Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Recordings can be found at:

Part I: https://unl.zoom.us/rec/play/cR5OJ_nkbriT3OaW8C7GwHI3SyK0hW0vPTAqo4yYxYW-gF2_MbE7yJxs5s92hzuM8ITIBLTNRvmCeV-m.jnfGqUqMi7ByWk58?startTime=1645020276000&_x_zm_rtaid=TW4oTwGvQVuNJSqEt1b0pA.1648235659712.a864a54b852ad3e10147adfebe738a14&_x_zm_rhtaid=105

Part II: https://unl.zoom.us/rec/play/nsl59OGKoWH6rfIILeuA3LtUxre6-_61mw6M9xJoneX-OVNTnSr_ODxO28Yu67jnmKvd38KmYuI0Sijr.NVw-Vb5sqp6YQWIE?startTime=1645027903000&_x_zm_rtaid=vdOFXD-1Te-N6TVnbw3ijA.1648235659902.494729a9890900eb22a3499fe7d4da30&_x_zm_rhtaid=689

Part III: https://unl.zoom.us/rec/play/ddOkB6tMqRXiRBgJiPBBfQ3MrW7ExyeHBe1jW7o2gVA3unPlIBJpWuX66E1dcSVPv6O9G1LUUInFM01H.bv1gAMOMOhtBJ1f0?startTime=1645027903000&_x_zm_rtaid=vdOFXD-1Te-N6TVnbw3ijA.1648235659902.494729a9890900eb22a3499fe7d4da30&_x_zm_rhtaid=689

Part I:

Administrative Update (2:04)

Dr. Henry Fadamiro, Texas A&M

• Key contacts: Gary Thompson, Executive Director of Southern Association of Agricultural Experiment Station Directors; Cindy Morley, Program Coordinator
• Role of Advisors: communication link between Multistate and SAAESD; guidance to the technical committee; assure activity effectively carrying out its functions; evaluate the level of effort and quality of the activity; authorizes meetings and reporting
• Report: value of impacts section.
• S1080 terminates in Sept 30, 2023, project renewal starts in 2022; the writing committee submit a request to write a proposal (Issues and justifications) Sept 30; Oct 30: upload remaining proposal sections; March 15: final proposal due with a list of 5 peer reviewers. June 15: response to reviewers [Kelly T, Chris DF, Dominic R, David O; and Jeff Davis if sent 3D prints. See PartIII]

Soybean Pest Losses

Dr. Fred Musser, Mississippi State

• 18 states; 47% of acreage
• Yield loss ~ 3.15%, 1.08 foliar applications, 60% seed treatment, 44% scouted
• SB’s, CEW, AW, SL, BLB, TSM, Slug, JB, SCM
• Q: send a standardized survey to state soybean boards?

State Reports (Part I, 55:00)

• Arkansas (Ben Thrash): armyworm outbreak, Corn earworm (CEW) late. Stink bugs worse than normal.
• Delaware (David Owens): Seed corn maggot (SCM) and slugs early, stink bugs late, CEW low. Slug phenology and natural enemy collaborative project with VA; strip trials with prophylactic insecticides. Michael Crossley joined.
• Iowa (Matt O’Neal): warm winter, 9.9 million acres; severe dought but yields were 62 bu. PLH in July; aphids were low. Plant hopper present. Mutations in aphids near 40-50% prior to insecticide selection. Gall midge transects = 40% fields in west Iowa along field edges but more dispersed than further west.
• Kentucky: (Raul Villanueva): spider mites. Seedcorn maggot and slugs, some replants 4x. Student on slug baits and ground beetles. Fall armyworm in double crops. Brown mamorated stink bug (BMSB) becoming more prevalent.
• Louisiana (Jeff Davis): drought. Plant between March and July. Fall armyworm was prevalent. BMSB came in.
• Michigan (Chris DiFonzo): SCM in beans, especially in early beans – pushed by agronomists. SCM blew through neonic treatments. Discussion on imidacloprid and planting timing.
• Minnesota (Bob Koch): droughty. Spider mites! Aphids down. Grasshoppers in western part, BLB resurging. Soybean gall midge in 30 counites. Hog Peanut Leafminer. Possible parasitoid for gall midge. Comment: neonicotinoids detected in deer spleens.
• Mississippi (Fred Musser): June flooding. Loopers, stink bugs, and velvetbean caterpillar. Monitored for diamide resistance in loopers. CEW NPV study. Drone sampling soybean and rice.
• Nebraska (Justin McMechan): a little bit of BLB and SCM early. Primary focus on gall midge. Visited 245 fields in August, 56% had larvae, 20 new counties. Little success with chemical management. Cultural and host plant resistance promising.

