Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

NC-213 Annual Business Meeting Agenda

Gateway Conference Center and Hotel at Iowa State University Ames

Wednesday, February 27, 2019 – Noon During Banquet Lunch

General Comments - NC-213 Administrative Advisor/Coordinator (David A. Benfield)

Currently there are no major updates on funding. N.I.F.A. is working on getting caught-up due to the recent partial Government shut-down. The Federal Budget is still pending. The new Farm Bill passed and given the level of funding there are some infrastructure considerations for Land Gant Institutions. How this will affect Land Grant Institutions funding – level or slight increase. House was higher in funding and the Senate was lower. Dr. Benfield recognized Anton Bekkerman and Bill Koshar for their work over the year and recognized Chuck Hill for organizing the Industry Panel Discussion. Dr. Benfield went on to note that there was an exceptional group of students who presented posters at the Poster Showing. He enjoyed talking with them and getting to know them and they did an excellent job of explaining their research.

Discussion was held on filling the vacant NC-213 Objective 2 Co-Chair position. After some discussion, it was decided that the NC-213 Administrative Advisor’s Office would release an e-mail for self-nomination for that vacant position and that an article would appear in the next Grain Quality Newsletter.

Announcement of the Winner(s) of the NC-213 Andersons Poster Showing – Students People Choice Award. NC-213 Chair (Anton Bekkerman). This year there were 18 posters on display and there was a tie for first place. Both individuals are recognized as Winners and they are: Ruben Chavez, University of Illinois-Urbana and Guy Roger Aby, Iowa State University.

NC-213 Past Chair (Sam McNeill) recognized the winner of the 2019 Andersons Cereals and Oilseeds Award of Excellence. The winner of this award was Frank Arthur, Professor, USDA, GMPRC, Manhattan, Kansas.

NC-213 Chair (Anton Bekkerman) and NC-213 Vice Chair (Griffiths Atungulu) led discussion on the NC-213 Annual Meeting 2020. Three options were presented to the group:

Option #1: GEAPS: March 21-24, 2020. Minneapolis, MN.

NC-213: Tuesday, March 24 and Wednesday, March 25

Due to the last two meetings with GEAPS, the group felt it better to meet at a different location than GEAPS, rather than the Convention Center. We experienced not being able to gain early access, we had our audio-visual equipment removed, and no staff was on-hand to help with meeting room issues.

Option #2: Wheat Quality Council: February 18-19, 2020. Kansas City, MO (Embassy Suites KCI)

NC-213: Wednesday, February 19 and Thursday, February 20

Option #3: Open discussion for an Institution or U.S.D.A. Agency to host.

After much discussion, it was voted on meeting with GEAPS in March of 2020.

Additional discussion was held on formats and such for future meetings. It was discussed that maybe a template should be created for the presentations. That would aid in keeping the presentations to their 15-minute timeframe and to help presenters to give pertinent information (i.e., scope of work, objectives, results, future applications for the research). It was also discussed that maybe an “abstract” of research be given with the presentation titles prior to the meeting. Some folks felt that since this is a research-based conference, it might be beneficial as we want to ensure that we have true research presentations and not presenters advertising their company for gain.

Open discussion on adding an “In Memoriam” section to the website, newsletter, etc. After discussion, it was decided, when NC-213 is notified of the passing of a past member, that an e-mail is sent via the Listserv, an article is placed in the Grain Quality Newsletter, and that the “In Memoriam” section of the website will be updated.

NC-213 Secretary – vacant position. After discussion and voting, it was decided that Devon Rose, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, be the incoming NC-213 Secretary.

Meeting adjourned

Objective 1:

This research was funded in part by Corning Advanced Optics and Iowa Grain Quality Initiative. Near-infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging (HSI) was used to develop a calibration model to predict protein content of soybean meal and to show the distribution of protein content in a soybean meal sample. Total of 189 soybean meal samples with 10 regions of interest per sample were analyzed using a Corning reflectance NIR HSI system in the 850 to 1700 nm wavelength range.   Mean spectra, which were preprocessed using standard normal variate, and reference % protein content measurements (using combustion method) were the input data in the partial least squares (PLS) regression for model calibration. The final model achieved root mean square error (RMSE), R2 and standard error (SE) of 0.699, 0.835 and 0.699, respectively. The model was then used to predict and visualize protein content distribution in a sample. The performance of the model for soybean meal protein content is relatively low as compared to NIR models for whole grains, but it is comparable with other NIR models for soybean meal on bulk samples. 

