L. Zhang, and P. Adhikari. 2025. Effect of a Bacillus-based probiotic on fecal shedding and cecal colonization of Salmonella Enteritidis in laying hens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 34(2): 100532. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2025.100532">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2025.100532</a>.    Rodewald, E. K., B. C. Jasek, L. Zhang, S. A. Roberts, C. Bortoluzzi, P. Adhikari. 2025. Role of a precision-biotic fed to Dekalb White laying hens at peak production. Animals. 15(14): 2095. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15142095">https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15142095</a>.   Jia, L., M.A, Arick, Chu-Tu Hsu, D. G. Petersen, J. D. Evans, K. Robinson, P. Adhikari and L. Zhang. 2024. Complete genome sequences of two avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from broilers exhibiting colibacillosis in Mississippi. Microbiology Resource Announcements. 13(6): e01020-23. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1128/mra.01020-23">https://doi.org/10.1128/mra.01020-23</a>. Waters, C., K. Wamsley, C. Wyatt, M. Bedford, M. Elliot and P. Adhikari. Roles of limestone particle size ratios and phytase levels to support late-lay single-cycled laying hens (60-80 weeks of age) with a focus on production and performance. Poultry Science. Under revision.  Ovi, F., L. Zhang, L. Jia, K. Robinson, C. Magee, J. Evans, D. Cosby, D. Wilson, P. Adhikari. Intra-tracheal infection model to evaluate the effects of virulence genotypes of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in layer pullets. Journal of Applied Microbiology. Under preparation. Poudel, I., L. Zhang and P. Adhikari. Characterizing microbiome population in Salmonella vaccinated and unvaccinated laying hens. Under preparation. Ovi, F., I. Poudel, T. Lavergne, P. Adhikari. Evaluating the effects of organic acid blends on mitigating colonization and fecal shedding of Salmonella Enteritidis in laying hens. Journal of Applied Microbiology. Under preparation.   Conference Papers, Posters, and Presentations: Waters, C., R. Adhikari, J. Lee, D. Paneru, W. K. Kim, R. Kriseldi, M. Elliot, L. Zhang, K. Wamsley, and P. Adhikari. Understanding the branched-chain amino acid interactions on bone morphology of pullets (6-12 weeks of age). International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Oral. Cribillero, N. G., C. Wyatt, K. G. Wamsley, T. Boltz, L. Zhang, K. McCafferty, and P. Adhikari. Impact of almond hulls and a xylanase-cellulase enzyme on cecal microbiota in Lohmann LSL-Lite pullets and laying hens. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Oral. Guardado, Carlos A., F. K. Ovi, T. Lavergne, C. Elrod and P. Adhikari. Use of a yeast blend product to mitigate Salmonella Enteritidis in laying hens. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Poster. Guardado, Carlos A., F. K. Ovi, T. Lavergne, C. Elrod and P. Adhikari. Use of an all-natural, organic certified, yeast blend product to mitigate Salmonella Enteritidis in laying hens. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Poster. Waters, C., R. Adhikari, J. Lee, D. Paneru, W. K. Kim, R. Kriseldi, M. Elliot, L. Zhang, K. Wamsley, and P. Adhikari. Understanding the branched-chain amino acid interactions on bone morphology of pullets at 18 weeks of age. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Poster. Adhikari, P., E. von Heimendahl, A. O. Sokale and A. Barri. Effects of supplemental dietary fatty acid monoglycerides on the performance and jejunal gene expression in coccidiosis-vaccinated W-36-layer pullets. European Symposium on Poultry Nutrition. June 23-26, 2025. Maastricht, The Netherlands. Poster.   Invited Presentations: Adhikari, P. Salmonella and egg. National Egg Quality School. May 19-23, 2025. Greenville, SC. Adhikari, P. Iowa Limestone Resources Research (ILC) podcast. January 8, 2025. Adhikari, P. USSEC live Q&A session webinar on laying hen and pullet feeding. US Soy Excellence Center. December 6, 2024.   Dissertation and Thesis: Cribillero, N. G. May 2025. Dissertation Title: Impact of exogenous enzyme supplementation on performance parameters, intestinal health, and the economic returns in pullet and laying hens fed alternative feed ingredients. Rodewald, E. K. May 2024. Thesis title: Role of a precision biotic and a protease fed alone and in combination to Dekalb White laying hens at peak production phase.   Other (Podcasts): Adhikari, P. (Host), and I. Poudel (Guest). “Feed additives and Salmonella.” The Poultry Nutrition Blackbelt. July 15, 2024. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LdLXJok3e38&list=PLUd0Fonx275j6F7oMLoHjOYa631M4Xr3y&index=23">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LdLXJok3e38&list=PLUd0Fonx275j6F7oMLoHjOYa631M4Xr3y&index=23</a> Adhikari, P. (Host), and E. Montiel (Guest). “Feed quality and biosecurity.” The Poultry Nutrition Blackbelt. August 9, 2024. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mIDgNLoJprY&list=PLUd0Fonx275j6F7oMLoHjOYa631M4Xr3y&index=17">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mIDgNLoJprY&list=PLUd0Fonx275j6F7oMLoHjOYa631M4Xr3y&index=17</a> Adhikari, P. (Host), and Y. Bajgain (Guest). “Microbiota and Poultry Immunity.” The Poultry Nutrition Blackbelt. October 7, 2024. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NMA-fjhyxA&list=PLUd0Fonx275j6F7oMLoHjOYa631M4Xr3y&index=12">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NMA-fjhyxA&list=PLUd0Fonx275j6F7oMLoHjOYa631M4Xr3y&index=12</a> Adhikari, P. (Host), and G. Archer (Guest). “Feed additives and welfare.” The Poultry Nutrition Blackbelt. November 18, 2024.  <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hHR3pa8uRTA&list=PLUd0Fonx275j6F7oMLoHjOYa631M4Xr3y&index=6">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hHR3pa8uRTA&list=PLUd0Fonx275j6F7oMLoHjOYa631M4Xr3y&index=6</a> Adhikari, P. (Host), and B. Dozier (Guest). “Career Growth in Poultry Nutrition.” The Poultry Nutrition Blackbelt. December 10, 2024. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7qXsl6M1E8&list=PLUd0Fonx275j6F7oMLoHjOYa631M4Xr3y&index=2">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7qXsl6M1E8&list=PLUd0Fonx275j6F7oMLoHjOYa631M4Xr3y&index=2</a>   Dr. Timothy Boltz   Peer-Reviewed Publications: Carroll, M., P. Adhikari, K. G. Wamsley, C. Shen, and T. P. Boltz. 2025. Modeling the thermal inactivation of non-pathogenic and avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in broiler mash feed with high initial moisture content using a lab-based circulating water bath. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 100584. In press, pre-proof available. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2025.100584">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2025.100584</a>. Ayres, V. E., T. P. Boltz, K. M. Bowen, S. Grushecky, J. Wang, and J. S. Moritz. 2025. Applied Research Note: Heating system and feed additive effects on foot pad quality, broiler performance, and immune status. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 34(3): 100557. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2025.100557">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2025.100557</a>. Coe, C., X. Wang, E. Rowen, R. Stearns, J. Katz, T. P. Boltz, M. S. I. Rion, C. Long, G. Freshour, J. Jaczynski, K. Matak, A. Freshour, Y. Luo, and C. Shen. 2025. Applying Microbial Predictive and Machine Learning Model Data to Evaluate Thermal Inactivation of Salmonella and the Surrogate Enterococcus faecium in Reconstructed Ground Chicken Meat Affected by Temperature and Salt Concentrations. Poultry Science. 104(9): 105422. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105422">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105422</a>. Rion, M. S. I., C. Coe, J. Katz, G. Freshour, C. Long, K. Matak, A. Freshour, J. Jaczynski, T. P. Boltz, X. Tang, and C. Shen. 2025. Survival of Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Their Potential Surrogates on Cantaloupes after Triple-Washing with Hydrogen Peroxide-Peroxyacetic Acid Mixture. LWT - Food Science and Technology. 224: 117821. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2025.117821">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2025.117821</a>. Coe, C., T. P. Boltz, E. Rowen, J. S. Moritz, G. Freshour, M. S. I. Rion, C. Long, L. Knarr, K. Bowen, J. Jaczynski, K. Matak, A. Freshour, and C. Shen. 2025. Thermal Inactivation of Salmonella Surrogate, Enterococcus faecium, in Mash Broiler Feed Pelleted in A University Pilot Feed Mill. Poultry Science. 104(5): 104998. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.104998">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.104998</a>.   Peer-Reviewed Abstracts and Proceedings: Coe, C., T. P. Boltz, E. Rowen, J. S. Moritz, G. Freshour, M. S. I. Rion, C. Long, L. Knarr, K. Bowen, J. Jaczynski, K. Matak, A. Freshour, and C. Shen. 2025. Modeling of the Thermal Inactivation of Salmonella Surrogate, Enterococcus faecium, in Mash Broiler Feed Pelleted in A University Pilot Feed Mill. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. (Abstract 40). Long, C. G., C. Coe, T. P. Boltz, and C. Shen. 2025. Assess West Virginia very small poultry producers’ knowledge of applying mobile poultry processing unit and Evaluate Vinegar Water Against Salmonella Typhimurium, Campylobacter jejuni, and surrogate bacteria Enterococcus faecium during Chilling of Chicken Carcasses. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. (Abstract 83). Magee, E. and T. P. Boltz. Evaluating the Impact of Inulin Inclusion on 21 Day Broiler Performance. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. (Abstract 464P). Grant, T., E. Magee, M. Carroll, and T. P. Boltz. 2025. Evaluation of Formaldehyde and Glycerol Monolaurate Product at Two Inclusions on the Reduction of Salmonella and Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli in Mash Broiler Feed. Mississippi State University Spring 2025 Undergraduate Research Symposium. April 9-10, 2025. Starkville, MS. (Abstract P114). Grisham, W. C., E. Magee, L. Muñoz, T. Cummings, K. Cookson, P. Stayer, and T. P. Boltz. Evaluating the impact of a tannin-based feed additive on bird performance and commercial Salmonella vaccine recovery in four-day-old broiler chicks. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. (Abstract P299). Magee, E., J. Sands, and T. P. Boltz. Evaluating the effect of feed sanitizer products on feed mill equipment and its impact on feed microbial reduction. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. (Abstract M89).   Invited Presentations: Boltz, T. P., and K. Macklin. 2025. Pre-harvest Salmonella control. Mississippi Poultry Association, Inc. Management School. Mississippi State University. May 19-20, 2025. Starkville, MS.   Dr. Kenneth S. Macklin   Peer-Reviewed Publications: Pietruska, A., K.S. Macklin, X. Wang, J.T. Krehling, T. Dormitorio, R. Hauck. 2025. Investigation of intestinal health in broiler chickens following Salmonella Typhimurium and coccidiosis vaccination and challenge with Salmonella Typhimurium. The Journal of Poultry Science. 62: 2025009. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.2025009">https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.2025009</a>. Adhikari, Y., M.A. Bailey, D.V. Bourassa, S. Poudel, R.J. Buhr, K.S. Macklin. 