Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

See attached minutes. 

Short-Term Outcomes 

• Data from the IFRLP and INRS surveys as well as syntheses of data from other research, disseminated through journal articles, extension reported, and extension presentations, have been used by multiple stakeholders to inform their outreach with their farmer audiences. For example, following a presentation about farmer perspectives on soil and water conservation practice adoption, an organizer of a forum on drainage water management exclaimed, “Thank you so much for that presentation! It gave me so much to think about. That intention box on the model, and the comment of farmers intend to install a practice then life happens before it gets done is something I want to spend time thinking about how our delivery models can improve. How do we give the control there that will lead to adoption?” This suggests that information shared led to changes in awareness and knowledge, which may in turn lead to behavior changes.
• Pre- and post-assessment found the Nebraska Water Leaders Academy is producing catalysts of change in water issues at local, state, regional, national, and international levels.
• A mixed-methods study demonstrated curiosity and being a champion of innovation are strong predictors of transformational environmental leaders.
• A mixed-methods study found that stakeholders perceive agencies involved in river management to be trustworthy, competent, and to share a vision for the resource despite not generally being familiar with the agencies. Findings suggest agencies and groups involved in river management prioritize developing stronger relationships with agricultural producers to improve on these foundational conditions.
• A qualitative case study examining evidence for how boundary spanning skills are implemented in the context of stakeholder engagement for addressing water challenges in agricultural settings found that some boundary spanning skills were exhibited more than others, and their frequency of use varied throughout the engagement process, and certain skills were used interchangeably.
• Improved understanding of the barriers among marginalized farmers to adoption of conservation practices.
• Improved understanding of strategies to better engage marginalized members of the farming community
• Improved understanding of strategies to reach out to retailers and crop advisors about encouraging and implementing conservation practices
• Improved understanding of the social aspects of edge of field and ditch monitoring to measure progress toward conservation
• Improved discussion of subsurface drainage management.
• Urban and rural water values research informed strategic planning and programs of several organizations including the Minnesota Department of Health, Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Council, Minnesota Well Owners Organization, and the private well owners 
• Research on human relationships to wild rice, an aquatic plant and sacred relative to the Anishinaabe and Dakota peoples, continues to document and uplift cultural stories. We have conducted 15 interviews with wild rice knowledge holders, including tribal and non-tribal individuals. We have gathered insights from 221 tribal member survey respondents to guide wild rice stewardship of the Lac du Flambeau Tribal Natural Resources program, as well as the Wisconsin DNR. 
• Research on community-engaged science as part of the Long Term Ecological Research program in Minneapolis-St. Paul has guided the work of ecologists on the project toward better and more meaningful community engagement. We have hosted three workshops with community members in underserved neighborhoods to identify community needs and to support their questions and concerns through ecological and social research.
   

Outputs (Products delivered by research: reports, data, information, observations, publications, patents) 

