Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Brief Summary of Annual NC1173 Multi-State Project Meeting

Minutes were taken by Margarita López-Uribe (Penn State)

• The NC1173 business meeting was conducted as part of the 2023 American Bee Research Conference (ABRC) with the American Association of Professional Apiculturists (AAPA) meeting. We met in Jacksonville, FL on January 5 and 6 2023 during the American Beekeeping Federation (ABF) Meeting. The ABRC meeting serves as the scientific program for the NC1173 multi-state group. A detailed agenda for the ABRC meeting can be found online (https://aapa.cyberbee.net/2022/abrc-2023-final-agenda/), and it was submitted in conjunction with this report. The proceedings of the conference will be published in the coming months in bee Culture.
• The business meeting was called to order at 5:00 pm EST by chairperson Dr. Margarita López-Uribe from Penn State University. The Project Director / Administrative Advisor, Dr. Brian McCornack (Kansas State University) joined the meeting via zoom. Of the 41 current members listed in NIMMS, 14 were in attendance during the meeting. 
• The first point was to review the current status of the multi-state project. Dr. Margarita López-Uribe reminded everyone of the objectives of the project and the timeline (10/01/2019 to 09/30/2024), and that we will need to submit a new project by the end of the year. The new timeline includes three steps: (1) Request to write a proposal (9/15); (2) Submit new project objectives (10/15); and (3) Submit the full new proposal to NIMSS. Members who have previously submitted renewal projects (including Drs. Reed Johnson, Judy Wu-Smart, Marla Spivak, and Juliana Rangel-Posada) and others, including Michelle Flenniken and David Tarpy, provided valuable input including the suggestion to use previous projects submitted and using the ABRC proceedings to guide the future directions of the NC1173 project. 
• Dr. Brian McCornack encouraged this group to work on better synthesizing the information in the report and try to highlight the collaborative multi-state efforts instead of focusing on the efforts of individual members of the group. 
• Members discussed that an important point to be considered for a new multi-state project is the incorporation of objectives that are more holistic including pollinator health beyond honey bees. 
• The NC1173 project renewal team includes Dr. Margarita López-Uribe (Chair in 2023), Dr. Priyadarshini Chakrabarti Basu (Vice-Chair in 2023) with assistance from Dr. Michelle Flenniken (previous Chair) and Dr. Judy Wu-Smart (previous Chair). Bryan Danforth and Rachel Winfree have expressed an interest in participating in the write-up of the new multi-state project to incorporate research objectives that are more relevant to other bees as well. 
• Dr. López-Uribe reminded all members that reports of all 2022 activities are due on January 27 2023 to be included in the NC1173 annual report on February 15th 2023.
• Dr. McCornack suggested that we survey the NC1173 members that do not participate in the ABRC meeting and asked them what changes could be incorporated to increase their participation in the meeting and multi-state efforts.
• Next year, we will meet with the American Beekeeping Federation (ABF) in New Orleans (LA) on January 11 and 12th 2024. Meeting was adjourned at 5:50 pm (EST).

NC1173 Accomplishments:  

Objective 1a: (Biotic Stressors: Pests & Pathogens)

Honey bees are attacked by a large number of parasites and pathogens. Varroa destructor—an ectoparasitic mite that feeds on honey bees—is one of the deadliest pests currently facing the US beekeeping industry. Varroa mites transmit viruses within and between colonies, including deformed wing virus (DWV), which are often associated with overwinter losses of honey bee colonies. In addition, managed honey bees are threatened by bacterial (e.g., American and European Foulbrood) and eukaryotic pathogens (e.g., Vairimorpha) and other pests (e.g., small hive beetles). Growing evidence has demonstrated that some of these honey bee pathogens can be picked up by wild bees visiting shared floral resources with honey bees. This potential for pathogen transmission has raised concerns about the consequences that poor pest and disease management in honey bees may have on wild bee fauna. 

