OLD S1080: Improving Soybean Arthropod Pest Management in the U.S.

(Multistate Research Project)

Status: Inactive/Terminating

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SAES-422 Reports

Annual/Termination Reports:

[03/15/2019] [05/16/2021] [04/14/2022] [05/12/2023]

Date of Annual Report: 03/15/2019

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 01/24/2019 - 01/25/2019
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2018 - 01/25/2019

Participants

Adam Alford, Virginia Tech
Jeff Davis, Louisiana State University
Chris DiFonzo, Michigan State University
Erin Hodgson, Iowa State University
Tom Hunt, University of Nebraska
Bryan Jensen, University of Wisconsin
Rogers Leonard (Admin Advisor), LSU AgCenter
Janet Knodel, North Dakota State University
Justin McMechan, University of Nebraska
Andy Michel, Ohio State University
Dave Owens, University of Delaware
Dominic Reisig, North Carolina State University
Nicholas Seiter, University of Illinois
Joe Spencer, University of Illinois
Kelley Tilmon, Ohio State University
John Tooker, Pennsylvania State University
Raul Villanueva, University of Kentucky
Bob Wright, University of Nebraska

Non-attendees submitting a written report:
Robert Koch and Bruce Potter, University of Minnesota
Fred Musser, Mississippi State University
Scott Stewart, University of Tennessee
Sally Taylor, Virginia Tech
Mo Way, Texas A&M University

Brief Summary of Minutes

Thursday January 24 - Integrated session with NC246 and industry

This was a joint session with multi-state Hatch group NC246-Ecology and Management of Arthropods in Corn, as well as representatives from the biotechnology and pesticide industries. Much of the discussion was focused on renewal agreements related to the use of biotech corn seed in research; a draft agreement was provided to industry representatives, who agreed to review it and did not foresee a problem with getting a renewed agreement in place. A question and answer session was held with industry representatives on topics primarily related to Bt resistance management. Breakout sessions were held to brainstorm solutions to issues facing resistance management and communication with producers.

Friday January 25. S1080 business meeting

Meeting began at 8:00 AM

Welcome and introduction of participants

Nomination Committee, 2020 Time & Place discussion

Members voted to meet in 2020 at the joint Southeastern & Eastern Branch Meeting of ESA in Atlanta, GA, March 29-April 1, 2020. Members planned to submit a symposium on insect management in cover crop systems for this meeting; David Owens and Jeff Davis agreed to co-organize the symposium, Justin McMechan, Adam Alford, John Tooker suggested as potential speakers. Members suggested planning a complementary symposium at the joint North Central Branch-Southwestern Branch meeting as well (March 15-18, 2020, Oklahoma City, OK)

Sally Taylor, Virginia Tech was nominated as incoming secretary

Administrative Update (Dr. Rogers Leonard, Administrative Advisor)

Thanked group for establishing the new Multi-State project, this effort was led by Jeff Davis. Reviewers of the proposal submitted positive reviews with minor revisions. Group is currently active with 26 official members in appendix E. Dr. Leonard suggested we solicit more members to demonstrate support. Many Hatch administrators are looking for membership from their states, and many institutions want a representative for each Multi-State project. Anyone can participate, but membership is determined by executive committee. Mission: enable research on high priority topics among experiment stations facilitated by NIFA.

State Reports. Reports on pest management developments and outputs were presented by state (outputs are reflected in a separate section).

Ohio (Michel, Tilmon): High stink bug populations in OH in 2018, led to quality issues. Mexican bean beetle outbreaks occurred in some areas in 2018.

Iowa (Hodgson): Cold April, hot May, wet June. Overall low insect pressure in soybean. Late arrival of soyean aphid. Low year for soybean aphid, no pyrethroid failures reported, but confirmed pyrethroid resistance in low populations. High populations of Japanese beetle, nothing approaching threshold. Soybean gall midge biggest issue from an Extension standpoint. Lots of media attention.

Nebraska (Hunt, Wright, McMechan): Soybean gall midge was biggest issue. Wet year, unusual weather. Variability in yields, some excellent, some poor. Low soybean aphid populations overall, a few fields were sprayed. Stink bug densities are increasing; brown, redshouldered, and green are the major spp. Bean leaf beetle numbers are increasing, but still low. Decline in use of seed treatments. Japanese beetles dramatic in some cases, spreading in state, issue in southern NE. Outbreak of yellow wooly bear caterpillar in central NE, minimal impact on yield, fungal disease.

Louisiana (Davis): Weather was biggest issue. Cool, wet, then dry. Early planted soybeans were fine, but rejection rates were high on quality due to tariffs. Lots of beans went unharvested. Low populations and late arrival for redbanded stink bugs, resulting in fewer insecticide applications than normal. Issues with crimson clover cover crop and redbanded stink bugs. High green cloverworm populations.

WI (Jensen): Biggest production concern was weather. Fall was horrible, wet, and difficult to harvest. Japanese beetle populations were high in 2018. Showy, but little to no economic damage. Soybean aphid populations were highest in last 3-5 years. High population increases in isolated fields. Populations arriving later and later. No pyrethroid resistance was observed. No soybean gall midge was observed. Low populations of brown marmorated in soybean, some being picked up in orchards, etc. Few to no calls on stink bugs in corn or beans.

DE (Owens): Wet early summer, not much full season soybean acres. Some slug issues. Bean leaf beetles were present early, but were mostly non-economic. High green stink bug numbers early in other crops, but very low populations later in the season in soybean. Corn earworm was an issue in part of state. Some soybean loopers arrived late season. Lower populations of brown marmorated stink bug than in previous years.

PA (Tooker): Extension effort in soybean sentinel plots, educators scout typical fields and report information back for a weekly summary. 140 field-years, 2 fields needed an insecticide application (soybean aphid), 0 needed a fungicide. Monitor using a scouting app. Soybean research: interaction of soil health practices & preventative insecticides. Planting green into cover crops for slug control. Upcoming publication on an exotic ground beetle, population increasing

VA (Alford): Rain was biggest pest, delayed planting. Small populations of corn earworm, pyrethroid resistance levels down, chlorantraniliprole was best product for earworms. Early soybean looper populations; only steward and intrepid edge were effective. Pyrethroids are not controlling brown stink bugs. 20% of soybeans are still in the field/not harvested.

ND (Knodel): Increasing soybean acres. Research: identifying pyrethroid-resistant soybean aphids. Educated 600 soybean growers, most indicated they would use IPM strategies. No brown marmorated stink bug has been observed in ND yet. Greater stink bug populations than past, but still low. Working on outputs based on pollinator diversity project. High diversity of bees in blooming soybeans; 108 spp of bees, 11 syrphid flies. ~11,000 bees total. IPM scouts surveyed 550 soybean fields throughout the state, low soybean aphid populations. Some spider mite infestations due to drought conditions, few acres sprayed. Bean leaf beetle is uncommon. Good year for growers overall.

NC (Reisig): Corn earworm top pest, most double crop beans are sprayed. More issues with soybean loopers than stink bugs in 2018. Major impacts from 2 hurricanes. Velvetbean caterpillars brought into areas they do not typically affect due to hurricanes. Green stem was commonly observed. Garden fleahopper outbreak in northeastern NC, sprayable populations. Finished work evaluating Bt soybeans. Evaluating earworm thresholds between determinate and indeterminate soybean.

KY (Villanueva): Greater soybean acreage than corn for first time. Weather a major issue. Heavy rains at harvest in western KY. Stink bugs late in season. Brown marmorated mostly limited to eastern KY. Green stem in many fields, often attributed to stink bugs but other factors likely play a role. Bean leaf beetles late. Resurgence of flea beetles in tobacco, but no issues in soybean. Student on dectes stem borer in KY and one on stink bugs. Looking at parasitoids of dectes stem borer, new species found, but low-no parasitism in 2018. Slugs in double cropped soybean; differences in ground beetle complex in wheat vs soybean.

MI (Difonzo): High stink bug populations, high bean leaf beetle numbers. Soybean aphids had high parasitism rates. Asiatic garden beetle in soybean on roots.

IL (Seiter, Spencer): Damage from dectes stem borer and grape colaspis (continuous soybean) in southern IL. Few soybean aphids. Higher than normal stink bug populations. Higher than normal rates of defoliation due to Japanese beetle, green cloverworm, still mostly non-economic.