Part II

Discussion on S1080 Meeting and Future Directions

Expand S1080 meeting participation to include groups such as United Soybean Board or industry partners. No specific outside interest has been cited. What about having some regional growers participate say with a moving S1080 location every year? USB or a soybean breeder? Andy: soybean breeder workshop in Feb. every year St. Louis. 2023 might have an insect-focused symposium. Also close to USB and Bayer. Need to have a detailed agenda to attract their interest. It’s on the S1080 group to gain their interest. Soybean breeders alternate between entomology and plant pathology. Public Private partnership to help screen varieties given to tech reps for insect responses? Could regional IPM Center help fund some focus group-type projects. 4-5K per group. Farm Bureau?

Pick a theme for the meeting. Invited guests would enrich the meeting. Would need funding for it.

Could also alternate soybean breeder and SEB ESA meeting. NCSRP? National meeting

Nominations and House Keeping

Check participants on basecamp and update accordingly.

Secretary nomination goes to: Michael Crossley.

State Reports Continued

• Illinois (N. Seiter): SCM issues in early beans. FAW was minor, but in some double crop beans. Some more BLB. No soybean gall midge. Rootworms are very low, except in northern IL.
• Delaware (M. Crossley): Introduction
• North Dakota (J. Knodel): severe drought. Grasshoppers on edges. Blister beetles. Aphids low. Some TSM, some BLB increasing. No soybean gall midge yet.

Lorsban and chlorpyrifos notes regarding the Feb 28 tolerance revocation

• Ohio (K. Tilmon): BMSB lures for soybean. There is a reliable correlation between lures and edge counts. Soybean defoliation card. Revising Stink Bug guide. 3-D printing for later in the afternoon.
• Oklahoma (T. Royer): OK acres 300-500,000 acres. Farmers are concerned about stink bugs. Some grasshopper issues. Half of OK will not be able to use 2-4,D traits because of American Burying Beetle.

Part III

3-D printing

(first part of the segment not recorded).

3d printing of defoliation leaves to fit on key chains. Spotted lanternfly. Soybean gall midge. This way everyone can have a ‘sample’ when the target critter is not present at field days or other meetings. Idea started with 3D printing western bean cutworm egg masses.

Sketch models are saved as .obj files or .html files that can be shared. Color scanners handy help with 3D printing with color codes. Good to have access to your own/department printer because they went through a lot of design failures before taking to a print shop. Input file into a slicer software. Andy has Prusa system. Cost is about a penny/stink bug and takes 2 hours to make 40. Export G-code. Run and print. FDA filament-based and SLA resin-based printers (more professional). “biodegradable” filaments. Various types of filaments. Some printers have issues with different types of filaments. Some printers can do more or fewer colors. Watch out for paperwork hoops with foreign-made printers.

Put some instruction files in an S1080 drive folder?

3D-scanner help with the design.

Other model ideas: Soybean cyst nematode vs nodules. Other entomology equipment? Egg Bazookas? Swag? CLB in wheat? Frass? WhoDunIt models. Diseases?

Watch out for the Logo Police and document utility.

Soybean Gall Midge

New publication on it five states, 140 counties. Found in soybean and sweet clover. The vast majority of overwintering emergence of adults comes from the previous year’s soybean, to date soybean gall midge does not overwinter for more than one year. Little silk cocoons near the soil surface. First detection May 31 – June 14. www.soybeangallmidge.org. Peak emergence roughly between mid- to late-June with emergence occurring into September. Lay eggs in fissures/cracks around the V2 stage. Scout 7 to 10 days after first adult emergence. Soybean adjacent to the previous soybean. Swelling on the lower stem is more of a reaction to disease, not necessarily gall midge. Next-generation emergence in July with about 27 days for a generation. Range 18-45. It can be out at 500 feet in soybean. Most concentrated within 100 feet of the edge along with plant injury scores. Same with yield impact. Thimet reduced larvae per plant and increased yield with a t-band at plant application. Planting date study indicated that the greatest larval infestation occurs in earlier planting dates with a decrease in late-May and early-June. Hilling soybean to cover stems showed considerable potential to mitigate injury but is not likely to be adopted by farmers.

