Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

2006 Meeting of the NC 1007 Regional Research Technical Committee  Enteric Diseases of Swine and Cattle: Prevention, Control and Food Safety Date: December 2 and 3, 2006 Location: Chicago Marriott Downtown Magnificent Mile NC-1007 Members in Attendance: David Francis, South Dakota State University: Connie Gebhart, University of Minnesota; Richard Isaacson, University of Minnesota; Lynn Joens, University of Arizona, Radhey Kaushik, South Dakota State University; Rod Moxley, University of Nebraska; Donald C. Robertson, Kansas State University; Bruce Schultz, Kansas State University; Bert Stromberg (Administrative Advisor for NC-1007) and Mark Robinson, USDA National Program Leader. The meeting was called to order at 8:00 A.M. by Dr. Donald Robertson, Secretary of NC-1007, in the absence of the Chair, Dr. Tom Besser Connie Gebhart, with a second by David Francis, moved for approval of the 2005 minutes. The NC-1007 Administrative Advisor, Dr. Bert Stromberg, made several comments: He reminded us that NC-1007 will sunset in 2007 unless the renewal is submitted in a timely fashion and that considerable work on the renewal needs to be done at the meeting. He expressed concerned at the decline in attendance at NC-1007 meetings and that something should be done to recruit new members. Suggestions by Dr. Stromberg included sponsorship of a one-half day mini-syposium at the CRWAD meeting and encourage attendance by graduate students at both the mini-symposium and the annual meeting of NC-1007. He reminded the members that meeting minutes should be submitted 30 days after the annual meeting and that the SAE form 422 must be filed by him within 90 days after conclusion of the meeting. The report should include: 1) accomplishments, and 2) impacts of the work done by members of NC -1007. Station reports should be included as an appendix. Publications should be separated into: 1) those from each participating station and 2) publications resulting from collaborative efforts. The limited collaborative efforts of the group is a major concern and should be addressed in the future if NC-1007 is to remain a viable unit. Since the NC -1007 renewal proposal was the first order of business, there were no formal station reports. Instead, the discussion and efforts were focused on the content and assignment for the renewal proposal. The major sections of the proposal will include: 1. Statement of issues(s) and justification 2. Related, current and previous work 3. Objectives Discussion of the last two sections was extensive. The following assignments were made after discussion of options and potential collaborations in order to expedite writing of the proposal. 1. Statement of Issue(s) and Justification (T. Besser and D. Robertson) 2. Related, Current, and Previous Work a. enteric viruses (L. Saif) b. ETEC and EHEC (D. Francis, R. Moxley, and D. Robertson) c. Camplobacter spp. and Lawsonia intracellularis (Lynn Joens and C. Gebhart) d. Salmonella (D. Isaacson and L. Joens) e. Brachyspira spp. (G. Duhamel) f. Cryptosporidium parvum and other parasites (M. Kuhlenschmidt and L. Mansfield) 3. Objectives a. Focus on emerging diseases  Identify, characterize, and develop improved detection methods related to newly recognized novel or emerging causes of enteric diseases and enteric pathogens of cattle and swine 1) enteric viruses (L. Saif and Mark Kuhlenschmidt) 2) bacterial diseases a) changes in disease patterns/trends of recognized pathogens  appearance of new/novel virulence factors (D. Francis and L. Joens) b) EHEC  on farm control, transmission, runoff and other environmental issues (T. Besser and T.G. Nagaraja) c) Salmonella Newport (Tom Besser and Lynn Joens) b. Focus on effective interventions  Develop and improve interventions and preventive measures to reduce the incidence and prevalence of infections of cattle and swine with enteric and food borne disease agents 1) ETEC, EAEC, and EHEC a) enterotoxins and colonization (D. Francis), b) effect(s) of multiple enterotoxins on virulence and secretory response (D. Francis, Rod Moxley, D. Robertson and B. Schultz) c) ETEC vaccines  role of LT (D. Francis and L. Joens) d) EHEC vaccines (R. Moxley) e) development of probiotics (T.G.Nagaraja) 2) pathogenesis and molecular typing of Lawsonia spp. (C. Gebhart and L. Joens) 3) Campylobacter intervention strategies (T. Besser and L.Joens) 4) Brachyspira spp. (G. Duhamel ) 5) viral receptors and intervention ( M. Kuhlenschmidt ??) 6) parasitology ( M. Kuhlenschmidt and L. Mansfield) c. Focus and dissemination of knowledge  Provide training and continuing education opportunities and dissemination of information to student, producers, veterinarians, and diagnostic laboratories (T. Besser, D. Francis, R. Isaacson and Don Robertson) 1) mini-syposium to be held in conjunction with CRWAD 2) 4th International Mount Rushmore conference 3) Focus on Ag - extension related activities 4) Presentation(s) at AAVLD meeting  detection of emerging pathogens 5) Colloquium  sponsorship by AAM Richard Isaacson moved to adjourn the meeting with a second by David Francis.

