NCCC_old212: Small Fruit and Viticulture Research

(Multistate Research Coordinating Committee and Information Exchange Group)

Status: Inactive/Terminating

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SAES-422 Reports

Annual/Termination Reports:

[12/07/2016] [12/21/2017] [12/20/2018] [01/06/2020] [01/03/2021]

Date of Annual Report: 12/07/2016

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 10/23/2016 - 10/26/2016
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2015 - 09/30/2016

Participants

Baird, Vance
Michigan State University
Bland, William
North Carolina State University
Bradish, Christine
North Carolina State University
Coneva, Elina
Auburn University
Conway, Mikel
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Das, Sanghamitra
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Demchak, Kathy
Pennsylvania State University
DeVetter, Lisa
Washington State University
Dossett, Michael
British Columbia Blueberry Council
Edger, Patrick
Michigan State University
Embree, Charles
Auburn University (Guest)
Finn, Chad
USDA-ARS, Oregon
Flanagan III, Roy
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Friedrich, Heather
University of Arkansas
Garcia, Elena
University of Arkansas
Gu, Sanjun
North Carolina A and T State University
Handley, David
University of Maine
Hatterman-Valenti, Harlene
North Dakota State University
Hummer, Kim
USDA National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Oregon
Iorizzo, Massimo
North Carolina State University
Jamieson, Andrew
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Kramer, Maria
Pennsylvania State University
Lewers, Kim
USDA, Maryland
McWhirt, Amanda
University of Arkansas
Nitzsche, Peter
Rutgers University
Patrick, Moore
Washington State University-Puyallup REC
Petran, Andrew
University of Minnesota
Rajevich, Jillian
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Samtani, Jayesh
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Spencer, Jessica
North Carolina State University
Weber, Courtney
Cornell University

Participants Attachment:

NCCC 212 2016 Participants.docx

Brief Summary of Minutes

Minutes of NCCC-212 Business Meeting

Virginia Beach, VA

Date: 10-25-16

Jayesh Samtani of Virginia Tech called the meeting to order at 8:05 a.m. Kathy Demchak from Penn State University served as secretary, as Penn State will be the host institution for the 2017 meeting.

The agenda for this year’s annual meeting was reviewed.

Old Business.

Minutes: The 2015 minutes were reviewed and approved as written. Jayesh mentioned that articles cited for the report should be of the type found when searching a database, so readers can find the articles if they wish to do so.

Use of meeting time: It was generally agreed that we would like to use the meeting time for discussing state reports and coordinating future activities. We find out what others are doing from the state reports, and discussions surrounding them have potential to result in future collaborations. Presentations of reports also provide the opportunity for members who have more recently joined to learn about current work. The overall conclusion was that members should send topics of interest for either collaborations or workshops to the chairs of the meeting each year few weeks ahead of the meeting, so that time for them can be included in the agenda.

CGC meeting: CGC members asked whether the CGC (Crop Germplasm Committee) meeting time and length should be changed to avoid needing to plan separate activities for non-CGC members or whether CGC meeting content should be made more relevant to other attendees. No significant changes were planned though the CGC meeting next year will take place on the day before the formal NCCC-212 meeting.

Attendance by industry: The feeling of the group is that attendance by industry representatives is of value. However, the stipulation is that all attendees, including those from industry, must bring a report that shares information with everyone. There is the potential to increase collaborations for grants where industry partners may be able to play a role. While industry attendees have generally been breeders from private companies, other types of businesses could be included. NCCC-212 members should send Vance Baird information on industry contacts that may be interested in joining the group, as he can invite them. They will not be official representatives, but would have access to on-line information such as by-laws and minutes and could attend the meeting.

New Business.

Attendance by University and USDA personnel: A list of past and future members should be maintained that includes research and extension personnel with small fruit and grape responsibilities. A number of individuals who normally would have been participants were dropped off the NCCC-212 list when they didn’t attend recent meetings.

Upcoming meeting locations: This list of meeting locations for the last 10 years was reviewed. Lisa DeVetter from Washington State (Mount Vernon) volunteered to host the 2018 meeting. Kathy Demchak will ask Mary Rogers from the Univ. of Minnesota whether she is still willing to host the meeting in 2019, as Mary had been willing to host at the time of the 2015 meeting. This would bring the meeting back its home Northcentral region after being held elsewhere for a number of years.

Time of the annual meeting: Points made were that if the annual meeting were held earlier in the fall, there would more time for development of collaborations and grant submissions for the ensuing year; however, it was determined that this would leave insufficient time between field data collection and the meeting. Delaying the meeting time could be helpful in years when the project renewal is due, as this would allow more time between meeting authorization and the meeting itself in order to obtain travel approvals from attendee’s Experiment Stations.

2017 meeting at Penn State: Kathy Demchak asked whether attendees would prefer to have the meeting at the same location as in 2007 or somewhere closer to downtown State College and campus. It was agreed that closer to campus would be preferable as long as any increase in the hotel rate was reasonable. The 2017 meeting at Penn State will be held from Tuesday, Oct. 24 through Thursday, Oct. 26 2017.

Project renewal. The group thanked Elina Coneva for her work on the project renewal.

Lisa DeVetter motioned to approve the meeting minutes from last year. Pat Moore seconded. The minutes were approved and the meeting was adjourned.

Appended section: Impact Statements:

Objective 1

(Alabama) The fruit industry in Alabama is provided new knowledge on the performance and production systems of previously underutilized high-value specialty crops.

Two commercial vineyards in Alabama were certified to cultivate the newly bred grape selections, showing resistance to Pierce’s Disease.

(Arkansas) Baby Cakes™ (APF-236T) blackberry, a dwarf blackberry will enter the market this winter. It has been developed cooperatively with Fall Creek Nursery as a part of their ‘Brazelberries” line of garden plants. FCN has since sold this product line to Star Roses, so it will marketed by this new owner. This is a result, as well as ‘Sharon’s Delight” (APF-132) (licensed in Japan), of breeding in the area of reduced internode and dwarf plants in blackberry. These are both home garden products, but this altered architecture will be utilized in commercial berry breeding and potentially useful in the substrate production area that is growing in practice with caneberries in the world.

(Arkansas) Major increases in primocane-fruiting blackberry cultivars has occurred in recent years, and this late summer to fall crop has become a component of the domestic blackberry marketing season. The production is for both the shipping and local markets.

(Arkansas) The wine grapes ‘Opportunity’ (A-2245) and ‘Enchantment’ (A-2467) were released in 2016. ‘Opportunity’ is a white vine cultivar, derived from ‘Cayuga’ and ‘Semillon’ mainly, and has shown good production over the years and good wine quality. ‘Enchantment’ is a red cultivar that combines multiple species. In grapes, the impact is much less than blackberries. although increased plantings of the new cultivars along with ‘Jupiter’ and ‘Neptune’ in a range of states in the east and Pacific Northwest are being made. These are mainly for the local market.

(Maryland) The use of low-tunnel system in breeding program has resulted in a much longer season for evaluation, a greater ability to observe potential fruit yield and quality, and the ability to evaluate and select for resistance or tolerance to several pests and abiotic stresses sequentially rather than simultaneously, an advantage when the presence of one stressor impairs a breeder’s ability to evaluate for one or more other stressors.

(Multi-state- Oregon, Maryland, South Carolina) We deposited in a public database 3,507 raspberry gene sequences and 351 SSR markers. Raspberry breeders and geneticists worldwide will use them to map important traits.

(Multi-state-Oregon, British Columbia, North Carolina); A high-quality annotated genome sequence of black raspberry and transcriptome sequences from diverse plant tissues were developed and made public. This will serve as the reference genome for Rubus crops (red and black raspberry, blackberry). The reference genome with gene annotations from the transcriptome sequencing provides researchers with the ability to compare genomic regions and genes of interest across other members of Rosaceae and outside of the family. These comparisons provide opportunities to expand knowledge on how genes function in plants.

(Multi-state-Oregon, British Columbia, North Carolina): A marker for black raspberries has been identified that can distinguish susceptible from resistant individuals to aphids and two markers that can distinguish the Maine source from the Ontario and Michigan sources have been identified.

(Mulit-state-Oregon, British Columbia): ‘Sweet Sunrise’ and ‘Charm’ strawberry cultivars patented. ‘Marys Peak’ strawberry just released.

(Mult-state-Washington, Oregon) Small fruit plant sales in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) for 2016 were reported by plant propagators. The PNW public breeding programs developed small fruit cultivars that comprise 72% of the raspberry PNW plant sales, 60% of the strawberry plant sales and 85% of the blackberry plant sales. The value of production for 2015 in Oregon and Washington was $21.1 million for strawberries, $96.1 million for raspberries and $40.4 million for blackberries.

(New Jersey) NJ99-204-1 has been named ‘Rutgers Scarlet’ strawberry and released in limited quantity in 2015 and licensed to two commercial nurseries.

(New York) The Cornell strawberry breeding program focuses on developing varieties for perennial productions systems in cold climates. This production system is still prevalent in the upper Midwest and Northeastern U.S. and is especially important for many producers selling into the local food markets. ‘Archer’ strawberry variety will be released for the 2017 growing season.

(New York) Developing productive, high quality raspberry varieties for cold climate areas strengthens local economies and enhances the local food movement. Cornell varieties currently allow from growers in NY to produce raspberries from mid-June to November by utilizing varieties with varying production seasons and protected production systems like high tunnels and/or rain shields. Varieties are being developed with larger, better tasting fruit with longer shelf life to allow growers to access a wider market for their fruit.

(New York) Primocane blackberry breeding project has the potential to revolutionize blackberry production in cold climate areas. New varieties will provide growers the opportunity to introduce a new crop into their market by allowing the reliable production blackberries in areas where low winter temperatures prohibits this now.

(North Carolina) Two NC State short day strawberry genotypes are scheduled for release for growers in the Mid-Southern states.

(Oregon-Postman) TobRSV virus was detected for the first time in Rubus at National Clonal Germplasm Repository.

(Oregon-Hummer et al.) Eighteen molecular markers have been identified that appear to be associated with one or more sources of resistance to aphids in the black raspberry source populations (ORUS 4304, ORUS 4305, and ORUS 4812).

(Oregon-Hummer et al) A blackberry fingerprinting set was developed that confirmed true-to-type 240 blackberries to the eastern and western blackberry populations.

(Oregon-Hummer et al) The 129 bp allele for marker Bx215 was found to be associated with remontancy inherited from a F. virginiana subsp. glauca accession collected in the Wasatch Mountains of Utah.

(Oregon-Finn, Strik) ‘Columbia Giant’ blackberry released and patent application filed in 2015.

(Oregon-Finn, Strik) ‘Columbia Sunrise’ blackberry released and patent application filed in 2016.

(Oregon) ‘ORUS 289-1’ blueberry is being released for ornamental market.

(Oregon/Michigan): ‘Baby Blues’ blueberry submitted for patent

(Pennsylvania) Growers have information on blueberry and strawberry cultivar performance and disease and insect susceptibilities so they can make well-founded choices related to cultivars that they plan to grow on their farms.

Objective 2

(Arkansas) In 2017, information on broad mite biology, scouting and a recommended miticide (Agri-Mek) is being added to state and regional pest management spray guides. Several newsletters have been distributed to growers in Arkansas and Pennsylvania informing growers of broad mites and the damage caused to blackberries.

(Maine) The video on ‘How to plant raspberries’ has over 41,000 views since posting and won National Winner, Communication Award, Video - National Association of County Agricultural Agents (2016)

(Maryland) The low-tunnel system shows great promise for commercial strawberry production up to nine months locally, even with varieties that were not developed locally.

(North Dakota) Through germplasm evaluation and enhancement trials, and examining practices for season extension and to avoid winter injury, profitable farm diversification practices and locally produced small fruit will become available in the state of North Dakota.

(New York) The project on low-tunnels and day-neutral strawberries is developing information for growers about varieties and growing techniques that have not traditionally been utilized in the Northeastern U.S. Adapting varieties and annual production practices to a cold climate region requires more precise information on timing of plantings, plant types and varieties to minimize the risk to income due to weather, pests and low production output. This information is vital for growers to extend their production season, access wider markets and provide a more stable income stream.

(Oregon-Walton/Wiman). Biotic and abiotic factors impacting development, behavior, phenology, and reproductive biology of Drosophila suzukii This work summarizes the important factors affecting D. suzukii impact on fruit, and helped provide guidance to develop management techniques to minimize egg-laying and survival. The overwintering and summer biology of this insect is described. This information helps to better target susceptible seasonal periods of this insect.

(Oregon-Walton) Impact of floral feeding on adult Drosophila suzukii survival and nutrient status. This study addressed the impact of feeding on the survival and nutrient reserves of adult D. suzukii. We showed the importance of cherry blossoms and other alternate hosts to D. suzukii survival. These data have management implications for surrounding vegetation of this insect. These results illustrate the importance of adult feeding in enhancing survival and carbohydrate reserves among D. suzukii.

(Oregon-Walton/Wiman) Drosophila suzukii population response to the environment and management strategies. We determined that the initiation of the reproductive period of late dormant field-collected female D. suzukii ranged from 50-800 DD from January 1. This suggests that D. suzukii females can reproduce early in the season and are probably limited by availability of early host plants. The newer DD population model can be used to examine stage-specific mortality effects of IPM practices from insecticides and parasitoids at the field level. We found that adulticides applied during the early season will result in the largest comparative population decrease. It is clear from model outputs that parasitism levels comparable to those found in field studies may have a limited effect on population growth.

(Oregon-Walton) Environmental cues enhance winter survival of Drosophila suzukii. To date, research conducted on D. suzukii cold resistance suggests that this species cannot overwinter in northern locations, e.g. Canada and Michigan. Combining physiological investigations with RNA sequencing, we present potential mechanisms by which D. suzukii can overwinter in these regions. This work may ultimately lead to more accurate population models that take into account seasonal variation in physiological parameters and development of better management strategies.

(Oregon-Walton) Population dynamics and ecology of Drosophila suzukii in Central California. This study described the importance of alternate hosts and the impact of high temperature. The most significant finding from this work was that d. suzukii can lay eggs that can survive in fruit juices. These eggs can further develop into larvae and cause additional infestation. We proved through this work the importance of field sanitation against D. suzukii.

(Oregon-Walton) First exploration of parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii in South Korea as potential classical biological agents. Several of the South Korean parasitoid species were imported to the USA and have the potential for use in classical biological control and may contribute to the suppression of D. suzukii in the newly invaded regions.

(Oregon-Strik) Application of liquid calcium sources, using several commercially-available products within the recommended label rate of Ca as a foliar, targeted application to developing fruit did not increase the %Ca of blueberry, blackberry, raspberry, or strawberry fruit or leaves and had no impact on fruit quality. Growers are advised to not use these products at present recommended rates in these crops with a goal of improved fruit Ca and quality.

(Oregon-Strik) In floricane-fruiting blackberry we are developing cultivar specific sampling recommendations and standards to help growers better manage fertilizer programs optimizing use efficiency and plant performance.

(Oregon-Dixon/Strik) Weed management strategies, training time, and the cultivar being grown were found to affect many growth factors, yield, and nutrient and carbon content of trailing blackberry when grown in a certified organic production system, machine-harvested for processing. Weed control, using weed mat or hand-weeding, increased yield 19% and 61% over non-weeded plots, on average, in ‘Marion’ and ‘Black Diamond’, respectively. It is clear that weed control is critical in this type of blackberry. Only training in February is recommended if ‘Marion’ is grown, to minimize risk of winter cold injury. There was no training time effect in ‘Black Diamond’. Yields of the best performing organic treatments were comparable to those seen in conventional production showing promise for industry growth. However, the life of organically-grown ‘Black Diamond’ may be limited if it becomes infested with raspberry crown borer (Pennisetia marginata Harris), a pest that is difficult to control in this organic production system; only this cultivar was sensitive to the pest.

(Oregon-Dixon/Strik) In trailing blackberry grow in certified organic production systems, there was no impact of withholding irrigation after fruit harvest (August and September) saving an estimated 500,000 L·ha-1 per year. We are currently evaluating root system distribution in these cultivars and treatments.

(Oregon-Dixon/Strik) Despite the relatively low cost of a no weed control strategy in trailing blackberry, low yield significantly reduced net returns (gross fruit sales – weed management costs). The hand-weeded and weed mat management strategies increased net returns by 40% and 71% compared to non-weeded, respectively. Weed mat had a 22% greater cumulative net return than the hand-weeded treatment. Weed mat increased growth, yield, and net returns and appears to be an excellent option for weed management in machine-harvested organic trailing blackberry.

(Oregon-Strik) From 2006, the start of our study, through 2014, total blueberry harvested area in Oregon increased from 4,400 to an estimated 10,000 acres. Organic area in Oregon increased from an estimated 60 acres in 2006 to an estimated 1500 to 2000 acres in 2014. The phenomenal increase in organic area planted in Oregon can be attributed, at least in a large share, to our positive research findings. The farm gate value of organic production in Oregon in 2006 was estimated at $2.7 million (1% of fresh production x $1.56/lb); this value increased to $8.4 million (9.5% of fresh production x $2.45/lb). Organic fruit has increased grower price by an average of 20% to 50% compared to conventional.

(Oregon-Strik) Over 95% of the planted organic area in Oregon is estimated to be established on raised beds using weed mat mulch. In addition, the use of weed mat mulch in new conventional plantings in Oregon has increased from an estimated 10% of the acreage in 2006 to more than 80% of the new acreage from 2010-2014. We believe that our positive findings have had a significant impact on the establishment of weed mat mulch as a “standard” production system in Oregon at present. Growers with weed mat use an average of 2 fewer strip herbicide applications per year than those with sawdust mulch, saving $100 per acre. During the 6 years of this study, the impact of this would be $280,000 (2,800 acres planted with weed mat x $100).

(Oregon-Strik/Vance) In a long-term organic blueberry trial, weed presence increased as the planting aged and costs of weed management continued to increase with organic mulches whereas the weed mat had relatively low weed control costs throughout the product lifespan (5−7 years). The cumulative labor requirements to control weeds in the weed mat, sawdust, and compost+sawdust treatments were 270, 1085, and 1309 h/ha, respectively. Weed mat increased cumulative yield (years 2−8) 4% compared to the organic mulches. Even with the small increase in yield, weed mat was the most economical method of weed control, increasing net income 13% and 22% in ‘Liberty’ and ‘Duke’, respectively, compared to compost+sawdust mulch.

(Oregon-Strik) Given the impact of the various organic production systems tested over 8 years, research is underway to assess the long-term impact of these practices on soil and plant nutrient status and yield. The goal is to develop nutrient management guidelines for organic blueberry production.

(Oregon-Skinkis). Results to date show that ‘Pinot noir’ is fruitful at basal buds and can produce sufficient fruit to meet target yields according to current industry yield standards. The greater the cane diameter, the greater the fruitfulness, suggesting that growers must not limit their cane selection at pruning to just pencil diameter canes. Also, results suggest that spur pruning may be a viable option for ‘Pinot noir’ vineyards, and spur pruning is typically a less costly pruning method than cane pruning and could result in cost savings to the grower. Information that we obtain about causes of low fruitfulness will allow us to provide growers with management practices to potentially adjust vine vigor and increase yield for more balanced growth and more sustainable yields long term.

(Oregon-Skinkis) Our work provides an evaluation of rapid methods for mapping canopy leaf distributions, determining canopy density and estimating exterior leaf area in VSP canopies where heavy management, dense canopies with intertwining shoots and tendrils complicate traditional methods for measuring grapevine canopies in research. Methods outlined by this research provide researchers with a non-destructive means by which to estimate leave area and may increase accuracy in quantifying canopy metrics, and help in the interpretation of results from studies conducted in vertically hedged grapevines.

(Oregon-Skinkis) The statewide crop load project indicates that cluster thinning has less impact on quality than the vineyard site itself, and it is not consistent in achieving certain fruit parameters at harvest. Through active engagement in this research, vineyard managers and winemakers have learned how to implement research on their site and how to utilize data collection protocols. Many of them report having a greater understanding of the whole vineyard system, are much more observant in the vineyard, and are beginning to look at yield management differently. Some collaborators have begun to change their yield management practices in other blocks outside of their research blocks and consider the impact this is making on wines during different vintages. Cluster thinning is conducted using manual labor, averaging 40 hours and $700-800/acre annually. If no thinning is required to achieve wine quality, a $700-800/acre savings can be realized, a lower dependence on labor, and there could be a 10-40% increase in yields. If growers can increase yields by a modest 0.5 tons/acre, this would increase profits by nearly $130,000 annually for a 50-acre vineyard.

(Oregon-Skinkis) This information serves as a physiological basis for further studies being conducted on crop thinning/yield management in the labs of the PIs. Results suggest that growers do not need to limit yield to ensure a healthy vine or return productivity of ‘Pinot noir’ under the growing conditions of western Oregon. Furthermore, these results suggest that additional fertilization is not required in the short-term when vines are cropped to full capacity. Another study (Statewide Crop Load Project) will be monitoring effect on nutrient status and vine growth productivity long-term.

(Oregon-Vance/Strik) New information being learned will provide table grape growers in the Willamette Valley, Oregon with cultivar recommendations for fresh fruit quality.

(Pennsylvania) Growers are better able to successfully establish blueberry plantings on soils that are not of the types traditionally used for blueberry production. This is an important improvement since they struggle to successfully establish plantings in these locations.

(Pennsylvania) K-12 teachers learned about various aspects of agricultural research as part of an “Ag in the Classroom” experience to assist in relating various subjects, in particular physics, biology and current events, through an Ag in the Classroom learning opportunity.

(Virginia) Many growers in Virginia and North Carolina are trialing ‘Ruby June’ strawberry in open-field production in 2016-17 growing season.

Objective 3

(Oregon-Zhao) The study on chitosan based microencapsulation of blueberry anthocyanin extracts provided new information about the technology for stabilizing blueberry anthocyanin extracts during ambient storage.

(Oregon-Zhao) Quantification of bioactive compounds and physicochemical property of berry fruit pomace provide baseline data for the selection of suitable pomace for developing various value-added applications.

Accomplishments

<h2>OBJECTIVE 1 - Develop improved small fruit germplasm through cooperative breeding and evaluation programs.</h2> <h3>Blackberry and Raspberry:</h3> Blackberry breeding, testing and other blackberry research under John Clark, University of Arkansas; Chad Finn, USDA-ARS; Jim Luby, University of Minnesota; Courtney Weber, Cornell University; Jay Spiers/Elina Coneva, Auburn University; Gina Fernandez/Penny Perkins-Veazie, North Carolina State University; Nahla Bassil, USDA-ARS; Fumi Takeda, USDA-ARS; Kirk Pomper, Kentucky State University. Development and evaluation of machine-harvestable raspberries for the Pacific Northwest. Patrick Moore, Washington State University; Chad Finn, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR; Eric Gerbrandt (BC). Evaluation of red raspberry selections for machine harvestability on commercial grower field. Moore, Washington State Univ; Dossett, BC Blueberry Council; Finn, USDA-Oregon. Developing the genomic infrastructure of black raspberry for marker-assisted breeding. Nahla Bassil, USDA-ARS-NCGR, Corvallis, OR; Chad Finn, USDA-ARS-HCRU, Corvallis, OR; Jungmin Lee, USDA-ARS-HCRU, Parma, Idaho, many different collaborators. Mapping resistance to root rot and RBDV in red raspberry. Patrick Moore, Washington State University. ESTs and SSRs for red raspberry and black raspberry. Bushakra USDA-ARS Corvallis OR; K. Lewers, USDA-ARS, Beltsville MD; M. Staton, T. Zhebentyayeva, C. Saski, Clemson University, Clemson SC. Evaluating primocane fruiting selections for adaptation to northern conditions. Jim Luby, University of Minnesota; John Clark, University of Arkansas; Courtney Weber, Cornell University. Evaluating red raspberry cultivars for winter hardiness and fruit quality. David Dai, North Dakota State University. Genetic enhancement of blackberries and raspberries with improved market oriented quality attributes. Martine Dorais, Andrew Jamieson et al., AAFC, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Floricane and Primocane Red Raspberry Breeding. Courtney Weber, Cornell University; Patrick Moore, Washington State University; Gina Fernandez, North Carolina State University; Chad Finn, USDA-ARS, Oregon. Molecular profiling and diversity analyses of 226 red raspberry, black raspberry, and blackberry cultivars and selections was conducted using six simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Fernandez et al., North Carolina State University. Evaluating heat tolerance in two black raspberry populations. Fernandez et al., North Carolina State University. Pathogen testing of the National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) Genebank plant collections. Kim Hummer et al., USDA-ARS, Oregon. Understanding aphid resistance in black raspberry. Kim Hummer et al., USDA-ARS, Oregon. DNA testing in blackberry to confirm parentage in eastern and western blackberry populations. Kim Hummer et al., USDA-ARS, Oregon. Four blackberry selections: ORUS 2711-1, ORUS 2816-4, ORUS 3453-2, ORUS 4024-3 slated for release. Finn, USDA; Strik, Oregon State University. Evaluating winter hardiness and machine harvestability of blackberry genotypes. Finn, USDA; Strik, Oregon State University. Completing phenotyping of RosBREED project. Finn et al., USDA-Oregon; John Clark, University of Arkansas. Developing early ripening primocane fruiting selections for Oregon climatic conditions. Finn, USDA-ARS Oregon; Strik, Oregon State University; Clark, University of Arkansas. New primocane fruiting red raspberry named ‘Kokanee’. Finn, USDA; Strik, Oregon State University; Patrick Moore, Washington State University. Evaluating red raspberry selections for tolerance to root rot at WSU Puyallup. P. Moore, Washington State Univ; Dossett, BC Blueberry Council; Finn, USDA-Oregon. Evaluation of performance of raspberry selections in the Pacific Northwest. Moore, Washington State University; Finn, USDA-Oregon; Dossett, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. <h3>Blueberry & Huckleberry:</h3> Performance of Recently Released Rabbiteye Blueberry (Vaccinium ashei) Cultivars and Selections in North Alabama. E. Coneva and A. Caylor, Auburn University; Scott NeSmith, University of Georgia. Development of blueberry germplasm for fruit quality and disease resistance in British Columbia. Michael Dossett. BC Blueberry Council. Generating a chromosome scale blueberry genome assembly. Spencer, Ashrafi et al., North Carolina State University. Expansion of plant genetic resources in Vaccinium to include heat tolerant and low chilling species unrepresented in collection. Kim Hummer et al., USDA-ARS, Oregon. Evaluation of Vaccinium cultivars in the NCGR collection for viruses. Kim Hummer et al., USDA-ARS Oregon. Development of a DNA test for confirming identity in blueberry. Kim Hummer et al., USDA-ARS Oregon. Cryopreservation of Vaccinium. Kim Hummer et al., USDA-ARS Oregon. Breeding for Blueberry shock virus (BlShV) resistance. Finn et al., USDA-Oregon. Blueberry cultivar comparison on an “upland” soil.  Rich Marini and Kathy Demchak, Penn State; Jim Luby, University of Minnesota; Jim Hancock, Michigan State University. <h3>Elderberry:</h3> none <h3>Grapes:</h3> Viticultural Potential of Three Pierce's Disease-Resistant Vitis vinifera L. Selections Grown in Central Alabama. E. Coneva, A. Svyantek, and J. Pitts, Auburn University; Andy Walker, UC Davis. Cooperation of University of Arkansas in selection testing with Bernadine Strik, Oregon State University; Elina Coneva, Auburn University; John Strange and Jeff Wheeler, University of Kentucky; Patrick Conner, University of Georgia. Cold-hearty Grape Cultivar Development. Matthew Clark, University of Minnesota. Testing three white wine selections from AAFC breeding program. Martine Dorais, Andrew Jamieson et al., AAFC, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Breeding and evaluation of muscadine grapes. Perkins-Veazie et al., North Carolina State University. <h3>Ribes:</h3> none <h3>Strawberry:</h3> Development and evaluation of fresh-market strawberries for the Pacific Northwest.  Patrick Moore, Washington State University; Chad Finn, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR; Eric Gerbrandt, British Columbia. Evaluation of low-tunnel strawberry production to develop repeat-fruiting varieties. K. Lewers, D. Fleisher, C. Daughtry, T. Yang, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD. Ties in with work lead by E. Hanson. SSR markers linked to day-neutrality and fruit quality traits in octoploid strawberry. K. Lewers, P. Castro, S. Wang, J. Die, J. Rowland, USDA-ARS Beltsville MD. Conducting replicated field research and grower observation trials of strawberry selections developed at Rutgers NJAES. Gojko Jelenkovic, Peter Nitzsche, William Hlubik, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. Improving strawberry germplasm with Xanthomonas fragariae resistance. Martine Dorais, Andrew Jamieson et al., AAFC, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Short day strawberry breeding- traditional breeding for matted row production. Courtney Weber, Cornell University. Day-neutral strawberry breeding-integrating low tunnels into breeding program. Courtney Weber, Cornell University. Evaluating advanced selections of strawberry. Fernandez et al., North Carolina State University. Testing strawberry accessions for viruses at NCGR. Kim Hummer et al., USDA-ARS Oregon. Developing DNA tests to predict remontancy. Kim Hummer et al., USDA-ARS Oregon. RosBREED connecting phenotypes to genotypes. Bassil, Zurn, Hancock, Finn, Ivors, Knapp, Moore, Whitaker, Davis, Mahoney and a cast of dozens with Iezzoni overall PD. Evaluation of Strawberry Cultivars and Selections for Plasticulture and Matted-Row Production. Kathy Demchak, Tim Elkner, and Rich Marini, Penn State; Courtney Weber, Cornell University; Pete Nitzsche, Rutgers University; Andrew Jamieson, AAFC-Nova Scotia. Strawberry cultivar trails. Handley, D., M. Hutton and J. Dill, University of Maine. <h3>Other small fruit crops:</h3>  Testing chokecherry lines for resistance to X-disease in North Dakota. David Dai, North Dakota State University. Nursery evaluation of native Juneberry to common cultivars available in Canada and the US.  Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University. Extensive collection of kiwiberry accessions (primarily Actinidia arguta) at historic properties in the northeastern US. Bob Guthrie, University of Minnesota; Iago Hale, University of New Hampshire. Evaluating hardy kiwi (Actinidia argute) selections for productivity and fruit quality. Finn et al., Oregon State University. Feasibility of Haskap (Honeyberry) Lonicera production in Northwestern Pennsylvania.  Bryan Hed and Jody Timer, Pennsylvania State University. Evaluation of performance of cranberry selections in the Pacific Northwest. Kim Patten, Washington State University, Long Beach; Nick Vorsa, Rutgers University. <h3>General:</h3> None <h2> </h2> <h2>OBJECTIVE 2 - Develop practices for small fruit production tailored for climatic and market needs of growers.</h2> <h3>Blackberry and Raspberry:</h3> Evaluating priomocane bearing blackberry cultivars and different pruning strategies. Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University. Exclusion netting for the control of spotted winged Drosophila in fall raspberries. Greg Loeb, Cornell University. Developing new computer generated labels design including bar and QR coding. Hummer et al., USDA-ARS, Oregon. Weed Management, Training, and Irrigation Practices for Organic Production of Trailing Blackberry. II. Soil and Plant Nutrient Concentrations. Strik et al., Oregon State University. Weed Management, Training, and Irrigation Practices for Organic Production of Trailing Blackberry. III. Accumulation and Loss of Biomass, Carbon, and Nutrients. Strik et al., Oregon State University. Seasonal variation in mineral nutrient content of primocane and floricane leaves in blackberry cultivars. I. Organic compared to conventional production systems. Strik et al., Oregon State University. Seasonal variation in mineral nutrient content of primocane and floricane leaves in blackberry cultivars. II. Comparison of trailing, erect, and semi-erect types in conventional production. Strik et al., Oregon State University. Root distribution in blackberry plants and impacts for management. Estrada et al., Oregon State University. Developing effective methods for soilborne pathogen and pest management through removal of root inoculum in continuous red raspberry systems. DeVetter et al., Washington State University. Reducing Phytophthora rubi and Pratylenchus penetrans inoculum to improve efficacy of IPM practices in red raspberry. Zasada et al., Washington State University. Impacts of alleyway cover crops on soil quality and plant competition in established red raspberry. DeVetter et al., Washington State University. Optimizing pre-plant management techniques for nematodes and soilborne diseases in red raspberry. DeVetter et al., Washington State University. Comparison of alternate- and every-year production in summer-bearing red raspberry. DeVetter and Galinato, Washington State University. Assessing primocane management strategies across different cultivars of raspberry. Miller and DeVetter, Washington State University. <h3>Blueberry & Huckleberry:</h3> Evaluation of Vaccinium species for non-preferential oviposition of spotted-wing drosophila. Hummer et al., USDA-ARS Oregon. Honey Bee Activity in Northern Highbush Blueberry Differs across Growing Regions in Washington State. DeVetter et al., Washington State University. Weed Management Strategies in Long-term Organic Blueberry Production Systems – Impact of Mulch Type and Weed Control Methods on Economics. Strik and Vance, Oregon State University. Mulch and Fertilizer Management Practices for Organic Production of Highbush Blueberry from Planting through Maturity. Strik et al., Oregon State University. Relationship between soil and tissue nutrient concentration and yield over eight years in certified organic blueberry production systems. Strik and Vance, Oregon State University. Evaluation of Potting Media for Soilless Cultivation of Southern Highbush Blueberry. Kingston et al., Oregon State University. The Organic Blueberry Industry in Oregon: Results of In-person, On-site Interviews with Growers in 2015. Fernandez-Salvador et al., Oregon State University. Nutrient, carbon and biomass allocation in mature ‘Duke’ and ‘Liberty’ when grown in certified organic production systems. Fernandez-Salvador and Strik, Oregon State University. Survey of PA blueberry plantings for presence of viruses.  Bob Martin, USDA-Corvallis; Ruth Welliver, PA Dept. of Agriculture; Kathy Demchak (with the help of many PA extension educators), Pennsylvania State University. Improvement of pollination through pollinator supplementation in Washington highbush blueberry. DeVetter et al., Washington State University. Evaluating the Role of Boron and Calcium in Enhancing Fruit Set of Highbush Blueberry. DeVetter and Arrington, Washington State University. Blueberry tissue nutrient standards for eastern Washington production. Davenport and DeVetter, Washington State University. Determining blueberry cold hardiness in Washington. Hoheisel et al., Washington State University Scale-neutral harvest-aid system and sensor technologies to improve harvest efficiency and handling of fresh market blueberries. Li et al., Lead University: Washington State University. A USDA planning grant entitled “Research and extension initiative for blueberry and cranberry: Current and future needs“ has been funded and includes some NCCC-212 members. The team includes 25 blueberry and cranberry scientists from eleven institutions around the country. <h3>Elderberry:</h3> none <h3>Grapes:</h3> To investigate the performance three table grape cultivars for high tunnel production using two different trellis systems.  John Clark, University of Arkansas; Bernadine Strik, Oregon State University; Elina Coneva, Auburn Univ; John Strange and Jeff Wheeler, University of Kentucky; Patrick Conner, University of Georgia. Assessment of Selected Muscadine Grape Cultivars in AL. E. Coneva, J. Pitts, Auburn University, Auburn, AL. Examining the effects of four trellis systems for ‘Marquette’ and ‘Petite Pearl’ grapes, Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University. Terroir grape- management, and commercial performance. Martine Dorais, Andrew Jamieson et al., AAFC, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Evaluation of table grape cultivars and selection for adaptation to small farm production in the Willamette Valley, Oregon. Vance and Strik, Oregon State University. Impacts of vine vigor and carbohydrate and nitrogen status on fruitfulness of Pinot noir. Skinkis et al., Oregon State University. Validating Canopy Quantification Methods for Hedged Vine Canopies. Skinkis et al., Oregon State University. Statewide Crop Load Project:  Defining Yield Management Practices for Quality Pinot noir in Oregon. Skinkis et al., Oregon State University. Yield management impacts on vine physiology of Pinot noir. Skinkis et al., Oregon State University. <h3>Ribes:</h3> none <h3>Strawberry:</h3> USDA SCRI planning grant “Planning to Increase the Productivity and Competitiveness of Sustainable Strawberry Systems” was funded. University of Arkansas with total 13 state representatives. Evaluation of low-tunnel strawberry production for season extension. K. Lewers, D. Fleisher, C. Daughtry, T. Yang, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD. Ties in with work lead by E. Hanson. Prohexadion-Calcium Applications for Matted row Strawberries. Handley et al., University of Maine. Mycorrhiza Effects on Day-Neutral Strawberry Production. Jared Rubinstein, Emily Hoover, University of Minnesota. Influence of Plastic Type on Day Neutral Strawberry Fruit Quality, Quantity and Efficacy of Organic Pesticides. Heidi Anderson, Mary Rogers, University of Minnesota. Effect of Nitrogen Fertility Rate on Yield and Quality of Day-Neutral Strawberries. Andrew Petran, Nathan Hecht, Emily Hoover, University of Minnesota. Studies on etiology, improved detection, spread, and management of strawberry decline disease outbreak. Pervaiz Abbasi, Hélène Sanfaçon et al. AAFC-Kentville and AAFC-Summerland, Canada. Increasing strawberry productivity in NY with Day Neutral/Everbearing strawberries and Low Tunnels. Marvin Pritts, Cornell University. Comparison of Herbicide Performance between Strawberry Beds in the Plasticulture System.  Tim Elkner and Kathy Demchak, Pennsylvania State University. Evaluating reduced soil solarization treatment periods and pelleted products in annual plasticulture production system. Samtani et al., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Evaluating paper pellet mulch in annual strawberry plasticulture production. Samtani et al., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Evaluating four new strawberry cultivars under high-tunnel production. Samtani et al., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. To determine if foliar and root applied nutrients, in addition to standard fertigation practices improve crop yield and berry quality. Samtani et al., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Biodegradable agricultural mulches: Assessing potential for chemical migration in horticultural crops and their role in organic agriculture. DeVetter et al., Washington State University. <h3> Other small fruit crops:</h3> none <h3>General:</h3> Current Season Trapping Results for SWD (Drosophila suzukii) in Central Alabama. E. Coneva, Auburn University, AL. Organic Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila. Mary Rogers, Andrew Petran & Ignasi Riera Vila, University of Minnesota. Biotic and abiotic factors impacting development, behavior, phenology, and reproductive biology of Drosophila suzukii. Hamby et al., Oregon State University. Impact of floral feeding on adult Drosophila suzukii survival and nutrient status. Tochen et al., Oregon State University. Drosophila suzukii population response to the environment and management strategies. Wiman et al., Oregon State University. Environmental cues enhance winter survival of Drosophila suzukii. Shearer et al., Oregon State University. First exploration of parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii in South Korea as potential classical biological agents. Daane et al., Oregon State University. Foliar calcium applications do not improve quality or shelf-life of strawberry, raspberry, blackberry or blueberry fruit. Strik et al., Oregon State University. Optimizing Protected Culture Environments for Berry Crops.  Eric Hanson, Rufus Isaacs, and Annemiek Schilder, Michigan State University; Kathy Demchak, Bill Lamont, Kathy Kelley, Rich Marini, Dennis Decoteau, Pennsylvania State University; Emily Hoover and Mary Rogers, University of Minnesota; Marvin Pritts and Lois Levitan, Cornell University; David Conner, University of Vermont; Becky Sideman, University of New Hampshire; Kim Lewers, USDA-Beltsville; Mike Glenn (retired), USDA-Kearneysville; Nigel Paul and Crispin Halsall, Lancaster University, U.K. Monitoring for spotted-wing drosophila in southern and central Maine, D. Handley et al., University of Maine.   <h2>OBJECTIVE 3 - Explore the association between fruit constituents and human health impacts.</h2> <h3>Blackberry and Raspberry:</h3> none <h3>Blueberry & Huckleberry:</h3> Chitosan-Cellulose Nanocrystal Microencapsulation to Improve Encapsulation Efficiency and Stability of Entrapped Blueberry Anthocyanins. Zhao et al., Oregon State University. Understanding the genetic basis of anthocyanin accumulation in blueberry.  Iorizzo et al., North Carolina State University. <h3>Elderberry:</h3> none <h3>Grapes:  </h3> Pigment analysis of hybrid muscadine grape seedlings.  Perkins-Veazie et al., North Carolina State University. <h3>Ribes:</h3> none <h3>Strawberry:</h3> Determining flavor components (volatile organic acids) for Oregon, F. vesca, F. virginiana, and F. cascadensis. Analyzing anthocyanin composition of strawberry varieties. Perkins-Veazie et. al. North Carolina State University. <h3>Other small fruit crops:</h3> none <h3>General:</h3> Quantification of bioactive compounds and Physicochemical Properties of Different Berry Fruit Pomace (blueberry, raspberry, and cranberry) and Their Applications as Functional Food Ingredients. Zhao et al., Oregon State University.

