Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

NC1202 meeting notes, 11/2/2019, Houston room, Marriott Hotel, Chicago, IL

7:30 am Registration, $50/person

8:15 am a meeting called to order by Dr. Devendra Shah, Chair of the NC1202.

Member self-introduction:

A total of 25 participants: Richard Isaacson; Linda Saif; Rodney Moxley; Joy Scaria; Zuowei Wu; Roy Curtiss; Matthew Sylte; Radhey Kaushik; Getahun Agga; Ruediger Hauck; Jun Lin; Torey Looft; Xiaolun Sun; Frank Blecha; Philip Hardwidge; Kaori Moni; Yanhong Lin; Qiuhong Wang; Oran Sahin; Zhengguo Xiao; Yongming Sang; Weiping Zhang; Qijing Zhang; TG Nagaraja; Devendra Shah

Open remarks by Dr. Frank Blecha:

Timeline:

2020-Feb Midterm review

2021-Fall, submit new NC1202 proposal

2022-Spring, Decision on approval of the new proposal

9:00 am – 11:30 am Station report presentations

A total of 6 stations presented the progress reports during this session.

11:30 am – 12:00 noon Business meeting chaired by Dr. Devendra Shah

• Budget
• Student award: 2/9 oral, 1st place ($300), and 2nd place ($200)

1/3 poster, 1st place ($300)

Judges for student oral presentations: Drs. Zhengguo Xiao; Getahun Agga; TG Nagaraja; Ashutosh Verma

Judges for student poster presentations: Drs. Yanhong Liu; Weiping Zhang; Ashutosh Verma

We will use the online evaluation system. Devendra showed how to use the online evaluation system. Each judge received a folder including the summary of competition participants, evaluation form, etc.

• Elected next Chair (Dr. Qiuhong Wang) and Secretary (Dr. Oran Sahin)
• Grant renewal plan:

Assemble writing committee: Jun Lin, Devendra Shah, Qiuhong Wang, Linda Saif, and Dick Isaacson

Both Dr. Blecha and Qijing suggested 1) emphasize connections among members (projects, publications, etc.), 2) start early, 3) get ideas to improve the proposal by reading the Review Results (online at NIMSS)

Jun Lin suggested collecting all member's input by sending out a template to collect new progress, etc.

• Whether NC1202 organizes a mini-symposium?

Dr. Xiao, Zhengguo volunteered to coordinate/communicate among members to collect ideas

Will send emails to get opinions from station representatives

Dr. Qijing Zhang suggested contacting CRWAD ASAP with details of the symposium if a symposium will be organized

• Members were reminded to submit the annual station report to both Devendra and Qiuhong, and please follow the template

1:30 pm-5:00 pm Station report presentations

A total of 6 stations presented progress reports during this session.

Meeting adjourned: 5:05 pm

Objective 1. Focus on emerging diseases: We will identify, characterize and develop improved detection and prevention methods related to newly recognized, novel or emerging causes of zoonotic enteric disease and enteric pathogens of food animals.

1. Salmonella

Kansas State University

We determined how Salmonella restricts the entry of host transcription factors to the nucleus during infection.

We solved the structures and defined the mechanisms of several Salmonella virulence factors.

Washington State University

We have discovered and reported genomic organization and role of Salmonella pathogenicity island 13 in nutritional fitness of Salmonella

We identified common highly expressed genes of Salmonella Enteritidis by in silico prediction of gene expression and in vitro transcriptomic analysis

We reported that agricultural soils amended with biosolids in WA State were stable and contained enhanced soil source populations as well as bacteria likely found in biosolids. Pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella were not detected.

1. Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC)and Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)

Kansas State University

We quantified the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli in swine feces using PCR and culture methods.

University of Nebraska-Lincoln

The performance of three chromogenic agar media for the detection of USDA-FSIS adulterant-type Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in beef was compared.

Overall, modified Rainbow Agar® O157 was more sensitive than modified Possé Differential Medium, which was more sensitive than CHROMagar^TM STEC in detecting STEC in ground beef samples.

The University of Tennessee

Escherichia albertii is an emerging and the newest member of the A/E family of bacterial pathogens.  E. albertii infection can cause characteristic attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions as observed in other A/E pathogens, such as enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC). To date, the prevalence and major animal reservoirs of this pathogen are still largely unknown.  With aid of our newly developed diagnosis method and selective medium, for the first time, we isolated E. albertii from the poultry production system and from a raccoon in the US, providing new insights into the epidemiology of E. albertii.

1. Campylobacter jejuni

1. Brachyspira hampsonii and Lawsonii intracellularis

1. Coronavirus

Ohio State University

New porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) variants, with a large deletion in the N-terminal domain of the S1 subunit of spike (S) protein and designated as S1 NTD-del PEDVs, emerged in the field. They replicate in experimentally infected pigs. However, on farms they often co-infect pigs with the PEDV strains containing an intact S protein (S-intact PEDV). We characterized viral replication and pathogenesis in neonatal gnotobiotic pigs infected simultaneously with the two types of PEDV. We found that S-intact PEDV replicated to a higher peak titer when pigs were co-infected with S1 NTD-del PEDV.

Porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging enteric virus of pigs that causes severe diarrhea in neonatal pigs. We generated an infectious clone of PDCoV (icPDCoV) and experimentally infected neonatal gnotobiotic pigs with it. We confirmed that its virulence was similar to that of wild type PDCoV.

We comparatively assessed the prevalence of δ- and γ-CoVs in wild migratory terrestrial and aquatic birds in Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, Tennessee and Wisconsin in 2015-2018. We demonstrated that δ-CoV are less prevalent than γ-CoVs and that both δ- and γ-CoVs occurred more frequently in aquatic birds. For the first time, we identified HKU20-like δ-CoVs in the US.

We evaluated if vitamin A (VA) supplementation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)-infected pregnant gilts would enhance the gut-mammary gland-secretory IgA axis to boost lactogenic immunity and passive protection of nursing piglets against PEDV. Our results demonstrated that the VA-supplemented PEDV-infected gilts protected their piglets against PEDV challenge more efficiently than the non-VA supplemented gilts.

1. Calicivirus

1. Rotavirus

Ohio State University

We comparatively assessed the pathogenesis of more recent (2012) and historic (1980) porcine rotavirus C strains in 3-day- and 3-week-old gnotobiotic piglets. We demonstrated that the current and historic RVC strains possess distinct pathobiological characteristics, with a newer strain-inducing more severe clinical disease and higher virus replication combined with decreased IgA antibody responses.

1. Immunological links underlying Viral obesity

The University of Tennessee

Obesity and its related comorbidities are prevailing globally. Multiple factors are etiological to cause obesity and relevant metabolic disorders. In this regard, some pathogenic infections including those by viruses have also been associated with obesity (termed especially as infectobesity). In this project, we have examined the primary or cofactorial role of viral infections to exacerbate the local and systemic immunometabolic cues that underlie most cofactorial obesity. Major immuno-metabolic pathways involved, including that mediated by interferon (IFN) signaling and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), are focused on further studies.

1. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)

Washington State University

We have completed a cross-sectional and ecological study on assessing the impact of antimicrobial use policy changes in pre-weaned dairy calves on antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli

We reported that dairy farm soil presents distinct microbiota and varied prevalence of antibiotic resistance across housing areas.

The University of Tennessee

The mobile colistin resistance has posed a significant threat to food safety. Our mechanistic and molecular epidemiology work demonstrated that 1) Transposition of MCR-1 needs intact Tn6330 transposon, which includes its complete upstream (ISApl1, IRL) & downstream (IRR,ISApl1) regions; and 2) Extensive heterogeneity and flexibility of MCR-1 transmission exist in chicken gut from multiple aspects, including bacterial species difference, distant clonal relatedness of isolates, enormous types and variations of MCR-positive plasmids, and flexible genetic context of MCR-1.

University of Wyoming

We evaluated a machine learning classifier in conjunction with similarity searches against identification libraries for the analysis of mass spectral fingerprints obtained by MALDI-TOF MS in order to improve microbial identification of select foodborne bacteria. MALDI-TOF MS coupled with library-based identification for all strains tested correctly identified 86% of the MALDI-TOF mass spectra at the species level. The machine learning neural net evaluated resulted in a significantly higher accuracy of discrimination of 95%.

We developed a method to predict antimicrobial sensitive/resistant (S/R) phenotypes and host sources of Escherichia coli based on differential fatty acid abundance. Myristic, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic, elaidic and stearic acid were significantly different for predicting nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, aztreonam, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime S/R phenotypes. Linear regression models of fatty acid abundance made using a replicated-randomized subsampling and modeling approach predicted S/R phenotype with 79% and 81% accuracy for nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin, respectively. The isolate host source was predicted with 63% accuracy.

Objective 2. Focus on preventions and interventions: We will develop and improve preventative measures and interventions to reduce the incidence and prevalence of infections of food animals with enteric and foodborne and waterborne pathogens.

1. Salmonella

1. STEC and ETEC

Kansas State University

We characterized several small molecules that inhibit the activity of an essential E. coli virulence factor.

University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Two manuscripts were published in refereed journals (please see publication list, below).

A fimbria-toxoid multiepitope fusion antigen vaccine for post-weaning enteric colibacillosis in swine was developed and tested for immunogenicity in mice by Dr. Weiping Zhang and graduate student Ti Lu and his laboratory.  More information on the progress of this work will be provided in the Illinois station report.

1. Campylobacter jejuni

Iowa State University

For the development of an experimental challenge model for Campylobacter abortion, timed bred, pregnant ewes at 40-45 days prior to lambing were challenged with C. jejuni clone SA via oral, intraperitoneal (IP), or intravenous (IV) routes. Ewes were monitored for up to 3-weeks for the evidence of abortion (vaginal bleeding, expelled fetuses); necropsy was performed as appropriate. Samples (uterus, placenta, fetal tissues) were collected for histopathology and culture for evaluation of parameters associated with fetoplacental infection with Campylobacter.

Oral or IP inoculation failed to induce abortion in two trials despite the heavy inoculum size and was thus discontinued. However, IV inoculation induced specific abortion reliably after several trials in which different combinations of factors (inoculum dose, free endotoxin level in the inoculum, and premedication of ewes with an anti-inflammatory drug) were adjusted. In all specific abortions, Campylobacter was isolated heavily from uterus, placenta and fetal tissues, as well as uterine and placental inflammation with typical microscopic lesions of Campylobacter infection, were evident.

We performed immunization and challenge studies to evaluate vaccine-induced immunity against clone SA-associated sheep abortion. Two commercial Campylobacter vaccines and an experimental bacterin (made of a clone SA strain) were administrated subcutaneously into pregnant ewes twice. Two weeks after the second dose, the animals were challenged by intravenous inoculation with clone SA strain.

Both commercial vaccines and the experimental bacterin induced high antibody titers against C. jejuni clone SA, but immunoblotting results showed that the experimental bacterin induced more specific antibodies to clone SA. Notably the experimental bacterin produced 80% protection compared with the sham-vaccinated controls, whereas the commercial vaccines did not significantly differ from the sham controls in abortion rates.

To evaluate the efficacy of tulathromycin to prevent abortion, pregnant ewes were challenged IV with clone SA and given s.c. tulathromycin 18 hr post-challenge. When compared to the sham-treated controls, tulathromycin treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the rate of vaginal bleeding/abortion in animals.

To understand how C. jejuni interacts with the host placenta and how the interaction results in abortion remain, we profiled the host-pathogen responses in sheep placenta with C. jejuni clone SA infection by high-throughput sequencing of both host and bacterial RNA (dual RNA-seq). Gene enrichment analysis showed that the up-regulated genes in the infected placenta were primarily enriched in the pathways of immune responses, while the up-regulated genes in C. jejuni IA3902 were enriched in the pathways of metabolisms.

Ohio State University

We identified two novel narrow-spectrum Campylobacter specific small molecule growth inhibitors having MIC of less than 50 μM with restricted effects on other prokaryotes. The compounds reduced C. jejuni burden in broiler chicken’s ceca when treated for 5 days with 100 ug/chicken and had minimal impact on the cecal microbiota. 

We assessed the prevalence and abundance of Campylobacter spp. in young children's stools (n=100) from eastern Ethiopia and its association with the stool microbiome, environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) and diarrhea status of the children. High prevalence in Campylobacter (88%) and high species diversity (n=39) were detected in the children's stools collected from Ethiopia. Further, we observed that the Campylobacter prevalence, EED severity, and diarrhea status had an impact on the stool microbiome profile.

We evaluated the Campylobacter colonization in chickens vaccinated with six Recombinant Attenuated Salmonella Vaccines (RASVs). The chickens were challenged with a cocktail of 5 chicken origin C. jejuni strains. Preliminary studies showed promising results with some vaccines with the reduction in cecal Campylobacter load.

The University of Tennessee

We continued to develop and assess enterobactin (Ent) antibody-based immune intervention strategies. The anti-Ent antibodies displayed potent inhibitory effects on a panel of diverse Gram-negative pathogens, including E. coli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter. Multiple vaccination trials have been performed to assess the efficacy of the KLH-Ent conjugate vaccine and to prepare Ent-specific egg yolk antibodies.

University of Arkansas

We have found that secondary bile acid deoxycholic acid and its modulated anaerobic microbiota prevent C. jejuni chicken colonization.

We have found that deoxycholic acid-modulated anaerobes reduce chicken transmission-exacerbated intestinal inflammation in Il10-/- mice.

We have identified that mouse-specific pathogen-free (SPF) anaerobes prevent C. jejuni chicken colonization.

1. Brachyspira hampsonii and Lawsonii intracellularis

1. Coronavirus

Kansas State University

We reported the mechanism of virus entry of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) genogroup 2 US strains.

