Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

A major focus of this annual meeting was discussing survey collection methods, and planning future projects for the multi-state research group. Main items of discussion included pilot test results for the parent motivator-barrier questionnaire with analysis completed at Purdue University. The findings included mean scores on psychosocial scales and correlations between parent and child responses. The timeline for completing the project was reviewed and slightly modified. Representatives from states discussed their efforts (successful and unsuccessful) for recruiting and administering parent and child surveys, such as: which groups to contact, methods for contacting various community groups, and compensation for participation. A discussion took place about how to complete Phase IV of the current project  the development of key communication/education strategies  resulting in several plans and goals. Data entry and preliminary analysis of 166 completed survey pairs was reviewed. A new proposal for the next 5-year multi-state project was discussed, based on results from the data analyzed so far, and future paper topics were anticipated and working groups assigned. The Chair and Reporter of W1003 for next year are Mary Cluskey and Scottie Misner, respectively. The date for next years meeting is Nov. 7 - 10, 2007 in Spokane, WA.

Osteoporosis is the single most recognizable health issue identified with inadequate calcium intake. Approximately 10 million individuals are estimated to have osteoporosis in the United States, with almost 34 million individuals having low bone mass. Each year, more than 1.5 million bone fractures result from osteoporosis and over half of Americans over 50 years of age are expected to experience osteoporotic-related bone fractures in their lifetime. Hip fractures are more likely than heart attacks, stroke or cancer to lead to functional impairment. The economic burden of these fractures was projected to be $17 billion in 2005. Early adolescence (ages 10-13 years) is a critical period in the lifecycle for bone mineralization. Peak bone density can occur as early as 16 years of age for the hip, and mid-20s for other bones. Adequate calcium intake during this time of growth is crucial to ensure bone health in later life. However, studies indicate that early adolescent children consume only 60 to 80% of the 1300 mg Adequate Intake level of calcium recommended by the Institute of Medicine. These data indicate that American children are at risk for osteoporosis later in life, with its associated health risks. Asian, Hispanic and non-Hispanic White populations face a higher risk of developing osteoporosis, and thus prevention is key for these groups. The W-1003 project is focused on developing a tool to identify how parental and household factors  such as parental knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and environment - influence calcium intake in early adolescents from race/ethnic groups most at risk for osteoporosis. The project also utilizes a survey developed by a previous multi-state research project (W-191), looking specifically at early adolescent perceptions of calcium-rich foods. Both survey tools provide a more complete picture of factors affecting the calcium intake of early adolescents and their families. During the past year, members of W-1003 focused on the finalization of the Parent Motivator Barrier Questionnaire (MBQ) survey. Principal component analysis was completed to assess the internal validity of the psychosocial scales identified by the parental questionnaire. Expert review of the questionnaire was completed to establish construct validity. Survey questions and format were finalized, and the survey tool was printed and distributed to all participating members for data collection. Researchers in all participating states began the process of recruiting subjects from various groups within their communities. Approximately 166 parent and child survey pairs were distributed, filled out, and collected in Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington. These survey pairs were scanned, and preliminary analysis of the results indicate that some modifications in the scanning software program are needed before further surveys are scanned for data analysis. In addition to data collection, three articles have been submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication, based on data from the qualitative interviews. Two additional articles are at different stages of completion, and should be submitted for publication during 2007. A timeline for data collection and analysis was outlined during the annual meeting. The goal for completing survey collection is May, 2007. Data analysis will take place during summer months (June through August), so that papers can be started during September through November, 2007. In addition to data collection and analysis, the group will also continue the process (started at the annual meeting) of developing and fleshing out the next 5-year multi-state project goals, objectives and methods.

Edlefsen M, Reicks M, Goldberg DL, Auld, GW, Bock A, Boushey CJ, Bruhn CM, Cluskey M, Misner SL, Olson BH, Wang C, Zaghloul S. Strategies based on parental roles to influence intake of calcium-rich foods by Asian, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white early adolescents. Submitted to the Journal of the American Dietetic Association Cluskey M, Edlefsen M, Olson B, Reicks M, Goldberg DL, Auld, GW, Bock A, Boushey CJ, Bruhn CM, Misner SL, Olson BH, Wang C, Zaghloul S. At home and away-from-home eating patterns influencing preadolescents intake of calcium rich foods as perceived by Asian, Hispanic and non-Hispanic White parents. Submitted to the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior Auld, GW, Diker A, Bock A, Boushey CJ, Bruhn CM, Cluskey M, Edlefsen M, Goldberg DL, Misner SL, Olson BH, Reicks M, Wang C, Zaghloul S. A decision tree to determine appropriateness of NVivo® in analyzing qualitative data sets. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior In press.