 Short-term Outcomes:  

• Nothing to report

Outputs:

• Development of new compounds against Varroa and tests for toxicity to adult honey bees in an effort to identify new active ingredients that might be useful in the fight against Varroa (Ellis and Jack, UF; Shepard, WSU; Johnson, OSU). Other developments include new assays investigating how behavioral responses linked to hygienic behavior may impact intra-colony virus transmission and Varroa control (Spivak, UM; Li-Byarlay Central State; and Rangel, TAMU).
• Studies on the mating biology and chemical ecology of small hive beetles are under development with the goal of better understanding what is driving their spread and establishment in new areas (Williams, Auburn). Assays for new compounds for small hive beetle control (including acetamiprid and fipronil) are under development (Jack and Ellis, UF).
• The efficacy of Oxytetracycline (OTC) is currently being tested to control European Foulbrood (EFB) disease in honey bee colonies pollinating early-season specialty crops such as blueberries (Sagili, OSU).
• Novel data directly linking virus levels in mites and bees are providing empirical support for the amplification of viruses using mites as vectors (Tarpy, NCSU). In addition, experimental work has demonstrated that Varroa mites favor different variants of Deformed Wing Virus (DWV) (Grozinger, PSU).
• Empirical studies surveying bees in North Carolina and Pennsylvania found no support for spillover of honey bee pathogens to wild bees (Tarpy, NCSU; López-Uribe, PSU). 
• Studies incorporating landscape information with disease prevalence in bumble bees indicate that higher floral availability promotes healthier bees (Hines and Grozinger; PSU).

Activities:

• Nothing to report.

Milestones:

• Publish shared protocols for pathogen quantification in honey bees and wild bees to increase opportunities for meta-analyses of data collected across the United States.

Objective 1b: (Abiotic Stressors: Pesticides, Forage Availability, Nutrition)

Major abiotic stressors contributing to honey bee health decline include pesticide exposure, malnutrition, and climatic instability. NC1173 members are assessing the effects of these interacting factors on bees and their pollination services through laboratory assays, field experiments and landscape-level data. 

Short-term Outcomes:  

• Published a pipeline for generating pesticide toxicity data at landscape scales across the United States (Grozinger, PSU). 

Outputs:

• The antagonistic interactions between malnutrition and insecticides negatively impacts traits linked to fitness and immunity traits such as sperm quality and hypopharyngeal gland activity (Williams, Auburn).
• Larval nutritional stress in bees can have long-lasting effects on honey bee health including their ability to respond to viral infection as adults (Walton, Dolezal, and Toth, ISU). Studies looking at the influence of nutrition (specifically phytosterols, protein and lipid ratios) on the outcome of pathogenic infections continued to be an active research are in several NC1173 labs (i.e., Sagili OSU; Rangel, TAMU; Grozinger, PSU).
• Models based on national weather data demonstrated that weather instability and extreme weather events are key drivers of honey bee colony losses in the United States (Williams, Auburn; Grozinger, PSU). 
• A multi-institution team from PSU, MSU, USGS, WI demonstrated that poor weather conditions could be buffered by increasing the amount of herbaceous grassy land (Grozinger, PSU). Similar findings in soybean plantations highlight the benefits of natural prairie floral resources for bee health (Toth, ISU).
• Pesticide residue analyses on pollen from agricultural and urban sites indicate that pesticide exposure is lower in urban than in agricultural areas (Ellis, UF; Huang, MSU; Rangel, TAMU).
• Efforts related to toxicology have expanded to investigate the impact of fungicides and adjuvants on bee health. Preliminary analyses investigating the impact of fungicides on the development of solitary bees have no significant effects (Danforth, Cornell). In contrast, research on commonly used spray adjuvants has demonstrated greater toxicity to adult honey bees than the fungicides or insecticides that they are mixed with (Reed, OSU).
• A novel route of pesticide exposure to bees and wildlife was identified through the improper disposal of pesticide-treated expired seeds through ethanol production. This novel practice began in 2015 and has resulted in large, unprecedented amounts of waste laden with systemic pesticides, like neonicotinoids, leaching into the environment for years. These events have led to the development of a One Health framework to protect bees, wildlife, and humans from these types of toxic waste using a “systems approach” (Wu-Smart, UNL).