U.S. Pests Assessment:

Regional characterizations of lepidopteran distribution in soybean are now more than 25 yr old. The goal of this study was to generate a contemporary assessment of the distribution and population persistence of lepidopteran soybean pests. To understand which species are currently infesting soybean and their persistence, we conducted a survey of soybean entomologists with responsibility for approximately 33.6 million hectares of production in 31 U.S. states. We focused this survey on five lepidopteran pests: corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), green cloverworm (Hypena scabra Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), painted lady (Vanessa cardui L.) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includens Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and velvetbean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae).  Results of this survey highlight dissimilar geographic distribution and relative persistence of lepidopteran pests in soybean.  Clear differences in occurrence and abundance among species provide important contemporary distributions and persistence estimates.  Assessments of scouting practices demonstrate a need to improve IPM adoption in some states.  Estimated insect management costs and losses due to insects in soybean during the 2020 growing season were collected and compiled from 18 states to provide a record of insect pressure and management practices for the year.  Participating states represented 48% of soybean acreage grown in the United States, with near 100% participation in southern states.  Overall, the stink bug complex was the costliest insect pest in soybean followed by corn earworm.  Total insect management costs were $15.80 per acre, with estimated crop losses to insects at $13.85 per acre, making the 2020 total costs plus losses $29.65 per acre.

Much of the southern U.S. experienced unexpected fall armyworm damage. In some cases, pyrethroid insecticides were not effective in controlling them.

Soybean Gall Midge:

As a new pest in the midwestern United States, soybean gall midge was a focus on several multi-state projects that were enhanced by the communication and coordination of the members of S1080. Over the past two years, a large regional effort was made to determine the distribution of this new species. Fields were surveyed across ND, SD, NE, KS, MO, IA, MN, WI, IL, MI, OH, and IN to determine the presence and severity of the pest. Results found that the pest is present in NE, IA, SD, MN, and MO. In 2021, 26 new counties were identified for a total of 140 counties. In existing states, present presence varied. Nebraska conducted detailed surveys and found that of the fields sampled, 56% were found to have larval presence. Historically infested counties were 74% positive for larvae for the 156 fields that were surveyed in those counties.

Outputs to clientele were significant, both in terms of communication and products. A regional alert network to rapidly delivery information on SGM emergence and management grew by 40% this past year. The system is capable of delivering an automated phone call, text message, and email. In addition, website metrics expanded significantly in 2021 with over 4,688 unique visitors and 10,369 pageviews from participants in 44 states. The combination of the information obtained and the alert system has allowed growers to test tactics and scout for this new species. Michigan State University produced thousands of postcards that were distributed to several states in an effort to increase awareness and provide information on how to scout for the pest.

With the knowledge obtained from field surveys in 2021, researchers in states adjacent to gall midge infested areas will be directed to areas of high probability using USDA CropScape and Google Earth to increase the likelihood of early detections. Significant multi-state (NE, IA, SD, and MN) are ongoing to identify management practices (cultural, chemical, biological, host plant resistance) as well as understand the pests biology to reduce injury to soybeanan.

Stink bugs:

Stink bugs were presence and abundance varied by state with some experiencing greater activity and abundance than others. Most notably was the expansion of brown marmorated stink bug in KY where they are the second most abundant species after green stink bug.  A binomial (decision-making) sampling plan was developed for stink bugs in Midwest soybean as part of a multistate effort. A multistate team has been sampling stink bugs in soybean for several years, in an attempt to document changes in populations, streamline sampling and better-predict damaging populations. Michigan has been part of that effort for several years. A new sampling project is planned for 2022. 

Cover Crop and Arthropods:

A multi-state North Central Soybean Research Project on pest and beneficial insects concluded this past year with participation from MN, SD, NE, MO, IL, WI, and OH. The project evaluated a rye cover crop to soybean transition system and found that little to no significant pest pressure occurred in soybean that followed a cover crop. Significant beneficial insect activity was observed at a number of sites. The impact of this project is that growers should be able to set aside the need for insecticide use in this system. Such practices could increase the potential for ecosystem services if a pest shows up early in the season.

