Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Annual report attached below.

MINUTES:

NC1197: Practical management of Nematodes on Corn, Soybeans and Other Crops of Regional Importance.

Meeting Minutes

August 1, 2019.

Attendees:

Guiping Yan (North Dakota)

Kaitlyn Bissonnette (Missouri)

Tim Frey (Ohio State)

Haddish Melakeberhan (Michigan)

Greg Tylka (Iowa)

Nate Schroeder – secretary (Illinois)

Emmanuel Byamukama (South Dakota)

Jaeyeong Han (Illinois)

Chris Taylor – Chair, Host (Ohio)

Brought to order 8:30 AM

Discussion of administrator changes. New administrator is Marty Draper.

Notes from Dr. Draper: Wished he could make it. This is midterm review year. Experimental station directors will review.

A general discussion of the status of nematology and plant pathology proceeded and how other multistate committees are handling loss of academic positions..

State Reports 9 AM

Missouri

• Drought in 2018.
• Melissa Mitchum conducted a state-wide survey for SCN that was published in Plant Disease (Howland et al., 2018). 100% of populations were HG type 2. Many with high FIs.
• Flooding this year.
• Looking at SCN suppressive soils in the mid-south. There is a question as to why is SCN disappearing from the south. Is it actually gone?
• A survey was conducted for SCN in MO, AR, MS, LA fields with a history of SCN and soybean production. High levels of SCN were found in MO while very low levels were found in AR and MS. Follow up studies are looking at soil suppressiveness.
• Receiving many question about seed treatments. There is some usage by farmers; however the data is questionable regarding efficacy in many cases.
• A discussion proceeded on the origins of SCN and genetic diversity.
• Members suggested it may be worthwhile to propose a coordinated survey of the north-central region for SCN to examine genetic diversity.

South Dakota

• Two new counties were found to be positive for SCN. There is speculation that the spread is going along major highways in the state. A discussion followed on what standards should be used to confirm a new county as positive for SCN. Dr. Tylka stated it should be a bioassay on soybean to confirm.
• SD is examining various nematicide seed treatments; however the data has been They recommend growers consider seed treatments when over 2000 eggs/100 cm3. A discussion among the committee followed regarding the adoption of seed treatments..
• There are many soybean varities available with resistance to SCN. However, all of the resistance is derived from PI88788.
• SD is examining a myccorhizae seed treatment from Elemental Enzymes.

North Dakota

• ND is working on molecular detection methods for stubby root nematode stubby root due to its role as a vector of Tobacco rattle virus on potato. Has collected stubby root from multiple states. Four species detected. Examining factors that affect detection of Paratrichodorus allius. Only 10% of nematodes carry virus. Developing new droplet digital PCR for detection.
• Developing real-time PCR for detection of Pratylenchus scribneri. They have developed very successful carrot disk culture.
• Data from Richland County fields suggest high pressure of SCN (2,800-92,800 in 100 cm³). The growers are planting resistant varieties, but the SCN population is HG 0.
• Testing soybean germplasm 150-170 for HG type 0 and HG type 2.5.7
• Testing cover crops for host status and effect on SCN populations. All cover crops showed SCN reduction compared with soybeans. However, other vermiform species had increases.

Michigan

• Objective 1. Looking at hapla distribution and soil type.
• Also examining the role of soil amendments in Guatemala on potato where potato cyst nematode is common. Goal is to suppress PCN. Using composted chicken manure. Developing model for integrated efficiency of cyst numbers and yield.

Illinois

• Examining the role of nitrogen application and tile drainage on nematode communities.
• Also examining the prevalence of plant-parasitic nematodes on organic soybean production.

Iowa

• Conducted statewide experiments at nine location to test resistant varieties as well as seed treatments. As expected resistant varieties had better yield and generally had less SCN production than susceptible. Seed treatments had a low frequency of positive return although on average they did see a yield benefit.
• Created an ongoing seed treatment chart.
• Examining the mechanism for cover crop suppression of SCN using in vitro microfluidic assays, hatching assays, and penetration assays. Crimson clover appeared to stimulate hatching, but was not a good host for SCN.

Ohio

• Examining the role of amino acids on plant-parasitic nematode chemotaxis. Found concentration dependent effects of threonine attractiveness for root-knot. The L-form of threonine has a stronger chemotactic effect than D-form. The amino acid attraction profile for root-knot differs from that of elegans. Are using RNAi to determine the mechanism for amino acid chemotaxis. Also testing the attractiveness of Arabidopsis mutants with varying AA profiles.
• Ongoing project examining root-knot and other soil pathogens in Ohio high tunnels. hapla was found to be the primary root-knot species in this production system.

End of state reports 3 PM.

Nate Schroeder was nominated and elected as Chair.

Kaitlyn was nominated and elected to be secretary.

Kaitlyn proposed Lincoln, NE or Columbia, MO as a site. Decision was made to go to Columbia. Likely in first week of August (4^th-5^th).

Meeting adjourned at 4:15 pm.