Publications 

• Arrueta, L., M. Kalcik, and D. Jackson-Smith. Simulating the effects of behavioral and physical heterogeneity on non-point source pollution. (forthcoming) Journal of American Water Resources Association
• Eaton, W., M. Burnham, T. Robertson,,G. Arbuckle, K.J. Brasier, M. Burbach, S. Church, G. Hart-Fredeluces, D, Jackson-Smith, G. Wildermuth, et al. 2022. Advancing the scholarship and practice of stakeholder engagement in working landscapes: A co-produced research agenda" Socio-Ecological Practice Research 4:283-304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42532-022-00132-8
• Elias, E. B Fuchs, J Lisonbee, T Bernadt, V Martinez Evolution of the Southwest Drought Learning Network: Collective Response to Exceptional Drought. … - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2023
• Haigh, T, E Wickham, S Hamlin, C Knutson  Planning Strategies and Barriers to Achieving Local Drought Preparedness Journal of the American Planning Association, 2022
• Haigh, TR, JA Otkin, M Woloszyn, D Todey, C Felkley Meeting the drought information needs of Midwest perennial specialty crop producers. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 2022
• Haeffner, M., D. Jackson-Smith, and M. Barnett. 2023. Categorizing relative water use perception bias using household surveys and monthly water bills. Journal of Environmental Management 334:117443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117443
• Jackson-Smith, D. and H. Veisi. 2023. A Typology to Guide Design and Assessment of Participatory Agricultural Research Projects. Socio-Ecological Practice Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42532-023-00149-7
• Otkin, JA, M Woloszyn, H Wang, M Svoboda. 2022. Getting ahead of Flash Drought: From Early Warning to Early Action - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2022
• Spangler, K., E. Burchfield, C. Radel, D. Jackson-Smith, and R. Johnson. 2022. Crop diversification in Idaho’s Magic Valley: the present and the imaginary. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 42(99) https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-022-00833-0
• Ulrich-Schad, JD, S Li, JG Arbuckle, E Avemegah. 2022. An Inventory and Assessment of Sample Sources for Survey Research with Agricultural Producers in the US. Society & Natural Resources, 2022
• Ulrich-Schad, J.D., S. Li, J. Arbuckle, E. Avemegah, K. Brasier, M. Burnham, A.K. Chaudhary, W. Eaton, W. Gu, T. Haigh, D. Jackson-Smith, A. Metcalf, A. Pradhananga, L. Prokopy, M. Sanderson, E. Wade, and A. Wilke. 2022. An inventory and assessment of sample sources for survey research with agricultural producers in the U.S. Society and Natural Resources 35(7):804-812. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2022.2081392
• Wardropper, C, Genskow, K, Lavoie, A., Franklin, D., Usher, E., Wilke, A., Arbuckle, J., Jackson-Smith, D., Prokopy, L., and Rissman, A. 2023. Comparing states’ Nutrient Reduction Strategies in the US Upper Mississippi River Basin. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 78(1):70-81. https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2023.00025.

Reports and Fact Sheets 

• Church, S.P., L.F. Bean, W.A. Sigler (2022d). Volunteer Water Monitoring Survey: 2021 Madison Stream Teams Report. People Places Water Lab. Bozeman: Montana State University.