(1) Document changing soybean pest and beneficial arthropod assemblages. Soybean is injured by a diverse guild of insect pests feeding on leaves, stems, roots, nodules, and pods. The major insect pests in these guilds have markedly changed in the last two decades due to the introduction and range expansion of invasive insects and the adaptation of native pests.

Peer reviewed pubs:

Shaw, T.J., Paula-Moraes, S.V., Hahn, P.G., Specht, A. 2021. Seasonal Flight Patterns of Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Florida Panhandle and Inventory of Plusiine species cross-attracted to synthetic pheromone. J. Econ. Entomol., 114:2315-2325. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab179.

Fleming, D.E., Davis, J.A., Musser, F., Paula-Moraes, S.V., Stephenson, R.C. 2021. Trapping soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in the southeastern USA and implications for pheromone-based research and management. In: 2021 ESA Annual Meeting, October 31-November 3.

Talton, H., Hodges, A.C., Paula-Moraes, S.V., Gilligan, T.M. 2021. Monitoring and surveillance of Helicoverpa spp. in agronomic fields in Florida. In: 2021 ESA Annual Meeting, October 31-November 3.

Hodgson, E.W., Koch, R.L., Davis, J.A., Reisig, D. and Paula-Moraes, S.V. 2021. Identification and Biology of Common Caterpillars in US Soybean. J. of Integr. Pest Manag., 12: 13. https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmab006.

Calresso Aita, R., D. T. Pezzini, E. C. Burkness, C. D. DiFonzo, D. L. Finke, T. E. Hunt, J. J. Knodel, C. H. Krupke, L. Marchi-Werle, B. McCornack, A. P. Michel, C. R. Phillips, N. J. Seiter, A. J. Varenhorst, R. J. Wright, W. D. Hutchison, and R. L. Koch. 2021. Presence-absence sampling plans for stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in the Midwest region of the United States. Journal of Economic Entomology 114(3): 1362-1372. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab076

Fleming, D. E., J. A. Davis, F. R. Musser, S. V. Paula-Moraes, R. C. Stephenson, C. A. Wheeler, E. Ringpis, T. S. Crum, J. K. Tran.  2021.  Trapping soybean looper (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the southeastern USA and implications for pheromone-based research and management.  Florida Entomol.  104: 186-194.

Britt, K. E., T. P. Kuhar, W. Cranshaw, C. T. McCullough, S. V. Taylor, B. R Arends, H. Burrack, M. Pulkoski, D. Owens, T. A .Tolosa, S. Zebelo, K. A. Kesheimer, O. S. Ajayi, M. Samuel-Foo, J. A. Davis, N. Arey, H. Doughty, J. Jones, M. Bolt, B. J. Fritz, J. F. Grant, J. Cosner, and M. Schreiner.  2021.  Pest management needs and limitations for corn earworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), an emergent key pest of hemp in the United States.  J. Integr. Pest Manag. 12, 34.

Huseth, A. S., R. L. Koch, D. D. Reisig, J. A. Davis, S. V. Paula-Moraes, and E. W. Hodgson.  2021. Current distribution and population persistence of five lepidopteran pests in U.S. soybean.  J. Integr. Pest Manag. 11, https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmab004.

Koch, R.L., J. Moisan-De Serres and A.V. Ribeiro. 2021. First reports of Macrosaccus morrisella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) feeding on soybean, Glycine max (Fabales: Fabaceae). Journal of Integrated Pest Management 12(1): 1-4  https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmab038

Baldin, E. L., Ongarotto, S., Hunt, T. E., Montezano, D., Robinson, E. 2021. Using a video tracking system to assess intraguild interaction between Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) and Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in soybean. 2021 Entomology Society of America Annual Conference, Entomology Society of America, Denver, CO, November 3, 2021.

McMechan, A. J., E. Hodgson, A. J. Varenhorst, T. Hunt, R. Wright, and B. Potter. 2021. First report of a new species, Resseliella maxima (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), causing injury to soybean in the United States. Journal of Integrated Pest Management. 12(1): 8, 1-4.

