Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Summary of minutes is enclosed in the attached PDF.

Accomplishments

Cotter

Objective 3. Cotter Laboratory continues to expand descriptions of plasmacyte (PC) variation. In SPF chickens housed in isolators it is shown that PCs are able to attach to one another as an indication of reactivity/toxicity. PCs may be further differentiated into primitive (deep blue), intermediate (gray), and mature types (sky blue) cytoplasm. In ducklings PCs can form cell-to-cell associations “toroids” as an indication of reactivity. PCs of mature ducks can form “rosettes” by surrounding themselves with a wreath of RBCs. Giant (neoplastic) plasmacytoid cells have been recognized in experimental chickens infected with Marek’s virus.

Lamont

Objective 1.  Spleen transcriptome sequencing and overexpression in DF-1 cells demonstrated an important role of LncIRF1 in cellular response to ALV-J.

Objective 3. ISU chicken genetic lines were reproduced and maintained and shared for collaborative research.

Taylor

Objective 1.  Ongoing chicken alloantigen research has identified genes responsible for multiple systems. Analyses of SNP from individual or pooled DNA having defined alloantigen genotypes, as well as inbred line sequences aided the identification of systems A, D, E, H, and I as C4BPM, CD99, FCAMR, CD146 (MCAM), and RHCE, respectively. Alloantigen allele frequencies differed significantly between lines selected for high or low antibody response against sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Virginia Tech high antibody (VT-HAS) and low antibody (VT-LAS) lines, generation 48, as well as Wageningen lines control (WUR-CON), high antibody (WUR-HA) and low antibody (WUR-LA), generation 32 were studied. Allele frequencies for alloantigens A, E, B, and D were altered in both high antibody (VT-HAS, WUR-HA) lines compared with their respective low antibody (VT-LAS, WUR-LA) lines. Alloantigen I allele frequencies differed in VT-HAS vs VT-LAS lines but not WUR-HA vs WUR-LA. The WUR selected lines allele frequencies differed from the WUR-CON except for the D system in WUR-LA. Selection for antibody titer impacts local and systemic cytokine profile in generation 48 of VT-HAS and VT-LAS lines. The anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL4, and pro-inflammatory chemokine, CXCL8, were significantly higher in VT-HAS spleen cells compared with those from VT-LAS. Pro-inflammatory IL6 cytokine was higher in VT-LAS peripheral blood leukocytes versus VT-HAS. Both IL6 and IL10 were higher in VT-LAS females compared with males from that line.

Objective 3. West Virginia University maintained two inbred lines, four congenic lines and five line crosses station research and collaborative projects. Genetic stocks are typed at the MHC and other alloantigen systems. West Virginia University (WVU) held alloantisera produced by Dr. W. E. Briles at Northern Illinois University (NIU). The 243 alloantisera reacting against 74 different antigens, include most alloantigen systems.

Selvaraj

Objective 3. A study evaluated the efficacy of two killed Salmonella bacterin vaccine, administered intramuscularly- in layers. The first vaccine had 97% S. typhimurium and 3% Immune Plus® with preservatives and adjuvants. The second vaccine was synthesized with 77% S. typhimurium, 10% Klebsiella strain KP9580, 10% Klebsiella strain KPZBT01, and 3% Immune Plus® with preservatives and adjuvants. These results indicate that the killed bacterin vaccine produces an increase in serum antibody titer and could be a potential viable vaccine candidate against Salmonella infection in layers. A second study identified that synbioitcs improved the production performance by decreasing mid-gut lesions and enhancing protective immunity during necrotic enteritis infection.

Erf

Objective 2. Evaluation of the local (GF-pulp) cellular- and systemic (blood) antibody-responses to different formulations, preparations, and dosages of a first and second administration of killed Salmonella vaccines and vaccine components demonstrated heterophil dominated, T cell dependent, immune rersponses. Studies on multifactorial, non-communicable disease using the UCD200/206 and OS autoimmune disease models, provided new insights into autoimmune pathology and revealed aberrant innate immune responses in the UCD-scleroderma model. Objective 3. AR maintained and reproduced genetic lines that spontaneously develop autoimmune diseases. Refined and expanded the use of the growing feather as an in vivo test-tube system to study innate and adaptive immune responses in poultry. The combination of the in vivo test-tube with blood sampling proofed effective in evaluating effects of genetic selection and nutrition on innate immune system development and function.

Song

Objective 1. Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance and immunity in chickens that vary in Marek's disease resistance. Temporal Profiling of the Bursa Transcriptome in Marek's Disease Resistant and Susceptible Chickens.

Broadbent

Objective 2. Molecular characterization of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in the Delmarva (DMV) region.

Objective 3. Antigenic characterization of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in the Delmarva (DMV) region.

Zhou

Objective 1. Improving food security in Africa by enhancing resistance to Newcastle disease virus and heat stress in chickens

Hauck

Objective 2. 1. Assess how infections with coccidia and avian reoviruses (ARV) interact with each other and the immune system

Miller

Objective 1. We conducted tests for a role of MHCY genetics in guiding immune responses.  We tested for the influence of MHCY genetics in the colonization of chickens by Campylobacter.  These studies became possible because of the STR-based typing system for MHCY we recently developed.  The results of these early tests indicate there is indeed a role of the polymorphic MHCY region in immunity and in the interactions of chickens with microbes.  In a genomic analysis, we expanded understanding of the genomic composition of MHCY by identifying many elements in the MHCY haplotype within the RJF reference genome.  The sequence has been annotated in detail.  We found evidence for the presence of multiple blocks of identical and near identical sequence duplicated within the sequence of this haplotype.  There are many copies of MHC class I genes within the sequence.  In addition, using mass spectrometry we found evidence that lysophospholipids are ligands bound by MHCY class I molecules.  The identification of lysophospholipids as ligands within these unusual MHC class I molecules is especially intriguing.  It appears that MHCY class I molecules with distinctively different amino acid sequences bind the same lysophospholipids.  These data support the possibility that MHCY variability among isoforms has more to do with receptor interactions than with ligand binding.  Further studies to define MHCY gene function fits well within the objectives of NE 1834 to characterize the function of genes in poultry to define their role in infectious disease. 