Sorting of contaminated maize kernels is an approach to reduce aflatoxin levels in maize samples. The current research aims to evaluate an approach of repeated screening and sorting of maize samples to decrease the aflatoxin levels in contaminated grain with a multispectral fluorescence-based aflatoxin detection method. The multispectral fluorescence-based method uses two narrow bandwidth fluorescence bands for the detection. This method was developed based on a fluorescence shift phenomenon observed in the blue-green spectral region for maize kernels with a high aflatoxin content. A dual-camera imaging system was developed for rapid detection of contaminated corn. This multispectral system includes two scientific grade 14-bit Pixelfly cameras and two narrow-band filters. Corn samples were collected from field experiments and industrial sources. Research has also been carried out in using near infrared spectroscopy (400 – 2,500 nm) and shortwave near infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging (1,000 – 2,500 nm) for aflatoxin contamination detection in maize kernels.

This final reporting year, a project was completed in collaboration with a milling company on compositional and functional changes in whole wheat flour after germination. The phytic acid, thiamine, and dough strength of whole grain flour from germinated wheat decreased, whereas lysine, asparagine, GABA, lipase, esterase, and lipoxygenase activities increased compared with flour from ungerminated wheat. Mixing time was not affected by germination time. A small but significant effect of drying temperature was observed for asparagine, GABA, dough strength, and lipase and esterase activities. Drying temperature did not show any differences when the grains were germinated for up to 48 h. Whole grain flour from germinated wheat was added to ungerminated whole wheat flour at 2, 5, and 10 % (flour basis). Doughs and breads made from these composite flours had improved mixing properties, loaf volume, and firmness, except at the highest proportions and from longer germination times.

Flaxseed is an oilseed that has documented health benefits. People consume flaxseed for a number of reasons, but improving cardiovascular health is one of the primary reasons.  The anti-inflammatory, cholesterol-lowering and glycemic modulating activities are observed benefits of flaxseed consumption. The high levels of omega-3 fatty acid, dietary fiber, anti-carcinogenic lignans and proteins are thought to be the reason for the health benefits of flaxseed. The current research involves the determination of oil and omega-3 fatty acids in flaxseed in samples provided by breeders.

The research provides flaxseed data for breeder to select the best production management practices for optimal flaxseed oil and omega-3 fatty acid contents. The value of flaxseed production to flaxseed growers is over $70 million. Enhancing the already nutrient dense flaxseed will support the growth of this niche market where flaxseed is sold. 

The flaxseed moisture contents ranged from 4.6 to 7.1% with a mean value of 6.8%. The oil contents ranged from 36.1 to 43.8% on a dry weight basis (d.w.b.). The mean oil content 40.4% d.w.b. The mean palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic contents in the oil fraction were 5.4, 4.0, 19.5, 14.3 and 57.1%, respectively. The linolenic acid is the most important fatty acid in flaxseed that is responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity. The linolenic acid ranged from 52.8 to 62.6% in the extracted oil. Conversion to a milled flaxseed basis, linolenic ranged from 20.1 to 25.6 g/ 100 g flaxseed with a mean value of 23.1 g/ 100 g flaxseed. A serving size of flaxseed is approximately 13 g; thus, a serving of flaxseed would provide approximately 3 g of linolenic acid.  

We have observed that movement of ground material during milling of durum into semolina varied with genotype.  It is well documented that high test weight and kernel weight and large kernel size favors high semolina yield. Available information regarding durum grain traits that relate to the movement of material in a roller mill is limited. Changes in movement of material during milling can cause the mill to become unbalanced resulting in too much or too little material moving in the pneumatic lines or passing over the sieves in sifters and purifiers which can be detrimental to semolina quality. Previous research identified durum genotypes that varied in their milling quality, particularly in their semolina yield. This research was conducted to determine the relationship between milling yield and movement of ground material in the mill during the milling process. Experiment used grain from nine durum genotypes grown near Casselton, ND. Grain was milled on a Buhler MLU 202 that was configured with two Miag purifiers.  Each purifier had two sections.  Grain quality and mill flow were determined.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a disease common in cereal grains which is caused by the infection of fungi from the Fusarium sp. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum, which infects grain causing decreased grain yields, as well as food safety concerns. DON accumulation in bran and endosperm can vary with time of infection. Early infection generally results in high DON levels in endosperm, while late infection results in high DON levels in bran and outer layer of endosperm.

