SAES-422 Multistate Research Activity Accomplishments Report

Sections

Status: Approved

Basic Information

Participants

University of California, Davis, University of Florida, Purdue University, Ohio State University, Michigan State University, Minnesota University, Texas A&M, Rutgers, Washington State University, Tarleton State University, Illinois State University, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Kansas State University and University of Maryland; Members: Tucker, Horback, Blantchford, Tucker, Gaskill, Erasmus, Proudfoot, Swanson, Siegford, Endres, Daigle, Katz, Adams-Proger, Hulbert, Dennis, Costa, Van Os, Green.

NC-1029-Minutes-2017.docx

Accomplishments

Automated measurement of animal responses (Objective 1)

 

Researchers at Michigan State University have completed two projects and published papers on the impact of hen strain (breed) on amount of space hens occupy when performing key behaviors; and how delayed placement of pullets into aviary (individual and flock levels) affects hen behaviors including movement/falls at night. She has on-going work on bone strength and keel damage with collaborators at University of Bern. Two grant proposals have been submitted related to this work. MSU researchers are working on a USDA funded project examining how social behavior phenotypes relate to underlying genotypes and production traits in swine is on-going.

 

Research conducted at UC Davis on individually-housed, mature boars found that the animals preferred interacting with hanging cotton rope enrichment over hanging rubber chew sticks when given the option. The boars spent less time performing the abnormal stereotypic behavior of sham chewing when provided enrichment as compared to no enrichment. Such reductions in amount of time spent performing abnormal stereotypic behaviors could indicate that animals’ behavioral needs are being met by the enrichment object. Thus, the results of this study could help provide producers with more objective, research-based suggestions concerning the efficacy of practical enrichment choices for individually-housed.

 

Researchers at Texas A & M have completed projects looking to minimize stress in poultry (broilers, laying hens, and ducks) utilizing feed additives and lighting programs.  They have also begun work to determine optimal methods for euthanasia on farm for broiler, ducks, and turkeys, and continue to look for means to improve the measurement of welfare as well as to improve the welfare of animals via external and internal environmental manipulation.

 

Researchers at Kansas State University created protocols for an in-pen approach tests to distinguish sub clinically injured or sick pigs from sham-treated pigs.  In addition, we developed a standard protocol for conditioning pigs to be able to test cortical function through somatosentory stimulation. These protocols and projects were presented by undergraduates and graduate students at scientific meetings. Station members also Created and implemented an automated environmentally enrichment device for veal calves that can be used to provide environmental enrichment and data may serve as an indicator of distress, injury, or sickness.

 

Researchers at the University of Maryland have assessed the impacts of early exposure to microbiome altering diets on poultry well-being and behavior and the production and welfare implications for multiple environmental enrichments in production quail.

 

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin, Madison have performed research on the impacts of feed delivery methods of milk starter on well-being outcomes as well as aspects of thermal comfort in both summer and winter months. Station members are investigating heat stress in adult lactating cows in a commercial dairy that utilizing a cooling system using water compared with more conventional cooling systems.

 

Members of the Rutger’s University station have performed research investigating the impact of environment, including social makeup and in utero environment, on masculinization and feminization of developing livestock. Resulting phenotypes can alter physiological, behavioral and production metrics. Results from this study can help to identify means of assessing and programing animal well-being. Additional research from this station is assessing the impact of gestational environment on response to post natal and adult external stressor.

Researchers at University of Florida are investigating the social and behavioral implications of disease state utilizing multiple methodologies including using GPS analysis to spot sick cows. Station members are also analyzing learning and discrimination tasks in cattle to determine if early learning with humans can reduce aversive learning during potentially stressful husbandry procedures and improve overall well-being and handling, and improve social behaviors.

 

On-farm welfare assessment (Objective 2)

 

Researchers at Michigan State University are working on the animal welfare portion of an Adaptive Multi-Paddock (AMP) Grazing project supported by FFAR (Arizona State University, Peter Byck PI). Based on the findings of (Simon et al. 2016 part 1&2), high risk measures are being used to assess rancher attitudes and the welfare of beef cows on ranches (AMP and conventional grazers) participating on the project. Data collection began October 2018 and will be completed spring 2019.

 

Research conducted at UC Davis evaluated the response to physical restraint in pregnant ewes in order to adapt the current chute score system for cattle for sheep. There was a significant positive correlation between heart rate and chute score, which suggests that ewes with a higher chute score experience a high arousal negative state. There was also a significantly positive correlation between step rate and vocalization rate, which suggests that both step rate and vocalization rate may be responses of a negative state due to physical restraint within the squeeze chute as well as isolation from the flock. Investigating these parameters may give more insight into sheep behavior and welfare, through the development of an objective measure of stress that is easy to use and applicable in a variety of settings.