Gallardo

 Objective 3. Mitigation of False Layer Syndrome Through Maternal Antibodies Against Infectious Bronchitis Virus. Histopathological changes in different organs in chicks early challenged or vaccinated with IBV strains. Mimicking Maternally Derived Antibodies for Early Protection Against Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Chicks. Efficacy of a Trivalent Coryza Inactivated Vaccine Against Challenges with Wild Type Avibacterium paragallinarum Serovars A and C. Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus obtained from Mawenzi Live Bird Market in Morogoro, Tanzania in 2020-2021.

Arsenault

Objective 2. a) Evidence indicated that Salmonella could reprogram the host metabolism to increase energy or metabolites available for intracellular replication. We found that infection by Salmonella enterica Enteritidis induced significant phosphorylation changes in many key proteins of the glycolytic pathway in chicken macrophage HD-11 cells, indicating a shift in glycolysis caused by Salmonella infection. The infection reduced glycolysis and enhanced OXPHOS in chicken macrophages as indicated by changes of ECAR and OCR. Salmonella strains differentially affected macrophage polarization and glycolysis. Our results suggested that downregulation of host cell glycolysis and increase of M2 polarization of macrophages may contribute to increased intracellular survival of S. Enteritidis. b) In comparing the effect of a microencapsulated thymol-based blend of botanicals (TBB) with commonly used in-feed antibiotics in broilers during a Salmonella Enteritidis challenge we found body weights remained stable until d35, when blend 1000 was significantly higher than all the other groups (+152 g compared to CTR). The trend of Salmonella counts in ceca for CTR, blend 500, and blend 1000 showed a peak at d14, followed by a progressive decrease until the bacteria at d35 were totally cleared. The thymol-based blend of botanicals at the highest dose had a positive effect on the final body weight. Furthermore, the blend at both doses was able to completely clear S. Enteritidis in broilers, while conventional antibiotics were not effective. c) Chicken enteroids can be an effective model of the chicken gut for screening and mechanistic purposes. Chicken enteroids were generated from chicken embryo crypts and were inoculated with Salmonella and/or treated with Gallinat+ (Gal). We then compared the proteome level changes in phosphorylation, thus the alteration in the underlying signaling pathways through the kinome peptide array technique. The goal is to understand the effects of the Salmonella and treatment on the enteroids as well as determine if the response is similar to that observed in a chicken gut. The Salmonella alone did not elicit an exceptionally strong response in the enteroids as measured by phosphorylation. However, the Gal product did moderate the Salmonella response and return signaling to a more baseline level, both metabolically and immunologically. For product alone the Gal at 0.25 mg/mL had a moderating effect more so than Gal at 0.5 mg/mL as compared to control. The enteroids appear to significantly alter pathways that have been observed in vivo as well, indicating a good model for Salmonella pathogenesis.

Jarosinski

Objective 1.  Determine how allelic variation influences the efficacy of innate and acquired immune functions.

Objective 2. Identify factors and agents affecting poultry immune development, function, dysfunction and pathology.

Objective 3. Develop and employ genetic stocks, methods, reagents and other tools to assess basic immune functions, characterize immune evolutionary processes, guide genetic selection, and increase resistance to or protection against avian diseases.

Parcells

Objective 2. After over a year of struggle, we seem to have a grasp on the use of CRISPR/Cas9 for targeted cleavage and gene insertion into the genome of herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) using transfected RNPs and gene cassettes. We have generated several recombinant HVTs using this technology. In our analysis of the mechanism of MDV virulence evolution, we have found that the mutations in the Meq oncoprotein mediate increased transcription through the binding of an ATP-dependent DNA gyrase (SMARCA4/BRG-1). Through our study of MDV genome uptake, expression and replication using the CU91 cell model, we have concluded that strains of increased virulence express viral genes at a higher level from fewer genome copies and that this may be key to the increased efficiency of transmission scene with MDVs of increased virulence. In terms of MDV latency establishment, we found that a likely first step is methylation of histone 3 at K27 through interaction with EZH2. Suppression of EZH2 leads to the rapid induction of MDV from latency with an increase in MDV genomes and infectious virus.

Koci

Objective 2. Our group has continued to explore the various impacts of diet and nutritional supplementation on the chicken gut microbiome and how changes in the microbiome can influence host physiology and specifically immunity. Over the past year we have continued to analyze 16S DNA sequences from chickens fed two different starter diets with and without a commercial probiotic. These diets both met or exceeded the NCR recommendations for broiler chicks but were not identical did and did differ in terms of form (mash vs crumble). The goal of this experiment was to help understand how much two nutritionally adequate diets, formulated by different nutritionists, and produced in different mills could influence the taxa identified by 16S sequencing.