The presence of mycotoxins, such as DON, in grains not only carries health concerns, it also has a negative economic impact for producers. At grain elevators a discount is applied depending on the severity of the FHB outbreak during the growing season. Postharvest price discounts can go from rejected product, low grade reclassification to price discounts. For example, in 2014 wheat prices were $6/bu, so a discount of $1 represented 17% of the total price, a loss of $40/acre or $99/ha.

Taking advantage of the water solubility of DON, an alternative use for low priced grain is possible. In the ingredients market, starch and vital wheat gluten prices are around $500 and $900 per ton, respectively. Understanding the effect of wet milling process on the fate of DON may help identify strategies that could result in desirable wheat wet milled fractions free from contaminants for industry.

Wheat wet milling begins with semolina/flour obtained by dry milling. Dry milling separates grain based on physical characteristics of bran, germ and endosperm. Wet milling separates grain into fractions based on chemistry, protein, starch, lipid, and fiber (bran). Protein, starch, lipid and fiber can be used in food and industrial systems.

DON content of the samples and fractions was determined according to the method of TAcke and Casper (1996). Samples were shaken with acetonitrile:water (84:16) for one hour. After the samples settled, the extract was passed through a clean-up column, dried and derivitized. The derivatized sample was analyzed using gas xhromatography with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) (Tacke and Casper 1996).

Raman spectroscopy for detection of antimicrobials and pesticides. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used to explore the feasibility of the spectroscopic technique as a simple and low-cost analytical tool for rapid detection and characterization of antimicrobial and pesticide residues in feed samples. For this study, silver nanosphere and gold nanoparticles were prepared and evaluated by testing OTSC regulatory samples as well as spiked samples with monensin, decoquinate, lasalocid sodium, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, chlorpyrifos, and aldicarb. The test results showed a distinctive difference in spectra intensity and profile among samples with different levels of antimicrobials and pesticides.  Chemometric models developed for classification of the samples yielded a high correct classification rate, up to 100% while the models for quantification achieved an excellent prediction ability, R2 > 0.95.  The study results imply that SERS method should be capable of identifying and quantifying the level of selective antimicrobials and pesticides depending on particle size, concentration, and affinity between nanoparticles and the target molecules.

Reduction of aflatoxin in cottonseed and cottonseed meal. Research includes investigation into cleaning/separating and treatment with atmospheric cold plasma. This research looked into the dimensions, sphericity, surface area, 1000 seed mass, projected area, color, density and volume of clean versus moldy fuzzy cottonseed. Results will give insight into which parameters can be used to identify contaminated cottonseed and prepare it for the next step of this work, treatment with atmospheric cold plasma.

Objective 2:

Co-Chair – Brian D. Adam, Oklahoma State University

NC-213 Multi-institution/Multi-state Collaborations:

Funded Grants

Kansas State University (Phillips), Mississippi State University (Schilling), Oklahoma State University (B. Adam)

“IPM for The Ham Mite Using Alternatives To Methyl Bromide.” USDA-NIFA-Integrated Programs, Methyl Bromide Transitions Program. 10/1/2018-9/30/2021. $499,713 PIs Phillips, Thomas, Wes Schilling, and Brian Adam. 

Kansas State University (T. Phillips), Mississippi State University (Freeman, Schilling), Oklahoma State University (B. Adam)

“Integration of Food Grade Coatings into Ham Nets as a Means to Control Ham Mite Infestations.” USDA-NIFA-ICGP-006245 Methyl Bromide Transitions. 9/1/2017-8/31/2020. $498,387. PIs Freeman, C., Schilling, M.W., Phillips, T.W., Black, C., Crist, C., and Adam, B.

Kansas State University (Zhu, Maghirang), Oklahoma State University (Adam), USDA-ARS (Arthur, Brabec, Campbell)

“Improving Efficacy of Aerosol Applications for Control of Stored Product Insects in Wheat and Rice Mills.” USDA-NIFA- ICGP-005778 Methyl Bromide Transitions. 9/1/2016-8/31/2019, $499,999. PIs Kun Yan Zhu, James Campbell, Frank Arthur, Mark Casada, Daniel Brabec, Ronaldo Maghirang, and Brian Adam.