A. Journal Articles and other Outputs: jointly authored by multiple NC-1007 stations. Zhang, W., E. M. Berberov, J. Freeling, D. He, R. A. Moxley, and D. H. Francis. 2006. Significance of heat-stable and heat-labile enterotoxins in porcine colibacillosis in an additive model for pathogenicity studies. Infect. Immun. 74:3107-3114. Wang, Q., K. O. Chang, M.G. Han, S. Sreevatsan, and L. J. Saif. 2006. Development of a new microwell hybridization assay and an internal control RNA for the detection of porcine noroviruses and sapoviruses by reverse transcription-PCR. J. Virol. Meth. 132:135-45. Wang, Q.H., M. Souza, J.A. Funk, W. Zhang, and L.J. Saif. 2006. Prevalence of noroviruses and sapoviruses in swine of various ages determined by reverse transcription-PCR and microwell hybridization assays. J. Clin. Microbiol. 44:1575-1578. Costantini, V., F. Loisy, L. Joens, F.S. LeGuyader and L.J. Saif. 2006. Human and animal enteric caliciviruses in oysters from different coastal regions of the U.S. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72:1800-9. NC Collaborator Joens, AZ B. Journal Articles from NC-1007 stations: Bae W, Hancock DD, Call DR, ParkYH, Berge ACB, Finger RM, Sischo WM, Besser TE. Dissemination of Clonal Strains of Campylobacter coli Resistant to Multiple Antimicrobial Drugs among Washington State and California Cattle. In press, Veterinary Microbiology, 2006. Besser TE, Shaikh N, Holt NJ, Tarr PI, Konkel ME, Malik-Kale P, Whittam T, Bono J.. 2007. Greater Diversity of Shiga toxin-encoding Bacteriophage Insertion Sites among Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolates from Cattle than from Humans. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73:671-9. Bretschneider, G., E. M. Berberov, and R. A. Moxley. Reduced intestinal colonization of adult beef cattle by Escherichia coli O157:H7 tir deletion and nalidixic acid-resistant mutants lacking flagellar expression. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. (Submitted) Call DR, Kang M-S, Daniels J, Besser TE. 2006. Assessing genetic diversity in plasmids from Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica using a mixed-plasmid microarray. Journal of Applied Microbiology 100(1):15-28. Carvajal, A., M.L. De Arriba, H. Rodriguez, A.B. Vidal, G.E. Duhamel, and P. Rubio. 2006. Prevalence of Brachyspira species in pigs with diarrhoea in Spain. Vet. Rec. 158:700-701. Clark, N. M., E. M. Berberov, M. Wang, and R. A. Moxley. 2006. Anti-capsular antibodies activate killing of Escherichia coli O8:K87 by the alternate complement pathway in porcine serum. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 114:185-191. Cobbold RN, Hancock DD, Rice DH, Berg J, Stilborn R, Hovde CJ, Besser TE. 2007. Recto-anal Junction Colonization of Feedlot Cattle with E. coli O157:H7 and its Association with Super-shedders and Excretion Dynamics. In press. Appl Environ Microbiol. Cobbold RL, Rice DH, Davis MA, Besser TE, Hancock DD: 2006. Long-term persistence of muli-drug resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica Serovar Newport in two Washington dairy herds. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 228:585-91. Davis MA, Hancock DD, Besser TE, Daniels JB, Kaya K, Call DR. 2007. Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin isolates from beef and dairy sources. Vet Microbiol. 