Activities:

• Organized a pollen-collection training session at USGS Eastern Ecological Science Center, Laurel, MD (Sagili OSU). 
• In 2022, a One Health internship was offered to students from different fields (pre-veterinary, fisheries and wildlife, and entomology majors) (Wu-Smart, UNL).
• At Home Beekeeping Webinar Series was attended by over 2,500 participants during the reporting period. Overall, 88% and 59% of participants indicated that they plan to implement learned practices and that attendance will save them money moving forward, respectively. (Ellis and Jack, UF; Delaplane and Berry, UGA; Tarpy, NCSU; Webster, KYS; Tsuruda, UTN; Chakrabarti Basu, MSU; Healy, LSU; Simone-Finstrom and Lau, USDA-ARS; Rangel, TAMU; Williams, Auburn)

Milestones:

• Development of a pollen lipids, proteins, phytosterols and amino acids database that will be publicly available for researchers, policymakers, citizens, and stakeholders. 

Objective 2: (Genetics, Breeding, & Diversity)

Breeding mite and disease resistant traits in honey bee stock and diversifying honey bee genetics and selection efforts are more sustainable solutions to address the pest and pathogen issues in honey bees and is a long-term goal for NC1173 members. 

Short-term Outcomes:  Nothing to report 

Outputs:

• Novel developments on the implementation of genomic selection into breeding decisions with international collaborations (Harpur, Purdue) 
• Studies of genetic diversity of honey bees in the United States are offering new insights into baseline levels of genetic diversity and levels of Africanization of populations in northern states (Harpur, Purdue; López-Uribe, PSU).
• Efforts to select for stocks with high grooming and mite biting behavior from local feral colonies (Li-Byarlay CSU; Harpur, Purdue). 
• Side-by-side comparisons of honey bee stock performance indicate that locally bred stocks outperform other stocks in northern states (Harpur, Purdue; López-Uribe, PSU).
• Comparisons of virus levels (DWV) in feral and managed honey bees indicate that colonies show comparable levels of viruses in Texas (Rangel, TAMU). However, DWV strains from managed colonies are more virulent than the strains from feral colonies (Grozinger, PSU).

Activities:

• Offered online programs (webinars) and field days to beekeepers on queen-rearing and grafting (Li-Byarlay CSU)

Milestones:

• Joint review publication on the available honey bee stock in the United States and their phenotypic traits.

Objective 3: (Management)

Management practices to maintain healthy honey bees and landscapes that support pollinators are in high demand and recommendations continue to evolve with new research. Therefore, NC1173 members strive to engage in research activities that are relevant to stakeholder needs to better provide the most up-to-date, science-based recommendations to beekeepers, pesticide applicators, farmers, homeowners, and policymakers. Efforts for this objective include recommendations on how to better manage pests and pathogens in honey bees, enhancing landscapes for pollinators, and options to reduce exposure or mitigate the effects of pesticides.  

Short-term Outcomes:  

• Support for the practical implementation of rough box hives to support propolis collection and colony health (Spivak, UMN).
• Developed a rapid assessment protocol for ranking pollinator-attractive plants (Grozinger and Patch, PSU).
• Cooperation with a private company (Dalan Animal Health, LLC) for the development of a vaccine for American Foulbrood (AFB) (Delaplane, UGA).

Outputs:

• Development of protocols and recommendations on how to integrate Varroa mite management using organic acids and cultural measures (López-Uribe, PSU; Williams, Auburn).
• New results on the implementation of thyme oil and thymol for immune stimulation of honey bees in response to virus infections (Flenniken, MSU).

• Successful implementation of the use of rough surface texture of hive boxes to enhance propolis collection in honey bees, which had positive impacts on colony population size and colony homeostasis (Spivak, UMN).
• Development and implementation of novel technologies for queen presence in honey bee colonies (via sound detections) (Huang, MSU).
• Analyses are underway to determine particular tree species are associated with diverse and abundant pollinator communities, and/or whether particular tree and bee species are associated. This information can be directly used for restoration efforts of pollination populations (Winfree, Rutgers).
• Data from pollination experiments of several crops across the United States indicate that there is pollinator limitation in about 25%-30% of crop fields (Winfree, Rutgers).