Publications

Journal Articles and Patents Arrington, M. and L.W. DeVetter. 2016. Fruit set improvement of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum): A review. J. Am. Pom. Soc. 70(3):124-137. Ballington, J. R., and G. E. Fernandez. 2016. "Blackberry Named 'Von'" PP 14/121,381. Barchenger, D.W., J.R. Clark, R.T. Threlfall, L.R. Howard, and C.R. Brownmiller. 2015. Evaluation of physiochemical and storability attributes of muscadine grapes (Vitis rotundifolia Michx.). HortScience  50:104-111. Beck, J. G.E Fernandez, J. Grossman, N. Creamer and M. Schroeder-Moreno. 2016. Effects of Cover Crops, Compost, and Vermicompost on Strawberry Yields and Nitrogen Availability in North Carolina. HortTech. In press. Bradish, C. M., Yousef, G. G., Ma, G. Y., Perkins-Veazie, P., & Fernandez, G. E. (2015). Anthocyanin, carotenoid, tocopherol, and ellagitannin content of red raspberry cultivars grown under field or high tunnel cultivation in the Southeastern United States. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 140(2), 163-171. Bradish, C.M., G.E. Fernandez, J.M. Bushakra, P. Perkins-Veazie, K. Lewers,  M. E. Staton, T. Zhebentyayeva, and C. A. Saski. 2015. Developing expressed sequence tag libraries and the discovery of simple sequence repeat markers for two species of raspberry (Rubus L.). BMC Plant Biology 15:258-268. Castro, P. & Lewers, K.S. 2016. Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for fruit quality traits and number of weeks of flowering in the cultivated strawberry Mol Breeding. 36: 138. doi:10.1007/s11032-016-0559-7 Clark, J.R. and A. Salgado. 2016. Prime-Ark® Traveler’ primocane-fruiting thornless blackberry for the commercial shipping market. HortScience (in press). Clark, J.R. and C.E. Finn. 2016. Blackberry, p. 622-6240. In: K. Gasic, J.E. Preece, and D. Karp (eds.). Register of new fruit and nut cultivars List 48. HortScience 51:620-652. Creed, C., B. Cowell, D.T. Johnson, and M.A. Pszczolkowski. 2016. Predicting emergence in a midwestern population of the green June beetle, Cotinis nitida (L.) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 89(1): 45-52. Daane KM, Xin-Geng Wang, Antonio Biondi, Betsey Miller, Jeffrey C. Miller, Helmut Riedl, Peter W. Shearer, Emilio Guerrieri, Massimo Giorgini, Matthew Buffington, Kees van Achterberg, Yoohan Song, Taegun Kang, Hoonbok Yi, Chuleui Jung, Dong Woon Lee,Bu-Keun Chung, Kim A. Hoelmer, and Vaughn M. Walton 2016. First exploration of parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii in South Korea as potential classical biological agents. J. Pest Sci. DOI 10.1007/s10340-016-0740-0 Debner, A. and Hatterman-Valenti, H. 2016. Establishment of primocane blackberry cultivars in a northern climate. Acta Hortic. 1133:201-206. DeVetter, L.W., D. Granatstein, E. Kirby, and M. Brady. 2015. Opportunities and Challenges of Organic Highbush Blueberry Production in Washington State. HortTechnology Accepted. DeVetter, L.W., S. Watkinson, R. Sagili and T. Lawrence. 2016. Honey bee activity in northern highbush blueberry differs across growing regions in Washington State. HortScience (in press). Diaz-Lara, A. and Martin, R.R. 2016. Blueberry fruit drop associated virus: A new member of the family Caulimoviridae isolated from blueberry exhibiting fruit drop symptoms. Plant Disease Accepted June 27 doi.10.1094/PDIS-06-16-0792-RE Dixon, E.K., B.C. Strik, and D.R. Bryla. 2016. Weed management, training, and irrigation practices for organic production of trailing blackberry: III. Accumulation and removal of aboveground biomass, carbon, and nutrients. HortScience51:51-66. Dixon, E.K., B.C. Strik, and D.R. Bryla. 2016. Weed management, training, and irrigation practices for organic production of trailing blackberry: II. Soil and aboveground plant nutrient concentrations. HortScience 51:36-50. Feng, H., P.A. Skinkis, and M.C. Qian. 2017. Pinot noir wine volatile and anthocyanin composition under different levels of vine fruit zone leaf removal. Food Chemistry. 214: 736-744. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814616311438 Finn, C.E., B.C. Strik, B.M. Yorgey, T.A. Mackey, J.F. Hancock, J. Lee, and R.R. Martin. 2016. ‘Baby Blues’ highbush blueberry. HortScience 51:761-765. Finn, C.E., B.C. Strik, T.A. Mackey, K.E. Hummer, and R.R. Martin. 2015. ‘Perpetua’ ornamental reflowering blueberry. HortScience 50:1828-1829. Forney, C.F., Jamieson, A.R., Munro Pennell, K.D., Jordan, M.A., and Fillmore, S.A.E. 2015. Relationships between fruit composition and storage life in air or controlled atmosphere of red raspberry. Postharvest Biology and Technology 110:121-130. Hamby, K. A., Bellamy, D. E., Chiu, J. C., Lee, J. C., Walton, V. M., Wiman, N. G. and Biondi, A. 2016. Biotic and abiotic factors impacting development, behavior, phenology, and reproductive biology of Drosophila suzukii. J Pest Sci, 1-15. Hancock, J.F., Sooriyapathirana, S., Bassil, N.V., Stegmeir, T., Cai, L., Finn, C.E., Van De Weg, E., Weebadde, C. 2016. Public availability of a genotyped, segregating population may foster marker assisted breeding (MAB) and quantitative trait loci (QTL) discovery: An example using strawberry. Frontiers in Plant Science. 7(619):1-4. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00619. Ho, T., Keller, K.E., Postman, J.D., Martin, R.R. and Tzanetakis, I.E. 2016. Evidence of sympatric speciation of elderberry carlaviruses. Virus Res. 215:72-75. Hummer, K., J. Oliphant, and N. Bassil. 2016. Flowering tendencies in octoploid strawberry species. International Journal of Fruit Science. doi.10.1080/15538362.2016.1195309. Jamieson, A. R., D. L. Moreau & S. A. E. Fillmore. 2016. Evaluation of Strawberry Genotypes for Chaetosiphon fragaefolii (Strawberry Aphid) Preference, International Journal of Fruit Science, DOI: 10.1080/15538362.2016.1219295 Johnson, D., E. Garcia, C. Rom, L. Freeman, SH. Kim, and B. Lewis.  2016. Management of arthropods on blackberries and raspberries in Arkansas USA Acta Hortic. 1133: 437-444. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1133.67 Joshi, N., B. Butler, L.R. Donovall, K. Demchak and D. Biddinger.  20--.   Status of spotted wing drosophila and African fig fly infestation in various Pennsylvania and Maryland fruit crops.   J. Appl. Ent. (accepted for publication). Joshi, N., B. Butler, K. Demchak and D. Biddinger.  20--.   Seasonal Occurrence of Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) in Various Small Fruits and Berries in Pennsylvania and Maryland.  J. of Insect Science (accepted for publication). Kim, SH. S., C.E. Trammel, B.A. Lewis, D.T. Johnson. 2016. Comparison of color attractiveness for Agrilus ruficollis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): potential for a simple trap. J. Econ. Entomol. (DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/tow142 tow142 (June 2016) Kim, M. J., Perkins-Veazie, P., Ma, G. Y., & Fernandez, G. (2015). Shelf life and changes in phenolic compounds of organically grown blackberries during refrigerated storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 110, 257-263. Lanning, K.K., Moore, P.P., K.E. Keller, and Martin, R.R. 2016. First report of a resistance-breaking strain of Raspberry bushy dwarf virus in red raspberry (Rubus idaeus) in North America. Plant Dis. 100:868. Lee, J. 2016. Anthocyanin analyses of Vaccinium fruit dietary supplements. Food Science and Nutrition. 4:742-75. Lee, J. 2016. Further research on the biological activities and the safety of raspberry ketone are needed. NFS journal. 2:15-18. Lee, J. 2016. Rosaceae products: anthocyanin quality comparisons between dietary supplements and foods. NFS Journal. 4:1-8. Lewers, K.S., Fleisher DH, Craig ST, Daughtry. 2016 or 2017. Low tunnels as a strawberry breeding tool and season-extending production system. International Journal of Fruit Research (accepted with revision). Lewers, J.M. Bushakra, J.J. Luby, P. Stewart, and J.F. Hancock. 2015. Identification of QTL associated with flower and runner production in octoploid strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa). J. Berry Res. 5:107-116. Mahoney, L., Sargent, D., Wood, D., Ward, J., Bassil, N.V., Handcock, J., Folta, K., Davis, T. 2016. A high density linkage map of the ancestral diploid strawberry F. iinumae using SNP markers from the ISTRAW90 array and GBS. The Plant Genome. 9(2). doi: 10.3835/plantgenome2015.08.0071. Martin, R.R., Constable, F. and Tzanetakis, I.E. 2016. Quarantine regulations and the impact of modern detection methods. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 54:189-205. Mccallum, S., Graham, J., Jorgensen, L., Rowland, L.J., Bassil, N.V., Hancock, J.F., Wheeler, E., Vining, K., Poland, J., Olmstead, J.W., Buck, E., Wiedow, C., Jackson, E., Brown, A., Hackett, C.A. 2016. Construction of a SNP and SSR linkage map in autotetraploid blueberry using genotyping by sequencing. Molecular Breeding. 36:41. Migicovsky, Z., Sawler, J., Money, D., Eibach, R., Miller, A.J., Luby, J.J.,  Jamieson, A.R., Velasco, D., von Kintzel, S.,  Warner, J., Wührer, W.,  Brown, P.J., and Myles, S. 2016. Genomic ancestry estimation quantifies use of wild species in grape breeding. BMC Genomics 17:478.  DOI 10.1186/s12864-016-2834-8 Perkins-Veazie, P., J. Pattison, G. Fernandez, G. Ma. 2016. Fruit quality and composition of two advanced North Carolina strawberry selections.  Intl. J. Fruit Sci. DOI 10.1080/15538362.2016.1219289. Quito-Avila, D.F., Martin, R.R., Alvarez, R.A., Insuasti, M. and Ochoa, J. 2016. First report of Potato virus Y, Potato virus V and Peru tomato mosaic virus in tamarillo orchards of Ecuador. Plant Dis. 100:868. Roach, J.A., Verma, S., Peres, N.A.,  Jamieson, A.R., van de Weg, W.E., Bink, M.C.A.M., Bassil, N.V., Lee, S., Whitaker,V.M. 2016. FaRXf1: a locus conferring resistance to angular leaf spot caused by Xanthomonas fragariae in octoploid strawberry. Theor Appl Genet  DOI 10.1007/s00122-016-2695-1 Reeve, A.L., P.A. Skinkis, A. Vance, J. Lee, and J. Tarara. 2016. Vineyard floor management influences 'Pinot Noir' vine growth and productivity more than cluster thinning. HortScience. 51: 1-12. Rysin, O., McWhirt, A., Fernandez, G., Louws, F. J., & Schroeder-Moreno, M. (2015). Economic viability and environmental impact assessment of three different strawberry production systems in the Southeastern United States. HortTechnology, 25(4), 585-594. Rudolph, R., and L.W DeVetter. 2015. Management Strategies for Phytophthora rubi and Pratylenchus penetrans in Floricane Red Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.). J. Am. Pom. Soc. 69(3):118-136. Samtani, J.B., J. Derr, M. Conway, R. Flanagan III. 2016. Evaluating Soil Solarization for Weed Control and Strawberry (Fragaria xananassa Duch.) Yield in Annual Plasticulture Production. Weed Technology (Accepted). Shearer P. W., West J., Walton V.M., Brown P., Svetec N., and Chiu, J. 2016. Environmental cues enhance winter survival of Drosophila suzukii. BMC Ecology, 16:11. DOI: 10.1186/s12898-016-0070-3. Sooriyapathirana, S., S. Mookerjee, C.K. Weebadde, C.E. Finn, K. Lewers, J.M. Bushakra, J.J. Luby, P. Stewart, and J.F. Hancock. 2015. Identification of QTL associated with flower and runner production in octoploid strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa). J. Berry Res. 5:107-116. Stenger, J.E. and H. Hatterman-Valenti. 2016. Alternative weed control methods during grape establishment in the United States Upper Midwest. Agriculture Sciences. 7:357-363. Strik, B.C. 2016. A review of optimal systems for organic production of blueberry and blackberry for fresh and processed markets in the northwestern United States. Scientia Hort. 208:92-103. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304423815303186). Strik, B.C. and A.J. Vance. 2015. Seasonal variation in leaf nutrient concentration of northern highbush blueberry cultivars grown in conventional and organic production systems. HortScience 50:1453-1466. Svyantek A.W.*, Coneva E.D., J. R. Kessler, J. D. Spiers, E. L. Vinson III, J. A. Pitts. 2016. Early Season Canopy Development and Season of Flowering of Pierce’s Disease Resistant Vitis vinifera L. Selections Grown in the Subtropical Climate of Central Alabama. Journal of the American Pomological Society 70(4): 224-227. Thekke-Veetil, T., A. Khadgi, D. Johnson, H. Burrack, S. Sabanadzovic and I.E. Tzanetakis. 2016. First report of raspberry leaf mottle virus in blackberry in the United States. Note in Plant disease (DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-07-16-1014-PDN) Threlfall, R.T., O.S. Hines, J.R. Clark, L.R. Howard, C.R. Brownmiller, D.M. Segantini and L.J.R.  2016. Evaluation of Physiochemical and Sensory Attributes of Fresh Blackberries Grown in the Southeastern United States.  HortScience, In Press October issue. Tochen S., Vaughn M. Walton and Jana C. Lee 2016.  Impact of floral feeding on adult Drosophila suzukii survival and nutrient status.  J Pest Sci DOI: 10.1007/s10340-016-0762-7.   Uzes, D.M. and P.A. Skinkis. 2016. Factors influencing yield management of Pinot Noir vineyards in Oregon. Journal of Extension. 54:3. http://www.joe.org/joe/2016june/rb5.php. VanBuren, R., D. Bryant, J.M. Bushakra, K.J. Vining, P.P. Edger, E.R. Rowley, H.D. Priest, T.P. Michael, E. Lyons, S.A. Filichkin, M. Dossett, C.E. Finn, N.V. Bassil and T.C. Mockler. 2016. The genome of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis). The Plant J. 87:533-680 (and cover). Vining, K.J., Davis, T.M., Jamieson, A.R., and Mahoney, L.L. 2015. Germplasm resources for verticillium wilt resistance breeding and genetics in strawberry (Fragaria). Journal of Berry Research 5:183-195. DOI:10:3233/JBR-150096.  Wang XG, Stewart TG, Biondi A, Chavez BM, Ingels C, Caprile JA, Grant J, Walton VM, and Daane KM 2016. Population dynamics and ecology of Drosophila suzukii in Central California. J Pest Sci DOI: 10.1007/s10340-016-0747-6. Wiman N. G., Gianfranco Anfora, Antonio Biondi, Joanna C. Chiu, Kent M. Daane, Daniel T. Dalton, Beverly Gerdeman, Angela Gottardello, Kelly A. Hamby, Rufus Isaacs, Alberto Grassi, Claudio Ioriatti, Jana C. Lee, Betsey Miller, M. Valerio Rossi Stacconi, Peter W. Shearer, Lynell Tanigoshi, Xingeng Wang and V. M. Walton 2016. Drosophila suzukii population response to the environment and management strategies. J Pest Sci DOI: 10.1007/s10340-016-0757-4. Xiang, Yu., M. Bernady, B. Bhagwat, P.A. Wiersma, R. DeYoung, and M. Bouthillier. The complete genome sequence of a new polerovirus in strawberry plants from eastern Canada showing strawberry decline symptoms. Arch Virol. 2015 Feb;160(2):553-6. doi: 10.1007/s00705-014-2267-0. Proceedings: Barchenger, D.W., J.R. Clark, R.T. Threlfall, L.R. Howard, and C.R. Brownmiller. 2015. Nutraceutical changes in muscadine grape and grape segments during storage. J. Amer. Pomol. Soc. 69:66-73. Clark, J.R. 2015. Breeding southern blackberries: Idea to industry. Acta Hort. 1133:3-11. Bassil, N., C. E. Finn, J. R. Clark, C. Peace, and A. Iezzoni. 2016. Development of a multiplexed fingerprinting set in blackberry. Acta Hort. 1133:89-96. Bradish, C.M., Fernandez, G.E., Bushakra, J.M., Perkins-Veazie, P., Dossett, M., Bassil, N.V. and Finn, C.E. (2016). Evaluation of vigor and winter hardiness of black raspberry breeding populations (Rubus occidentalis) grown in the southeastern US. Acta Hortic. 1133, 129-134. DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1133.19. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1133.19">http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1133.19</a>. Bradish, C.M., Fernandez, G., Bushakra, J., Bassil, N.V., Finn, C.E., Dossett, M. 2016. Evaluations of sustained vigor and winter hardiness of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) grown in the Southeastern U.S. Acta Horticulturae. 1133:129-134. Bushakra, J.M., C.M. Bradish, C.A. Weber, M. Dossett, G. Fernandez, J. Weiland, M. Peterson, J.C. Scheerens, L. Robbins, S. Serçe, C.E. Finn, and N.V. Bassil. 2016. Toward understanding genotype × environment interactions in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.). Acta Hort. 1117:25-30. Bushakra, J.M., N.V. Bassil, J.E. Weiland, C.E. Finn, K.J. Vining, S. Filichkin, M. Dossett, D.W. Bryant, and T.C, Mockler. 2016. Comparative RNA-seq for the investigation of tolerance to verticillium wilt in black raspberry. Acta Hort. 1133:103-114. Clark, J.R. and D. W. Barchenger. 2015. Breeding muscadine grapes in Arkansas: A new initiative. Acta Hort. 1082:95-98. Clark, J.R. and J. N. Moore. 2015. Faith, Gratitude, Hope and Joy seedless table grapes from Arkansas. Acta Hort. 1082:87-93. Clark, J.R., F., Miller, and A. Jecmen. 2016. Production of youtube videos on blackberry cultivars. Acta Hort. 1133:141-144. Coneva. E. 2016. Growing Pierce's Disease Resistant 87.5% V. vinifera Grapes in Alabama. 2016. Acta Hortic. 1115, 75-82. Conway M. and J.B. Samtani. 2016. Evaluation of Blackberry Cultivars in Virginia. Acta Horticulturae 1133:135-140. Proc. XI Int. Rubus and Ribes Symp. Dixon, E.K. and B.C. Strik. 2016. Weed control increases growth, cumulative yield, and economic returns of machine-harvested organic trailing blackberry. Acta Hort. 1133:323-328. Elkner, T. and K. Demchak.  2016.   Performance of New Strawberry Varieties in Plasticulture and Matted-Row Field Trials.  Proc. Mid-Atlantic Fruit and Veg. Conv.  pp. 143-146. Finn, C.E., R.R. Martin, T. Baumann, B.C. Strik, C. Kempler, and M. Dossett. 2016. A Dedication: Hugh A. Daubeny (1931-2015): A wonderful small fruit legacy including a critical driver of the Rubus-Ribes Symposia. Acta Hort. 1133:1-2. Finn, C.E. and B.C. Strik. 2016. Blackberry production in the Pacific northwestern US: A long history and a bright future. Acta Hort. 1133:35-43. Garcia, E., D. Dickey, S. Frey, and D. Johnson. 2016. Increasing economic and environmental sustainability of table grapes using high tunnel advanced production. Acta Hort. 1115(1115):29-32. (DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1115.5) Gergerich, R.C., Tzanetakis, I.E. and Martin, R.R. 2016. Towards a National Certification Scheme for Rubus in the United States. Acta Hortic. 1133:483-486. Hatterman-Valenti, H.M., C.P. Auwarter, and J.E. Stenger. 2016. Evaluation of cold-hardy grape cultivars for North Dakota and the North Dakota State University germplasm enhancement project. Acta Hortic. 1115:13-22. DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1115.3. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1115.3">http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1115.3</a>. Hummer, K.E., Bassil, N.V. and Alice, L.A. 2016. Rubus ploidy assessment. Acta Hort. (ISHS) 1133:81-88  <a href="http://www.actahort.org/books/1133/1133_13.htm">http://www.actahort.org/books/1133/1133_13.htm</a> Hummer, K. 2016. Germplasm conservation and access to genetic resources: National Plant Germplasm System and the National Clonal Germplasm Repository. Proceedings of the 8th Organic Seed Growers Conference. Port Townsend, WA, pp. 126-130. Kim, M.J., P. Perkins-Veazie, G. Fernandez.  2016.  Phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of organically grown fresh market blackberries.  Acta Hortic. 1133:353-356. Mettler, D. and Hatterman-Valenti, H. (2016). Cultivar comparison and winter row covers for blackberry production in North Dakota. Acta Hortic. 1133, 217-222. DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1133.33. <a href="https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1133.33">https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1133.33</a> Moore, P.P. and W.K. Hoashi-Erhardt. 2016. Raspberry Breeding for the Pacific Northwest.  Acta. Horticulturae 1133: 45-48. Perkins-Veazie, P., Ma, G., Fernandez, G.E., Bradish, C.M., Bushakra, J.M., Bassil, N.V., Weber, C.A., Scheerens, J.C., Robbins, L., Finn, C.E. and Dossett, M. 2016. Black raspberry fruit composition over two years from seedling populations grown at four US geographic locations. Acta Hortic. 1133, 335-338. DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1133.52. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1133.52">http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1133.52</a> Strik, B.C., and A. Vance. 2016. Leaf nutrient concentration in blackberry – recommended standards and sampling time should differ among blackberry types. Acta Hort. 1133:311-317. Strik, B.C., A. Vance, and D. Bryla. 2016. Organic production systems research in blueberry and blackberry – A review of industry-driven studies. Acta Hort. 1117:139-148. Strik, B. 2015. Primocane-fruiting blackberries. Proc. New England Vegetable and Fruit Conf., Dec. 15-17, 2015, Manchester, NH, 76-79. Strik, B. 2015. Nutrient management in brambles. Proc. New England Vegetable and Fruit Conf., Dec. 15-17, 2015, Manchester, NH, 70-73. Strik, B. 2015. Weed control and fertility in organic blueberry production systems. Proc. New England Vegetable and Fruit Conf., Dec. 15-17, 2015, Manchester, NH, 6-9. Strik, B. and C. Finn. 2015. Evaluation of small fruit germplasm at the NWREC-OSU. Proc. Northwest Center Small Fruits Research. Dec. 1, 2015. Portland. Sullivan, D.M., B.C. Strik, and D. Bryla. 2015. Evaluation of alternative mulches for blueberry over five production seasons. Acta Hort. 1076:171-178. Threlfall, R.T., O.S. Hines, and J.R. Clark. 2015. Commercial Attributes of Fresh Blackberries Identified by Sensory Panels. XI International Rubus and Ribes Symposium. June 21-24, 2015, Asheville, NC.  International Society for Horticultural Science, Acta Horticulturae, Symposium Proceedings, 1133:391-396. Weber, C.A. 2016. Eliminating raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) from infected raspberry tissue cultures with ribavirin. Acta Hort. <10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1133.72>. Book Fernandez, G., and K.E. Hummer (eds.). 2016. XI International Rubus/Ribes Symposium Acta Hort 1133, Vol 1, 582 pp. Lee, J. 2017. Chapter 4 - Blackberry fruit quality components, composition, and potential health benefits. In: Funt, R.C. and Hall, H.K. (eds.) Blackberries and Their Hybrids (CABI, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom). Loeb G. E, Walton V. M., and Zalom F. G. 2015. Compendium of Grape Diseases, Disorders, and Pests, Second Edition Edited by Wayne F. Wilcox, Walter D. Gubler, and Jerry K. Uyemoto In Part II (pp.147-157). Mites and insects that cause disease like symptoms in grapes. APS Press. Strik, B. and J. Hancock. 2016. Introduction: The taxonomy, botany, and culture of Vaccinium spp. In. Polashock, J.J., F.L. Caruso, A.L. Averill, and A.C. Schilder (eds.). Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Pests, 2nd edition. APS Press, St. Paul, MN. Thesis Feasibility of Growing PD Resistant Vitis vinifera grapes in the High PD risk Region of the Southeastern U.S. Andrej Svyantek, M.S. Thesis. Auburn University, AL. Extension Publications Addison P., Walton V.M. and Mitchell K., 2015.  New Fruit Pest? WineLand Technical, 2015 http://www.wineland.co.za/technical/new-fruit-pest. (peer-reviewed article in trade journal) Arancibia, R., M. Reiter, S. Rideout, T. Kuhar, L. Strawn, C. Cahoon, J. Parkhurst, D. Langston Jr., J.B. Samtani. 2016. Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations. Virginia Cooperative Extension Publication 456-420. Conway, M.A., Samtani, J.B. 2016. Evaluation of Blackberry Varieties in Virginia. Virginia Cooperative Extension Publication HORT-226P. Coneva, E. 2016. New Pest Alert: Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Halyomorpha halys). Alabama Cooperative Extension System Timely Information Sheet, May, 2016. Coneva E. 2016. Monitoring Your Berry Orchards for Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD). Alabama Cooperative Extension System Timely Information Sheet, June, 2016. Coneva E., Coffer T., Vinson E., Pitts, J. and G. Gray. 2016. Monitoring for Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD) in Berry Crops. Alabama Cooperative Extension System Timely Information Sheet, July, 2016. Coneva E., T. Coffer, E. Vinson, J. Pitts and G. Gray. 2016. Updated Mid-Season Monitoring Results for Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD) in Berry Crops. Alabama Cooperative Extension System, IPM Communicator Newsletter. Feng, H., F. Yuan, P.A. Skinkis, and M.C. Qian. 2016. Leaf removal’s influence on Pinot noir. Practical Winery and Vineyard Journal. June: 51-56. (peer-reviewed article in trade journal). Handley, D. 2016. How to plant raspberries. University of Maine. YouTube video. (https://extension.umaine.edu/publications/2066e/).  Kennedy, M. and P. Skinkis. 2016. Are Your Weed-Control Products Damaging Nearby Vineyards? Oregon State University Extension Publishing. EM 9132. Nielsen A. E., M Riviera and Dean Plok (Rutgers university), Tracy Leskey, Rob Morrison (USDA ARS), Daniel Dalton, Chris Hedstrom, Elizabeth Tomasino, Vaughn Walton, Nik Wiman (Oregon State University).  Integrated Pest Management for Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in Vineyards. NE IPM Center Extension Bulletin, August 2016. Nitzsche, P.J., J. Matthews, and M. Melendez. 2016. Ultra-Niche Crop Series: Plasticulture Strawberries. Rutgers Cooperative Extension Factsheet FS 1259. Nitzsche, P.J., and J. Fiola. 2016. Growing Strawberries in the Home Garden. Rutgers Cooperative Extension Factsheet FS097. Samtani, J.B., R. Rafie, T. Wolf. 2016. Small Fruit in the Home Garden. Virginia Cooperative Extension Publication 426-840 Skinkis, P., V. Walton, A.J. Dreves, C. Kaiser, S. Renquist, S. Castagnoli, R. Hilton and L. Brewer. 2016. Recognize the Symptoms and Causes of Stunted Growth in Vineyards. Oregon State University Extension Publishing. EM 8975 (publication with iOS and Android apps) Skinkis, P., J. Pscheidt, A. Dreves, V. Walton, E. Peachey, and C. Kaiser. 2016. Pest management guide for wine grapes in Oregon. Oregon State University Extension Publishing. EM 8413. Skinkis, P., V. Walton, J. DeFrancesco, B. Edmunds and N. Bell. 2016. “Grape Pests” In Pacific Northwest Insect Pest Management Handbook. Pacific Northwest Extension Publishing. Vinson, E., E. Coneva, R. Balusu, H. Fadamiro, B. Wilkins, T. Cotrell, J. Pitts, and G. Gray. 2016. Monitoring BMSB and other native stink bugs in Alabama. Alabama Cooperative Extension System, IPM Communicator Newsletter, August, 2016. Wiman N., Vaughn Walton (Oregon State University), Cesar Rodriguez-Saona (Rutgers University), Doug Pfeiffer (Virginia Tech), William R. Morrison III and Tracy Leskey (USDA ARS).  Integrated Pest Management for Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in Small Fruit. NE IPM Center Extension Bulletin, July 2016. Wiman N., Dalton D., Brewer L., Shearer P., and V. Walton 2016.  How to Monitor for Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in Specialty Crops.  Oregon State University, Extension Service EM 9138.

Impact Statements

Please see "Summary of Minutes" section for the Committee's Impact Statements by Objectives.

Date of Annual Report: 12/21/2017

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 10/24/2017 - 10/26/2017
Period the Report Covers: 12/01/2016 - 12/01/2017

Participants

Brief Summary of Minutes

Please see attached file for full NCCC212 annual report.

Minutes Attachment:

NCCC-212_Annual Report.pdf

Accomplishments

Publications

Impact Statements

Date of Annual Report: 12/20/2018

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 10/23/2018 - 10/25/2018
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2017 - 09/30/2018

Participants

Amyotte Beatrice Agriculture and Agr-Food Canada
Ashrafi Hamid NC State (remote)
Baird William Michigan State University
Bassil Nahla USDA-ARS, Oregon
Black Brent Utah State University
Bushakra Jill USDA-ARS, Oregon
Cramer Maria Pennsylvania State University
Demchak Kathy Pennsylvania State University (remote)
Dale Adam University of Guelph
Dossett Michael British Columbia Blueberry Council
Edger Patrick Michigan State University
Finn Chad USDA-ARS, Oregon
Gerbrandt Eric Sky Blue Horticulture
Hoffman Mark NC State (remote)
Hummer Kim USDA-ARS, Oregon
Iorizzo Massimo NC State (remote)
Jones Patrick Oregon State University
Martin Bob USDA-ARS, Oregon
McWhirt Amanda University of Arkansas
Peterson Mary USDA-ARS, Oregon
Pritts Marvin Cornell University
Rogers Mary University of Minnesota
Samtani Jayesh Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Sjulin Tom Driscoll's
Stewart Philip Driscoll's
Thomas Hillary Naturipe
Hatterman-Valenti Harlene North Dakota State University
Thompson Ellen Pacific Berry Breeding
Zhang Huan Washington State University
Moore Patrick Washington State University
Bhasin Amit Washington State University
Gan Weixin Washington State University
Cai Yixin Washington State University
Lu Qianwen Washington State University
Boston Nadia Washington State University
McMoran Don Washington State University
DeVetter Lisa Washington State University (host)

Brief Summary of Minutes

On October 23, participants boarded a bus to tour and learn about Pacific Northwest blueberry and red raspberry production. Stops included: 1) Bow Hill Blueberry to learn about organic blueberry production and value addition on a small farm, 2) Oxbo International to learn about and observe manufacturing of fruit harvesting equipment, 3) Northwest Plants to learn about commercial tissue culture propagation of small fruit species, and 4) Enfield Farms to see raspberry and blueberry production, processing, and packaging.

On October 24, DeVetter and Moore greeted members at the Washington State University Northwestern Washington Research and Extension Center (WSU NWREC). DeVetter and Mr. Chad Kruger, director WSU NWREC, welcomed the group and gave an overview of agriculture, small fruit production, and extension/outreach in northwest Washington. Following this, attendees introduced themselves and reports were distributed.

Reports were given by state, institutional, or company representatives from October 24-25. Research, industry, and extension activities were addressed for Oregon, Virginia, North Carolina, Ontario, Michigan, New York, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, USDA (Corvallis, OR), Arkansas, North Dakota, Nova Scotia, British Columbia, Utah, and Washington State. Driscoll’s, Naturipe, and Pacific Berry Breeding also gave oral reports. A tour of WSU NWREC was given after lunch on October 24 and Moore and DeVetter also coordinated a tasting of WSU and USDA-ORS raspberry selections that same day. The business meeting was also held on October 24 to accommodate people that were leaving on Oct. 25. Oct. 25 was dedicated to finishing reports.

Business Meeting Minutes:

Lisa DeVetter from Washington State University called the meeting to order at 2:15 (Pacific Time). Mary Rogers from University of Minnesota transcribed notes and served as secretary. University of Minnesota will be the host institution for the 2019 meeting.

Old Business

The 2017 minutes were reviewed. The following edits should be made: check spelling for ‘Demchak’, change from ‘Karen Lewers’ to ‘Kim Lewers’, change the title from ‘Pennsylvania, PN to PA’. Motion to approve 2017 minutes with these edits: Chad Finn, seconded: Pat Moore.

Project renewal was re-visited. Vance emphasized that the renewal is not too onerous, but it does take some time to compile and should begin in 2019. It is best to have a team of 2-3 people work on this together. The renewal should focus on the value of the meeting for collaboration, and perhaps less focus on research updates. Harlene Hatterman-Valenti from North Dakota State University volunteered to serve on the renewal committee. Lisa DeVetter from Washington State will also help.

