SAES-422 Multistate Research Activity Accomplishments Report
Sections
Status: Approved
Basic Information
- Project No. and Title: WCC11 : Turfgrass Research
- Period Covered: 07/01/2002 to 06/01/2003
- Date of Report: 06/06/2003
- Annual Meeting Dates: 06/01/2003 to 06/03/2003
Participants
Cockerham, Stephen (slee@ucrac1.ucr.edu)-University of California-Riverside; Gibeault, Vic (gibeault@ucrac1.ucr.edu)-University of California-Riverside; Johnson, Paul (Paul.Johnson@usu.edu)-Utah State University; Kopec, David (dkopec@ag.arizona.edu)-University of Arizona; Kopp, Kelly (kellyk@ext.usu.edu)-Utah State University; Koski, Tony (tony.koski@colostate.edu)-Colorado State University; Miltner, Eric (miltner@puyallup.wsu.edu)-Washington State University; Pessarakli, Mohammad (pessarak@u.arizona.edu)-University of Arizona; Riordan, Terry (triordan@unlnotes.unl.edu)-University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Wiecko, Greg (gwiecko@uog9.uog.edu)-University of Guam; Wallner, Stephen (Stephen.Wallner@ColoState.EDU)-Colorado State University
Petition Renewal
Process has begun, under the guidance of Yaling Qian (CSU) and Greg Wiecko (U. Guam). Information is now being collected. There is a new process in place (web-based) for submission of information and forms. Signature pages, as in the past, are no longer required. Approval is made on-line by the appropriate administrator(s) at each institution. Participants should forward accomplishments to Y. Qian. The material from all states will be compiled into a single document, put on-line for their review
Important to document efforts that are coordinated via the committee and WCC11 member institutions. For example, coordinated saltgrass research among WCC11 institutions.
NTEP Report
Gwen Stahnke, current WCC11 representative to NTEP, was not present due to conflict with the spring NTEP meeting. Her report was given by E. Miltner (attached). Gwen recommended that future WCC11 meetings not be scheduled during the first week of June, as this is traditional time for NTEP to meet every spring. Gwen believes that her term is up, but is not sure. There was discussion on selecting someone to fill her position. In the event that Gwen Stahnkes term is finished this year, V. Gibeault made a MOTION that nominations be solicited via email (with a vote via email by official WCC11 representatives from each institution), seconded by D. Kopec. Motion passed.
Meeting for site 2004
NCR192 is scheduled for Lincoln in 2004 (formal meetings on June 15-16; arrive 13th for tours on 13th and 14th). After some discussion on having a joint meeting with NCR192. E. Miltner moved that the 2004 meeting to be held in conjunction with the NCR192 group in NE (June 13-16); D. Kopec seconded. Motion approved. If a joint meeting with NCR192 will not be possible for some reason, Washington State will be the backup site for the 2004 meeting.The 2005 WCC11 meeting will likely be held in conjunction with ITS in Wales. The format of that meeting (official, pending approval by administrators OR unofficial) will be discussed at the 2004 meeting.
There was discussion on appointing a chair and secretary (for a 5-year period). Tony Koski and Yaling Qian were designated to record minutes and prepare the annual report (beginning 2003) for a 5-year trial period. T. Koski also volunteered to develop a WCC11 web site where minutes, annual report, and other pertinent information could be posted.
Process has begun, under the guidance of Yaling Qian (CSU) and Greg Wiecko (U. Guam). Information is now being collected. There is a new process in place (web-based) for submission of information and forms. Signature pages, as in the past, are no longer required. Approval is made on-line by the appropriate administrator(s) at each institution. Participants should forward accomplishments to Y. Qian. The material from all states will be compiled into a single document, put on-line for their review
Important to document efforts that are coordinated via the committee and WCC11 member institutions. For example, coordinated saltgrass research among WCC11 institutions.