Day old chicks were randomly assigned to one of four groups: Diet 1 control (D1C), diet 1 probiotic (D1P), diet 2 control (D2C), diet 2 probiotic (D2P). At the start of the experiment, samples of the probiotic premix, and feed were collected for DNA isolation. Chicks were fed ad libitum and 5 animals per group were euthanized at 28 days and digesta contents collected from the crop, gizzard, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and cecum. DNA was isolated from all samples and subjected to 16S sequencing. Analysis of the 16S data demonstrated the basal diet induced a bigger difference in microbiomes than the probiotic. Additionally, the impact of the probiotic on the microbiome was larger in one diet as compared to the other. This is likely due, at least in part, to the higher levels of Lactobacillus found in the one diet, and Lactobacillus is the major constituent of the probiotic.

Interestingly, while the impact the probiotic had on the microbiomes were diet dependent, probiotic induced changes to the immune system were found independent of diet. Collectively these results demonstrate, unsurprisingly, if not frustratingly, that the presence or absence of shifts in microbial taxa cannot be used solely as evidence of microbiome induced changes that can affect the host.

Dalloul

Objective 1. The role of blood system types in the chicken response to a coccidiosis challenge.

Objective 2. Necrotic enteritis in broilers – disease development and host response: A) Assessing dietary phytogenic blends on response of broilers to NE; and B) In ovo administration and water supplementation of a postbiotic positively influence response of broilers to necrotic enteritis.

Objective 3. Characterization and mitigation of blackhead disease in turkey poults using a lateral transmission model of Histom onas meleagridis.

Drechsler and Ng

Objective 1. Identification, Characterization, and Role of Cluster Homolog Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (CHIRs);  and Role of CHIR in the reproductive tract of B2/B2 and B19/B19 haplotypes; Characterizing CHIR in the intestinal tract after coccidia challenge.

Objective 3. Functional Annotation of the Chicken Genome: In collaboration with Dr. Hawkins at the University of Washington, we have continued to optimize all assays to functionally annotate the chicken genome in several immune cells and tissues. A total of 20 cells/tissues will be profiled until the end of 2023 and will be combined with research looking at epigenetic regulation of differential immune responses in chickens of different genetic backgrounds. The investigators are mapping the cis-regulatory elements in macrophages, T-cells, B-cells, reproductive and intestinal tissues, bursa, thymus, and muscle in the Michigan 6x7 F1 line. Immune cells from tissues have been collected after optimizing procedures for maximum yields, such as liver, kidney, lung, and spleen macrophages/T cells. DNA methylation sequencing is completed, and RNA seq results were published of some cells/tissues in 2021, with the rest of the RNA samples being completed and the manuscript in preparation. ATAC seq, ChIP seq, and Hi-Seq samples were collected for the difficult samples and were cryopreserved with optimization of ATAC and CHiP seq being concluded and the procedure changed to use Cut and Tag as methodology, resulting in cleaner data on smaller cell numbers. HiChip optimization is still ongoing.

Collaboration with Dr. Wes Warren at the University of Missouri. Single-cell data was distributed and a team of several collaborators at a variety of institutions is in the process of annotating subpopulations in the bursa, thymus, and spleen. Due to changes in annotations, subpopulations have been reclustered and re-annotated. Manuscript preparation is pending.

Nazmi

Objective 3. Characterize the intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) during the enteric diseases, such as coccidiosis, necrotic enteritis, and salmonellosis.

Publications

Peer Reviewed Publications

Cotter PF, 2023. Bone Marrow and Blood Pictures of Broilers with BCO. J Anim Res Vet Sci 2023, 7: 048 DOI: 10.24966/ARVS-3751/100048

Cotter PF, 2022. Cytogenetics of reactive bone marrow associated with a fungal infection (Hemomycetes avium) of ducklings. World J Vet Sci 4: 1018

Cotter PF, 2022. Stress assessment by the hemogram method - circulating cells complicating reliance on heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio. J Vet Med Res 9(1): 1224. DOI:10.47739/veterinarymedicine-1224

Cotter PF, 2022. A microscopic study of the morphology of reactive thrombocytes of the duckling. J. World Poult. Res. 12(3). https://dx.doi.org/10.36380/jwpr.2022.16

Cotter P, 2022. The Cytology of Resting and Reactive NK Cells of Chickens. Asian Journal of Research in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 5(4), 329-338. https://journalajravs.com/index.php/AJRAVS/article/view/222

Fries-Craft, K., Lamont, S.J., Bobeck, E.A. 2023. Implementing real-time immunometabolic assays and immune cell profiling to evaluate systemic immune response variations to Eimeria challenge in three novel layer genetic lines. Front. Vet. Sci.  DOI 10.3389/fvets.2023.1179198

Pritchett, E.,M., Van Goor, A., Schneider,  B.K., Young, M., Lamont, S.J., Schmidt, C.K. 2023. Chicken pituitary transcriptomic responses to acute heat stress. Mol. Biol. Rep. doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08464-8

Pacheco Santana, T., Gasparino, E., De Souza Khatlab, A., Favaro Elias Pereira, A.M., Teixeira Barbosa, L., Pereira Miranda Fernandes, R., Lamont, S.J., Del Vesco, A.P. 2023. Effects of maternal methionine supplementation on the response of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks to heat stress. J Anim.Sci. doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad042

Warren, W.C., Rice, E.S., Meyer, A., Hearn, C.J., Steep, A., Hunt, H.D., Monson, M.S., Lamont, S.J., Cheng, H.H. 2023. The immune cell landscape and response of Marek’s disease resistant and susceptible chickens infected with Marek’s disease virus. Scientific Rep. 13:5355. doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32308-x

Wang, Y., Saelao, P., Kern, C., Zhao, B., Gallardo, R.A., Kelly, T., Dekkers, J.M., Lamont, S.J., Zhou, H. 2023. Distinct Hypothalamus and Breast Muscle Transcriptomic Response to Heat Stress under Newcastle Disease Virus Infection.  Cytogenet. Genome Res. DOI.org/10.1159/000529376