31:221-30. Davis MA, Rice DH, Sheng H, Hancock DD, Besser TE, Cobbold R, Hovde CJ: 2006. Comparison of cultures from rectoanal junction mucosal swabs and feces for detection of Escherichia coli O157 in dairy heifers. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72:3766-70. Deprez, P., K. Chiers, C. J. Gebhart. 2005. Lawsonia intracellularis infection in a 12-month-old colt in Belgium. Vet. Rec. 157:774-776. Han, M.G., S. Cheetham, MS.P. Azevedo, C. Thomas and L. J. Saif. 2006. Immune responses to bovine norovirus-like particles with various adjuvants and analysis of protection in gnotobiotic calves. Vaccine 24:317-26. Han, M.G., D-S. Cheon, X. Zhang and L.J. Saif. 2006. Cross-protection in gnotobiotic calves between a human enteric coronavirus and a virulent bovine enteric coronavirus. J. Virol.80:12350-6. Kang M-S, Besser TE, Call DR. 2006. Diversity of Genetic Contexts of the blaCMY-2 ²-Lactamase Gene in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica plasmids that confer resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50):1590-3. Khachatryan AR, Hancock DD, Besser TE, Call DR: 2006. Antimicrobial drug resistance genes do not convey a secondary fitness advantage to calf-adapted Escherichia coli. Applied Environmental Microbiology 72:443-8. LeJeune JT, Hancock DD, Besser TE: 2006. Sensitivity of Esherichia coli O157 detection in bovine feces using broth enrichment followed by immunomagnetic separation and direct plating methodologies. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 44:872-5. Lim JY, Li J, Sheng H, Besser TE, Potter K, Hovde CJ. 2006. Colonization of Escherichia coli O157:H7 at the recto-anal junction of long-duration culture-positive cattle. Appl Environ Microbiol. In press, 2006. McOrist, S., C. J. Gebhart and B. Bosworth. 2006. Evaluation of porcine ileum models of enterocytes infection by Lawsonia intracellularis. Can. J. Vet. Res. 70:155-159. Petersen, R. E., T. J. Klopfenstein, G. E. Erickson, J. Folmer, S. Hinkley, R. A. Moxley, and D. R. Smith. 2007. Effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus strain NP51 on Escherichia coli O157:H7 fecal shedding and finishing performance in beef feedlot cattle. J. Food Prot. 70: (in press). Peterson, R. E., T. J. Klopfenstein, R. A. Moxley, G. E. Erickson, S. Hinkley, G. Bretschneider, E. M. Berberov, D. Rogan, and D. R. Smith. Effect of a type III secreted protein vaccine on Escherichia coli O157:H7 fecal shedding and rectal colonization of feedlot cattle. J. Food Prot. (Submitted) Peterson, R. E., T. J. Klopfenstein, R. A. Moxley, G. E. Erickson, S. Hinkley, D. Rogan, and D. R. Smith. Evaluation of dose response and herd immunity from a vaccine against Escherichia coli O157:H7 for feedlot cattle. J. Food Prot. (Submitted) Wang, Q-H., V. Costantini, and L.J. Saif. 2007. Porcine and human enteric caliciviruses: Comparative diagnosis, epidemiology and genetic and antigenic relatedness. Vaccine (in press). Wattanaphansak, S., C.J. Gebhart, M. Olin and J. Deen. 2005. Measurement of the viability of Lawsonia intracellularis. Can. J. Vet. Res. 69:265-271. Extension Reports: Peterson, R.E., D.R. Smith, R.A. Moxley, T.J. Klopfenstein, S. Hinkley, and G.E. Erickson. 2006. Vaccination for Escherichia coli O157:H7 in market ready feedlot cattle. 2006 Nebraska Beef Report, Agricultural Research Division, University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, MP88-A. pp. 68-69. Peterson, R.E., D.R. Smith, R.A. Moxley, T.J. Klopfenstein, S. Hinkley, and G.E. Erickson. 