Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Attendees C. Y. Hu (Western Rep), Walter De Jong (Northeast), Max Martin, Steve Slack, Dona Sklarczyk Gary Kinard, John Bamberg, Gary Kinard, Dave Spooner, Creighton Miller Southern), Jr., Steve Reilling , Murali Bandla, John Bamberg made a presentation to Natonal Potato Council in the past year. Jorge Coco Abad will replace Suzanne Hurtt shortly at Quarantine in Beltsville, MD.. Jeff Stark was selected to be the Western Rep, but declined in the end. Many members assumed that Isabel Vales was the rep. The West goes unrepresented this time. Richard Guthrie will be representing the Southern Region as AA. Agenda approved Last years minutes approved Resolution Committee established, Chuck Brown, Creighton Miller Dave Spooner Listed Projects and activities which are also in the report. Reciprocity issue for collecting is still not resolved. Nobody is collecting in Andean Countries. Discussed single point of origin of potato from Northern Brevicaule complex. This means that the ancestry of all cultivated potato is from this source. Subcontinent Indian landraces are of Chilean origin. Domingo Ríos is in Tenerife and in charge of the Canaries potato germplasm. Mexican landraces are recent based on lack of linguistic, archeaological, written records. We discussed the ownership debates over germplasm with no new conclusions. John Bamberg discussed his report. The monthly reports were discussed and most members indicated that were informative. Collecting: considering whether we should put more effort into collecting in hard to reach places. Max Martin is in charge of disease abatement. PSTV. They use Agdia to test for it. PSTV material might be better discarded. Materials that come from off-station should be grown off-site first, particularly in regard to PSTV. Jessy Schartner is engaged in germination research. Apomicitic phenomena are being studied as well . Late fruit maturation is an occasional issue. Fruit remains small with corolla attached. Evaluation: Goal is to make tools and opportunities for other researchers. Mutants. Nutritional issues. Anti-cancer factors, antioxidants, potassium. In other words, promote the good things about potato. Frost resistance. Finishing that project. Sharing with CIP colleagues. Developmental mutants. One example is development of sepals instead of the flower. Might be useful as a tool for studying floral developing. Tuber pH in exotic species is a project. Effects on disease resistance, processing quality. Solanum microdontum was chosen as a taxon for multiplexing study. Use of neutral markers may not be the best markers to use. Sequence related to function will displace this in the future. Is it hypothetically possible that a bioinformaticist should be functioning in collaboration with vast sequence resources. For instance, determining the sequence of genes important in carbohydrate metabolism. A discussion of the acceptance of transgenics ensued. No one seems to know how transgenic potato will become acceptable in North America, but it is on track for commercialization in India and China. 2005 was high point with a total of 20,000 units distributed. Association of potato intergenebank collaborators (APIC) initiatives. John Bamberg traveled to CIP to reinvigorate this activity. Walter De Jong reported on Northeast Region see Annual report. Creighton Miller reported on Southern Region see Annual report. We discussed the value of 4x-2x crosses that were originally seen as a means of inserting wild species genes into tetraploid germplasm. 4x -2x crosses have fallen by the wayside due to the difficulty of obtaining several combined traits and a high rate of 2n pollen production combined with fecundity. Steve Slack made several comments on administrative matters. Should we allow visitor participants at the meeting without them having official function. One of the issues is who pays for it. The experiment station directors may not pay for official delegates or visitors. There is an effort to remove formula funds and make them national competitive funds. As projects end the money will be siphoned into a competitive grant system. Multistate projects would go from 25% to 50% and become competitively funded. House has indicated its support not to change the system. How many cycles will it have to go through before it is lost. Agricultural funding has not had an increase in twenty years. NIH has a big hook to hang things on. Like Cancer. Ag Research has many agendas with many groups pitching their topic of interest. Don Sklarczyk reported on the history of the NPC and NPPB. The National Potato Council has John Keeling and two staff members. Growers are all volunteer based made up of five vice presidents. The organization is heavily dependent on grower volunteers. Levies to support these organization are 1.5 cents and 2.0 cents for NPC and NPPB, respectively. NPC seeks funds from other sources. Friends of the Industry. NPC can get grants. Du Pont supplies $10 k