Smith J., Alfieri, J.M., Anthony, N., Arensburger, P., Athrey, G.N., Balacco, J., Balic, A., Bardou, P., Barela, P., Bigot, Y., Blackmon, H., Borodin, P.M., Rachel Carroll, R., Casono, M.C., Charles, M., Cheng, H., Chiodi, M., Cigan, L., Coghill, L.M., Crooijmans, R., Neelabja Das, N., Davey, S., Davidian, A., Degalez, F., Dekkers, J.M., Derks, M., Diack, A.B., Djikeng, A., Drechsler, Y., Dyomin, A., Fedrigo, O., Fiddaman, S.R., Giulio Formenti, G., Frantz, L.A.F., Fulton, J.E., Gaginskaya, E., Galkina, S., Gallardo, R.A., Geibel, J., Gheyas, A., Godinez, C.J.P., Goodell, A., Graves, J.A.M., Griffin, D.K., Haase, B., Han, J.-L., Hanotte, O., Henderson, L.J., Hou, Z.-C., Howe, K., Huynh, L., Ilatsia, E., Jarvis, E., Johnson, S.M., Kaufman, J., Kelly, T., Kemp, S., Kern, C., Keroack, J.H., Klopp, C., Lagarrigue, S., Lamont, S.J., Lange, M., Lanke, A., Larkin, D., Larson, G., Layos, J.K.N., Lebrasseur, O., Malinovskaya, L.P., Martin, R.J., Martin Cerezo, M.L., Mason, A.S., McCarthy, F.M., McGrew, M.J., Mountcastle, J., Kamidi Muhonja, C., Muir, W., Muret, K.,  Murphy, T., Ng’ang’a, I., Nishibori, M., O’Connor, R.E., Ogugo, M., Okimoto, R., Ouko, O., Patel, H.R., Perini, F., María Pigozzi, M., Potter, K.C., Price, P.D., Reimer, C., Rice, E.S., Rocos, N., Rogers, T.F., Saelao, P., Schauer, J., Schnabel, R., Schneider, V., Simianer, H., Smith, A., Stevens, M.P., Stiers, K., Keambou Tiambo, C., Tixier-Boichard, M., Torgasheva, A.A., Tracey, A., Tregaskes, C.A., Vervelde, L., Wang, Y., Warren, W.C., Waters, P., Webb, D., Weigend, S., Wolc, A., Wright, A.E., Wright, D., Wu, Z., Yamagata, M., Yang, C., Yin, Z.-T., Young, M.C., Zhang, G., Zhao, B., Zhou, H.  2023. Fourth Report on Chicken Genes and Chromosomes 2022. Cytogenet. Genome Res. 162:405–527. DOI.org/10.1159/000529376

Walugembe, M., Naazie, A., Mushi, J.S., Akwoviah, G.A., Mollel, E., Mang'enya, J.A., Wang, Y., Chouicha, N., Kelly, T., Msoffe, P.L.M. Otsyina, H.R., Gallardo, R.A., Lamont, S., Muhairwa, A.P., Kayang, B.B., Zhou, H., Dekkers, J.C.M. 2022. Genetic analyses of response of local Ghanaian and Tanzanian chicken ecotypes to a natural challenge with velogenic Newcastle disease virus. Animals 12:2755. doi.org/10.3390/ani12202755

Fulton. J. E. W. Drobik-Czwarno, A. Wolc, A. M. McCarron, A.R. Lund, C. J. Schmidt and R. L. Taylor, Jr. 2023. CD99 and the chicken alloantigen D blood system. Genes 14:402 https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14020402

He, Y., R. L. Taylor, Jr., H. Bai, C. M. Ashwell, K. Zhao, Y. Li, G. Sun, H. Zhang, and J. Song. 2023. Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance and immunity in chickens that vary in Marek's disease resistance. Poult. Sci. 102: 103036 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2023.103036

Nolin, S. J., C. M. Ashwell, R. L. Taylor, Jr., P. B. Siegel, and F. W. Edens. 2023. Combining supervised machine learning with statistics reveals differential gene expression patterns related to energy metabolism in the jejuna of chickens divergently selected for antibody response to sheep red blood cells. Poult. Sci. 102:102751 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2023.102751

Taylor, R. L., Jr. and M. H. Kogut. 2023. Editorial: Poultry Science manuscript preparation. Poult. Sci. 102:1102732 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2023.102732

Taylor, R. L., Jr. and M. H. Kogut. 2023. Editorial: Poultry Science manuscript revision. Poult. Sci. 102:102982 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2023.102982

Cason, E. E., Al Hakeem, W. G., Adams, D., Shanmugasundaram, R., & Selvaraj, R. (2022). Effects of synbiotic supplementation as an antibiotic growth promoter replacement on cecal Campylobacter jejuni load in broilers challenged with C. jejuni. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 100315. doi:10.1016/j.japr.2022.100315

Akerele, G., Al Hakeem, W. G., Lourenco, J., & Selvaraj, R. K. (2022). The Effect of Necrotic Enteritis Challenge on Production Performance, Cecal Microbiome, and Cecal Tonsil Transcriptome in Broilers. PATHOGENS, 11(8), 16 pages. doi:10.3390/pathogens11080839

Acevedo-Villanueva, K., Akerele, G., Al-Hakeem, W., Adams, D., Gourapura, R., & Selvaraj, R. (2022). Immunization of Broiler Chickens With a Killed Chitosan Nanoparticle Salmonella Vaccine Decreases Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis Load. FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY, 13, 18 pages. doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.920777