Raudenbush, A.L., A.J. Pekarcik, V.R. Haden, and K.J. Tilmon. 2021.  Evaluation of slug refuge traps in a soybean no-till cover crop system. Insects 12: htps://doi.org/10.3390/insects12010062 

Greene, A. D., F. P. F. Reay-Jones, K. R. Kirk, B. K. Peoples, and J. K. Greene.  2021.  Spatial associations of key lepidopteran pests with defoliation, NDVI, and plant height in soybean.  Environ. Entomol. 50(6): 1378-1392.  https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvab098

Arends, B., D. D. Reisig, S. Gundry, A. S. Huseth, F. P. F. Reay-Jones, J. K. Greene, and G. G. Kennedy.  2021.  Effectiveness of the natural resistance management refuge for Bt-cotton is dominated by local abundance of soybean and maize.  Scientific Reports 11, 17601 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97123-8

Greene, A. D., F. P. F. Reay-Jones, K. R. Kirk, B. K. Peoples, and J. K. Greene.  2021.  Associating site characteristics with distributions of pestiferous and predaceous arthropods in soybean.  Environ. Entomol.  50(2): 477-488.  https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaa173

Non-peer reviewed

Musser, F.R., A.L. Catchot, Jr, S.P. Conley, J.A. Davis, C. DiFonzo, S.H. Graham, J.K. Greene, R.L. Koch, D. Owens, D.D. Reisig, P. Roberts, T. Royer, N.J. Seiter, S.D. Stewart, S. Taylor, B. Thrash, K. Tilmon, R.T. Villanueva, and M.O. Way. 2021. 2020 Soybean Insect Losses in the United States. Midsouth Entomologist. 14.\

Greene, J. K.  2021.  Cotton/Soybean Insect Newsletter (Vol. 16, 20 Issues).  Distributed weekly to various clientele (county agents, consultants, producers, etc.).  Spring-Summer. https://www.clemson.edu//extension/agronomy/cotton1/newsletters.html

Plumblee, M. T., B. S. Farmaha, J. K. Greene, M. W. Marshall, S. Mickey, J. D. Mueller, N. B. Smith, and A. P. Turner.  2021.  South Carolina Soybean Production Guide (2021).  Clemson Cooperative Extension Service. https://clemson.app.box.com/s/a27svxqckn50ew65hc502vl3i29x8vbz

Greene, J. K.  2021.  Soybean Insect Control, pp. 265-275.  In South Carolina Pest Management Handbook. http://www.clemson.edu/extension/agronomy/pest%20management%20handbook.html

Musser, F. R., A. L. Catchot, S. P. Conley, J. A. Davis, C. DiFonzo, S. Graham, J. K. Greene, R. Koch, D. Owens, D. D. Reisig, P. Roberts, T. Royer, N. J. Seiter, S. D. Stewart, S. Taylor, B. Thrash, K. Tilmon, R. T. Villanueva, and M. O. Way.  2021.  2020 soybean insect losses in the United States.  Midsouth Entomologist. 13: 1-25.

(2) Characterize soybean insect biology and ecology The range expansion of invasive pests, coupled with the adaptation of native pests, necessitate further research into how insects cope with new selection pressures.

Peer reviewed pubs:

Salinas, F., C. E. Astete, J. H. Waldvogel, S. Navarro, J. C. White, W. Elmer, C. Tamez, J. A. Davis, and C. M. Sabliov.  2021.  Effects of engineered lignin-graft-PLGA and zein-based nanoparticles on soybean health.  NanoImpact, 23, 100329.

Lanka, S. K., B. D. Elderd, J. A. Davis, and M. J. Stout.  2021.  Jasmonic acid-induced resistance to fall armyworm in soybeans: Variation among genotypes and tradeoffs with constitutive resistance.  Basic Appl. Ecol. 56: 97-109.

Dryburgh, J., and J. A. Davis. 2021. Effect of soybean variety and systemic induction on herbivore feeding guilds. Arthropod-Plant Interactions 15: 171–181.