Publications

USDA-ARS (Armstrong, Arthur, Campbell), Oklahoma State U. (Opit, Danso), Fort Valley State University (Mbata), Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology/KNUST (Osekre)

Manu, N., Osekre, E.A., Opit, G.P., Campbell, J.F., Arthur, F.H., Mbata, G., Armstrong, P.R., Danso, J.K. 2018. “Population dynamics of stored maize insect pests in warehouses in two districts of Ghana.” Journal of Stored Products Research. 76:102-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2018.01.001 . Log No. 344434

Kansas State U. (Manu), U. of Kentucky (McNeill), Oklahoma State U. (Opit, Danso), USDA-ARS (Armstrong, Arthur, Campbell), Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology/KNUST (Osekre), Ft. Valley State University (Mbata)

Danso, J.K., Osekre, E.A., Manu, N., Opit, G.P., Armstrong, P.R., Arthur, F.H., Campbell, J.F., Mbata, G., McNeill, S.G. 2018. Post-harvest insect infestation and mycotoxin levels in maize markets in the Middle Belt of Ghana. Journal of Stored Products Research. 77:9-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2018.02.004 .

Kansas State U. (Manu), U. of Kentucky (McNeill), Oklahoma State U. (Opit, Danso), USDA-ARS (Armstrong, Arthur, Campbell), Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology/KNUST (Osekre), Ft. Valley State University (Mbata)

Manu, N., Opit, G.P., Osekre, E.A., Arthur, F.H., Mbata, G., Armstrong,P., Danso, J.K., McNeill, S.G., Campbell, J.F. 2019. Moisture content, insect pest infestation and mycotoxin levels of maize in markets in the northern region of Ghana. Journal of Stored Products Research. 80:10-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2018.10.007

Iowa State U. (Maier), Kansas State U. (Campabadal), U. of Kentucky (McNeill), Oklahoma State U. (Opit), USDA-ARS (Armstrong), Purdue U. (Ambrose), Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology/KNUST (Akowuah, Obeng-Akrofi)

Akowuah, J., Maier, D., Opit, G., McNeill, S.G., Armstrong, P., Campabadal, C., Ambrose, K., Oben-Akrofi, G. 2018. Drying temperature effect on kernel damage and viability of maize dried in a solar biomass hybrid dryer. Open Journal of Applied Sciences. 8:506-517. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2018.811041 

Objective 3:

Iowa state researchers, with industry collaboration, developed strategies for maximizing the processing value of soybean through selective handling approach. The study was conducted by collecting samples from 36 locations with a goal to determine the protein and oil variations to selectively segregate soybeans either load by load or by location to be shipped to the processing plant. They found that significant improvement in processing margins could be possible by managing the logistics of soybean shipments from receiving locations to the processing plants versus other market locations. 

Through analytical modeling approach, NC-213 researchers improved the effectiveness in segregation strategies for non-GM corn. A decision-making tool was developed and tested through a Java-based software program. With reasonable accuracy, the program predicts the potential GM adventitious presences in non-GM corn loads. In addition, a probabilistic model with Monte Carlo simulation was developed to predict the likelihood of non-GM loads meeting selected tolerance levels for adventitious presence. In the long term, the data and tools generated by the project will lower the risk level for non-GM growers, breeders, and handlers. This research was a collaborative effort with researchers from Iowa State University and Purdue Univerrsity.

NC-213 participants actively trained grain handling and processing industry workers and supervisor on dust control and dust explosion mitigation. The training programs covered effective handling strategies for controlling dust generation, good housekeeping practices, equipment maintenance, and advanced dust explosion suppression systems.

Objective 1 Publications

Sekhon J. K., K. A. Rosentrater, S. Jung, and T. Wang. 2018. Effect of co-products of enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction of soybeans, enzymes, and surfactant on oil recovery from integrated corn-soy fermentation. Industrial Crops and Products 121: 441-451. 

Suleiman, R. and K. A. Rosentrater. 2018. Techno-economic analysis (TEA) of extruded aquafeeds. Journal of Food Research 7(5): 57-68.

Yao, H., Y. Huang, L. Tang, L. Tian, D. Bhatnagar, and T. E. Cleveland. 2018. Using Hyperspectral Data in Precision Farming Applications, Chapter 1 of Vol. IV, Advance Applications in Agricultural Crops and Natural Vegetation, in book Hyperspectral Remote Sensing of Vegetation, Second Edition. Editor-in-Chief, Prasad S. Thenkabail. CRC Press.