Ohio State University

We generated a live attenuated PEDV vaccine candidate by inactivating the 2’-O methyltransferase (2’-O MTase) activity of nsp16 and the endocytosis signal of the spike protein using reverse genetics technology. 

1. Calicivirus

Ohio State University

Lettuce is often implicated in human norovirus (HuNoV) foodborne outbreaks. We identified that the binding of HuNoV GII.4 and GI.1 strains to lettuce is mediated through the virus histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) binding sites.

Kansas State University

We reported the synthesis and optimization of compounds against norovirus proteases.

1. Rotavirus

Ohio State University

We established porcine small intestinal enteroids (PIEs) expressing different histo-blood groups (HBGAs; A+, H+ and A+/H+) to evaluate if virulent and attenuated rotavirus A (RVA) strains of various genotypes replicated more or less efficiently depending on the HBGA type. We demonstrated that the replication of virulent but not attenuated RVA strains in PIEs was significantly affected by the HBGA type.

We studied the effect of tryptophan (Tryp) and the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) as dietary supplements on the gut microbiota of HIFM transplanted Gn pigs fed with deficient diet (malnourished) and challenged with HRV. Both Tryp and EcN treatments reduced diarrhea severity and viral shedding and improved the body weight gain and gut microbiota composition of treated pigs compared to not treated group. Both treatments increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria (i.e. Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides) and decreased the abundance of inflammation-associated bacteria (i.e. Halomonas and Shewanella).

1. Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC)

Ohio State University

We identified three novel SM growth inhibitors (GI) with potent anti-APEC efficacy in chickens. These GI’s significantly reduced the APEC induced mortality of chickens, APEC load and APEC lesions severity in chickens. We also identified two probiotics and their derived small peptides (P-1, P-2, and P-3) with antimicrobial activity against APEC.

We identified quorum sensing inhibitor (QSI) that significantly reduced mortality, lesions and APEC load in the internal organs. QSI provided better protection against APEC at the lower dosage compared to antibiotics (sulfonamide) currently used to treat colibacillosis in chickens.

1. Microbiome-Host Interactions

Kansas State University

We defined the role of the GABA transporter (GAT)-2 in the differentiation of Th17 cells.

The University of Tennessee

Intestinal bacterial bile salt hydrolase (BSH) is a promising microbiome target for developing novel alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs).  We have completed three large scale pen trials to determine the optimal dosage of each inhibitor.  We also revealed the complex structure of BSH, providing key information for ongoing virtual screening to optimize BSH inhibitors.

We have developed an easy and cost-effective method to greatly improve the viability and stability of powdered probiotics for controlling the enteric disease.

Profile virome study in pigs infected with PRRSV and rats in the development of infectobesity.

University of Arkansas

We have identified mouse-specific pathogen-free (SPF) anaerobes to improve chicken growth performance.

1. Ostertagia ostertagi, a bovine gastrointestinal nematode.

University of Arkansas

We have identified IL-10 producing neutrophils in Ostertagia ostertagi-infected cattle.

We found that IL-10 production in neutrophils can be enhanced by parasite protein extract in vitro, and in OO acutely-challenged cattle. MHC II can also be regulated by OO, but may not be concomitant with IL-10 expression in animals.

Neutralization of IL-10 promotes the stimulatory function of neutrophils to the activated CD4+ T cell.

The stimulatory functions of neutrophils on CD4+ T cells are contact- and viability dependent.

1. Necrotic enteritis

University of Arkansas

We have found that secondary bile acid deoxycholic acid prevents E. maxima and Clostridium perfringens-induced chicken necrotic enteritis.

We found that the host inflammatory cyclooxygenase-2 signaling pathway prevents E. maxima and Clostridium perfringens-induced chicken necrotic enteritis.

Objective 3. Focus on disseminating knowledge: We will provide training or continuing education to disseminate new information to students, producers, veterinarians, diagnostic labs and others to implement interventions and preventative measures.

Iowa State University

We have trained 5 veterinary medicine students under the ISU Veterinary Medical Summer Scholars Research Program in antimicrobial resistance and food safety. These students are closely mentored by the PI and co-PIs as they carry out a project on antimicrobial resistance, applied microbiology, pharmacology, and metagenomics for about 13-week and exposed to various research areas including both in vitro and in vivo studies. At the end of the program, the students have presented their findings at the Research Day of ISU College of Veterinary Medicine as well as at a national meeting.

Kansas State University

We reviewed the mechanisms by which type III secretion system effectors counteract host innate immunity.

We developed a novel, rapid, and inexpensive cloning method.

We delivered 19 presentations to provide information to researchers and students about microbial-host interactions.

University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Knowledge was disseminated through refereed and non-refereed journal articles.

Information shared in presentations to professional veterinary, graduate, and undergraduate students and to the general public allowed them to gain knowledge important for development in careers and educational information pertaining to food safety.

Information shared in presentations to scientists in various disciplines allowed them to gain important knowledge and in some cases, continuing education credit.

The University of Tennessee

Dr. Jun Lin and his lab personnel have given presentations and updates at various national and international scientific meetings this year. We have effectively disseminated new information and procedures to scientists, producers, industries, and veterinarians.

Dr. Yongming Sang or his graduate student attended the PPPSSC, Taiwan, China, and IVIS 2019 at Seattle, WT, to present our novel discovery in molecular and functional characterization of unconventional interferons, a family of key antiviral cytokines for development of antiviral therapies.   

Objective 4. Group interaction: The group will interact in a variety of ways to facilitate progress including direct collaborations with joint publications, sharing of resources (pathogen strains, gene sequences, statistical analysis, bioinformatics information/expertise), and friendly feedback and facilitation for all research efforts at

annual meetings.

Kansas State University

We participated in the annual NC-1202 meeting in Chicago, IL, in December 2018.

University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Two extramural awards to NC-1202 members working together as teams and serving as PDs, Co-PDs, or collaborators on these projects are in progress:

a) Moxley RA, Thippareddi H, Phebus RK, Gallagher DL, Luchansky JB, Renter DG, Kastner CL, Sanderson MW, Thomson DU. Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) in the Beef Chain: Assessing and Mitigating the Risk by Translational Science, Education, and Outreach. $24,808,592. USDA-NIFA-AFRI, Food Safety Challenge Area, NIFA Award No. 2012-68003-30155. 1/1/2012-12/31/2019. This USDA Coordinated Agricultural Project involves 53 collaborators (scientists and educators) at 18 institutions.  NC-1202 participants that are collaborators also include Drs. T.G. Nagaraja and N. Cernicchiaro at Kansas State University.

b) Zhang W, Moxley RA, Cernicchiaro N. A Broadly Protective Vaccine against Post-Weaning Diarrhea (PWD). $460,000. USDA-NIFA-AFRI, Animal Health, and Disease, Area A1221. Award No. 2017-67015-26632. 5/15/2017-5/14/2022.  Zhang and Cernicchiaro at Kansas State University and Dr. Moxley at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln are all NC-1202 participants.