Lozano, R., D.P. Paula, D.A. Andow and R.L. Koch. 2022. Validation of reference genes across populations of Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae) for RT-qPCR analysis of gene expression related to pyrethroid detoxification. Journal of Entomological Science 57(2): xx-xx

Paula, D.P., R. Lozano, J. Menger, D.A. Andow and R.L. Koch. 2021. Identification of point mutations related to pyrethroid resistance in voltage-gated sodium channel genes in Aphis glycines. Entomologia Generalis 41(3): 243-255  DOI: 10.1127/entomologia/2021/1226

Bhusal, S.J., R.L. Koch and A.J. Lorenz. 2021. Variation in soybean aphid biotypes within fields. Journal of Economic Entomology 114(3): 1336-1344   https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab058

Rafael Carlesso Aita, Daniela T. Pezzini, Eric C. Burkness, Christina D. DiFonzo, Deborah L. Finke, Thomas E. Hunt, Janet J. Knodel, Christian H. Krupke, Lia Marchi-Werle, Brian McCornack, Andrew P. Michel, Christopher R. Philips, Nicholas J. Seiter, Adam J. Varenhorst, Robert J. Wright, William D. Hutchison, and Robert L. Koch. 2021. Presence–Absence Sampling Plans for Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in the Midwest Region of the United States. J. Econ. Entomol. 114(3):1362-1372.

Ademokoya, B. 2021. Stink bug (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) ecology in Nebraska agroecosystems. PhD Dissertation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln NE.

Reisig, D. D., D. Cook, J. Greene, M. Caprio, J. Gore, F. Musser, and F. Reay-Jones. 2021. Vertical and temporal distribution of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae in determinate and indeterminate soybean. Bull. Entomol. Res. 111(3): 282-288 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485320000619.

Tilmon, K. J., A. Michel and M. E. O’Neal.  2021.  Aphid resistance is the future for soybean production, and has been since 2004: Efforts towards a wider use of host plant resistance in soybean.  Current Opinion in Insect Science.  45:53-58   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2021.01.003. 

Esquivel, C. J., L. A. Canas, K. Tilmon and A. P. Michel.  2021.  Evaluating the role of insecticidal seed treatment and refuge for managing soybean aphid virulence.  Pest Management Science. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.6328 

Non-peer reviewed:

Welty, C., J. Jasinski, and K. Tilmon.  2021.  Brown marmorated stink bug.  Ohio State University Extension, https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/ent-90

Raudenbush, A. and K. J. Tilmon.  2021.  Soybean gall midge alert card.

Young, C. and K. Tilmon. “Soybean Defoliation: It Takes a lot to Really Matter!” CORN Newsletter: 22-2021. July 13-19, 2021. https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/22-2021/soybean-defoliation-it-takes-lot-really-matter

Michel, A., and K. Tilmon. “Remember soybean aphids? They might be in your fields” CORN Newsletter: 27-2021. Aug. 17-23, 2021. https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2021-27/remember-soybean-aphids-they-might-be-your-fields

Tilmon, K. “Check out the new Michigan State/Ohio State Field Crops Insect Pest Management Guide” CORN Newsletter: 28-2021. Aug. 24-30, 2021. https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2021-28/check-out-new-michigan-stateohio-state-field-crops-insect-pest

Tilmon, K., C. Young, A. Michel. “Late-Season Pod Feeding by Bean Leaf Beetle, Grasshopper, and Stink Bugs.” CORN Newsletter: 30-2021. Sept. 7-13, 2021. https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2021-30/late-season-pod-feeding-bean-leaf-beetle-grasshopper-and-stink

Lindsey, L., K. Tilmon, A. Michel. “Are You Seeing Brown Pods and Green Stems?” CORN Newsletter: 34-2021. Oct. 5-11, 2021. https://agcrops.osu.edu/newsletter/corn-newsletter/2021-34/are-you-seeing-brown-pods-and-green-stems

(3) Develop coordinated best management practices (BMPs). As soybean insect pest assemblages change, there is a need to update pest management strategies.