Activities:

• Surveys indicate overwhelming enthusiasm for pollinator-friendly practices but gaps in knowledge about which practices are most effective and what tools are available to implement them. These results give general guidelines for the development of pollinator extension programs to address these knowledge gaps (Toth, ISU).

Milestones:

• Centralized repository with documents about best management practices for honey bees and landscapes for different regions across the United States.

NC1173 Member Publications (01/01/2022 to 12/31/2022)

*Papers applicable to multiple objectives are only reported once.

Summary table and list of publications by topic reported by NC1173 committee members for 2020. NC1173 authors are indicated in bold.

Objective 1a: Biotic Stressors (Pests & pathogens)

Bartlett, L.J., Martinez-Mejia, C., Delaplane, K.S. 2022. Honey bees (Apis mellifera Hymenoptera: Apidae) preferentially avoid sugar solutions supplemented with field-relevant concentrations of hydrogen peroxide despite high tolerance limits. J. Insect Sci. https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/ieab102

Chapman, A., E. Amiri, B. Han, E. McDermott, O. Rueppell, D. R. Tarpy, L. J. Foster, and A. McAfee. (2022). Cryptic costs of viral infection in a model social insect. Scientific Reports, 12: 15857.

Cleary, D., Szalanski, A. L. 2022. Molecular Diagnostic Survey of Honey Bee, Apis mellifera L., Pathogens and Parasites from Arkansas, USA. Journal of Apicultural Science, 66(2), 149-158. 10.2478/JAS-2022-0014 

Jones LJ, Singh A, Schilder RJ, López-Uribe MM. (2022) High parasite prevalence in the squash bees Eucera (Peponapis) pruinosa from the northeastern United States. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 195: 107848.

Levenson, H. K. and D. R. Tarpy. (2022). Effects of planted pollinator habitat on pathogen prevalence and interspecific detection between bee species. Scientific Reports, 12: 7806.

Papach, A., Beaurepaire, A., Yañez, O., Huwiler, M., Williams, G.R., Neumann, P. 2022. Multiple mating by both sexes in an invasive insect species, Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae). Insect Science https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.13112

Papach, A., Balusu, R., Williams, G.R., Fadamiro, H.Y., Neumann, P. 2022. The smell of sex: cuticular hydrocarbons of adult small hive beetles, Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae). Journal of Apicultural Research 61, 365-367.

Walton, A., Toth A. L., Dolezal, A.G. 2021. Developmental environment shapes honeybee worker response to virus infection. Scientific reports 11 (1), 1-12

Objective 1b: Abiotic Stressors (Pesticides, nutrition, landscapes)

Bartlett, L.J., Bruckner, S., Delaney, D.A., Williams, G.R., Delaplane, K.S., 2022. A computational approach to tracking age-based task frequency distributions of Apis mellifera worker cohorts. Journal of Apicultural Research, 61, 147-150.

Carlson, E.A, Melathopoulos A and Sagili R (2022) The Value of Hazard Quotients in Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Ecotoxicology: A Review. Front. Ecol. Evol. 10:824992. doi: 10.3389/fevo.2022.824992 

Chakrabarti, P.# , Milone, J.P.^#, Sagili, R.R. and Tarpy, D.R. (2021) Colony-level pesticide exposure affects honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) royal jelly production and nutritional composition. Chemosphere 263: 128183. (# Equal first author contributions)

Chakrabarti, P. and Sagili, R.R. (2020) Changes in honey bee head proteome in response to dietary 24-methylenecholesterol manipulation. Insects 11: 743.

Chakrabarti, P., Carlson, E.A.^, Lucas, H.M., Melathopoulos, A. and Sagili, R.R. (2020) Field rates of Sivanto™ (flupyradifurone) and Transform® (sulfoxaflor) increase oxidative stress and induce apoptosis in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). PLOS ONE 15(5): e0233033.

Chakrabarti, P., Lucas, H.M. and Sagili, R.R. (2020) Novel Insights into Dietary Phytosterol Utilization and Its Fate in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.). Molecules 25: 571.