 

Researchers at the University of Maryland evaluated the use of fecal bacterial shedding as a measure of animal well-being. There was significant difference in species population in animals under stress, animals in barren environments and animals with physical injury. Data collected suggest that fecal sampling can be used as a measure of on-farm welfare assessment.

 

Station members are using integrated data from past trials to assess new algorithms in order to measure animal well-being and better detect disease or other problems. Their model is was established from studies of how animals cope with stress AND disease challenges.

 

Researchers at the University of Florida delivered the 6th offering of the Livestock Education and Certification for Agricultural Law Enforcement (LECALE) training program to provide Ag law enforcement personnel knowledge and skills necessary for assessing the welfare of livestock, with a primary focus on horses and cattle

 

Station researchers at numerous stations (including University of Maryland, Michigan State University, University of Florida, and UC Davis) are developing and analyzing multiple non-invasive metrics for the assessment of animal and poultry well-being including multiple biochemical measures that can be analyzed from fecal, hair and behavioral measures.

Impacts

  1. Michigan State University provides leadership and international expertise on behavior and welfare of hens in alternative housing systems and in detecting and using of behavioral phenotypes to manage and selectively breed group-housed pigs. Station members also train undergraduate, graduate and veterinary students at MSU to assess animal welfare using the collegiate welfare judging competition and via coursework and research. Station members are also working on the video and data sheets from Michigan Animal Agriculture Alliance funded project examining impact of delayed placement of pullets in aviary housing.
  2. The University of California, Davis conducted work which assessed the preference for and impact of oral enrichment for single-housed, mature boars, validated a standardized chute score system for assessing stress response in ewes, completed research aimed at evaluating the inter- and intra-rater reliability and the relative accuracies of welfare assessment strategies for commercial ducks, evaluated scatter feeding as a method for broiler enrichment, and, utilized keel mounted sensors to determine whether pullet rearing practices affect use of space and resources by laying hens and keel integrity. Wearable sensors for commercial poultry were also developed to automatically collect data on behavior in regards to mite infestation. The University of California, Davis, also conducted work examining wound healing after disbudding with a hot iron in dairy goat kids. The results provide evidence that these wounds take up to 9 weeks to heal and represent a considerable injury during this time.
  3. The multi-media based training program on timely euthanasia created by researchers at the Ohio State University and Iowa State University will be distributed by the National Pork Board, as a service to U.S. swine producers provided by Pork Checkoff. This program will be packaged with other educational material and distributed to swine producers on a national level with the potential to reach approximately 60,000 U.S. swine operations and their employees in the coming years. This innovative tool represents the first interactive euthanasia-specific training program in the U.S.
  4. Ducks have received relatively little scientific attention for an animal welfare assessment standpoint. Although duck welfare assessments are conducted in research and production settings, there have been few efforts to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of the welfare assessment protocols used. A scientific comparison of welfare assessment strategies by the University of California, Davis for ducks will not only provide assurances about the accuracy of the assessments, but will allow for benchmarking of the welfare of ducks in relation to management strategies.
  5. Researchers at Texas A&M University are providing feed yard cattle managers with empirically evaluated husbandry practices designed to promote cattle welfare. Results from these research efforts have been disseminated in the scientific arena as well as incorporated into industry and extension talks.
  6. Researchers at Kansas State University developed and validated an automated environmental enrichment device for boars that they continuously use (especially in evenings and mornings). Following that development, we will work with NE and WI to test the devices on commercial boars and determine if this information will be a useful predictor for semen quality.
  7. Researchers at the University of Maryland have developed educational materials assessing the potential uses for ultraviolet light in the rearing of poultry. Production birds are often provided with a narrow spectrum of light that does not contain beneficial ultraviolet-A spectrum. Station members have provided information as to the benefits of this lighting.
  8. Researchers at the University of Wisconsin, Madison have performed research on the impacts of feed delivery methods of milk starter on well-being outcomes as well as aspects of thermal comfort in both summer and winter months. Station members have developed material to disseminate this information to the scientific community.
  9. Station members have developed algorithms that will detect disease with high efficiency. The efficiency of this algorithm is being analyzed against standard disease detection methods.
  10. Purdue’s turkey research has the potential to improve the well-being of commercially raised turkeys because footpad dermatitis is prevalent at all stages of production, and starts as early as 2 weeks of age. Footpad dermatitis becomes more severe as turkeys age. Therefore, any strategies that can reduce footpad dermatitis will greatly improve turkey well-being. In addition, feather pecking results will provide much needed information about how the behavior of turkeys is influenced by stocking density. Based on these results, recommendations will be made to guide the turkey industry in decisions about stocking density and litter management.
  11. Members of the Rutger’s University station have performed research investigating the impact of environment, including social makeup and in utero environment, on masculinization and feminization of developing livestock. Resulting phenotypes can alter physiological, behavioral and production metrics. Results from this study can help to identify means of assessing and programing animal well-being. Resulting data from this work is in the process of being disseminated
  12. Researchers at University of Florida are investigating the social and behavioral implications of disease state utilizing multiple methodologies including using GPS analysis to spot sick cows. Station members are also analyzing learning and discrimination tasks in cattle to determine if early learning with humans can reduce aversive learning during potentially stressful husbandry procedures and improve overall well-being and handling, and improve social behaviors.
  13. Researchers at the University of Florida have outreach projects underway to educate the public on well-being issues associated with equine handling and husbandry, and to assess and address the problem of burn out in stock persons. Members of the station have also performed a public needs assessment to determine the educational needs of the community.
  14. Station researchers are developing and analyzing multiple non-invasive metrics for the assessment of animal and poultry well-being including multiple biochemical measures that can be analyzed from fecal, hair and behavioral measures.