NTEP Report
Gwen Stahnke, current WCC11 representative to NTEP, was not present due to conflict with the spring NTEP meeting. Her report was given by E. Miltner (attached). Gwen recommended that future WCC11 meetings not be scheduled during the first week of June, as this is traditional time for NTEP to meet every spring. Gwen believes that her term is up, but is not sure. There was discussion on selecting someone to fill her position. In the event that Gwen Stahnkes term is finished this year, V. Gibeault made a MOTION that nominations be solicited via email (with a vote via email by official WCC11 representatives from each institution), seconded by D. Kopec. Motion passed.
Meeting for site 2004
NCR192 is scheduled for Lincoln in 2004 (formal meetings on June 15-16; arrive 13th for tours on 13th and 14th). After some discussion on having a joint meeting with NCR192. E. Miltner moved that the 2004 meeting to be held in conjunction with the NCR192 group in NE (June 13-16); D. Kopec seconded. Motion approved. If a joint meeting with NCR192 will not be possible for some reason, Washington State will be the backup site for the 2004 meeting.The 2005 WCC11 meeting will likely be held in conjunction with ITS in Wales. The format of that meeting (official, pending approval by administrators OR unofficial) will be discussed at the 2004 meeting.
There was discussion on appointing a chair and secretary (for a 5-year period). Tony Koski and Yaling Qian were designated to record minutes and prepare the annual report (beginning 2003) for a 5-year trial period. T. Koski also volunteered to develop a WCC11 web site where minutes, annual report, and other pertinent information could be posted.
Accomplishments
A number of member institutions are addressing the production and maintenance of turf on saline sites, or where saline irrigation water (including effluent) is used. Researchers in CO, AZ, CA and UT are developing and/or evaluating species and cultivars for tolerance to saline growing conditions. Saltgrass, seashore paspalum, some wheatgrass species, and even some cultivars of Kentucky bluegrass have been found to tolerate much higher than expected levels of salinity.
Another research focus is development and management of species and cultivars for drought resistance. Research programs in UT, AZ, CO, CA, NE and NM emphasize the development and management of drought resistant species (buffalograss, wheatgrass, saltgrass). These programs are examining irrigation management (sub-surface irrigation in NM, and irrigation timing/interval in UT) techniques. Low input management of buffalograss (NE, CO, UT, NM and CA) and saltgrass (CO, AZ, CA and UT), to include irrigation, fertilization and mowing requirements, is being conducted in a coordinated fashion. Further, reduced maintenance to minimize impacts on ground and surface water is a focus of the turf program in WA.
The tolerance of turfgrass species and cultivars to environmental stress (heat, drought, cold and salinity) is being conducted on saltgrass, in a coordinated program between AZ and CO.
The development of efficient cultural and maintenance programs is being conducted in CA on bentgrass and Poa annua, in NE, CO, UT and NM on buffalograss, and in WA on ryegrass, bentgrass, and Poa annua. Discussions at WCC011 prevent unwanted/unnecessary duplication of efforts, as well as encouraging efforts where gaps in knowledge are discovered. Further, these discussions have resulted in coordinated efforts between a number of member institutions.
IMPACTS:
1. Improved knowledge of maintenance requirements (particularly nitrogen levels, irrigation requirements, and mowing) of the newer buffalograss cultivars.
2. Increased and growing awareness of the potential for use of saltgrass as a turfgrass in the Western US, including growing knowledge of production (seed and sod) and management requirements (water and nitrogen, as well as adapted mowing heights).
3. Increased understanding of the dynamics of organic matter production under turfgrass and how it affects annual nitrogen fertilization requirements, with potential effects on groundwater quality.
4. Growing awareness of potential for turfgrass to serve as a significant carbon sink (carbon sequestration), via its ability to produce large amounts of organic matter in a stable form.
5. Work in Guam has demonstrated the novel use of seawater (used for temporary irrigation) for weed control.
PLANS FOR 2003-2004:
1. AZ and CO will continue a working relationship to develop turf-type cultivars of saltgrass. Stress tolerance (cold and salinity) of developing lines will be addressed. Management (mowing tolerance, N requirements, and herbicide tolerance) will be examined. Water use/irrigation requirement will also be examined.