per year. Very active group. Make sure that committees are very active. NPC tries to provide one voice for the potato industry. John has interacted on the new farm bill. Specialty crops group was formed. Cohesive voice for specialty crops in the new farm bill. Would like to see funding equity 50% comes from specialty crops and only 3% of farm payments comes back. Like to see more money to come back into development and research programs. NPPB has to make sure that anything they do is not construed as lobbying because they are under federal oversight. Budget Talk The reduction of funding means that there will be a conversion of personnel to Federal employment. Also the manner in which funding will be offset by federal funds is unscheduled. Removing employees from state positions means they are terminated from that position, and placement in a federal appointment means that they start a new job. There is no way to make all forms of remuneration equivalent. NRSP-6 funding of travel costs may need to be reduced. It is never in the budget. Meeting in Sturgeon Bay in 2007. June 19 and 20. Tuesday and Wednesday. Dave Douches was elected secretary for 2007. Secretarys Review 1. Advocate that NRSP-6 study the possible change in activities (additional activities) in relation to the availability of extensive sequence once the potato genome is fully sequenced. 2. Description of single point of origin research lead to clarification of implications for germplasm workers. 3. Whether potato in higher latitudes comes from Andes or Southern Chile is still an active area of debate. There are implications on germplasm improvement. 4. Discussion of what to do with PSTV infected material. 5. Discussion of retirement of Suzanne Hurtt and accession to the position of Jorge Abad. 6. NPC and NPPB are important organizations that do a lot with small number of staff. We are grateful that they do that. 7. Emphasize that Quarantine servicing of potato germplasm needs is good, and in vitro introduction immediately and clean up service and facilitated a number of research goals. We would like Jorge Abad to come to our meetings 8. Budget discussions center on how to adjust to funding reductions that may or may not be made up for by ARS increases. Resolution: Whereas the NRSP-6 committee enjoyed wonderful hospitality and facilities; and Whereas Candice Gardner was an exemplary host; and Whereas all participants learned a great deal and was able to impart knowledge in a comfortable and beautiful setting; and Whereas the tour of facilities was well-organized and technically rich; and Whereas the staff that carries out the research and curatorial activities does an outstanding job; and Whereas David Spooner is a pre-eminent world authority on potato taxonomy and John Bamberg is an outstanding researcher and curator of North Americas Potato Germplasm Collection; and Whereas Bob Westerman served as Adminstrative Advisor from the Southern Be it hereby resolved That TAC expresses its gratitude and sincere appreciation to all these individuals. A motion That the national potato council representative be an official voting member of the TAC. By Creighton Miller seconded by Walter De Jong. Passed. Respectfully submitted, Charles R. Brown Secretary 2006

A. Introduction of New Stocks Dr. Bamberg, Dr. Alfonso del Rio, and Charles Fernandez (US Potato Genebank) had a successful collecting expedition to the Huachuca Wilderness in southeast Arizona and the Santa Catalina Mountains near Tucson, Arizona in September of 2005 (supported with extramural funding from USDA). They collected 14 new accessions, 13 of S. stoloniferum and one S. jamesii from the Chiricahua Wilderness. For 50 years the only available germplasm from this area consisted of a few collections from spots easily accessible by road. New collections were from sites accessible only through camping and extensive hiking. This will be a test case of an important question about germplasm collecting: Do samples from sites easy to access adequately represent the genetics in a geographic area, or is there much more work that should be done to access more remote sites? They also collected two S. stolonifenum from the Santa Catalina Mountains, both near two previous herbarium collection sites. A total of 22 accessions were assigned PI numbers in 2005: two PVY resistant varieties from the UK, five late blight resistant clones from Mexico, one S. soestii from Bolivia, and 14 accessions collected from the SW United States. These accessions are now available from the NRSP-6 Solanum germplasm collection. Several steps were taken in the past year to promote and inform researchers of NRSP-6s services and stocks. The NRSP-6 web page (http://www.ars-grin.gov/nr6) has been updated and made more user friendly. Clientele that have ordered from NRSP-6 in the past four years are contacted three times per year informing them of new materials that are now available either as true seed, tubers, in vitro plantlets, or herbarium samples. A new