2006. Large-scale clinical trial to evaluate an experimental Escherichia coli O157:H7 vaccine. 2006 Nebraska Beef Report Agricultural Research Division, University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, MP88-A. pp. 70-71. Book Chapters: Hampson, D.J. and G.E. Duhamel. 2006. Porcine colonic spirochetosis/Intestinal spirochetosis. In: Diseases of Swine. 9th ed. Straw, B.E., J.J. Zimmerman, S. DAllaire, and D.J. Taylor (eds). Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Ames, Iowa, pp. 755-767. Duhamel, G.E. Neonatal calf enteric disease vaccines. In: Large Animal Internal Medicine. 4th ed., Smith, B.P. (ed). Mosby, Inc., St. Louis, Missouri, in press. McOrist, S. and C.J. Gebhart. 2005. Genus Lawsonia. In G.E. Garrity, et al, (ed.), Bergeys Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd ed. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, MD. McOrist, S. and C.J. Gebhart. 2005. Porcine proliferative enteropathies. In B.E. Straw, et al. (ed), Diseases of Swine, 9th ed. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA. Other Presentations and Published Abstracts: The effect of regional vaccination within the feedyard on Escherichia coli O157:H7 colonization, fecal shedding, and hide contamination. Smith, D.R., R.A. Moxley, T.J. Klopfenstein, G.E. Erickson. National Cattlemens Beef Association, Beef Industry Safety Summit, Jacksonville, Florida, April 18-20, 2006, Oral. Published - Beef Industry Safety Summit Executive Summary, Beef Industry Food Safety Council, pp. 10-11. Effect of vaccinating against type III secreted proteins of E. coli O157:H7 on its pre- and post-harvest occurrence on cattle hides. Peterson, R.E., D.R. Smith, T.J. Klopfenstein, G.E. Erickson. Joint Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association (ADSA) and American Society of Animal Science (ASAS) Minneapolis, Minnesota, July 9-13, 2006, Oral. Published - abstract no. 269, J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 84, Suppl. 1/J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 89, Suppl. 1, page 250. Effect of vaccination within the feedyard on Escherichia coli O157:H7 colonization, fecal shedding, and hide contamination. Moxley, R.A., D.R. Smith, T.J. Klopfenstein, G.E. Erickson. Cattle Industry Summer Conference, Beef Safety Committee, Reno, Nevada, July 12, 2006, Oral - no publication. Does vaccinating cattle against type III secreted proteins of Escherichia coli O157:H7 prevent colonization? Smith, D.R., R.E. Peterson, R.A. Moxley, T.J. Klopfenstein, G.E. Erickson, S. Hinkley. International Symposium on Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics (ISVEE XI), Cairns, Australia, Aug. 6-11, 2006, Poster - published abstract. Vaccination to control Escherichia coli O157:H7 in feedlot cattle. Moxley, R.A. Invited Seminar Speaker, Department of Veterinary Science and Department of Biology/Microbiology, Molecular and Cellular Biology Seminar Series, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota. Oct. 13, 2006. Reduced intestinal colonization of adult beef cattle by Escherichia coli O157:H7 tir deletion and nalidixic acid -resistant mutants lacking flagellar expression. Bretschneider, G., E.M. Berberov, R.A. Moxley. 