Crone, M. K., Biddinger, D. J., and C.M. Grozinger. “Wild bee nutritional ecology: Integrative strategies to assess foraging preferences and nutritional requirements” Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 6:847003. doi: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.847003

Dai, W., Yang, Y., Patch, H.M., Grozinger, C.M., and J. Mu “Soil moisture affects plant-pollinator interactions in an annual flowering plant”  Philosophical Transactions B 3772021042320210423 http://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2021.0423

Démares, F.J., Schmehl, D.R., Bloomquist, J.R., Cabrera, A.R., Huang, Z.Y., Lau, P., Rangel, J., Sullivan, J., Xie, X., Ellis, J.D. 2022. Honey bee (Apis mellifera) exposure to pesticide residues in nectar and pollen in urban and suburban environments from four regions of the United States. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 41(4): 991-1003. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5298. 

Douglas, M.R., Baisley, P., Soba, S., Kammerer, M.A., Lonsdorf, E.V., and C.M. Grozinger.  “Putting pesticides on the map for pollinator research and conservation” Scientific Data 9, 571  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01584-z

Erickson, E., Grozinger, C.M., and H.M. Patch. “Measuring plant attractiveness to pollinators: methods and considerations”  Journal of Environmental Entomology toac066, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toac066

Frizzera, D., Ray, A., Seffin, E., Zanni, V., Annoscia, D., Grozinger, C. and F. Nazzi. “The beneficial effect of pollen on Varroa infected bees depends on its effects on behavioral maturation genes”  Frontiers in Insect Science  vol 2, https://doi.org/10.3389/finsc.2022.864238

Gupta Vakil, S.*, Biswas, S., Snow, D., Wu-Smart, J. 2022. Targeted Method for Quantifying Air-Borne Pesticide Residues from Conventional Seed Coat Treatments to Better Assess Exposure Risk During Maize Planting. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 109, 1051–1058. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-022-03627-y

Harvey J, Tougeron K, Gols R, Heinen R, Abarca M, Abram PK, Basset Y, Berg M, Boggs C, Brodeur J, Cardoso P, de Boer JG, De Snoo G, Deacon C, Dell JE, Desneux N, Dillon M, Duffy GA, Dyer L, Jacintha E, Espíndola A, Fordyce J, Forister M, Fukushima C, García-Robledo C, Gely C, Gobbi M, Hallmann C, Hance T, Harte J, Hochkirch A, Hof C, Kingsolver J, Lamarre GPA, Laurance W, Lavandero B, Le Lann C, Ma C-S; Ma G, Moiroux J, Monticelli L, Shah AA, Thakur MP, Thomas M, Van de Pol M, Verberk WCEP, Lehmann P, López-Uribe MM; Nice C, Ode P, Pincebourde S, Ripple W, Rowe M, Samways M, Sentis A, Stork N, Terblanche J, Tylianakis J, van Baaren J, van der Putten W, Wagner D, Van Dyck H, Chown S, Wyckhuys K, Woods HA, Wetzel W, Weisser W. (2022) Scientists’ warning on climate change and insects. Ecological Monographs e1553 https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1553

Kumar, D., Banerjee, D., Chakrabarti, P., Sarkar, S. and Basu, P. (2022) Oxidative stress and apoptosis in Asian honey bees (A. cerana) exposed to multiple pesticides in intensive agricultural landscape. Apidologie 53: 25.

Hall, M.J., Zhang, G., O’Neal, M.E., Bradbury, S.P. and Coats, J.R., 2022. Quantifying neonicotinoid insecticide residues in milkweed and other forbs sampled from prairie strips established in maize and soybean fields. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 325, p.107723.

Heller, S.; Fine, J.; Phan, N.T.; Rajotte, E.G.; Biddinger, D.J.; Joshi, N.K. Toxicity of Formulated Systemic Insecticides Used in Apple Orchard Pest Management Programs to the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera (L.)). Environments 2022, 9, 90. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments9070090

Incorvaia, D.C., T. Dalrymple, Z.Y. Huang, F.C. Dyer. 2022. Short and long-term modulation of forager motivation by colony state in bumblebees. Animal Behavior,. 190: 61-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2022.05.007

Insolia, L., Molinari, R., Rogers, S.R., Williams, G.R., Chiaromonte, F., Calovi, M., 2022. Honey bee colony loss linked to parasites, pesticides and extreme weather across the United States. Scientific Reports 12, 20787.