service we are offering is dried ground leaf samples for DNA testing. For foreign requesters this is useful since there are no quarantine restrictions on dried material. B. Preservation and Increase of Stocks In 2005, a total of 175 accessions were increased as botanical seed populations. A total of 900 potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) tests were performed on seed increase parents, seedlots and research materials. Germination tests were performed on 1199 accessions, ploidy determinations were made on nine accessions, and tetrazolium seed viability tests were done on 100 seedlots. Progress was made on several international collaborative projects. We are working with CIP on a project to assess the impact of agrichemicals on pollen and seed viability of wild species (oral presentation at the PAA06). We planned a study to look at the prevalence of hidden recessives and diversity of nematode resistance alleles in S. andigena with Russian (VIR) colleagues. Work continued with Dr. C. Millers lab screening for antioxidants in uncolored wild potato species tubers. Previous screening among species identified ones with promising levels of tuber antioxidant capacity. Some diploid Mexican species seem to have high antioxidants in common: S. cardiophyllum, S. jamesii, and S. pinnatisectum (paper submitted AJPR 3/2006). Continued fine screening is discovering high levels of antioxidants in species that are more crossable to tuberosum and known to have acceptably low levels of glycoalkaloids. We explored the potential of using a potato-based in vitro Agrobacterium tumefaciens system to screen for anti-tumor factors. The Potato Crop Germplasm Committee (CGC) also sponsored a funded grant proposal to screen for Potato Carboxypeptidase Inhibitor (PCI), a small heat-stable protein unique to potato that has been shown to efficiently inhibit proliferation of some of the most pernicious human cancers. Frost resistant breeding work continues with recurrent selection of S. tuberosum, S. acaule and S. commersonii hybrids. Materials are now maturing earlier with the introgression of very early varieties, and some selections have been confirmed to survive in vitro leaf freezing to 5oC. In a related study, substitution backcross families were used to show that cytoplasm is not a factor in the extreme frost hardiness of S. commersonii. We discovered a new floral development mutant in S. microdontum which we have named crazy sepal because it grows multiple (indeterminate) sets of sepals instead of anthers and pistils. This is a potential tool for studying floral development, and may have other applications as a completely sterile mutant. Progeny tests indicate monogenic recessive gene action. Attempts to artificially restore fertility are in progress as well as the generation of DNA markers to tag the recessive cs1 allele (short communication in AJPR). Testing was continued in an effort to confirm and characterize apomixis in S. jamesii. A field tuberization location in Hawaii was tested and appears to be effective. Until now, the only other way to produce tubers of wild species has been in winter greenhouse pots, and such tubers might not give a true indication of their potential value with respect to a variety of tuber traits. Plant parts are known to vary widely for pH, but little is known about the variation, basis, or utility of pH extremes in potato tubers. When pH was measured on species of the mini-core collection, replicates over years and populations gave rather consistent results, with S. polytrichon, S. pinnatisectum and S. papita being the most acidic. Cultivated species, S. verrucosum and S. okadae, were least acidic. The observed range of pH (5.5-6.1) represents a 4-fold difference in H ion concentration. We intend to fine-screen among genotypes within species to find the limits of tuber acidity, then characterize the physiology, genetics and impact on economic traits like disease resistances and processing quality (oral presentation at the PAA06). We want to see if we can do more efficient research by combining many initiatives. Solanum microdontum is remarkably extreme and variable for several characteristics (acid, potassium, calcium, late blight, and antioxidants). We will characterize all the S. mcd for these traits. We also want to collect and analyze DNA to see if gross genetic differences are a guide to variation for useful traits. C. Classification Dr. Spooner et al. have published and are working on five different areas of potato research: 1) a manual on the use of molecular markers for genebank studies, 2) on studies in cultivated potato origins, 3) on molecular investigations of relationships in wild tomatoes and potatoes, 4)on an exploration of the predictive power of taxonomy relative to disease resistance data, 5) on a molecular linkage map of late blight in wild potatoes. D. Distribution NRSP-6 distributed 3,929 units of seed (not including in-house use); 135 tuber families; 1,106 tuber clones; 732 in vitro stocks; 368 DNA samples; and 157 plants in plugs to clientele in 30 states of the USA and 12 other countries. Internally NRSP-6 used 13,566 units of seed for seed backup, chromosome counts, germination tests, identification and taxonomic check plantings, in vitro maintenance, seed increases, PSTV tests, and miscellaneous plantings. The volume and types of stocks sent to various consignee categories are summarized in the table which is included in the attachment with the minutes.