2025. A longitudinal study on Campylobacter spp. in an integrated broiler complex in the southeast region of the United States: prevalence and phylogenetic analysis. Journal of Food Protection. 88 (1): 100420. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100420">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100420</a>. Adhikari, Y., D.V. Bourassa, S. Poudel, M.A. Bailey, R.J. Buhr, K.S. Macklin. 2025. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella strains isolated from both No-Antibiotics-Ever (NAE) and conventional broiler complexes. Poultry Science. 104 (3): 104855. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.104855">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.104855</a>. Adhikari, Y., M.A. Bailey, S. Kitchens, P. Gaonkar, L.R. Muñoz, S.B. Price, D.V. Bourassa, L. Huber, R.J. Buhr, K.S. Macklin. 2025. Whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of Salmonella isolated from pullets through final raw product in the processing plant of a conventional broiler complex: a longitudinal study. Microbiology Spectrum. 13 (2): e02090-24. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02090-24">https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02090-24</a>. Morris, C.A., D. Neves, M. Carroll, J. Moon, L. Orellana, R. Burin, C. Morris, A. Jasek and K.S. Macklin. 2024. Impact of trace mineral supplementation and translucency score on eggshell quality, hatchability, fertility and chick quality. Poultry Science. 104 (1): 104400. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104400">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104400</a>. Poudel, S., D. Pokhrel, X. Zhang, A.T. Sukumaran, P. Adhikari, A.S. Kiess, K.S. Macklin, and L. Zhang. 2024. Campylobacter jejuni from no antibiotics ever (NAE) broilers: prevalence, antibiotic resistance and virulence gene analysis. Poultry Science. 103 (12): 104380. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104380">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104380</a>.   Peer-Reviewed Abstracts and Proceedings: Morris, C.A. L. Orellana, H.N. Nabors, C.A. Waters, P. Adhikari, K. Macklin. 2025. Changes in Eggshell Translucency and Its Relationship with Egg Quality During 28 Days of Cold Storage. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Guzman, E.G., J.I. Vargas, J.P. Gulizia, J.R. Hernandez, J. Martinez, M.J. Brizuela, F. Contreras, K. Casco, A. Steele, M.A. Bailey, R. Hauck, D.V. Bourassa, K.S. Macklin, W.J. Pacheco. Impact of litter treatment and organic acid supplementation via drinking water on Salmonella prevalence and growth performance in Salmonella-challenged broilers. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC Orellana, L.A., C.A. Morris, L. Muñoz, L. Jimenez, T. Roman, T. Salazar, J. Herrera, A. Fernandez, J. Cordero, L. Castro, J. Diego Gonzalez, D. Serrano, K. Macklin. Impact of Oviposition Timing on Egg Quality: Translucency, Speckling, and Shell Characteristics. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Morris, C.A., C.A. Waters, P. Adhikari, K. Macklin. 2025. Impact of 28-day storage on translucency score and eggshell quality parameters of W-36 laying hens. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Adhikari, Y., D. Bourassa, S. Poudel, M. Bailey, R. Buhr, K. Macklin. Antimicrobial Resistance profiling of Salmonella recovered from environments of No-Antibiotics-Ever (NAE) and Conventional broiler complexes. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Poudel, S., F.A. Contreras Zelaya, E. Guzman, W. Pacheco, R. Hauck, K. Macklin, D. Bourassa. Impact of organic acid supplementation on cecal microbiome of broiler chicks inoculated with Salmonella. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Guzman, E.G., J.I. Vargas, J.P. Gulizia, J.R. Hernandez, J. Martinez, M.J. Brizuela, M.A. Bailey, R. Hauck, D.V. Bourassa, K.S. Macklin, W.J. Pacheco. Effect of organic acid supplementation on Salmonella prevalence and growth performance during a challenge model using male broilers. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Stumpff, J.A., E.G. Guzman, A. Pietruska, R.W. Tabish, W.J. Pacheco, D.V. Bourassa, K.S. Macklin, R. Hauck. Changes in the litter microbiota of treated and untreated litter of broilers given organic acids in the drinking water. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA.   Extension Activities and Publications: Boltz, T. and K.S. Macklin. Preharvest Salmonella control. Mississippi Poultry Association Management School. May 19-20, 2025. Starkville, MS.   Dissertation and Thesis: Adhikari, Yagya. 2025. PhD Dissertation. Isolation, Genomic Analyses and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiling of Salmonella and Campylobacter Isolated from Different Stages of No-Antibiotic-Ever (NAE) and Conventional Broiler Complexes. Morris, Cassidy. 2025. MS Thesis. Evaluating the use of translucency score as an effective parameter of eggshell quality.   Dr. Maryam Mohammadi-Aragh   Peer-Reviewed Publications: Drewry, J.L., Mohammadi-Aragh, M.K., Elliott, K. Evaluation of the spatiotemporal distribution of bacterial populations within hatching egg incubators. Poultry Science. Under preparation.   Peer-Reviewed Abstracts: Drewry, J.L., Mohammadi-Aragh, M.K., Elliott, K., Vechalapu, T.R. Assessing the uniformity of incubators for broiler chickens. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers International Conference. July 13-16, 2025. Toronto, ON. Mohammadi-Aragh, M.K., Drewry, J.L., Elliott, K. Investigating the spatiotemporal distribution of Escherichia coli and aerobic bacteria in commercial hatching eggs. International Poultry Science Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA.   