Fathima, S., Shanmugasundaram, R., Adams, D., & Selvaraj, R. K. (2022). Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Their Manipulation for Improved Growth and Performance in Chickens. FOODS, 11(10), 30 pages. doi:10.3390/foods11101401

Al Hakeem, W. G., Fathima, S., Shanmugasundaram, R., & Selvaraj, R. K. (n.d.). Campylobacter jejuni in Poultry: Pathogenesis and Control Strategies. Microorganisms, 10(11), 2134. doi:10.3390/microorganisms10112134

Fathima, S., Hakeem, W. G. A., Shanmugasundaram, R., & Selvaraj, R. K. (n.d.). Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens: A Review on the Pathogen, Pathogenesis, and Prevention. Microorganisms, 10(10), 1958. doi:10.3390/microorganisms10101958

Yanghua He, Robert L. Taylor, Hao Bai, Christopher M. Ashwell, Keji Zhao, Yaokun Li, Guirong Sun, Huanmin Zhang, Jiuzhou Song, Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance and immunity in chickens that vary in Marek's disease resistance, Poultry Science, 2023, 103036, ISSN 0032-5791, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2023.103036

Pan Z, Y. Wang, M. Wang, Y. Wang, X. Zhu, S. Gu, C. Zhong, L. An, M. Shan , J. Damas, M. M. Halstead, D. Guan, N. Trakooljul, K. Wimmers, Y. Bi, S. Wu, M. E. Delany, X. Bai, H.H. Cheng, C. Sun, N. Yang, X. Hu, H. A Lewin,  L. Fang, H. Zhou. 2023. An atlas of regulatory elements in chicken: a resource for chicken genetics and genomics. Science Advances 9,eade1204(2023).DOI:10.1126/sciadv.ade1204.

Zhang J, Goto RM, Miller MM.  2020.  A simple means for chicken MHC-Y genotyping using short tandem repeat sequences.  Immunogenetics 72:325-332. doi: 10.1007/s00251-020-01166-6.  PMID: 32488290.

Zhang J, Goto RM, Honaker CF, Siegel PB, Taylor RL Jr, Parmentier HK, Miller MM.  2021a.  Association of MHCY genotypes in lines of chickens divergently selected for high or low antibody response to sheep red blood cells.  Poult Sci. 101(3):101621. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101621.  PMID: 34995879.

Zhang J, Goto RM, Psifidi A, Stevens MP, Taylor RL Jr, Miller MM.  2021b.  Research Note: MHCY haplotype impacts Campylobacter jejuni colonization in a backcross [(Line 61 x Line N) x Line N] population.  Poult Sci. 101(3):101654. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101654.  PMID: 35007930.

Goto RM, Warden CD, Shiina T, Hosomichi K, Zhang J, Kang TH, Wu X, Glass MC, Delany ME, Miller MM. 2022.  The Gallus gallus RJF reference genome reveals an MHCY haplotype organized in gene blocks that contain 107 loci including 45 specialized, polymorphic MHC class I loci, 41 C-type lectin-like loci, and other loci amid hundreds of transposable elements. G3 (Bethesda). 2022 Nov 4;12(11):jkac218. doi: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac218. PMID: 35997588.

Gugiu GB, Goto RM, Bhattacharya S, Delgado MK, Dalton J, Balendiran V, Miller MM. Mass spectrometry defines lysophospholipids as ligands for chicken MHCY class I molecules. J Immunol. 2023 Jan 1;210(1):96-102. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200066. PMID: 36427007.

2023. Buter, A. Feberwee, Sjaak de Wit, A. Heuvelink, A. P. da Silva, R. A. Gallardo, E. Soriano Vargas, J. Verwey, A. Jung, M. Tödte, R. Dijkman. Molecular characterization of the HMTp210 gene of Avibacterium paragallinarum and the proposition of a new genotyping method as alternative for classical serotyping. 2023. Avian Pathology. Accepted
2024. Jude*, B. Jordan*, A. Muller-Slay, R. Luciano, A. P da Silva, R. A. Gallardo*. Mitigation of False Layer Syndrome Through Maternal Antibodies Against Infectious Bronchitis Virus. 2023. Avian Diseases. Submitted

Botchway ,P.K., Amuzu-Aweh, E.N., Naazie, A., Aning, G. K., Otsyina, H.R., Saelao, P., Wang, Y., Zhou, H., Walugembe, M., Dekkers, J., Lamont, S.J., Gallardo, R.A., Kelly, T.R., Bunn, D. and Kayang, B.B. 2022. Host response to successive challenges with lentogenic and velogenic Newcastle disease virus in local chickens of Ghana. Poultry Science 101:102138. doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2022.102138

J.B. Tsaxra, R.A. Gallardo*, C. Abolnik, A. Chengula, P. M. Msoffe, A. P. Muhairwa, T. Phiri, J.R. Mushi, N. Chouicha, E.L. Mollel, H. Zhou*, and T.R. Kelly. Spatio-temporal Patterns and Prevalence of Newcastle Disease Virus at Mawenzi Live Bird Market in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania. Transboundary and emerging diseases. Submitted. 2023.

J.B. Tsaxra, R.A. Gallardo*, C. Abolnik, R. Jude*, A. Chengula, P. M. Msoffe, A. P. Muhairwa, T. Phiri, J.R. Mushi, N. Chouicha, E.L. Mollel, H. Zhou*, and T.R. Kelly. Spatio-temporal Patterns and Prevalence of Newcastle Disease Virus at Mawenzi Live Bird Market in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania. Tropical animal health and production. Submitted. 2023.