Bamberg, J.B., J.P. Palta, and S.E. Vega. 2005. Solanum commersonii cytoplasm does not improve freezing tolerance in substitution backcross hybrids with frost-sensitive potato species. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:251-254. Busse, J., J.B. Bamberg and J.P. Palta. 2005. Genetic variations for calcium accumulation efficiency in tuber and aerial shoot tissue. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:60. (Abstract) Del Rio, Alfonso, J.B. Bamberg and C. Fernandez. 2005. Assessment of the genetic structure of in situ populations of wild potato Solanum fendleri eco-geographically dispersed in the Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona, USA. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract) del Rio, A.H., J.B. Bamberg and Z. Huaman. 2005. Assessment of putative identical germplasm collections at CIP and US Potato genebanks determined by RAPD and SSR markers. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:66. (Abstract) Fernandez, C.J. and J.B. Bamberg. 2005. A new Solanum fendleri mutant lacking purple pigment. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:69. (Abstract) Kiru, S., S. Makovskaya, J. Bamberg, and A. del Rio. 2005. New sources of resistance to race Ro1 of the Golden nematode (Globodera rostochiensis Woll.) among reputed duplicate germplasm accessions of Solanum tuberosum L. subsp. andigena (Juz. et Buk.) Hawkes in the VIR (Russian) and US Potato Genebanks. Genet. Resources and Crop Evol. 52:145-149. Lara-Cabrera, S. and D.M. Spooner. 2005. Taxonomy of Mexican diploid wild potatoes: (Solanum sect. Petota) morphological and microsatellite data. Monogr. Syst. Bot., Missouri Bot. Gard. 104:199-205. Lozoya-Saldana, H., O. Barrios and J. Bamberg. 2005. Phytophthora infestans; races vs genotypes in the Toluca Valley, Mexico. Am. J. Potato Res. 83:122. (Abstract) Nzaramba, Ndambe M., John Bamberg, Douglas C. Scheuring, and J. Creighton Miller, Jr. 2005. Antioxidant activity in Solanum species as influenced by seed type and growing location. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract) Spooner, D.M. and W.L.A. Hetterscheid. 2005. Origins, evolution, and group classification of cultivated potatoes. In: Darwins Harvest: New Approaches to the Origins, Evolution, and Conservation of Crops. T.J. Motley, N. Zerega, and H. Cross (eds.). pp. 285-307. Colombia University Press, New York. Spooner, D.M., K. McLean, G. Ramsay, R. Waugh, and G.J. Bryan. 2005. A single domestication for potato based on multilocus AFLP genotyping. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 120:14694-14699. Spooner, D.M., J. Nunez, F. Rodriguez, P.S. Naik, and M. Ghislain. 2005. Nuclear and chloroplast DNA reassessment of the origin of Indian potato varieties and its implications for the origin of the early European potato. Theor. Appl. Genet. 110:1020-1026. Spooner, D.M., I. Peralta and S. Knapp. 2005. AFLP phylogeny of wild tomatoes (Solanum L. section Lycopersicon [Mill.] Wettst. subsection Lycopersicon. Taxon. 54:43-61. Vega, S.E., J.B. Bamberg and J.P. Palta. 2005. Characterization of gibberellin requirements for various diploid and tetraploid gibberellin deficient mutants. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:94. (Abstract) Vega, S.E., J.P. Palta and J.B. Bamberg. 2005. Evidence for the mitigation of gibberellin deficiency symptoms by root zone calcium in GA-deficient mutants of potato. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:94-95. (Abstract) Villamon, F.G., D.M. Spooner, M. Orillo, E. Mihovilovich, W. Perez, and M. Bonierbale. 2005. Late blight resistance linkages in a novel cross of the wild potato species Solanum paucissectum (series Piurana). Theor. Appl. Genet. 111:1201-1214. A. Journal Articles and Abstracts Reporting Research with NRSP-6 Stocks Aversano, R., M.J. Sanchez, D. Carputo, L. Frusciante, and J.M. Bradeen. 2005. Molecular strategies for the efficient characterization of resistance gene marker and allelic diversity in Solanum species. Solanaceae Genome Workshop, Ischia, Italy, September 2005. (Abstract) Aversano, R., R.L. Syverson, E.A. Quirin, D. Carputo, and J.M. Bradeen. 2005. Development of integrated molecular marker resources for resistance gene mapping and exploration of resistance gene diversity in the genus Solanum. Presented at Annual Congress Societa Italiana di Genetica Agraria XLIX, Potenza, September 12-15, 2005. (Abstract) Aversano, R., R.L. Syverson, E.A. Quirin, D. Carputo, and J.M. Bradeen. 