2. NM and CA will conduct a low-maintenance turf trial, to include non-traditional (as well as traditional) turf species.
3. NE, CO and UT propose to begin a genotype X location study to examine cultivar performance in diverse environments.
4. Effort will be made to develop a WCC011 web site to provide a convenient way of posting minutes, accomplishments, publications and other news relative to WCC011 efforts.
Another research focus is development and management of species and cultivars for drought resistance. Research programs in UT, AZ, CO, CA, NE and NM emphasize the development and management of drought resistant species (buffalograss, wheatgrass, saltgrass). These programs are examining irrigation management (sub-surface irrigation in NM, and irrigation timing/interval in UT) techniques. Low input management of buffalograss (NE, CO, UT, NM and CA) and saltgrass (CO, AZ, CA and UT), to include irrigation, fertilization and mowing requirements, is being conducted in a coordinated fashion. Further, reduced maintenance to minimize impacts on ground and surface water is a focus of the turf program in WA.
The tolerance of turfgrass species and cultivars to environmental stress (heat, drought, cold and salinity) is being conducted on saltgrass, in a coordinated program between AZ and CO.
The development of efficient cultural and maintenance programs is being conducted in CA on bentgrass and Poa annua, in NE, CO, UT and NM on buffalograss, and in WA on ryegrass, bentgrass, and Poa annua. Discussions at WCC011 prevent unwanted/unnecessary duplication of efforts, as well as encouraging efforts where gaps in knowledge are discovered. Further, these discussions have resulted in coordinated efforts between a number of member institutions.
IMPACTS:
1. Improved knowledge of maintenance requirements (particularly nitrogen levels, irrigation requirements, and mowing) of the newer buffalograss cultivars.
2. Increased and growing awareness of the potential for use of saltgrass as a turfgrass in the Western US, including growing knowledge of production (seed and sod) and management requirements (water and nitrogen, as well as adapted mowing heights).
3. Increased understanding of the dynamics of organic matter production under turfgrass and how it affects annual nitrogen fertilization requirements, with potential effects on groundwater quality.
4. Growing awareness of potential for turfgrass to serve as a significant carbon sink (carbon sequestration), via its ability to produce large amounts of organic matter in a stable form.
5. Work in Guam has demonstrated the novel use of seawater (used for temporary irrigation) for weed control.
PLANS FOR 2003-2004:
1. AZ and CO will continue a working relationship to develop turf-type cultivars of saltgrass. Stress tolerance (cold and salinity) of developing lines will be addressed. Management (mowing tolerance, N requirements, and herbicide tolerance) will be examined. Water use/irrigation requirement will also be examined.
2. NM and CA will conduct a low-maintenance turf trial, to include non-traditional (as well as traditional) turf species.
3. NE, CO and UT propose to begin a genotype X location study to examine cultivar performance in diverse environments.
4. Effort will be made to develop a WCC011 web site to provide a convenient way of posting minutes, accomplishments, publications and other news relative to WCC011 efforts.
Impacts
- Improved understanding of maintenance requirements of new buffalograss cultivars
- Identification of saltgrass and some wheatgrass species for potential turf use in the Western US
- Turfgrass systems have been shown to be a potentially significant source of carbon sequestration
- Saline water (including seawater), temporarily used in irrigation, can provide excellent weed control in warm-season turf
- Increased understanding of mechanisms of salinity tolerance, as well as species/cultivars tolerances to high salt levels in soil and irrigation water
Publications
Asay, Kay H.; Johnson, Douglas A.; Waldron, Blair L.; Jensen, Kevin B. 2002. Carbon isotope discrimination in orchardgrass and ryegrasses at four irrigation levels. Crop Science. 42:1498-1503.
Ball, S., Qian, Y.L., and Stushnoff, C. 2002. Soluble carbohydrates in two buffalograss cultivars with contrasting freezing tolerance. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 127:45-49.