Participation was discussed, as it is essential for the function of NCCC-212 and attendance is tracked and important for the renewal process.
- Video conference at the meetings was discussed. The point was made that this technology can improve accessibility of the meeting to those who cannot travel and attend in person. Perhaps we should formalize this and make it a requirement for hosting? It was decided that success is mostly dependent on the capabilities of the location and sometimes there are technical issues. For this reason, the decision to provide video conferencing should be left to the meeting host and organizer.
- The question was posed on how participation can be increased and whether it makes sense for extension professionals (i.e. county extension agents and educators) to attend. Chad Kruger, director of NWREC weighed in that sitting in on the meeting was helpful to him personally, as he typically does not have access to the information presented here. Therefore this audience might make sense and it was determined that invites can be left to the host institutions.
- Industry participation was discussed. It was mentioned that the representatives from industry provide a valuable perspective and contribute to the discussion by providing reports. Phil Stewart (Driscoll’s) affirmed that this meeting is valuable for him and colleagues. Ellen Thompson (Pacific Berry Breeding) pointed out that participation comes down to getting industry reps to add their colleagues to the email list if we want to increase participation from this sector.
- Grower participation was discussed, but it was decided that growers are generally too busy and this may be a “big ask” for them, and they might only find a small portion of the meeting valuable.
- Participation from international partners was discussed—should we do more to reach out to colleagues in Mexico and Canada? Attendance is open and not regulated “top down”, therefore any one could attend, however land grant representatives have access to funding to attend these meetings which makes it easier to attend. There is potential for more collaboration between NASGA and NARBA and the Mexico Aneberries consortium.

Reporting and use of meeting time
- Vance again emphasized that future reporting should focus more on collegial interactions and collaborations, while the content of the research reports could be reduced. Other ideas to foster more collaboration were discussed:
  - Coordinated US/Canada cultivar trials?
  - More time for informal conversations
  - Special session on enhancing and fostering collaboration, build time in the schedule for attendees to discuss mutual interests
  - Special discussion times blocked out rather than so much time on reports
  - Reduce reports to 5 minutes with bullet “take home” points highlighted
  - Discussion questions could be solicited prior to the next meeting (i.e. what are the next steps we could take to make the strawberry industry more sustainable?)
  - Perhaps the state reports could be pre-reading and the meeting time could be devoted to more discussion
  - We could organize the reports by commodity rather than by state
  - Maybe a joint publication as the result of this meeting?
- Reporting guidelines—Kim Hummer noted that the format and reporting guidelines depends on how the project was written and this can be something to consider as we are approaching renewal. By consensus, it was determined that we should keep reporting by state and not commodity, even though discussion happens around the crops.

New Business

Lisa DeVetter: The midterm report is due December 15^th. There are four categories: progress report, accomplishments since the committee was last approved, coordination and linkages, and evidence of collaboration. We need to have evidence of interaction to justify the value in bringing people together.

Discussed next meeting locations in 2019 and 2020. Mary Rogers will host the next meeting at the University of Minnesota in 2019. Gina Fernandez will host in 2020 at North Carolina State. Phil Stewart mentioned Driscoll’s could be an option for hosting in 2021. Beatrice Amyotte will consider hosting in Nova Scotia in 2022.

Harlene Hatterman-Valenti made the motion to adjourn; seconded by Kim Hummer. Meeting ended at 3:02 pm Pacific Time.

Accomplishments

Short-term Outcomes:  Most participants have extension appointments and/or regularly communicate with growers and other members of the small fruit industry. Regular communication provided by NCCC-212 annual meetings allows for everyone to share information, increase knowledge, and extend that knowledge to regional industries. This extension of information occurs through publications of extension articles and/or newsletters, presentations at workshops and local and regional meetings (e.g. Great Lakes Expo, Mid-Atlantic Fruit and Vegetable Convention, Washington Small Fruit Conference, South East Regional Fruit and Vegetable Conference, Lower Mainland Horticulture Improvement Association Grower Short Course), webinars, web sites, and one-on-one communications.     Outputs:  This project has resulted in the release of numerous new cultivars and the development of germplasm and selections with specific traits needed for adaptation to regional industries. For example, collaborative breeding programs at USDA-Corvallis, Washington State University, and British Columbia have produced cultivars that meet the needs of strawberry, caneberry (i.e. red raspberry and blackberry; some black raspberry), and blueberry growers in the Pacific Northwest. Some of those traits include machine harvestability and disease tolerance or resistance. They also actively collaborate with other programs, such as the University of Arkansas and private breeding companies, which allows for advancement and gains in knowledge of cultivars and selections outside of the regions in which they were bred. Several projects related to use of protected culture (high tunnels and low tunnels, exclusion nets) are producing strong evidence that certain disease and insect problems can be greatly reduced in strawberry or raspberry production, while others can become more problematic. Mulch application is also showing benefits in small fruit production and advancements in organic berry production are being made. See also “Publications”. Activities -  Collaborative projects: Over 50 projects fall under the umbrella of this NCCC-212 project are underway in addition to the ones listed below. Those listed below highlight many examples of multi-state (and multi-country in the case of Canada) collaborations. There are also several large, interdisciplinary project proposals that are in development and being submitted in the areas of Vacciniumspecies breeding and advancement, plasticulture, machine harvesting for fresh markets, blackberry industry needs assessments, and soilborne disease management. NCCC-212 provides opportunities for researchers across the US and Canada to formulate, plan, and advance competitive project proposals that benefit the small fruit industry. <h2>Objective 1 - Develop improved small fruit germplasm through cooperative breeding and evaluation programs.</h2> <h2>Blackberry and Raspberry:</h2> Evaluation of performance of blackberry selections in the Pacific Northwest. Chad Finn, Mary Peterson,  USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR,  Bernadine Strik, Pat Jones, Oregon State University, Patrick  Moore, Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Washington State University, John R. Clark, University of Arkansas, AR. Testing of red raspberry cultivars for winter hardiness and fruit quality for germplasm improvement. Dai et al., North Dakota State University. North Carolina raspberry and blackberry breeding program. G. Fernandez, R. Schiavone, and H. Ashrafi, NC State, NC.  Improving germplasm for raspberry and blackberry. Amyotte et al., Ag Canada, Nova Scotia, Canada. RosBreed: Combining disease resistance with horticultural quality in new rosaceous cultivars; Jason Zurn, Nahla Bassil, USDA ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR; Margaret Worthington, John Clark, University of Arkansas, Fayetville, AR; Chad Finn, USDA ARS HCRU-Corvallis, OR; Dorrie Main, Sook Jung, Washington State University, Pullman, WA; Lailiang Cheng, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. Assessing variation at Mildew Resistance Locus O (MLO) gene in red raspberry; Ruth Meiers, Wageningen University, The Netherlands; Jason Zurn, Nahla Bassil, USDA ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR; Michael Dossett, BC Berry Cultivar Development Inc. (in partnership with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada), Agassiz, Canada; Judson Ward, Driscolls, Watsonville CA; Chad Finn, USDA ARS HCRU-Corvallis, OR. Developing an in vitro assay for assessing powdery mildew resistance in red raspberry; Jason Zurn, Dana Palmer, Nahla Bassil, USDA ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR; Michael Dossett, BC Berry Cultivar Development Inc. (in partnership with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada), Agassiz, Canada; Walt Mahaffee, Chad Finn, USDA ARS HCRU-Corvallis, OR. Black raspberry genomic resource development. A near complete assembly of the black raspberry genome; Robert VanBuren, Ching Man Wai, Patrick Edger, Marivi Colle, Kevin Childs, Michigan State University, E. Lansing, MI; Shawn Sullivan, Ivan Liachko, Phase Genomics, Seattle, WA; Nahla Bassil, Jill Bushakra; USDA ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR; Kelly Vining, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Michael Dossett, BC Berry Cultivar Development Inc. (in partnership with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada), Agassiz, Canada; Chad Finn, USDA ARS HCRU-Corvallis, OR; Rubina Jibran, David Chagné, Plant & Food Research Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Todd Mockler, The Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO. Fine mapping black raspberry aphid resistance to the North American large raspberry aphid: Christina Mulch, Kelly Vining, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Nahla Bassil, Jill Bushakra, USDA ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR; Chad Finn, Jana Lee, USDA ARS HCRU-Corvallis, OR; Michael Dossett, BC Berry Cultivar Development Inc. (in partnership with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada), Agassiz, Canada; Blackberry fingerprinting set to identify ‘Boysen’. Katie Carter Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Kim Hummer, Jason Zurn, Nahla Bassil, USDA ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR. Phylogeny of globalRubusspecies. Katie Carter, Aaron Liston, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR; Kim Hummer, Nahla Bassil, Jill Bushakra, USDA ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR; Larry Alice, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY. Evaluation of performance of black raspberry selections in the Pacific Northwest. Chad Finn, Mary Peterson,  USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR,  Bernadine Strik, Pat Jones, Oregon State University,  Patrick  Moore, Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Washington State University, Michael Dossett, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, BC. Evaluation of performance of red raspberry selections in the Pacific Northwest. Chad Finn, Mary Peterson,  USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR,  Bernadine Strik, Pat Jones, Oregon State University,   Patrick  Moore, Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Washington State University, Michael Dossett, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, BC. Evaluation of adaptation of red raspberry selections to machine harvesting. Patrick  Moore, Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Washington State University, Chad Finn, Mary Peterson, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR, Michael Dossett, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, BC. Evaluation of raspberry selections to root rot. Patrick Moore, Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt Washington State University, Chad Finn, Mary Peterson, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR,  Michael Dossett, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, BC. Blackberry germplasm evaluation in Utah. Black et al., Utah State University, UT. <h2>Blueberry & Huckleberry:</h2> North Carolina bluebrry breeding program. Ashrafi, Spencer, Bland, Cline, Mainland, Bloodworth, Iorisson, and Ballingotn, NC State, NC. Evaluation of performance of blueberry in the Pacific Northwest. Chad Finn, Ted Mackey, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR, Bernadine Strik, Pat Jones, Oregon State University, John R. Clark, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, Mark Ehlenfeldt USDA-ARS, Chatsworth, NJ. Blueberry cultivar comparison on an “upland” soil.  Rich Marini and Kathy Demchak, Penn State, PA, Jim Luby, University of Minnesota, MN, Jim Hancock, Michigan State University, MI. Identified blueberries that are slow to become infected with Blueberry shock virus. Postman and Finn USDA ARS Corvallis, OR. Confirming identity of blueberry cultivars by DNA Fingerprinting. Bassil et al., USDA ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR and Rowland, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD. <h2>Elderberry:</h2> Selection of blue elderberry (Sambucus cerulean), Black et al., Utah State University, UT. <h2>Grapes:</h2> Evaluation of cold-hardy muscadine material. Hoffman, Perkins-Veazie, Bland, Cline, Ballington, Bloodworth, Ashrafi. NC State, NC. Germplasm enhancement to develop red and white wine grapes that will be winter hardy. Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University. VitisGen2: Mapping the way to the next generation of grapes. Reisch and Cadle-Davidson (PDs), Cornell, NY. <h2>Ribes: none</h2> <h2>Strawberry:</h2> North Carolina strawberry breeding program. Fernandez, Schiavone, and Chacon-Jimenez, NC State, NC. Ontario day-neutral breeding program. Dale et al., University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Improving germplasm for strawberry. Amyotte et al., Ag Canada, Nova Scotia, Canada. Evaluation of performance of strawberry selections in the Pacific Northwest. Chad Finn, Ted Mackey,  USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR,  Bernadine Strik, Pat Jones, Oregon State University,  Patrick  Moore, Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Washington State University, Michael Dossett, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, BC; Courtney Weber, Cornell University, NY. Assessing genetic diversity in the cultivated strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa) collection at the National Clonal Germplasm Repository Jason Zurn, Nahla Bassil, Kim Hummer, USDA ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR; Steve Knapp, Michael Hardigan, UC Davis, CA. RosBreed: Combining disease resistance with horticultural quality in new rosaceous cultivars Jason Zurn, Nahla Bassil, Christina Mulch, USDA ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR; Seonghee Lee, Vance Whitaker, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL. Craig Hardner University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia. Cultivar and germplasm evaluations at Grower Farms in Virginia. Samtani et al., Virginia Tech, VA. <h2>Other small fruit crops:</h2> Evaluation of Juneberry biotypes for nursery evaluationin comparison to the most common cultivars available in Canada and the US.  Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University, ND. Testing chokecherry lines for resistance to X-disease.  Dai et al., North Dakota State University, ND. Evaluation of black current germplasm. Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University, ND. Feasibility of Haskap (Honeyberry) Lonicera production in Northwestern Pennsylvania.  Bryan Hed and Jody Timer, Lake Erie Regional Grape Research and Extension Center, Penn State, PA. Economic and post-harvest phenotypic evaluations of hardy kiwi. Guthrie et al., University of Minnesota, MN. Improving sampling and detection protocols to survey Ribesgermplasm for black currant reversion virus; Jason Zurn, Nahla Bassil, Joseph Postman, USDA-ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR; Robert Martin, USDA-ARS HCRU-Corvallis, OR. <h2>Objective 2 - Develop practices for small fruit production tailored for climatic and market needs of growers.</h2> <h2>Blackberry and Raspberry:</h2> Development of an Arkansas blackberry association to promote the development of the state blackberry industry. McWirt, University of Arkansas, AK.  Managing vigor of blackberry with prohexadione calcium: Effects on vegetative and reproductive development. Fernandez et al., NC State, NC. Seasonal variation in blackberry nutrient concentration of primocane and floricane leaves in Prime-Ark 45 and Traveler in double cropped and single cropped systems. Fernandez et al., NC State, NC. Evaluate ways to get more fruit from primocane blackberry cultivars. Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University, ND. Evaluate organic production methods for raspberry and blackberry cultivars. Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University, ND. Polyethylene and biodegradable plastic mulches for improved establishment of raspberry planted as tissue culture transplants. Huan Zhang (graduate student), Lisa Wasko DeVetter (PI), Carol Miles, and Chris Benedict, Washington State University, WA, Inga Zasada, USDA-ARS, OR, Shursh Ghimire, University of Connecticut, CT. Fall Raspberry High Tunnel Trial for SWD. Hutchinson, Rogers, and Burkness, University of Minnesota, MN. Fall Raspberry Insecticide Trial for SWD. Gullickson, Rogers, Burkness, and Hutchison. University of Minnesota, MN. Fall Raspberry Exclusion Trial for SWD. Gullickson, Rogers, and Poppe. University of Minnesota, MN. Develop improved management strategies for high tunnel berry production in an arid high-elevation climate. Black et al., Utah State University, UT. Raspberry pollination. Cane et al., Utah State University, UT. Evaluating foliar nutrients effects on fruit quality and yield of two new blackberry cultivars. Conway et al., Virginia Tech, VA. Alternative crop inputs. Gerbrandt et al., British Columbia, Canada. Fertility trials. Gerbrandt et al., British Columbia, Canada. <h2>Blueberry & Huckleberry:</h2> Relationship between soil and tissue nutrient concentration and yield over eight years in certified organic blueberry production systems. Strik et al., Oregon State University, OR.   Development of alternate fertilization programs to mitigate nutrient problems found in long-term organic blueberry production systems.Strik et al., Oregon State University, OR.   Mulching practices to improve plant growth, water savings, and soil organic matter content during establishment of highbush blueberry.Strik et al., Oregon State University, OR.   Machine harvesting and low-input pruning options in ‘Mini Blues’ for specialized processed markets.Strik et al., Oregon State University, OR.   Pruning and training options for improving production efficiency in ‘Legacy’ blueberry. Strik et al., Oregon State University, OR. Evaluating commercially available technologies for weed management in blueberries: saturated steam and rotary brush. Moretti et al., Oregon State University, OR. Management options for field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) in blueberries. Moretti et al., Oregon State University, OR. Enhancing blueberry pollination through an improved understanding of pollen biology and implementation of in-field practices in western Washington. Weixin Gan (graduate student), Matt Arrington (former graduate student), and Lisa Wasko DeVetter (PI), Washington State University, WA. Improving Machine Harvest Efficiency and Pack Out of High Quality Blueberries for Fresh Markets. Lisa Wasko DeVetter (PI for WSDA grant), Washington State University, WA, Wei Yang (PI for OSDA grant), Oregon State University, OR, C. Li (PI for SCRI grant), University of Georgia, GA, Fumi Takeda, USDA-ARS, WV, Steve Sargent, University of Florida, FL, Randy Beaudry, Michigan State University, MI, Andy Freivalds, Pennsylvania State University, PA,  Karina Gallardo, Washington State University, WA,  D. Zilberman, University of California-Berkeley, CA, Eric Stafne, Mississippi State University, MS, Herald Scherm, University of Georgia, Jinru Chen, University of Georgia, GA,  Jeff Williamson, University of Florida, FL, Scott Korthuis, Brian Foote, Oxbo International , WA. Optimizing nutrient management for organically grown blueberries in eastern Washington. Amit Bhasin (graduate student), Lisa Wasko DeVetter (PI), Joan Davenport, and Gwen Hoheisel, Washington State University, WA. Determining blueberry cold hardiness in Washington. Gwen Hoheisel (PI), Lisa Wasko DeVetter, Lav Khot, Washington State University, WA, and David Michael Gibeaut, Oregon State University, OR.  SWD Physical Exclusion and Microclimate Modification in Blueberries . Hodge, Gullickson, Rogers, and Burkness, University of Minnesota, MN. Alternative crop inputs. Gerbrandt et al., British Columbia, Canada. Fertility trials. Gerbrandt et al., British Columbia, Canada. Mitigation of nutritional disorders. Gerbrandt et al., British Columbia, Canada. Mitigation of fruit quality concerns in new varieties. Gerbrandt et al., British Columbia, Canada. <h2>Elderberry:</h2> Propagation of blue elderberry (S. cerulean). Black et al., Utah State University, UT. Propagation of own-rooted chokecherry. Black et al., Utah State University, UT. <h2>Grapes:</h2> High Tunnel Grape Production Systems: A Novel Sustainable Approach to Growing Grapes. D. T. Johnson, R. Threlfall, J. Lee, A. McWhirt, R. Rainey, L. Freeman. University of Arkansas, AK. Evaluation of the presence of grape viruses in NC vineyards. Hoffman et al., NC State, NC. Evaluation of mechanical vs. hand leaf removal in NC vineyards.Hoffman et al., NC State, NC. Evaluation of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (M-52) as control agent for root feeding Grape Phylloxera.Hoffman et al., NC State, NC. Examining the effects of four trellis systems for ‘Marquette’ and ‘Petite Pearl’ grapes. Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University, ND. Evaluation of 12 yeasts on ‘Petite Pearl’ and ‘Crimson Pearl’ juice.  Examining the effects of four trellis systems for ‘Marquette’ and ‘Petite Pearl’ grapes, Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University, ND. Effect of viticultural practices (fruit zone leaf removal, shoot thinning, crop positioning, and crop load management) on fruit yield, quality, and vine cold hardiness of ‘Frontenac’, ‘Marquette’, and ‘Prairie Star’. Examining the effects of four trellis systems for ‘Marquette’ and ‘Petite Pearl’ grapes, Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University, ND. Adapt viticulture in Southern Ontario to climate and drought stress. Rahemi et al., University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Expanding the adoption of under-trellis cultivators in vineyards to reduce herbicide input. Moretti et al., Oregon State University, OR. Impacts of vine vigor and carbohydrate and nitrogen status on fruitfulness of Pinot noir. Skinkis et al., Oregon State University, OR. Statewide crop load project: defining yield management practices for quality Pinot noir in Oregon. Skinkis et al., Oregon State University, OR. Improving cool climate vineyard yield potential through pruning and nitrogen fertilization practices. Skinkis et al., Oregon State University, OR. Understanding symptomology and physiological effects of Red Blotch Disease in vineyards in Oregon’s Willamette Valley. Skinkis et al., Oregon State University, OR. Exploring vineyard management practices to mitigate effects of Red Blotch Disease in Oregon’s Willamette Valley. Skinkis et al., Oregon State University, OR. Ribes:none <h2>Strawberry:</h2> Determination of Optimum Fertilization Rates for Recently Released Strawberry Cultivars in Both Field and High Tunnel Production. McWhirt and Lee, University of Arkansas, AK.  Over the top herbicide applications in plasticulture strawberry production. Lee and McWhirt, University of Arkansas, AK. Nutrient Use Efficiency Assessments of Recently Released Strawberry Cultivars in Both Field and High-tunnel Production. McWhirt and Lee, University of Arkansas, AK.  Developing an annual day-neutral strawberry planting system with biodegradable mulches. Hoover and Poppe, University of Minnesota, MN. The influence of flowering herb strips on strawberry pollination success. Hecht, Hoover, and Rogers, University of Minnesota, MN. Chemical fumigant alternative research. Hoffmann et al., NC State, NC.  Freeze mechanisms in strawberries. Hoffmann et al., NC State, NC. Optimization of runner production in ‘Albion.’ Hoffmann et al., NC State, NC. Extended season production with ‘Albion’: Plug conditioning for Fall/Spring production systems in Southeastern. Hoffmann et al., NC State, NC. Day-neutral strawberry plant management under tunnels. Pritts et al., Cornell University, NY. Anthracnose in strawberries. Celetti et al, Universtiy of Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Develop strategies for dayneutral strawberry fertility, irrigation, and substrate culture in high tunnels. Zandstra et al., University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Improving weed control options in strawberries. Moretti et al., Oregon State University, OR.  Evaluating Organic Pest Control Products for Strawberries in Combination with High and Low Tunnels for Limited Resource Farmers in the Mid-South. Wallace, Texas A&M, TX. Evaluating nutrient supplements to improve strawberry fruit yield and quality. Samtani et al., Virginia Tech, VA. <h2>Other small fruit crops:</h2> <h2>General:</h2> Ring-test within and outside NCPN for all major berry viruses. Tzanetakis, University of Arkansas, AK. Validation of NGS technology for routine virus testing of G1 plants. Comparisons of NGS vs traditional methods including grafting. Tzanetakis, University of Arkansas, AK. Field surveys to develop a list of ‘canary viruses’ affecting blueberry and Rubusacross the US. Tzanetakis, University of Arkansas, AK. Improve diagnostics – major bottleneck the genetic diversity of berry viruses.  Tzanetakis, University of Arkansas, AK. NGS sequencing and bioinformatics analysis as service to the berry group. Tzanetakis, University of Arkansas, AK. Optimizing Protected Culture Environments for Berry Crops.  Eric Hanson, Rufus Isaacs, and Annemiek Schilder, Michigan State University, MI, Kathy Demchak, Maria Cramer, Rich Marini, Bill Lamont, Kathy Kelley, Dennis Decoteau, Penn State University, PA, Emily Hoover and Mary Rogers, Univ. of Minnesota, MN, Marvin Pritts and Lois Levitan, Cornell Univ., NY, David Conner, Univ. of Vermont, VT, Becky Sideman, Univ. of New Hampshire, NA,  Kim Lewers, USDA-Beltsville, MD, Mike Glenn (retired), USDA-Kearneysville, WV, Nigel Paul and Crispin Halsall, Lancaster Univ., U.K. Innovative air-propelled abrasive grit application to manage weeds in perennial horticultural crops. Hoover and Poppe, University of Minnesota, MN. Improve SWD forecasting using local migration and overwintering data. Hutchinson and Tran, University of Minnesota, MN. Detecting SWD infestation in fruit using a handheld spectrometer. Tong, Rogers, Hutchinson, and Burkness, University of Minnesota, MN. Lethal and sub-lethal effects of novel insecticides on invasive spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii). Gullickson, Rogers, Burkness, and Hutchinson, University of Minnesota, MN. <h2>Objective 3 - Explore the association between fruit constituents and human health impacts.</h2> <h2>Blackberry and Raspberry:</h2> Comparison of organic and conventionally grown blackberry and raspberry cultivars in order to understand and improve the different value-added quality parameters such as critical human health-relevant bioactive profiles, sensory qualities, and other post-harvest preservation qualities such as berry shelf-life. Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University. <h2>Blueberry:</h2> Application of NIRs for rapid screening of sugar composition in blueberry. Perkins-Veazie et al., NC State, NC. Characterize phytochemical content and nutrigenomic traits in blueberry germplasm for association mapping studies. Perkins-Veazie et al., NC State, NC. <h2>Grapes: </h2> Selective modification and stimulation of phenolic profiles using system-based metabolic innovation and up-regulation of key defense related pathways to enhance both grape fruit quality and longevity during post-harvest stages.Hatterman-Valenti and Shetty, North Dakota State University. <h2>Ribes: none</h2> <h2>Strawberry:</h2> Amount and stability of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in strawberry cultivars after storage. Perkins-Veazie et al., NC State, NC.