2005. R gene mapping and isolation in the genus Solanum: Towards an expandable, communal resource of integrated physical and genetic maps for candidate R genes. Presented at Triennial Conference of the European Assoc. for Potato Research XVI, Bilbao, Spain, July 2005. (Abstract) Aversano, R., E.A. Quirin, R.L. Syverson, D. Carputo, and J.M. Bradeen. 2005. Development of integrated Solanum bulbocastanum genetic and physical maps as a communal resource for mapping and isolation of R genes. Presented at Plant & Animal Genome XIII, San Diego, CA, January 2005. (Abstract) Belknap, W.R. 2005. Modification of potato alkaloids- a lesson in applied metabolomics. Presented at American Chemical Society, Agrochemicals Division Symposium, ACS National Meeting, San Diego, California, March 2005. (Abstract) Bisognin, D.A., D.S. Douches, L. Buszka, G. Bryan, and D. Wang. 2005. Mapping late blight resistance in Solanum microdontum Bitter. Crop Sci. 45:340-345. Boltowicz, D., A. Szczerbakowa and B. Wielgat. 2005. RAPD analysis of the interspecific somatic hybrids Solanum bulbocastanum (+) S. tuberosum. Cell. Mol. Bio. Letters 10(1):151-162. Braden, J.M., M.J. Sanchez, R.L. Syverson, R. Aversano, D.S. Mollov, and D. Carputo. 2005. Understanding molecular diversity: towards strategic sampling of genebank collections. Solanaceae Genome Workshop, Ischia, Italy, September 2005. (Abstract) Brown, C.R. 2005. Antioxidants in Potato. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:163-172. Brown, C.R., D. Culley, C.P. Yang, R. Durst, and R. Wrolstad. 2005. Variation of anthocyanins and Carotenoid contents and associated antioxidant values in potato breeding lines. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 130:174-180. Brown, C.R., W. De Jong and C.-P. Yang. 2005. Inheritance of total Carotenoid in high-content diploid germplasm. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract) Bu QingYun, Wu Liang, Yang ShiHu, and Wan JianMin. 2005. Cloning, characterization and expression vector construction of potato protease-inhibitor II gene (PIN II-2x) from diploid potato (Solanum phureja). Hereditas 27:417-422. Burkhart, C.R., B.J. Christ and K.G. Haynes. 2005. The relative virulence of various isolates of Fusarium species on potato. Presented at the American Phytopathology Meeting 2005. Burkhart, C.R., B.J. Christ and K.G. Haynes. 2005. Heritability of resistance to Fusarium dry rot in a diploid hybrid potato population. Presented at the American Phytopathology Meeting 2005. Carputo, D. and A. Barone. 2005. Ploidy level manipulations in potato through sexual hybridization. Annals of Appl. Bio. 146:71-79. Chen, Qin and H.Y. Li. 2005. An improved technique for high-resolution mitotic chromosome studies in Solanum. HortSci. 40:54-56. Chen, Q., H.B. Zhang and D. De Koeyer. 2005. Development of genomic tools for large-scale physical mapping and map-based cloning of disease and insect resistance genes in potato. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Poster Abstract) Costanzo, S., I. Simko, B.J. Christ, and K.G. Haynes. 2005. QTL analysis of late blight resistance in a diploid potato family of Solanum phureja x S. stenotomum. Theor. Appl. Genet. 111:609-617. Davenport, J.R., P.H. Milburn, C.J. Rosen, and R.E. Thornton. 2005. Environmental impacts of potato nutrient management. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:321-328. Davis, Jeffrey A., Edward B. Radcliffe, David W. Ragsdale, and Christian A. Thill. 2005. Identifying resistance to aphids in crosses with somatic fusions of Solanum tuberosum L. and Solanum bulbocastanum Dun. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract) De Koeyer, D., Y. Pelletier, D. Ronis, C. Clark, and V. Burns. 2005. Solanum oplocense: A new source of resistance to Colorado potato beetle and processing quality attributes. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract) Dinu, I.I., R.J. Hayes, R.G. Kynast, R.L. Phillips, and C.A. Thill. 2005. Novel inter-series hybrids in Solanum, section Petota. Theor. Appl. Genet. 110:403-415. Estrada, Maria A. and David S. Douches. 2005. Potato tuberworm (Lepidoptera: Gelichiidae) resistance in potato lines with the Bacillus thuringiensis-cry1Ac gene and natural resistance factors. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Poster Abstract) Feingold, S., J. Lloyd, N. Norero, M. Bonierbale, and J. Lorenzen. 2005. Mapping and characterization of new EST-derived microsatellites for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 111:456-466. Flis, B., J. Hennig, D. Strzelczyk-Zyta, C. Gebhardt, and W. Marczewski. 2005. The Ry-fsto gene from Solanum stoloniferum for extreme resistant to Potato virus Y maps to potato chromosome XII and is diagnosed by PCR marker GP122718 in PVY resistant potato cultivars. Molecular Breeding 15:95-101. Ganga, Z.N., G.A. Porter, D. Lambert, G. Sewell, and A. Bushway. 2005. Reeves Kingpin: A high yielding mid-season variety suitable for fry processing. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Poster Abstract) Germain, H., E. Chevalier, S. Caron, and D.P. Matton. 