Braman, S. K.; Duncan, R. R.; Engelke, M. C.; Hanna, W. W.; Hignight, K.; Rush, D. 2002. Grass species and endophyte effects on survival and development of fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 95:487-492.
Erusha, K. S. and R. C. Shearman. 2002. Kentucky bluegrass cultivar rooting responses measured in hydroponics. Crop Sci. 42:848-852.
Frank, Kevin W.; Gaussoin, Roch E.; Fry, Jack D.; Frost, Michael D.; Baird, James H. 2002. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium effects on seeded buffalograss establishment. HortScience. 37:371-373.
Heckman, N.L., G.L. Horst, and R.E. Gaussoin. 2002. Planting depth effect on emergence and morphology of buffalograss seedlings. HortScience. 37(3):506-507.
Heckman, Neil L.; Horst, Garald L.; Gaussoin, Roch E. 2002. Planting depth effect on emergence and morphology of buffalograss seedlings. HortScience. 37:506-507.
Heckman, N.L., G.L. Horst, R.E. Gaussoin, and B.T. Tavener. 2002. Trinexapac-ethyl influence on cell membrane thermostability of Kentucky bluegrass leaf tissue. Scientia Horticulturae 92:183-186.
Heckman, N.L., T.E. Elthon, G.L. Horst, and R.E. Gaussoin. 2002. Influence of trinexapac-ethyl on respiration of isolated wheat mitochondria. Crop Sci. 42:423-427.
Heng-Moss, Tiffany M.; Baxendale, Frederick P.; Riordan, Terrance P.; Foster, John E. 2002. Evaluation of buffalograss germplasm for resistance to Blissus occiduus (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 95:1054-1058.
Kerek, M., R. A. Drijber, W. L. Powers, R. C. Shearman, R. E. Gaussoin, and A. M. Streich. 2002. Accumulation of microbial biomass within particulate organic matter of aging golf greens. Agron. J. 94:455-461.
Klein, Grant J.; Green, Robert L. 2002. A survey of professional turfgrass managers in southern California concerning their use of turfgrass best management practices. HortTechnology. 12:498-504.
Qian, Y. and Follett, R.F. 2002. Assessing soil carbon sequestration in turfgrass systems using long-term soil testing data. Agron. J. 94:930-935.
Shearman, R. C. and Beard, J.B. 2002. Potassium nutrition effects on Agrostis palustris Huds. wear tolerance. World Congress of Golf Journal. 4:667-675.
Shortman, S. L.; Braman, S. K.; Duncan, R. R.; Hanna, W. W.; Engelke, M. C. 2002. Evaluation of turfgrass species and cultivars for potential resistance to twolined spittlebug (Hemiptera: Cercopidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 95:478-486.
Suplick-Ploense, M. R., Qian, Y. L., Read, J. C. 2002. Relative NaCl tolerance of Kentucky bluegrass, Texas bluegrass, and their hybrids. Crop Sci. 42:2025-2030.
Wu, L.; Green, R. L.; Liu, G.; Yates, M. V.; Pacheco, P.; Gan, J.; Yates, S. R. 2002. Partitioning and persistence of trichlorfon and chlorpyrifos in a creeping bentgrass putting green. J. Env. Qual. 31:889-895.
Wu, L.; Liu, G.; Yates, M. V.; Green, R. L.; Pacheco, P.; Gan, J.; Yates, S. R. 2002. Environmental fate of metalaxyl and chlorothalonil applied to a bentgrass putting green under southern California climatic conditions. Pest Management Science. 58:335-342.
Yuen, G. Y.; Jochum, C. C.; Giesler, L. J.; Shulski, M. D.; Walter-Shea, E. A.; Hubbard, K. G.; Horst, G. L. 2002. UV-B biodosimetry in turfgrass canopies. Crop Science. 42:859-868.