• Church, S.P., L.F. Bean, W.A. Sigler. (2022a). Volunteer Water Monitoring Survey: 2021 Volunteer Statewide Survey Report. People Places Water Lab. Bozeman: Montana State University.
• Church, S.P., L.F. Bean, W.A. Sigler (2022b). Volunteer Water Monitoring Survey: 2021 Volunteer Gallatin Stream Teams Report. People Places Water Lab. Bozeman: Montana State University
• Church, S.P., L.F. Bean, W.A. Sigler (2022c). Volunteer Water Monitoring Survey: 2021 Northwest Montana Lakes Network Report. People Places Water Lab. Bozeman: Montana State University.
• Eaton, W., T. Robertson, J. Arbuckle, K.J. Brasier, M.E. Burbach, M. Burnham, S.P. Church, C. Eberly, G. Hart-Fredeluces, D. Jackson-Smith, A. Rogers. (2022). Advancing Scholarship and Practice of Stakeholder Engagement in Working Landscapes.  
• Radulski, B.G., A. Gilbert, B. Wilson, S.P. Church. (2022). Big Sky Watershed Corps Evaluation Project, Natural Resource Planning and Protection: Survey Analysis Results. People Places Water Lab. Bozeman: Montana State University. 
• Gilbert, A., B. Wilson, S.P. Church. (2022a). Big Sky Watershed Corps Evaluation Project, Natural Resource Planning and Protection: Semi-Structured Interview Results. People Places Water Lab. Bozeman: Montana State University. 
• Gilbert, A., B. Wilson, S.P. Church. (2022b). Big Sky Watershed Corps Evaluation Project, Natural Resource Planning and Protection: Post-Survey Results. People Places Water Lab. Bozeman: Montana State University. 
• Gilbert, A., W. Kleindl, S.P. Church. (2022c). Aquatic Ecosystems Services Survey: Round Two Results. People Places Water Lab. Bozeman: Montana State University.
• Gilbert, A.*, B. Wilson, S.P. Church. (2022). Big Sky Watershed Corps Evaluation Project: Fact Sheets. People Places Water Lab. Bozeman: Montana State University.
• Kennedy, S.M., & Burbach, M.E. (2023). Testing Agricultural Performance Systems program evaluation – Non-Producers. School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Open-File Report 234.
• Kennedy, S.M., & Burbach, M.E. (2023). Testing Agricultural Performance Systems program evaluation – Producers. School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Open-File Report 233.
• Burbach, M.E., Joeckel, R.M., Mott, B., & Matkin, G.S. (2022). 2022 Nebraska Water Leaders Academy – Final report. School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Open-File Report 230.
• Trouba, E., Brasier, K., Burbach, M., & Eaton, W. (2022). 2021 agricultural producer and household resident preliminary survey results: Central Platte Valley, Nebraska. Water for Agriculture Project supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Water for Agriculture grant no. 2017-68007-26584/project accession no. 1013079 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.
• Trouba, E., Brasier, K., Burbach, M., & Eaton, W. (2022). 2021 agricultural producer and household resident preliminary survey results: North Platte Valley, Nebraska. Water for Agriculture Project supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Water for Agriculture grant no. 2017-68007-26584/project accession no. 1013079 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
   