2023. Ramsubeik, S. Stoute, R.A. Gallardo*, B. Crossley, D. Rejmanek, R. Jude*, C. Jerry. Infectious bronchitis virus California variant CA1737 isolated from a commercial layer flock with cystic oviducts and poor external egg quality. Avian Diseases. 2023. Accepted
2024. Jude*, A.P. Da Silva, D. Rejmanek, H.L. Shivaprasad, S. Stoute, C. Jerry, R.A. Gallardo*. Whole genome sequence of a novel genotype VIII infectious bronchitis virus isolated from California layers in 2021. ASM Microbiology Resource Announcements. 2023. Submitted.

He, H., Genovese, K.J., Arsenault, R.J., Swaggerty, C.L., Johnson, C.N., Byrd, J.A., Kogut, M.H. M2 polarization and inhibition of host cell glycolysis contributes intracellular survival of Salmonella strains in chicken macrophage HD-11 cells. 2023. Microorganisms. 11 (7).

Johnson, C.N., Arsenault, R.J., Piva, A., Grilli, E., and Swaggerty, C.L. A microencapsulated feed additive containing organic acids and botanicals has a distinct effect on proliferative and metabolic related signaling in the jejunum and ileum of broiler chickens. 2023. Frontiers in Physiology. 14, 474.

Giovagnoni, G., Perry, F., Tugnoli, B., Piva, A., Grilli, E., Arsenault, R.J. A comparison of the immunometabolic effect of antibiotics and plant extracts in a chicken macrophage-like cell line during a Salmonella Enteritidis challenge. 2023. Antibiotics. 12(2), 357

Fries-Craft, K., Arsenault, R.J., & Bobeck, E. A. Basal diet composition contributes to differential performance, intestinal health, and immunological responses to a microalgae-based feed ingredient in broiler chickens. 2023. Poultry Science. 102(1), 102235.

Perry, F., Lahaye, L., Santin, E., Johnson, C., Korver, D.R., Kogut, M.H., and Arsenault, R.J. Protected Biofactors and Antioxidants Reduce the Negative Consequences of Virus and Cold Challenge while Enhancing Performance by Modulating Immunometabolism through Cytoskeletal and Immune Signaling in the Jejunum. 2022. Poultry Science. 101(12), p 102172.

Garcia G Jr, Irudayam JI, Jeyachandran AV, Dubey S, Chang C, Castillo Cario S, Price N, Arumugam S, Marquez AL, Shah A, Fanaei A, Chakravarty N, Joshi S, Sinha S, French SW, Parcells MS, Ramaiah A, Arumugaswami V. Innate immune pathway modulator screen identifies STING pathway activation as a strategy to inhibit multiple families of arbo and respiratory viruses. Cell Rep Med. 2023 May 16;4(5):101024. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101024. Epub 2023 Apr 28. PMID: 37119814; PMCID: PMC10213809.

Garcia G Jr, Irudayam JI, Jeyachandran AV, Dubey S, Chang C, Cario SC, Price N, Arumugam S, Marquez AL, Shah A, Fanaei A, Chakravarty N, Joshi S, Sinha S, French SW, Parcells M, Ramaiah A, Arumugaswami V. Broad-spectrum antiviral inhibitors targeting pandemic potential RNA viruses. bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2023 Jan 20:2023.01.19.524824. doi: 10.1101/2023.01.19.524824. Update in: Cell Rep Med. 2023 May 16;4(5):101024. PMID: 36711787; PMCID: PMC9882367.

Kaufer BB, Parcells MS, Bertzbach LD. A Special Issue on Marek's Disease Virus-The Editors' View. Microorganisms. 2023 Mar 21;11(3):805. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11030805. PMID: 36985378; PMCID: PMC10057323.

Blue CEC, Emami NK, White MB, Cantley S, and Dalloul RA. 2023. Inclusion of Clarity Q manages growth performance, immune response, and nutrient transports of broilers during subclinical necrotic enteritis. Microorganisms 11(8):1894.

Henschen AE, Vinkler M, Langager MM, Rowley AA, Dalloul RA, Hawley DM, and Adelman JS. 2023. Rapid adaptation to a novel pathogen through disease tolerance in a wild songbird. PLoS Pathogens 19(6):e1011408.

Emami, NK, Fuller AL, and Dalloul RA. 2022. Lateral transmission of Histomonas meleagridis in turkey poults raised on floor pens. Poultry Science 101(7):101951.

Weitzman CL, Belden LK, May M, Langager MM, Dalloul RA, and Hawley DM. 2022. Antibiotic perturbation of gut bacteria does not significantly alter host responses to ocular disease in a songbird species. PeerJ 10:e13559.

Brandi A. Sparling, Theros T. Ng, Anaid Carlo-Allende, Fiona M. McCarthy, Robert L. Taylor, Jr., Yvonne Drechsler: Immunoglobulin-like Receptors in Chickens: identification, functional characterization, and renaming to Cluster Homolog of Immunoglobulin-like Receptors. Poultry science. Submitted.