2005. Characterization of five RALF-like genes from Solanum chacoense provides support for a developmental role in plants. Planta 220:447-454. Gounaris, Y. 2005. Asymmetric potato cybrids derived from protoplast fusion between the selection ND860-2 and the cultivar Russet Burbank. J. Food, Ag. Environ. 3:157-160. Groza, H.I., B.D. Bowen, D. Kichefski, S.J. Peloquin, W.R. Stevenson, A.J. Bussan, and J. Jiang. 2005. Millennium Russet: A dual purpose russet potato variety. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:211-219. Hayes, R.J., I.I. Dinu and C.A. Thill. 2005. Unilateral and bilateral hybridization barriers in inter-series crosses of 4x 2EBN Solanum stoloniferum, S. pinnatisectum, S. cardiophyllum, and 2x 2EBN S. tuberosum haploids and haploid-species hybrids. Sexual Plant Reproduction 17:303-311. Haynes, K.G. and B.J. Christ. 2005. Improvements in foliar late blight resistance in a diploid hybrid Solanum phureja  S. stenotomum population. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract) Haynes, K.G., B.J. Christ, R.T. Zink, R.D. Davidson, and J.S. Miller. 2005. Powdery scab trials of potato varieties and advanced selections in 2003. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Poster Abstract) Ishizaki, T. and A. Kato. 2005. Introduction of the tobacco Retrotransposon Tto1 into diploid potato. Plant Cell Reports 24(1):52-58. Jung, C.S., H.M. Griffiths, D.M. De Jong, S. Cheng, M. Bodis, and W.S. De Jong. 2005. The potato P locus codes for flavonoid 3,5-hydroxylase. Theor. Appl. Genetics 110:269-275. Khu, D.M., S.L. Love and J.H. Lorenzen. 2005. Identification of AFLP and SSR markers associated with corky ringspot disease resistance in a tetraploid population (Solanum tuberosum ssp. tuberosum). Am. J. Potato Res. 83:117. (Abstract) Kim-Lee, Neiyoung, J.S. Moon, Y.J. Hong, M.S. Kim, and H.M. Cho. 2005. Bacterial wilt resistance in the progenies of the fusion hybrids between haploid of potato and Solanum commersonii. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:129-137. Kirk, W.W., F.M. Abu-El Samena, J.B. Muhinyuzaa, R. Hammerschmidt, D.S. Douches, C.A. Thill, H. Groza, and A.L. Thompson. 2005. Evaluation of potato late blight management utilizing host plant resistance and reduced rates and frequencies of fungicide applications. Crop Protection 24:961-970. Kuhl, Joseph C. and D.S. Douches. 2005. Characterization of RB transgenic potato lines. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract) Lambert, D.H., M.L. Powelson, and W.R. Stevenson. 2005. Nutritional interactions influencing diseases of potato. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:309-319. Lebecka, R., E. Nimnoch-Guzowska, and Z. Kaczmarek. 2005. Resistance to soft rot (Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica) in tetraploid potato families obtained from 4x-2x crosses. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:203-210. Lehesranta, S.J., H.V. Davies, L.V.T. Shepherd, N. Nunan, J.W. McNicol, S. Auriola, K.M. Koistinen, S. Suomalainen, H.I. Kokko, and S.O. Karenlampi. 2005. Comparison of tuber proteomes of potato varieties, landraces, and genetically modified lines. Plant Physio. 138:1690-1699. Leroux, V., C. Vincent, E. Lucas, Y. Pelletier, D. Quiring, and P. Giordanengo. 2005. Aphid resistance in wild potatoes: A laboratory study. Presented at European Association for Potato Research Triennial Meeting, Bilbao, Spain, July 17-22, 2005. (Abstract) Li, H.Y., Q. Chen, D. Beasley, and M. Goettel. 2005. Karyotype and evaluation analysis of Mexican wild species and tetraploid potato Solanum tuberosum by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Poster Abstract) Li X-Q, H. De Jong, D.M. De Jong, and W.S. De Jong. 2005. Inheritance and genetic mapping of tuber eye depth in cultivated diploid potatoes. Theor. Appl. Genet. 110:1068-1073. Love, S.L., R. Novy, J. Whitworth, D.L. Corsini, J.J. Pavek, A.R. Mosley, R.E. Thornton, N.R. Knowles, S.R. James, and D.C. Hane. 2005. Summit Russet: A new russet potato variety with good fresh market and frozen processing qualities. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:425-432. McCue, K.F., L.V.T. Shepherd, P.V. Allen, M.M. Maccree, D.R. Rockhold, D.L. Corsini, H.V. Davies, and W.R. Belknap. 2005. Metabolic compensation of steroidal glycoalkaloid biosynthesis in transgenic potato tubers: using reverse genetics to confirm the in vivo enzyme function of a steroidal alkaloid glycosyltransferase. Plant Science 168:267-273. McCue, K.F., P.V. Allen, L.V. Shepherd, A. Blake, J. Whitworth, M.M. Maccree, D.R. Rockhold, D. Stewart, H.V. Davies, and W.R. Belknap. 2005. The primary in vivo steroidal alkaloid glucosyltransferase from potato. Phytochemistry. In Press. McCue, K.F., P.V. Allen, L.V. Shepherd, A. Blake, J.L. Whitworth, D.R. Rockhold, D. Stewart, H.V. Davies, and W.R. Belknap. 2005. Identification and characterization of a novel UDP-glucose: solanidine glucosyltransferase at the committed step in steroidal glycoalkaloid biosynthesis in potatoes. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract) Medeiros, A.H., I. DeLalibera, Jr. and W.M. Tingey. 2005. Aspects of potato leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) biology on Solanum berthaultii and other potato genotypes. J. Econ. Entomol. 98:1704-1709. Meyer, S., A. Nagel and C. Gebhardt. 2005. PoMaMo  a comprehensive database for potato genome data. Nucleic Acids Research 33 (Database issue) Miller Jr., J.C., D.C. Sheuring, J.W. Koym, and D.G. Holm. 2005. TX1523-1Ru/Y a.k.a. Sierra GoldTM: An early maturing, yellow-fleshed russet cultivar for the specialty/gourmet market. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:369-377. Millett, B.P. and J.M. Bradeen. 2005. Does foliar blight resistance R gene RB function for tuber blight control? Presented at Plant & Animal Genome XIII, San Diego, CA, January 2005. (Abstract) Mueller, L.A., T.H. Solow, N. Taylor, B. Skwarecki, R. Buels, J. Binns, C.W. Lin, M.H. Wright, R. Ahrens, Y. Wang, E.V. Herbst, E.R. Keyder, N. Menda, D. Zamir, and S.D. Tanksley. 2005. The SOL Genomics Network. A comparative resource for Solanaceae biology and beyond. Plant Phys. 138:1310-1317. Narayanan, Karthikeyan and Gefu Wang-Pruski. 2005. Gene expression studies on genetic control of after-cooking darkening in diploid potatoes. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract) Navarre, Roy, R. Shakya and J. Holden. 2005. Analysis of tuber phenolics compounds in diverse potato germplasm. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract) Novy, R.G., J.S. Miller, L.D. Porter, S. Yilma, and A.R. Mosley. 2005. Identification and use of Solanum tuberosum subsp. andigena clones having both foliar and tuber resistance to late blight. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract) Novy, Richard G., J.M. Alvarez, S.B. Sterret, T.P. Kuhar, and D. Horton. 2005. Progeny of a tri-species potato somatic hybrid express resistance to wireworm in Eastern and Western potato production regions of the U.S. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract) Novy, Richard G., S.L. Love, D.L. Corsini, J.J. Pavek, J.L. Whitworth, A.R. Mosley, S.R. James, D.C. Hane, C.C. Shock, K.A. Rykbost, C.R. Brown, R.E. Thornton, N.R. Knowles, M.J. Pavek, N. Olsen, and D.A. Inglis. 2005. Defender: A high-yielding, processing potato cultivar with foliar and tuber resistance to late blight. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Poster Abstract) Osumi, T., W.R. Belknap, D.R. Rockhold, M. Maccree, and K.L. Deahl. 2005. Patent approval 11/02/05, Solanum bulbocastanum late blight resistance gene and use thereof #10/647,268. Oyarzun, P.J., J. Yanez and G.A. Forbes. 2005. Evidence for host mediation of preinfection stages of Phytophthora infestans on the leaf surface of Solanum phureja. J. Phytopath. 152:651-657. Ozgen, S. and J.P. Palta. 2005. Supplemental calcium application influences potato tuber number and size. HortSci. 40:102-105. Park, T.H., V.G.A.A. Vleeshouwers, D.J. Huigen, E.A.G. van der Vossen, H.J. van Eck, and R.G.F. Visser. 2005. Characterization and high-resolution mapping of a late blight resistance locus similar to R2 in potato. Theor. Appl. Genet. 111:591-597. Park, TaeHo, J. Gros, A. Sikkema, V.G.A.A. Vleeshouwers, M. Muskens, S. Allefs, E. Jacobsen, R.G.F. Visser, and E.A.G. van der Vossen. 2005. The late blight resistance locus Rpi-blb3 from Solanum bulbocastanum belongs to a major late blight R gene cluster on chromosome 4 of potato. Mol. Pl.-Mic. Inter. 18:722-729. Pelletier, Y. 2005. Resistance of a wild potato to the Colorado potato beetle. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Acadian Entomological Society, Fredericton, NB, Canada, June 19-21, 2005. (Abstract) Pelletier, Y. and C. Clark. 2005. Use of reciprocal grafts to elucidate mode of resistance to Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)) and potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas) in six wild Solanum species. Presented at European Association for Potato Research Triennial Meeting, Bilbao, Spain, July 17-22, 2005. (Poster) Pelletier, Y., C. Clark and D. de Koeyer. 2005. The use of Solanum oplocense as a source of resistance to the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Presented at European Association for Potato Research Triennial Meeting, Bilbao, Spain, July 17-22, 2005. (Abstract) Pelletier, Y., P. Dexter, R. Coffin, M. Bejan, E. Lucas, C. Vincent, V. Leroux, and P. Giordanengo. 2005. Aphid resistance in wild potatoes: Preliminary results of field and laboratory trials. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Entomological Society of America, Canmore, Alberta, Canada, November 2-5, 2005. (Poster) Pelletier, Y., P. Dexter, R. Coffin, M. Bejan, E. Lucas, C. Vincent, V. Leroux, and P. Giordanengo. 2005. Aphid resistance in wild potatoes: Preliminary results on colonization and population development. Presented at European Association for Potato Research Triennial Meeting, Bilbao, Spain, July 17-22, 2005. (Poster) Pelletier, Y., J. Dutheil and D. de Koeyer. 