Special Topics For Discussion

Update on the Soybean Gall Midge (Justin McMechant) : First documented in 2011, isolated fields. Secondary pest of diseased or mechanically damaged plants in initial findings. Field issues in 2018. Wilting of plants, followed by necrosis and death of plant. Field edges with 100% infestation; 3-16 larvae per plant. Plants discolored at base and easily break off, occasionally with swollen stems. Eastern Nebraska, western Iowa is where most findings occurred. Possible relationships with plant diseases. Adults have been collected using emergence cages, classified as a new species: Resseliella maxima Gagne. 56 spp in genus worldwide, 16 in U.S.; no spp have been reported on soybean in U.S. previously. Probably 2-3 generations per year. Probably overwinter in the soil. Can be up to 150 larvae per plant. Higher pressure next to previous year’s soybean fields, uncut or brome ditches and shelter belts. Stand, height, nodes, pods, seeds, seed weight, yield loss affected on a gradient away from edge of field in a heavily infested field. Sticky traps, sweep nets ineffective for monitoring. Management recommendations: spread is slow, don’t change farm plan. Consider corn in problem areas. Foliar applications at V3 could be effective, need to be evaluated. Research topics: track adult movement, insecticide trials, monitor sentinel plants, evaluate cultural control, life cycle, infestation on healthy vs damaged plants.

Seed Treatments in North Carolina (Dominic Reisig): Soybean seed treatment adoption driving tobacco thrips resistance in cotton. (Huseth paper).

Stink bug update from the southern climes (Jeff Davis): USB & Mid-South Soybean Board-funded project on disease and insect management. Evaluating breeding lines for cercospora and stink bug resistance. None confirmed with resistance to stink bugs. Some varieties with reduced stink bug numbers from TX.

Soybean looper resistance monitoring update (Jeff Davis): Working with IRAC. Monitoring populations from field failures. Slippage in flubendiamide first, resistance developing to Chlorantraniliprole, some resistance to Intrepid Edge. Seeking looper collections from around the country.

NCSRP update and coordination (Kelley Tilmon): Plans for projects within a multi-state project funded by North Central Soybean Research Program were discussed (Tilmon). Reviewed plot set-up/data collection for a cover crop termination study (McMechan). Discussed protocol for a soybean defoliation study (Seiter); seeking a way to measure leaf area index efficiently to combine w/ spatial data on insect defoliation.

Group Discussion of Future Plans to address the objectives of S1080 by group members for 2019

Organize a symposium at one or more branch meetings of the Entomological Society of America (further detailed in the summary of the annual meeting minutes)

Continue to document trends in damaging insect occurrence and subsequent economic losses through the multi-state soybean insect losses survey

Initiate new research on soybean insect management issues in the North Central U.S. through a multi-state project funded by the North Central Soybean Research Program.

Monitor for insect resistance to control technologies, and develop resistance management strategies for key soybean pests such as soybean aphid, soybean looper, and stink bugs.

Translate research into practical recommendations for managing soybean arthropods, deliver these recommendations to soybean clientele through multiple outlets (e.g., Extension publications, formal presentations, workshops, websites, etc.), and collect feedback from these clientele to inform future research.