Tao, F., Yao, H., Hruska, Z., Burger, W., Rajasekaran, K., Bhatnagar, D. 2018. Recent development of optical methods in rapid and non-destructive detection of aflatoxin and fungal contamination in agricultural products. Trends in Analytical Chemistry, DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.12.017. v100, 65-81.

Tao, F., Yao, H., Zhu, F., Hruska, Z., Liu, Y., Rajasekaran, K, and Bhatnagar, D. 2018. Feasibility of using visible/near-infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy to detect aflatoxigenic fungus and aflatoxin contamination on corn kernels. ASABE Paper No. 1801006. St. Joseph, MI.: ASABE.

Han, D., Yao, H., Hruska, Z., Kincaid, R., Ramezanpour, C., Rajasekaran, K., & Bhatnagar, D. 2018. Development of high speed dual-camera system for batch screening of aflatoxin contamination of corn using multispectral fluorescence imaging. Proceedings of SPIE, “Sensing for Agriculture and Food Quality and Safety X”, 10665-17. April 18, 2018.

Tao, F., Yao, H., Hruska, Z., Kincaid, R., Liu, Y., Rajasekaran, K., & Bhatnagar, D. 2018. Rapid and non-destructive detection of aflatoxin contamination of peanut kernels using visible/near-infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy. Proceedings of SPIE, “Sensing for Agriculture and Food Quality and Safety X”, 10665-18. April 18, 2018.

Poudel R, Rose DJ. 2018. Changes in enzymatic activities and functionality of whole wheat flour due to steaming of wheat kernels. Food Chemistry 263:315-320.

Full Citation: Shah, M., Eklund, B., Lima, LGC., Bergholz, T. and Hall, C. 2018. Microbial and Chemical Shelf-Life of Vacuum Steam-Pasteurized Whole Flaxseed and Milled Flaxseed. J. Food Sci. 83(2):300-308. doi: 10.1007/s11947-017-2052-7

Full Citation: Hall III, C., Bergholz, T., and Shah, M. Shelf-life of Pasteurized Flaxseed. Flax Institute of America. April 2018. Fargo, ND.

Magallanes López, A. M. (2018). Fate of deoxynivalenol during wet milling (Order No. 10974700). Available from Dissertations & Theses @ North Dakota State University. (2133955805). Retrieved from https://ezproxy.lib.ndsu.nodak.edu/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/2133955805?accountid=6766

Yarbrough, D. 2018. Raman Spectroscopy: How to keep our animals and us healthy. Explorations. 10, 35-38.

Wu, T., Armstrong, P.R., Maghirang, E.B. 2018. Vis- and NIR-based instruments for detection of black-tip damaged wheat kernels: A comparative study. Transactions of the ASABE. 61(2):461-467. https://doi.org/10.13031/trans.12432.  Log No. 341744

Determining damage levels in wheat caused by Sunn pest (Eurygaster integriceps) using visible and Near-Infrared spectroscopy.  ARMSTRONG, PAUL R., MAGHIRANG, ELIZABETH, OZULU, MEHMET. Journal of Cereal Science, Accepted

Clohessy, J. W., Pauli, D., Kreher, K. M., Buckler V, E. S., Armstrong, P. R., Wu, T., Hoekenga, O. A., Jannink, J.-L., Sorrells, M. E., and Gore, M. A. 2018. A low-cost automated system for high-throughput phenotyping of single oat seeds. The Plant Phenome Journal In Press doi: 10.2135/tppj2018.07.0005

Manu, N., Osekre, E.A., Opit, G.P., Campbell, J.F., Arthur, F.H., Mbata, G., Armstrong, P.R., Danso, J.K. 2018. Population dynamics of stored maize insect pests in warehouses in two districts of Ghana. Journal of Stored Products Research. 76:102-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2018.01.001.  Log No. 344434

Danso, J.K., Osekre, E.A., Manu, N., Opit, G.P., Armstrong, P.R., Arthur, F.H., Campbell, J.F., Mbata, G., McNeil, S.G. 2018. Post-harvest insect infestation and mycotoxin levels in maize markets in the Middle Belt of Ghana. Journal of Stored Products Research. 77:9-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2018.02.004.  Log No. 348331

Moisture content, insect pest infestation and mycotoxin levels of maize in markets in the northern region of Ghana. (2019). N.Manu, G.P.Opit E.A.Osekre F.H.Arthur G.Mbata P.Armstrong J.K.Danso S.G.McNeill J.F.Campbell 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2018.10.007

Tamagno, Santiago & Sadras, Victor & W. Haegele, Jason & R. Armstrong, Paul & Ciampitti, Ignacio. (2018). Interplay between nitrogen fertilizer and biological nitrogen fixation in soybean: implications on seed yield and biomass allocation. Scientific Reports. 8. 10.1038/s41598-018-35672-1.