  Presentations and Talks 
• Banerjee, D., S. Brewer, D. Jackson-Smith, and S. Hinners. “Simulation of institutional decision-making in Green Infrastructure Planning: incorporating storm water managers’ knowledge and perceptions into an agent-based model.” Paper presented at 2022 ACSP Annual Conference, Toronto, November 2022.
• Burbach, M., & Mott, B. The role of gender, curiosity, and champion of innovation in transformational environmental leadership: A mixed methods study. 2023 IASNR Conference, Portland, ME, June 12, 2023.
• Burbach, M. Personal empowerment - Engaging your leadership capacity. Indiana Watershed Leadership Academy, May 4, 2023.
• Burbach, M. Boundary spanning skills for effective stakeholder engagement. Nebraska State Irrigation Association, Kearney, NE, March 24, 2022.
• Burbach, M. Full range leadership for leaders in the water arena. Nebraska State Irrigation Association, Water Leaders Academy, January 19, 2023.
• Burbach, M. Personal empowerment - Engaging your leadership capacity. Nebraska State Irrigation Association, Nebraska Water Leaders Academy, November 16, 2022.
• Burbach, M., Kennedy, S., Eaton, W., Quimby, B., Babbitt, C., & Delozier, J. Longitudinal assessment of an integrated approach to large-scale common-pool water resource management: A case study of Nebraska's Platte River Basin. Platte River Basin Conference, Kearney, NE, October 25, 2022.
• Brasier, K., Fowler, L., Whitmer, W., Eaton, E., & Burbach, M. Building and researching stakeholder engagement for water quality and quantity management: The Water for Ag Project. Penn State University Sustainability Series, State College, PA, October 5, 2022. 
• Burbach, M. Foundational conditions enabling collaborative resource management in two geographically and regulatorily different watersheds. VESPR Summer Retreat, Johnstown, NE, August 15, 2022.
• Church, S.P. and A.W. Sigler. (2022). “Social Outcomes from Community/Volunteer Collected Water Data in Montana”. American Water Resource Association - Montana Annual Meeting. March 12-14, 2022. Butte, Montana.
• Church, S.P., A. Gilbert, W. Kleindl. (2022). “Wetlands Protection and Planning: Potentials for Bridging Land and Water Planning through Public Engagement and Ecosystem Services”. Soil and Water Conservation Society Annual Conference. July 31 – August3, 2022. Denver, Colorado.
• Church, S.P., L. Bean, A.W. Sigler. (2022). “From citizen scientist to steward: Does engagement effect volunteer monitoring outcomes?” International Association for Society and Natural Resources Conference. June 26-29, 2022. San Jose, Costa Rica.
• Easton, Z, and K. Stephenson. "State of the Science Regarding Quantifiable Effects of Agricultural Conservation Practices." USDA-EPA Task Force on Crediting Chesapeake Bay Conservation Investments, April 24, 2023.
• Eaton, Weston M. et al. 2022. Advancing scholarship and the practice of stakeholder engagement in working landscapes: A report of a workshop series. This workshop is supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Advancing scholarship and practice of stakeholder engagement in working landscapes grant no. 2020-01551 project accession no. 1023309 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Online: doi.org/10.26207/b8rt-5q47
• Felch, K., Lu Y., A. Fochesatto, and A.R. Rissman. Finding Common Grass: Comparative Grassland-Based Agricultural Policies in Illinois, Minnesota, and Missouri. Undergraduate Research Symposium, University of Wisconsin-Madison. April,
• Gilbert, A., S.P. Church. (2022). “Water Resource Governance in Montana: Opportunities for Adaptive Capacity”. International Association for Society and Natural Resources Conference. June 26-29, 2022. San Jose, Costa Rica.
• Jackson-Smith, D. “Social Aspects of Ag Climate Adaptation and Resilience.” Invited presentation and participation on panel at Byrd Center Symposium on Climate Change Research. Ohio State University. October 21, 2022.
• Kleindl, W., A. Gilbert, S.P. Church. (2022). “Ecosystem services and decision making for wetland protection: Results of an aquatic systems expert survey”. Joint Aquatic Sciences Meeting. May 14-20, 2022. Grand Rapids, Michigan
• Jackson-Smith, D. “Social-Behavioral Aspects of Land-Based Carbon Solutions” presentation and participation on panel for 2022 Interdisciplinary Research Fall Forum. Translational Data Analytics Institute and Sustainability Institute. The Ohio State University, November 8, 2022.
• Lu, Y. and Rissman, A.R. 2022. Who pays for the party? Conference sponsor networks in the Food-Energy-Water-Ecosystems Nexus. Society of American Foresters 2022 National Convention Conference. September 22, 2022, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