Meeting adjurned-3:00 PM

Accomplishments

Individual state reports received from 14 states (Minnesota, Tennessee, North Carolina, Mississippi, North Dakota, Delaware, Louisiana, Ohio, Iowa, Nebraska, Illinois, Wisconsin, Texas, and Michigan) were used to compile the list of accomplishments for the reporting period from October 1 2018 (beginning of project) through January 25 2019 (end of annual meeting). These accomplishments reflect work on a diverse array of arthropod management issues that are directly relevant to soybean growers, consultants, and other stakeholders in the soybean production enterprise and rural environments. S1080 Outputs and Activities for 2018 Soybean losses survey - (Fred Musser Mississippi State University)  - compiles annual estimates of economic losses caused by soybean insects developed by state Land Grant University entomologists, many of whom are S1080 members. Loss estimates from 17 states, representing 36% of the soybean production in the U.S., are currently being compiled, and results from 2017 were published in 2018. The 2018 results were the first that included data from northern states. This project documents trends in pest management technologies, economic losses due to insects by state and region, and provides a historical context to track changes in the relative importance of insect pest species over time. Commercial-scale implementation of aphid-resistant soybean. Working with Iowa farmers, ISU researchers evaluated the efficacy of aphid-resistant soybean on commercial farms in Iowa. Commercially-available, aphid-resistant soybean had fewer aphids than susceptible varieties with no yield drag associated with the Rag1+Rag2 gene combination. The use of host plant resistance greatly reduces the likelihood of needing foliar insecticides and will help improve profit margins.   Resistance monitoring in the soybean aphid. Final analysis of soybean aphid bioassays from populations across the north-central U.S. indicated that although no field-level resistance to thiamethoxam was observed, there are sub-lethal effects in some populations. Our results provide a baseline for future assessment and contribute to a better understanding of the applicability of in-vivo bioassays for susceptibility monitoring and resistance detection of soybean aphid. In addition, with support from the Iowa Soybean Association, ISU scientists are exploring insecticide resistance for soybean aphid in Iowa and describing the mechanism of resistance. Pyrethroid insecticide resistance has been confirmed for soybean aphid in Iowa; however, the magnitude of resistance and occurrence in the landscape is not well understood. The mechanism for this resistance is being described and may lead to an easy to use marker to help farmers make decisions about switching to other modes of action. Extension clinics and survey results. The University of Nebraska Extension Crop Production Clinics and the Nebraska Crop Management Conference trained over 1,200 agribusiness personnel and producers on profitable pest management strategies at 5 locations throughout the state. Proceedings articles and presentations addressing insect pest management and preventing insecticide resistance in soybean and corn were developed and presented. Over 80% indicated the program improved their understanding of insect pest management, and 56% indicated the program will help them initiate insect resistance management. Extension personnel in North Dakota delivered educational programs to > 600 soybean growers and stakeholders, of whom 81% indicated a significant increase in knowledge about soybean aphid IPM and 91% intend to apply IPM strategies to managing this insect. Growers that used IPM strategies to manage pyrethroid-resistant soybean aphids saved an estimated annual cost of $12 million in North Dakota and reduced about 700,000 pounds of insecticide input. Awards given to team members -  Entomological Society of America Plant-Insect Ecosystems IPM Team Award, awarded in November 2018 to S1080 members Koch, Hodgson, Potter, MacRae, Knodel, and 6 others for successful efforts of a collaborative team approach to pest control. International IPM Award of Excellence – Awarded in March 2018 to the NC Soybean Entomology Research and Extension Team (i.e. Tilmon et al, total of 23 NC soybean entomologists) for a decade of work on soybean aphid biology, thresholds, biocontrol, and HPR.  Presented at the 9th Int. IPM Symposium in Baltimore MD Selected Extension Materials Cissel, B., I. Hiltpold, and B. A. Kunkel. 2018.  “Ground Beetle Behavior with Slug-Damaged Soybean Study.” <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fSMX74XhSbI">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fSMX74XhSbI</a>. Conley, S., C. Bradley, M. Chilvers, L. Gisler, D. Mueller, E. Sikora, D. Smith, A. Tenuta, K. Tilmon and K. Wise. 2018. Crop Management Considerations for Selecting Soybean Varieties. Land Grant University Crop Protection Network publication CPN-4004-W.  DiFonzo, C. 2018. Field ID Sheet for Grubs. Michigan State University Extension News <a href="http://msue.anr.msu.edu/uploads/files/AABI/Grub_field_ID.pdf">http://msue.anr.msu.edu/uploads/files/AABI/Grub_field_ID.pdf</a>. Hodgson, E. and G. VanNostrand. 2018. 2018 Report of Insecticide Evaluation [for soybean aphid].   <a href="https://store.extension.iastate.edu/product/15508">https://store.extension.iastate.edu/product/15508</a>. Hodgson, E. W. and R. L. Koch. 2018. Soybean Aphid Field Guide: A Reference for Management of Soybean Aphid in the North-Central Region. North Central Soybean Research Program. 62 pp. <a href="https://store.extension.iastate.edu/product/12817">https://store.extension.iastate.edu/product/1281</a>7.  Iowa State University STRIPS project (Science-based Trials of Row-crops Integrated with Prairie Strips).  <a href="https://www.nrem.iastate.edu/research/STRIPS/">https://www.nrem.iastate.edu/research/STRIPS/</a>. Jensen, B, et al. 2018. Pest Management in Wisconsin Field Crops-2019.  <a href="https://learningstore.uwex.edu/Pest-Management-in-Wisconsin-Field-Crops2019-P155.aspx">https://learningstore.uwex.edu/Pest-Management-in-Wisconsin-Field-Crops2019-P155.aspx</a>. Jensen, B. 2018.  Protecting honey bees and other pollinators from agricultural insecticides in field crops.   <a href="http://ipcm.wisc.edu/download/pubsPM/UW_PollinatorFactSheet_final.pdf">http://ipcm.wisc.edu/download/pubsPM/UW_PollinatorFactSheet_final.pdf</a>.  Jensen, B. and D. Smith. 2018. Generalized Calendar of Events for Soybean Insects and Diseases in Wisconsin.  <a href="http://ipcm.wisc.edu/download/pubsPM/UW_IPM_SoybeanCalendar.pdf">http://ipcm.wisc.edu/download/pubsPM/UW_IPM_SoybeanCalendar.pdf</a>.  Knodel, J.J., P. Beauzay, M. Boetel, T.J. Prochaska and L. Lubenow. 2018. 2019 North Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guide. NDSU Ext. Serv., E-1143 (Revised).  Knodel, J.J., P.B. Beauzay, A. Friskop and S. Markell. 2018. IPM Basics Integrated Pest Management in North Dakota Agriculture PP863 (revised). NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND. Koch, R., E. Hodgson, J. Knodel and A. Varenhorst. 2018. Management of Insecticide-resistant soybean aphids, E1878. Multistate publication with University of Minnesota Extension, Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, NDSU Extension and SDSU Extension.  McMechan, J., R. Wright, J. Peterson, T. Hunt, J. Bradshaw. 2018. Proceedings of the 2018 Crop Production Clinics, University of Nebraska Extension, Lincoln, NE.   Articles on: Japanese Beetle in Corn and Soybeans; Large Populations of Painted Lady Butterflies;  Insects in Cover Crops.  Potter, B.D. and T.Vollmer. 2018. 2018 soybean aphid foliar insecticide study. Non-reviewed research report. h<a href="https://swroc.cfans.umn.edu/sites/swroc.cfans.umn.edu/files/2018_aphid_insecticide_final_report.pdf">ttps://swroc.cfans.umn.edu/sites/swroc.cfans.umn.edu/files/2018_aphid_insecticide_final_report.pdf</a>. Stewart, S. and A. McClure. 2019. Insect control recommendations for field crops. PB 1768, University of Tennessee Extension.  Tilmon, K. J. and A. Raudenbush. YouTube training video: Common soybean defoliators. The Ohio State University IPM Program. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjHe6YKVFcU">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjHe6YKVFcU</a>.  University of Illinois research trials. 2018 “Applied Research Results on Field Crop Pest and Disease Control.” <a href="http://cropdisease.cropsciences.illinois.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Pestpathogenappliedresearchbook2018-1.pdf">http://cropdisease.cropsciences.illinois.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Pestpathogenappliedresearchbook2018-1.pdf</a>.  University of Wisconsin IPM Field Crop Scout Training Manual (revised 2018). <a href="http://ipcm.wisc.edu/download/pubsPM/UW-IPM-ScoutingManual-web.pdf">http://ipcm.wisc.edu/download/pubsPM/UW-IPM-ScoutingManual-web.pdf</a>. University of Tennessee Insecticide Evaluation Reports. <a href="http://utcrops.com/MultiState/MultiState.htm">http://utcrops.com/MultiState/MultiState.htm</a>. University of Tennessee Pest Guides (Soybean Insect Guide). <a href="https://guide.utcrops.com/soybean/soybean-insect-guide/">https://guide.utcrops.com/soybean/soybean-insect-guide/</a>. University of Texas Pest Guides (Soybean Insect Guide). Available at <a href="https://guide.utcrops.com/soybean/soybean-insect-guide/">https://guide.utcrops.com/soybean/soybean-insect-guide/</a>.  Way, M. O. and R. A. Pearson. 2018. Entomology Research Report. Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Beaumont. pp. 86-105. <a href="https://beaumont.tamu.edu/eLibrary/Reports_default.htm">https://beaumont.tamu.edu/eLibrary/Reports_default.htm</a>.  Wise, K. C. Bradley, M. Chilvers, S. Conley, T. Faske, L. Gisler, D. Mueller, E. Sikora, D. Smith, A. Tenuta and K. Tilmon. 2018. Crop Management Factors to Consider Before Using a Soybean Seed Treatment. Land Grant University Crop Protection Network publication CPN-4003-W. Selected Talks/ Posters at Professional Meetings Ademokoya, Blessing, Thomas Hunt and Robert Wright. 2018. Species composition and abundance of stink bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) and their parasitoids in Nebraska cropping systems. ESA/ESC/ESBC Joint Annual Meeting, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Fanela, Thiago L. M., T. E. Hunt, N. Luhr, M. G. P. de M. Ribeiro, T. A. de Araujo, Edson L. L. Baldin. Characterization of larval movement of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in non Bt soybean. XXVII Congresso Brasileiro de Entomologia and X Congresso Latino-Americano de Entomologia. Gramado, RS, Brazil.  Fanela, Thiago, L., Thomas Hunt, Nicole Luhr, Matheus Ribeiro, Tamiris de Araujo, Rodrigo Faria and Edson Luiz Baldin. 2018. Larval movement of soybean looper and southern armyworm in non-Bt soybean: implications for refuge strategy. ESA/ESC/ESBC Joint Annual Meeting, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Menger, J., R. Koch, I. MacRae, J. Knodel, B. Potter, P. Glogoza, E. Hodgson, A. Varenhorst, A. Chirumamilla and J. Gavloski. 2018. A diagnostic-concentration, glass-vial bioassay for the rapid monitoring of soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) susceptibility to pyrethroid insecticides. ESA/ESC/ESBC Joint Annual Meeting, Vancouver, BC, Canada.  Mittapelly, P., Phelan, L., Michel, A. 2018. Impact of bacterial endosymbionts on free amino acid levels in brown marmorated stink bug. Sigma Xi, Grants-in-Aid of Research (GIAR) awards banquet program, Columbus, OH.  Mittapelly, P., L. Phelan, and A. Michel. 2018. Removing an obligate bacterial endosymbiont changes free amino acid levels in brown marmorated stink bug, Ohio Valley Entomological Association, Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, Indiana.  Montezano, D. G., Specht, A., Sosa-Gómez, D. R., Roque-Specht, V. F., Silva, J. C. S., Paula-Moraes, S. V., Peterson, J., Hunt, T. 2018. Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) updated host plants and new records, XXVII Congresso Brasileiro de Entomologia and X Congresso Latino-Americano de Entomologia, Gramado, RS, Brazil.  Prochaska, T.J., J. Knodel, P. Beauzay, L. Lubenow, A. Chirumamilla and S. Lahman. 2018. Extending Knowledge, Changing Lives: Insecticide Resistance to Soybean Aphid in North Dakota. ESA/ESC/ESBC Joint Annual Meeting, Vancouver, BC, Canada.  Tilmon, K. J. 2018. Accomplishments of the North Central soybean entomology working group. 9th International IPM Symposium. Baltimore, MD. Yates-Stewart, A.D., A. Michel, and J.J. Blakeslee. 2018. A metabolomics approach to better understand soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) adaptation to aphid-resistant soybean. ESA/ESC/ESBC Joint Annual Meeting, Vancouver, BC, Canada.  Yates-Stewart, A.D., Daron J., Wijeratne, S., Bansal R., Chang, M., Slotkin, R.K., Michel, A. Analyzing the possible role of effector proteins in soybean aphid virulence using gene expression and RNA interference. Ohio Valley Entomological Association (OVEA), Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, IN.  Y Yates, A.D. Michel, A. Blakeslee, J.J. A metabolomics approach to better understand soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) adaptation to aphid-resistant soybean. The Ohio State University 2nd Annual Ohio Mass Spectrometry and Metabolomics Symposium. Columbus, OH.    Yates, A.D. Michel, A. Blakeslee, J.J. A metabolomics approach to better understand soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) adaptation to aphid-resistant soybean. The Ohio State University CFAES Annual Research Conference. Wooster, OH.