Abstracts

Swaggerty, C. L., C. N. Johnson, C. F. Honaker, P. B. Siegel, C. M. Ashwell, and R. L. Taylor, Jr. 2023. Chickens selected for high and low antibody responses to sheep red blood cells exhibit different cytokine and chemokine expression in peripheral blood leukocytes and the spleen. Poult. Sci. 102(E-Suppl. 1): in press

Taylor, R. L., Jr., P. B. Siegel, C. F. Honaker, H. Parmentier, A. Wolc, C. M. Ashwell, and J. E. Fulton. 2023. Selection for antibody response against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) altered alloantigen frequencies in Virginia and Wageningen genetic stocks. Poult. Sci. 102(E-Suppl. 1): in press

Taylor, R. L., Jr.,W. Drobik-Czwarno, A. Wolc, and J. E. Fulton. 2022. Identifying chicken alloantigen candidate genes. Proc. Avian Immunology Research Group (AIRG) Meeting XVI, Newark, DE, p. 17

Taylor, R. L., Jr., W. Drobik-Czwarno, A. Wolc and J. E. Fulton. 2022. Chicken alloantigen D is CD99. Poult. Sci. 101(E-Suppl. 1):154-155

Al Hakeem, W., Lourenco, J., Cason, E., Adams, D., villanueva, K., Fathima, S., . . . Selvaraj, R. (2023). The effect of Campylobacter jejuni challenge on the ileal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids concentration in broilers. INTERNATIONAL POULTRY SCIENTIFIC FORUM

Shah, B., Al Hakeem, W., Fathima, S., Shanmugasundaram, R., & Selvaraj, R. (2023). Effect of synbiotic supplementation on production performance and necrotic enteritis severity in broilers under an experimental necrotic enteritis challenge. International Poultry Science Forum

Fathima, S., Al Hakeem, W., Shah, B., Shanmugasundaram, R., & Selvaraj, R. (2023). Effect of arginine supplementation on production performance and inflammatory response in broilers during necrotic enteritis challenge. International Poultry Science Forum

Acevedo-Villanueva, K., Renu, S., Gourapura, R., & Selvaraj, R. (2022). Salmonella chitosan nanoparticle vaccine administration is protective against Salmonella Enteritidis in broiler birds. Poult. Sci. 100 (E-Suppl 1)

Selvaraj, R., Shanmugasundaram, R., & Applegate, T. (2022). Effect of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis probiotic supplementation on performance and Campylobacter jejuni load in broilers challenged with C. jejuni. Poult. Sci. 100 (E-Suppl 1).

Song, J. Temporal Expression of immune organs in Marek’s disease. XVI Avian Immunology Research Group Meeting University of Delaware, August 26-28, 2022

Egana-Labrin. Molecular characterization of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) circulating in the Delmarva region between 2019-2023. 2023 American Association of Avian Pathologists (AAAP) meeting, Jacksonville, Florida.

Khalid Z, Pietruska A, Chowdhury E, Hauck R (2023): Influence of avian reovirus infection on the intestinal microbiome. In: Abstracts of the International Poultry Scientific Forum, Atlanta, GA. p 18.

Khalid Z, Conrad S, Alvarez-Narvaez S, Harrell TL, Chowdhury E, Hauck R (2023): Systemic invasiveness and pathogenicity of an avian reovirus field isolate compared to a reference strain after oral inoculation. Presentation at the Meeting of the American Association of Avian Pathologists, Jacksonville, FL.

Arsenault, R. J. Postbiotics: a metabolic and immune gut health feed additive. Poultry Federation Annual Nutrition Conference, 2023, August 29-31; Little Rock, AR.

Giovagnoni, G., Perry, F., Tugnoli, B., Piva, A., Arsenault, R., Grilli, E. The immunometabolic role of a thymol-based blend of botanicals on chicken macrophage-like cells challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting; 2023 July 10-13; Philadelphia, PA.

Arsenault, R.J. Unveiling the secrets of kinome analysis. Vetagro Satellite Symposium (ESPN 2023), 2023, June 21; Rimini, Italy.

Johnson, C., Arsenault, R., Grilli, E., Piva, A., Swaggerty, C. A microencapsulated feed additive containing organic acids and botanicals has a distinct effect on proliferative and metabolic related signaling in the jejunum and ileum of broiler chickens. 23rd European Symposium on Poultry Nutrition; 2023 June 21-24; Rimini, Italy.

Giovagnoni, G., Tugnoli, B., Johnson, C., Piva, A., Arsenault, R., Swaggerty, C., Grilli, E. A microencapsulated thymol-based blend of botanicals can clear Salmonella Enteritidis in contrast to common in-feed antibiotics in broilers. 23rd European Symposium on Poultry Nutrition; 2023 June 21-24; Rimini, Italy.

Perry, F., Bortoluzzi, C., Elango, J.N., James, A., Jones, E., Eyng, C., Kogut, M., Arsenault, R. Butyrate affects chicken monocyte-like cell cycle progression. International Poultry Scientific Forum; 2023 January 23-34; Atlanta, GA.

Arsenault, R.J. Determining immunometabolic markers of gut health and the mechanism of action for challenges and treatments using kinome and molecular analysis. Kemin Intestinal Health Symposium. 2022, October 12-14, Palm Springs, CA

Giovagnoni, G., Perry, F., Anderson-Coughlin, B., Kniel, K., Tugnoli, B., Grilli, E., Arsenault, R. Digital PCR as a new highly sensitive method in chicken cytokine profiling. Avian Immunology Research Group Meeting; 2022 September 25-28; Newark, DE.

Parcells, M.S., Katneni, U.K., Neerukonda, S., Tavlarides-Hontz, P., Arsenault, R.J. Cell culture and In Vivo Examination of the Mechanism of Action of Victrio®, a DNA-Liposome-based Innate Immune Agonist. Avian Immunology Research Group Meeting; 2022 September 25-28; Newark, DE.