Publications

Almutairi, K.F., R. Machado, D. Bryla, and B.C. Strik. 2017. Chemigation with micronized sulfur rapidly reduces soil pH in northern highbush blueberry. HortScience 52:1413-1418. Anderson, H., E. Hoover, and M. Rogers. 2018. Low Tunnel Covering Impacts Microclimate, Fruit Yield, and Quality in an Organic Strawberry Production System. HortTechnology. Submitted. Andrikopoulos, C.J. and J.H. Cane. 2018. Comparative pollination efficacies of five bee species on raspberry. Journal of Economic Entomology. doi.org/10.1093/jee/toy226. Andrikopoulos, C.J. and J.H. Cane. 2018. Two prolonged bee visits suffice to maximize drupelet set for red raspberry. HortScience 53(10):1404-1406. Arrington, M. and L.W. DeVetter. 2018. Floral morphology differs among new northern highbush blueberry cultivars. J. Hortic. 5:1. Arrington, M. and L.W. DeVetter. 2018. Increasing honey bee hive densities promotes pollination and yield components of highbush blueberry in western Washington. HortScience 53:191-194. Bassil, N.V., A. Bidani, K. Hummer, L.J. Rowland, J., Olmstead, P. Lyrene, and C. Richards. 2018. Genetic diversity of wild southeastern American Vacciniumspecies using microsatellite markers. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 65(3): 939-950. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10722-017-0585-2 Black, B.L., T. Lindstrom, T. Maughan, B. Hunter and S. Olsen. 2017. Adaptability of blackberry cultivars to a high-elevation arid climate. Journal of the American Pomological Society. 71(3): 183-191.  Bushakra, J.M., M. Dossett, K.A. Carter, K.J. Vining, J.C. Lee, D.W. Bryant, R. VanBuren, J. Lee, T.C. Mockler, C.E. Finn, and N.V. Bassil. 2018. Characterization of aphid resistance loci in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalisL.). Mol. Breed. 38:83-102. DOI: 10.1007/s11032-018-0839-5. Cai, W., J.D. Zurn, N.V. Bassil, and K.E. Hummer. 2017. Perpetual flowering in strawberry species. HortScience. 52(11):1496-1500. Clark, J.R., T. Ernst, A.J. Vance, and B.C. Strik. 2018. ‘Compassion’ seedless table grape. HortScience 53:401-401. Clark, J.R., J.N. Moore, J.R. Morris, and R. Threlfall. 2018. ‘Opportunity’ and ‘Enchantment’ wine grapes for the upper South of the United States. HortScience 53:1208-12011. Clark, J.R., A. Salgado, A. Draper, C.E. Finn, P. Sandefur, and P. Boches. 2018. ‘Norman’ southern highbush blueberry. HortScience 53:737-740. Clark, M., S.L. Teh, E. Burkness, L. Moreira, L. Yin, W.D. Hutchison, and J.J. Luby. 2018. Quantitative trait loci identifiedfor foliar phylloxera resistance in a hybrid grape population. Aus. J. Grape and Wine Res. 24(3): 292-300. Conner. D. and K. Demchak. 2018. Farmer perceptions of tunnels for berry production: management and marketing implications. In press. Conner, P.J., G. Gunawan, and J.R. Clark. 2018. Characterization of the p3-VvAGL11 marker for stenospermocarpic seedlessness in Euvitisx Muscadiniagrape hybrid progenies. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 143:167-172. DeVetter, L.W., S. Watkinson, I.A. Zasada, J.E. Weiland, and T.W. Walters. 2018. Effectiveness of non-tarped broadcast fumigation and root removal on root lesion nematode and Fusarium and Pythium species in a red raspberry system. Plant Health Prog. doi:10.1094/PHP-01-18-0006-RS. Diaz-Lara, A., L. Santamaria, and R.R. Martin. 2017. Identification of Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) and Potato latent virus (PotLV) as mixed infection in Chinese lantern (Physalis alkekengi) in the United States. Plant Dis. 101:1061. Finn, C.E., Strik, B.C., Peterson, M.E. Yorgey, B.M., Moore, P.P., Jones, P.A., Lee, J., and Martin, R.R. 2018. ‘Kokanee’ primocane-fruiting red raspberry. HortScience. 53:380-383. Finn, C.E., B.M. Sebasta, and J.R. Clark. 2018. Blackberry, p. 752-754. In: K. Gasic, J.E. Preece, and D. Karp (eds.). Register of new fruit and nut cultivars List 49. HortScience 53:748-766. Finn, C.E., B.C. Strik, B.M. Yorgey, M.E. Peterson, P.A. Jones, J. Lee, and R.R. Martin. 2018. ‘Columbia Giant’ thornless trailing blackberry. HortScience 53:251-255. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI12671-17. Finn, C.E., B.C. Strik, B.M. Yorgey, M.E. Peterson, P.A. Jones, and R.R. Martin. 2018. ‘Columbia Sunrise’ thornless trailing blackberry. HortScience 53:256-260. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI12673-17. Finn, C.E., B.C. Strik, B.M. Yorgey, T.A. Mackey, P.P. Moore, M. Dossett, P.A. Jones, J. Lee. R.R. Martin, K.L. Ivors, and A.R. Jamieson. 2018. ‘Marys Peak’ strawberry. HortScience 53:395-400. Finn, C.E., B.C. Strik, M.E. Peterson, B.M. Yorgey, P.P. Moore, P.A. Jones, J. Lee, and R.R. Martin. ‘Kokanee’. 2018.  Primocane Fruiting Red Raspberry. HortScience 53:380-383.            Finn, C.E., B.C. Strik, B.M. Yorgey, T.A. Mackey, P.P. Moore, M. Dossett, J. Lee, R.R. Martin, K.L. Ivors, A.R. Jamieson. 2018. ‘Marys Peak’ Strawberry. HortScience. 53:395-400. Gallardo, K., E. Stafne, L.W. DeVetter, Q. Zhang, C. Li, F. Takeda, J. Williamson, W. Yang, R. Beaudry, B. Cline, R. Allen. 2018. Blueberry producers’ attitudes toward harvest mechanization for fresh market. HortTechnology 28:10-16. Gallardo, R.K., Q. Zhang, M. Dossett, J.J. Polashock, C Rodriguez-Saona, N. Vorsa, P.P. Edger, H. Ashrafi, E. Babiker, C.E. Finn, I. Massimo. 2018. Breeding trait priorities of the blueberry industry in the United States and Canada. HortScience 53: 1021-1028. DOI: 10.21273/HORTSCI12964-18. Gallardo R.K., Q. Zhang, J. Polashock, A. Atucha, J. Zalapa, C. Rodriguez-Saona, N. Vorsa, and M. Iorizzo. 2018. Breeding Trait Priorities of the Cranberry Industry in the United States and Canada. HortScience53:1467-1474. Garton, W.J., L.W. DeVetter, M. Mazzola, and C.A. Miles. 2018. A review of Neofabraea malicorticis biology and management of anthracnose canker in apple orchards in the maritime Pacific Northwest. J. Amer. Pomol. Soc. 72(2):113-121. Hancock, J.F., P.P. Edger, P.W. Callow, T. Herlache, and C.E. Finn.2018. Generating a unique germplasm base for the breeding of day-neutral strawberry cultivars. HortScience 53:1069-1071 <a href="https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI12840-18">https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI12840-18</a>. Hancock, J.F., J.W. Olmstead, R.A. Itle, P.W. Callow, S.P. Neils-Kraft, E.J. Wheeler, J. Mangdi, S.S. Sooriyapathirana, L.K. Rowland, T. A. Mackey, N.V. Bassil, and C.E. Finn. 2018. Performance of an elite, hybrid family of a northern × southern highbush cross ‘Draper’ × ‘Jewel’). Euphytica 214:95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-018-2173-8. Hassan, M., P.L. Di Bello, K.E. Keller, R.R. Martin, S. Sabanadzovic, and I.E. Tzanetakis. 2017. A new, widespread emaravirus discovered in blackberry. Virus Research 235:1-5. Hassan, M., M.S. Shahid, and I.E. Tzanetakis. 2018. Molecular characterization and detection of a novel vitivirus infecting blackberry. Archives of Virology 163:2889–2893. Hummer, K.E. 2018. Register of new fruit and nut cultivars list 49: blue honeysuckle. HortScience. 53(6):748. Jibran, R., H. Dzierzon, N. Bassil, J.M. Bushakra, P.P. Edger, S. Sullivan, C.E. Finn, M. Dossett, K.J. Vining, R. VanBuren, T.C. Mockler, I. Liachko, K.M. Davies, T.M. Foster and D. Chagné. 2018. Chromosome-scale scaffolding of the black raspberry (Rubus occidentalisL.) genome based on chromatin interaction data.Hort. Res. 5:8-, DOI 10.1038/s41438-017-0013-y. Kingston, P.H., C.F. Scagel, D.R. Bryla, and B.C. Strik. 2018. Suitability of sphagnum peat moss, coir, and douglas fir bark as soilless substrates for container production of highbush blueberry. HortScience 52:1692-1699. Koloniuk, I., T. Thekke-Veetil, J.S. Reynard, I.P. Mavrič, J. Přibylová, J. Brodard, I. Kellenberger, T. Sarkisova, J. &Scaron;pak, J. Lamov&scaron;ek, S. Massart, and I.E. Tzanetakis. 2018. Molecular characterization of divergent Closterovirus isolates infecting Ribesspecies. Viruses 10: 369. Köycü, D.N., J.E. Stenger, and H.M. Hatterman-Valenti. 2017. Cold Climate Winegrape cultivar sensitivity to sulfur in the northern Great Plains Region of the United States. HortTechnology. 27(2):235-239. LeFors, J., D. Johnson, and T. Woodruff. 2017. Acaricidal control of broad mites in blackberry, 2016. Arthropod Management Tests 42(1): https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsx113. Lefors, J.A., D.T. Johnson, T. Kirkpatrick, T. Woodruff, and G.J. De Moraes. 2018. A two step centrifugation method with water and sucrose to separate mites from raw extracts of tullgren funnels. Syst. Appl. Acarol.-UK 23(5):860-867. Livingston, D.P., T.D. Doung, M. Hoffmann, and G. Fernandez. 2018. Protocol for producing three-dimensional infrared video of freezing in plants. Journal of Visualized Experiments 139:58025. Maes, P., S.V. lkhovsky, Y. Bào, M. Beer, M. Birkhead, T. Briese, M.J. Buchmeier, C.H. Calisher, R.N. Charrel, I.R. Choi, and C.S. Clegg. 2018. Taxonomy of the Family Arenaviridae and the order Bunyavirales: Update 2018.  Archives of Virology, Publ online <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-018-3843-5">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-018-3843-5</a>   Martin, R.R. and I.E. Tzanetakis. 2018.  High risk blueberry viruses by region in North America; Implications for certification, nurseries, and fruit production.  Viruses 10:342 doi:10.3390/v10070342  Martin, R.C., R.R. Martin, and M.L. Putnam. 2018. First report of Cocksfoot mottle virus infecting Dactylis glomerata in forage production fields in California. Plant Dis.  <a href="https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-18-0277-PDN">https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-18-0277-PDN</a> Maughan, T., B.L. Black, L.A. Rupp and M.A. Yost. 2018. Propagation techniques for Sambucus cerulea(Blue Elderberry). Native Plants Journal 19(2): 80-88. Moore, P.P., C. Finn and M Dossett. 2018. In:  Ksenija Gasic, John Preece, David Karp (Eds.). Register of Fruit and Nut Cultivars List 49. HortScience 53:770-771. Noh, Y., J. Mangandi, S. Verma, J.D. Zurn, Y. Lu, Z. Fan, N.V. Bassil, N. Peres, V.M. Whitaker, and S. Lee. 2018. Development and validation of marker assays for high-throughput detection of Phytophthora crown rot resistance, FaRPc2, in the cultivated octoploid strawberry. Mol. Breed. 38:104. Pinon, A.F. and R.R. Martin. 2018. Frist report of strawberry necrotic shock virus in strawberry in Benquet, Philippines. Plant Disease <a href="https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-18-0491-PDN">https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-18-0491-PDN</a>. Reeve, A.L., P.A. Skinkis, A.J. Vance, K.R. McLaughlin, E. Tomasino, J. Lee, and J.M. Tarara. 2018. Vineyard floor management and cluster thinning inconsistently affect 'Pinot noir' crop load, berry composition, and wine quality. HortScience 53: 318-328. Rendon, D., A.L. Arsenault-Benoit, C.M. Taylor, K. Hamby, R., Evans, C. Roubos, A.A. Sial, M. Rogers, A. Petran, S. Van Timmeren, P. Fanning, R. Isaacs, V. Walton. 2018. Mulching as a cultural control strategy for Drosophila suzukiiin blueberry.  Journal of Pest Science. Submitted. Renkema, J.M., J.A. LeFors, and D.T. Johnson. 2017. First report of broad mite (Acari: Tarsonemidae) on commercial strawberry in Florida. Fla. Entomol. 100(4):804-806. Rubinstein, J., E. Hoover, M. and Rogers. 2018. Exploring the use of mycorrhizal biofertlizers for organic day-neutral strawberry production in the Upper Midwest.Agroecology & Sustainable Food Systems. Submitted. Rudolph, R., T. Walters, L.W. DeVetter, and I.A. Zasada. 2018. Contribution of a winter wheat cover crop to the maintenance of Pratylenchus penetranspopulations in the raspberry production system with management considerations. HortTechnology.28(2):182-188. Rudolph, R.E., I.A. Zasada, C. Hesse, and L.W. DeVetter. 2018. Brassicaceous seed meal, root removal, and chemical fumigation vary in their effects on soil quality parameters and Pratylenchus penetransin a replanted floricane raspberry production system. Appl.Soil Ecol. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.08.024">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.08.024</a>. Salinas, N.R., J.D. Zurn, M. Mathey, B. Denoyes, C.E. Finn, J.F. Hancock, P. Stewart, and N.V. Bassil. 2017. Validation of molecular markers associated with perpetual flowering in octoploid Fragaria germplasm. Mol. Breed. 37:70. Samtani, J.B., C.R. Rom, H. Friedrich, S.A. Fennimore, C.E. Finn, A. Petran, R.W. Wallace, M.P. Pritts, G. Fernandez, C. Chase, C. Kubota, and B. Bergefurd. 2019. The Status and Future of the Strawberry Industry in the United States. HortTechnology. In press. Schlautman, B., L. Diaz-Garcia, G. Covarrubias-Pazaran, N. Schlautman, N. Vorsa, J.J. Polashock, E.L. Ogden, A. Brown, Y. Lin, N.V. Bassil, E.J. Buck, C. Wiedow, S. McCallum, J. Graham, M. Iorizzo, L.J. Rowland, and J.E., Zalapa. 2017. Comparative genetic mapping reveals synteny and collinearity between the American cranberry and diploid blueberry genomes. Molecular Breeding. 38:9. Schreiner, R.P., J. Osborne, and P.A. Skinkis. 2018. Nitrogen requirements of Pinot noir based on growth parameters, must composition, and fermentation behavior. Am. J Enol. Vitic. 69: 45-58. Segantini, D.M., R.T. Threlfall, J.R. Clark, L.R. Howard, and C.R. Brownmiller. 2018. Physiochemical changes in floricane and primocane blackberries harvested from primocane genotypes. HortScience 53:9-15. Sial, A.A., C. Roubos, B.K. Gautam, P. Fanning, S. Van Timmeren, J. Spies, A. Petran, M. Rogers, O.E. Liburd, B. Liburd, S. Curry, and R. Isaacs. 2018.  Evaluation of organic insecticides for management of spotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) in berry crops. Applied Pest Management. Submitted. Stenger, J. and H. Hatterman-Valenti.  2017. ‘NDMutant1’: A novel determinate interspecific grapevine for genetic and physiological study and breeding applications. HortScience 53(2):261-263. Strik, B.C. 2018. Pruning and training systems impact yield and cold hardiness of ‘Marion’ trailing blackberry. Agriculture 8: doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture8090134">10.3390/agriculture8090134</a> Strik, B.C. and A.J. Vance. 2018. Seasonal variation in mineral nutrient concentration of primocane and floricane leaves in trailing blackberry cultivars produced in an organic system. J. Amer. Pom. Soc. 72: 181-194. Strik, B.C., A.J. Vance, D.R. Bryla, and D.M. Sullivan. 2017. Organic production systems in northern highbush blueberry: I. Impact of planting method, cultivar, fertilizer, and mulch on yield and fruit quality from planting through maturity. HortScience 52:844-851. Strik, B.C., A.J. Vance and C.E. Finn. 2017. Northern highbush blueberry cultivars differ in yield and fruit quality in two organic production systems from planting to maturity. HortScience 52: 844-851. Thekke-Veetil, T., T. Ho, J.D. Postman,  and I.E. Tzanetakis. 2017. Characterization and detection of a novel idaeovirus infecting black currant. European Journal of Plant Pathology 149: 751-757. Thekke-Veetil, T., T. Ho, J.D. Postman, R.R. Martin and I.E. Tzanetakis. 2018. A virus in American blackcurrant (Ribes americanum) with distinct genome geatures reshapes classification in the Tymovirales. Viruses10: 406. Thekke-Veetil, T. and I.E. Tzanetakis, I.E. 2017. Development of reliable detection assays for blueberry mosaic- and blackberry vein banding- associated viruses based on their population structures. Journal of Virological Methods 248: 191-194. Thompson, B.D., J. Dahan, J. Lee, R.R. Martin, and A.V. Karasev, A.V. 2018. A novel genetic variant of Grapevchaine leafroll-associated virus-3 (GLRaV-3) from Idaho grapevines. Plant Disease URL: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-18-1303-RE">https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-18-1303-RE</a> Tzanetakis, I.E. and R.R. Martin. 2017. A systems-based approach to manage strawberry virus diseases.  Canadian Journal Plant Pathology 39:5-10. VanBuren, R., C. Man-Wai, M. Colle, J. Wang, S. Sullivan, J.M. Bushakra, I. Liachko, K.J. Vining, M. Dossett, C.E. Finn, R. Jibran, D. Chagne, K. Childs, P.O. Edger, T.C. Mockler, and N.V. Bassil. 2018. A near complete, chromosome-scale assembly of the black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) genome. GigaScience 7:1-9 doi: 10.1093/gigascience/giy094. Vance, A.J. and B.C. Strik. 2018. Seasonal changes in leaf nutrient concentration of male and female hardy kiwifruit grown in Oregon. European J. Hort. Sci. Special issue on kiwifruit 83: 247-258. Vance, A.J., B.C. Strik and J.R. Clark. 2017. Table grape performance in Oregon’s Willamette Valley. Journal of the American Pomological Society 71: 240-249. Verma, S., J.D. Zurn, N. Salinas, M. M. Mathey, B. Denoyes, J.F. Hancock, C.E. Finn, N.V. Bassil, and V.M. Whitaker. 2017. Clarifying sub-genomic positions of QTLs for flowering habit and fruit quality in strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa) breeding populations using pedigree-based QTL analysis. Hortic. Res. 4:17062 doi:10.1038/hortres.2017./62. Vining, K.J., N. Salinas, J.A. Tennessen, J.D. Zurn, D.J. Sargent, J., Hancock, J., and N.V. Bassil. 2017. Genotyping-by-sequencing enables linkage mapping in three octoploid cultivated strawberry families. PeerJ.5:e3731 doi:10.7717/peerj.3731. Weiland, J.E., C. Benedict, I.A. Zasada, C.R. Scagel, B.R. Beck, A. Davis, K. Graham, A. Peetz, R.R. Martin, J.K.S. Dung, A.R. Gaige, and L. Thiessen. 2018. Late summer disease symptoms in western Washington red raspberry fields associated with co-occurrence of Phytophthora rubi,Verticillium dahliae, and Pratylenchus penetrans, but not Raspberry bushy dwarf virus.  Plant Disease 102:938-947. Zurn, J.D., K. A. Carter, M.H. Yin, M.W. Worthington, J.R. Clark, C.E. Finn, and N.V. Bassil. 2018. Validating blackberry seedling pedigrees and developing an improved multiplexed microsatellite fingerprinting set. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 143:381-390. Proceedings Bidani, A., K.E. Hummer, J. Olmstead, P. Lyrene, L.J. Rowland, and N.V. Bassil. 2017. Microsatellite markers for genetic analyses in southeastern Vaccinium species. Acta Horticulturae1180:373-378. doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2017.1180.51. Bidani, A., K.E. Hummer, L.J. Rowland, and N.V. Bassil. 2017. Development of an efficient DNA test for genetic identity confirmation in blueberry. Acta Horticulturae 1180:363-368. doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2017.1180.49. Dale, A., B.M. Santos, C. Chandler, B.R. Hughes, and T. Taghavi. 2017. Breeding F1 Hybrid day-neutral strawberries in eastern North America. Acta Horticulturae 1156:47-52. Dale, A., S. Pirgozliev, and S. Kermasha. 2017. Heat before flowering decreases albinism in strawberries. Acta Horticulturae 1156:453-455. Diaz-Lara, A. and R.R. Martin, R.R. 2017. A novel Caulimovirus associated with a complete fruit drop symptom in ‘Bluecrop’ blueberry. Acta Horticulturae 1180:39-43. Hummer, K.E., J.M. Oliphant, T. Hoai, and K. Nguyen. 2017. Agapetes: Jewels of the Himalayas. Acta Horticulturae 1185:29-34. Hummer, K.E., J.M. Oliphant, T. Hoai, and K. Nguyen. 2017. Wild Vietnamese relatives of blueberries. Acta Horticulturae 1180:415-422. Hughes, B., J. Zandstra, A. Dale, and T. Taghavi. 2017. Effects of runner removal on productivity and plant growth of two day-neutral strawberry cultivars in Ontario. Acta Horticulturae 1156:327-332. Iezzoni, A., C. Peace, D. Main, N.V. Bassil, M. Coe, C.E. Finn, K., Gasic, J. Luby, S.C. Hokanson, J. McFerson, J.L. Norelli, M. Olmstead, V. Whitaker, C. Yue. 2017. RosBREED2: Progress and future plans to enable DNA-informed breeding in the Rosaceae. Acta Hortic. 1172:115-118. <a href="https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2017.1172.20">https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2017.1172.20</a>. Strik, B.C. and A. Vance. 2017. Weed management strategies in long-term organic blueberry production systems—Impact of mulch type and weed control methods on economics. Acta Hort. 1180: 347-352. Taghavi, T., J.P. Fortin, B. Hughes, J. Zandstra, A. Dale, and B. Wright. 2017. Developing substrate culture strategies for the production of day-neutral strawberries. Acta Horticulturae 1156:277-282 Books (including chapters) Hummer, K.E. 2017. Blackberries: an introduction. In: Hall, H.K., Funk, R.C., editors. Blackberries and their Hybrids. Oxford, England, United Kingdom: CABI. p. 1-16. Hummer, K.E. 2017. International regulations regarding exchange of Rubus plant material. In: Martin, R.R., Ellis, M.A., Williamson, B., Williams, R.N, editors. Compendium of Blackberry and Raspberry Diseases and Insects. St. Paul, MN: American Phytopathological Society. p. 146-147. Strik, B. 2017. Growth and development. In:Blackberries and their Hybrids. H. Hall and D. Funt (Eds.), CABI Press, Oxfordshire, UK, p:17-34 Strik, B. 2017. Plant nutrient management. In:Blackberries and their Hybrids. H. Hall and D. Funt (Eds.), CABI Press, Oxfordshire, UK, p:146-168 Strik, B and M. Stanton. 2017. Crop production. In:Blackberries and their Hybrids. H. Hall and D. Funt (Eds.), CABI Press, Oxfordshire, UK, p:245-265 Strik, B., F. Takeda, and G. Gao. 2017. Pruning and training. In:Blackberries and their Hybrids. H. Hall and D. Funt (Eds.), CABI Press, Oxfordshire, UK, p:169-201 VanBuren, R., D. Bryant, J. Bushakra, K.J. Vining, S. Filichkin, P.P. Edger, E.R. Rowley, H.D. Priest, T.P. Michael, M. Dossett, C.E. Finn, N.V. Bassil, and T. Mockler. 2018. Sequence and analysis of the black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) genome. In: Hytönen T., Graham J., Harrison R., editors. The Genomes of Rosaceous Berries and their Wild Relatives. Compendium of Plant Genomes. Basel, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. p. 185-197. Verma, S., L. Osorio, S. Lee, N.V. Bassil, and V. Whitaker. 2018. Genome-assisted breeding in the octoploid strawberry. In: Hytönen T., Graham J., Harrison R., editors. The Genomes of Rosaceous Berries and their Wild Relatives. Berlin, Germany: Springer, Cham. p. 161-184. In 2ndEdition of Compendium of Blueberry, Cranberry, and Lingonberry Diseases and Pests.  APS Press, St. Paul, MN. USA: Brannen, P.M., Sherm, H. & Martin, R.R. 2017. Blueberry Necrotic Ring Blotch Disorder. Pages 64-66. Converse, R.H. and Martin, R.R. 2017. Tomato Ringspot. Pages 76-78. Martin, R.R. 2017. Shock. Pages 72-73. Martin, R.R., Tzanetakis, I.E. and Ramsdell, D.C. 2017. Blueberry Mosaic. Page 64. Martin, R.R., Wegener, L., Sweeney, M. and Tzanetakis, I.E.  2017. Fruit Drop. Pages 61-62. Tzanetakis, I.E. and Martin, R.R. 2017. Blueberry latent spherical virus. Page 60. Tzanetakis, I.E. and Martin, R.R. 2017. Blueberry latent virus. Page 60. Tzanetakis, I.E. and Martin, R.R. 2017. Blueberry virus A. Pages 60-61. Tzanetakis, I.E. and Martin, R.R. 2017. Blueberry Certification. Pages 154-156. In 2ndEdition of Compendium of Raspberry and Blackberry Diseases and Pests. APS Press, St. Paul, MN, USA: Converse, R.H. and Martin, R.R. 2017. Apple mosaic virus. Converse, R.H. and Martin, R.R. 2017. Blackberry Calico. Converse, R.H. and Martin, R.R. 2017. Cherry leaf roll virus. Converse, R.H. and Martin, R.R. 2017. Cucumber mosaic virus. MacFarlane, S.A. and Martin, R.R. 2017. Nematode Transmitted Viruses. MacFarlane, S.A., Tzanetakis, I.E., Halgren, A.B. and Martin, R.R. 2017. Raspberry mosaic disease complex. Martin, R.R. 2017. Raspberry Certification Programs in North America. Martin, R.R. 2017. Rubus stunt phytoplasma. Martin, R.R. 2017. Raspberry bushy dwarf virus. Martin, R.R. and Converse, R.H. 2017.  Raspberry leaf curl virus Martin, R.R. and Tzanetakis, I.E. 2017. Introduction to diseases of Rubus caused by viruses and virus-like agents. Martin, R.R. and Tzanetakis, I.E. 2017. Other viruses and virus-like agents. Pritts, M.P. and B.C. Strik. Introduction. Pp. 1-7. Quito-Avila, D.F., Tzanetakis, I.E. and Martin, R.R. 2017. Raspberry latent virus. Strik, B.C. Part III. Disorders caused by abiotic factors. pp. 128-130. Strik, B.C. Solar injury. pp. 138. Tzanetakis, I.E. and Martin, R.R. 2017.Strawbery necrotic shock virus. Tzanetakis, I.E., Susaimuthu, J., Sabanadzovic, S. and Martin, R.R. 2017. Blackberry yellow vein disease.   Isaacs, R., Birch, A.N.E., Martin, R.R. and Trefor-Woodford, J.A. 2017. IPM Case Studies: Berry Crops, Chapter 31, In: Aphids as Crop Pests. CAB eBooks, https://<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781780647098.0620">10.1079/9781780647098.0620</a>. Theses Optimization of pollination and fruit set in blueberry: Flower morphology, pollinators, and nutrient supplementation. 2017. Matt Arrington. PhD Dissertation. Washington State University, WA.

Impact Statements

Objective 3 - Explore the association between fruit constituents and human health impacts. (North Carolina/Perkins-Veazie et al.) The NIR system provides a way to rapidly analyze blueberries for specific sugars while minimizing the number of samples that need to be run by high performance liquid chromatography. This experiment leverage preliminary data and method for the VacciniumCAP proposal. (North Carolina/Perkins-Veazie et al.) Strawberries are a robust source of vitamin C, even after storage.

Date of Annual Report: 01/06/2020

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 11/04/2019 - 11/07/2019
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2019 - 09/30/2019

Participants

Baird William Michigan State University
Black Brent Utah State University
Byers Patrick University of Missouri Extension
Clark Matthew University of Minnesota
DeVetter Lisa Washington State University
Dossett Michael British Columbia Blueberry Council
East Katherine Michigan State Univesity
Edger Patrick Michigan State University
Fennell Anne South Dakota State University
Finn Chad USDA-ARS, Oregon
Fitch-Deitz Candice Highland Community College
Gerbrandt Eric Sky Blue Horticulture
Gullickson Matthew University of Minnesota
Hall Megan University of Missouri
Hatterman-Valenti Harlene North Dakota State University
Hodge Claire Univesity of Minnesota
Horton Andrew University of Minnesota
Klodd Annie University of Minnesota
Luby James University of Minnesota
Martin Bob USDA ARS, Oregon
Menicos Deb Driscoll’s
Moore Patrick Washington State University
Moreira Laise University of Minnesota
Read Paul University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Rogers Mary University of Minnesota
Spencer Jessica North Carolina State University
Strik Bernadine Oregon State University
Treiber Erin University of Minnesota
Yin Lu University of Minnesota

Brief Summary of Minutes

On November 5th, Rogers and Clark greeted participants at the MN Landscape Arboretum in Chaska, MN. Attendees introduced themselves and oral reports were given by state, institutional, or company representatives. Reports were uploaded digitally on a shared drive prior to the meeting and research, industry, and extension activities were addressed for USDA (Corvallis, OR), North Carolina, Minnesota, British Columbia, Washington, Michigan, North Dakota, Oregon, and Utah. The business meeting was held following lunch on the same day.

On November 6^th, attendees boarded a bus to tour and learn about grape growing, wine and cider processing in Minnesota. Stops included 1) the UMN Horticultural Research Center (HRC), 2) Sweetland Orchard, and 3) Winery at Sovereign Estate. A welcome was given at the HRC by Pete Moe, director of the University of Minnesota Landscape Arboretum and Gregory Cuomo, Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Programs for the UMN College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences. Matthew Clark and staff from the UMN grape breeding and enology program gave a tour of the winemaking facilities, kiwiberry and grape plantings at the HRC. We ended the day back at the MN Landscape Arboretum where we viewed a remote seminar given by Chad Finn on the St. Paul campus to honor his career and accomplishments in small fruit breeding.

(Business Meeting Minutes provided as an attached pdf file)

Minutes Attachment:

Bus Meet Minutes_to attach.pdf

Accomplishments

Short-term Outcomes:  Most participants have extension appointments and/or regularly communicate with growers and other members of the small fruit industry. Regular communication provided by NCCC-212 annual meetings allows for everyone to share information, increase knowledge, and extend that knowledge to regional industries. This extension of information occurs through publications of extension articles and/or newsletters, presentations at workshops and local and regional meetings (e.g. Great Lakes Expo, Mid-Atlantic Fruit and Vegetable Convention, Washington Small Fruit Conference, South East Regional Fruit and Vegetable Conference, Lower Mainland Horticulture Improvement Association Grower Short Course), webinars, web sites, and one-on-one communications.     Outputs:  This project has resulted in the release of numerous new cultivars and the development of germplasm and selections with specific traits needed for adaptation to regional industries. For example, collaborative breeding programs at USDA-Corvallis, Washington State University, and British Columbia have produced cultivars that meet the needs of strawberry, caneberry (i.e. red raspberry and blackberry; some black raspberry), and blueberry growers in the Pacific Northwest. Some of those traits include machine harvestability and disease tolerance or resistance. They also actively collaborate with other programs, such as the University of Arkansas and private breeding companies, which allows for advancement and gains in knowledge of cultivars and selections outside of the regions in which they were bred. Several projects related to use of protected culture (high tunnels and low tunnels, exclusion nets) are producing strong evidence that certain disease and insect problems can be greatly reduced in strawberry or raspberry production, while others can become more problematic. Mulch application is also showing benefits in small fruit production and advancements in organic berry production are being made. See also “Publications”. Activities -  Collaborative projects: Over 50 projects fall under the umbrella of this NCCC-212 project are underway in addition to the ones listed below. Those listed below highlight many examples of multi-state (and multi-country in the case of Canada) collaborations. There are also several large, interdisciplinary project proposals that are in development and being submitted in the areas of Vaccinium species breeding and advancement, plasticulture, machine harvesting for fresh markets, blackberry industry needs assessments, and soilborne disease management. NCCC-212 provides opportunities for researchers across the US and Canada to formulate, plan, and advance competitive project proposals that benefit the small fruit industry. Collaborative projects are listed below by crop for each of the three objectives. <h2>Objective 1 - Develop improved small fruit germplasm through cooperative breeding and evaluation programs</h2> <h2>Blackberry and Raspberry:</h2> Evaluation of performance of blackberry selections in the Pacific Northwest. Chad Finn, Mary Peterson,  USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR,  Bernadine Strik, Pat Jones, Oregon State University, Patrick  Moore, Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Washington State University, John R. Clark, University of Arkansas, AR. Evaluation of performance of red raspberry selections in the Pacific Northwest. Chad Finn, Mary Peterson,  USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR,  Bernadine Strik, Pat Jones, Oregon State University,   Patrick  Moore, Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Washington State University, Michael Dossett, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, BC. Development of aphid resistant cultivars for improved black raspberries. Chad Finn, Ju. Lee, Jana Lee, Jerry Weiland, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR; Nahla Bassil, USDA-ARS Nat. Clonal Germplasm Repository; Michael Dossett, Agriculture & Agri-Foods Canada & BC Ministry of Agr.;  Courtney Weber, Cornell, Gina Fernandez, North Carolina State University. Improving germplasm for raspberry and blackberry. Amyotte et al., Ag Canada, Nova Scotia, Canada; Michael Dossett, Agriculture & Agri-Foods Canada & BC Ministry of Agr.;  Canadian Berry Trial Network: Dr. Beatrice Amyotte, Research Scientist, AAFC’s KRDC (Nova Scotia); Dr. Pierre Lafontaine, Director, Carrefour Industriel et Experimental de Lanaudiere, and Jennifer Crawford, Executive Director, Association des Producteurs de Fraises et Framboises (Quebec); Dr. John Zandstra, Professor, University of Guelph (Ontario); Dr. Eric Gerbrandt, Plant Scientist, Sky Blue Horticulture Ltd. (BC). Raspberry selection trial for Washington. P. Moore, W. Hoashi-Erhardt. Raspberry root rot evaluations for Washington. P. Moore, W. Hoashi-Erhardt. <h2>Blueberry & Huckleberry:</h2> Evaluation of performance of blueberry in the Pacific Northwest. Chad Finn, Ted Mackey,  USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR,  Bernadine Strik, Pat Jones, Oregon State University, John R. Clark, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, Mark Ehlenfeldt USDA-ARS, Chatsworth, NJ. “VacciniumCAP: Leveraging genetic and genomic resources to enable development of blueberry and cranberry cultivars with improved fruit quality attributes” was funded by NIFA-SCRI from 2019-2024. The project involves multiple NCCC-212 committee members. North Carolina bluebrry breeding program. Hamid Ashrafi, Jessica Spencer, Terry Bland, Bill Cline, Mike Mainland, Benny Bloodworth, Massimo Iorizzo and Jim Ballington. <h2>Elderberry: none</h2> <h2>Grapes:</h2> Germplasm enhancement to develop red and white wine grapes that will be winter hardy. Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University. Powdery mildew resistance in grapes (Minnesota). Matt Clark et al., University of Minnesota. Investigating genetic resistance to foliar phylloxera in cold hardy hybrid grapes. Matt Clark et al., University of Minnesota Improving quality of table grapes. Matt Clark et al., University of Minnesota. Cold hardy grape breeding and evaluation program. Matt Clark et al., University of Minnesota <h2>Ribes:</h2> Black currant germplasm screening. Hatterman-Valenti, North Dakota State University. <h2>Strawberry:</h2> Evaluation of performance of strawberry selections in the Pacific Northwest. Chad Finn, Ted Mackey,  USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR,  Bernadine Strik, Pat Jones, Oregon State University,  Patrick  Moore, Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Washington State University, Michael Dossett, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, BC; Courtney Weber, Cornell University, NY. Survey of production and marketing needs of Pacific Northwest strawberry growers. Zongyu Li, R. Karina Gallardo, Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Lisa Wasko DeVetter, Vicki McCracken, and C Yue. Day-neutral advanced selection trials for Washington. Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt and Pat Moore. Evaluation of tissue culture, tissue culture-runners, and runner-produced plug plants of day-neutral strawberries (Washington). W. Hoashi-Erhardt, P. Moore. North Carolina strawberry breeding program. Gina Fernandez, Rocco Schiavone and Guillermo Chacon-Jimenez, Frank Louws, Bode Olukulu and Massimo Iorizzo <h2>Other small fruit crops:</h2> <h2>Kiwiberry selection and breeding program. Finn, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR.</h2> <h2>Kiwiberry evaluation program. Luby, University of Minnesota.</h2> Juneberry evaluation program. Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University. Chokecherry resistance to X-disease. Dai, North Dakota State University. <h2>Objective 2 - Develop practices for small fruit production tailored for climatic and market needs of growers.</h2> <h2>Blackberry and Raspberry:</h2> Using the relationship between fertilization practices, soil and plant nutrient status, and yield in caneberry grower fields to inform research and extension programs. Jones, P.A., A.J. Davis, and B.C. Strik, Oregon State University. Raspberry pathology: developing a decision support system (DDS) for mitigation of botrytis fruit Rot. Rishi Burlakoti, Agassiz Research and Development Centre (ARDC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC). Monitoring of arthropod pests in raspberry germplasm. Dr. Paul Abram, Agassiz Research and Development Centre (ARDC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC). Improving establishment of raspberry with non-traditional crop inputs: Eric Gerbrandt, Plant Scientist, Sky Blue Horticulture Ltd. Management of soil-borne pests and diseases in raspberry: Eric Gerbrandt, Plant Scientist, Sky Blue Horticulture Ltd. Evaluate ways to get more fruit from primocane blackberry cultivars. Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University, ND. Evaluate organic production methods for raspberry and blackberry cultivars. Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University, ND. Polyethylene and biodegradable plastic mulches for improved establishment of raspberry planted as tissue culture transplants. Huan Zhang, Lisa Wasko DeVetter, Carol Miles, and Chris Benedict, Washington State University, Inga Zasada, USDA-ARS, Shursh Ghimire, University of Connecticut. Impacts of mycorrhizal fungal colonization on raspberry plant growth. Rebecca Bunn, Erika Whitney, Western Washington University, Qianwen Lu, and Lisa Wasko DeVetter, Washington State University. Innovative air-propelled abrasive grit application to manage weeds in raspberry. Emily Hoover, Steve Poppe, Frank Forcella, University of Minnesota. Improving sustainable management practices for spotted wing drosophila, an emerging pest of raspberries in Minnesota, using physical exclusion. Mary Rogers, Bill Hutchison, Claire Hodge, Eric Burkness. University of Minnesota. Overwintering, migration and development of cost-effective practical management strategies for the invasive spotted wing Drosophila in MN. Mary Rogers, Bill Hutchison, Anh Tran, Matthew Gullickson, Eric Burkness, Gigi DiGiacomo. University of Minnesota. Identify viruses associated with raspberry leaf curl disease. Karen Keller, Amanda Lake, Cesar Zamora, Michelle Soule, Melinda Guzman, Patrick Di Bello and Bob Martin. USDA-ARS, Horticultural Crops Unit, Corvallis, OR. Rubus virus survey. Karen Keller, Amanda Lake, Cesar Zamora, Michelle Soule, Melinda Guzman, Patrick Di Bello and Bob Martin. USDA-ARS, Horticultural Crops Unit, Corvallis, OR; and I.E. Tzanetakis at the University of Arkansas. Managing vigor of blackberry with prohexadione calcium: Effects on vegetative and reproductive development Tom Kon, Gina Fernandez, Penny Perkins-Veazie, and Karen Blaedow, North Carolina State University. Seasonal variation in blackberry nutrient concentration of primocane and floricane leaves in Prime-Ark 45 and Traveler in double cropped and single cropped systems. Gina Fernandez, Rocco Schiavone, Tom Kon Penny Perkins-Veazie and Karen Blaedow. North Carolina State University. <h2>Blueberry & Huckleberry:</h2> Development of alternate fertilization programs to mitigate nutrient problems found in long-term organic blueberry production systems. B.C. Strik, A.J. Davis, D.R. Bryla. Oregon State University and USDA-ARS. Machine harvesting and low-input pruning options in ‘Mini Blues’ for specialized processed markets. B.C. Strik, A.J. Davis, P. Jones. Oregon State University and USDA-ARS. Pruning and training options for improving production efficiency in ‘Legacy’ blueberry. B.C. Strik, A.J. Davis, P. Jones. Oregon State University and USDA-ARS. Harvesting fresh quality blueberries with a modified over the row harvester. Wei Q. Yang, Oregon State Univ, Fumiomi Takeda, USDA-ARS, and Lisa DeVetter, Washington State Univ. Blueberry pathology: Developing a decision support system for botrytis fruit rot, screening for bacterial blight, and chacterizing Phytophthora root rot in blueberry. Rishi Burlakoti, Agassiz Research and Development Centre (ARDC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC). Monitoring of arthropod pests in blueberry germplasm. Paul Abram, Agassiz Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Improving establishment of blueberry with non-traditional crop inputs. Eric Gerbrandt, Plant Scientist, Sky Blue Horticulture Ltd. Mitigating cultivar-specific physiological challenges in new blueberry cultivars: Eric Gerbrandt, Plant Scientist, Sky Blue Horticulture Ltd. Assessing Harvest and Postharvest Fruit Quality in Blueberry: Simone Castellarin and Dr. Anubhav Pratap Singh, University of British Columbia. Evaluation of spray-induced gene silencing of blueberry scorch and shock viruses as a method to reduce virus number and symptoms of infected blueberry plants. Jim Mattsson, Simon Fraser University. Enhancing blueberry pollination through an improved understanding of pollen biology and implementation of in-field practices in the Pacific Northwest. Weixin Gan and Lisa Wasko DeVetter, Washington State University, Andony Melathopoulos, Oregon State University Improving machine harvest efficiency and fruit quality for fresh market blueberry. Lisa Wasko DeVetter, Yixin Cai, Sindhuja Sankaran, Washington State Unviersity, Wei Yang, Oregon State University, Fumiomi Takeda, USDA-ARS, Scott Korthuis, Brian Foote, and Kathryn Van Weerdhuizen, Oxbo. Optimizing nutrient management for organically grown blueberries in eastern Washington. Amit Bhasin, Lisa Wasko DeVetter, Nate Stacey, Joan Davenport, and Gwen Hoheisel, WSU. Determining blueberry cold hardiness in Washington. Gwen Hoheisel, Lisa Wasko DeVetter, Lav Khot, Washington State University, and David Michael Gibeaut, Oregon State University. Valuing nitrogen release from high organic matter soils. Gabe LaHue, Cheyenne Sloan, Deirdre Griffin LaHue, Lisa Wasko DeVetter, and Chris Benedict. Improving sustainable management practices for spotted wing drosophila, an emerging pest of blueberries in Minnesota, using physical exclusion. Mary Rogers, Bill Hutchison, Claire Hodge, Eric Burkness. University of Minnesota. Blueberry shock virus detection. Karen Keller, Amanda Lake, Cesar Zamora, Michelle Soule, Melinda Guzman, Patrick Di Bello and Bob Martin, USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Unit, Corvallis, OR and I.E. Tzanetakis at the University of Arkansas. <h2>Elderberry</h2> Selection and propagation of wild elderberry. Black et al., Utah State University. <h2>Grapes:</h2> Statewide Crop Load Project:  Defining Yield Management Practices for Quality Pinot noir in Oregon. Patricia A. Skinkis*, James Osborne* and Elizabeth Tomasino*, , Katherine McLaughlin, Oregon State University (OSU), R. Paul Schreiner*, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR, Amelia Doyle, OSU. *member of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU. Improving cool climate vineyard yield potential through pruning and nitrogen fertilization practices. Patricia A. Skinkis,* Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, Miranda Ulmer, Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, and R. Paul Schreiner*, USDA-ARS Horticulture Crops Research Lab, Corvallis, OR, all of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU. *member of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU Understanding symptomology and physiological effects of Red Blotch Disease in vineyards in Oregon’s Willamette Valley. Patricia A. Skinkis*, Justin Litwin, OSU, Bob Martin*, USDA-ARS Horticulture Crops Research Lab. *member of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU Exploring vineyard management practices to mitigate effects of Red Blotch Disease in Oregon’s Willamette Valley. Patricia A. Skinkis*, Justin Litwin, Oregon State University, Bob Martin*, USDA-ARS Horticulture Crops Research Lab, James Osborne* , and Alexander Levin*, Oregon State University *member of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU. Developing a Spray-Induced Gene Silencing (SIGS) method for the control of Grape Powdery Mildew (Erysiphe necator). Laurent G. Deluc*, Oregon State University, Satyanarayana Gouthu, Oregon State University, Walter F Mahaffee*, USDA-ARS Corvallis, OR. * member of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU. Examining the effects of four trellis systems for ‘Marquette’ and ‘Petite Pearl’ grapes. Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University, ND. Effect of viticultural practices (fruit zone leaf removal, shoot thinning, crop positioning, and crop load management) on fruit yield, quality, and vine cold hardiness of ‘Frontenac’, ‘Marquette’, and ‘Prairie Star’. Examining the effects of four trellis systems for ‘Marquette’ and ‘Petite Pearl’ grapes, Hatterman-Valenti et al., North Dakota State University, ND  Distribution and identification of grape viruses in North Carolina. M. Hoffmann, C. Almeyda, W. Talton, E. Volk, North Carolina State University. Effect of mechanical fruit-zone leaf removal on grape quality and disease incidence in Chardonnay and Merlot. C. Hickey, University of Georgia,  M. Hoffmann, E. Volk, K. Bleadow, North Carolina State University. Optimization of fertilizer use and tissue sampling methods in Muscadines. M. Hoffmann, T. Rana, North Carolina State University. Development of an automated hydroponic rhizotron for young grapes. M. Hoffmann, B. Jackson, T. Rana, North Carolina State University. <h2>Ribes - none</h2> <h2>Strawberry:</h2> Evaluation of low tunnels for season extension of fresh-market, day-neutral strawberries in Oregon’s Willamette Valley. Javier Fernandez-Salvador, Erica Chernoh, and Avery Pheil, Oregon State University. Strawberry transplant production for early and late production in Oregon: effects of container size on cost, ease of planting and plant development. Javier Fernandez-Salvador, Erica Chernoh, Steve Tao, and Tessa Barker, Oregon State University. Substrate strawberry production systems for fresh market in greenhouse elevated benches. Javier Fernandez-Salvador, Avery Pheil Oregon State University. Current state of the strawberry industry in Oregon and grower needs assessment survey. Javier Fernandez-Salvador, Erica Chernoh, and Avery Pheil, Oregon State University. The relationship between fertilization practices, soil and plant nutrient status and yield in strawberry cultivars. Javier Fernandez-Salvador, Avery Pheil, Erica Chernoh. Oregon State University. Management of soil-borne pests and diseases in strawberry: Eric Gerbrandt, Plant Scientist, Sky Blue Horticulture Ltd. A new approach to living mulches in day-neutral strawberry production systems. Steve Poppe, Emily Tepe, Emily Hoover, Andrew Petra, University of Minnesota. Steam and Allyl-isothiocyanate (AITC) as pre-plant soil disinfestation method. M. Hoffmann, K. Jennings, E. Volk, North Carolina State University. Polysulfate as pre-plant fertilizer. M. Hoffmann, A. Lay, North Carolina State University. Investigation of different N - sources on strawberry daughter plant production. M. Hoffmann, X. Shi, North Carolina State University. Investigation of different harvest Intervals on daughter plant production of ‘Albion’.  M. Hoffmann, X. Shi, North Carolina State University. Use of Protein Hydrolysate to increase root growth in strawberry plug plants. M. Hoffmann, X. Shi, North Carolina State University. <h2>Other small fruit crops:</h2> Chokecherry propagation and selection. Black et al., Utah State University. Dwarf serviceberry selection and propagation. Black et al., Utah State University <h2>General:</h2> Investigating the feasibility of berry production in Central Oregon under protected and unprotected culture. C. Sullivan and B. Strik, Oregon State University. Implementing Integrated Pest Management Practices on Small-Scale Farms: Marjolaine Dessureault, Research Coordinator, ES Cropconsult Ltd., B.C. Evaluating pest attractant techniques to enhance thrips management in southwestern BC: Dru Yates, ES Cropconsult Ltd., B.C. Ecological Pest management for Spotted Wing Drosophila: Dr. Juli Carrillo, University of British Columbia. Evaluating mass trapping as a tool for non-chemical spotted wing drosophila management: Allyson Kang, IPM Consultant, ES Cropconsult Ltd., B.C. Non-Chemical Vole Control in Berry Fields: Sofi Hindmarch, Project Coordinator, Fraser Valley Conservancy, B.C. Virus detection in berry crops using High Throughput Sequencing. Karen Keller, Amanda Lake, Cesar Zamora, Michelle Soule, Melinda Guzman, Patrick Di Bello and Bob Martin. USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Unit, Corvallios, OR and I.E. Tzanetakis at the University of Arkansas. National Clean Plant Program in Oregon. Karen Keller, Amanda Lake, Cesar Zamora, Michelle Soule, Melinda Guzman, Patrick Di Bello and Bob Martin. USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Unit, Corvallios, OR and I.E. Tzanetakis at the University of Arkansas. <h2>Objective 3 - Explore the association between fruit constituents and human health</h2> <h2>Blackberry and Raspberry:</h2> Metabolic enhancement of both fruit quality and longevity during post-harvest stages for blackberry. Shetty and Hatterman-Valenti, North Dakota State University. <h2>Blueberry & Huckleberry:</h2> Estimating soluble sugar, anthocyanin, and soluble solids content in blueberry using near infrared spectrometry. Penny Perkins-Veazie, Massimo Iorizzo, Jessica Spencer, Bill Cline, Hamid Ashrafi, Terry Bland, Benny Bloodworth and Jim Ballington, North Carolina State University. <h2>Elderberry: none</h2> <h2>Grapes: </h2> Evaluating anthocyanin diglucosides in muscadine grapes. Penny Perkins-Veazie, Terry Bland, Bill Cline, Jim Ballington, Benny Bloodworth, North Carolina State University. Metabolic enhancement of both fruit quality and longevity during post-harvest stages for grapes. Shetty and Hatterman-Valenti, North Dakota State University. <h2>Ribes: none</h2> <h2>Strawberry: none</h2> <h2>Other small fruit crops:</h2> Analysis of oxalic acids in kiwiberry. Luby and Wannemuehler, University of Minnesota. <h2>General:</h2> Pocket meters for fruit quality evaluation: are they accurate and worth the cost? Penelope Perkins-Veazie, North Carolina State University.