Publications

Baldin, E.L.L., M.D. Stamm, J.P.F. Bentivenha, K.G. Koch, T. Heng-Moss, T.E. Hunt. 2018. Feeding behavior of Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on soybeans exhibiting antibiosis and tolerance resistance. Florida Entom. Vol 101 (2):  223-229.  B Bansal R, Michel AP. 2018. Expansion of cytochrome P450 and cathepsin genes in the generalist herbivore brown marmorated stink bug. BMC: Genomics. 19:60.  Bastola, A., and J. A. Davis.  2018.  Cold tolerance and supercooling capacity of the redbanded stink bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Environ. Entomol. 47: 133-139.  Bastola, A., and J. A. Davis.  2018.  Determining in-field dispersal of the redbanded stink bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in soybean fields using a protein based mark-capture method.  Crop Prot. 112: 24-32.    Bastola, A., and J. A. Davis.  2018.  Preference of the redbanded stink bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) for selected spring host plants.  J. Econ. Entomol. 111: 1716-17-23.  Bundy, S.C., J. F. Esquivel, A. R. Panizzi, J. E. Eger, J. A. Davis, and W. A. Jones.  2018.  Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood).  In: J. E. McPherson (ed.), Invasive Stink Bugs and Related Species (Pentatomoidea): Biology, Higher Systematics, Semiochemistry, and Management, 840 pp.  CRC Press.    Chapman, K.M., L. Marchi-Werle, T.E. Hunt, T.M. Heng-Moss, and J. Louis. 2018. Abscisic and Jasmonic Acids Contribute to Soybean Tolerance to the Soybean Aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura). Scientific Reports, 8:15148, DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-33477-d.  Chen, X., A. Richter, M. Stout, and J. Davis. 2018. Effects of induced plant resistance on soybean looper (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in soybean.  Arthropod-Plant Interactions 12: 543-551.  Chen, X., D. Harrell, A. Cox, and J. A. Davis.  2018.  Effects of potassium fertilizer rates on soybean looper (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) development.  J. Econ. Entomol. 111: 1745-1750.  da Silva Queiroz, O., A. A. Hanson, B. D. Potter, and R. L. Koch. 2018. Impact of single gene and pyramided aphid-resistant soybean on movement and spatial pattern of soybean aphid. J. Econ. Entomol. 111: 2946-2955. DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy257.  Koch, R.L., E.W. Hodgson, J.J. Knodel, A.J. Varenhorst and B.D. Potter. 2018. Management of insecticide-resistant soybean aphids in the Upper Midwest of the United States. J. Integrated Pest Management 9(1):23; 1-7. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmy014">https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmy014</a>.  Marchi-Werle, Lia, H. D. Fischer, G. Graef, T. E. Hunt and T. M. Heng-Moss. 2018.  Characterization and Identification of Methods for Phenotyping Soybean Populations with Tolerance to the Soybean Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae). J. Econ. Entomol.  doi: 10.1093/jee/toy177.  McRight, W. 2018. Evaluation of kudzu bug as a pest of Mississippi soybean production systems. M.S. thesis. Mississippi State University, Dept. of Biochem., Mol. Biol., Entomol. & Plant Pathol. Montezano, D. G., Specht, A., Sosa-Gómez, D. R., Roque-Specht, V. F., Silva, J. C. S., Paula-Moraes, S. V., Peterson, J., Hunt, T. 2018. Host plants of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Americas. African Entomology, 26, 286-301.  Musser, F. R., A. L. Catchot, Jr., S. Conley, J. Davis, C. DiFonzo, J. Greene, G. Lorenz, D. Owens, T. Reed, D. Reisig, P. Roberts, T. Royer, N. Seiter, S. Stewart, S. Taylor, K. Tilmon, and M. O. Way. 2018. 2017 soybean insect losses in the United States. Midsouth Entomol. 11: 1-23.  Ng, S. J., L. E. Lindsey, A. P. Michel, and A. E. Dorrance. 2018. Effect of mid-season foliar fungicide and foliar insecticide applied alone and in combination on soybean yield. Crops Soils 51:52-58. doi:10.2134/cs2018.51.0402.  Pereira, R.R., Neves, D.V.C., Campos, J.N., Santana Júnior, P.A., Hunt, T.E., & Picanço, M.C. 2018. Natural biological control of Chrysodeixis includens. Bulletin of Entomol. Res. 1-12. doi:10.1017/S000748531800007X.   Ribeiro, M. G. P. de M., T. Hunt, and B. Siegfried. 2018. Acute-contact and chronic-systemic in-vivo bioassays: regional monitoring of susceptibility to thiamethoxam in soybean aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations from the North Central United States. J. Econ. Entomol., 111, 337-347. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tox290">https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tox290</a>.  Thrash, B. 2018. Evaluation of soybean production practices that impact yield losses from simulated insect defoliation. PhD dissertation. Mississippi State University, Dept. of Biochem., Mol. Biol., Entomol. & Plant Pathol.  Tinsley, N.A., J.L. Spencer, R.E. Estes, K.A. Estes, A.L. Kaluf, E. Levine, S.A. Isard and M.E. Gray. 2018. Multi-year surveys reveal significant decline in western corn rootworm densities in Illinois soybean fields.  Am. Entom. 64(2): 112-119.  Tiroesele, B., S. Skoda, T. Hunt, D. Lee, M. Irfan Ullah, J. Molina-Ochoa, and J. Foster. 2018. Morphological and Genetic Analysis of Four Color Morphs of Bean Leaf Beetle. J. Insect Science, Vol. 18 (2). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/iey016">https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/iey016</a>.  Yates A.D. and A.P. Michel. 2018. Mechanisms of aphid adaptation to host plant resistance. Current Opinion in Insect Science. 26: 41-49.  Zhang, S., Z. Wen, C. DiFonzo; Q. Song and D. Wang. 2018. Pyramiding different aphid-resistance genes in elite soybean germplasm to combat dynamic aphid populations. Molecular Breeding 38: 29.   https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-018-0790-5.

Impact Statements

IPM clinics, stakeholder conferences, and field demonstrations significantly increased producer knowledge and adoption of IPM strategies.

Date of Annual Report: 05/16/2021

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 03/25/2021 - 03/25/2021
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2019 - 01/25/2021

Participants

Brief Summary of Minutes

Minutes Attachment:

S1080 Annual Report 2020.docx

Accomplishments

Publications

Impact Statements

Date of Annual Report: 04/14/2022

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 02/16/2022 - 02/16/2022
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2021 - 09/30/2021

Participants

Henry Fadamiro (Administrator, Texas A&M)
Crossley, Micheal (University of Delaware)
Davis, Jeffery (Louisiana State University)
DiFonzo, Christina (Michigan State University)
Graham, Scott (Auburn University)
Hodgson, Erin (Iowa State University)
Hunt, Thomas (University of Nebraska-Lincoln)
Knodel, Janet (North Dakota State University)
Koch, Robert (University of Minnesota)
McMechan, Justin (University of Nebraska-Lincoln)
Michel, Andy (The Ohio State University)
Musser, Fred (Mississippi State University)
O'Neal, Matthew (Iowa State University)
Potter, Bruce (University of Minnesota)
Royer, Tom (Oklahoma State University)
Seiter, Nick (University of Illinois)
Spencer, Joseph (University of Illinois)
Thrash, Ben (University of Arkansas)
Tilmon, Kelley (The Ohio State University)
Villanueva, Raul (University of Kentucky)
Wright, Robert (University of Nebraska-Lincoln)

Brief Summary of Minutes

Recordings can be found at:

Part I: https://unl.zoom.us/rec/play/cR5OJ_nkbriT3OaW8C7GwHI3SyK0hW0vPTAqo4yYxYW-gF2_MbE7yJxs5s92hzuM8ITIBLTNRvmCeV-m.jnfGqUqMi7ByWk58?startTime=1645020276000&_x_zm_rtaid=TW4oTwGvQVuNJSqEt1b0pA.1648235659712.a864a54b852ad3e10147adfebe738a14&_x_zm_rhtaid=105

Part II: https://unl.zoom.us/rec/play/nsl59OGKoWH6rfIILeuA3LtUxre6-_61mw6M9xJoneX-OVNTnSr_ODxO28Yu67jnmKvd38KmYuI0Sijr.NVw-Vb5sqp6YQWIE?startTime=1645027903000&_x_zm_rtaid=vdOFXD-1Te-N6TVnbw3ijA.1648235659902.494729a9890900eb22a3499fe7d4da30&_x_zm_rhtaid=689

Part III: https://unl.zoom.us/rec/play/ddOkB6tMqRXiRBgJiPBBfQ3MrW7ExyeHBe1jW7o2gVA3unPlIBJpWuX66E1dcSVPv6O9G1LUUInFM01H.bv1gAMOMOhtBJ1f0?startTime=1645027903000&_x_zm_rtaid=vdOFXD-1Te-N6TVnbw3ijA.1648235659902.494729a9890900eb22a3499fe7d4da30&_x_zm_rhtaid=689

Part I:

Administrative Update (2:04)

Dr. Henry Fadamiro, Texas A&M

Key contacts: Gary Thompson, Executive Director of Southern Association of Agricultural Experiment Station Directors; Cindy Morley, Program Coordinator

Role of Advisors: communication link between Multistate and SAAESD; guidance to the technical committee; assure activity effectively carrying out its functions; evaluate the level of effort and quality of the activity; authorizes meetings and reporting

Report: value of impacts section.

S1080 terminates in Sept 30, 2023, project renewal starts in 2022; the writing committee submit a request to write a proposal (Issues and justifications) Sept 30; Oct 30: upload remaining proposal sections; March 15: final proposal due with a list of 5 peer reviewers. June 15: response to reviewers [Kelly T, Chris DF, Dominic R, David O; and Jeff Davis if sent 3D prints. See PartIII]

Soybean Pest Losses

Dr. Fred Musser, Mississippi State

18 states; 47% of acreage

Yield loss ~ 3.15%, 1.08 foliar applications, 60% seed treatment, 44% scouted

SB’s, CEW, AW, SL, BLB, TSM, Slug, JB, SCM

Q: send a standardized survey to state soybean boards?

State Reports (Part I, 55:00)

Arkansas (Ben Thrash): armyworm outbreak, Corn earworm (CEW) late. Stink bugs worse than normal.