The University of Tennessee

Dr. Jun Lin has active collaboration with Oklahoma State University (Dr. Glenn Zhang) for the ongoing NIFA Food Safety Challenge Grant (NIFA 2018-68003-27462) Novel non-antibiotic approaches for mitigation of antimicrobial resistance in poultry. In addition, Dr. Orhan Sahin (Iowa State) and Dr. Rodney A. Moxley (University of Nebraska) kindly provided >500 E. coli strains to support Lin’s research.   Dr. Sang has active collaboration with (1) Kansas State University (Drs. Wenjun Ma and Frank Blecha) for the ongoing NIFA Animal Health and Disease Grant (NIFA 2018-67016-28313). Antiviral potency and functional novelty of porcine interferon-omega subtype; (2) Dr. Jacques Robert (Univ. Rochester) for the ongoing NSF project (NSF IOS 1831988). Functional study of the rapidly evolving interferon complex in amphibians; (3) Dr. Laura Miller (USDA ARS, Ames) and Dr. Bernd Lepenies (Univ. Hanover, Germany) for the new grant. Validation of a live-virus vaccine candidate for efficient attenuation and better protection.

Refereed Journal Articles

Washington State University

1. Afema JA, Davis MA, Sischo WM. 2019. Antimicrobial use policy changes in pre-weaned dairy calves and its impact on antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli: a cross sectional and ecological study. BMC Microbiol. 12;19(1):217. doi: 10.1186/s12866-019-1576-6.
2. Liu J, Zhao Z, Avillan JJ, Call DR, Davis M, Sischo WM, Zhang A. 2019. Dairy farm soil presents distinct microbiota and varied prevalence of antibiotic resistance across housing areas. Environ Pollut. 254(Pt B):113058. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113058.
3. Elder JR, Paul NC, Burin R, Guard J, Shah DH. Genomic organization and role of SPl-13 in nutritional fitness of Salmonella. Int J Med Microbiol. 308(8):1043-1052. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2018.10.004
4. Schlatter DC, Paul NC, Shah DH, Schillinger WF, Bary Al, Sharratt B, Paulitz TC. Biosolids and Tillage Practices Influence Soil Bacterial Communities in Dryland Wheat. Microb Ecol. 78(3):737-752. doi: 10.1007/s00248-019-01339-1.
5. Chick KLR, Shah DH. Identification of common highly expressed genes of Salmonella Enteritidis by in silico prediction of gene expression and in vitro transcriptomic analysis. Poult Sci. 98(7):2948-2963. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez119.

Iowa State University

1. Dai L, Wu Z, Xu C, Sahin O, Yaeger M, Plummer PJ, Zhang Q. The Rho-Independent Transcription Terminator for the porA Gene Enhances Expression of the Major Outer Membrane Protein and Campylobacter jejuni Virulence in Abortion Induction. Infect Immun. 2019 Nov 18;87(12). pii: e00687-19. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00687-19. Print 2019 Dec. PubMed PMID: 31570559.
2. Dai L, Xia J, Sahin O, Zhang Q. Identification of a nth-Like Gene Encoding an Endonuclease III in Campylobacter jejuni. Front Microbiol. 2019 Apr 10;10:698. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00698. eCollection 2019. PubMed PMID: 31024487; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6467930.
3. Xia J, Pang J, Tang Y, Wu Z, Dai L, Singh K, Xu C, Ruddell B, Kreuder A, Xia L, Ma X, Brooks KS, Ocal MM, Sahin O, Plummer PJ, Griffith RW, Zhang Q. High Prevalence of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Campylobacter Bacteria in Sheep and Increased Campylobacter Counts in the Bile and Gallbladders of Sheep Medicated with Tetracycline in Feed. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2019 May 16;85(11). pii: e00008-19. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00008-19. Print 2019 Jun 1. PubMed PMID: 30926726; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6532027.
4. Lashley VD, Yaeger MJ, Ji J, Sahin O, Wu Z. Investigating the Suitability of a Laboratory Mouse Model to Study the Pathogenesis of Abortifacient Campylobacter jejuni. Vet Pathol. 2019 Jul;56(4):555-564. doi: 10.1177/0300985819833452. Epub 2019 Mar 21. PubMed PMID: 30895909.

 Kansas State University

1. Park JB, Kim YH, Yoo Y, Kim J, Jun SH, Cho JW, El Qaidi S, Walpole S, Monaco S, García-García AA, Wu M, Hays MP, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Angulo J, Hardwidge PR, Shin JS, Cho HS. Structural basis for arginine glycosylation of host substrates by bacterial effector proteins, Nature Communications, 2018, Oct 16;9(1):4283. PMID: 30327479.
2. El Qaidi S, Wu M, Zhu C, Hardwidge PR. Salmonella, E. coli, and Citrobacter type III secretion system effector proteins that alter host innate immunity, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2018 Nov 10. PMID:30411307
3. Wu M, El Qaidi S, Hardwidge PR. SseL deubiquitinates RPS3 to inhibit its nuclear translocation, Pathogens, 2018 Nov 7;7(4). PMID:30405005
4. Wu M, Hardwidge PR. Hsp90 interacts with the bacterial effector NleH1, Pathogens, 2018 Nov 13:7(4). PMID:30428538
5. El Qaidi S, Zhu C, McDonald P, Roy A, Maity PK, Rane D, Perera C, Hardwidge PR. High-Throughput Screening for Bacterial Glycosyltransferase Inhibitors, Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2018 Dec 18. PMID:30619781
6. Ren W, Liao Y, Ding X, Jiang Y, Yan J, Xia Y, Tan B, Lin Z, Duan J, Jia X, Yang G, Deng J, Zhu C, Hardwidge PR, Li J, Zhu G, Yin Y. Slc6a13 deficiency promotes Th17 responses during intestinal bacterial infection. Mucosal Immunology, 2019 Mar;12(2):531-544. PMID:30523310
7. El Qaidi S, Hardwidge PR. ABC cloning: an efficient, simple and rapid restriction/ligase free method for DNA cloning, MethodsX, 2019, Feb 12;6:316-321. PMID:30834197
8. Oh C, Kim Y, Chang KO. Proteases facilitate the endosomal escape of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus during entry into host cells. Virus Res. 2019 Oct 15;272:197730 PubMed PMID: 31445102
9. Perera KD, Rathnayake AD, Liu H, Pedersen NC, Groutas WC, Chang KO, Kim Y. Characterization of amino acid substitutions in feline coronavirus 3C-like protease from a cat with feline infectious peritonitis treated with a protease inhibitor. Vet Microbiol. 2019 Oct; 237:108398. PubMed PMID: 31585653
10. Galasiti Kankanamalage AC, Weerawarna PM, Rathnayake AD, Kim Y, Mehzabeen N, Battaile KP, Lovell S, Chang KO, Groutas WC. Putative structural rearrangements associated with the interaction of macrocyclic inhibitors with norovirus 3CL protease. Proteins. 2019 Jul;87(7):579-587. PubMed PMID: 30883881
11. Chang KO, Kim Y, Lovell S, Rathnayake AD, Groutas WC. Antiviral Drug Discovery: Norovirus Proteases and Development of Inhibitors. Viruses. 2019 Feb 25;11(2). PubMed PMCID: PMC6410195
12. Perera KD, Galasiti Kankanamalage AC, Rathnayake AD, Honeyfield A, Groutas W, Chang KO, Kim Y. Protease inhibitors broadly effective against feline, ferret and mink coronaviruses. Antiviral Res. 2018 Dec;160:79-86. PubMed PMID: 30342822.
13. Dang W, Xu L, Ma B, Chen S, Yin Y, Chang KO, Peppelenbosch MP, Pan Q. Nitazoxanide Inhibits Human Norovirus Replication and Synergizes with Ribavirin by Activation of Cellular Antiviral Response. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018 Oct 24;62(11). PubMed PMID: 30104275
14. Ekong PS, Sanderson MW, Shridhar PB, Cernicchiaro N, Renter DG, Bello NM, Bai J, Nagaraja TG. Bayesian estimation of sensitivity and specificity of culture- and PCR-based methods for the detection of six major non-O157 Escherichia coli serogroups in cattle feces. Prev Vet Med. 2018 161:90-99. PMID: 30466664
15. Shridhar PB, Patel IR, Gangiredla J, Noll LW, Shi X, Bai J, Nagaraja TG. 2019. DNA Microarray-based genomic characterization of the pathotypes of Escherichia coli O26, O45, O103, O111, and O145 isolated from feces of feedlot cattle. J Food Prot. 82:395-404. PMID: 30794460
16. Cernicchiaro N, Oliveira ARS, Hoehn A, Cull CA, Noll LW, Shridhar PB, Nagaraja TG, Ives SE, Renter DG, Sanderson MW. 2019.Quantification of bacteria indicative of fecal and environmental contamination from hides to carcasses. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2019 PMID: 31381377