• Lu, Y. and Rissman, A.R. 2022. Who pays for the party? Conference sponsor networks in the Food-Energy-Water-Ecosystems Nexus. International Association for Society and Natural Resources Conference. October 5, 2022, VIRTUAL
• Olson, M., Richardson, B., E.G. Booth, A. R. Rissman. Fishable, Swimmable, Drinkable Waters: Perceptions of Water Quality Policy and Institutional Fit in Northeastern Wisconsin. Undergraduate Research Symposium, University of Wisconsin-Madison. April,
• Pierre, M., S. Inwood, and D. Jackson-Smith. “Institutional support and African American farmers’ climate adaptation.” Paper presented at 2022 Annual Meetings of Rural Sociological Society. Westminster, CO. August.
• Richardson, B. E.G. Booth, A. R. Rissman. Association Between Policy and Practice Implementation and Water Quality in the Northeast Lakeshore Region of Wisconsin. Undergraduate Research Symposium, University of Wisconsin-Madison. April,
• Rissman, A.R. Farm Policy: Past-Present-Future. Grassworks Grazing Conference, February 2023.
• Rissman, Adena, Lu, Y. and A. Fochesatto. 2022. Toward integrative policies for grassland and managed grazing. North American Congress on Conservation Biology (NACCB). July,
• Rissman, A.R., Lu, Y., Fochesatto, A, and E. Lowe. 2022. Grasslands and managed grazing policy: lessons for just transitions. International Association on Society and Natural Resources (IASNR). October,
• Rissman, A.R and E.G. Booth. How, where and when policies address agricultural nutrient management: improving institutional fit. Wisconsin Phosphorus Conference. Center for Water Policy. Madison, WI. February 2023
• Stephenson, K., Shabman, L., & Shortle, J. "Confronting our Agricultural Nonpoint Source Control Policy Problem." EPA, Cheapeake Bay Program Water Quality Goal Implementation Tea, Ag Work Group. Remote presentation, October 20, 2022
• Stephenson, K., & Wardrop, D. "Comprehensive Evaluation of System Response (CESR), Policy Implications". Chesapeake Bay Commission quarterly meeting, https://www.chesbay.us/november. Annapolis, MD., November 2023.
• Stephenson, K. and D. Wardrop. "Comprehensive Evaluation of Chesapeake Bay Response to Water Quality Efforts: Gaps, Uncertainties, and Policy Implications" University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), Department of Geography and Environmental Systems, May 3, 2023.
• Stephenson, K and Wardrop, D. "Comprehensive Evaluation of System Response". Briefing to EPA Regional 3 Administrator Adam Ortiz, May 19th, 2023
• Stephenson, K. "Carbon Markets & Climate Smart Ag Incentives" Virginia Cooperative Extension Annual Conference, February 8, 2023, Blacksburg Virginia. 
• Stephenson, K. and S. Schons "Who’s Who in the Forest Carbon Market?
  Decision Making Framework for Landowners". Virginia Cooperative Extension 1-day Conference, Brightpoint Community College, Chester Virginia, March 3, 2023. 
• Stephenson, K. "Advancing Agricultural Conservation through a Social Science Lens". National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Chesapeake Agricultural Networking Forum, Panel Facilitator, January 24, 2023.
• Stephenson, K. and L. Shabman. "Encouraging Institutional Innovation through Sandboxing" 2 page briefing paper produced for the Chesapeake Bay Commission, January 2023.
• Stephenson, K and Wardrop, D., "Learning Forward: Lessons for the Future". EPA Chesapeake Bay Program, Strategy Review System Biennial Meeting, Charlottesville Virginia, May 11, 2023.
• Wardrop, D., & Stephenson, K. STAC CESR Report “Implications” Overview. In EPA Cheapeake Bay Program, Management Board meeting. November 10, 2022
• Wardrop, D., Stephenson, K., & Testa, J. "Comprehensive Evaluation of System Response, The Science." Chesapeake Bay Commission quarterly meeting. Annapolis MD. November 2022, Retrieved from https://www.chesbay.us/november7,
• Wardrop, D., & K Stephenson, Comprehensive Evaluation of System Response. EPA Chespeake Bay Program, Goal Implementation Teams (GITS) Quarterly meeting, November 20, 2023. 
• Wardrop, D, and K. Stephenson." Comprehensive Evaluation of System Response: Chesapeake Report and Its Recommendations for CBP Modeling" Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling Workgroup Quarterly meeting, April 4th, 2023. (Virtual)
• Woods, T., D. Jackson-Smith, S. Inwood, A. Rissing, and F. Becot. “Moving beyond the farm enterprise: bringing household shocks and attributes into analyses of farmer well being and farm persistence.” Paper presented at 2022 Annual Meetings of Rural Sociological Society. Westminster, CO. August.