Delaware (David Owens): Seed corn maggot (SCM) and slugs early, stink bugs late, CEW low. Slug phenology and natural enemy collaborative project with VA; strip trials with prophylactic insecticides. Michael Crossley joined.

Iowa (Matt O’Neal): warm winter, 9.9 million acres; severe dought but yields were 62 bu. PLH in July; aphids were low. Plant hopper present. Mutations in aphids near 40-50% prior to insecticide selection. Gall midge transects = 40% fields in west Iowa along field edges but more dispersed than further west.

Kentucky: (Raul Villanueva): spider mites. Seedcorn maggot and slugs, some replants 4x. Student on slug baits and ground beetles. Fall armyworm in double crops. Brown mamorated stink bug (BMSB) becoming more prevalent.

Louisiana (Jeff Davis): drought. Plant between March and July. Fall armyworm was prevalent. BMSB came in.

Michigan (Chris DiFonzo): SCM in beans, especially in early beans – pushed by agronomists. SCM blew through neonic treatments. Discussion on imidacloprid and planting timing.

Minnesota (Bob Koch): droughty. Spider mites! Aphids down. Grasshoppers in western part, BLB resurging. Soybean gall midge in 30 counites. Hog Peanut Leafminer. Possible parasitoid for gall midge. Comment: neonicotinoids detected in deer spleens.

Mississippi (Fred Musser): June flooding. Loopers, stink bugs, and velvetbean caterpillar. Monitored for diamide resistance in loopers. CEW NPV study. Drone sampling soybean and rice.

Nebraska (Justin McMechan): a little bit of BLB and SCM early. Primary focus on gall midge. Visited 245 fields in August, 56% had larvae, 20 new counties. Little success with chemical management. Cultural and host plant resistance promising.

Part II

Discussion on S1080 Meeting and Future Directions

Expand S1080 meeting participation to include groups such as United Soybean Board or industry partners. No specific outside interest has been cited. What about having some regional growers participate say with a moving S1080 location every year? USB or a soybean breeder? Andy: soybean breeder workshop in Feb. every year St. Louis. 2023 might have an insect-focused symposium. Also close to USB and Bayer. Need to have a detailed agenda to attract their interest. It’s on the S1080 group to gain their interest. Soybean breeders alternate between entomology and plant pathology. Public Private partnership to help screen varieties given to tech reps for insect responses? Could regional IPM Center help fund some focus group-type projects. 4-5K per group. Farm Bureau?

Pick a theme for the meeting. Invited guests would enrich the meeting. Would need funding for it.

Could also alternate soybean breeder and SEB ESA meeting. NCSRP? National meeting

Nominations and House Keeping

Check participants on basecamp and update accordingly.

Secretary nomination goes to: Michael Crossley.

State Reports Continued

Illinois (N. Seiter): SCM issues in early beans. FAW was minor, but in some double crop beans. Some more BLB. No soybean gall midge. Rootworms are very low, except in northern IL.

Delaware (M. Crossley): Introduction

North Dakota (J. Knodel): severe drought. Grasshoppers on edges. Blister beetles. Aphids low. Some TSM, some BLB increasing. No soybean gall midge yet.

Lorsban and chlorpyrifos notes regarding the Feb 28 tolerance revocation

Ohio (K. Tilmon): BMSB lures for soybean. There is a reliable correlation between lures and edge counts. Soybean defoliation card. Revising Stink Bug guide. 3-D printing for later in the afternoon.

Oklahoma (T. Royer): OK acres 300-500,000 acres. Farmers are concerned about stink bugs. Some grasshopper issues. Half of OK will not be able to use 2-4,D traits because of American Burying Beetle.

Part III

3-D printing

(first part of the segment not recorded).

3d printing of defoliation leaves to fit on key chains. Spotted lanternfly. Soybean gall midge. This way everyone can have a ‘sample’ when the target critter is not present at field days or other meetings. Idea started with 3D printing western bean cutworm egg masses.

Sketch models are saved as .obj files or .html files that can be shared. Color scanners handy help with 3D printing with color codes. Good to have access to your own/department printer because they went through a lot of design failures before taking to a print shop. Input file into a slicer software. Andy has Prusa system. Cost is about a penny/stink bug and takes 2 hours to make 40. Export G-code. Run and print. FDA filament-based and SLA resin-based printers (more professional). “biodegradable” filaments. Various types of filaments. Some printers have issues with different types of filaments. Some printers can do more or fewer colors. Watch out for paperwork hoops with foreign-made printers.

Put some instruction files in an S1080 drive folder?

3D-scanner help with the design.

Other model ideas: Soybean cyst nematode vs nodules. Other entomology equipment? Egg Bazookas? Swag? CLB in wheat? Frass? WhoDunIt models. Diseases?

Watch out for the Logo Police and document utility.

Soybean Gall Midge

New publication on it five states, 140 counties. Found in soybean and sweet clover. The vast majority of overwintering emergence of adults comes from the previous year’s soybean, to date soybean gall midge does not overwinter for more than one year. Little silk cocoons near the soil surface. First detection May 31 – June 14. www.soybeangallmidge.org. Peak emergence roughly between mid- to late-June with emergence occurring into September. Lay eggs in fissures/cracks around the V2 stage. Scout 7 to 10 days after first adult emergence. Soybean adjacent to the previous soybean. Swelling on the lower stem is more of a reaction to disease, not necessarily gall midge. Next-generation emergence in July with about 27 days for a generation. Range 18-45. It can be out at 500 feet in soybean. Most concentrated within 100 feet of the edge along with plant injury scores. Same with yield impact. Thimet reduced larvae per plant and increased yield with a t-band at plant application. Planting date study indicated that the greatest larval infestation occurs in earlier planting dates with a decrease in late-May and early-June. Hilling soybean to cover stems showed considerable potential to mitigate injury but is not likely to be adopted by farmers.

Minutes Attachment:

2021 S1080 State Reports.docx

Accomplishments

U.S. Pests Assessment: Regional characterizations of lepidopteran distribution in soybean are now more than 25 yr old. The goal of this study was to generate a contemporary assessment of the distribution and population persistence of lepidopteran soybean pests. To understand which species are currently infesting soybean and their persistence, we conducted a survey of soybean entomologists with responsibility for approximately 33.6 million hectares of production in 31 U.S. states. We focused this survey on five lepidopteran pests: corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), green cloverworm (Hypena scabra Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), painted lady (Vanessa cardui L.) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includens Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and velvetbean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae).  Results of this survey highlight dissimilar geographic distribution and relative persistence of lepidopteran pests in soybean.  Clear differences in occurrence and abundance among species provide important contemporary distributions and persistence estimates.  Assessments of scouting practices demonstrate a need to improve IPM adoption in some states.  Estimated insect management costs and losses due to insects in soybean during the 2020 growing season were collected and compiled from 18 states to provide a record of insect pressure and management practices for the year.  Participating states represented 48% of soybean acreage grown in the United States, with near 100% participation in southern states.  Overall, the stink bug complex was the costliest insect pest in soybean followed by corn earworm.  Total insect management costs were $15.80 per acre, with estimated crop losses to insects at $13.85 per acre, making the 2020 total costs plus losses $29.65 per acre. Much of the southern U.S. experienced unexpected fall armyworm damage. In some cases, pyrethroid insecticides were not effective in controlling them. Soybean Gall Midge: As a new pest in the midwestern United States, soybean gall midge was a focus on several multi-state projects that were enhanced by the communication and coordination of the members of S1080. Over the past two years, a large regional effort was made to determine the distribution of this new species. Fields were surveyed across ND, SD, NE, KS, MO, IA, MN, WI, IL, MI, OH, and IN to determine the presence and severity of the pest. Results found that the pest is present in NE, IA, SD, MN, and MO. In 2021, 26 new counties were identified for a total of 140 counties. In existing states, present presence varied. Nebraska conducted detailed surveys and found that of the fields sampled, 56% were found to have larval presence. Historically infested counties were 74% positive for larvae for the 156 fields that were surveyed in those counties. Outputs to clientele were significant, both in terms of communication and products. A regional alert network to rapidly delivery information on SGM emergence and management grew by 40% this past year. The system is capable of delivering an automated phone call, text message, and email. In addition, website metrics expanded significantly in 2021 with over 4,688 unique visitors and 10,369 pageviews from participants in 44 states. The combination of the information obtained and the alert system has allowed growers to test tactics and scout for this new species. Michigan State University produced thousands of postcards that were distributed to several states in an effort to increase awareness and provide information on how to scout for the pest. With the knowledge obtained from field surveys in 2021, researchers in states adjacent to gall midge infested areas will be directed to areas of high probability using USDA CropScape and Google Earth to increase the likelihood of early detections. Significant multi-state (NE, IA, SD, and MN) are ongoing to identify management practices (cultural, chemical, biological, host plant resistance) as well as understand the pests biology to reduce injury to soybeanan. Stink bugs: Stink bugs were presence and abundance varied by state with some experiencing greater activity and abundance than others. Most notably was the expansion of brown marmorated stink bug in KY where they are the second most abundant species after green stink bug.  A binomial (decision-making) sampling plan was developed for stink bugs in Midwest soybean as part of a multistate effort. A multistate team has been sampling stink bugs in soybean for several years, in an attempt to document changes in populations, streamline sampling and better-predict damaging populations. Michigan has been part of that effort for several years. A new sampling project is planned for 2022.  Cover Crop and Arthropods: A multi-state North Central Soybean Research Project on pest and beneficial insects concluded this past year with participation from MN, SD, NE, MO, IL, WI, and OH. The project evaluated a rye cover crop to soybean transition system and found that little to no significant pest pressure occurred in soybean that followed a cover crop. Significant beneficial insect activity was observed at a number of sites. The impact of this project is that growers should be able to set aside the need for insecticide use in this system. Such practices could increase the potential for ecosystem services if a pest shows up early in the season.