Ball, S., Qian, Y.L., and Stushnoff, C. 2002. Soluble carbohydrates in two buffalograss cultivars with contrasting freezing tolerance. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 127:45-49.
Braman, S. K.; Duncan, R. R.; Engelke, M. C.; Hanna, W. W.; Hignight, K.; Rush, D. 2002. Grass species and endophyte effects on survival and development of fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 95:487-492.
Erusha, K. S. and R. C. Shearman. 2002. Kentucky bluegrass cultivar rooting responses measured in hydroponics. Crop Sci. 42:848-852.
Frank, Kevin W.; Gaussoin, Roch E.; Fry, Jack D.; Frost, Michael D.; Baird, James H. 2002. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium effects on seeded buffalograss establishment. HortScience. 37:371-373.
Heckman, N.L., G.L. Horst, and R.E. Gaussoin. 2002. Planting depth effect on emergence and morphology of buffalograss seedlings. HortScience. 37(3):506-507.
Heckman, Neil L.; Horst, Garald L.; Gaussoin, Roch E. 2002. Planting depth effect on emergence and morphology of buffalograss seedlings. HortScience. 37:506-507.
Heckman, N.L., G.L. Horst, R.E. Gaussoin, and B.T. Tavener. 2002. Trinexapac-ethyl influence on cell membrane thermostability of Kentucky bluegrass leaf tissue. Scientia Horticulturae 92:183-186.
Heckman, N.L., T.E. Elthon, G.L. Horst, and R.E. Gaussoin. 2002. Influence of trinexapac-ethyl on respiration of isolated wheat mitochondria. Crop Sci. 42:423-427.
Heng-Moss, Tiffany M.; Baxendale, Frederick P.; Riordan, Terrance P.; Foster, John E. 2002. Evaluation of buffalograss germplasm for resistance to Blissus occiduus (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 95:1054-1058.
Kerek, M., R. A. Drijber, W. L. Powers, R. C. Shearman, R. E. Gaussoin, and A. M. Streich. 2002. Accumulation of microbial biomass within particulate organic matter of aging golf greens. Agron. J. 94:455-461.
Klein, Grant J.; Green, Robert L. 2002. A survey of professional turfgrass managers in southern California concerning their use of turfgrass best management practices. HortTechnology. 12:498-504.
Qian, Y. and Follett, R.F. 2002. Assessing soil carbon sequestration in turfgrass systems using long-term soil testing data. Agron. J. 94:930-935.
Shearman, R. C. and Beard, J.B. 2002. Potassium nutrition effects on Agrostis palustris Huds. wear tolerance. World Congress of Golf Journal. 4:667-675.
Shortman, S. L.; Braman, S. K.; Duncan, R. R.; Hanna, W. W.; Engelke, M. C. 2002. Evaluation of turfgrass species and cultivars for potential resistance to twolined spittlebug (Hemiptera: Cercopidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. 95:478-486.
Suplick-Ploense, M. R., Qian, Y. L., Read, J. C. 2002. Relative NaCl tolerance of Kentucky bluegrass, Texas bluegrass, and their hybrids. Crop Sci. 42:2025-2030.
Wu, L.; Green, R. L.; Liu, G.; Yates, M. V.; Pacheco, P.; Gan, J.; Yates, S. R. 2002. Partitioning and persistence of trichlorfon and chlorpyrifos in a creeping bentgrass putting green. J. Env. Qual. 31:889-895.
Wu, L.; Liu, G.; Yates, M. V.; Green, R. L.; Pacheco, P.; Gan, J.; Yates, S. R. 2002. Environmental fate of metalaxyl and chlorothalonil applied to a bentgrass putting green under southern California climatic conditions. Pest Management Science. 58:335-342.
Yuen, G. Y.; Jochum, C. C.; Giesler, L. J.; Shulski, M. D.; Walter-Shea, E. A.; Hubbard, K. G.; Horst, G. L. 2002. UV-B biodosimetry in turfgrass canopies. Crop Science. 42:859-868.