Publications

Peer-reviewed: Adhikari, T.B., Chacon, J.G., Fernandez, G.E. and Louws, F.J., 2019. First Report of Anthracnose Causing Both Crown and Fruit Rot of Strawberry by Colletotrichum siamense in North Carolina. Plant Disease, pp.PDIS-02. Anderson, H., Rogers, M. A., & Hoover, E. E. Low Tunnel Covering and Microclimate, Fruit Yield, and Quality in an Organic Strawberry Production System. HortTechnology. Barbey, C., Lee, S., Verma, S., Bird, K.A., Yocca, A.E., Edger, P.P., Knapp, S.J., Whitaker, V.M. and Folta, K.M., 2019. Disease Resistance Genetics and Genomics in Octoploid Strawberry. bioRxiv, p.646000. Cavendar, G. M. Liu, J. Fernandez-Salvador, D. Hobbs, B. Strik, B. Frei, and Y. Zhao. 2019. Effect of different commercial fertilizers, harvest date, and storage time on two organically grown blackberry cultivars: Physicochemical properties, antioxidant properties, and sugar profiles. J. Food Quality https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1390358. Colle, M., C.P. Leisner, C.M. Wai, S. Ou, K.A. Bird, J. Wang, J.H. Wisecaver, A.E. Yocca, E.I. Alger, H. Tang, Z. Xiong, P. Callow, G. Ben-Zvi, A. Brodt, K. Baruch, T. Swale, L. Shiue, G. Song, K.L. Childs, A. Schilmiller, N. Vorsa, C.R. Buell, R. VanBuren, N. Jiang, and P.P. Edger. 2019. Haplotype-phased genome and evolution of phytonutrient pathways of tetraploid blueberry. GigaScience 8(3), giz012. Costello, R., D. Sullivan, D. Bryla, B. Strik, and J. Owen. 2019. Compost feedstock and compost acidification impact growth and mineral nutrition in northern highbush blueberry. HortScience 54:1067-1076. DeVetter, L.W., W.Q. Yang, F. Takeda, S. Korthuis, and C. Li. 2019. Modified over-the-row machine harvesters to improve northern highbush blueberry fresh fruit quality. Agriculture doi:10.3390/agriculture9010013. DiGiacomo, G., Hadrich, J., Hutchison, W.D., Peterson, H., and Rogers, M. 2019. Economic impact of spotted-wing drosophila-related yield loss on MN raspberry farms: 2017 survey results and estimates. Journal of Integrated Pest Management. Edger, P.P., R. VanBuren, M. Colle, T.J. Poorten, C.M. Wai, C.E. Niederhuth, E.I. Alger, S. Ou, C.B. Acharya, J. Wang, P. Callow, M.R. McKain, J. Shi, C. Collier, Z. Xiong, J.P. Mower, J.P. Slovin, T. Hytonen, N. Jiang, K.L. Childs, and S.J. Knapp. 2018. Single-molecule sequencing and optical mapping yields an improved genome of woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) with chromosome-scale contiguity. GigaScience 7(2), gix124. Edger, P.P., T.J. Poorten, R. VanBuren, M.A. Hardigan, M. Colle, M.R. McKain, R.D. Smith, S.J. Teresi, A.D.L. Nelson, C.M. Wai, E.I. Alger, K.A. Bird, A.E. Yocca, N. Pumplin, S. Ou, G. Ben-Zvi, A. Brodt, K. Baruch, T. Swale, L. Shiue, C.B. Acharya, G.S. Cole, J.P. Mower, K.L. Childs, N. Jiang, E. Lyons, M. Freeling, J.R. Puzey, and S.J. Knapp. 2019. Origin and evolution of the octoploid strawberry genome. Nature Genetics 51(3), 541. Finn, C.E., Strik, B., Mackey, T., Jones, P., Bassil, N., and Martin, R.R. 2018. ‘Echo’ ornamental reflowering blueberry.  HortScience 54:368-370. Finn, C.E., Strik, B., Yorgey, B.M., Peterson, M.E., Jones, P.A., Lee, J., Bassil, N. and Martin, R.R. 2018. ‘Hall’s Beauty’ Thornless trailing blackberry. HortScience 54:371-376. Gerbrandt EM, Mouritzen C, Sweeney M (2019).  Foliar calcium corrects a deficiency causing green fruit drop in ‘Draper’ highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.).  Agriculture, 9 (3): 63. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9030063. Goldberger, J.R., L.W. DeVetter, and K.E. Dentzman. 2019. Polyethylene and biodegradable plastic mulches for strawberry production in the United States: Experiences and opinions of growers in three regions. HortTechnology. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH04393-19. Gullickson, M. G., Rogers, M. A., Burkness, E. C., & Hutchison, W. D. 2019. Efficacy of organic and conventional insecticides for Drosophila suzukii when combined with erythritol, a non-nutritive feeding stimulant. Crop Protection, 125, 104878. Hanson, E., B. Crain and D. Brown-Rytlewski. 2018. Primocane fruiting raspberry cultivar evaluation in high tunnels. J. Amer. Pomological Soc. 72:122-127. Hanson, E., Crain, B. and Hanson, K., 2019. Response of Potted Red Raspberry Cultivars to Double-cropping under High Tunnels. HortScience, 54(11), pp.1972-1975. Hanson, E., B. Crain and J. Moses. 2019. Cropping on primocanes and floricanes increases yields of organic raspberries in high tunnels. HortScience 54:459-462. DOI 10.21273/HORTSCI13632-18. Hickey, C., Hoffmann, M., Bleadow, K. and Brannen, P. 2019. Hand and mechanical fruit zone leaf removal reduces the severity of Botrytis bunch rot in Chardonnay grown in a high-elevation vineyard in western North Carolina, 2018. Plant Disease Management Reports 13:PF032. Hinrichsen, J. and H. Hatterman-Valenti. 2018. Serviceberry biotypes in North Dakota: new woody edible ornamental trials. Acta Horticulturae. 1191:53-58. Hoffman, M., Talton, W., Nita, M., Jones, T.J., Al Rwahnih, M., Sudarshana, M.R. and Almeyda, C.V., 2019. First Report of Grapevine red blotch virus, the causal agent of Grapevine Red Blotch Disease in Vitis vinifera in North Carolina. Plant Disease, (ja). Jacobs, R., T. Adhikari, J. Pattison, G. C. Yencho, G. Fernandez, and F. Louws. 2019. Inheritance of Resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. acutatum in Strawberry. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-18-0283-R. Phytopathology. 109: 428-435. Jibran R,, J. Spencer, G. Fernandez, A. Monfort, M. Mnejja, H. Dzierzon, J. Tahir, K. Davies, D. Chagné D and T. Foster.  2019. Two Loci, RiAF3 and RiAF4, Contribute to the  Annual-Fruiting Trait in Rubus.  Front. Plant Sci. 10:1341. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01341. Li, Z., Gallardo, R.K., Hoashi-Erhardt, W., McCracken, V.A., Yue, C., and DeVetter, L.W. 2019. Supporting Successful Transition to the Fresh Market: Research and Extension Needs of Pacific Northwest Strawberry Growers. HortTechnology 29, 649–658. Li, Z., R.K. Gallardo, W. Hoashi-Erhardt, V.A. McCracken, and L.W. DeVetter. 2019. Maher, M.F., Nasti, R.A., Vollbrecht, M., Starker, C.G., Clark, M.D. and Voytas, D.F., 2019. Plant gene editing through de novo induction of meristems. Nature Biotechnology, pp.1-6. Moore, P.P., Hoashi-Erhardt, W., Finn, C.E., Martin, R.R. and Dossett, M.  2019.‘WSU 2166’ Red raspberry.  HortScience 54:564-567. https://doi.org/10.21723/HORTSCI13652-18.  Pincot, D.D.A., T.J. Poorten, M.A. Hardigan, J.M. Harshman, C.B. Acharya, G.S. Cole, T.R. Gordon, M. Stueven, P.P. Edger, and S.J. Knapp. 2018. Genome-Wide Association Mapping Uncovers Fw1, a Dominant Gene Conferring Resistance to Fusarium Wilt in Strawberry. G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics. 8(10), 1817. Pinon, A.F. and Martin, R.R. 2018. Frist report of strawberry necrotic shock virus in strawberry in Benquet, Philippines. Plant Disease 102:2385. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-18-0491-PDN. Rendon, D., Hamby, K., Arsenault-Benoit, A., Taylor, C., Evans, R., Sial, A., . . .Rogers, M, Walton, V. Mulching as a cultural control strategy for Drosophila suzukii in blueberry. Pest Management Science.  Rice, S. Tursumbayeva, M., Clark, M., Greenlee, D., Dharmadhikari, M., Fennell, A., and J.A. Koziel. 2019. Effects of harvest time on aroma of white wines made from cold-hardy Brianna and Frontenac gris grapes using headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry. Foods. 8(1): 29. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8010029">https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8010029</a> Rudolph, R.E., I.A. Zasada, C. Hesse, and L.W. DeVetter. 2019. Brassicaceous seed meal, root removal, and chemical fumigation vary in their effects on soil quality parameters and Pratylenchus penetrans in a replanted floricane raspberry production system. Applied Soil Ecology doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.08.024. Rudolph, R., L.W. DeVetter, C. Benedict, and I.A. Zasada. 2019. Raspberry growers' perceptions and practices regarding soil quality, cover crops, and fumigation. HortTechnology 29:482-489. Samtani, J.B., C.R. Rom, H. Friedrich, S.A. Fennimore, C.E. Finn, A. Petran, R. W. Wallace, M. P. Pritts, G. Fernandez, C.A. Chase, C. Kubota, B. Berefurd. 2019. The status and future of the strawberry industry in the United States. HortTechnology. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH04135-18 . Sial, A. A., Roubos, C. R., Gautam, B. K., Fanning, P. D., Van Timmeren, S., Spies, J., Rogers, M, . . . Isaacs, R. 2019. Evaluation of organic insecticides for management of spotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) in berry crops. Journal of Applied Entomology. Skinkis, P.A. 2019. Participatory research engages industry and leads to adoption of methods that challenge long-held production standards. Journal of Extension. 57:4. https://www.joe.org/joe/2019august/iw1.php. Stenger, J. and H. Hatterman-Valenti.  2018. ‘NDMutant1’: A novel determinate interspecific grapevine for genetic and physiological study and breeding applications. HortScience 53(2):261-263. Strik, B.C. 2019. Frequency of harvest affects berry weight, firmness, titratable acidity, and percent soluble solids of highbush blueberry cultivars in Oregon. J. Amer. Pom. Soc. 73:254-268. Strik, B.C., and A.J. Vance. 2019. Highbush cultivars differ in the relationship between seed number and berry weight during the harvest season. HortScience 54:1728-1736. Strik, B.C., A.J. Vance, D.R. Bryla, and D.M. Sullivan. 2019. Organic production systems in northern highbush blueberry: II. Impact of planting method, cultivar, fertilizer, and mulch on leaf and soil nutrient concentrations and relationships with yield from planting through maturity. HortScience 54:1777-1794. Thompson, B.D., Dahan, J., Lee, J., Martin, R.R. and Karasev, A.V. 2019. A novel genetic variant of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-3 (GLRaV-3) from Idaho grapevines. Plant Disease 103:509-518.  doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-18-1303-RE. Vance, A.J. and B.C. Strik. 2018. New foliar-applied biofilm had no impact on splitting or fruit quality in ‘Elliott’ and ‘Legacy’ blueberry in Oregon. HortTechnology 28:836-842. Vance, A.J., P.A. Jones, C.E. Finn, and B.C. Strik. 2019. Fruit development in blackberry types and cultivars – impact of days and temperature from bloom to stages of ripening. J. Amer. Pom. Soc. 73:227-239. Villamor, D.E.V., Ho, T., al Rwahnih, M., Martin, R.R. and Tzanetakis, I.E. 2019. High throughput sequencing for plant virus detection and discovery. Phytopathology 109:716-725. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-18-0257-RVW. Yang, F.H., DeVetter, L.W., Strik, B.C. and Bryla, D.R., 2019. Stomatal Functioning and Its Influence on Fruit Calcium Accumulation in Northern Highbush Blueberry. HortScience, 1(aop), pp.1-7. Yin, L., Clark, M.D., Burkness, E.C., & Hutchison, W.D. (2019) Grape phylloxera (Hemiptera: Phylloxeridae), on cold-hardy hybrid wine grapes (Vitis spp.): A review of pest biology, damage, and management practices. Journal of Integrated Pest Management 10(1):16 Zhang, H., C. Miles, S. Ghimire, C. Benedict, I. Zasada, and L.W. DeVetter. 2019. Polyethylene and biodegradable plastic mulches improve growth, yield, and weed management in floricane red raspberry. Scientia Horticulturae 250:371-379. Zurn, J.D., Ho, T., Li, R., Bassil, N.V., Tzanetakis, I.E., Martin, R.R. and Postman, J.D. 2019.  First report of blackcurrant reversion virus in Ribes nigrum germplasm in the United States. Plant Disease 103:1051. Presentations and Proceedings Diering, A., Tork, D.G., Underhill, A., Freund, D.M., Clark, M.D., and A. Hegeman. HPLC-MS as a detection method for pigments, phenolocis, and co regulation in a hybrid wine grape family & Using PCA for QTL mapping to optimize plant breeding. American Society for Mass Spectrometry, Atlanta, GA. Gullickson, M.*, Hutchison, W. D., Rogers, M. A., & Burkness, E. Lethal and sublethal effects of novel insecticides on the invasive spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii). Accepted.  Entomological Society of America, November 11-15, 2018, Vancouver, B.C. Hatterman-Valenti, H.M. (Feb., 2018) NDSU Grape Research – Germplasm Update. The annual meeting of the North Dakota Grape and Wine Association. Minot, ND. Rogers, M. A., Burkness, E., Hodge, E. F., Petran, A., & Hutchison, W. D. Protected high tunnel systems for spotted-wing drosophila: IPM advantages of poly and exclusion netting. Accepted. Entomological Society of America, November 11-15, 2018, Vancouver, B.C. Stenger, J. and H. Hatterman-Valenti. (Feb., 2018) Converting Trellis Styles. The annual meeting of the North Dakota Grape and Wine Association. Minot, ND. Strik, B. 2019. Blueberry yield and quality – the impact of weather from January through December. Proc. Lower Mainland Hort. Improvement Assoc., Jan. 24, 2019, Abbotsford, B.C. Canada. Svyantek, A. and H. Hatterman-Valenti. (Feb., 2018) Crop Load and Canopy Management. The annual meeting of the North Dakota Grape and Wine Association. Minot, ND. Svyantek, A. W., J. Stenger, C. Auwarter, N. Theisen, R. Ibriham, and H.Hatterman-Valenti. (July, 2018) Early season leaf removal reduces cluster compactness and yield in North Dakota ‘Marquette’. American Society for Enology and Viticulture – Eastern Section 43rd Annual Conference. King of Prussia, PA. Svyantek, A. W., J. Stenger, C. Auwarter, N. Theisen, R. Ibriham, and H.Hatterman-Valenti. (July, 2018) Crop ‘til You Drop? Acidity not Linearly Correlated with Yield for ‘Frontenac’ Grapevines.  American Society for Enology and Viticulture – Eastern Section 43rd Annual Conference. King of Prussia, PA. Svyantek, A. W., J. Stenger, C. Auwarter, N. Theisen, R. Ibriham, and H.Hatterman-Valenti. (January, 2018) Acidity Parameters and Cold-Hardiness are not Linearly Correlated with Yield for nonirrigated ‘Frontenac’ Grapevines in North Dakota. Tri-University Graduate Student Competition. Winnipeg, MN. Lachowitzer, J. and H. Hatterman-Valenti. (July/Aug., 2018) Yeast Influence on Sensory Attributes in ‘Petite Pear’ and ‘Crimson Pearl’ Wines. VitiNord 2018. Malmo, SE/Copenhagen, DK. Stenger, J., I. Tartar, A. Svyantek, N. Theisen, C. Auwarter, and H. Hatterman-Valenti. (July/Aug., 2018) Shorter training systems produce yield earlier with no effect on quality in young ‘Marquette’ and ‘Petite Pearl’ grapevines. VitiNord 2018. Malmo, SE/Copenhagen, DK. Iyer, S., J. Walker-Swaney, A. Christopher, A. Espe, D. Sarkar, H. Hatterman-Valenti, and K. Shetty. (July/Aug., 2018) Non-alcoholic probiotic beverages from cold-hardy grapes of the northern Plains: targeting for human health benefits. VitiNord 2018. Malmo, SE/Copenhagen, DK. Mettler, D.C. and H.M. Hatterman-Valenti (Feb., 2018) Rotating cross-arm and winter row covers for floricane blackberry production in North Dakota. The North American Raspberry and Blackberry Conference, Ventura, CA. Moreira, L.S. Hegeman, A.D., Brockman, S.A., Suresh, J., and M.D. Clark. Non-destructive field sampling of volatile organic compounds for metabolomics analysis of grape cluster development. ASEV-ES, Geneva, NY. Moreira, L.S., Underhill, A., and M. Clark. Postharvest evaluation of cold-hardy table grape breedling lines. XII International Conference on Grapevine Breeding and Genetics. .doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1248.15. Espe, A. D. Sarkar, H. Hatterman-Valenti, and K. Shetty (Feb., 2018) Phenolic Bioactives in unripe and ripe blackberry fruits targeted for type 2 diabetes using in vitro assay models. The North American Raspberry and Blackberry Conference, Ventura, CA. Debner, A.R. and H.M. Hatterman-Valenti (Feb., 2018) Tipping primocane-fruiting blackberry in North Dakota. The North American Raspberry and Blackberry Conference, Ventura, CA. Stenger, J., H. Hatterman-Valenti, and C. Auwarter. (Feb., 2018) Comparison of alternative weed management strategies with four interspecific grape cultivars. Weed Science Society of America Annual Meeting. Arlington, VA. Espe, A., D. Sarkar, H. Hatterman-Valenti, and K. Shetty. (July, 2018) Screening of serviceberry cultivars for phenolic antioxidant-linked anti-diabetic properties using rapid In vitro assay models. The American Society for Horticulture Science Annual Meeting. Washington, DC. Yin, L. Cadle-Davidson, L., Sun, Q., Londo, J., Karn, A., Zou, C., Gouker, F., Fresnedo, J., and M. Clark. Recombinant identification using rhAmpseq in a hybrid cold-hardy grape population for fine mapping a major resistance QTL to foliar phylloxera. PAG, San Diego, CA. Books (including chapters) Clark, M.D. 2019. Development of Cold Climate Grapes in the Upper Midwestern U.S.: The Pioneering Work of Elmer Swenson. In Plant Breeding Reviews Vol 43. Ed. I. Goldman. p. 31-59. Tzanetakis, I.E. and Martin, R.R. 2019. Improving plant propagation method for fruit disease control.  Chapter 11 in: Integrated management of diseases and insect pests of tree fruit. (eds. Xu, X. and Fountain, M.), Burleigh Dodds Scientific Publishing Limited, Cambridge, U.K. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/AS.2019.0046.13.   Extension Publications Black, B. and T. Maughan. 2019. High tunnels for earlier production of fall (primocane) raspberries. USU Extension, Horticulture/HighTunnel/2019-02pr Both, A.J, K. Demchak, E. Hanson, C. Heidenreich, G. Loeb, L. McDermott, M. Pritts, and C. Weber. 2019. High Tunnel Raspberry and Blackberry Production. <a href="http://www.hort.cornell.edu/fruit/pdfs/high-tunnel-brambles.pdf">http://www.hort.cornell.edu/fruit/pdfs/high-tunnel-brambles.pdf</a>  Caron, M., S. Hansen, T. Beddes, R. Davis, A. Mull, D. Alston and C. Nischwitz. 2018 Redberry mite on Blackberry. USU Extension, publication number ENT-206-18.  DeVetter, L., Strik, B., et al. 2019. Commercial Raspberry Production in the Pacific Northwest. PNW 598 (in press) Dixon, E., B. Strik, J. Fernandez-Salvador, and LW. DeVetter. 2019. Strawberry Nutrient Management Guide for Oregon and Washington. EM 9234, May 2019  Maughan, T., B. Black, S. Yao and R. Flynn. 2019. Strawberry cultivars for the Intermountain West – research report. USU Extension, Horticulture/Fruit/2019-01 Maughan, T., B. Black and D. Rowley. 2019. High tunnel strawberry production for early spring harvest. USU Extension, Horticulture/HighTunnel/2019-01pr Maughan, T., B. Black and D. Rowley. 2019. High tunnel strawberry production for late fall harvest. USU Extension, Horticulture/HighTunnel/2019-03  McGinnis, E., J.J. Knodel, P.B. Beauzay, K. Wiederholt, H. Hatterman-Valenti and C. Krueger. 2018. Integrated Pest Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila in North Dakota E1715 (revised). NDSU Extension, Fargo, ND.  Schumm, Z.R., M. C. Holthouse, D. Alston and L. Spears. 2019. Common Stink Bugs of Utah, USU Extension, pub. ENT-209-19. Schumm, Z.R., M. C. Holthouse, Y. Mizuno, D. Alston and L. Spears. 2019. Parasitoid Wasps of the Invasive Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in Utah USU Extension, pub. ENT-198-19.  Skinkis, P., J. Pscheidt, A KC, M. Moretti, V. Walton, and C. Kaiser. 2019. Pest management guide for wine grapes in Oregon. Oregon State University Extension Publishing. EM 8413. Skinkis, P., V. Walton, J. DeFrancesco, B. Edmunds and N. Bell. 2019. “Grape Pests” In Pacific Northwest Insect Pest Management Handbook. Pacific Northwest Extension Publishing. Sullivan, D. M., Andrews, N., Sullivan, C., Brewer, L. J. (2019). OSU Organic Fertilizer & Cover Crop Calculator: Predicting Plant-available Nitrogen. EM 9325. OSU Extension. <a href="https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/em9235">https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/em9235</a> Sullivan, D. M., Moore, A. D., Brewer, L. J. (2019). Soil Organic Matter as a Soil Health Indicator: Sampling, Testing and Interpretation. EM 9215. OSU Extension.  <a href="https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/em9251">https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/em9251</a> Sullivan, D. M., Bary, A. I., Miller, R. O., Brewer, L. J. (2018). Interpreting Compost Analyses.  EM 9217. OSU Extension. https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/em9217

Impact Statements

Objective 3 - Explore the association between fruit constituents and human health impacts. (North Carolina) The NIR system provides a way to rapidly analyze blueberries for specific sugars while minimizing the number of samples that need to be run by high performance liquid chromatography. This experiment leverage preliminary data and method for the VacciniumCAP proposal. (North Carolina) Strawberries are a robust source of vitamin C, even after storage. (Minnesota) Chemical analysis on grapes can help optimize compounds known to have human health benefit (Minnesota) Chemical screening for kiwiberry can help reduce oral irritants and improve consumer acceptability

Date of Annual Report: 01/03/2021

Report Information

Annual Meeting Dates: 10/27/2020 - 10/28/2020
Period the Report Covers: 10/01/2019 - 09/30/2020

Participants

# Last Name First Name Organization Email
1 Almeyda Christie NC State University cvalmeyd@ncsu.edu
2 Amyotte Beatrice AAF Canada beatrice.amyotte@canada.ca
3 Ashrafi Hamid NC State University hashraf2@ncsu.edu
4 Baird Vance MSU bairdw@anr.msu.edu
5 Bassil Nahla USDA nahla.bassil@usda.gov
6 Bewick Tom USDA tbewick@usda.gov
7 Black Brent Utah State University brent.black@usu.edu
8 Bushakra Jill USDA jill.bushakra@usda.gov
9 Cato Aaron University of Arkansas acato@uaex.edu
10 Clark John University of Arkansas jrclark@uark.edu
11 Coneva Elina Auburn University edc0001@auburn.edu
12 Demchack Kathy Penn State University efz@psu.edu
13 DeVetter Lisa Washington State University lisa.devetter@wsu.edu
14 Durner Edward Rutgers University durner@sebs.rutgers.edu
15 Edger Patrick MSU edgerpat@msu.edu
16 Fernandez Gina NC State University gefernan@ncsu.edu
17 Fisher Pam Fisher Berry Crop Consulting pam.fisher@bell.net
18 Freedman Kyle UC Davis kafreedman@ucdavis.edu
19 Gerbrandt Eric BC Blueberry Council ericgerbrandt@hotmail.com
20 Gunter Chris NC State University cgunter@ncsu.edu
21 Handley David University of Maine david.handley@maine.edu
22 Hardigan Micheal USDA michael.hardigan@usda.gov
23 Hassan Rania NC State University rhhassan@ncsu.edu
24 Hatterman-Valenti Harlene North Dakota State University h.hatterman.valenti@ndsu.edu
25 Hernandez Ricardo NC State University rhernan4@ncsu.edu
26 Hoashi-Erhardt Wendy Washington State University wkhe@wsu.edu
27 Hoffmann Mark NC State University mark.hoffmann@ncsu.edu
28 Hoheisel Gwenn Washington State ghoheisel@wsu.edu
29 Hummer Kim USDA kim.hummer@usda.gov
30 Iglesias Carlos NC State University caiglesi@ncsu.edu
31 Ioannis Tzanetakis University of Arkansas itzaneta@uark.edu
32 Iorizzo Massimo NC State University miorizz@ncsu.edu
33 Kadium Venkateswara North Dakota State University venkateswara.kadium@ndsu.edu
34 Kalishuk Melanie University of Guelph mkalisch@uoguelph.ca
35 Kibbe Esther Cornell University ejp9@cornell.edu
36 Lay Amanda NC State University amlay@ncsu.edu
37 Lee Jungmin USDA jungmin.lee@usda.gov
38 Lewers Kim USDA kim.lewers@usda.gov
39 Liu Danyang Virginia Tech dadanyan@vt.edu
40 Luby Jim University of Minnesota lubyx001@umn.edu
41 Marvin Pritts Cornell University mpp3@cornell.edu
42 McWhirt Amanda University of Arkansas amcwhirt@uaex.edu
43 Meyers Jenny NC State University jamyers4@ncsu.edu
44 Mollov Dimitre USDA dimitre.mollov@usda.gov
45 Nitzsche Peter Rutgers University nitzsche@njaes.rutgers.edu
46 Nonnecke Gail Iowa State University nonnecke@iastate.edu
47 Palivs Gary Rutgers University pavlis@njaes.rutgers.edu
48 Pate Erica OMAFRA erica.pate@ontario.ca
49 Perkins-Veazie Penelope NC State University pmperkin@ncsu.edu
50 Radpath Lauren NC State University leredpat@ncsu.edu
51 Rana Tekan NC State University tsrana@ncsu.edu
52 Salinas Natalia University of Florida salinasn@ufl.edu
53 Samtani Jayesh Virginia Tech jsamtani@vt.edu
54 Schooley Kevin NASGA kevinschooley@bell.net
55 Sideman Becky University of New Hampshire becky.sideman@unh.edu
56 Smith Barbara USDA barbara.smith6@usda.gov
57 Spencer Jessica NC State University jaspence@ncsu.edu
58 Stafne Eric Mississippi State eric.stafne@msstate.edu
59 Strik Bernadine Oregon State University bernadine.strik@oregonstate.edu
60 Vance Whitaker University of Florida vwhitaker@ufl.edu
61 VandenLangenberg Kyle CA Berry Cultivars kyle@cbcberry.com
62 Volk Emma NC State University evolk@ncsu.edu
63 Wait Ava Nichole University of Arkansas avawait@uark.edu
64 Wang Zhuoyu North Dakota State University zhuoyu.wang@ndsu.edu
65 Weber Courtney Cornell University caw34@cornell.edu
66 Wilson Lena NC State University lcwilso3@ncsu.edu
67 Worthington Margaret University of Arkansas mlworthi@uark.edu
68 Wrenn Austin NC State University mawrenn@ncsu.edu
69 Yang Wei Oregon State University wei.yang@oregonstate.edu

Participants Attachment:

NCCC-212 2020 Report.pdf

Brief Summary of Minutes

SCRI (Tom Bewick)

Matching Funds are most likely required for the 2021 submissions. The House already passed the bill, and there may be language to be able to waive the fee. This has been discussed with Congress but has not yet been implemented. For now, it is required. SCRI funding amount has not changed. Tom Bewick is responsible for four programs at the moment and staffing issues of the USDA in Kansas lead to delays.

In memoriam of Dr. Chad Finn

Before the state reports were shared, we dedicated a few minutes in memoriam for Chad Finn, during which Gina Fernandez shared about the Chad Finn Ambassador Award that is in the works with American Pomological Society. Chad Finn has passed away due to an accident last year. At the end of the state reports on the second day, memories and a picture of Chad in his office were shared with the group by Jungmin Lee. Thank you Jungmin.

State Reports:

North Carolina: No Discussion

Alabama: No Discussion

Arkansas: Is the new Primocane plant the same as selection 268? Yes it is

Can you talk more about your project and your objectives: We think they can be more than just patio plants, we would like to see applications as indoor plants, etc. How short in stature are they? I would call them semi dwarfs more than dwarfs. We’re still learning the best ways to manage these plants and make them the best they can be If we want to learn more about the High Tunnel Project, who should we contact? Amanda McWhirt

British Columbia: No Discussion

Florida: What’s the chilling on the white strawberry? They essentially have no chilling. That said the plant is pretty adaptable. What is the consumer appeal of this? I didn’t think anyone was gonna be interested in this, I just thought it would be cool to try getting the white color in Florida. While there are some people who prefer the red strawberries, there are some people who prefer the white. I think this will be more of a specialty item for holidays such as valentines and the fourth of July. It’s a totally distinct problem and I think that’s what makes it interesting and distinct from red strawberries. Do you have any info on the nutritional value compared to others? We haven’t done any research on this part but we do plan on looking into allergies.

Iowa: Fruit Faculty Position in extension will be hopefully posted again in 2021. What is this warning system that you have for the anthracnose? We do this in collaboration with Florida, I would email Mark for more information on this: mgleason@iastate.edu

Maine: No Discussion.

Michigan: No Discussion

Mississippi: No Discussion

New Hampshire: No Discussion

New Jersey: No Discussion

New York: How come you chose jewel over other cultivars? Would we find differences with another cultivar? We wanted something that already had a lot of flavor. You would see differences with other cultivars. You found no differences in flavors, but we tend to find other flavor components changing during the day so I can’t make sense of the different aspects. How you grow the strawberries on the same farm, they all have the same climate, soil, temperature, etc. Fertilizer and other things didn’t have an effect on flavor. Did you do multiple harvest? Did you look at the difference in flavor between multiple harvests? Yes we did, we did 5 and we didn’t see any variation. Did you look at temperature during ripening times? Yes we are working on that right now. We have to figure out which window gives us the best correlation. Did you try and look at fruit temperature? No it was more air gross temperature.

Nova Scotia: No Discussion

Ontario: What is the goal of the PCR test for spotted wing drosophila? The idea is that growers can send in their liquid traps and send to the lab. The Ministry does all the counts for spotted wing and we want to move away from that.

Oregon: No Discussion

Pennsylvania: No Discussion

USDA - Beltsville: No Discussion

USDA - Corvallis: No Discussion

USDA Corvallis HCRU: Can you tell us about the new releases and how adaptable they are outside the pacific northwest? All three have eastern and western genetics. Adaptation depends on the genetics. A lot of our germplasm we’ve been able to test on our fresh market. My gut tells me they should be sufficiently hardy. USDA would love to have any of you test these to see if they are adaptable to your region. An issue with most of his selections he sends to NC is heat damage. We've tried lots of Chad's germplasm in NC and the majority has not done really well. But the new cultivars were comparable to what we grow here, and did well in our observational trials, but we don't take yield data. I need to go back and look at my notes for specific notes.

Utah: Do you feel like they’re negative as in resistant? I wouldn’t say the new cultivars are resistant, we know the disease is there but we haven’t seen it so far. For the propagation, do you have a protocol that you can go through or send to me? For the elderberry we’re using. When you were talking about aggie bloom, would you consider naming utah aggie bloom cause I thought about aggie as in texas? I’m not too worried about that, we have a group looking at plants for landscaping purposes and they have a lot of plants that are desert adapted.

Virginia: No Discussion

Washington(State): Is the pollination system using honey bees? Yes we focus on honey bees. About 20% of 35,000 acres of strawberries is organic and the reason why?

What is the price differential of organic and conventional blueberries? At least 0.60 cents to $1 premium. Depends on if it’s early season lor late season organic. For us it’s over $2.00. How much of a percent increase is that? For the right season it’s almost 50% higher. You said there’s a new pathologist, is there a new position? Not new, more of a merging of 2 positions. We merged the position to cover both crops. Right now we have an associate in research covering weed science. No plans to retire the position in the near future.

Business Meeting Minutes:

Present in the meeting:

Kim Lewers, William Baird, Margaret Worthington, Hamid Ashrafi, Kim Hummer, Michael Hardigan, Eric Stafne, Mark Hoffmann, David Handley, Bernadine Strik, Jill Bushakra, Nahla Bassil, Amanda McWhirt, Beatrice Amoyott, Gan Nonnecke, Patrick Edger, Courtney Weber, Marvin Pritt, Lisa De Vetter, Penny Perkins Veazie, Erica Pate, Jessica Spencer, Michael Dossett, Peter Nitzsche, Massimo Iorizzo, Yanis Nitzsche, Vance Whitaker, Kathy Demchak, Mark Ehlenfeldt, Brent Black, Becky Sideman.

Starting and approving last years' minutes:

-Mark Hoffman greeted everyone and called the meeting to order. Amanda McWhirt asked for approval of last year's (2019) minutes. There were no nays, so the minutes got approved.

Fourth Objective

Lisa De Vetter brought up the issue of the project renewal, and the 4th objective of the project was something that was proposed to be added to the project objective by adding working collaboratively on extension and extension projects. William Baird said the new objective needs to be tied up to the previous project objectives. Once the project gets submitted, he will be the person who initially reviews that proposal. Harlen Hatter asked what the possibility that the project does not get renewed is. The deadline to submit the project renewal is Dec 1.

- Someone asked who is on the committee, and the answer was, Lisa, Gina, Harlen, Brent, and Mary Roger for 5 years.

Travel Fund

- Hamid Ashrafi asked about the travel fund. William said, "check with your experimental station representative and ask them to submit your name". The experimental station should handle the travel fund. It seems NC State does not help with the travel fund.

Extension Publication

- Bernadine mentioned that we are encouraged to add extension publications and extension in general to our objectives. She also said we are always encouraged and mandated almost to talk about collaborative efforts across state lines. So an example would be Lisa de Vetter leading the PNW raspberry publication when that is available. Lisa said there is a section requiring proceedings articles and extension key extension outcomes and the impacts of those activities in a particular area. The group then voted to have a section in the proposal for extension impact in the write up when it is due next month (Dec 2020).