Publications

(1) Document changing soybean pest and beneficial arthropod assemblages. Soybean is injured by a diverse guild of insect pests feeding on leaves, stems, roots, nodules, and pods. The major insect pests in these guilds have markedly changed in the last two decades due to the introduction and range expansion of invasive insects and the adaptation of native pests. Peer reviewed pubs: Shaw, T.J., Paula-Moraes, S.V., Hahn, P.G., Specht, A. 2021. Seasonal Flight Patterns of Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Florida Panhandle and Inventory of Plusiine species cross-attracted to synthetic pheromone. J. Econ. Entomol., 114:2315-2325. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab179">https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab179</a>. Fleming, D.E., Davis, J.A., Musser, F., Paula-Moraes, S.V., Stephenson, R.C. 2021. Trapping soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in the southeastern USA and implications for pheromone-based research and management. In: 2021 ESA Annual Meeting, October 31-November 3. Talton, H., Hodges, A.C., Paula-Moraes, S.V., Gilligan, T.M. 2021. Monitoring and surveillance of Helicoverpa spp. in agronomic fields in Florida. In: 2021 ESA Annual Meeting, October 31-November 3. Hodgson, E.W., Koch, R.L., Davis, J.A., Reisig, D. and Paula-Moraes, S.V. 2021. Identification and Biology of Common Caterpillars in US Soybean. J. of Integr. Pest Manag., 12: 13. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmab006">https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmab006</a>. Calresso Aita, R., D. T. Pezzini, E. C. Burkness, C. D. DiFonzo, D. L. Finke, T. E. Hunt, J. J. Knodel, C. H. Krupke, L. Marchi-Werle, B. McCornack, A. P. Michel, C. R. Phillips, N. J. Seiter, A. J. Varenhorst, R. J. Wright, W. D. Hutchison, and R. L. Koch. 2021. Presence-absence sampling plans for stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in the Midwest region of the United States. Journal of Economic Entomology 114(3): 1362-1372. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab076">https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab076</a> Fleming, D. E., J. A. Davis, F. R. Musser, S. V. Paula-Moraes, R. C. Stephenson, C. A. Wheeler, E. Ringpis, T. S. Crum, J. K. Tran.  2021.  Trapping soybean looper (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the southeastern USA and implications for pheromone-based research and management.  Florida Entomol.  104: 186-194. Britt, K. E., T. P. Kuhar, W. Cranshaw, C. T. McCullough, S. V. Taylor, B. R Arends, H. Burrack, M. Pulkoski, D. Owens, T. A .Tolosa, S. Zebelo, K. A. Kesheimer, O. S. Ajayi, M. Samuel-Foo, J. A. Davis, N. Arey, H. Doughty, J. Jones, M. Bolt, B. J. Fritz, J. F. Grant, J. Cosner, and M. Schreiner.  2021.  Pest management needs and limitations for corn earworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), an emergent key pest of hemp in the United States.  J. Integr. Pest Manag. 12, 34. Huseth, A. S., R. L. Koch, D. D. Reisig, J. A. Davis, S. V. Paula-Moraes, and E. W. Hodgson.  2021. Current distribution and population persistence of five lepidopteran pests in U.S. soybean.  J. Integr. Pest Manag. 11, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmab004">https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmab004</a>. Koch, R.L., J. Moisan-De Serres and A.V. Ribeiro. 2021. First reports of Macrosaccus morrisella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) feeding on soybean, Glycine max (Fabales: Fabaceae). Journal of Integrated Pest Management 12(1): 1-4  <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmab038">https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmab038</a> Baldin, E. L., Ongarotto, S., Hunt, T. E., Montezano, D., Robinson, E. 2021. Using a video tracking system to assess intraguild interaction between Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) and Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in soybean. 2021 Entomology Society of America Annual Conference, Entomology Society of America, Denver, CO, November 3, 2021. McMechan, A. J., E. Hodgson, A. J. Varenhorst, T. Hunt, R. Wright, and B. Potter. 2021. First report of a new species, Resseliella maxima (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), causing injury to soybean in the United States. Journal of Integrated Pest Management. 12(1): 8, 1-4.   Raudenbush, A.L., A.J. Pekarcik, V.R. Haden, and K.J. Tilmon. 2021.  Evaluation of slug refuge traps in a soybean no-till cover crop system. Insects 12: htps://doi.org/10.3390/insects12010062    Greene, A. D., F. P. F. Reay-Jones, K. R. Kirk, B. K. Peoples, and J. K. Greene.  2021.  Spatial associations of key lepidopteran pests with defoliation, NDVI, and plant height in soybean.  Environ. Entomol. 50(6): 1378-1392.  <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvab098">https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvab098</a> Arends, B., D. D. Reisig, S. Gundry, A. S. Huseth, F. P. F. Reay-Jones, J. K. Greene, and G. G. Kennedy.  2021.  Effectiveness of the natural resistance management refuge for Bt-cotton is dominated by local abundance of soybean and maize.  Scientific Reports 11, 17601 (2021) <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97123-8">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97123-8</a> Greene, A. D., F. P. F. Reay-Jones, K. R. Kirk, B. K. Peoples, and J. K. Greene.  2021.  Associating site characteristics with distributions of pestiferous and predaceous arthropods in soybean.  Environ. Entomol.  50(2): 477-488.  <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaa173">https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaa173</a>   Non-peer reviewed Musser, F.R., A.L. Catchot, Jr, S.P. Conley, J.A. Davis, C. DiFonzo, S.H. Graham, J.K. Greene, R.L. Koch, D. Owens, D.D. Reisig, P. Roberts, T. Royer, N.J. Seiter, S.D. Stewart, S. Taylor, B. Thrash, K. Tilmon, R.T. Villanueva, and M.O. Way. 2021. 2020 Soybean Insect Losses in the United States. Midsouth Entomologist. <a href="https://midsouthentomologist.org.msstate.edu/pdfs/Vol14_1/ME21-001%20final.pdf">14</a>.\ Greene, J. K.  2021.  Cotton/Soybean Insect Newsletter (Vol. 16, 20 Issues).  Distributed weekly to various clientele (county agents, consultants, producers, etc.).  Spring-Summer. <a href="https://www.clemson.edu/extension/agronomy/cotton1/newsletters.html">https://www.clemson.edu//extension/agronomy/cotton1/newsletters.html</a> Plumblee, M. T., B. S. Farmaha, J. K. Greene, M. W. Marshall, S. Mickey, J. D. Mueller, N. B. Smith, and A. P. Turner.  2021.  South Carolina Soybean Production Guide (2021).  Clemson Cooperative Extension Service. <a href="https://clemson.app.box.com/s/a27svxqckn50ew65hc502vl3i29x8vbz">https://clemson.app.box.com/s/a27svxqckn50ew65hc502vl3i29x8vbz</a> Greene, J. K.  2021.  Soybean Insect Control, pp. 265-275.  In South Carolina Pest Management Handbook. <a href="http://www.clemson.edu/extension/agronomy/pest%20management%20handbook.html">http://www.clemson.edu/extension/agronomy/pest%20management%20handbook.html</a> Musser, F. R., A. L. Catchot, S. P. Conley, J. A. Davis, C. DiFonzo, S. Graham, J. K. Greene, R. Koch, D. Owens, D. D. Reisig, P. Roberts, T. Royer, N. J. Seiter, S. D. Stewart, S. Taylor, B. Thrash, K. Tilmon, R. T. Villanueva, and M. O. Way.  2021.  2020 soybean insect losses in the United States.  Midsouth Entomologist. 13: 1-25.   (2) Characterize soybean insect biology and ecology The range expansion of invasive pests, coupled with the adaptation of native pests, necessitate further research into how insects cope with new selection pressures. Peer reviewed pubs: Salinas, F., C. E. Astete, J. H. Waldvogel, S. Navarro, J. C. White, W. Elmer, C. Tamez, J. A. Davis, and C. M. Sabliov.  2021.  Effects of engineered lignin-graft-PLGA and zein-based nanoparticles on soybean health.  NanoImpact, 23, 100329. Lanka, S. K., B. D. Elderd, J. A. Davis, and M. J. Stout.  2021.  Jasmonic acid-induced resistance to fall armyworm in soybeans: Variation among genotypes and tradeoffs with constitutive resistance.  Basic Appl. Ecol. 56: 97-109. Dryburgh, J., and J. A. Davis. 2021. Effect of soybean variety and systemic induction on herbivore feeding guilds. Arthropod-Plant Interactions 15: 171–181. Lozano, R., D.P. Paula, D.A. Andow and R.L. Koch. 2022. Validation of reference genes across populations of Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae) for RT-qPCR analysis of gene expression related to pyrethroid detoxification. Journal of Entomological Science 57(2): xx-xx Paula, D.P., R. Lozano, J. Menger, D.A. Andow and R.L. Koch. 2021. Identification of point mutations related to pyrethroid resistance in voltage-gated sodium channel genes in Aphis glycines. Entomologia Generalis 41(3): 243-255  DOI: 10.1127/entomologia/2021/1226 Bhusal, S.J., R.L. Koch and A.J. Lorenz. 2021. Variation in soybean aphid biotypes within fields. Journal of Economic Entomology 114(3): 1336-1344   <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab058">https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab058</a> Rafael Carlesso Aita, Daniela T. Pezzini, Eric C. Burkness, Christina D. DiFonzo, Deborah L. Finke, Thomas E. Hunt, Janet J. Knodel, Christian H. Krupke, Lia Marchi-Werle, Brian McCornack, Andrew P. Michel, Christopher R. Philips, Nicholas J. Seiter, Adam J. Varenhorst, Robert J. Wright, William D. Hutchison, and Robert L. Koch. 2021. Presence–Absence Sampling Plans for Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in the Midwest Region of the United States. J. Econ. Entomol. 114(3):1362-1372.   Ademokoya, B. 2021. Stink bug (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) ecology in Nebraska agroecosystems. PhD Dissertation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln NE.   Reisig, D. D., D. Cook, J. Greene, M. Caprio, J. Gore, F. Musser, and F. Reay-Jones. 2021. Vertical and temporal distribution of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae in determinate and indeterminate soybean. Bull. Entomol. Res. 111(3): 282-288 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485320000619">https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485320000619</a>.   Tilmon, K. J., A. Michel and M. E. O’Neal.  2021.  Aphid resistance is the future for soybean production, and has been since 2004: Efforts towards a wider use of host plant resistance in soybean.  Current Opinion in Insect Science.  45:53-58   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2021.01.003.    Esquivel, C. J., L. A. Canas, K. Tilmon and A. P. Michel.  2021.  Evaluating the role of insecticidal seed treatment and refuge for managing soybean aphid virulence.  Pest Management Science. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.6328    Non-peer reviewed: Welty, C., J. Jasinski, and K. Tilmon.  2021.  Brown marmorated stink bug.  Ohio State University Extension, https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/ent-90 Raudenbush, A. and K. J. Tilmon.  2021.  Soybean gall midge alert card. Young, C. and K. Tilmon. “Soybean Defoliation: It Takes a lot to Really Matter!” CORN Newsletter: 22-2021. July 13-19, 2021. <a href="https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/22-2021/soybean-defoliation-it-takes-lot-really-matter">https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/22-2021/soybean-defoliation-it-takes-lot-really-matter</a> Michel, A., and K. Tilmon. “Remember soybean aphids? They might be in your fields” CORN Newsletter: 27-2021. Aug. 17-23, 2021. <a href="https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2021-27/remember-soybean-aphids-they-might-be-your-fields">https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2021-27/remember-soybean-aphids-they-might-be-your-fields</a> Tilmon, K. “Check out the new Michigan State/Ohio State Field Crops Insect Pest Management Guide” CORN Newsletter: 28-2021. Aug. 24-30, 2021. <a href="https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2021-28/check-out-new-michigan-stateohio-state-field-crops-insect-pest">https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2021-28/check-out-new-michigan-stateohio-state-field-crops-insect-pest</a> Tilmon, K., C. Young, A. Michel. “Late-Season Pod Feeding by Bean Leaf Beetle, Grasshopper, and Stink Bugs.” CORN Newsletter: 30-2021. Sept. 7-13, 2021. <a href="https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2021-30/late-season-pod-feeding-bean-leaf-beetle-grasshopper-and-stink">https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2021-30/late-season-pod-feeding-bean-leaf-beetle-grasshopper-and-stink</a> Lindsey, L., K. Tilmon, A. Michel. “Are You Seeing Brown Pods and Green Stems?” CORN Newsletter: 34-2021. Oct. 5-11, 2021. <a href="https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2021-34/are-you-seeing-brown-pods-and-green-stems">https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2021-34/are-you-seeing-brown-pods-and-green-stems</a>   (3) Develop coordinated best management practices (BMPs). As soybean insect pest assemblages change, there is a need to update pest management strategies. Peer reviewed pubs: Aita, R.C., D.T. Pezzini, E.C. Burkness, C.D. DiFonzo, D.L. Finke, T.E. Hunt, J.J. Knodel, C.H. Krupke, L.Marchi-Werle, B. McCornack, A.P. Michel, C.R. Philips, N.J. Seiter, A.J. Varenhorst, R.J. Wright, W.D. Hutchison and R.L. Koch. 2021. Presence-absence sampling plans for stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in the Midwest Region of the U.S. Journal of Economic Entomology 114(3): 1362–1372   <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab076">https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab076</a> Aguirre-Rojas, Lina M., Lawrent L. Buschman, Brian McCornack, William T. Schapaugh, Erin D. Scully, Kun Y. Zhu, Harold N. Trick, and Charles M. Smith. 