Conference Papers, Posters, and Presentations: Drewry, J.L., Mohammadi-Aragh, M.K., Elliott, K., Vechalapu, T.R. Assessing the uniformity of incubators for broiler chickens. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers International Conference. July 13-16, 2025. Toronto, ON. Mohammadi-Aragh, M.K., Drewry, J.L., Elliott, K. Investigating the spatiotemporal distribution of Escherichia coli and aerobic bacteria in commercial hatching eggs. International Poultry Science Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Ashley, S.D., Mohammadi-Aragh, M.K., Drewry, J.L., Elliott, K. The impact of spatiotemporal environment in a poultry incubator on eggshell surface E. coli and aerobic bacteria populations. Mississippi State University Spring Undergraduate Research Symposium. April 9-10, 2025. Mississippi State, MS.   Dr. Luis Muñoz   Peer-Reviewed Publications: Muñoz, L,, C. Escobar, L. Zhang, L. Jia, M. Bailey, D. Bourassa, S. Rochell, B. Chaves-Cordoba, V. Tashiguano, M. Quino, Y. Adhikari, L. Orellana, K. Macklin. Effects of Intermittent and Continuous organic acids in water on antimicrobial activity, intestinal morphology, gut microbiome, and growth performance of Campylobacter jejuni challenged or unchallenged broilers. European Poultry Science. Submitted. Adhikari, Y., M. Bailey, S. Kitchens, P. Gaonkar, L. Muñoz, S. Price, D. Bourassa, L. Huber, R. Buhr, and K. Macklin. 2025. Whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of Salmonella isolated from pullets through final raw product in the processing plant of a conventional broiler complex: a longitudinal study. Microbiology Spectrum. 13(2): e02090-24. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02090-24">https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02090-24</a>   Peer-Reviewed Abstracts and Proceedings: Orellana, L., C. Morris, L. Muñoz, L. Jiménez, T. Román, T. Salazar, J. Herrera, A. Fernández, J. Cordero, L. Castro, J. Gonzales, D. Serrano, and K. Macklin. Impact of oviposition timing on egg quality: Translucency, speckling, and Shell characteristics. Oral presentation at the International Poultry Scientific Forum, January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Abstract available at: <a href="https://www.ippexpo.org/education-programs/IPSF/docs/2025-IPSF-Abstracts.pdf">https://www.ippexpo.org/education-programs/IPSF/docs/2025-IPSF-Abstracts.pdf</a> Grisham, W., E. Magee, L. Muñoz, T. Cummings, K. Cookson, P. Stayer, and T. Boltz. Evaluating the impact of a tannin-based feed additive on bird performance and commercial Salmonella vaccine recovery in four-day old broiler chicks. Poster presentation at the International Poultry Scientific Forum, January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Abstract available at: <a href="https://www.ippexpo.org/education-programs/IPSF/docs/2025-IPSF-Abstracts.pdf">https://www.ippexpo.org/education-programs/IPSF/docs/2025-IPSF-Abstracts.pdf</a>   Dissertation and Thesis: Riggs, A. 2025. MS Thesis. Feed-based strategies to improve poultry production efficiency.   Dr. Hudson Thames   Peer-Reviewed Publications: Thames, H. T., Pokhrel, D., Sukumaran, A. T., Dinh, T. T. N., Schilling, M. W., White, S., Ramachandran, R., Macklin, K., Zhang, L. 2025. Behavioral Patterns of Salmonella Biofilm Genes. Microbiology Spectrum. Under Revision.   Peer-Reviewed Abstracts and Proceedings: Plocher, S. S., Coufal, C., Jespersen, J., Thames, H. T., Zhang, Xue., Wamsley, K. Impact of sodium bisulfate feed inclusions on broiler performance and processing metrics. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Urrutia, J., Thames, H. T., McCafferty, K. W., Magee, C., Pacheco, W. J., Boltz, T., Macklin, K., Wamsley, K. Maximizing 17 to 28 d growth performance of broilers with and without a subclinical necrotic enteritis challenge through corn particle size and feed quality. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Urrutia, Jorge A., Timothy Boltz, Hudson Thames, Wilmer J. Pacheco, Ken Macklin, Christopher Magee, Kelley G. Wamsley. Maximizing 27 to 35 d growth performance and processing metrics of broilers with and without a subclinical necrotic enteritis challenge through corn particle size and feed quality. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Fajardo, K. C., Wamsley, K. G., Thames, H. T. Consideration of multiple feed additives trials and the impact on woody breast frequency. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting, July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC.   Dr. Kelley Wamsley   Peer-Reviewed Publications: <ol start="10"> <li>Svihus, M.R. Abdollahi, K.G.S. Wamsley, W. Pacheco, H. Hetland. (2025) Structural architecture of pelleted broiler diets: A comprehensive narrative review of key factors for an optimized macro- and microstructure, Poultry Science, Volume 104, Issue 9, 2025, 105478, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105478.</li> </ol> Peer-Reviewed Abstracts and Proceedings: Riggs, A. K., Tillman, N. S., & Wamsley, K. G. S. (2025). Practical assessment of model accuracy to predict broiler starter-phase production goals when fed varying feed forms [Abstract]. International Poultry Scientific Forum, Atlanta, GA.  Awarded for "Certificate of Excellence."  Poult. Sci. 104 (E-Suppl 1).  