Activities (research activities to reveal new knowledge/develop new understanding) 

• NC1190 members engaged in numerous research activities, including surveys of farmers, urban residents, and other water stakeholders, as well as focus groups, interviews, and participant observation. Members of the team also engaged in
• Iowa:
• Conducted analysis of data from two major farmer surveys, the Iowa Farm and Rural Life Poll (IFRLP) farmer survey and the Iowa Nutrient Reduction Strategy (INRS) farmer survey. The two surveys of farmers have generated research-based information on farmers perspectives and behaviors relevant to nutrient loss reduction, including changes in awareness and/or use of soil and water conservation practices. Several extension reports and presentations on farmer perspectives on ongoing barriers to soil and water conservation in Iowa, conservation practice adoption motivations, conservation expenditures, and climate change and agriculture have been used by stakeholders to inform their work with farmers.
• Conducted two surveys with farmers on cover crop adoption with over 1,500 returned surveys in combination. Conducted six focus groups with farmers and crop insurance program administrators.
• Evaluated the effect of the Nebraska Water Leaders Academy in producing catalysts of change in water issues.
• Evaluated stakeholders’ perceptions of four foundational conditions of successful stakeholder engagement in participatory river management.
  Examined evidence for how boundary spanning skills are implemented in the context of stakeholder engagement for addressing water challenges in agricultural settings. 
  1. Keynote address based on research findings Michigan Michigan Soil and Water Conservation Society Annual Conference (April 25, 2022); 2. Keynoted address to Michigan Association of Conservation Districts Annual Conference (June 15, 2022); 3. Research (interviews, participant observation) to identify opportunities for alternative food system development; 4. Research (participant observation, interviews) to identify opportunities for improving racial diversity of the food production sector; 4. Research (statistical) on water infrastructure, water quality, conservation, and development. 
• Launched Drought-Smart Indigenous Agriculture project with Santa Ana Pueblo Department of Natural Resources (New Mexico) (USDA NRCS funded project)
• Launched "Connecting ecological drought monitoring tools with natural resource stakeholders in Montana" project with Otkin, McEvoy, Church (NOAA SARP funded)
• Launched IMPACT2 project (Prokopy PI)
• Co-advise PhD student (Caily Schwartz) working on drought impacts to specialty crop production in the Midwest
• Attended workshop “Visualizing the Invisible: Causes, Consequences, Changes, and Management of Streamflow Depletion Across the U.S.” U.S. Geological Survey John Wesley Powell Center. Sep. 19-22, 2022.
• Completed 4 survey research projects to understand water-related values, beliefs and behaviors of farmers, urban residents, private well owners, urban BIPOC communities and enrolled members of tribes in Wisconsin and Montana
• Engaged farmers and agricultural professionals in interviews about success and leadership in nutrient reduction agricultural practices.
• We have organized and engaged tribal natural resource professionals in collaborative workshops and data analysis.
• Organized stakeholder collaborative meeting to plan Stinner Climate Ambassadors program. Supporting 14 youth (aged 18-24) to do summer experiential internships with community partners to learn about approaches to improving climate resilience in food and ag system.
• Church's research group conducted two surveys that will contribute to the development of a social and cultural ecosystem service (ES) module to include in a tool to rapidly assess wetlands, streams, and riparian buffers in the Western US (G13). The tool will be used in permitting, restoration and preservation decisions.
• Church's research group collaborated with MSU Extension to develope a statewide longitudinal survey that Volunteer Water Monitoring Project managers may send to their volunteers. The survey provides VWMPs with information about how effective their trainings are, why people volunteer, what volunteers learn, and whether they talk about what they learn with other people. My team provides statewide and individual program reports to all program participants to help them understand volunteer motivations and training efficacy.
• Through a collaboration with the Montana Conservation Corps (MCC), Church's research group administered two surveys to all watershed groups and Conservation Districts in Montana and conducted interviews with program and state staff across Montana. We sought to understand the role of Big Sky Watershed Corps (BSWC) members in increasing their host-sites’ capacity to achieve ecological outcomes and whether adaptive co-management is occurring in Montana. This work has been instrumental in shaping the MCC thinks about evaluation, now shifting to gathering success metrics beyond numbers of riparian miles restored or number of people reached through programming.
• Church's research group is examining how research collaboratives, through an examination of the NSF EPSCoR funded project the Montana Consortium for Research on Environmental Water Systems (CREWS), create research communities and stakeholders can use and how the structure of these collaboratives might contribute to sustained partnerships that might translate to adaptive capacity outcomes.
• Church and others in NC1190 and beyond, completed a workshop grant that culminated in a paper published in 2022. The paper is the result of a yearlong international collaboration with 160 scholars and practitioners who work on stakeholder engagement in working landscapes.
• Activities related to this project involved coordination and leadership to produce a science synthesis report on efforts to achieve water quality goals in the Chesapeake Bay. Activities included conducting meetings with the report steering committee (an interdisciplinary team of scientists), finalizing writing of the report, and briefing elected officials, federal and state administrative staff, and nonprofit partners.
• Helped design and conduct a 1 day workshop for forest landowners (over 100 attendees). Research involved constructing a summary of requirements, risk, and revenue potential of forest carbon credit programs.
• Initiated and co-hosted a conference on Wisconsin Phosphorus policy, held in February 2023. Led to publications of proceedings, policy, and research agenda
• Ongoing interaction with Advancing Engagement participants in the Advancing Engagement Network including researchers and practitioners
• Surveyed dairy farmers in Wisconsin, including on their environmental and labor beliefs and policy support
• Analyzed water quality institutional fit in the northeast lakeshore region of Wisconsin
  3) Developed a policy review for grasslands and managed grazing in the upper Midwest, USA 
• Wrote a survey instrument for financial support for grassland and rowcrop agriculture in the upper Midwest USA
• Analyzed the conference and conference sponsor network on agriculture, water, bioenergy, forests, and ecosystems in the upper Midwest, USA.
• Designed four surveys on water relationships and concerns administered across the state of Minnesota to be administered by mail, Internet, and onsite. Each survey contains a water values scale for cross-study comparisons. 
• Designed two interview guides to gather stories about water, wild rice, and environmental changes in the state of Minnesota generally, and in the Ottertail River Watershed more specifically. 