2021. "Inheritance of Antibiosis Resistance to the Dectes Stem Borer, Dectes texanus, in Soybean PI165673" Agronomy 11, no. 4: 738. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040738 Thrash, B., A. Catchot, J. Gore, D. Cook, F. Musser, T. Irby, and J. Krutz. 2021. Effects of soybean plant population on yield loss from defoliation. J. Econ. Entomol. 114(2): 702-709. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa279">https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa279</a>   Thrash, B., A. Catchot, J. Gore, D. Cook, F. Musser, T. Irby, J. Krutz, and G. Lorenz. 2021. Effects of soybean planting date on yield loss from defoliation. J. Econ. Entomol. 114(2): 993-997. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa280">https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa280</a>   Whalen, D. A., A. L. Catchot, Jr., J. Gore, S. D. Stewart, G. M. Lorenz, D. R. Cook, F. R. Musser, J. W. Harris, and N. Krishnan. 2021. Temporal profile of neonicotinoid concentrations in cotton, corn and soybean resulting from insecticidal seed treatments. Agronomy 11(6): 1200. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11061200">https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11061200</a>   Ongaratto, S. E.*, C. M. Silveira, M. C. Santos, J. E. R. Gorri, M. M. P. Sartori, T. E. Hunt, A. L. Lourenção, E. L. L. Baldin. 2021 Resistance of soybean genotypes to Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Erebidae): antixenosis and antibiosis characterization. J. Econ. Entomol. 114(6): 2571-2580, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab197">https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab197</a> Bueno, A.F., A.R. Panizzi, T.E. Hunt, P.M. Dourado, R.M. Pitta, J. Gonçalves. 2021. Challenges for Adoption of Integrated Pest Management (IPM): The Soybean Example. Neotropical Entomology 50:5-20. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-020-00792-9">https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-020-00792-9</a> McMechan, A. J. 2021. Evaluation of at-plant soil treatment thimet against soybean gall midge, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1): 1-2. Hesler, L.S. and E. Taliercio. 2021. Resistance among selected wild soybean and associated soybean accessions against two virulent colonies of Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Phytoparasitica 49:243-251. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-020-00845-0">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-020-00845-0</a>. Hesler, L.S. and E.A. Beckendorf. 2021. Soybean aphid infestation and crop yield in relation to cultivar, foliar insecticide, and insecticidal seed treatment in South Dakota. Phytoparasitica 49:971-981. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-021-00914-y">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-021-00914-y</a>. Hesler, L.S., K.J. Tilmon, A.J. Varenhorst, S.R. Conzemius, E. Taliercio and E.A. Beckendorf. 2022. Challenges and prospects of wild soybean as a resistance source against soybean aphid. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 115:25-38. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saab033">https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saab033</a>.   Non-peer reviewed: Bateman, N.R., A.L. Catchot, D. Bao, and W.D. Crow. 2021. Residual efficacy of selected insecticides for control of soybean loopers in soybeans, 2013 (Test 2). Arthropod Manag. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab001">https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab001</a> Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticide against stink bugs in soybean 1, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab018">https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab018</a>   Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides against stink bugs in soybean 2, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab024">https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab024</a>   Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides against stink bugs in soybean 3, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab025">https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab025</a>   Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides against stink bugs in soybean 4, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab026">https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab026</a>   Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides against stink bugs in soybean 5, 2020.  Arthropod Management Tests 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab106">https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab106</a>   Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Impact of selected insecticide seed treatments on soybean stand establishment and yield 1, 2019. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab021">https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab021</a>   Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Impact of selected insecticide seed treatment on soybean stand and establishment and yield 2, 2019. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab109">https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab109</a>   Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Impact of early season insecticide applications on soybean stand establishment, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab017">https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab017</a>    Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Impact of selected insecticide seed treatments on soybean stand establishment and yield, 2020. Arthropod Management Test. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab086">https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab086</a>   Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Performance of selected insecticides against corn earworm infesting soybean, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab019">https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab019</a>   Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Performance of selected insecticides against soybean looper in soybean, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab020">https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab020</a>   Crow, W.D., A.L. Catchot, D. Bao. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides on kudzu bug in soybean, 2015. Arthropod Manag. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab033">https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab033</a>   Crow, W.D., A.L. Catchot, D. Bao. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides for control of Lepidoptera pests in soybean, 2016. Arthropod Manag. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab034">https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab034</a>   Crow, W.D., A.L. Catchot, D. Bao. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides for control of Lepidoptera pests in soybean, 2016 (Test 2). Arthropod Manag. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab035">https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab035</a>   Crow, W.D., A.L. Catchot, D. Bao. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides for control of Lepidoptera pests in soybean, 2017. Arthropod Manag. 46(1).  <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab154">https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab154</a>   Crow, W.D., A.L. Catchot, D. Bao. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides for control of redbanded stink bug in soybean, 2017. Arthropod Manag. 46(1).  <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab153">https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab153</a>   Crow, W.D., A.L. Catchot, D. Bao. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides for control of  soybean insect pests, 2016. Arthropod Manag. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab132">https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab132</a> Smith, J.H, W.D. Crow,, A.L. Catchot, D. Bao. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticide for soybean looper control in soybean, 2020. Arthropod Manag. 46(1). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab145">https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab145</a>    (4) Educate farmers, industry, colleagues, general public, and agricultural professionals using traditional tools and innovative methods. Our Working Group works extensively with stakeholders at all levels. For our clientele, we represent one of the only unbiased sources of information for decision-making of IPM strategies. Peer reviewed pubs: Huseth, A.S., R.L. Koch, D. Reisig, J.A. Davis, S. Paula-Moraes and E.W. Hodgson. 2021. Current distribution and population persistence of five lepidopteran pests in U.S. soybean. Journal of Integrated Pest Management 12(1): 1-10   https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmab004 Knodel, J.J., P. Beauzay, and K. Hoppe. 2021. Blister Beetle Management in Forages and Field Crops E1002 (revised). NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND.   Calles-Torrez, V., P. Beauzay, T.J. Prochaska and J.J. Knodel. 2021. Common Natural Enemies of Insect Pests E2013. NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND.   Knodel, J.J., P. Beauzay, M.A. Boetel, T.J. Prochaska and A. Chirumamilla. 2020. 2021 North Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guide E1143 (revised). NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND. <a href="https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/ag-hub/publications/north-dakota-field-crop-insect-management-guide">https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/ag-hub/publications/north-dakota-field-crop-insect-</a> <a href="https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/ag-hub/publications/north-dakota-field-crop-insect-management-guide">management-guide</a>   Casey, Mary Anne, Kevin B. Rice, Thomas E. Hunt. 2021. Farmers Needs Related to Soybean Insect Pests: Focus Group Interviews with Soybean Growers & Crop Consultants. (pp. 42). North Central Soybean Research Program. McMechan, A.J., T. Hunt and R. Wright. Soybean Gall Midge in Nebraska. NebGuide G2331. University of Nebraska-Lincoln. April 2021.   Non-peer reviewed: Sisson, A.J., D.S. Mueller, S.P. Conley, C.K Gerber, S.H. Graham, E.W. Hodgson, T.R. Leglieter, P.P. Price, K.J. Schaefer, E.J. Sikora, T.H. Wilkerson and K.L. Wise. 2021. Crop Scouting Basics for Corn and Soybean. Crop Protection Network. CPN 4007 Doi.org/10.31274/cpn-20201214-0.   Knodel, J.J., Beauzay, P.B., Friskop, A., and Markell, S. 2021. IPM crop survey starts in ND and MN. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #6 (June 3, 2021).   Knodel, J.J. 2021. Grasshopper update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #7  (June 10, 2021).   Knodel, J.J. 2021. Soybean aphids and sider mites starting. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #8 (June 17, 2021).   Calles-Torrez, V., and Knodel, J.J. 2021. Soybean gall midge update in North Dakota. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #9 (June 24, 2021).   Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #11 (July 8, 2021).   Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #12 (July 15, 2021).   Beauzay, P.B., and Knodel, J.J. 2021. Which insecticide is best for grasshopper control? NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #12 (July 15, 2021).   Beauzay, P.B., and Knodel, J.J. 2021. Red-headed flea beetle in soybeans and corn. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #12 (July 15, 2021).   Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #13 (July 22, 2021).   Beauzay, P.B., and Knodel, J.J. 2021. Scout for spider mites in soybeans, dry beans and corn. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #13 (July 22, 2021).   Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #14 (July 29, 2021).   Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #15 (August 5, 2021).