Levenson, H. K., A. Sharp, and D. R. Tarpy. (2022). Evaluating the impact of increased pollinator habitat in surrounding agricultural systems. Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment, 331: 107901.

Lin C-H, Suresh S, Matcham E, Monagan P, Curtis H, Richardson RT, et al. Soybean is a Common Nectar Source for Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in a Midwestern Agricultural Landscape. J Econ Entomol. 2022;115: 1846–1851. doi:10.1093/jee/toac140

Mathis, C.L., Neil, D.J., Lee, M.R., Grozinger, C.M., Otto, C.R.V., and J. L. Larkin. “ Can’t See the Flowers for the Trees: Factors Driving Floral Abundance within Early-successional Forests in the Central Appalachian Mountains” Canadian Journal of Forest Research https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2022-0014

McAfee, A., B. N. Metz, J. P. Milone, L. J. Foster, and D. R. Tarpy. (2022). Drone honey bees (Apis mellifera) are disproportionately sensitive to abiotic stressors despite expressing high levels of stress response proteins. Communication Biology, 5: 141.

McMinn-Sauder H, Lin C-H, Eaton T, Johnson R. A comparison of springtime pollen and nectar foraging in honey bees kept in urban and agricultural environments. Front Sustain Food Syst. 2022;6. doi:10.3389/fsufs.2022.825137

McLaughlin, R., Keller, J., Wagner, E., Biddinger, D., Grozinger, C. and K. Hoover.  “Insect visitors of black cherry (Prunus serotina) (Rosales: Rosaceae) and factors affecting viable seed production” Environmental Entomology nvab141, https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvab14

Metz, B.N., Chakrabarti, P. and Sagili R.R. (2021) Honey bee nursing responses to cuticular cues emanating from short-term changes in larval rearing environment. Journal of Insect Science 21: 7.

Overturf, K.A., Steinhauer, N., Molinari, R., Wilson, M.E., Watt, A.C., Cross, R.M., vanEngelsdorp, D., Williams, G.R., Rogers, S.R. 2022. Winter weather predicts honey bee colony loss at the national scale. Ecological Indicators 145, 109709.

Prestby, T.J., Robinson, A.C., McLaughlin, D., Dudas, P.M., and C.M. Grozinger. “Characterizing user needs for Beescape: A spatial decision support tool focused on pollinator health”  Journal of Environmental Management 325: 116416 (2023).  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.1164

Price, B.E , Breece C, Galindo G, Greenhalgh A, Sagili R, Choi M, Lee J (2022) Nonnutritive Sugars for Spotted-Wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Control Have Minimal Nontarget Effects on Honey Bee Larvae, a Pupal Parasitoid, and Yellow Jackets, Environmental Entomology, nvac095, https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvac095

Quinlan GM, Sponsler D, Gaines-Day HR, McMinn-Sauder HBG, Otto CRV, Smart AH, Colin T, Gratton C, Isaacs R, Johnson R, Milbrath MO, Grozinger CM. Grassy–herbaceous land moderates regional climate effects on honey bee colonies in the Northcentral US. Environ Res Lett. 2022;17: 064036. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac7063

Straub, L., Strobl, V., Bruckner, S., Camenzind, D.W., Van Oystaeyen, A., Wäckers, F., Williams, G.R., Neumann, P. 2022. Buffered fitness components: Antagonism between malnutrition and an insecticide in bumble bees. Science of The Total Environment 833, 155098.

Topitzhofer, E., Lucas, H.M., Carlson, E.A.^, Chakrabarti, P., Sagili, R.R. (2021) Collection and Identification of Pollen from Honey Bee Colonies. Journal of Visualized Experiments. DOI: 10.3791/62064.