Jorge Urrutia, Hudson Thames, Klinton W. McCafferty, Christopher Magee, Wilmer J. Pacheco, Timothy Boltz, Kenneth Macklin, Kelley Wamsley. Maximizing 17 to 28 d growth performance of broilers with and without a subclinical necrotic enteritis challenge through corn particle size and feed quality. Presented at the International Poultry Scientific Forum in Atlanta, GA. Poult. Sci. 104 (E-Suppl 1). Invited Presentations: 24th ESPN Maastricht, The Netherlands - keynote presentation 6.24.25 "Harnessing Feed and Feed Technology to Optimize Broiler Performance" Pilgrims Feed Mill Manager Annual Meeting "Optimizing Feed Form by Phase for Broilers"   Dr. Li Zhang   Peer-Reviewed Publications: Lyte, Joshua M., Mitiku M. Seyoum, Diana Ayala, Jannigje G. Kers, Valentina Caputi, Timothy Johnson, Li Zhang, Joshua Rehberger, Guolong Zhang, Sami Dridi, Brett Hale, Jean E. De Oliveira, Daniel Grum, Alexandra H. Smith, Michael Kogut, Steven C. Ricke, Anne Ballou, Bill Potter, Monika Proszkowiec-Weglarz. 2025. Do we need a standardized 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing analysis protocol for poultry microbiota research? Poultry Science. 104(7):105242. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105242">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105242</a>. Ye, Xin, Chuan-Yu Hsu, Linan Jia, Xue Zhang, Christopher Magee, Stephanie Whitham, Spencer Leigh, Jeffrey Evans, Li Zhang, Kelsy Robinson. 2025. Dynamic immune response to Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection in broiler chickens: Insights into pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine regulation. Poultry Science. 104(6):105029.  <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105029">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105029</a>. Chaudhary, Deepa, Sabin Poudel, Linan Jia, Anuraj Theradiyil Sukumaran, Xue Zhang, Wen-Hsing Cheng, Aaron S. Kiess, Kenneth S. Macklin, and Li Zhang. 2024. Optimization of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the rapid detection of Clostridium perfringens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 34(2): 100513. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2024.100513">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2024.100513</a>. Isah, Abubakar Shitu, Reshma Ramachandran, Anuraj Theradiyil Sukumaran, Aaron S. Kiess, Claudia D. Castañeda, Timothy Boltz, Kenneth S. Macklin, Hossam Abdelhamed, Li Zhang. 2024. Construction and characterization of bioluminescent Salmonella Reading outbreak and non-outbreak Strains. Microbiology Spectrum. 13(2): e01263-24. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01263-24">https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01263-24</a>. Isah, Abubakar Shitu, Reshma Ramachandran, Anuraj Theradiyil Sukumaran, Aaron S. Kiess, Claudia D. Castañeda, Timothy Boltz, Kenneth S. Macklin, Hossam Abdelhamed, Li Zhang. 2024. Research Note: Evaluating the vertical transmission potential of Salmonella Reading in broiler breeders. Poultry Science. 103 (12): 104351. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104351">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104351</a>. Poudel, Sabin, Diksha Pokhrel, Xue Zhang, Anuraj T. Sukumaran, Pratima Adhikari, Aaron S. Kiess, Kenneth S. Macklin, and Li Zhang. 2024. Campylobacter jejuni from no antibiotics ever (NAE) broilers: prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and virulence genes analysis. Poultry Science. 103(12): 104380. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104380">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104380</a>.   Peer-Reviewed Abstracts and Proceedings: Jia, Linan, Xin Ye, Mark A. Arick II, Chuan-Yu Hsu, Jeffrey D. Evans, Kelsy Robinson, Pratima Adhikari, Ken Macklin, and Li Zhang. Pangenome analysis reveals distinct evolutionary clusters and transmission patterns of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Wang, Manhong, Chuan-Yu Hsu, Mark A. Arick II, Xue Zhang, Pratima Acharya Adhikari, Peixin Fan, Katie Elliott, Ken Macklin and Li Zhang. Genomic characterization of bacterial isolates from broiler chicken cecal microbiota. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Fugate, Hailey, Linan Jia, Xin Ye, Xue Zhang, Pratima Acharya Adhikari, Ken Macklin, Li Zhang. Evaluating the function of pagP in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli pathogenicity using an embryo challenge model. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Waters, Charis A., Roshan Adhikari, Jason Lee, Ruben Kriseldi, Michael Elliot, Li Zhang, Kelley Wamsley, Pratima Adhikari. Effect of branched-chain amino acid (leucine, isoleucine and valine) interactions on performance in peak hy-line w-36 hens. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Chowdhury, Monzur, Christopher Magee, Jeffrey D. Evans, Palmy R. Jesudhasan, Li Zhang, and Kelsy Robinson. Evaluation of a novel electron beam-killed vaccine against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in chicken. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Ye, Xin, Chuan-Yu Hsu, Linan Jia, Christopher Magee, Spencer Leigh, Jeffrey Evans, Li Zhang, Kelsy Robinson. Development and validation of a TaqMan-based multiplex qPCR assay for profiling pro-inflammatory cytokine responses in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) infected poultry. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Guardado, Carlos A., Linan Jia, Monzur Chowdhury, Li Zhang, Ken Macklin, Pratima Adhikari. Construction and characterization of bioluminescent avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strain to understand the pathogenesis of colibacillosis in poultry. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Fugate, Hailey, Linan Jia, Xin Ye, Xue Zhang, Ken Macklin, Li Zhang. Optimizing a Campylobacter jejuni colonization challenge model for food safety intervention assessment in broiler chickens. Reciprocal Meat Conference (RMC). June 22-25, 2025. Columbus, OH. Fugate, Hailey, Linan Jia, Xin Ye, Manhong Wang, Christopher Magee, Xue Zhang, Pratima Adhikari, Kelsy Robinson, Li Zhang. Assessment of pagP gene function in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli pathogenicity using a broiler chick challenge model. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Wang, Manhong, Xin Ye, Hailey Fugate, Chuan-Yu Hsu, Xue Zhang, Peixin Fan, Katie E. Elliott, Pratima Adhikari, Kenneth Macklin, Li Zhang. Isolation of probiotic candidates from broiler chicken ceca using culturomics approach. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Waters, Charis A., Roshan Adhikari, Jason T. Lee, Deependra Paneru, Woo Kyun Kim, Ruben Kriseldi, Michael Elliot, Li Zhang, Kelley Wamsley, Pratima Adhikari. Understanding the branched-chain amino acid interactions on bone morphology of pullets (6-12 weeks of age). International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Cribillero Chuquihuaccha, Nelly G., Craig Wyatt, Kelley Wamsley, Timothy Boltz, Li Zhang, Klinton W. McCafferty, Pratima Adhikari. Impact of almond hulls and a xylanase-cellulase enzyme on cecal microbiota in Lohmann LSL-Lite pullets and laying hens. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Waters, Charis A., Roshan Adhikari, Jason T. Lee, Deependra Paneru, Woo Kyun Kim, Ruben Kriseldi, Michael Elliot, Li Zhang, Kelley Wamsley, Pratima Adhikari. Understanding the branched-chain amino acid interactions on bone morphology of pullets at 18 weeks of age. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Jia, Linan, Chuan-Yu Hsu, Xue Zhang, M. W. Schilling, Kelley Wamsley, Pratima Adhikari, Li Zhang. Differential expression of genes in fatty acid metabolism and inflammation pathways in Pectoralis major of broilers with woody breast myopathy. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Jia, Linan, Hailey Fugate, Chuan-Yu Hsu, Jeffrey Evans, Kelsy Robinson, Pratima Adhikari, Li Zhang. Growth characterization and genetic validation of a genetically manipulated pagP-deficient avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strain. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Ye, Xin, Chuan-Yu Hsu, Linan Jia, Christopher Magee, Stephanie Whitham, Spencer Leigh, Jeffrey Evans, Li Zhang, Kelsy Robinson. Development of a Taqman Multiplex Real-time qPCR Assay for Proinflammatory Gene Detection in Samples Infected with Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Shrestha, Sunita, Linan Jia, Chuan-Yu Hsu, Mark A. Arick II, Kelsy Robinson, Li Zhang. Novel sequencing-based method for E. coli O-Serogroup typing enhances poultry disease surveillance. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA.   Invited Presentations: Zhang, Li. Identification of novel antigens for a universal vaccine against avian colibacillosis. Mississippi Poultry Association (MPA) Poultry Health Seminar. February 19, 2025. Jackson, MS.   Dissertation and Thesis: Fugate, Hailey. 2025. MS Thesis. Assessment of pagP gene function in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli pathogenicity using different challenge models.   North Carolina: North Carolina State University   Dr. Kenneth E. Anderson   Peer-Reviewed Publications: Gulabrai, B.P., A. N. Pullin, K. E. Anderson, and A.S. Kiess, 2025. Research Note: Stress responses in different genetic strains of laying hens housed in a cage-free environment. Poultry Science. 104(8): 105295. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105295">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105295</a>. Alig, B. N., K. E. Anderson, D. M. Malheiros, K.L. Harding, and R. D. Malheiros. 2025. Assessment of the Effects of Stocking Density on Laying Hens Raised in Colony Cages: Part II—Egg Production, Egg Quality, and Welfare Parameters. Poultry. 4(3): 28. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry4030028">https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry4030028</a>. Alig, B. N., K. E. Anderson, and R. D. Malheiros. 2025. Assessment of the effects of stocking density on laying hens raised in colony cages: Part 1—The effect of density, time of day and hen age on behavior and aggression. Poultry. 4(3): 27. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry4030027">https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry4030027</a>. Gulabrai, B.P., A.S. Kiess, K.E. Anderson, and A.N. Pullin. 2025. The influence of genetic strain on fear and anxiety responses of laying hens housed in a cage-free environment. Poultry Science. 104(7): 105201. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105201">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105201</a>. Harding, K., E. Boot, J. O. Evan, S. B. Shah, R.D. Malheiros, K. E. Anderson. 2025. The Comparative Effects of Ventilation Shutdown with Heat (VSDH), Relative Humidity (VSDHRh), or CO2 (VSDCO2) on Broiler Electroencephalogram (EEG), Blood Chemistry and Gene Expression. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 34(3): 100541. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2025.100541">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2025.100541</a>. Malheiros, D. M., R. D. Malheiros, K. E. Anderson, and P. R. Ferket. 2025. Broiler Breeders Fed Diets Supplemented with Conventional or Lipid Matrix Microencapsulated Trace Minerals at Standard or High Levels: Part II. Influence on Hatching Egg Quality. Poultry. 4(2): 18. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry4020018">https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry4020018</a>. Malheiros, D. M., R. D. Malheiros, K. E. Anderson, and P. R. Ferket. 2025. Broiler Breeders Fed Diets Supplemented with Conventional or Lipid Matrix Microencapsulated Trace Minerals at Standard or High Levels: Part I. Influence on production, skeletal integrity, and intestinal histomorphology of broiler breeders.  