 University of Nebraska-Lincoln

1. Lu T, Seo H, Moxley RA, Zhang W. Mapping the neutralizing epitopes of F18 fimbrial adhesin subunit FedF of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). Vet Microbiol. 2019 Mar;230:171-177. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.02.015. Epub 2019 Feb 6. PubMed PMID: 30827385.
2. Lu T, Moxley RA, Zhang W. Erratum for Lu et al., "Mapping the Neutralizing Epitopes of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 (F4) Fimbrial Adhesin and Major Subunit FaeG". Appl Environ Microbiol. 2019 Oct 1;85(20). pii: e01946-19. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01946-19. Print 2019 Oct 15. PubMed PMID: 31575558; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6805093.

 Ohio State University

1. Paim FC, Bowman AS, Miller L, Feehan BJ, Marthaler D, Saif LJ, Vlasova AN. Epidemiology of Deltacoronaviruses (δ-CoV) and Gammacoronaviruses (γ-CoV) in Wild Birds in the United States. Viruses. 2019 Sep 26;11(10). pii: E897. doi: 10.3390/v11100897. PubMed PMID: 31561462.
2. Deblais L, Helmy YA, Kumar A, Antwi J, Kathayat D, Acuna UM, Huang H, Blanco EC de, Fuchs JR, Rajashekara G. Novel narrow spectrum benzyl thiophene sulfonamide derivatives to control Campylobacter. The Journal of Antibiotics. 2019 March 27;72:555-565.
3. Chepngeno J, Diaz A, Paim FC, Saif LJ, Vlasova AN. Rotavirus C: prevalence in  suckling piglets and development of virus-like particles to assess the influence of maternal immunity on the disease development. Vet Res. 2019 Oct 22;50(1):84. doi: 10.1186/s13567-019-0705-4. PubMed PMID: 31640807.
4. Chhabra P, de Graaf M, Parra GI, Chan MC, Green K, Martella V, Wang Q, White PA, Katayama K, Vennema H, Koopmans MPG, Vinjé J. Updated classification of norovirus genogroups and genotypes. J Gen Virol. 2019 Oct;100(10):1393-1406. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001318. PubMed PMID: 31483239.
5. Esseili MA, Gao X, Boley P, Hou Y, Saif LJ, Brewer-Jensen P, Lindesmith LC, Baric RS, Atmar RL, Wang Q. Human Norovirus Histo-Blood Group Antigen (HBGA) Binding Sites Mediate the Virus Specific Interactions with Lettuce Carbohydrates. Viruses. 2019 Sep 8;11(9). pii: E833. doi: 10.3390/v11090833. PubMed PMID:31500340.
6. Hou Y, Ke H, Kim J, Yoo D, Su Y, Boley P, Chepngeno J, Vlasova AN, Saif LJ, Wang Q. Engineering a Live Attenuated Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Vaccine Candidate via Inactivation of the Viral 2'-O-Methyltransferase and the Endocytosis Signal of the Spike Protein. J Virol. 2019 Jul 17;93(15). pii:e00406-19. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00406-19. Print 2019 Aug 1. PubMed PMID: 31118255;PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6639265.
7. Hou Y, Meulia T, Gao X, Saif LJ, Wang Q. Deletion of both the Tyrosine-Based Endocytosis Signal and the Endoplasmic Reticulum Retrieval Signal in the Cytoplasmic Tail of Spike Protein Attenuates Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in Pigs. J Virol. 2019 Jan 4;93(2). pii: e01758-18. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01758-18. Print 2019 Jan 15. PubMed PMID: 30404797; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6321913.
8. Lin CM, Ghimire S, Hou Y, Boley P, Langel SN, Vlasova AN, Saif LJ, Wang Q. Pathogenicity and immunogenicity of attenuated porcine epidemic diarrhea virus PC22A strain in conventional weaned pigs. BMC Vet Res. 2019 Jan 11;15(1):26. doi:10.1186/s12917-018-1756-x. PubMed PMID: 30634958; PubMed Central PMCID:PMC6329175.
9. Su Y, Hou Y, Wang Q. The enhanced replication of an S-intact PEDV during coinfection with an S1 NTD-del PEDV in piglets. Vet Microbiol. 2019. Jan;228:202-212. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.11.025. Epub 2018 Nov 27. PubMed PMID: 30593369.
10. Pandey K, Zhong S, Diel DG, Hou Y, Wang Q, Nelson E, Wang X. GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 1 (G3BP1) plays an antiviral role against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Vet Microbiol. 2019 Sep;236:108392. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.108392. Epub 2019 Aug 19. PubMed PMID: 31500725.

11. Vlasova AN, Takanashi S, Miyazaki A,Rajashekara G, Saif LJ. How the gut microbiome regulates host immune responses to viral vaccines. Curr Opin Virol. 2019 Aug;37:16-25. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2019.05.001. Epub 2019 Jun 1. Review. PMID:31163292

1. Langel SN, Paim FC, Alhamo MA, Buckley A, Van Geelen A, Lager KM, Vlasova AN,Saif LJ. Stage of Gestation at Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection of Pregnant Swine Impacts Maternal Immunity and Lactogenic Immune Protection of Neonatal Suckling Piglets. Front Immunol. 2019 Apr 24;10:727. PubMed PMID: 31068924.
2. Hou Y, Wang Q. Emerging Highly Virulent Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: Molecular Mechanisms of Attenuation and Rational Design of Live Attenuated Vaccines. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Nov 4;20(21). Review. PubMed PMID: 31689903.