6th International Symposium on Shiga Toxin (Verocytotoxin) Producing E. coli Infections (VTEC 2006), Melbourne, Australia, Oct. 29-Nov. 1, 2006, poster no. P09.1.04 - published abstract. Effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus strain NP51 on Escherichia coli O157:H7 fecal shedding and finishing performance in beef feedlot cattle. Moxley, R.A., D.R. Smith, T.J. Klopfenstein, G.E. Erickson, J.D. Folmer, R.E. Peterson, S. Hinkley. 6th International Symposium on Shiga Toxin (Verocytotoxin) Producing E. coli Infections (VTEC 2006), Melbourne, Australia, Oct. 29-Nov. 1, 2006, poster no. P11.2.05 - published abstract. Effect of a type III secreted protein vaccine on Escherichia coli O157:H7 fecal shedding and rectal colonization of feedlot cattle. Moxley, R.A., D.R. Smith, T.J. Klopfenstein, G.E. Erickson, R.E. Peterson, S. Hinkley, G. Bretschneider, E.M. Berberov, D. Rogan. 6th International Symposium on Shiga Toxin (Verocytotoxin) Producing E. coli Infections (VTEC 2006), Melbourne, Australia, Oct. 29-Nov. 1, 2006, poster no. P11.2.06 - published abstract. A large-scale clinical trial evaluating an Escherichia coli O157:H7 type III secreted protein vaccine for cattle in commercial feedlot systems. Smith, D.R., R.A. Moxley, R.E. Peterson, T.J. Klopfenstein, G.E. Erickson, S. Hinkley, G. Bretschneider, E.M. Berberov. 6th International Symposium on Shiga Toxin (Verocytotoxin) Producing E. coli Infections (VTEC 2006), Melbourne, Australia, Oct. 29-Nov. 1, 2006, poster no. P12.1.04 - published abstract. Effect of dosage number of an Escherichia coli O157:H7 type III secreted protein vaccine on fecal shedding and herd immunity in feedlot cattle. Smith, D.R., R.A. Moxley, R.E. Peterson, T.J. Klopfenstein, G.E. Erickson, S. Hinkley, D. Rogan. 6th International Symposium on Shiga Toxin (Verocytotoxin) Producing E. coli Infections (VTEC 2006), Melbourne, Australia, Oct. 29-Nov. 1, 2006, poster no. P12.1.05 - published abstract. Serological IgG responses against Escherichia coli O157:H7 type III secreted proteins, intimin and O157 lipopolysaccharide in adult beef cattle following experimental infection. Bretschneider, G., E.M. Berberov, R.A. Moxley. Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases, Chicago, Illinois, Dec. 3-5, 2006, poster, published - abstract no. P65. Effect of regional vaccination within the feedyard on Escherichia coli O157:H7 rectal colonization, fecal shedding, and hide contamination. Smith, D.R., R.A. Moxley, T.J. Klopfenstein, G.E. Erickson. Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases, Chicago, Illinois, Dec. 3-5, 2006, oral, published - abstract no. 110. Wattanaphansak, S.W., T. Asawakarn, C.J.Gebhart and J. Deen. 2006. Development and validation of an ELISA for the diagnosis of PPE. Proc. 19th IPVS, Denmark. Wattanaphansak, S.W., T. Asawakarn, C.J.Gebhart and J. Deen. 2006. Use of the recombinant protein FliC for development of an elisa for the diagnosis of PPE. Proc. 19th IPVS, Denmark. Guedes, R.M.C. and C. Gebhart. 2006. Enterocyte proliferation and apoptotic changes in ileum samples from pigs experimentally infected with Lawsonia intracellularis. Proc. 19th IPVS, Denmark. Gebhart, C. 2006. Lawsonia intracellularis infections (Invited Key Note Lecture). Proc. 19th IPVS, Denmark. Kinsley, K, N. Winkelman, and C. Gebhart. 2006. Elimination of Lawsonia intracellularis from pigs fed carbadox. Proc. Am. Assoc. Swine Vet., Kansas City, MO.