Tsuruda, J.M.#, Chakrabarti, P.# and Sagili, R.R. (2021) Honey Bee Nutrition. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice – Honey Bee Veterinary Medicine. Invited review currently in press. (# Equal first author contributions)

Walker EK, Brock GN, Arvidson RS, Johnson RM. Acute toxicity of fungicide-insecticide-adjuvant combinations applied to almonds during bloom on adult honey bees. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2022;41: 1042–1053. doi:10.1002/etc.5297

Zhang, G., St. Clair, A.L., Dolezal, A.G., Toth, A.L. and O’Neal, M.E., 2022. Can native plants mitigate climate-related forage dearth for honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae)?. Journal of economic entomology, 115(1), pp.1-9.

Objective 2: Genetics, Breeding, Diversity

Metz, B. N. and D. R. Tarpy. (2022). Variation in drone size leads to different life history decisions consistent with varying, long-term mating strategy. PeerJ, 10: e13859.

Objective 3: Management

Berry, J., Bartlett, L.J., Bruckner, S., Baker, C., Braman, K., Delaplane, K.S., Williams, G.R. 2022. Assessing repeated oxalic acid vaporization in honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies for control of the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor. Journal of Insect Science 22, https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/ieab089.

Borchardt, K.E., Morales, C.L., Aizen, M.A. and Toth, A.L., 2021. Plant–pollinator conservation from the perspective of systems-ecology. Current Opinion in Insect Science, 47, pp.154-161.

Cass, R.P., Hodgson, E.W., O’Neal, M.E., Toth, A.L. and Dolezal, A.G., 2022. Attitudes About Honey Bees and Pollinator-Friendly Practices: A Survey of Iowan Beekeepers, Farmers, and Landowners. Journal of Integrated Pest Management, 13(1), p.30.

Dolezal, A.G., Torres, J. and O’Neal, M.E., 2021. Can solar energy fuel pollinator conservation?. Environmental entomology, 50(4), pp.757-761.

Hopkins, B.K., Chakrabarti, P., Lucas, H.M., Sagili, R.R. and Sheppard, W.S. (2021) Impacts of different winter storage conditions on the physiology of diutinus honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). Journal of Economic Entomology toaa302: 1-6.

Jack, C.J., Kleckner, K., Demares, F., Rault, L.C., Anderson, T.D., Carlier, P.R., Bloomquist, J.R., Ellis, J.D. 2022. Testing new compounds for efficacy against Varroa destructor and safety to honey bees (Apis mellifera). Pest Management Science, 78: 159-165. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.6617.

Kleckner, K., De Carolis, A., Jack, C., Stuhl, C., Formato, G., Ellis, J.D. 2022. A novel acute toxicity bioassay and field trial to evaluate compounds for small hive beetle control. Applied Sciences, 12, 9905. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12199905. 

Kline, O.; Phan, N.T.; Porras, M.F.; Chavana, J.; Little, C.Z.; Stemet, L.; Acharya, R.S.; Biddinger, D.J.; Reddy, G.V.P.; Rajotte, E.G.; Joshi, N.K. Biology, Genetic Diversity, and Conservation of Wild Bees in Tree Fruit Orchards. Biology 2023, 12, 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12010031

Lamke, K., Wedin D., and Wu-Smart, J. 2022. Remnant prairies and high-diversity restorations support wild bees season-long. The Prairie Naturalist Journal Special Edition 1: 30-40. 

Simone-Finstrom, M., M. K. Strand, D. R. Tarpy, and O. Rueppell. (2022). Impact of honey bee migratory management on pathogen loads and immune gene expression is affected by complex interactions with environment, worker life history, and season. Journal of Insect Science, 22: 17: 1–10.

Other publications

Aldercotte A, D T Simpson, and R Winfree. 2022. Crop visitation by wild bees declines over an eight-year time series —a dramatic trend, or just dramatic between-year variation? Insect Conservation and Diversity. DOI: 10.1111/icad.12589 

Andrade TO, Ramos KS, López-Uribe MM, Branstetter MG, Brandão CRF. (2022) Integrative approach resolves the taxonomy of Eulaema cingulata (Apidae, Euglossini), an important pollinator in the Neotropics. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 94: 247–269

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