Parcells, M.S. Dallakoti, A., Tavlarides-Hontz, P., Pendarvis, K., Gollhardt, E., Perry, F., Arsenault, R.J. Proteomic analysis of the differentiation of chicken monocyte cell line HD11 into macrophages and dendritic cells. Avian Immunology Research Group Meeting; 2022 September 25-28; Newark, DE.

Mark S. Parcells, Aksana Dallakoti, Sohee Lee, Yaw Kobia Dwomor, Eric Munoz, Matthew B. Hudson, Shannon Modla and Phaedra Tavlarides-Hontz. The Effect of Exosomes from the Serum of Chickens Vaccinated and Protected from Marek’s Disease Virus (MDV) Challenge and MDV-induced Tumor-bearing Chickens on the Proteomes of Chicken Macrophage Cell Line HD11. Proceedings of 95th Annual Northeastern Conference on Avian Diseases (NECAD), 2023, Penn State University. p. 81

Taxonomic and Metabolic Changes in the Animal. 5th Microbiome Movement – Animal Health & Nutrition. Raleigh, NC. October 2022 (International meeting).

Blue CEC, Medina B, Wagner AL, Dalloul RA. Novel natural feed additive efficacy during a clinical necrotic enteritis challenge in broilers. International Poultry Scientific Forum. 2023.

Dong B, Dalloul RA. Establishment of chicken apical-out three-dimensional enteroids. International Poultry Scientific Forum. 2023.

Niraula A, Blue CEC, Fenster DA, Emami NK, Dalloul RA. Assessment of mRNA abundance of key cytokines during histomoniasis in turkey poults in a lateral transmission model. International Poultry Scientific Forum. 2023.

Blue CEC, Froebel LE, Dalloul RA. Evaluating mRNA abundance of host defense peptide genes in heritage and modern broiler breeds during subclinical necrotic enteritis. International Poultry Scientific Forum. 2023.

Niraula A, Fenster DA, Wagner AL, Medina B, Girard I, Fuller AL, and Dalloul RA. Protective effects of Alterna HTS in turkey poults raised in a floor pen lateral transmission model of Histomonas meleagridis. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. 2023.

Blue CEC, Wagner AL, Medina B, Girard I, Dalloul RA. Assessment of phytogenic blends on performance and tight junction proteins in broiler chickens during a necrotic enteritis challenge. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. 2023.

Dong B, Blue CEC, Regmi P, Ellestad LE, Dalloul RA. In ovo administration and water supplementation of a postbiotic positively influence response of broilers to necrotic enteritis. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. 2023.

Marasini H, Dong B, Dalloul RA, Regmi P. Effect of experimental coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis on broiler behavior during open-field test. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. 2023.

Fenster DA, Chaney WE, Dalloul RA. Effect of Diamond V Original XPC postbiotic on Salmonella Typhimurium colonization and growth performance in broilers. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. 2023.

Thesis/Dissertation

Bikas Shah, Synbiotic supplementation as an replacement to antimicrobial growth promoters in broilers challenged with necrotic enteritis challenge. MS. University of Georgia.

Determining the Role of the Conserved Herpesviridae Protein Kinase (CHPK) in Replication and Transmission of Avian Herpesviruses.” Andrea Krieter, PhD Dissertation 2023. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Supervisor: Keith W. Jarosinski

Wang J, Fenster DA, Vaddu S, Bhumanapalli A, Dalloul RA, Leone C, Singh M, Thippareddi H. Translocation of Salmonella from the gastrointestinal tract to internal organs of broilers. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. 2023.

Vaddu S, Singh A, Wang J, Koft B, Mallavarapu B, Subedi D, Bhumanapalli A, Patil P, Dalloul RA, Singh M, Thippareddi H. Effects of Salmonella co-infection with Eimeria maxima and Clostridium perfringens on growth performance and pathogen shedding in broilers. Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting. 2023.

Carlo-Allende,A., Sparling, B., Drechsler, Y. Poster. RNA-interference: role of Ig-like receptor B in chicken macrophage response to AIV and Salmonella typhimurium. August 3rd to 5th, 2023. San Juan, Puerto Rico. https://www.aavmc.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Abstracts_Rev_465.pdf

Sparling, B. and Drechsler, Y. Talk and Conference Proceedings. The chicken cluster homolog of immunoglobulin-like receptor-B molecules plays a suppressive role during avian influenza infection in vitro. Proceedings of the 72nd Western Poultry Disease Conference. March 13-15, 2023. Sacramento, California. Available online at: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6324cc48a5e67e5d682f1773/t/6400fba0dcae832ad0f98336/1677786028158/WPDC_2023_Proceedings.pdf

Ng, T., Drechsler, Y. Cellular composition and Ig-like Receptors Expression in the Reproductive Tract of the B2B2 and B19B19 chickens. March 6th, 2023.

Sparling, B., Ng, T., and Drechsler, Y. Poster. Improving the cluster homolog of immunoglobulin-like receptor annotation and their implications of expression in innate immune response in different chicken strains. Avian Immunology Research Group Meeting. September 25-28, 2022. Newark, Delaware.

Majeed, S., L. Bielke, A. Nazmi. 2023. Natural Intraepithelial Lymphocytes are critical intestinal mucosal defense against Salmonella Typhimurium Infection in Broiler Chicken. Poultry Science Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Oral presentation

Majeed, S., S.K. Hamad, L. Bielke, A. Nazmi. 2023. The role of Intraepithelial lymphocytes in chicken response to necrotic enteritis. Poultry Science Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Oral presentation

Nazmi, A., S.K. Hamad, S. Majeed. 2023. The role of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes in resistance against coccidiosis in chickens. American Association of Immunologist Annual Meeting, Washington DC., USA. Poster presentation