 The University of Tennessee

1. Wang, A., J. Lin, Q. Zhong. 2019. Synergistic effects of whey protein isolate and amorphous sucrose on improving the viability and stability of powdered Lactobacillus salivarius NRRL B-30514. LWT - Food Science and Technology (In Press).
2. Wang, A., J. Lin, Q. Zhong. 2019. Probiotic powders prepared by mixing suspension of Lactobacillus salivarius NRRL B-30514 and spray-dried lactose: microbiological and physical properties. Food Research International (In Press).
3. Li, X.P., R.Y. Sun, J.Q. Song, L.X. Fang, R.M. Zhang, X.L. Lian, X.P. Liao, Y.H. Liu, J. Lin, J. Sun. 2019. Extensive within-host diversity of the colistin resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the chicken gut microbiome. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents (In Press).
4. Xu F, Hu XJ, Singh W, Geng W, Tikhonova IG, Lin J. The complex structure of bile salt hydrolase from Lactobacillus salivarius reveals the structural basis of substrate specificity. Sci Rep. 2019 Aug 27;9(1):12438. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48850-6. PubMed PMID: 31455813; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6711994.
5. Liu X, Adams LJ, Zeng X, Lin J. Evaluation of in ovo vaccination of DNA vaccines for Campylobacter control in broiler chickens. Vaccine. 2019 Jun 27;37(29):3785-3792. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.05.082. Epub 2019 Jun 3. PubMed PMID: 31171394.
6. Murphy CK, Kalve VI, Klebba PE. Surface topology of the Escherichia coli K-12 ferric enterobactin receptor. J Bacteriol. 1990 May;172(5):2736-46. PubMed PMID:  2139651; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC208919.
7. Adams LJ, Zeng X, Lin J. Development and Evaluation of Two Live Salmonella-Vectored Vaccines for Campylobacter Control in Broiler Chickens. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2019 Jun;16(6):399-410. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2018.2561. Epub 2019 Mar 13. PubMed PMID: 30864853.
8. He YZ, Li XP, Miao YY, Lin J, Sun RY, Wang XP, Guo YY, Liao XP, Liu YH, Feng Y, Sun J. The ISApl1 (2) Dimer Circular Intermediate Participates in mcr-1 Transposition. Front Microbiol. 2019 Jan 22;10:15. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00015. eCollection 2019. PubMed PMID: 30723461; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6349718.
9. Gong J, Zeng X, Zhang P, Zhang D, Wang C, Lin J. Characterization of the emerging multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Indiana strains in China. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2019;8(1):29-39. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2018.1558961. PubMed PMID: 30866757; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6455114.
10. Sang Y. Immunometabolic Links Underlying the Infectobesity with Persistent Viral Infections. Immunol. Sci. Aug, 2019; 3(4): 8-13.
11. Sang Y. Shields LE, Sang RE, Si H, Pigg A, and Blecha F. Transcriptomic Analysis in Obese Rats Induced by High-Fat Diets plus an Adenoviral Infection. Int J Obes (Lond). 2019 Jan 22. doi: 10.1038/s41366-019-0323-2. [Epub ahead of print]
12. Jennings J, Sang Y. Porcine Interferon Complex and Co-Evolution with Increasing Viral Pressure after Domestication. Viruses. 2019 Jun 15;11(6). pii: E555. doi: 10.3390/v11060555. Review. PubMed PMID: 31208045; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6631851.
13. Shields LE, Jennings J, Liu Q, Lee J, Ma W, Blecha F, Miller LC, Sang Y. Cross-Species Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals Molecular and Functional Diversity of the Unconventional Interferon-ω Subtype. Front Immunol. 2019 Jun 25;10:1431. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01431. eCollection 2019. PubMed PMID: 31293589; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6603160.

 University of Arkansas

1. Wang H, Latorre JD, Bansal M, Abraha M, Al-Rubaye B, Tellez-Isaias G, Hargis B, Sun X. Microbial metabolite deoxycholic acid controls Clostridium perfringens-induced chicken necrotic enteritis through attenuating inflammatory cyclooxygenase signaling. Sci Rep. 2019 Oct 10;9(1):14541. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51104-0. PubMed PMID: 31601882; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6787040.
2. Alrubaye B, Abraha M, Almansour A, Bansal M, Wang H, Kwon YM, Huang Y, Hargis B, Sun X. Microbial metabolite deoxycholic acid shapes microbiota against Campylobacter jejuni chicken colonization. PLoS One. 2019 Jul 5;14(7):e0214705. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214705. eCollection 2019. PubMed PMID: 31276498; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6611565.
3. Tomkovich S, Dejea CM, Winglee K, Drewes JL, Chung L, Housseau F, Pope JL, Gauthier J, Sun X, Mühlbauer M, Liu X, Fathi P, Anders RA, Besharati S, Perez-Chanona E, Yang Y, Ding H, Wu X, Wu S, White JR, Gharaibeh RZ, Fodor AA, Wang H, Pardoll DM, Jobin C, Sears CL. Human colon mucosal biofilms from healthy or colon cancer hosts are carcinogenic. J Clin Invest. 2019 Mar 11;130:1699-1712. doi: 10.1172/JCI124196. eCollection 2019 Mar 11. PubMed PMID: 30855275; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6436866.
4. Pope JL, Yang Y, Newsome RC, Sun W, Sun X, Ukhanova M, Neu J, Issa JP, Mai V, Jobin C. Microbial Colonization Coordinates the Pathogenesis of a Klebsiella pneumoniae Infant Isolate. Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 4;9(1):3380. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-39887-8. PubMed PMID: 30833613; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6399262.
5. Sun X and Wang H. A new, economical, and easy protocol to culture 3D mouse hepatoid and cholangoid. International Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2019 1 (1), 07-11.

 Book Chapters

Ohio State University

1. Saif, L.J., Wang Q., Vlasova, A.N., Jung K., Shao, X. Coronaviruses. In: Zimmerman, J. J., Zhang, J. (11th Ed.), Diseases of Swine. Wiley-Blackwell, Ames, IA. (written in 2016, published in 2019)

Non-Refereed Articles

University of Nebraska-Lincoln

1. Moxley, R. A. 2019. Progress in STEC control: the USDA-NIFA STEC Coordinated Agricultural Project. Food Safety Magazine, Vol. 25(2) (April/May), pp. 28-32.