Peer reviewed pubs:

Aita, R.C., D.T. Pezzini, E.C. Burkness, C.D. DiFonzo, D.L. Finke, T.E. Hunt, J.J. Knodel, C.H. Krupke, L.Marchi-Werle, B. McCornack, A.P. Michel, C.R. Philips, N.J. Seiter, A.J. Varenhorst, R.J. Wright, W.D. Hutchison and R.L. Koch. 2021. Presence-absence sampling plans for stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in the Midwest Region of the U.S. Journal of Economic Entomology 114(3): 1362–1372   https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab076

Aguirre-Rojas, Lina M., Lawrent L. Buschman, Brian McCornack, William T. Schapaugh, Erin D. Scully, Kun Y. Zhu, Harold N. Trick, and Charles M. Smith. 2021. "Inheritance of Antibiosis Resistance to the Dectes Stem Borer, Dectes texanus, in Soybean PI165673" Agronomy 11, no. 4: 738. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040738

Thrash, B., A. Catchot, J. Gore, D. Cook, F. Musser, T. Irby, and J. Krutz. 2021. Effects of soybean plant population on yield loss from defoliation. J. Econ. Entomol. 114(2): 702-709. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa279

Thrash, B., A. Catchot, J. Gore, D. Cook, F. Musser, T. Irby, J. Krutz, and G. Lorenz. 2021. Effects of soybean planting date on yield loss from defoliation. J. Econ. Entomol. 114(2): 993-997. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa280

Whalen, D. A., A. L. Catchot, Jr., J. Gore, S. D. Stewart, G. M. Lorenz, D. R. Cook, F. R. Musser, J. W. Harris, and N. Krishnan. 2021. Temporal profile of neonicotinoid concentrations in cotton, corn and soybean resulting from insecticidal seed treatments. Agronomy 11(6): 1200. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11061200

Ongaratto, S. E.*, C. M. Silveira, M. C. Santos, J. E. R. Gorri, M. M. P. Sartori, T. E. Hunt, A. L. Lourenção, E. L. L. Baldin. 2021 Resistance of soybean genotypes to Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Erebidae): antixenosis and antibiosis characterization. J. Econ. Entomol. 114(6): 2571-2580, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab197

Bueno, A.F., A.R. Panizzi, T.E. Hunt, P.M. Dourado, R.M. Pitta, J. Gonçalves. 2021. Challenges for Adoption of Integrated Pest Management (IPM): The Soybean Example. Neotropical Entomology 50:5-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-020-00792-9

McMechan, A. J. 2021. Evaluation of at-plant soil treatment thimet against soybean gall midge, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1): 1-2.

Hesler, L.S. and E. Taliercio. 2021. Resistance among selected wild soybean and associated soybean accessions against two virulent colonies of Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Phytoparasitica 49:243-251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-020-00845-0.

Hesler, L.S. and E.A. Beckendorf. 2021. Soybean aphid infestation and crop yield in relation to cultivar, foliar insecticide, and insecticidal seed treatment in South Dakota. Phytoparasitica 49:971-981. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-021-00914-y.

Hesler, L.S., K.J. Tilmon, A.J. Varenhorst, S.R. Conzemius, E. Taliercio and E.A. Beckendorf. 2022. Challenges and prospects of wild soybean as a resistance source against soybean aphid. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 115:25-38. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saab033.

Non-peer reviewed:

Bateman, N.R., A.L. Catchot, D. Bao, and W.D. Crow. 2021. Residual efficacy of selected insecticides for control of soybean loopers in soybeans, 2013 (Test 2). Arthropod Manag. 46(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab001

Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticide against stink bugs in soybean 1, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab018

Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides against stink bugs in soybean 2, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab024

Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides against stink bugs in soybean 3, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab025

Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides against stink bugs in soybean 4, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab026

Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides against stink bugs in soybean 5, 2020.  Arthropod Management Tests 46(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab106

Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Impact of selected insecticide seed treatments on soybean stand establishment and yield 1, 2019. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab021

Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Impact of selected insecticide seed treatment on soybean stand and establishment and yield 2, 2019. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab109

Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Impact of early season insecticide applications on soybean stand establishment, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab017 

Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Impact of selected insecticide seed treatments on soybean stand establishment and yield, 2020. Arthropod Management Test. 46(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab086

Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Performance of selected insecticides against corn earworm infesting soybean, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab019

Cook, D. R., W. Crow, J. Gore, and M. Threet. 2021. Performance of selected insecticides against soybean looper in soybean, 2020. Arthropod Management Tests. 46(1). https://doi.org/.1093/amt/tsab020

Crow, W.D., A.L. Catchot, D. Bao. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides on kudzu bug in soybean, 2015. Arthropod Manag. 46(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab033