Ortez, O & Salvagiotti, Fernando & M. Enrico, J & Prasad, P. V. Vara & Armstrong, P & Ciampitti, Ignacio. (2018). Exploring Nitrogen Limitation for Historical and Modern Soybean Genotypes. Agronomy Journal. 110. 10.2134/agronj2018.04.0271.

Objective 2 Publications

Bruce RM, Atungulu GG. 2018. Assessment of pasting characteristics of size fractionated industrial parboiled and non-parboiled broken rice. Cereal Chemistry, 95(6), 889–899. DOI: 10.1002/cche.10107

Luthra K, Sadaka S, Atungulu GG. 2018. Exploration of Rough Rice Head Yield Subjected To Drying and Retention Durations in A Fluidized Bed System. American Society of Biological and agricultural Engineers, Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 34(5):877-885. https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.12925.

Shafiekhani S, Atungulu GG. 2018. Impacts of storage temperature and rice moisture content on color characteristics of rice from fields with different disease management practices. Journal of Stored Product Research. 78 (1), 89-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2018.07.001.

Sadaka S, Atungulu GG. 2018. Drying of Rough Rice Using Heated Husk for Heat Transfer and Moisture Adsorption. Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 34(3). 605-615. https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.12739

Sadaka S, Atungulu GG.  (2018). Grain Sorghum Drying Kinetics under Isothermal Conditions Using Thermogravimetric Analyzer. BioResources, 13(1), 1534-1547.

Atungulu GG, Olatunde GA. 2018. Assessment of New In-Bin Drying and Storage Technology for Soybean Seed. Drying Technology. 36(4), 383-399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2017.1335751.

Atungulu GG, Olatunde GA, Sadaka S. 2018.  Impact of Rewetting and Drying of Rough Rice on Prediction of Moisture Content Profiles during On-Farm In-Bin Drying and Storage. Drying Technology. 36(4) 468-476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2017.1345933.

Atungulu GG, Olatunde G, Wilson S. 2018. Engineering Methods to Reduce Aflatoxin Contamination of Corn in On-Farm Bin Drying and Storage Systems. Drying Technology. 36(8): 932-951 https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2017.1365726

Olatunde G. Atungulu GG. 2018.  Milling behavior and microstructure of rice dried using microwave set at 915 MHz frequency. Journal of Cereal Science, 80 (2018)167-173 doi: 10.1016/j.jcs.2018.02.008.

Smith D, Atungulu GG, Sadaka S, Rogers S. 2018. Implications of Microwave Drying Using 915 MHz Frequency on Rice Physicochemical Properties. Cereal Chemistry, 95(2), 221-225 (https://doi.org/10.1002/cche.10012).

Smith D, Atungulu GG. 2018. Impact of Drying Deep Beds of Rice with Microwave Set At 915 MHz Frequency on Rice Microbial Community Responses. Cereal Chemistry, 2018(95), 130-140 (https://doi.org/10.1002/cche.10018).

Xu F, Zhang J, Wang Z, Yao Y, Atungulu GG, Ju X, Wang L. 2018. Absorption and Metabolism of Peptide WDHHAPQLR Derived from Rapeseed Protein and Inhibition of HUVECs Apoptosis under Oxidative Stress. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2018, 66, 5178−5189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01620.

Atungulu GG. 2018. Infrared Food Processing Technology: Fundamentals and Case Studies of Recent Advances in Grain Processing. In: Alternatives to Conventional Food Processing: 2nd Edition Edited by Andrew Proctor. Green Chemistry Series No. 53. The Royal Society of Chemistry; Thomas Graham House, Science Park, Milton Road Cambridge CB4 0WF, UK. Pg. 397-417.

Cheng, X., A. Vella, and M. J. Stasiewicz. 2018. Classification of aflatoxin contaminated single corn kernels by ultraviolet to near infrared spectroscopy. Food Cont. (in press, accepted Nov. 2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.11.037.