Video Conferencing

- The discussion revolved around having the meeting in a video conferencing format like in 2020. Participants expressed the pros and cons of video conferencing. One idea was to have it in a hybrid manner (in-person and video conferencing). Another idea was to alternate it; one year in-person participation and one year online. No decision was made at the end, but the idea is there to think about it.

Extension of the Project to Include Entomologists, Plant Pathologist, and Virologists

- One of the participants said they had been invited in the past, and there will not be any issue asking or inviting them in the future. Therefore, the team agreed to invite plant pathologists and virologists into the meeting.

Email List and Archiving the Reports

- Email lists, reports, and timelines were another agenda item. Mark said we need to ensure that we archive them and send them on to the next host. Mark Hofmann agreed to maintain such an email list and pass it to the next host. New people need to be added to the list, and people who have changed their jobs or moved need to be removed. Mark agreed to make a Google spreadsheet so people can edit it. The team also decided to create an archive for the reports. The website that Mark created was a good idea, and something like that can be done for each year's meeting. Also, the chair of the future meeting being involved in these processes helps him/her be more independent the next time. Lisa De Vetter will provide a list of responsibilities, and Mark Hoffman to flush it out. The current chair also needs to give the timeline of the events that need to happen next year before the meeting. It would be a good idea to write it up. Planning the location of the conference two years ahead of time was agreed to.

New Host

- For the 2021 meeting, a joint meeting between California and Mexico was proposed. Philip Stewart presented this idea for two years in a row. Since he was not in the forum, and someone needed to follow up with him. The team wanted to have a backup plan just in case California-Mexico could not be scheduled. University of Arkansas, Geneva, NY, and Florida were also proposed as potential locations.

Survey on How COVID-19 Has Been Affected Your Program

- A survey will be sent out to learn about: How covid-19 has impacted your work. Did your institution order you to stay at home? How long and how much of your lab research was affected by covid-19 as a percentage? How much of your field research was impacted by it; again, a percentage of how much of your extension program was affected? What percent of your work is at home now versus in March? Are you in the process of hiring faculty positions? People thought the latter one was interesting too. And if those were affected, are you being able to reopen the position to hire? Any other questions you can think of? Margaret suggested maybe you can ask about how people try to figure out childcare because some of us that have kids.

Forum for Discussion

- Jessica Spencer from NC proposed to form a forum where people can talk to each other and ask questions. A Facebook page was proposed to be created where researchers can exchange ideas.

Accomplishments

<h3>Short-term Outcomes: </h3> <h3>Due to the global pandemic, this meeting was held entirely online via Zoom in 2020. The meeting was attended by individuals from 23 institutions, up from 16 institutions in 2021. Despite challenging conditions, most institutions reported that research continued at most sites. Results from the research has been or will be disseminated to grower clientele via state, regional and national meetings and publications (see lists below).</h3>   <h3>Outputs: </h3> <h3>This project has resulted in the evaluation of germplasm and release of at least 14 new strawberry, blackberry, and bunch grape cultivars in the past 2 years and there are at least 10 institutions conducting collaborative cultivar trials. The NCCC-212 collaborations have also resulted in the development of a number of genetic resources and enhanced germplasm evaluation. For example, a very wide reaching collaboration led by the USDA National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR)  personnel and  Univ. Ark, WSU, BC Berry Cultivar Development, Cornell, University, NCSU, OSU, UC Davis, UFL, MSU, IFAPA (Spain), and others have worked together to identify important candidate genes (blackberry), fingerprinting sets based on SSR’s (raspberry, blackberry and blueberry), genetic map for insect resistance in black raspberry, conduct Rubus diversity and GWAS analysis, assist with genomic selection (blueberry). Most of these outputs have been published in peer reviewed journals.  In addition the Canadian institutions have a collaborative project within the country, called the Canadian Berry Trial Network, where they trial small fruit germplasm in BC, Nova Scotia, and Ontario. They have invited US breeders to send them germplasm.</h3> Research focused on challenges in small fruit production are numerous within the NCCC-212. For example, several institutions are evaluating the impact of pests that are emerging in their state or region, or developing resistance to chemical controls. Research in the use of high and low tunnels for strawberry and caneberry production are ongoing in several states. In response to low productivity disease outbreaks in strawberry nurseries several institutions are collaborating to develop a multistate SCRI project to optimize a clean plant strawberry propagation system.  Work is also ongoing at several institutions looking at soil disinfestation for strawberry production. In addition, several studies at  Oregon State University illustrate the need to conduct long term research that has impactful findings that are useful to growers.  Finally, several non traditional small fruits are either being evaluated as alternative crops including passion fruit, goldenberries, Juneberries, chokecherries as well as elderberry and Ribes as alternative crops. The small fruit industries in both the US states and Canadian provinces have benefited from release of new cultivars and improved cultural practices as a result of research conducted by members of the NCCC-212. In addition, although there is not an objective for Extension projects, many of the projects listed in Objectives 1 and 2 have an outreach component which has helped to disseminate the information to our grower clientele. See publications at the end of this document. <h3> </h3> <h3>Activities -  Collaborative projects:</h3> Multiple collaborative projects reported for Objective 1, 59 projects for Objective 2, and 4 projects for Objective 3. There is one large multi institutional USDA funded project in blueberry, VacCAP.   <h3>Objective 1 - Develop improved small fruit germplasm through cooperative breeding and evaluation programs.</h3>   <h4>Blackberry and Raspberry: </h4> University of Arkansas:  Two new floricane-fruiting cultivars with excellent flavor have been released in the past few years. ‘Caddo’, a high-yielding thornless, erect cultivar with medium-large fruit that are sweet and flavorful was released in 2018.‘Ponca’, a high-yielding thornless, erect cultivar with medium-sized fruit with enhanced sweetness and good post-harvest handling was released in 2019. One additional primocane-fruiting selection has been submitted for release approval by the AES, APF-268, and when approval is complete, it will be available for sale. The projected first offer date is December 1. The proposed name is Prime-Ark® Horizon, and if all goes well, this will be the name. This release is intended to be a complement to Prime-Ark®45 as it is thorny. The floricane fruit potential is very high, among the highest of any blackberry genotype tested in the Arkansas program. Primocane crop is lower, as is the reality with all primocane-fruiting cultivars in Arkansas. During testing, the primocane crop ranged from 10 to 74% of the floricane crop among years. APF-268 is large, and average berry size of floricane berries was 7.8 g and primocane berries 7.3 g. The similarity in berry size from these two cane types is much closer than any primocane-fruiting cultivar, and suggests more stable berry size stability in summer heat. Postharvest storage potential is good for this new development, particularly for firmness and low leakage; reversion is similar to Prime-Ark®45. Finally, this new development fruits longer in the fall, averaging 8 days longer than Prime-Ark®45and 19 days longer than Prime-Ark®Traveler.There are a number of other primocane-and floricane-fruiting blackberry selections in advanced stages of testing. We are also continuing work on breeding blackberries with novel or ‘dwarf’ architecture for home gardeners.   We have also expanded molecular breeding and research activities in blackberry. University of Arkansas researchers are collaborating with NCSU (Dr. Hamid Ashrafi and Dr. Gina Fernandez), USDA-ARS (Dr. Nahla Bassil), and United Kingdom researchers on the development of two diploid reference genomes. Our team has completed two years of phenotyping on a blackberry genome-wide association study (GWAS) funded by USDA-AFRI and we are looking forward to analyzing genotype data by the end of 2020. Graduate students have measured thorn density, internode length, fruit size and shape, sweetness, acidity, seed size, firmness, and red drupelet reversion in a panel of ~300 UA breeding selections and cultivars for this GWAS project. We are also working with breeders and scientists at Pairwise, NCSU, USDA-ARS, Cornell, and Plant Sciences, Inc.on a unique public-private partnership to identify and characterize the genetic diversity in a diverse Rubus collection.   British Columbia: RaspberriesIn the 2017 Machine Harvest Trial, BC 10-71-27 (1.55 kg/plant) was the highest yielding selection, followed by WSU 2188 (1.24 kg/plant), compared with the standard ‘Chemainus’ (1.04 kg/plant). Both harvested exceptionally well by machine and had good fruit quality. BC 10-71-27 was about a week earlier than WSU 2188. In the 2018 Machine Harvest Trial, WSU 2069 (2.12 kg/plant) and BC 13-31-9 (2.03 kg/plant) were the standouts, with significantly more fruit than ‘Meeker’ (0.46 kg/plant) or ‘Chemainus’ (1.21 kg/plant). Both had nice quality, with WSU 2069 being especially nice.We are currently conducting a large study to examine heritability and correlations between various yield components, yield, fruit quality, and seasonality. The aim is to try to identify selection criteria that will allow us to more effectively put selection pressure on yield and earliness simultaneously, an objective that is difficult because these two traits are negatively correlated. We also received funding in 2020 to work with an economist to help develop a selection index based on grower profitability. As the breeding program continues to increase the proportion of selections that machine harvest easily and show nice quality, this will further help separate those which are worth pursuing and those which are candidates for elimination by estimating and ranking their economic potential for growers and more accurately taking into account economic tradeoffs such as yield with earliness (greater percentage of fruit into IQF grade before processors stop taking IQF fruit for the season in favor of blueberries).   NC State University: Rubus GWAS/BSH study, Multi institution phenotyping project initiated with Univ. Ark, Cornell, USDA-ARS Corvallis, BC Berry, Plant Science Inc (Watsonville) and Pairwise Plants (Durham NC) in 2019/2020. In spring and summer of 2020. 5 cultivars were planted at each location and will be phenotyped over the next 2 years. Phenotyping has begun at most locations.New graduate student, Katie Sheehan-Lust (NCSU) will be using this project for her MS research. In addition, Pairwise plants, has developed five scaffold or pseudomolecule genome assemblies, generation genomic resequencing data for approximately 500 (?) public lines, and shared genomic resequencing data on all public lines and associated phenotype measurements in a publicly accessible database.   Washington State University:  Five collaborative breeding project were reported as follows: 1- Evaluation of performance of red raspberry selections in the Pacific Northwest. Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Washington State University, Bernadine Strik, Pat Jones, Oregon State University, Mary Peterson and Michael Hardigan, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR, Michael Dossett, BC Blueberry Council, Abbotsford, BC. 2- Evaluation of adaptation of red raspberry selections to machine harvesting. Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Washington State University, Mary Peterson and Michael Hardigan, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR, Michael Dossett, BC Blueberry Council, Abbotsford, BC. 3-Evaluation of raspberry selections to root rot. Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Washington State University, Mary Peterson and Michael Hardigan, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR, Michael Dossett, BC Blueberry Council, Abbotsford, BC. 4- Evaluation of performance of red raspberry cultivars to individually quick frozen processing. Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Washington State University, Tom Walters, Walters Ag Research, Anacortes, WA. 5- Evaluation of performance of advanced red raspberry selections in grower trials in the Pacific Northwest. Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Washington State University, Tom Peerbolt and Julie Pond, Northwest Berry Foundation, Portland, OR.   Blueberry & Huckleberry:   NC State University, Raleigh: We were able to send Michael Dossett in British Columbia, Canada softwood cuttings of Reveille x Arlen population of ~300 that have been central to marker studies at NCSU. We will likely need to repeat the process depending on survivability.   As part of AFRI project that was funded in 2019, entitled “ Developing An Economic Standardized Genotyping Tool to Enhance Blueberry Breeding Programs” , PhD student Lauren Redpath, and research associate Rishi Aryal in collaboration with USDA-ARS scientists Dr. Nahla Bassil and her team at National Clonal Germplasm Repository and Dr. Amanda Haulse-Kemp team are working on a diversity panel of advanced selections and cultivars where native species have been hybridized into their pedigrees for trait introgression. As a part of this study 150 individuals at the Sandhills research station in Jackson Springs, NC and 76 individuals at the National Clonal Germplasm Repository were selected and phenotyped over the summers of 2019 and 2020 with 2 to 3 harvests per individual and clonal replication. Phenotyping included bloom time, fruit ripening duration and ting, as well as fruit skin color spectrum analysis, firmness, weight, size, area, anthocyanin content, puncturability, soluble solid and acid content determination, titratable acidity. Analysis confirmed that there were significant differences between successive harvests. Within a harvest there were significant differences between individuals for each of the measure traits; these results are anticipated in a diversity panel. Phenotypic measurements were highly correlated over the years of study (R2 > 0.55). These phenotypic measurements are in the process of being associated with genotypic markers in a genome wide association study (GWAS). Sequence capture strategy via Tecan (Allegro) Targeted Genotyping) was used to capture 60,000 SNP makers in the gene space of blueberry. The markers were developed as part of the AFRI project as well as a previous project by sequencing of ~54 blueberry accessions from 8 sections and 28 species. For the sequencing capture data, we used two pipelines for variant calling of 251 individuals including the individuals in the phenotyping population and select parents. We initially called 14.5 M variant positions with both Freebayes and an in-house pipeline, further filtering for previously established Allegro probes, we established 30,000 variant positions for further investigation. These probes have been used in STRUCTURE analysis, wherein patterns of introgressed species clustering has been detected, and GWASpoly for association analysis. Pseudo molecule development and scaffolding is underway to establish linkage groups and present a more accurate representation of association between variant and phenotype. <h4>NC State University, Kannaplolis: Characterized fruit quality traits in blueberry germplasm (Massimo Iorizzo in collaboration with Food Scientists and NCGR-OR). Extensive variation for all fruit traits (pH, TA, Brix/TSS, fruit size, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, flavanols, flavonols)</h4> <h4>evaluated in a Diversity Panel (DP) was detected. Broad sense heritability of the traits</h4> <h4>estimated in 100 tetraploid accessions, ranged from 20 to 90%, with most traits revealing</h4> <h4>moderate to high broad sense heritability (H2 > 40%), suggesting that strong genetic</h4> <h4>factors control these traits. TSS was positively and significantly correlated with most of</h4> <h4>the anthocyanins, flavanols, and phenolic aids and pH was positively associated with</h4> <h4>acylated anthocyanins. Fruit size can be estimated as a proxy of fruit weight or volume</h4> <h4>and vice versa, and it was negatively correlated with content of most of phytochemicals.</h4> <h4>However, size-independent variation for anthocyanin content and profile exists in the</h4> <h4>tetraploid accessions and can be explored to identify other factors such as genes related to</h4> <h4>the biosynthetic pathway that control this trait (Molla et al., 2020a, Farneti et al., 2020).</h4> <h4>Oregon State University - USDA-ARS: Multiple project as follows</h4> <h4>1- Developed a genetic framework to improve the efficiency of bioactive delivery from blueberry. Nahla Bassil, Kim Hummer, USDA ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR; Molla F. Mengist, Haley Burtch, Hawi Debelo, Marti Pottorff, Hamed Bostan, Candace Nunn, Sydney Corbin,</h4> <h4>Colin D. Kay, Mary Ann Lila, Mario G. Ferruzzi, Massimo Iorizzo, Plants for Human</h4> <h4>Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC</h4> <h4>2- Phenotyping blueberry for fruit quality traits. Nahla Bassil, Kim Hummer, USDA ARS NCGRCorvallis, OR; Marti Pottorff, Massimo Iorizzo, Penelope Perkins-Veazie, Mary Ann</h4> <h4>Lila, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis,</h4> <h4>NC; Ted Mackey, USDA-ARS-HCRU, Corvallis, OR.</h4> <h4>3- Developing a high throughput genotyping platform for blueberry and cranberry. Nahla Bassil,</h4> <h4>Mandie Driskill, USDA ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR; Massimo Iorizzo, Plants for Human</h4> <h4>Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC; Patrick Edger,</h4> <h4>Michigan State University, Department of Horticulture, E. Lansing, MI; Patricio Munoz,</h4> <h4>University of Florida, Horticultural Science Department, Gainesville, FL; David Chagne,</h4> <h4>Plant & Food Research Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand.</h4> <h4>4- ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR; Dongyan Zhao, Moira Sheehan, Cornell University,</h4> <h4>Department of Plant Biology; Amanda Hulse-Kemp, USDA-ARS; Jodi Humann, Dorrie</h4> <h4>Main, Washington State University, Department of Horticulture, Pullman, WA</h4> <h4>5- Testing Allegro Targeted Genotyping for blueberry genome wide association. Nahla Bassil,</h4> <h4>USDA ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR; Amanda Hulse-Kemp, USDA-ARS-GBRU; Lauren</h4> <h4>Redpath, Rishi Aryal, and Hamid Ashrafi, North Carolina State University, Horticultural</h4> <h4>Science Department, Raleigh, NC</h4> Pennsylvania State University: Blueberry cultivar comparison on an “upland” soil. R. Marini and K. Demchak, Penn State Univ., University Park, PA; J. Luby, Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Jim Hancock, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI. No more information was provided about the project.   <h4>Grapes: </h4> Auburn University: The following activities have been done in collaboration with UC Davis, UGA and University of Arkansas. <ol> <li>Evaluation of UC Davis Developed Pierces Disease (PD) Resistant Predominantly V.</li> </ol> vinifera Grapes in AL. E. Coneva, and M. Price, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, and Andy Walker, UC Davis. <ol> <li>Assessment of Recently Released Muscadine Grape Cultivars and Advanced Selections</li> </ol> from the UoG breeding program in AL conditions. E. Coneva, M. Price, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, and P. Conner, UoG. <ol> <li>Assessment of Newly Released UoG Blueberry Cultivars, E. Coneva and M. Price,</li> </ol> Auburn University, Auburn, AL, and Scott NeSmith, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA. <ol> <li>Evaluation of Newly Bred Seedless Table Grape Selections from the University of</li> </ol> Arkansas Breeding Lines. E. Coneva, Auburn University, Auburn, AL; and John Clark, University of Arkansas University of Arkansas: In collaboration with UGA they have measured firmness of berries analytically and by sensory, validation of a new candidate gene for bronze berry color, investigations into the inheritance of sex and leaf shape in collaboration with Patrick Conner (UGA), and estimation of genetic diversity of wild and cultivated muscadines across the native range. <h4>Strawberry: </h4> University of Florida: In terms of cultivar development and release efforts, at UFL they have continued to work collaboratively with the NCPN by sending tissue cultures of released varieties to the NC State micropropagation unit. A collaborative germplasm exchange with Dr. Kim Lewers, USDA, Beltsville, MD, was officially established in 2020 in which crosses are being made between UF and USDA accessions to combine flavor from the USDA parents and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides resistance from UF parents. Gina Fernandez of NC State continues to trial our new varieties as they become available in order to provide recommendations to growers in the mid-Atlantic. Thus far the newer UF varieties flower too early in the winter in this region.   DNA Test Development – collaborators include Dr. Nahla Bassil, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR and Dr. Steven J. Knapp, UC-Davis, Davis, CA. An increasing number of DNA tests are being developed, published, and made available to the strawberry breeding and genetics community.   Genomic Selection Methodology Development – collaborators include Dr. Rex Bernardo, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN and Dr. Patricio Munoz, UF Horticultural Science, Gainesville, FL. At UFL they continue to conduct research into effective applications of genomic prediction in strawberry parent and seedling selection, continuing the work that began during RosBREED.   NC State University: Cultivar development. Focus is on improving firmness, flavor, disease resistance and yield. 5000 seedlings evaluated, 122 new selections made in 2020.   Cultivar evaluation and numbered breeding line evaluation in collaboration with Lassen Canyon and Cottle Farms. M. Hoffmann. Evaluation of yield and fruit quality characteristics in an on-farm field trial. (partly funded by the NC Strawberry Association).   Nova Scotia (Canada): In 2019, K. Hummer sent a collection of 300 Fragaria x. ananassa accessions from the USDA clonal germplasm repository in Oregon to the AAFC Kentville Research and Development Centre in Nova Scotia. This collection has previously been genotyped and phenotyped for various plant and fruit characteristics in Corvallis and elsewhere. The collection was planted in Kentville in summer 2020 and will be phenotyped for phenological and fruit quality traits in 2021 and 2022. The Nova Scotia data will be integrated into the larger study to serve as another dimension of genotype x environment for the genome wide association study. The objective is to identify new genetic sources of variation for breeding and selection.   USDA-ARS and Oregon State University: Evaluating genotype x environment interactions for predicting SSC in strawberry. Jason Zurn, Nahla Bassil, USDA ARS NCGR-Corvallis, OR; Mulusew Ali, Craig Hardner University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia; Vance Whitaker, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL; Chad Finn, USDA ARS HCRU-Corvallis, OR; Jim Hancock, Michigan State University, E. Lansing, MI; Iraida Amaya, IFAPA, Malaga, Spain; Helen Cockerton, Richard Harrison, NIAB-EMR, East Malling, United Kingdom; Lise Mahoney, Tom Davis, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH; Jodi Neal, Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Nambour, Australia.   Washington State University: Evaluation of performance of June-bearing and day-neutral strawberry selections in the Pacific Northwest. Wendy Hoashi-Erhardt, Washington State University, Bernadine Strik, Pat Jones, Oregon State University, Ted Mackey and Michael Hardigan, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR, Michael Dossett, BC Blueberry Council, Abbotsford, BC.     <h4>Other small fruit crops:</h4> <h4>General:</h4>   British Columbia: The final stage of the breeding program prior to commercialization is to evaluate advanced selections under commercial conditions through grower trials. This portion of the program has been linked with programs in Ontario, Quebec and Nova Scotia to build a network of trials, each region evaluating the other’s selections against standard cultivars. Two initial rounds of exchange of raspberry and strawberry selections and cultivars took place in 2019 and 2020 with selections from the Kentville and BC programs being distributed for replicated trials in each province. A first round of blueberry trials is being planned for spring of 2021. These trials will implement replicated comparisons of a range of industry standard cultivars, new cultivars, and non-commercialized selections from a few different breeding programs. On-farm grower trial evaluations of existing raspberry, strawberry and blueberry trials. In 2020, this included intensive sampling to compare blueberry fruit firmness over five weeks in cooler storage.   Impact of the First Objective:   The major impact of the small fruit breeding effort is in plantings of released blackberry cultivars. The primocane-fruiting cultivars have had significant production now for several years and are now providing for a much-extended blackberry marketing season for domestic production. The floricane-fruiting cultivars Ouachita, Natchez and Osage are the most popular and continue to provide for high quality berries. The new releases Caddo and Ponca are expanding production also, and Ponca looks to be a big step up in consistent sweetness in berries   Two new UF strawberry cultivars have been released and patents applied for in July, 2020. These are detailed below. Trade names are in process. 'FL 16.78-109' (PPAF) is a new strawberry variety that produces extremely unique white-colored fruit with a pink blush. This variety will provide strawberry growers and marketers with new opportunities in retail and food service markets. 'FL 16.78-109' fruit are consistently sweet throughout the season and have a unique aroma reminiscent of apricot and pineapple. The first plants have been planted in October 2020 and limited quantities of fruit will be available in select retail markets throughout this winter. FL 16.30-128' (PPAF) is a new strawberry variety that is intended to complement the production of 'Florida Brilliance' and Sweet Sensation (R) 'Florida127' and give growers another variety alternative with excellent early-season yields. Fruit of 'FL 16.30-128' are medium-large sized, firm, uniformly shaped, and have exceptional color and flavor.   ‘Rocco’ (New Strawberry Cultivar from NC State) is gaining popularity in midwest states. Growers are replacing ‘Sweet Charlie’ with ‘Rocco’. Estimated production for 2021 will be between 1.0 and 1.5 M plants.   From Nova Scotia breeding program, Audrey’, ‘Evelyn’ and ‘Kate’ are June-bearing strawberries with medium-large, firm berries that ripen in the mid-season with ‘Mira’ and ‘Lila’. They have moderate yields in Nova Scotia and Quebec, and are currently being tested in other Canadian provinces. North American plant sales are licensed to Lareault Nursery in Quebec and C.O. Keddy Nursery in Nova Scotia. Variety protection is in progress, and plants will soon be available for sale in the USA.     <h3>Objective 2 - Develop practices for small fruit production tailored for climatic and market needs of growers.</h3> <h4>Blackberry and Raspberry:</h4> Arkansas Broad mite in blackberry and other pest management observations (Cato) Evaluation of preemergent herbicides for newly planted blackberries (Bertucci, McWhirt, Cato). Preliminary evaluations of timing and rates of prohexadione calcium on blackberry (A. McWhirt, T. Kon (NCSU)) Rotating Cross Arm Trellis and Standard T-trellis Comparison. (A. McWhirt)   Mississippi Evaluating blackberry cultivars for tolerance to white drupelet disorder. E. Stafne, Mississippi State University; Barbara J. Smith, USDA-ARS Poplarville.   New York North Carolina Managing vigor of blackberry with prohexadione calcium: Effects on vegetative and reproductive development. Gina Fernandez, Tom Kon, Penny Perkins-Veazie and Karen Blaedow. NC State University. Pest Management Strategic Plan (PMSP) for Blackberry in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia. Gina Fernandez, Karen Blaedow, Hannah Burrack, Sara Villani, Katie Jennings, Wayne Mitchem, Danesha Seth-Carley, Daniel Tregeagle, Roger Batts, Rocco Schiavone, Katie Lohff, Phil Hatfield, Ryan Adams, North Carolina State University, Elizabeth Cieniewicz, Clemson University, Elina Coneva, Edgar Vinson, Arlie Powell, Auburn University, Katheryn Fontenot, Louisiana State University, David Lockwood, University of Tennessee, Amanda McWhirt, University of Arkansas, Rebecca Melanson, Mississippi State University, Jonathan Oliver, University of Georgia, Doug Pfeiffer, Jayesh Samtani, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University (Virginia Tech), Guido Schnabel, Clemson University, Ash Sial, University of Georgia, Eric T. Stafne, Mississippi State University. Survey of fertility use in single and double cropped primocane fruiting blackberries at 2 on-farm locations. Fernandez, Hicks, Blaedow, Shires, Speer, McNicoll, and Gumpertz.   North Dakota Continue to evaluate ways to get more fruit from primocane blackberry cultivars. North Dakota State University. Continue to evaluate organic production methods for raspberry and blackberry cultivars. North Dakota University.     Oregon Alignment between University Nutrient Guidelines and Grower Practices for Blackberry and Red and Black Raspberry in Oregon (in press; J. Amer. Pom. Soc.). Jones, P.A., A.J. Davis, and B.C. Strik. Sr. Faculty Research Assistant I, Sr. Faculty Research Assistant I, and Professor, Oregon State University. Impact of planting density and pruning and training method on growth, yield and machineharvest efficiency of ‘Columbia Star’ trailing blackberry (in progress). Strik, B.C. and A.J. Davis. Oregon State University.   Utah Develop improved management strategies for high tunnel berry production in a high-elevation arid climate. Utah State University.   Washington Determining blueberry cold hardiness in Washington. G. Hoheisel and L. Khot, WSU, Prosser, WA; L.W DeVetter, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA; C. Kogan, WSU, Pullman, WA. Impacts of mycorrhizal fungal inoculants and fertilizer sources on red raspberry. L.W. DeVetter and Q. Lu, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA; and R. Bunn and E. Whitney, Western WA University, Bellingham, WA. Improving machine harvest efficiency and fruit quality for fresh market blueberry. L.W. DeVetter and Y. Cai, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA; S. Sankaran and C. Zhang, WSU, Pullman, WA; J. Chen, University of Georgia, Athens, GA; W. Yang, OSU, Aurora, OR; F. Takeda, USDA-ARS, Kearneysville, WV; S. Korthuis, B. Foote, and K Van Weerdhuizen, Oxbo, Lynden, WA. Management techniques to optimize soil pH and nutrient availability in organic highbush blueberry grown east of the Cascade Range. S. Lukas, OSU, Hermiston, OR; L.W. DeVetter, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA; J. Davenport and G. Hoheisel, WSU, Prosser, WA; R. Sero and S. Galinato, WSU, Pullman, WA, D.Bryla, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR; B. Strik, J. Fernandez-Salvador, D. Sullivan, and K. Trippe, OSU, Corvallis, OR. Optimizing blueberry pollination to ensure future yields. R. Isaacs and M. Milbrath, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI; L.W. DeVetter, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA; S. Galinato, WSU, Pullman, WA; R. Malinger, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; A. Melathopoulos, Oregon State University (OSU), Corvallis, OR. Optimizing nutrient management for organically grown blueberries in eastern Washington. L.W. DeVetter and A. Bhasin, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA; J. Davenport and G. Hoheisel, WSU, Prosser, WA; N. Stacey, WSU, Puyallup, WA. Polyethylene and biodegradable plastic mulches for improved establishment of raspberry planted as tissue culture transplants. L.W DeVetter, B. Madrid, H. Zhang, C. Miles, C. Benedict, S. Watkinson, Washington State University (WSU), Mount Vernon, WA; I.A. Zasada, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR; S. Ghimire, University of Connecticut, Vernon, CT. Real-time nutrient analyses of raspberry using petiole sap. L.W. DeVetter, Q. Lu, and C. Miles, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA. VacciniumCAP: Leveraging genetic and genomic resources to enable development of blueberry and cranberry cultivars with improved fruit quality attributes. M. Iorizzo, North Carolina State University (NC State), Raleigh, NC; et al. (project team at: https://www.vacciniumcap.org/team). Valuing nitrogen release from high organic matter soils. G. LaHune, C. Sloan, L.W. DeVetter, D. Griffin LaHue, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA.   <h4>Blueberry & Huckleberry:</h4> British Columbia Assessing Harvest and Postharvest Fruit Quality in Blueberry: Dr. Simone Castellarin and Dr. Anubhav Pratap Singh, University of British Columbia Controlling Blueberry Fruit Development using Plant Growth Regulators: Dr. Charitha Jayasinghege, Research Scientist, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Determining Optimal Wildflower Patch Arrangements to Minimize Pollination Deficits in Cultivated Blueberry: Dr. Rebecca Tyson, Associate Professor, University of British Columbia Development of PCR Based Methods to Reliably Distinguish Shock or Scorch Virus Infected Blueberry Plants: Dr. Jim Mattsson, Associate Professor, Simon Fraser University Ecological Pest management for Spotted Wing Drosophila: Dr. Juli Carrillo, Assistant Professor, University of British Columbia Effects of Host, Pathogen, and Environmental Factors on Increased Incidence of European Foulbrood in Honey Bee Colonies Pollinating Blueberries in BC: Dr. Sarah Wood, University of Saskatchewan Evaluation of spray-induced gene silencing of blueberry scorch and shock viruses as a method to reduce virus number and symptoms of infected blueberry plants: Dr. Jim Mattsson, Simon Fraser University. Integrating host resistance and alternatives to copper-based products for sustainable management of bacterial blight: Dr. Rishi Burlakoti, Research Scientist, Agassiz Research and Development Centre (ARDC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC). Mitigating cultivar-specific physiological challenges in new blueberry cultivars: Dr. Eric Gerbrandt, Plant Scientist, Sky Blue Horticulture Ltd. Monitoring of arthropod pests in raspberry and blueberry germplasm: Dr. Michelle Franklin, Research Scientist, Agassiz Research and Development Centre (ARDC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC).   Arkansas Evaluation of preemergent herbicides for newly planted blackberries (Bertucci, McWhirt, Cato).   Mississippi Renovation pruning of blueberry cultivars in Mississippi. E. Stafne, MSU; B.J. Smith, USDA ARS.   North Carolina Postharvest shelf life changes in blueberry cultivars. Cooperators: Penelope PerkinsVeazie, Massimo Iorizzo, NCSU. Shelf Life: Cuticular Wax Bloom of Blueberry Fruit: An Innovated Edible Coating for Enhancing Quality and Shelf-life. Hamid Ashrafi, Mahnaz Kargar. North Carolina State University.   Ontario Distribution of four major plant parasitic nematodes associated with highbush blueberry in Southern Ontario. T. Sultana, AAFC; E. Pate, OMAFA; E. Thorpe, OMAFRA.   Oregon Development of alternate fertilization programs to mitigate nutrient problems found in long-term organic blueberry production systems (study in progress) B.C. Strik, A.J. Davis, D.R. Bryla. Oregon State University and USDA-ARS. Individual and Combined Use of Sawdust and Weed Mat Mulch in a New Planting of Northern Highbush Blueberry I. Impacts on Plant Growth and Soil and Canopy Temperature (Published) B.C Strik, A.J. Davis, D.R. Bryla, and S.T. Orr. Oregon State University and USDA-ARS Individual and Combined Use of Sawdust and Weed Mat Mulch in a New Planting of Northern Highbush Blueberry II. Nutrient Uptake and Allocation (in press; HortScience) B.C Strik, A.J. Davis, and D.R. Bryla. Oregon State University and USDA-ARS. Individual and Combined Use of Sawdust and Weed Mat Mulch in a New Planting of Northern Highbush Blueberry III. Yield and Fruit Quality (in Progress) B.C Strik and A.J. Davis. Oregon State University. Machine harvesting and low-input pruning options in ‘Mini Blues’ for specialized processed markets (study in progress) B.C. Strik, A.J. Davis, P. Jones. Oregon State University and USDA-ARS. Management Techniques to Optimize Soil pH and Nutrient Availability in Organic Highbush Blueberry Grown East of the Cascade Range (study in progress, year 1 of 3) S.B. Lukas1 , L.W. DeVetter2 , D.R. Bryla3 , B.C. Strik1 , J. Fernandez-Salvador1 and S. Galinato2 . 1Oregon State University, 2Washington State University and 3USDA -ARS Pruning and training options for improving production efficiency in ‘Legacy’ blueberry (study in progress). B.C. Strik, A.J. Davis, P. Jones. Oregon State University and USDA-ARS. Pennsylvania Soil amendments and mulch for blueberry plant establishment. R. Marini and K. Demchak, Penn State Univ., University Park, PA. Washington Determining blueberry cold hardiness in Washington. G. Hoheisel and L. Khot, WSU, Prosser, WA; L.W DeVetter, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA; C. Kogan, WSU, Pullman, WA. Improving machine harvest efficiency and fruit quality for fresh market blueberry. L.W. DeVetter and Y. Cai, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA; S. Sankaran and C. Zhang, WSU, Pullman, WA; J. Chen, University of Georgia, Athens, GA; W. Yang, OSU, Aurora, OR; F. Takeda, USDA-ARS, Kearneysville, WV; S. Korthuis, B. Foote, and K Van Weerdhuizen, Oxbo, Lynden, WA. Management techniques to optimize soil pH and nutrient availability in organic highbush blueberry grown east of the Cascade Range. S. Lukas, OSU, Hermiston, OR; L.W. DeVetter, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA; J. Davenport and G. Hoheisel, WSU, Prosser, WA; R. Sero and S. Galinato, WSU, Pullman, WA, D. Bryla, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR; B. Strik, J. Fernandez-Salvador, D. Sullivan, and K. Trippe, OSU, Corvallis, OR. Optimizing blueberry pollination to ensure future yields. R. Isaacs and M. Milbrath, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI; L.W. DeVetter, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA; S. Galinato, WSU, Pullman, WA; R. Malinger, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; A. Melathopoulos, Oregon State University (OSU), Corvallis, OR. Optimizing nutrient management for organically grown blueberries in eastern Washington. L.W. DeVetter and A. Bhasin, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA; J. Davenport and G. Hoheisel, WSU, Prosser, WA; N. Stacey, WSU, Puyallup, WA. VacciniumCAP: Leveraging genetic and genomic resources to enable development of blueberry and cranberry cultivars with improved fruit quality attributes. M. Iorizzo, North Carolina State University (NC State), Raleigh, NC; et al. (project team at: https://www.vacciniumcap.org/team). Valuing nitrogen release from high organic matter soils. G. LaHune, C. Sloan, L.W. DeVetter, D. Griffin LaHue, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA. <h4>Elderberry:</h4> Utah Develop alternative crops for diversification opportunities. Utah State University. <h4> </h4> <h4>Grapes: </h4> Alabama Determining the Optimal Planting Density of Pierce’s Disease (PD) Resistant Predominantly V. vinifera Grapes trained to a Watson training System in Alabama conditions. E. Coneva, and M. Price, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, and Andy Walker, UC Davis. Evaluations of selected scion-rootstock combinations for sustainable hybrid bunch grape production in Alabama. E. Coneva and James Pitts, Auburn University, Auburn, AL.   Arkansas High Tunnel Grape Production Systems: A Novel Sustainable Approach to Growing Grapes (Cooperators: D. T. Johnson, R. Threlfall UA; J. Lee, A. McWhirt, R. Rainey, UAEX; L. Freeman NCATT).   Florida Evaluation of viticultural practices for ‘Marquette’ and ‘ La Crescent’ grapevines grown in single- or double-cordon training systems.   New Hampshire Yield and performance of eight seedless table grape cultivars grown in two training systems (Munson and VSP) in New Hampshire. NH Agricultural Expt. Station, Hatch Project NH00685. R.G. Sideman, M. Cogswell and K.M. Orde, University of NH, Durham NH; G. Hamilton, University of NH Extension, Goffstown NH.   North Carolina Evaluation of seasonal differences in nutrient content of muscadine tissue samples M. Hoffmann, T. Rana (MHS thesis). NC State University. Grape Trunk Disease Management in NC.M. Hoffmann, E. Volk and S. Villani. NC State University. Grapevine virus survey and development of testing service through the MPRU and PDIC. M.Hoffmann, C. Almeyda, W. Talton, M. AlRwahnih, M. Sudarshana, M. Nita, E. Volk. NC State University. Optimal pruning and flower removal studies on seedless muscadine cultivars. M. Hoffmann, E. Volk and P. Perkins-Veazie. NC State University. Shelf Life of seedless and seeded muscadine grapes. M. Hoffmann and P. PerkinsVeazie. NC State University.   North Dakota A trial to examine the effects of four trellis systems for ‘Marquette’ and ‘Petite Pearl’ grapes was also severely damaged repeatedly by winter dieback. North Dakota State University. For two winters in a row devastating dieback of almost all cultivars occurred in a variety trial initiated in 2004 despite what was considered a rather mild winter. North Dakota State University. Screening the North Dakota State University grape germplasm collection for temperature adaptive acclimation responses. North Dakota University. Assessment of the effect of viticultural practices (fruit zone leaf removal, shoot thinning, crop positioning, and crop load management) on fruit yield, quality, and vine cold hardiness for ‘Frontenac’, ‘Marquette’, and ‘Prairie Star’. North Dakota University. <ul> <li>Identify and discuss major concerns of berry growers, processors, marketers and scientists with a multistate focus for the priority of issues. This will lead to more efficient use of public funds when developing research, teaching and extension programs to address these concerns.</li> <li>Collaborative exchange of information and ideas among group members will lead to collaborative projects, stronger grant proposals, more robust publications, and new sources of specialized information. Ideas generated from one state project can be tested regionally and nationally. Such evaluations enable innovations to be site-specific and to hasten adaptation.</li> <li>Standardized multi-state and regional germplasm evaluation protocols and multiple site evaluations (environment X genotype studies) will provide important information on adaptability and cultivar performance and improved outreach to scientific community and producers.</li> <li>Through participation of a diversity of small fruit and viticulture researchers (breeders, geneticists, molecular biologists, pest management specialists, physiologists and horticulturists from industry, land grant colleges, and USDA in the US and Canada, a forum for multi-disciplinary idea exchange will occur for the discussion of current research topics, cross-exchange of scientific viewpoints and to offer training opportunities for graduate students.</li> </ul>   Ontario Development of a novel method for quantifying SWD in a monitoring program in stone fruit, grapes and berries and determination of impact of SWD on stone fruit and grape varieties. W. McFadden-Smith, OMAFRA; J. Renkema, AAFC; S. Chen, University of Guelph; J. Subramanian, University of Guelph.   Oregon Characterizing Willamette Valley Soil Moisture and Grapevine Response under Drying Seasonal Conditions Patricia A. Skinkis, Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, R. Paul Schreiner, USDA-ARS Horticulture Crops Research Lab, both members of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU. Data driven models for canopy temperature- based irrigation scheduling Completed Bradley A. King, Agricultural Engineer, USDA-ARS Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research; Krista C. Shellie, Research Horticulturist, USDA-ARS; David D. Tarkalson, Research Soil Scientist, USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research; Alexander Levin*, Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Southern Oregon Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University; Vivek Sharma, Assistant Professor, Precision Water Management, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences; David L. Bjorneberg, Supervisory Agricultural Engineer, USDA-ARS Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research; *member of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU. Efficacy of cultural practices for mitigating negative effects of Grapevine Red Blotch Disease in Oregon Pinot noir (In progress) Cody Copp (graduate student), Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University; Achala KC, Assistant Professor, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Southern Oregon Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University; and Alexander Levin*, Assistant Professor,  17 Department of Horticulture, Southern Oregon Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University; *member of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU. Exploring vineyard management practices to mitigate effects of Red Blotch Disease in Oregon’s Willamette Valley Patricia A. Skinkis*, Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, Justin Litwin (graduate student), Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Bob Martin*, USDA-ARS Horticulture Crops Research Lab, James Osborne*, Department of Food Science & Technology, and Alexander Levin*, Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University – Southern Oregon Research & Extension Center, *member of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU. Improving cool climate vineyard yield potential through pruning and nitrogen fertilization practices Patricia A. Skinkis,* Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, Miranda Ulmer (graduate student), Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, and R. Paul Schreiner*, USDA-ARS Horticulture Crops Research Lab, Corvallis, OR, all of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU. *member of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU. Re-evaluating pressure chamber methods of water status determination in field-grown grapevine (Vitis spp.) Completed Alexander Levin*, Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Southern Oregon Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University; *member of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU. Response of fruit growth and composition of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot noir to pre-and post veraison water deficits in a warm climate In progress Cody Copp (graduate student), Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University; Alexander Levin*, Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Southern Oregon Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University; *member of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU. Rootstock effects on mature Pinot noir growth and productivity under cool climate, dry-farmed conditions. Patricia A. Skinkis, Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR. Statewide Crop Load Project: Defining Yield Management Practices for Quality Pinot noir in Oregon Patricia A. Skinkis*, Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, James Osborne* and Elizabeth Tomasino*, Department of Food Science & Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, Katherine McLaughlin, Oregon State University, Corvallis, R. Paul Schreiner*, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR, Amelia Doyle, Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University. *member of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at Oregon State University.   Understanding symptomology and physiological effects of Red Blotch Disease in vineyards in Oregon’s Willamette Valley. Patricia A. Skinkis*, Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, Justin Litwin (graduate student), Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Bob Martin*, USDA-ARS Horticulture Crops Research Lab. *member of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU. Water deficits do not improve fruit quality in Grapevine Red Blotch Virus-infected grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) Completed Alexander Levin*, Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Southern Oregon Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University; Achala KC, Assistant Professor, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Southern Oregon Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University; *member of the Oregon Wine Research Institute at OSU   <h4>Ribes: </h4> N/A   <h4>Strawberry: </h4> Arkansas Row covers and planting date for strawberry production 2018-2020 (A. McWhirt). Strawberry IPM trials and pest management observations (Cato) Strawberry Variety Trial 2019-2020 (A. McWhirt) Virtual Strawberry Field walk hosted April 20th, 2020 (McWhirt, Cato) Florida Validation of a Florida warning system to control strawberry anthracnose fruit rot, Colletotrichum acutatum, for less reliance on fungicide sprays by Midwest strawberry growers.   Maine 2017 Prohexadion-calcium applications for matted row strawberries. University of Maine. Strawberry Integrated Pest Management Program. University of Maine.   Maryland Strawberry production in low tunnels. Kim Lewers, Dave Fliesher, Craig Daughtry, Brian Vineyard, USDA, Beltsville, MD.   New Hampshire Implementing off-season strawberry production and marketing using a long day cultivar with supplemental field lighting. Rutgers University. Altering current recommendations for fall nitrogen application and row cover management in annual strawberry plasticulture. Rutgers University. Advancing Strawberry Production in the Northeast. R.G. Sideman and K.M. Orde, University of NH, Durham NH; L. McDermott, Cornell Cooperative Extension, Hudson Falls NY; E Hodgdon, Cornell Cooperative Extension, Plattsburgh NY; D. Conner, University of VT, Burlington VT. Photoselective film, mulch color, and low tunnel effects on the day-neutral strawberry cv. Albion. K. Orde and B. Sideman, University of NH, Durham NH; K. Demchak and R. Marini, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA.   New York Effects of weather, farm location and management practices on flavor development in strawberry. Cornell University. Low tunnel cover effects on day neutral strawberries. Cornell University.   North Carolina Evaluation of weed and pathogen control efficacy of integrated methods (Steam, AITC, heat releasing substances) over different steam time exposure. M. Hoffmann, J. Neal, S. Fennimore, E Volk. NC State University. Impact of NO3 - NH4 ratio on flower production and daughter plant production in ever-bearing strawberry cultivars.IM. Hoffmann, B. Jackson, X. Shi. NC State University. Impact of pre-plant fertilizer Nitrogen rates on Nitrogen movement in soil, plant establishment and strawberry production. M. Hoffmann, B. Jackson, A Woodley, M. Schroeder-Moreno, A. Lay. NC State University. Impact of stolon removal rates on daughter plant production of ever-bearing strawberry cultivars. M. Hoffmann, R. Hernández, G. Fernandez, X. Shi. NC State University. Steam in combination with AITC as non-chemical alternative to MBM. Hoffmann, S. Fennimore. NC State University.   Ontario Efficacy of biopesticides and new miticides for cyclamen mite in strawberry. J. Renkema, AAFC; R. Hallett, University of Guelph. Strawberry Anthracnose Fruit Rot Model Adoption. E. Pate, OMAFRA, K. Schooley, Berry Growers of Ontario. Waiting bed plants for strawberry fruit production. E. Pate, OMAFRA; K. Schooley, Berry Growers of Ontario.   Oregon Current state of the strawberry industry in Oregon and grower needs assessment survey (in progress) Javier Fernandez-Salvador, Erica Chernoh, and Cora Bobo-Shisler, Oregon State University. Evaluation of low tunnels for season extension of fresh-market, day-neutral strawberries in Oregon’s Willamette Valley (study in progress) Javier Fernandez-Salvador, Erica Chernoh, and Cora Bobo-Shisler, Oregon State University. The relationship between fertilization practices, soil and plant nutrient status and yield in strawberry cultivars (in progress) Javier Fernandez-Salvador, Avery Pheil, Erica Chernoh. Oregon State University. Strawberry transplant production for early and late production in Oregon: effects of container size on cost, ease of planting and plant development (study in progress). Javier Fernandez-Salvador, Erica Chernoh, Tessa Barker (graduate student) and Steve Tao (undergraduate student), Oregon State University. Substrate strawberry production systems for fresh market in greenhouse elevated benches (preliminary study). Javier Fernandez-Salvador, Erica Chernoh, Avery Pheil Oregon State University.   Virginia Anaerobic soil disinfestation with different carbon dose rates mixed with yeast in annual hill plasticulture strawberry production. Authors. Danyang Liu, Jayesh B. Samtani, Charles S. Johnson, Jeffrey Derr, Virginia Tech, VA, and David Butler, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. Influence of bacterial endophyte inoculation on strawberry yield in annual hill plasticulture production. Authors. Robert Chretien1 , Sajeewa Amaradasa1 , Chuansheng Mei1 , Scott Lowman1 , The Institute for Advanced Learning and Research, Danville, VA; Jayesh Samtani and Danyang Liu, Virginia Tech, Virginia Beach, VA. To evaluate yield potential, season extension, and pest susceptibility of strawberry cultivars new to Virginia, in open field and high tunnel, in annual hill plasticulture production systems. Authors. Jayesh Samtani, Danyang Liu, Aman Rana, Virginia Tech, VA.   Washington Novel production systems for improved production and disease management in strawberry. L.W. DeVetter, C. Miles, X.M. Wang, L. Tymon, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA; S. Galinato, WSU, Pullman, WA; S. Jung, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. Planning grant: Implementation of new technologies and improved end-of-life management for sustainable use of agricultural plastics. L.W. DeVetter, C. Miles, D. Griffin LaHue, WSU, Mount Vernon, WA; M. Flury and G. Yorgey, Puyallup, WA; H. Liu, T. Marsh, K. Englund, S. Galinato, J. Goldberger, T. Chi, M. PerezGarcia, WSU, Pullman, WA; C. Benedict, WSU, Bellingham, WA; S. Agehara, UF, Wimauma, FL, M. Bolda, University of California Extension, L. McGowen, NC State, Raleigh, NC. <h4>Other small fruit crops:</h4> North Dakota Evaluation of SWD distribution and presence in small fruit somewhat unique to North Dakota. North Dakota University. General: British Columbia Development of Molecular Diagnostics for Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in BC: Dr. Tom Forge, Research Scientist, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Evaluating mass trapping as a tool for non-chemical spotted wing drosophila management: Allyson Kang, IPM Consultant, ES Cropconsult Ltd. Implementing Integrated Pest Management Practices on Small-Scale Farms: Marjolaine Dessureault, Research Director, ES Cropconsult Ltd. Improving establishment of blueberry and raspberry with non-traditional crop inputs: Dr. Eric Gerbrandt, Plant Scientist, Sky Blue Horticulture Ltd. Managing berry root health through pathogens characterization, developing screening methods, and exploring good management options: Dr. Rishi Burlakoti, Research Scientist, Agassiz Research and Development Centre (ARDC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Management of soil-borne pests and diseases in raspberry and strawberry: Dr. Eric Gerbrandt, Plant Scientist, Sky Blue Horticulture Ltd. Monitoring of arthropod pests in raspberry and blueberry germplasm: Dr. Michelle Franklin, Research Scientist, Agassiz Research and Development Centre (ARDC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Non-Chemical Vole Control in Berry Fields: Sofi Hindmarch, Project Coordinator, Fraser Valley Conservancy Maine Spotted-Wing Drosophila Survey. University of Maine. Tarnished Plant Bug Parasitism Survey. University of Maine. New Hampshire Feasibility of in-ground production of fig in USDA hardiness zone5B using various winter protection strategies. NH Agricultural Expt. Station, Hatch Project NH00685. R.G. Sideman, University of NH, Durham NH.     <h3>Objective 3 - Explore the association between fruit constituents and human health impacts.</h3>   <h4>Blackberry and Raspberry:</h4> <ol> <li>Explore the association between fruit constituents and human health impacts. Collaboration with Dr. Shetty to selectively modify and stimulate the phenolic profiles using system-based metabolic innovation and up-regulation of key defense related pathways to enhance both fruit quality and longevity during post-harvest stages for grape and blackberry.</li> </ol>   <h4>Blueberry & Huckleberry:</h4> NCSU. Characterized bioactive bio-accessibility in blueberry germplasm (Massimo Iorizzo in collaboration with Food Scientists and NCGR-OR). A high-throughput in vitro digestion model was developed and implemented for the first time to evaluate phenolic bioaccessibility in blueberry. Moderate genetic heritability for absolute and relative bioaccessibility was estimated for several phenolics. Acylated anthocyanin had significantly higher relative bioaccessibility. Relative and absolute bioaccessibility can be measured and used as phenotypic traits to improve delivery of phenolics in new blueberry cultivars (Molla et al., 2020b). <h4>Elderberry: NA</h4> <h4> </h4> <h4>Grapes: </h4> <ol start="1020314"> <li>Grapes: Effects of cultivar and training system on human health-beneficial phytochemicals in seedless table grape.NH Agricultural Expt. Station, Hatch Project Acc. No. 1020314.M. Lima, A.Chandrakala, M.K .Hanlon, and R.G. Sideman, University of NH, Durham NH.</li> </ol> <h4> </h4> <h4>Ribes: NA</h4>   <h4>Strawberry: </h4> USDA Beltsville. Strawberry: Title: Effects of low-tunnel production system on strawberry fruit constituents. TianbaoYang, Kim Lewers, Craig Daughtry, USDA-Beltsville Dissemination: Dong, W., Y. Lu, T. Yang, F. Trouth, K.S. Lewers, C.S. Daughtry, and Z.M. Cheng, 2019. Effect of Genotype and Plastic Film Type on Strawberry Fruit Quality and Post-Harvest Shelf Life. Int. J. Fruit Sci.https://doi.org/10.1080/15538362.2019.1673873Future plans:None3.   <h4>Other small fruit crops: NA</h4> <h4>General:</h4>