Crow, W.D., A.L. Catchot, D. Bao. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides for control of Lepidoptera pests in soybean, 2016. Arthropod Manag. 46(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab034

Crow, W.D., A.L. Catchot, D. Bao. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides for control of Lepidoptera pests in soybean, 2016 (Test 2). Arthropod Manag. 46(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab035

Crow, W.D., A.L. Catchot, D. Bao. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides for control of Lepidoptera pests in soybean, 2017. Arthropod Manag. 46(1).  https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab154

Crow, W.D., A.L. Catchot, D. Bao. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides for control of redbanded stink bug in soybean, 2017. Arthropod Manag. 46(1).  https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab153

Crow, W.D., A.L. Catchot, D. Bao. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticides for control of  soybean insect pests, 2016. Arthropod Manag. 46(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab132

Smith, J.H, W.D. Crow,, A.L. Catchot, D. Bao. 2021. Efficacy of selected insecticide for soybean looper control in soybean, 2020. Arthropod Manag. 46(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsab145 

(4) Educate farmers, industry, colleagues, general public, and agricultural professionals using traditional tools and innovative methods. Our Working Group works extensively with stakeholders at all levels. For our clientele, we represent one of the only unbiased sources of information for decision-making of IPM strategies.

Peer reviewed pubs:

Huseth, A.S., R.L. Koch, D. Reisig, J.A. Davis, S. Paula-Moraes and E.W. Hodgson. 2021. Current distribution and population persistence of five lepidopteran pests in U.S. soybean. Journal of Integrated Pest Management 12(1): 1-10   https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmab004

Knodel, J.J., P. Beauzay, and K. Hoppe. 2021. Blister Beetle Management in Forages and Field Crops E1002 (revised). NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND.

Calles-Torrez, V., P. Beauzay, T.J. Prochaska and J.J. Knodel. 2021. Common Natural Enemies of Insect Pests E2013. NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND.

Knodel, J.J., P. Beauzay, M.A. Boetel, T.J. Prochaska and A. Chirumamilla. 2020. 2021 North Dakota Field Crop Insect Management Guide E1143 (revised). NDSU Ext., Fargo, ND. https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/ag-hub/publications/north-dakota-field-crop-insect- management-guide

Casey, Mary Anne, Kevin B. Rice, Thomas E. Hunt. 2021. Farmers Needs Related to Soybean Insect Pests: Focus Group Interviews with Soybean Growers & Crop Consultants. (pp. 42). North Central Soybean Research Program.

McMechan, A.J., T. Hunt and R. Wright. Soybean Gall Midge in Nebraska. NebGuide G2331. University of Nebraska-Lincoln. April 2021.

Non-peer reviewed:

Sisson, A.J., D.S. Mueller, S.P. Conley, C.K Gerber, S.H. Graham, E.W. Hodgson, T.R. Leglieter, P.P. Price, K.J. Schaefer, E.J. Sikora, T.H. Wilkerson and K.L. Wise. 2021. Crop Scouting Basics for Corn and Soybean. Crop Protection Network. CPN 4007 Doi.org/10.31274/cpn-20201214-0.

Knodel, J.J., Beauzay, P.B., Friskop, A., and Markell, S. 2021. IPM crop survey starts in ND and MN. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #6 (June 3, 2021).

Knodel, J.J. 2021. Grasshopper update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #7

 (June 10, 2021).

Knodel, J.J. 2021. Soybean aphids and sider mites starting. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #8 (June 17, 2021).

Calles-Torrez, V., and Knodel, J.J. 2021. Soybean gall midge update in North Dakota. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #9 (June 24, 2021).

Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #11 (July 8, 2021).

Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #12 (July 15, 2021).

Beauzay, P.B., and Knodel, J.J. 2021. Which insecticide is best for grasshopper control? NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #12 (July 15, 2021).

Beauzay, P.B., and Knodel, J.J. 2021. Red-headed flea beetle in soybeans and corn. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #12 (July 15, 2021).

Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #13 (July 22, 2021).

Beauzay, P.B., and Knodel, J.J. 2021. Scout for spider mites in soybeans, dry beans and corn. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #13 (July 22, 2021).

Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #14 (July 29, 2021).

Knodel, J.J. 2021. IPM crop survey - insect update. NDSU Extension Crop and Pest Report #15 (August 5, 2021).