2005. Mode of resistance to the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) of Solanum tarijense. Presented at European Association for Potato Research Triennial Meeting, Bilbao, Spain, July 17-22, 2005. (Abstract) Pianzzola, M.J., L. Zarantonelli, G. Gonzalez, L.F. Fraguas, and A. Vazquez. 2005. Genetic, phytochemical and biochemical analyses as tools for biodiversity evaluation of wild accessions of Solanum commersonii. Biochem. Syst. Eco. 33:67-78. Qin Xike, J. Soulard, G. Laublin, D. Morese, and M. Cappadocia. 2005. Molecular analysis of the conserved C4 region of the S11-RNase of Solanum chacoense. Planta 221:531-537. Quirin, E.A. and J.M. Bradeen. 2005. Towards the optimization of resistance gene analog discovery in Solanum species. Presented at Plant & Animal Genome XIII, San Diego, CA, January 2005. (Abstract) Raimondi, J.P., I.E. Peralta, R.W. Masuelli, S. Feingold, and E.L. Camadro. 2005. Examination of the hybrid origin of the wild potato Solanum ruiz-lealii Brucher. Plant Syst. Evol. 253:33-51. Reyes, L.F., J.C. Miller, Jr., and L. Cisneros-Zevallos. 2005. Antioxidant capacity, anthocyanins and total phenolics in purple- and red-fleshed potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:271-277. Sanchez, Maria J. and James M. Bradeen. 2005. Towards efficient isolation of R gene orthologs from multiple genotypes: optimization of Long Range-PCR. Molecular Breeding. (In press) Simko, I., S. Costanzo, V. Ramanjulu, B.J. Christ, and K.G. Haynes. 2005. Mapping polygenes for tuber resistance to late blight in a diploid Solanum phureja  S. stenotomum hybrid population. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Poster Abstract) Sowokinos, J.S. Gupta and C.A. Thill. 2005. Introduction of an anti-sweetening gene (UgpA) from the cultivar Snowden into chipping cultivar Dakota Pearl. Presented at XVI Triennial Conference of the European Assoc. for Potato Research, Bilbao, Spain. Stark, J.C. and G.A. Porter. 2005. Potato nutrient management in sustainable cropping systems. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:329-338. Sterrett, S.B., K.G. Haynes and Dennis J. Timlin. 2005. Temperature regime in growth chamber identified for expression of internal heat necrosis. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Poster Abstract) Sukhotu, T., O. Kamijima and K. Hosaka. 2005. Genetic diversity of the Andean tetraploid cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L. subsp. andigena Hawkes) evaluated by chloroplast and nuclear DNA markers. Genome 48:55-64. Szczerbakowa, A., D. Boltowicz, R. Lebecka, P. Radomski, and B. Wielgat. 2005. Characteristics of the interspecific somatic hybrids Solanum pinnatisectum (+) S. tuberosum H-8105. Acta Phys. Plant. 27(3(A)):265-273. Thill, C.A. and I.I. Dinu. 2005. Examining chromosomal interactions in inter-series hybrids of Solanum ssp, section Petota. Presented at XVI Triennial Conference of the European Assoc. for Potato Research, Bilbao, Spain. Thill, C.A. and J. Miller. 2005. Minnesota potato breeding program progress report-2005. Proc. of the 35th Annual Meeting, NCR-84 Potato Breeding and Genetics Technical Committee, Chicago, Illinois, January 2005. Thompson, A.L., R.G. Novy, B.L. Farnsworth, G.A. Secor, N.C. Gudmestad, J.R. Sowokinos, E.T. Holm, J.H. Lorenzen, and D. Preston. 2005. Dakota Pearl: An attractive, bright white-skinned, cold-chipping cultivar with tablestock potential. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:481-488. Trabelsi, S., R. Garbouri-Bouzid, F. Vedel, A. Nato, L. Lakhoua, and N. Drira. 2005. Somatic hybrids between potato Solanum tuberosum and wild species Solanum vernei exhibit a recombination in the pastome. Plant Cell, Tissue & Organ Culture 83:1-11. Vaananen, T., T Ikonen, V.M. Rokka, P. Kuronen, R. Serimaa, and V. Ollilainen. 2005. Influence of incorporated wild Solanum genomes on potato properties in terms of starch nanostructure and glycoalkaloid content. J. Ag. Food Chem. 53:5313-5325. Veilleux, R.E. 2005. Cell and tissue culture of potato (Solanaceae). In: Genetic Improvement of Solanaceous Crops, Vol. I: Potato, M.K. Razdan and A.K. Mattoo (eds.), Science Publishers, Inc., Enfield, NH, pp. 184-208. Westermann, D.T. 2005. Nutritional requirements of potatoes. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:301-307. Theses Reporting Research with NRSP-6 Stocks Dinu, I.I. 2005. Introgression of wild Solanum species germplasm into cultivated potato gene pool using EBN manipulation. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Minnesota, 138 pp. Sanchez, Maria J. 2005. Allelic mining for late blight resistance in wild Solanum species belonging to series Bulbocastana. M.S. Thesis, University of Minnesota, 180 pp. Villamon, Francisco. 2005. Late blight resistance linkages in a novel cross of the wild potato species Solanum paucissectum (series Piurana). M.S. Thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.