Milestones (key intermediate targets for achieving/delivering outputs of project within set timeframe)

• We completed the first ever survey of enrolled tribal members on their relationships with wild rice, a sacred aquatic plant and relative. 
• We completed interactive workshops with Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Council policymakers on results from our research focused on justice in water science and policy
• We completed our third year of surveying NSF LTER project personnel for the Minneapolis-St. Paul site, as part of the development of a long term data set on community engaged research.
• We convened a group of literary artists and urban nature scientists to co-create stories of urban nature and community as part of the NSF LTER project in MSP.
• Released a comprehensive evaluation of 40 years of efforts to achieve water quality goals in the Chesapeake Bay, "Achieving water quality goals in the Chesapeake Bay: An evaluation of system response". Stephenson was the lead editor. The report involved over 50 scientists and took four years to produce. Report was released May 6, 2023.
• Conducted two surveys with farmers on cover crop adoption with over 1,500 returned surveys in combination. Conducted six focus groups with farmers and crop insurance program administrators.
• Impacts (grants, contracts, other resources obtained related to projects)

"Branching Out: Helping small and medium size farmers tap into emerging markets, diversify land management, and grow new networks." USDA/AFRI Small and Medium Sized Farms program. E. Huff (PI), A. Rissman, K. Floress, and D. Jackson-Smith (Co-PIs). ($650,000; 2023-2028) 

• Arrueta, L., M. Kalcik, and D. Jackson-Smith. Simulating the effects of behavioral and physical heterogeneity on non-point source pollution. (forthcoming) Journal of American Water Resources Association
• Eaton, W., M. Burnham, T. Robertson,,G. Arbuckle, K.J. Brasier, M. Burbach, S. Church, G. Hart-Fredeluces, D, Jackson-Smith, G. Wildermuth, et al. 2022. Advancing the scholarship and practice of stakeholder engagement in working landscapes: A co-produced research agenda" Socio-Ecological Practice Research 4:283-304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42532-022-00132-8
• Elias, E. B Fuchs, J Lisonbee, T Bernadt, V Martinez Evolution of the Southwest Drought Learning Network: Collective Response to Exceptional Drought. … - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2023
• Haigh, T, E Wickham, S Hamlin, C Knutson  Planning Strategies and Barriers to Achieving Local Drought Preparedness Journal of the American Planning Association, 2022
• Haigh, TR, JA Otkin, M Woloszyn, D Todey, C Felkley Meeting the drought information needs of Midwest perennial specialty crop producers. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 2022
• Haeffner, M., D. Jackson-Smith, and M. Barnett. 2023. Categorizing relative water use perception bias using household surveys and monthly water bills. Journal of Environmental Management 334:117443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117443
• Jackson-Smith, D. and H. Veisi. 2023. A Typology to Guide Design and Assessment of Participatory Agricultural Research Projects. Socio-Ecological Practice Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42532-023-00149-7
• Otkin, JA, M Woloszyn, H Wang, M Svoboda. 2022. Getting ahead of Flash Drought: From Early Warning to Early Action - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2022
• Spangler, K., E. Burchfield, C. Radel, D. Jackson-Smith, and R. Johnson. 2022. Crop diversification in Idaho’s Magic Valley: the present and the imaginary. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 42(99) https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-022-00833-0
• Ulrich-Schad, JD, S Li, JG Arbuckle, E Avemegah. 2022. An Inventory and Assessment of Sample Sources for Survey Research with Agricultural Producers in the US. Society & Natural Resources, 2022
• Ulrich-Schad, J.D., S. Li, J. Arbuckle, E. Avemegah, K. Brasier, M. Burnham, A.K. Chaudhary, W. Eaton, W. Gu, T. Haigh, D. Jackson-Smith, A. Metcalf, A. Pradhananga, L. Prokopy, M. Sanderson, E. Wade, and A. Wilke. 2022. An inventory and assessment of sample sources for survey research with agricultural producers in the U.S. Society and Natural Resources 35(7):804-812. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2022.2081392
• Wardropper, C, Genskow, K, Lavoie, A., Franklin, D., Usher, E., Wilke, A., Arbuckle, J., Jackson-Smith, D., Prokopy, L., and Rissman, A. 2023. Comparing states’ Nutrient Reduction Strategies in the US Upper Mississippi River Basin. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 78(1):70-81. https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2023.00025.