Impact Statements

Multi-state efforts highlight the significants of stink bugs as a major pest of soybean highlighting the need for continued research

Date of Annual Report: 05/12/2023

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 03/12/2023 - 03/12/2023
Period the Report Covers: 02/16/2022 - 03/12/2023

Participants

Angus Catchot (Administrator, Mississippi State University)
Ben Thrash (University of Arkansas), David Owens (University of Delaware), Dominic Reisig (North Carolina State University), Don Cook (Mississippi State University), Fred Musser (Mississippi State University),Janet Knodel (North Dakota State University), Jeremy Greene (Clemson University), Joe LaForest (Southern IPM Center), Joseph Spencer (University of Illinois), Justin McMechan (University of Nebraska-Lincoln), Kelley Tilmon (The Ohio State University), Louis Hesler (USDA-ARS), Michael Crossley (University of Delaware), Raul Villanueva (University of Kentucky), Robert Koch (University of Minnesota), Robert Wright (University of Nebraska-Lincoln), Sally Taylor (Virginia Tech), Scott Graham (Auburn University), Sebe Brown (University of Tennessee), Silvana Paula-Moraes (University of Florida), Tyler Towles (Louisiana State University), Whitney Crow (Mississippi State University),

Brief Summary of Minutes

Accomplishments

Numerous scouting efforts, research trials, and insecticide tests conducted by all members of the S1080 group to inform stakeholders, refine management decision aids and guidance, and provide knowledge base for advancing IPM practices. In addition, new species were noted from several states. Multiple pests monitored with pheromone traps (stink bug, corn earworm, soybean looper, Helicoverpa armigera). Soybean insect losses are compiled annually. The report covering 2021 includes data from 18 states representing 54% of U.S. soybean acreage. Over time, the changes in infestation and injury reported can provide an indication of the spread or contraction of insect populations with changes in weather and production practices.   Insecticide resistance monitoring continuing in multiple states targeting multiple pests, including Spodoptera exigua, soybean aphid, soybean looper, and corn earworm. New control technology was evaluated by members and demonstrated that nanoparticles have promise to deliver insecticides.   25 peer reviewed publications were authored or co-authored by S1080 members in the previous year, as well as 18 non peer-reviewed articles and publications, not to mention innumerable blog posts giving in-season updates for stakeholders.   Webinars, videos, and blog posts are the primary means of educating stakeholders in-season along with county and state-level extension meetings. These efforts are partially responsible for saving significant amount of money by stakeholders. North Carolina estimates that a major Extension effort targeting stink bugs alone via the NCCE portal system, assuming 15% of NC soybean acres were treated according to extension recommendations, growers would have secured an estimated savings of over $2.4 million.

Publications

Publication citations are in the attached S1080 state reports submitted for the annual S1080 meeting.

Impact Statements

Webinars, videos, and blog posts are the primary means of educating stakeholders in-season along with county and state-level extension meetings. These efforts are partially responsible for saving significant amount of money by stakeholders. North Carolina estimates that a major Extension effort targeting stink bugs alone via the NCCE portal system, assuming 15% of NC soybean acres were treated according to extension recommendations, growers would have secured an estimated savings of over $2.4 million.