Research Presentations with Published Abstracts

Iowa State University

1. Orhan Sahin, Victoria Lashley, Michael Yaeger, Zuowei Wu, Melda Ocal, Paul Plummer, Qijing Zhang. 2019. Development of an experimental challenge model for Campylobacter jejuni induced abortion in sheep. Oral presentation at CHRO Conference Meeting, September 8-11, 2019, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
2. Zuowei Wu, Orhan Sahin, Changyun Xu, Ashenafi Beyi, Michael Yaeger, Paul Plummer, Melda Meral Ocal, Qijing Zhang. Efficacy of commercial Campylobacter vaccines and experimental bacterin in protecting sheep from Campylobacter jejuni induced abortion. Poster Presentation at ASM Microbe conference meeting, June 20-24, 2019, San Francisco, CA.
3. Zuowei Wu, Orhan Sahin, Changyun Xu, Ashenafi Beyi, Michael Yaeger, Paul Plummer, Melda Meral Ocal, Qijing Zhang. Efficacy of commercial Campylobacter vaccines and experimental bacterin in protecting sheep from Campylobacter jejuni induced abortion. Poster Presentation at ASM Microbe conference meeting, June 20-24, 2019, San Francisco, CA.
4. Samantha Wilson, Debora Goulart, Ashenafi Beyi, Mehmet Adiguzel, Renee Dewell, Grant Dewell, Orhan Sahin, Paul Plummer, and Qijing Zhang. Effect of danofloxacin treatment on development of fluoroquinolone resistant Campylobacter jejuni in cattle. Poster presentation at CVM Summer Scholars Research Day, Iowa State University, August 9, 2019, Ames, IA.
5. Tyler J. Hawbecker, Ashenafi F. Beyi, Clare Slagel, Brandon Ruddell, Alan J. Hassall, Renee Dewell , Grant Dewell, Orhan Sahin, Qijing Zhang, and Paul J. Plummer. Impact of fluoroquinolone treatment on the gastrointestinal microbiome and antibiotic resistance in calves. Poster presentation at CVM Summer Scholars Research Day, Iowa State University, August 9, 2019, Ames, IA.

Kansas State University

1. Hardwidge, PR. Great Plains Infectious Disease Meeting, Lawrence, KS, November 2018.
2. Remfry, SE., et al. Kansas City One Health Day, Olathe, KS, November 2018.
3. Atobatele, M., et al. Kansas City One Health Day, Olathe, KS, November 2018.
4. Remfry, SE., et al. Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases, Chicago, IL, December 2018.
5. Atobatele, M., et al. Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases, Chicago, IL, December 2018.
6. Remfry, SE., et al. Phi-Zeta Research Day, Manhattan, KS, March 2019.
7. Hancock, S., et al. Phi-Zeta Research Day, Manhattan, KS, March 2019.
8. Atobatele, M., et al. Phi-Zeta Research Day, Manhattan, KS, March 2019.
9. Hardwidge, PR. European Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ljubljana, Slovenia, May 2019.
10. Hardwidge, PR. 13th Vaccine Congress, Bangkok, Thailand, September 2019.

 University of Nebraska-Lincoln

1. Moxley RA. Culture-based detection of non-O157 enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli: can further improvements be made? Proceedings of the 100th Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases, Chicago, IL, November 2-5, 2019, invited oral presentation, abstract 72.
2. Lu T, Moxley RA, Zhang W. GM1-binding fimbriae-toxoid MEFA of ETEC for a broadly protective vaccine against porcine post-weaning diarrhea (PWD). Proceedings of the 100th Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases, Chicago, IL, November 2-5, 2019, oral presentation, abstract 192.
3. Li, XP, Hinenoya A, Zeng X, Sahin O, Moxley RA, Logue C, Yamasaki S, Lin J. Escherichia albertii is an emerging zoonotic human pathogen in the United States. Proceedings of the 100th Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases, Chicago, IL, November 2-5, 2019, oral presentation, abstract 224.

 Ohio State University

1. Langel, S.N., Vlasova, A.N., Chimelo Paim, F., Alhamo, M.A., Lager, K., Saif, L.J. 2019. Vitamin A supplementation of PEDV infected gilts enhances IgA and lactogenic immune protection of nursing piglets. CRWAD, 2019, November 2-5, Chicago, IL.
2. Guo, Y., Candelero-Rueda, R.A., Saif, L.J., Vlasova, A.N. 2019. Histo-blood group antigens determine rotavirus replication efficiency in porcine small intestinal enteroids.
3. Tomoichiro Oka, Hiroyuki Saito, Takayuki Kobayashi, Tomoko Takahashi, Takashi Shimoike, Michiyo Kataoka, Qiuhong Wang, Linda J. Saif, Mamoru Noda, Hirotaka Takagi. Cell culture trials for human sapoviruses. The 7th International Calicivirus Conference” in Sydney, Australia from October 13 – October 16, 2019.
4. Malak A. Esseili1, Xiang Gao, Patricia Boley, Yixuan Hou, Linda J. Saif, Paul Brewer-Jensen, Lisa Lindesmith, Ralph S. Baric, Robert L. Atmar, Mary K. Estes and Qiuhong Wang. Human norovirus HBGA binding pocket mediates the virus specific interactions with lettuce carbohydratesThe 7th International Calicivirus Conference” in Sydney, Australia from October 13 – October 16, 2019.
5. Qiuhong Wang, Linda J Saif, Yixuan Hou, Chun-Ming Lin, Thavamathi Annamalai. Molecular attenuation mechanisms of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in pigs. The 100th Conference for Research Workers in Animal Disease (CRWAD). Chicago, IL. Nov. 2-4, 2019.
6. Qiuhong Wang. Rational design of attenuated vaccines for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. The 100th Conference for Research Workers in Animal Disease (CRWAD). Chicago, IL. Nov. 2-4, 2019.
7. Mekonnen, Y.T., Deblais, , Ghanem, M., Mohamed, Y., Chen, D., Singh, N., Ahyong, V., Kalantar, K., Yimer, G., Hassen, J.Y., Mohammed, A., McKune, S., Manary, M., Ordiz, I., Gebreyes, W., Havelaar, A., Rajashekara, G. Campylobacter species diversity in children and livestock in eastern Ethiopia. CRWAD 2019, November 2-5^th, Chicago, IL.

 The University of Tennessee

1. Lin, J. 2019. Sustainability and safety of animal agriculture: emerging threats and innovative solutions. The First Symposium on Plant/Animal Health and Quality/Safety of Agro-Products. Ningbo, China, November 16-18, 2019.
2. Li, X.P., A. Hinenoya, X. Zeng, O. Sahin, R. A. Moxley, C. M. Logue, S. Yamasaki, J. Lin. 2019. Escherichia albertii is an emerging zoonotic human pathogen in the United States. Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Disease. November 2-5, Chicago
3. Wang, H., and J. Lin. 2019. Enterobactin-specific antibodies: a novel tug-of-war weapon against Gram-negative pathogens. Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Disease. November 2-5, Chicago
4. Lin, J., X. Zeng, C.M.Logue, N. L. Barbieri, L.K. Nolan. 2019. Enterobactin-based immune intervention to control colibacillosis in poultry. Annual Conference of Research Workers in Animal Disease. November 2-5, Chicago
5. Zeng, X., H. Wang, C. Huang, and J. Lin. 2019. Innovative enterobactin-specific egg yolk antibodies for prevention and control of Campylobacter infections. 20th International Workshop on Campylobacter, Helicobacter and Related Organisms. Sep 8-11, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
6. Wang, H., J. Lin. 2019. A novel enterobactin conjugate vaccine induces high level of lipocalin-like antibodies for control of Gram-negative pathogens. American Society for Microbiology KY/TN Annual Conference. April 26-27, Nashville, TN.
7. Wang, A., J. Lin, and Q. Zhong. 2019. Synergetic effects of whey protein isolate and amorphous sucrose on improving the viability and stability of powdered Lactobacillus salivarius NRRL B-30514. Institute of Food and Technology Meeting, New Orleans, LA, June 2-5, 2019.
8. Wang, A., J. Lin, and Q. Zhong. 2019. Spray-coating as a novel strategy to supplement broiler feed pellets with probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius NRRL B-30514. . Institute of Food and Technology Meeting, New Orleans, LA, June 2-5, 2019.