Poultry. 4(2): 17. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry4020017">https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry4020017</a>. Gulabrai, B. P., A.N. Pullin, K. E. Anderson, and A. S. Kiess. 2025. The influence of genetic strain on production and egg quality amongst four strains of laying hens housed in a cage-free environment. Poultry Science. 104 (6): 105073. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105073">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.105073</a>. Harding, K., E. Boot, J. O. Evan, S. B. Shah, R.D. Malheiros, K. E. Anderson. 2025. Determining how Different Ventilation Shutdown Plus (VSD+) Methods Change the Electroencephalography, Blood Chemistry, Corticosterone, and Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) of Laying Hens. Frontiers in Physiology. 16. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1534385">https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1534385</a>.   Peer-Reviewed Abstracts and Proceedings: Poudel, Ishab, and K.E. Anderson. Oregano-Derived Essential Oils: Effects on Egg Production and Eggshell Quality in Laying Hens. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. Abstract 273, p. 104. Reid, T.O., Wysocky, R., Poudel, I, Anderson, K. Effects of the shift from caged to aviary housing systems on commercial laying hen egg grade and quality. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Abstract M21, p.11. Brannan, KE, Wysocky, B, Anderson, K. Effect of dietary inclusion of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (Original XPC™) and stocking density on production performance and egg quality in brown egg strain laying hens. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Abstract T190, p.71. Harding, K., Boot, E., Evans, J., Shah, S., Malheiros, R., Anderson, K. Evaluating the effects of ventilation shutdown plus heat (VSDH), carbon dioxide (VSDCO2), and nitrogen gas (VSDN2) on laying hen electroencephalograms (EEGs). International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Abstract P225, p.84. Poudel, I., Reid, T.O., Wysocky, B., Harding, K., Anderson, K. Analysis of Nine Laying Hen Production in Cage and Cage-Free Environments: 41st North Carolina Layer Performance and Management Test. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Abstract P303, p.111. Dexter-Boone, L., Freeland, S., Taniguchi, M., Zheng, H., Anderson, K., Reid, T.O., Kiess, A., Campbell, Y.L. The effect of rearing systems and heat treatments on liquid egg white functionality.  International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Abstract P330, p.121. Munmun, A.R., Caceres, J.C., Sigmon, C.S., Poudel, I., Vu, T., Wysocky, B., Malheiros, R., Anderson, K., Toomer, O.T., Campbell, Y.L.  Meat quality of hens fed an unblanched high-oleic peanut diet. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Abstract P331, p.121. Toomer, O.T., Poudel, I., Vu, T., Malheiros, R., Wysocky, B., Anderson, K. The effects of an unblanched high-oleic peanut diet on layer performance, and the fatty acid profile and quality of the eggs produced. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. Abstract P366, p.134. Lowery J., Mendoza M., Sigmon C., Wysocky R., Kiess A., Anderson K., Walker L. Determining Whether Campylobacter Can Invade the Avian Ovum and Where in the Hen Reproductive Tract It May Occur. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 29-30, 2024. Atlanta, GA. Abstract P217, p. 69. Gulabrai, B. P., K.E. Anderson, A.S. Kiess, and A.N. Pullin. Using a startle test to evaluate fearfulness in three genetic strains of cage-free laying hens. 57th Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology. July 22-26, 2024. Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil.   Invited Presentations: Anderson, K.E. 2025. “Pre-Harvest Food Safety Plan: Implementing Pest Monitoring and Control.” Proceedings of the National Egg Quality School, Section IV, p.1-28, 31st Annual National Egg Quality School. May 19-22, 2025. Park City, UT. Anderson, K.E. 2025. “Cleaning Eggs and Conserving Egg Quality.” Proceedings of the National Egg Quality School, Section IV, p.1-28, 31st Annual National Egg Quality School. May 19-22, 2025. Park City, UT.   Extension Activities and Publications: Anderson, K. E and I. Poudel. 2025. Report of the Forty-First North Carolina Layer Performance and Management Test from 17 TO 69 Weeks of Age: Vol. 41, No. 2. April 2025. <a href="https://poultry.ces.ncsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/41-NCLPMT-17-69_wk-Cycle-RPT-Vol-41-No-2-final.pdf?fwd=no">https://poultry.ces.ncsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/41-NCLPMT-17-69_wk-Cycle-RPT-Vol-41-No-2-final.pdf?fwd=no</a>   Dissertation and Thesis: Harding, Kari Lyn. Evaluating the impact of different ventilation shutdown techniques for emergency depopulation. (Under the direction of Dr. Kenneth E. Anderson). O’Lear Reid, Taylor Kaitlyn. Pullet and Laying Hen Performance in Different Housing Environments and Dietary Interventions for Extended Lay. (Under the direction of Dr. Kenneth E. Anderson). Malheiros, Dimitri Moraes. Influence of Stress in Laying Hens in Differing Cage Densities and Mitigation of Stress Responses Due to Parasitic Infection and Insulin Sensitivity. (Under the direction of Dr. Kenneth E. Anderson).   Dr. Lin Walker   Peer-Reviewed Publications: Campbell, Y.L., Walker L.L., Bartz B.M., Eckberg J.O, Pullin A.N. 2025. Outdoor access versus conventional broiler chicken production: Updated review of animal welfare, food safety, and meat quality. Poultry Science. 104(4): 104906. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.104906">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2025.104906</a>.   Conference Papers, Posters, and Presentations: Lowery J., O’Lear Reid T., Anderson K., Kiess A., Sigmon C., Wysocky R., Tahir Y., Walker L. Assessing Salmonella survival and invasion on shell eggs during refrigeration. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. (oral). Tahir Y., Lowery J., Chang K., He-DeMontaron A., Concepcion J., Grimes J., Campbell Y., Walker L. Population and prevalence of Salmonella: A Comparison between conventional floor-pen and silvopasture housing systems in fast and slow-growing broiler birds. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. (poster). Lowery J., Proszkowiec-Weglarz M., Tahir Y., Concepcion J., He-DeMontaron A., Grimes J., Campbell Y., Pullin A., Walker L. Examining the cecal microbiota of conventional and slow growing broilers in floor pen and silvopasture rearing systems. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. (oral). He-DeMontaron A., Grimes J., Campbell Y., Walker L., Pullin A. Comparing broiler mobility and foot health between two breeds in silvopasture and conventional environments. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. July 14-17, 2025. Raleigh, NC. (oral). He-DeMontaron A., Grimes J., Campbell Y., Walker L., Pullin A. Slow-growing versus fast-growing broiler behavior in a silvopasture environment. International Society for Applied Ethology. August 4-8, 2025. Utrecht, The Netherlands. Tahir Y, Vu T., Lowery J., Mendoza M., Chang K., Rysdon K., Ibiwoye D., Sigmon C., Toomer O., Walker L. Effect of peanut skin as an antimicrobial feed additive against Salmonella in broilers. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. (oral). Tahir Y., Lowery J., Mendoza M., Sigmon C., Subbiah J., Gowda N., Coufal C., Walker L. Impact of sodium bisulfate and water activity on Salmonella survival in poultry litter. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. (poster). Lowery J., Sigmon C., Rysdon K., Chang K., Heil C., Walker L. Designing and testing PCR primers for Cochlosoma anatis detection in commercial turkey poults. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. (oral). He-DeMontaron A., Grimes J., Campbell Y., Walker L., Pullin A. The effect of silvopasture environment and genetic strain on broiler performance. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. (oral). Caceres J., Sobreira C., Munmum A., Sigmon C., Pullin A., Grimes J., Walker L., Campbell Y. The effect of silvopasture (vs indoor) environment and broiler breed on meat quality. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. (oral). Sigmon C., Lowery J., Walker L. Determing the optimal strain and pass for Histomonas feed additive trail. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. (poster). Munmun A., J., Sigmon C., Tahir Y., Vu Th., Toomer O., Walker L., Campbell Y. The effect of peanut skin supplemented corn/soy diet on broiler meat quality. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. (poster).   Extension Activities and Publications: Walker, Lin. “Understanding Moisture-Salmonella Relationship to Maximize PLT Use in Poultry Houses.” 2025. Lancaster Farming. <a href="https://www.lancasterfarming.com/farming-news/poultry/understanding-moisture-salmonella%20-relationship-to-maximize-plt-use-in-poultry-houses/article_4702b0f8-accb-4f11-8b54-ad8c49e40178.html">https://www.lancasterfarming.com/farming-news/poultry/understanding-moisture-salmonella%20-relationship-to-maximize-plt-use-in-poultry-houses/article_4702b0f8-accb-4f11-8b54-ad8c49e40178.html</a>   Virginia: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University   Dr. Michael E. Persia   Conference Papers, Posters, and Presentations: Blair, Jennifer, and Mike E. Persia. Effects of dietary energy and emulsifier on the performance and energy storage of pullets and young laying hens. International Poultry Scientific Forum. January 27-28, 2025. Atlanta, GA. (oral).

Impact Statements

Research conducted at several experiment stations demonstrated that early disease detection systems, including microbiome baseline libraries, precision livestock farming (PLF) technologies such as RFID and computer vision, and rapid diagnostic tools, will provide the poultry industry with improved strategies to monitor bird health, identify pathogen risks, and respond more quickly to disease outbreaks.
Studies on alternative feed ingredients and functional additives, including grocery by-products, peanut meal, sweet potatoes, enzymes, and probiotics, showed that these feed sources can maintain or improve bird performance, reduce production costs, and support sustainable poultry production, while also reducing foodborne pathogen prevalence.
Multiple stations investigated dietary strategies, lighting regimes, and feeding methods that can reduce muscle myopathies, improve growth performance, enhance gut health, and increase bird resilience to heat stress, providing poultry producers with practical management tools for improving bird health and welfare.
Research on housing and environmental management, including cage-free, silvopasture, and conventional systems, demonstrated methods to reduce parasite incidence, maintain forage quality, optimize ventilation, and improve production efficiency, increasing producer knowledge of effective housing strategies.
Several stations developed and tested intervention strategies such as acidified water treatments, sodium bisulfate litter amendments, and high-intensity pulsed light, which significantly reduced Salmonella and Campylobacter contamination during production and processing, providing the poultry industry with enhanced tools to ensure food safety.