Publications

<h3>Journal Articles and Patents</h3>   Andrej W. Svyantek*, Elina D. Coneva, J. Raymond Kessler, James D. Spiers, Edgar L. Vinson III, A. Walker, and James A. Pitts. 2020. Assessment of Pierce’s Disease Resistant 87.5% Vitis vinifera L. Selections in Central Alabama. Catalyst Discovery Into Practice: <a href="https://www.asevcatalyst.org/content/early/2020/07/06/catalyst.2020.19008%204">https://www.asevcatalyst.org/content/early/2020/07/06/catalyst.2020.19008 4</a> Vinson, E.L. III*, Elina D. Coneva, Joseph M. Kemble, J. Raymond Kessler, Jr., Esendugue G. Fonsah, Penelope M. Perkins-Veazie, Floyd M. Woods and Jeff L. Sibley. 2020. Reflective Mulch Application and Cover Crop Usage to Stimulate Earlier Banana Flowering. J. Am. Pomological Society. 74(3): 169-179. Jacob T.K., J.D. Spiers, J. R. Kessler, Elina D. Coneva, and E.L. Vinson. 2020. Effect of hydrogen cyanimide on flower production of ‘AU Golden Sunshine’ and ‘AU Gulf Coast Gold’ kiwifruit. Journal of the American Pomological Society. (Accepted) Brown, A., M. Worthington, A. Varanasi, L. Nelson, R.T. Threlfall, and L.R. Howard. 2020. Estimation of additive and dominance effects of a mutant glutathione S-transferase gene on anthocyanin content in muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia). Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences. 21:15-22. 8  Bushakra, J.M., L.A. Alice, K.A. Carter, M. Dossett, J.C. Lee, A. Liston, R. Meiers, C. Mulch, A.M. Nyberg, M. Peterson, K.J. Vining, M.L. Worthington, M.H. Yin, B.L. Sutherland, J.D. Zurn, J.R. Clark, C.E. Finn, N.V. Bassil, K.E. Hummer. 2020. Status of Rubus germplasm at the US National Clonal Germplasm Repository in Corvallis, Oregon. Acta Hort. 1277:121-128. Clark, J.R., M. Worthington, and T. Ernst. 2019. ‘Caddo’ thornless blackberry. HortScience 54:1632–1636. Delić, D., M. Radulović, M. Vakić, A. Sunulahpa&scaron;ić, D.E.V. Villamor, and I.E. Tzanetakis. 2020. Raspberry leaf blotch emaravirus in Bosnia and Herzegovina: population structure and systemic movement. Mol. Biol. Rpt. 47:4891–4896 Delić, D., M. Radulović, M. Vakić, A. Sunulahpa&scaron;ić, D.E.V. Villamor, and I.E. Tzanetakis. 2020. First report of black currant reversion virus and gooseberry vein banding associated virus in currants in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Plant Dis.104:2036 Felts, M., R.T. Threlfall, J. Clark, and M. Worthington. 2020. Effects of harvest time (7:00 AM and 12:00 PM) on postharvest quality of Arkansas fresh-market blackberries. Acta Hort. 1277:477-486. Foster, T.M., N.V. Bassil, M. Dossett, M.L. Worthington, and J. Graham. 2019. Genetic and genomic resources for Rubus breeding: a roadmap for the future. Hort. Res. 6:1-9. Fuchs, M., C.V. Almeyda, M. Al Rwahnih, S.S. Atallah, E.J. Cieniewicz, K. Farrar, W.R. Foote, D.A. Golino, M.I. Gómez, S.J. Harper, M.K. Kelly, R.R. Martin, T. Martinson, F.M. Osman, K. Park, V. Scharlau, R. Smith, I.E. Tzanetakis, G. Vidalakis, and R. Welliver. 2020. Economic studies reinforce efforts to safeguard specialty crops in the United States. Plant Dis. In Press. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-20-1061-FE Lewter, J., M. Worthington, J.R. Clark, A.V. Varanasi, L. Nelson, C.L. Owens, P. Conner, G. Gunawan. 2019. High-density linkage maps and loci for berry color and flower sex in muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia). Theor. Appl. Genet. 132:1571–1585. Molina-Bravo, R., M. Worthington, and G.E. Fernandez. 2019. Advances and challenges in raspberry and blackberry breeding. In: Lang, G.A. (ed.). Achieving sustainable cultivation of temperate zone tree fruits and berries. Volume 2. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, Cambridge, UK. Spak. J., I. Koloniouk, and I.E. Tzanetakis. 2020. Graft-transmissible diseases of Ribes – pathogens, impact and control. Plant Dis. In Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-20-%200759-FE%209">https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-20- 0759-FE 9</a> Thekke-Veetil, T., T. Ho, J.D. Postman, and I.E. Tzanetakis. 2020. Comparative analysis of a new blackcurrant waikavirus with other members of the genus. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 175:59-64. Threlfall, R., J.R. Clark, A. Dunteman, and M. Worthington. 2020. Identifying marketable attributes of fresh-market blackberries through consumer sensory evaluations. HortScience. In Press. Threlfall, R.T., A. Dunteman, J. Clark, and M. Worthington. 2020. Using an online survey to determine consumer perceptions of fresh-market blackberries. Acta Hort. 1277:469-476. Worthington, M.L. and J.R. Clark. 2020. Development of blackberry cultivars with novel plant architecture. Acta Hort. 1277:159-164. Worthington, M.L., R. Aryal, N.V. Bassil, D. Mead, G.E. Fernandez, J.R. Clark, F. FernándezFernández, C.E. Finn, K.E. Hummer, and H. Ashrafi. 2020. Development of new genomic resources and tools for molecular breeding in blackberry. Acta Hort. 1277:39- 46. Zurn, J.D., M. Driskill, S. Jung, D. Main, M.H. Yin, M.C. Clark, L. Cheng, H. Ashrafi, R. Aryal, J.R. Clark, M. Worthington, C.E. Finn, C. Peace, A. Iezzoni, and N. Bassil. 2020. A Rosaceae family-level approach to identify loci influencing soluble solids content in blackberry for DNA-informed breeding. Genes Genet. Genomes. 10:3729-3740. Barbey, C.R., M. Hogshead, A.E. Schwartz, N. Mourad, S. Verma, S. Lee, V.M. Whitaker and K.M. Folta. 2020. The genetics of differential gene expression related to fruit traits in strawberry. Frontiers in Genetics 10:1317. Zingaretti, L.M., S.A. Gezan, L.F.V. Ferrao, L.F. Osorio, A. Monfort, P.R. Munoz, V.M. Whitaker and M. Perez-Encisio. 2020. Exploring deep learning for complex trait genomic prediction in polyploid outcrossing species. Frontiers in Genetics 11:25. Whitaker, V.M., S.J. Knapp, M.A. Hardigan, P.P Edger, J.P. Slovin, N.V. Bassil, T. Hytonen, K.K. Mackenzie, S. Lee, S. Jung, D. Main, C.R. Barbey and S. Verma. 2020. A roadmap for research in octoploid strawberry. Horticulture Research 7:1-17. Salinas, N., Z. 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Individual and combined use of sawdust and weed mat mulch in a new planting of northern highbush blueberry I. Impacts on plant growth and soil and canopy temperature. HortScience 55:1280-1287. Strik, B.C., A.J. Davis, and D.R. Bryla. 2020. Individual and combined use of sawdust and weed mat mulch in a new planting of northern highbush blueberry II. Nutrient uptake and allocation. HortScience 55:1614-1621. Strik, B.C., A.J. Vance, D.R. Bryla, and D.M. Sullivan. 2019. Organic production systems in northern highbush blueberry: II. Impact of planting method, cultivar, fertilizer, and mulch on leaf and soil nutrient concentrations and relationships with yield from planting through maturity. HortScience 54:1777-1794. Outstanding Fruit Publication Award, Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. Ulmer, M.R. and P.A. Skinkis. 2020. Cane- and spur-pruned Pinot noir results in similar fruitfulness, yield, and grape ripeness under cool climate conditions. Am. J Enol. Vitic. 4(1):10. Yang, F-H, D.R. Bryla, S.T. Orr, B.C. Strik, and Y. Zhao. 2020. Thermal cooling with overcanopy irrigation systems reduces heat damage and improves fruit quality in northern highbush blueberry. HortScience 55:1365-1371. Yang, F-H, D.R. Bryla, and B.C. Strik. 2019. Critical temperatures and heating times for fruit damage in northern highbush blueberry. HortScience 54:2231-2239. Yang, F-H, L. DeVetter, B.C. Strik, and D.R. Bryla. 2020. Stomatal functioning and its influence on fruit calcium in northern highbush blueberry. HortScience 55:96-102. Cramer, M.E., K. Demchak, R. Marini, and T. Leskey. 2019. UV-Blocking High Tunnel Plastics Reduce Japanese Beetle (Popillia japonica) in Red Raspberry. HortScience 54:903-909. Lewers, K.S., P. Castro, J.F. Hancock, C.K. Weebadde, J.V. Die, and J.L. Rowland, 2019. Evidence of epistatic suppression of repeat fruiting in cultivated strawberry. BMC plant biology, 19(1), p.386-403. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-019-1984-7 Lewers, K.S., M.J. Newell, E. Park, and Y. Luo. 2020. Consumer preference and physiochemical analyses of fresh strawberries from ten cultivars. Int. J. Fruit Sci. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/15538362.2020.1768617">https://doi.org/10.1080/15538362.2020.1768617</a> Lewers, K.S., J.M. Enns, and P. Castro. 2019. ‘Keepsake’ strawberry. HortScience 54(2):362-367. Lewers, K.S., D.H. Fleisher, C.S.T. Daughtry, and B.T. Vinyard. 2020. Low-tunnel strawberry production: Comparison of cultivars and films. Int. J. Fruit Sci. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/15538362.2020.1768616">https://doi.org/10.1080/15538362.2020.1768616</a> Dong, W., Y. Lu, T. Yang, F. Trouth, K.S. Lewers, C.S. Daughtry, and Z.M. Cheng, 2019. Effect of Genotype and Plastic Film Type on Strawberry Fruit Quality and Post-Harvest Shelf Life. Int. J. Fruit Sci. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/15538362.2019.1673873">https://doi.org/10.1080/15538362.2019.1673873</a> Bassil, N.V., Bidani, A., Nyberg, A.M., Hummer, K.E., Rowland, L.J. 2020. Microsatellite markers confirm identity of blueberry plants in the USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository collection. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 67:393-409. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-019-00873-8">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-019-00873-8</a>. Bassil, N.V., Zurn, J.D., Hummer, K.E., Hardigan, M.A., Knapp, S.J., Montanari, S.,Postman, J.D., Worthington, M., Clark, J.R., Ashrafi, H., Aryal, R., Dossett, M., Finn,C.E., Driskill, M.J., Mulch, C., Vining, K.J., Rapp, R., Ochsenfeld, C., Zhang, X., Poorten, T., Pham, G. 2020. Molecular characterization of caneberries, strawberries, pear, mint and hops at the Corvallis genebank. Abstract for American Society for Horticultural Science Conference, August 9-13, 2020, Orlando, FL Hummer, K.E., Bushakra, J.M. 2020. Recent acquisitions of Rubus L. at the USDA National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, Oregon: profiles of four species. Acta Horticulturae. 1277:33-38. <a href="https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1277.5">https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1277.5</a>. Hummer, K.E., Postman, J. 2020. Guardians of the germplasm: hazelnuts, berries, pears, hops, and mint. Journal of American Pomological Society. 74(2):104-110. Willman, M., Bushakra, J.M., Bassil, N.V., Finn, C.E., Dossett, M., Fernandez, G., Weber, C., Scheerens, J., Dunlap, L., Fresnedo-Ramirez, J. 2020. Genetic analysis of drupelet count in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis). Acta Horticulturae. 1277:65-72. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1277.9. Zurn, J.D., Ivors, K.L., Cole, G.S., Knapp, S.J., Hummer, K.E., Hancock, J.F., Finn, C.E., Bassil, N.V. 2020. Assessing cultivated strawberries and the Fragaria Supercore for resistance to soilborne pathogens. Journal of American Pomological Society. 74(1):18-23. Carter, K., J.D. Zurn., N.V. Bassil, C.E. Finn, and K.E. Hummer. 2019. The importance of being 'Boysen': examining genotypic variation with simple sequence repeat markers. J. Amer. Pomol. Soc. 73:47-52. Castillejo, C., V. Waurich, H. Wagner, R. Ramos, N. Oiza, P. Muñoz, J.C. Triviño, J. Caruana, Z. Liu, N. Cobo, M.A. Hardigan, S. Knapp, J.G. Vallarino, S. Osorio, C. Martín-Pizarro, D. Pose, T. Toivainen, T. Hytonen, Y. Oh, C.R. Barbey, V.M. Whitaker, S. Lee, K. Olbricht, J.F. Sánchez-Sevilla, and I. Amaya. 2020. Allelic Variation of MYB10 is the Major Force Controlling Natural Variation of Skin and Flesh Color in Strawberry (Fragaria spp.) fruit. Plant Cell tpc.00474.2020. doi:10.1105/tpc.20.00474. Moore, P.P., W. Hoashi-Erhardt, C.E. Finn, R.R. Martin, and M. Dossett. 2019. ‘WSU 2166’ red raspberry. HortScience 54:564-4567. Mulch, C., N.V. Bassil, C.E. Finn, M. Dossett, and K.J. Vining. Development of a robust RNA extraction protocol for black raspberry. Acta Hort. 1277:113-120. Farneti, B., F. Emanuelli, L. Giongo, P. Toivonen, M. Iorizzo, K. Folta, and C. Finn. Editorial: interdisciplinary approaches to improve quality of soft fruit berries. Frontiers Plant Sci. 11: article number 592222. Feldmann, M.J., M.A. Hardigan, R.A. Famula, C.M. López, A. Tabb, G.S. Cole, and S.J. Knapp. 2020. Multi-dimensional machine learning approaches for fruit shape phenotyping in strawberry. Gigascience 9. doi:10.1093/gigascience/giaa030. Finn, C.E. 2019. United States Plant Patent Number 30,062. Blackberry plant named ‘Galaxy’. Finn, C.E. 2019.United States Plant Patent Number 30,063. Blackberry plant named ‘Hall’s Beauty’. Finn, C.E. 2019. United States Plant Patent Number 30,448. Blackberry plant named ‘Eclipse’. Finn, C.E. 2019. United States Plant Patent Number 30,879. Blackberry plant named ‘Twilight’. Finn, C.E., B.C. Strik, T.A. Mackey, P.A. Jones, N.V. Bassil, and R.R. Martin. 2019. ‘Echo’ ornamental reflowering blueberry. HortScience 54:368-370. Finn, C.E., B.C. Strik, B.M. Yorgey, M.E. Peterson, P.A. Jones, J. Lee, N.V. Bassil, and R.R. Martin. 2019. ‘Hall’s Beauty’ thornless trailing blackberry. HortScience 54:371-376. Finn, C.E., M.E. Peterson, J.R. Clark, G.E. Fernandez, H.K. Hall, M.L. Worthington. 2020. Merging blackberry germplasm pools and moving previously unutilized species into commercially viable selections. Acta Hort. 1277:47-54. Hardigan, M.A., M.J. Feldmann, A. Lorant, K.A. Bird, R. Famula, C. Acharya, G. Cole, P.P. Edger, and S.J. Knapp. 2020. Genome synteny has been conserved among the octoploid progenitors of cultivated strawberry over millions of years of evolution. Front. Plant Sci. 10:1789. doi:doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01789. Hon, T., K. Mars, G. Young, Y.-C. Tsai, J.W. Karalius, J.M. Landolin, N. Maurer, D. Kudrna, M.A. Hardigan, and C.C. Steiner. 2020. Highly accurate long-read HiFi sequencing data for five complex genomes. bioRxiv. Pincot, D.D.A., M.A. Hardigan, G.S. Cole, R.A. Famula, P.M. Henry, T.R. Gordon, and S.J. Knapp. Accuracy of genomic selection and long‐term genetic gain for resistance to Verticillium wilt in strawberry. Plant Genome e20054. Samtani, J.B., C.R. Rom, H. Friedrich, S.A. Fenimore, C.E. Finn, A. Petran, R.W. Wallace, M.P. Pritts, G. Fernandez, C. Chase, C. Kubota, and B. Bergefurd. 2019. The status and future of the strawberry industry in the U.S. HortTechnology 29:11-24. Zurn, J.D. R. Meiers, J. Ward, C.E. Finn, M. Dossett, and N.V. Bassil. 2020. Identifying variation in red raspberry MLO genes thought to provide resistance to powdery mildew. Acta Hort. 1277:25-32. Black, B.L., T. Maughan, C. Nolasco and B. Christensen. 2019. High tunnels advance primocane raspberry production in a high elevation cold climate. HortScience 54(3): 476-479. Hansen, S., B. Black, D. Alston T. Lindstrom and S. Olsen. A comparison of nine primocane-fruiting raspberry cultivars for suitability in a high elevation arid climate. Intl. J. Fruit Science. In review Flanagan III, R, J.B. Samtani, M. A. Manchester, S. Romelcyzk, C.S. Johnson, W. Lawrence, and J. Pattison. 2020. On-farm evaluation of strawberry cultivars in coastal Virginia. HortTechnology, https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH04616-20 Samtani, J, S. Das*, and J. Rajevich. 2020. Evaluating supplementary nutrients to improve strawberry fruit quality and yield. International Journal of Fruit Science, 20:1029-1038. Liu, D., J.B. Samtani, C. Johnson, D. Butler, and J. Derr. 2020. “Weed control assessment of various carbon sources for anaerobic soil disinfestation”. International Journal of Fruit Science, 20:1005-1018. Zhang, H., C. Miles, M. Flury, H. Liu, and L.W. DeVetter. 2020. Soilbiodegradable plastic mulches undergo minimal in-soil degradation in a perennial raspberry system after 18 months. Horticulturae. 6(3). doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae6030047. Zhang, H., C. Miles, S. Ghimire, C. Benedict, I. Zasada, H. Liu, and L.W. DeVetter. 2020. Plastic mulches improved plant growth and suppressed weeds in late summer-planted floricane raspberry. HortScience 55:565–572. Gan, W., H. Zhang, N. Bostan, and L.W. DeVetter. 2020. Pollen germination and growth rates differ among cultivars of northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum). Journal of the American Pomological Society 74: 66-75. Zhang, H., L.W. DeVetter, E. Scheenstra, and L.W. DeVetter. 2020. Weed pressure, yield, and adhesion of soil-biodegradable mulches with pie pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo). HortScience. 55: 1014–1021. Alegea, F.P., G.J. Miitoa, L.W. DeVetter, H. Tao, and P.M. Ndegwa. 2020. effects of blending dairy manure compost and canola meal on pellets quality and nutrients concentrations. Journal of Cleaner Production. In press. Rudolph, L.W., I.A. Zasada, C. Hesse, and L.W. DeVetter. 2020. Effects of annual and perennial alleyway cover crops on physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil quality in Pacific Northwest red raspberry. HortScience 55:344- 352.   <h3>Presentations and Proceedings</h3> Bassil, N.V., Zurn, J.D., Hummer, K.E., Hardigan, M.A., Knapp, S.J., Montanari, S.,Postman, J.D., Worthington, M., Clark, J.R., Ashrafi, H., Aryal, R., Dossett, M., Finn,C.E., Driskill, M.J., Mulch, C., Vining, K.J., Rapp, R., Ochsenfeld, C., Zhang, X., Poorten, T., Pham, G. 2020. Molecular characterization of caneberries, strawberries, pear, mint and hops at the Corvallis genebank. Abstract for American Society for Horticultural Science Conference, August 9-13, 2020, Orlando, FL   Bushakra, J.M., L.A. Alice, K.A. Carter, M. Dossett, J.C. Lee, A. Liston, R. Meiers, C. Mulch, A.M. Nyberg, M. Peterson, K.J. Vining, M.L. Worthington, M.H. Yin, B.L. Sutherland, J.D. Zurn, J.R. Clark, C.E. Finn, N.V. Bassil, K.E. Hummer. 2020. Status of Rubus germplasm at the US National Clonal Germplasm Repository in Corvallis, Oregon. Acta Hort. 1277:121-128.   Chacon, J.G.1, Olukolu, B., Iorrizo, M., Louws, F.J. & Fernandez, G.Genome Wide Association Studies in an Octoploid Strawberry Biparental Population Discover QTLs for Hemibiotrophic and Necrotrophic Infection Resistance to Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporioides. NAPB annual meeting. Aug 2020.   Durner, E.F. 2019. Enhancing Fall Strawberry Production Using Inexpensive Light Strings. Southeastern Strawberry Expo, Raleigh, NC, November 8, 2019.   Durner, E.F. 2019. Fall Strawberries and Goldenberries: Alternative Annual Fruits for New Jersey Growers. 2019 New Jersey Agricultural Convention and Trade Show (NJ ACTS) and New Jersey Vegetable Growers Meeting. Harrah;s Resort Hotel Convention Center, Atlantic City, New Jersey, February 5, 2019.   Durner, E.F. 2019. Goldenberries: A New Superfruit for North America. 2019 Mid-Atlantic Fruit and Vegetable Convention, Hershey, Pennsylvania, January 31, 2019.   Durner, E.F. 2019. Strawberry Flower Mapping: Understanding Plant Development and Its Effect on Yield. 2019 Mid-Atlantic Fruit and Vegetable Convention, Hershey, Pennsylvania, January 31, 2019.   Durner, E.F. 2019. Strawberry Flowering Physiology and Things You Need To Know About It. Southeastern Strawberry Expo, Raleigh, NC, November 7, 2019.   Durner, E.F. 2020. Enhancing Fall “Albion” Strawberry Production. 2020 New Jersey Agricultural Convention and Trade Show (NJ ACTS) and New Jersey Vegetable Growers Meeting. Harrah;s Resort Hotel Convention Center, Atlantic City, New Jersey, February 5, 2020.   Durner, E.F. 2020. Enhancing Fall ‘Albion’ Strawberry Production With Holiday Light Strings. North Jersey Commercial Vegetable Growers Meeting, Flemington, NJ. February 26, 2020.   Durner, E.F. 2020. Enhancing Fall ‘Albion’ Strawberry Production with Inexpensive Field Lighting_Does It Really Work? 2020 Mid-Atlantic Fruit and Vegetable Convention, Hershey, Pennsylvania, January 30, 2020.   Durner, E.F. 2020. Growing Goldenberries. 2020 New Jersey Agricultural Convention and Trade Show (NJ ACTS) and New Jersey Vegetable Growers Meeting. Harrah;s Resort Hotel Convention Center, Atlantic City, New Jersey, February 5, 2020.   Durner, E.F. 2020. Growing Goldenberries. North Jersey Commercial Vegetable Growers Meeting, Flemington, NJ. February 26, 2020.   Espe, A. C. Auwarter, and H. Hatterman-Valenti. (2019). Organic versus conventional production of primocane blackberries in North Dakota. North American Raspberry and Blackberry Conference, Savanna, GA Jan. 9-11, 2019.   Espe, A. D. Sarkar, H. Hatterman-Valenti, and K. Shetty. (2019). Phenolic antioxidant-linked anti-diabetic properties of blackberry cultivars using rapid in vitro assay models. North American Raspberry and Blackberry Conference, Savanna, GA Jan. 9-11, 2019.   Espe, A. D. Sarkar, H. Hatterman-Valenti, and K. Shetty. (2019). Phenolic antioxidant-linked anti-diabetic properties of serviceberry cultivars and accessions using rapid in vitro assay models. North American Raspberry and Blackberry Conference, Savanna, GA Jan. 9-11, 2019.   Espe, A. D. Sarkar, H. Hatterman-Valenti, and K. Shetty. (2019). Phenolic bioactive-linked type 2 diabetes relevant functionalities and blackberry ripeness. XII Rubus & Ribes Symposium, International Society Horticulture Science, Zurich, SZ, June 25-28, 2019.   Espe, A. D. Sarkar, H. Hatterman-Valenti, and K. Shetty. (2019). Phenolic bioactives in unripe and ripe blackberry fruits targeted for type 2 diabetes using in vitro assay models. XII Rubus & Ribes Symposium, International Society Horticulture Science, Zurich, SZ, June 25-28, 2019.   Felts, M., R.T. Threlfall, J. Clark, and M. Worthington. 2020. Effects of harvest time (7:00 AM and 12:00 PM) on postharvest quality of Arkansas fresh-market blackberries. Acta Hort. 1277:477-486.   Finn, C.E., M.E. Peterson, J.R. Clark, G.E. Fernandez, H.K. Hall, and M.L. Worthington. 2020. Merging blackberry germplasm pools and moving previously unutilized species into commercially viable selections. Acta Hort. 1277:47-54.   Hatterman-Valenti, H., A. Espe, J. Stenger, and C. Auwarter. (2019). Primocane blackberry cultivar response to pseudo double-cropping. XII Rubus & Ribes Symposium, International Society Horticulture Science, Zurich, SZ, June 25-28, 2019.   Hatterman-Valenti, H., J. Stenger, A. Svyantek, N. Theisen, R. Ibrahim, C. Auwarter. (2019). Delayed Pruning Does Little to Mitigate Risk of Late Spring Frost in North Dakota Grown Cold-Hardy Grapevine Cultivars. American Society for Enology and Viticulture – Eastern Section 44rd Annual Conference, July 16-18, 2019, Geneva, NY.   Hatterman-Valenti, H. and A. Svyantek. (2019). North Dakota State University Grape Germplasm Enhancement Project. North American Grape Breeders Conference. Aug. 15- 16, 2019, Springfield, MO.   Hummer, K.E., Bushakra, J.M. 2020. Recent acquisitions of Rubus L. at the USDA National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, Oregon: profiles of four species. Acta Horticulturae. 1277:33-38. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1277.5.   Iorizzo M, Lila MA, Perkins-Veazie P, Pottorff M, Finn C, Vorsa N, Edger P, Bassil N, Munoz P, Zalapa J, Gallardo KR, Atucha A, Main D, Giongo L, Li C, Polashock J, Sims C, Canales E, DeVetter L, Chagne D, Espley R and Coe M. VacciniumCAP, a community-based project to develop advanced genetic tools to improve fruit quality in blueberry and cranberry. XXVII Plant & Animal Genome, January 11-15, 2020, San Diego, California, USA.   Lachowitzer, J., A. Svyantek, J. Stenger, and H.Hatterman-Valenti. (2019). Yeast influenced on ‘Petite Pearl’ and ‘Crimson Pearl’ wine sensory attributes. American Society for Enology and Viticulture – Eastern Section 44rd Annual Conference, July 16-18, 2019, Geneva, NY.   Lewers, K.S. (2017). Low tunnels for strawberry production. Mid-Atlantic Fruit and Vegetable Convention. Feb. 2, 2017, Hershey, PA.   Lewers, K.S. (2017). What makes low tunnels work? 2017 Grower Client Meeting, Bob Rouse Agriculturalist, LLC, Nov. 28, 2017, Denton, MD.   Lewers, K.S. (2018). Growing Great Strawberries in the Mid-Atlantic. 2018 CASA Future Harvest Conference, Jan. 11, 2018, Hyattsville, MD.   Lewers, K.S. (2018). New Varieties - Review of Releases from Various Programs. Standouts from each. 2018 North American Strawberry Growers Association Meeting, Jan. 22, 2018, New Orleans, LA.   Lewers, K.S. (2018). What makes low tunnels work? Mid-Atlantic Strawberry Association, Feb. 27, 2018.  Virginia Beach, VA.   Lewers, K.S. (2018). Wye and USDA updates. Grower Client Meeting, Bob Rouse Agriculturalist, LLC, Nov. 27, 2018, Denton, MD.   Lewers, K.S. (2019). Beltsville update. 2019 Grower Client Meeting, Bob Rouse Agriculturalist, LLC., Dec. 2, 2019, Denton, MD.   Lewers, K.S. (2019). Cover crops in strawberry production at the 2019 Northeast Cover Crop Council Conference, Nov. 7, 2019. College Park, MD.   Lewers, K.S. (2019). Developing strawberry cultivars with improved fruit quality. 2019 North American Strawberry Symposium, Feb. 4, 2019, Orlando, FL.   Lewers, K.S. (2019). Putting flavor and disease resistance first in a strawberry breeding program. 2019 Mid-Atlantic Fruit and Vegetable Convention, Jan 31, 2019, Hershey, PA.   Lewers, K.S. (2019). Strawberry Cultivars and Production Options at the UMD MidAtlantic Crop Management School, Nov. 19, 2019, Ocean City, MD.   Lewers, K.S. (2019). Strawberry cultivars and production practices for the MidAtlantic. 16th Annual Small Farm Conference, UMD Eastern Shore Extension Demonstration Farm, Nov. 2, 2019, Princess Anne, MD.   Lewers, K.S. (2019). UMD and USDA focus on strawberry flavor. Bay Area Fruit Meeting, Feb. 22, 2019, Queenstown, MD.   Lewers, K.S. (2019). Update from the USDA-strawberry breeding program at Beltsville. UMD Wye Research Center Strawberry Twilight Meeting, May 22, 2019, Queenstown, MD.   Lewers, K.S. (2020). Introducing the New Strawberry Keepsake. 2020 North American Strawberry Growers Association Meeting. San Antonio, TX. Lewers, K.S. 01/13/2020 Strawberry variety testing and quality evaluation and the strawberry breeding program at USDA, Beltsville. Delaware Ag Week – Fruit Session, Jan. 20, 2020, Harrington, DE.   Lewers, K.S. (2020). New cultivars and low-tunnel films × cultivar interactions. UMd Western Maryland Research and Education Center, Feb. 13, 2020, Keedysville, MD   Lewers, K.S. (2020). New USDA strawberry cultivar and low-tunnel tips. Mid-Atlantic Strawberry Association, Mar. 3, 2020. Virginia Beach, VA.   Lewers, K.S. (2020). Winning combinations of dayneutral cultivars and low-tunnel films. 2020 North American Strawberry Growers Association Meeting, Jan. 21, 2020. San Antonio, TX.   Lima M, RG Sideman, A Chandrakala, and MK Hanlon. 2020. From harvest to consumer: Are grape’s health-beneficial properties modified with time in storage? Nutrition 2020 Conference. June, 2020.   Mulch, C., N.V. Bassil, C.E. Finn, M. Dossett, and K.J. Vining. Development of a robust RNA extraction protocol for black raspberry. Acta Hort. 1277:113-120.   Perkins-Veazie, P., Trandel, M. A., Fernandez, G. A Rapid Method for Estimating Titratable Acidity in Tomato and Small Fruits . 2019. ASHS Conference Proceedings, 54: S212 (abstract). <a href="https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/54/9S/hortsci.54.issue9S.xml">https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/54/9S/hortsci.54.issue9S.xml</a>   Stenger, J. and H. Hatterman-Valenti. (2019). Weed management options in cold hardy grapes. 72nd Annual Conference of the Western Society of Weed Science (WSWS) Denver, CO, Mar. 11-14, 2019.   Svyantek, A. and H. Hatterman-Valenti. (2019). Viticulture practices geared towards improving fruit quality. Montana Grape and Winery Association 5th Annual Meeting and Conference, Mar. 21-23, 2019, Helena, MT.   Svyantek, A. J. Stenger, C. Auwarter, N. Theisen, M. Brooke, and H. Hatterman-Valenti. (2019). Leaf removal practices alter cluster morphology and soluble solid content of North Dakota grown ‘Marquette’. American Society for Enology and Viticulture – Eastern Section 44rd Annual Conference, July 16-18, 2019, Geneva, NY.   Svyantek, A., J. Stenger, I. Tatar, N. Thiesen, C. Auwarter, H. Hatterman-Valenti. (2019). Growth Chamber Analysis of Dormancy Acclimation Response of NDSU Grape Germplasm. American Society for Enology and Viticulture- Annual Conference. Napa, CA   Svyantek, A., J. Stenger, N. Thiesen, I. Tatar, M. Brooke, Z. Rivera, C. Auwarter, H. HattermanValenti. (2019). Improving Fruit Quality in Cool-Climate Viticulture Under Inclement Environmental Conditions. Food for Health Workshop. Hunan Agricultural University. Changsha, Hunan. China.   Threlfall, R.T., A. Dunteman, J. Clark, and M. Worthington. 2020. Using an online survey to determine consumer perceptions of fresh-market blackberries. Acta Hort. 1277:469-476.   