 University of Arkansas

1. Increased ileal deoxycholic acid levels were associated with reduced necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. M. Bansal, R. Liyanage, M. Abraha, A. Almansour, H. Wang, A. Gupta, B. Hargis, and X. Sun. Poult. Sci. 98(E-Suppl. 1). 94
2. Microbiota metabolite deoxycholic acid-modulated anaerobes attenuate chicken transmission-exacerbated campylobacteriosis in Il10−/− mice. X. Sun, H. Wang, B. Alrubaye, M. Abraha, A. Almansour, and M. Bansal. Poult. Sci. 98(E-Suppl. 1). 203
3. Dietary deoxycholic acid reduces necrotic enteritis and modifies bile acid composition. M. Bansal, A. Almansour, H. Wang, A. Gupta, B.M. Hargis, X. Sun, M. Abraha, R. Liyanage. CRWAD Proceedings. 2019. p72.
4. DCA-modulated anaerobes attenuate chicken transmission-exacerbated campylobacteriosis in Il10-/- mice. Y. Fu, H. Wang, X. Sun, M. Abraha, A.M. Almansour, B. Alrubaye, M. Bansal. CRWAD Proceedings. 2019. P91.
5. Immunomodulatory effect of butyrate on chicken macrophage cell line in presence of Salmonella Enteritidis. M. Bansal, A. Gupta, X. Sun, A. Upadhyay, N.C. Rath, A. Donoghue. CRWAD Proceedings. 2019. P110.
6. Modulating microbiota and metabolome to reduce Campylobacter jejuni colonization in chickens. M. Abraha, B. Alrubaye, M. Bansal, H. Wang, B.M. Hargis, X. Sun, A.M. Almansour. CRWAD Proceedings. 2019. P129.
7. An anaerobic microbiota increases broiler chicken growth performance. M. Abraha, H. Wang, A. Gupta, B. Hargis, X. Sun, M. Bansal, A.M. Almansour. CRWAD Proceedings. 2019. P147.
8. Campylobacter jejuni growth in the presence of various bile acids. T. Alenezi, H. Wang, Y. Fu, X. Sun, M. Abraha, A.M. Almansour, M. Bansal. CRWAD Proceedings. 2019. P177.
9. Dietary deoxycholate modifies chicken intestinal bile acid and reduces Campylobacter jejuni colonization. R. Liyanage, B. Alrubaye, A. Almansour, H. Wang, Y. Fu, A. Gupta, X. Sun, M. Abraha, T. Alenezi, M. Bansal. CRWAD Proceedings. 2019. P224.
10. Microbial metabolite deoxycholic acid prevents chicken necrotic enteritis as antibiotic alternative. H. Wang, D. Graham, B. Hargis, X. Sun, M. Abraha, A.M. Almansour, M. Bansal. CRWAD Proceedings. 2019. P266.

 University of Wyoming

1. Broten CJ, Wydallis JB, Reilly T III, Bisha B. Colorimetric Detection of Clostridum perfringens in a Model Meat System Using Paper-Based Microfluidics. International Association for Food Protection Annual Meeting. July 21 - July 24, 2019, Louisville, KY.
2. Colavecchio A, Chandler J, Bisha B, Coleman S, Emond-Rheault J, Hamel J, Kukavica-Ibrulj I, Levesque R, Fanning S, Goodridge LD. Phage-like Plasmids Transfer Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance Genes by Transduction, Transformation and Conjugation. International Association for Food Protection Annual Meeting. July 21 - July 24, 2019, Louisville, KY.
3. Chandler J, Hamel J, Emond-Rheault J-G, Boyele B, Aljasir S, Shriner S, Root J, Mooers N, Bentler K, Ellis J, Russell M, Robeson M, Goodridge L, Franklin A, Lévesque R, Bisha B. Oceanobacillus spp., Sources of Antimicrobial Resistance at the Wildlife-Livestock Interface. American Society for Microbiology Microbe. June 20 - June 24, 2019, San Francisco, CA.
4. Bisha B, Blouin N, Bono J, Franklin A, Goodridge L, Root J, Shriner S, Chandler J. Oceanobacillus spp., Wildlife Sources of Antimicrobial Resistance in Agricultural Production. American Society for Microbiology Microbe. June 20 - June 24, 2019, San Francisco, CA.
5. Lindsey B, Rowley C, Young B, DeWolf E, Bisha B. Machine Leaning Approaches for Improved MALDI-ToF MS Identification of Foodborne Bacteria. American Society for Microbiology Microbe. June 20 - June 24, 2019, San Francisco, CA.

Research Presentations without Published Abstracts

Ohio State University

1. Qiuhong Wang. Norovirus in fresh produce. OHIO PRODUCE GROWERS & MARKETERS ASSOCIATION. January 16-17, 2019 - Embassy Suites (5100 Upper Metre Place Dublin, OH 43017).
2. Qiuhong Wang. Study the molecular attenuation mechanisms of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus for rational design of effective vaccines. South Dakoda State University. Feb. 22, 2019.
3. Qiuhong Wang. Study the molecular attenuation mechanisms of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus for rational design of effective vaccines (in Chinese). Guangxi Veterinary Institute and Guangxi University. March 28, 2019.

 Kansas State University

1. Hardwidge, PR. Ag Biosecurity and Biodefense Consortium, Nebraska City, NE, October 2018.
2. Hardwidge, PR. NC-1202 Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL, December 2018.
3. Hardwidge, PR. Biodiversity Conservation and Tropical Disease Research Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam, December 2018.
4. Hardwidge, PR. Hung Vuong University, Viet Tri, Vietnam, December 2018.
5. Hardwidge, PR. Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China, December 2018.
6. Hardwidge, PR. Biodiversity Conservation and Tropical Disease Research Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam, March 2019.
7. Hardwidge, PR. Ringpu Biopharmacy, Tianjin, China, March 2019.
8. Remfry, SE., et al. College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX April 2019.
9. Atobatele, M., et al. BugAPalooza, Manhattan, KS, April 2019.