Disturbance to control insects in stored grain – Mike Sserunjogi, Tom Brumm, Dirk Maier, and Carl Bern (2018)

Wireless sensors for quality monitoring and management of stored grain inventories – Roger Aby and Dirk Maier (2018)

Testing plastic films for air tightness of hermetic storage bags – Cristine Ignacio, Sam Cook, Carl Bern, and Dirk Maier (2018)

Application of blockchain technology in agri-food supply chain – Priyanka Gupta and Shweta Chopra (2018)

Modeling traceability in the bulk material supply chain – Richa Sharma, Charles Hurburgh, Shweta Chopra, and Gretchen Mosher (2018)

Suleiman, R., C. J. Bern, T. J. Brumm, and K. A. Rosentrater.  2018.  Impact of moisture content and maize weevils and maize quality during hermetic and non-hermetic storage.  Journal of Stored Products Research 78: 1-10.

Ramaswamy, S.K. and G.A. Mosher. 2018. Using workers’ compensation claims data to characterize occupational injuries in the biofuels industry. Safety Science, 103(March), 352-360.

Bekkerman, A., and D. K. Weaver. 2018.“Modeling Joint Dependence of Invasive Pests: The Case of the Wheat Stem Sawfly.” Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics. 42(2):172-194

Lawrence, P. G., B. D. Maxwell, L. J. Rew, C. Ellis, and A. Bekkerman. 2018. Vulnerability of dryland agricultural regimes to economic and climatic change. Ecology and Society. 23(1):34. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-09983-230134

Adhikari, S., T. Seipel, F. D. Menalled, and D. K. Weaver. 2018. Farming system and wheat cultivar affect infestation of and parasitism on Cephus cinctus in the Northern Great Plains. Pest Management Science. 74(11):2480-2487

Wu, T., Armstrong, P.R., Maghirang, E.B. 2018. Vis- and NIR-based instruments for detection of black-tip damaged wheat kernels: A comparative study. Transactions of the ASABE. 61(2):461-467. https://doi.org/10.13031/trans.12432.  Log No. 341744

Determining damage levels in wheat caused by Sunn pest (Eurygaster integriceps) using visible and Near-Infrared spectroscopy.  ARMSTRONG, PAUL R., MAGHIRANG, ELIZABETH, OZULU, MEHMET. Journal of Cereal Science, Accepted

Clohessy, J. W., Pauli, D., Kreher, K. M., Buckler V, E. S., Armstrong, P. R., Wu, T., Hoekenga, O. A., Jannink, J.-L., Sorrells, M. E., and Gore, M. A. 2018. A low-cost automated system for high-throughput phenotyping of single oat seeds. The Plant Phenome Journal In Press doi: 10.2135/tppj2018.07.0005

Manu, N., Osekre, E.A., Opit, G.P., Campbell, J.F., Arthur, F.H., Mbata, G., Armstrong, P.R., Danso, J.K. 2018. Population dynamics of stored maize insect pests in warehouses in two districts of Ghana. Journal of Stored Products Research. 76:102-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2018.01.001.  Log No. 344434

Danso, J.K., Osekre, E.A., Manu, N., Opit, G.P., Armstrong, P.R., Arthur, F.H., Campbell, J.F., Mbata, G., McNeil, S.G. 2018. Post-harvest insect infestation and mycotoxin levels in maize markets in the Middle Belt of Ghana. Journal of Stored Products Research. 77:9-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2018.02.004.  Log No. 348331

Moisture content, insect pest infestation and mycotoxin levels of maize in markets in the northern region of Ghana. (2019). N.Manu, G.P.Opit E.A.Osekre F.H.Arthur G.Mbata P.Armstrong J.K.Danso S.G.McNeill J.F.Campbell 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2018.10.007

Tamagno, Santiago & Sadras, Victor & W. Haegele, Jason & R. Armstrong, Paul & Ciampitti, Ignacio. (2018). Interplay between nitrogen fertilizer and biological nitrogen fixation in soybean: implications on seed yield and biomass allocation. Scientific Reports. 8. 10.1038/s41598-018-35672-1.

Ortez, O & Salvagiotti, Fernando & M. Enrico, J & Prasad, P. V. Vara & Armstrong, P & Ciampitti, Ignacio. (2018). Exploring Nitrogen Limitation for Historical and Modern Soybean Genotypes. Agronomy Journal. 110. 10.2134/agronj2018.04.0271.

Objective 3 Publications

None provided for 2018.