Willman, M., Bushakra, J.M., Bassil, N.V., Finn, C.E., Dossett, M., Fernandez, G., Weber, C., Scheerens, J., Dunlap, L., Fresnedo-Ramirez, J. 2020. Genetic analysis of drupelet count in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis). Acta Horticulturae. 1277:65-72. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1277.9.   Worthington, M.L., R. Aryal, N.V. Bassil, D. Mead, G.E. Fernandez, J.R. Clark, F. FernándezFernández, C.E. Finn, K.E. Hummer, and H. Ashrafi. 2020. Development of new genomic resources and tools for molecular breeding in blackberry. Acta Hort. 1277:39- 46.   Worthington, M.L. and J.R. Clark. 2020. Development of blackberry cultivars with novel plant architecture. Acta Hort. 1277:159-164.   Zurn, J.D., Meiers, R.C., Ward, J., Finn, C.E., Dossett, M., Bassil, N.V. 2020. Identifying variation in red raspberry MLO genes thought to provide resistance to powdery mildew. Acta Horticulturae. 1277:25-32. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1277.4.     <h3>Books (including chapters)</h3> Molina-Bravo, R., M. Worthington, and G.E. Fernandez. 2019. Advances and challenges in raspberry and blackberry breeding. In: Lang, G.A. (ed.). Achieving sustainable cultivation of temperate zone tree fruits and berries. Volume 2. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, Cambridge, UK.   <h3>Theses</h3> Shi, X. 2020: Master Thesis: Impact of Stolon Removal Intervals and Nitrogen Source Ratios on Propagation of Long-day Strawberries (Fragaria ×ananassa 'Albion') in Soilless Greenhouse and Controlled Environment Systems - NCS State University (Advisor: Mark Hoffmann)   Bhasin, A. 2020. Evaluating organic nitrogen fertilizer sources, rates, and timing in northern highbush blueberry grown in high pH soils of eastern Washington. MS Thesis, Washington State University, Pullman, WA.   Zhang, H. 2020. Tissue culture red raspberry production systems with plastic mulches. PhD Dissertation, Washington State University, Pullman, WA.   <h3>Extension Publications</h3> E.Coneva.Novel grape varieties: https://www.thepacker.com/article/novelty-grapes-among-24-varieties-new-plus   <ol> <li>Coneva. New Large-Fruited Blueberry Cultivars Evaluation: Alabama IPM Communicator Newsletter Volume 11, Issue 10, May 15, 2020: https://www.aces.edu/blog/topics/crop-production/new-blueberry-varieties-being-tested-for-alabama-growers/</li> </ol>   <ol> <li>Coneva. ACES Your Friday -Dayli Briefing May 29, 2020: https://www.aces.edu/blog/topics/crop-production/time-to-watch-out-for-japanese-beetle/</li> </ol>   <ol> <li>Coneva. ACES Your Friday -Dayli Briefing May 29, 2020: https://www.aces.edu/blog/topics/crop-production/mummy-berry-blueberry/</li> </ol>   <ol> <li>Coneva. May 29: IPM Communicator Vol. 11, Issue 11: https://www.aces.edu/blog/topics/crop-production/time-to-watch-out-for-japanese-beetle/</li> </ol>   <ol> <li>Coneva.May 29: IPM Communicator Vol. 11, Issue 11: https://www.aces.edu/blog/topics/crop-production/mummy-berry-blueberry/</li> </ol>   <ol> <li>Coneva. AL IPM Communicator, Volume 11, Issue 14: Grape root borer: <a href="https://www.aces.edu/blog/topics/crop-production/grape-root-borer/">https://www.aces.edu/blog/topics/crop-production/grape-root-borer/</a></li> </ol>   <ol> <li>Coneva. IPM article: Alabama IPM Communicator Newsletter Volume 11, Issue 17 <a href="https://www.aces.edu/blog/topics/crop-production/yield-and-fruit-quality-of-pierces-disease-resistant-grapes-in-alabama/">https://www.aces.edu/blog/topics/crop-production/yield-and-fruit-quality-of-pierces-disease-resistant-grapes-in-alabama/</a></li> </ol>   <ol> <li>Coneva. CAESWEB SR SFC Newsletter October 15 Vol 20 No. 4 Fall issue: https://smallfruits.org/2020/10/assessment-of-pierces-disease-resistant-predominantly-european</li> </ol>   Nonnecke G. R. and J. Schrader. 2020. Impact of minimum winter temperatures on the growth of winegrape cultivars and advanced selections. Iowa State University Research and Demonstration Farms Progress Reports2019-36, p. 23-24. RFR-A1928: Available online: (<a href="https://www.iastatedigitalpress.com/farmreports/article/id/11321/">https://www.iastatedigitalpress.com/farmreports/article/id/11321/</a>)   Stafne, E.T. 2020. Fruit and Nut Review: Blackberries. MSU-ES 1444. (revision) <a href="http://extension.msstate.edu/publications/information-sheets/fruit-and-nutreview-blackberries">http://extension.msstate.edu/publications/information-sheets/fruit-and-nutreview-blackberries</a>   Oliver, J. et al. (eds.). 2020. Southeast Regional Caneberries Integrated Management Guide. Univ. Georgia Bull. 47 https://smallfruits.org/files/2020/01/2020- Caneberry-Spray-Guide.pdf (section editor)   Stafne, E.T. 2020. White Drupelet Disorder in Blackberries: Knowns and More Unknowns. Small Fruit News 20(3): https://smallfruits.org/category/small-fruitnews/.   Stafne, E.T. 2020. Some Vineyard Tasks to Prepare for Winter. Small Fruit News 20(4): <a href="https://smallfruits.org/2020/10/some-vineyard-tasks-to-prepare-forwinter/">https://smallfruits.org/2020/10/some-vineyard-tasks-to-prepare-forwinter/</a>.   Sideman RG. 2020. Extension Research Report: Seedless table grape variety & training system evaluation, 2019. Sideman RG. Available at: <a href="https://extension.unh.edu/resources/files/Resource007159_Rep10342.pdf">https://extension.unh.edu/resources/files/Resource007159_Rep10342.pdf</a>.   A goldenberry fact sheet is available from: <a href="https://projects.sare.org/information-product/goldenberry-fact-sheet/">https://projects.sare.org/information-product/goldenberry-fact-sheet/</a>   Pritts, M.P and T.M. Sjulin. 2019. Strawberries: A case study of how evolving market expectations impact sustainability. In: Lang, G. A. (ed.), Achieving sustainable cultivation of temperate zone tree fruits and berries Volume 2: Case studies, Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, Cambridge, UK.     Guidelines for PYO farms (https://smallfarms.cornell.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2020/05/Cornell-U-Pick-Best-Practices-COVID-19.pdf)   Guidelines for agritourism (<a href="https://smallfarms.cornell.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2020/09/Cornell-Agritoursim-BMPs-COVID.pdf">https://smallfarms.cornell.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2020/09/Cornell-Agritoursim-BMPs-COVID.pdf</a>)   McWhirt, A., G. Fernandez, M. Schroeder-Moreno, M. Hoffmann. 2020. Sustainable Practices for Plasticulture Strawberry Production in the South. AG-796. https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/sustainable-practices-for-plasticulture-strawberry-production-in-the-south   Hoffmann, M., Volk, E., and Peres, N.. 2020. Hurricane Preparation and Recovery Guide for North Carolina Strawberry Plasticulture Producers. In: State Report Guidelines - Suggested Format/Content NCCC-212 McNulty, Steven; Gavazzi, Michael; Matchett, Karin, eds. Hurricane preparation and recovery in the Southeastern United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-xxx. Asheville, NC: USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station.   Hoffmann, M., Conner, P., Brannen, P., Burrack, H., Mitchem, W., Cline, B., Perkins-Veazie, P. and Poling, B. 2020. Muscadine production guide for the Southeast (Hoffmann, Hickey, Burrack (edts)) 36pp. (<a href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/muscadine-grape-production-guide">https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/muscadine-grape-production-guide</a>.)   Lukas, S. B., Clark, L., Davis, A. J., Sanchez, D. M., & Brewer, L. J. (2020). Nonlethal bird deterrent strategies in fruit crop production. EM 9286. OSU Extension. (<a href="https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/em9286">https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/em9286</a>)   Skinkis, P., J. Pscheidt, A KC, M. Moretti, V. Walton, and C. Kaiser. 2020. Pest management guide for wine grapes in Oregon. Oregon State University Extension Publishing. EM 8413.   Skinkis, P., V. Walton, J. DeFrancesco, B. Edmunds and N. Bell. 2020. “Grape Pests” In Pacific Northwest Insect Pest Management Handbook. Pacific Northwest Extension Publishing.   Strik, B, E. Dixon, A.J. Detweiler, and N. Sanchez. 2020. Growing Blackberries in Your Home Garden: Willamette Valley – Southern Oregon – Central Oregon – Eastern Oregon. EC 1303. September 2020   Strik, B, E. Dixon, A.J. Detweiler, and N. Sanchez. 2020. Growing Raspberries in Your Home Garden: Willamette Valley – Southern Oregon – Central Oregon – Eastern Oregon. EC 1306. August 2020   Strik, B, E. Dixon, A.J. Detweiler, E. Chernoh, and N. Sanchez. 2020. Growing Strawberries in Your Home Garden: Willamette Valley – Southern Oregon – Central Oregon – Eastern Oregon. EC 1307. July 2020   Hansen, S., B. Black, D. Alston, T. Lindstrom, T. Maughan and S. Olsen. Selecting summer-bearing raspberry cultivars for Northern Utah. USU Extension - In review.   Schumm, Z.R., M. C. Holthouse, D. Alston and L. Spears. 2019. Common Stink Bugs of Utah, USU Extension, pub. ENT-209-19.   Schumm, Z.R., M. C. Holthouse, Y. Mizuno, D. Alston and L. Spears. 2019. Parasitoid Wasps of the Invasive Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in Utah USU Extension, pub. ENT-198-19.   Maughan, T., B. Black, S. Yao and R. Flynn. 2019. Strawberry cultivars for the Intermountain West – research report. USU Extension, Horticulture/Fruit/2019-01.   Maughan, T., B. Black and D. Rowley. 2019. High tunnel strawberry production for early spring harvest. USU Extension, Horticulture/HighTunnel/2019-01pr.   Black, B. and T. Maughan. 2019. High tunnels for earlier production of fall (primocane) raspberries. USU Extension, Horticulture/HighTunnel/2019-02pr.   Maughan, T., B. Black and D. Rowley. 2019. High tunnel strawberry production for late fall harvest. USU Extension, Horticulture/HighTunnel/2019-03.   Christman, J. and J.B. Samtani. 2019. A survey of strawberry production practices in Virginia. Virginia Cooperative Extension Publication, SPES-150P.     <h3>Online Education</h3>   Grower course for blueberry production physiology through OSU PACE (https://workspace.oregonstate.edu/course/online-blueberry-physiology-production-systemsmanagement ) by Strik et al. (offered twice per year, non-credit).   Strik, B. 2020 - onwards. Pruning and training modules (individually) for blueberries, kiwifruit, table grapes, blackberries, and raspberries. 1.25 to 2.5 hours of on-line education, per crop for a home garden and small farmer audience. Through OSU PACE (https://workspace.oregonstate.edu/course/pruning-series ) by Strik (self-paced, available all year)   OSU Extension Principles of Vineyard Management online class, Spring 2020 (https://extension.oregonstate.edu/events/principles-vineyard-management) by Skinkis (offered once per year, non-credit)   Oregon Wine Research Institute is a research cooperative at Oregon State University and includes the Viticulture and Enology Research and Extension programs. The Institute has a website where program information and industry outreach are available. (<a href="http://owri.oregonstate.edu">http://owri.oregonstate.edu</a>)   Oregon State University Extension Wine Grape Webpages includes technical information for wine grape growers and wineries in Oregon and the Pacific Northwest. Wine grape production (https://extension.oregonstate.edu/crop-production/wine-grapes) and wine production (https://extension.oregonstate.edu/food/wine-beer) content are available.   Spotted Wing Drosophila Website – c.a. 98,546 page views/year for past two years, visitors from 50 countries: https://spottedwing.org/   BMSB: https://agsci.oregonstate.edu/bmsb/brown-marmorated-stink-bug   Honey Bee Lab Website: https://honeybeelab.oregonstate.edu/   Oregon Master Beekeeper Program Website: https://mb.extension.oregonstate.edu/   Berry Crops Website, NWREC:  https://extension.oregonstate.edu/nwrec/berry-crops   Berry Crops Website, College of Agricultural Sciences: <a href="https://agsci.oregonstate.edu/berriesand-small-fruits">https://agsci.oregonstate.edu/berriesand-small-fruits</a>   A series of 5 videos ”High Tunnel Structures: The Basics”. <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/high-tunnel-structures-the-basics">https://extension.psu.edu/high-tunnel-structures-the-basics</a>   DeVetter, L.W. and C.A. Miles. 2020. Plastic mulches in Small Fruit Production: https://smallfruits.wsu.edu/plastic-mulches/.    Berry diagnostic tool (https://blogs.cornell.edu/berrytool/)   High tunnel production guide for raspberries and blackberries (http://www.hort.cornell.edu/fruit/pdfs/high-tunnel-brambles.pdf)

Impact Statements

An overarching goal of the project is to give small fruit growers needed tools to adapt to changing conditions and new challenges, thus improving food security as related to berry crop productivity and promoting farmer profitability and sustainability. Through coordinated efforts that this project encourages, as well as by providing opportunities for increased communication and contributions of knowledge, project participants continue to work towards developing and testing new germplasm and cultivars that can be grown under a range of conditions, as well as developing new cultural production techniques that provide growers additional control over growing conditions, pests, and diseases. Examples of impacts from participants in various states and presented on during this reporting period are provided below. Objective 1 - Develop improved small fruit germplasm through cooperative breeding and evaluation programs. There were 16 institutions that reported activity in Objective 1. The majority of these activities were multi institutional and some were multidisciplinary. Full impact statements provided by a few institutions and are copied in their entirety. Other impacts are gleaned from reported activities. Alabama. At Auburn University, muscadine and bunch grape cultivar trials are ongoing in cooperation with University of Georgia and the University of Arkansas for adaptation to AL and resistant to Pierce's disease. Arkansas.The major impact of the University of Arkansas small fruit breeding effort is in plantings of released blackberry cultivars. The primocane-fruiting cultivars have had significant production now for several years and are now providing for a much-extended blackberry marketing season for domestic production. The floricane-fruiting cultivars Ouachita, Natchez and Osage are the most popular and continue to provide for high quality berries. The new releases Caddo and Ponca are expanding production also, and Ponca looks to be a big step up in consistent sweetness in berries. British Columbia. Blueberry, raspberry and strawberry breeding activity was impacted by Covid-19 restrictions. In general greenhouse and lab activities were most impacted, but field assessments were able to be completed. In blueberry assessments, BC 14-40-158 has medium-large fruit and excellent quality. Two machine harvested raspberry cultivars one from BC and one from WSU had good yield data. BC 10-71-27 (1.55 kg/plant) was the highest yielding selection, followed by WSU 2188 (1.24 kg/plant), compared with the standard ‘Chemainus’ (1.04 kg/plant). Strawberry breeding has increased activity as a result of the canadian Berry Trial Network (CBTN). The breeding program continues to conduct on-farm grower trial evaluations of existing raspberry, strawberry and blueberry cultivars and selections. Florida.The UF strawberry varieties ‘Florida Brilliance’ (released 2017; 55% of acreage) and Sensation® ‘Florida127’ (released 2013; 35% of acreage) together make up about 90% of the 10,000 acres of strawberries grown in central Florida. Driscoll’s proprietary varieties continue to be about 10% of acreage. Several multistate breeding and trialing collaborations are in place as detailed below. In terms of cultivar development and release efforts, we continue to work collaboratively with the NCPN by sending tissue cultures of released varieties to the NC State Micropropagation unit. A collaborative germplasm exchange with Dr. KimLewers, USDA, Beltsville, MD, was officially established in 2020in which crosses are being made between UF and USDA accessions to combine flavor from the USDA parents and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides resistance from UF parents. Gina Fernandez of NC State continues to trial our new varieties as they become available in order to provide recommendations to growers in the mid-Atlantic. Thus far the newer UF varieties flower too early in the winter in this region. Two new UF strawberry cultivars have been released and patents applied for in July, 2020. These are detailed below. Trade names are in process. 'FL 16.78-109' (PPAF) is a new strawberry variety that produces extremely unique white-colored fruit with a pink blush.This variety will provide strawberry growers and marketers with new opportunities in retail and food service markets.'FL 16.78-109' fruit are consistently sweet throughout the season and have a unique aroma reminiscent of apricot and pineapple.The first plants have been planted in October 2020 and limited quantities of fruit will be available in select retail markets throughout this winter.'FL 16.30-128' (PPAF) is a new strawberry variety that is intended to complement the production of 'Florida Brilliance' and Sweet Sensation (R) 'Florida127' and give growers another variety alternative with excellent early-season yields.Fruit of 'FL 16.30-128' are medium-large sized, firm, uniformly shaped, and have exceptional color and flavor. Maine. The University of Maine has 3 established variety trials for matted row strawberries, elderberry and grape. In addition, New variety trials for matted row strawberries, hardy northern highbush blueberries and red raspberries are being established at Highmoor Farm in Monmouth, ME. This is part of a Maine Specialty Crop Block Grant “Expanding Maine's Berry Industry to Improve Farm Profitability”. Michigan. Michigan State University has or is developing molecular and genomic tools for blueberry and strawberry. Genomic resources for blueberry are publicly available: Dataset and Genome Browser. Genomic resources for octoploid strawberry are publicly available: Dataset and Genome Browser. Genomic resources for diploid F. vesca are publicly available: Dataset and Genome Browser. Genomic resources for diploid F. iinumae are publicly available: Dataset and Genome Browser. North Carolina. The strawberry ‘Rocco’ is gaining popularity in midwest states. Growers are replacing ‘Sweet Charlie’ with ‘Rocco’. Estimated production for 2021 will be between 1.0 and 1.5 M plants. A multi institutional Rubus GWAS and GXE collaboration with the private company Pairwise and 4 other institutions (Cornell, University of Arkansas, BC Berry Breeding Program, and USDA-ARS NCGR) began in 2019. Objective 2 - Develop practices for small fruit production tailored for climatic and market needs of growers. Out of 22 institutions that reported on Objective 2, six gave impact statements on this objective. In general, research focussed on several areas: Evaluation of new released cultivars, improving of cultural practices to lower costs and/or improve returns of an operation, research related to pests, weeds and diseases, development of resources to be used for growers, mostly related to new pests (e.g. SDW) or diseases (e.g. grapevine viruses). Alabama: The fruit industry in the state of Alabama is provided new knowledge on the performance of newly released and improved small fruit cultivars and the best production practices for enhanced sustainability and profitability of high-value specialty crops. Arkansas: Two MS students graduated in the spring of 2020 o Performance Evaluation of Four Arkansas Table Grape Cultivars Grown on Three Trellis Systems Under High Tunnels at Two Locations in Arkansas. Jose Hernandez o Determining Cluster Thinning and Storage Effects on Fruit Quality and Marketability Attributes of Arkansas Table Grapes Grown Under High Tunnel Systems. Virginia Beasley; Results from the preemergence herbicide study will be used to guide recommendations for herbicide in new blackberry plantings, including the University of Arkansas Recommended Chemicals for Weed and Brush Control and the Southeast Regional Caneberries Integrated Management Guide. Data will also be used to solicit supplemental labels and 24(c) registrations for promising herbicides in the southern region. Maine: Recent program evaluations by growers indicate that nearly all participants have reduced pesticide applications (83%) and costs (100%) as a result of the program. Additionally, growers now time sprays in response to pest monitoring results, and most have adopted at least one non-chemical alternative pest management strategy. Over 200 Maine growers receive the spotted wing drosophila updates. Program surveys found that most growers now aware of this pest and, use this program, to access to management information. North Carolina: Managing vigor of blackberry with prohexadione calcium: Effects on vegetative and reproductive development. We investigated use of a plant growth regulator, prohexadione calcium (P-Ca), as an alternative primocane growth management strategy of blackberry and PCa did shorten internode length but did not impact yield compared to the manual tipping treatment. Further investigation needed to determine effects on lateral branching. Kon et al. received Specialty Crop Grant ($100,000) to support this work in 2021. Survey of single and double cropped primocane fruiting blackberries at 2 on-farm locations. Objective was to assess seasonal nutrient status in single and double cropping primocane fruiting cultivars. We found: 1). Sufficiency survey levels do not follow those of floricane fruiting types, 2) most differences are evident between single and double cropped plants, 3) early season is not a good time for leaf sampling in sobule cropping systems, 4) June is stable for N and K, and 5) cultivars are different (so may need different recommendations). The blackberry Pest Management Strategic Plan (PMSP) was developed by 9 Universities in the southern US and is the first ever PMSP developed for blackberry in the region. The PMSP documents critical regulatory and research priorities as determined by growers and University research and Extension specialists. Grape. Development of Grapevine Virus-Testing Service for North Carolina Growers in collaboration with the Micropropagation and Repository Unit (MPRU), the Clean Plant Network and the NC State PDIC; Securement of a trunk-disease management and identification block grant for North Carolina ($100,000). Several viticulture webinars on management, diseases, U-pick operations, reached more than 100 people; Agent training on grape cultural and pest management strategies in NC. Development of a muscadine production guide for the Southeast; Distribution of more than 100 hard copies to agents in the Southeast. COVID-19 related outreach: more than 6,000 views in April and May alone on NCSU grape portal; Development of a collaborative multi-state SCRI project on optimizing strawberry plant propagation, with the long-term aim to create tools for clean strawberry plant production; Development of integrated soil disinfestation methods with steam, collaborative effort with UC Davis ($500,000 USDA Methyl Bromide Transition; $110,000 to NC State). Two virtual strawberry field days and one virtual strawberry preplant meeting, in total more than 150 participants. Agent training on strawberry cultural and pest management strategies in NC in December. COVID-19 related outreach: more than 20,000 views in April and May alone on NCSU strawberry portal; North Dakota: North Dakota has some unique environmental challenges that must be overcome for successful small fruit production. Through germplasm enhancement and by examining practices to hastening ripening or extend the season and avoid winter injury, profitable farm diversification practices and locally produced small fruit will become available. • Coordination of Activities: Major concerns of berry growers, processors, marketers and scientists will be identified and discussed, and a multistate focus will be brought to bear on priority issues. This will lead to more efficient use of public funds when developing research, teaching and extension programs to address these concerns. • Collaborative Research Projects: Exchange of information and ideas, often before formal publication, is an important committee activity. The interaction of group members leads to collaborative projects, stronger grant proposals, more robust publications, and new sources of specialized information. Ideas generated from one state project can be tested regionally and nationally. Such evaluations also enable innovations to be modified for site-specific use or to fit existing technology. • Multi-state and Regional Germplasm Evaluation: Multi-state efforts in germplasm evaluation are a critical part of the NCCC-212 project. Standardized evaluation protocols and multiple site evaluation (environment X genotype studies) will provide important information on adaptability and cultivar performance. • Information Exchange: Members of NCCC-212 cover a range of specialized disciplines, including breeding, molecular biology, whole plant physiology, postharvest physiology, pathology, entomology, ecology, production. Members are from industry, land grant colleges, and USDA, and are from the United States and Canada. This broad spectrum of participants encourages dialogue on key issues and cross-exchange of scientific viewpoints. Committee members often participate in the Small Fruit and Viticulture working group of the American Society for Horticultural Science, and the Southern Small Fruit Workers group, which helps further extend the influence of NCCC-212 activities. Oregon State: Project collaborators have confidently increased yields by 0.5 ton per acre annually without compromising quality. This has led to a 25% increase in yields, which can harness an additional $1500/acre in grape sales on average (across the 17,744 bearing Pinot noir acres in the state), resulting in additional $2.3 million per year in farm gate value for Pinot noir grapes. Many collaborators also said that the increased yield is leading to more volume of quality wine (with no reduction in bottle price), as they have not seen a reduction in fruit or wine quality with yield increases between 0.5-1.0 tons per acre. (Skinkis; yield potential through pruning and fertilization) Spur pruning is possible without causing loss in yield, fruit ripening, or fruit composition at harvest. This will allow growers to 20 consider using spur pruning and apply partial mechanization in vineyards to reduce labor costs during pruning. Selecting larger canes at pruning can also allow for greater vine fruitfulness and yield potential. Further work is needed to understand N fertilization practices to enhance yield uniformity in vineyards. This was part of a MS thesis for the graduate student on the project. The research has been published in one peer refereed journal article as of June 2020. (Skinkis; red blotch) The multi-year and multi-site data suggest that certain vineyards are not impacted greatly by the virus (growth or fruit composition), and vines respond differently by season, possibly due to soil type, vineyard health, and seasonal climatic conditions. It is possible that growers can maintain vineyard blocks rather than removing them merely based on virus infection status. (Skinkis; Irrigation) Thus far, early results from research have streamlined existing monitoring technologies, and validated existing models regarding new technologies, ultimately reducing associated production costs. Existing regional irrigation scheduling service networks (e.g. AgriMet) have also been shown to greatly overestimate vineyard water requirements, and though this work is ongoing, results indicate that growers could reduce water use by up to 50% with little no drop in productivity. Finally, outreach efforts have resulted in increased sales of plant water stress monitoring equipment, suggesting that wine grape growers are taking a more active role in irrigation management, a practice that will likely lead to continued reduction in vineyard water use. Objective 3 - Explore the association between fruit constituents and human health impacts. Four institutions (out of 23) reported data for this objective. Research focused on identification and bioactivity of phytochemicals in small fruit germplasm and or under different cultural practices. At NDSU, research was conducted to modify and stimulate the phenolic profiles of grape and blackberry to enhance both fruit quality and longevity during post-harvest stages. At NCSU, research documented bio accessibility of anthocyanins in blueberry germplasm. At the USDA in Beltsville, researchers evaluated effects of production practices on strawberry fruit constituents. While in NH, the effect of training systems on grape constituents was evaluated.