Publications

Peer-reviewed articles

Adcock, SJJ, Tucker, CB, Weerasinghe, G, Rajapaksha, E. (2018) Branding practices on four dairies in Kantale, Sri Lanka. Animals, 8(137): doi:10.3390/ani80801.

Adcock, SJJ, Tucker, CB. (2018) The effect of disbudding age on healing and pain sensitivity in dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 101: 10361-10373.

Ali ABA, Siegford JM. 2018. An approach for tracking directional activity of individual laying hens within a multi-tier cage-free housing system (aviary) using accelerometers.Measuring Behavior 2018 Conference Proceedings: 11th Annual Conference on Methods and Techniques in Behavioral Research. 11:178-180.

Capik, S., R.L. Larson, N. Van Engen, N. Cernicchiaro, T.J. Engelken J. Lakritz, M.A.  Ballou, L.E. Hulbert, R. Vann, J.L. Caswell, G. Jacob, J.A.  Carroll, J.F. Coetzee, and B. White. 2017. The impact of oral meloxicam prior to transportation on inflammatory mediators and immune function of arriving feedlot cattle.  Am. J. Vet. Res. 78: 1426-1436. doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.78.12.1426

Daigle CL and Ridge E. 2018. Investing in stockpeople is an investment in the sustainability of animal agriculture.  Animal Frontiers, vfy015, https://doi.org/10.1093/af/vfy015

Daigle, CL, Mathias A, Ridge E, Gill, R., Wickersham, T. A., and Sawyer, J. E. 2018. Case Study: Impact of exercise programs during receiving in a commercial feedlot on behavior and productivity of Brahman crossbred calves: results from a commercial environment and a comparison to the research environment. The Professional Animal Scientist. 34: 653-663. doi: 10.15232/pas.2018-01744.

Daigle CL, Herring AD, and Bazer FW. 2018. Breeding and Welfare, Genetic manipulation of beef and dairy cattle. In “The welfare of cattle” ed. Engle, Klingborg, and Rollin.  CRC Press. 93-108.

Daigle, CL, Jackson, B., Gill, R., Wickersham, T. A., & Sawyer, J. E. 2017. Impact of exercise on productivity, behavior, and immune functioning of weaned Bos indicus–cross calves housed in drylots. Journal of animal science, 95(12), 5230-5239.

Daigle CL. 2016. In search of the urban cowboy: the need to incorporate animal husbandry into the United States higher education curriculum and its implications for production animal welfare. Front. Vet. Sci. 3:84. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2016.00084.

Dennis, T.S., F.X. Suarez-Mena, T. M. Hill, J.D. Quigley, R.L. Schlotterbeck, R.N. Klopp, G.J. Lascono, and L.E. Hulbert. 2018. Effects of gradual and later weaning ages when feeding high milk replacer rates on growth, textured starter digestibility, and behavior in Holstein calves from 0 to 4 months of age J. Dairy. Sci. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2018-15319

Dennis, T.S., F.X. Suarez-Mena, T.M. Hill, J.D. Quigley, R.L. Schlotterbeck, and L.E. Hulbert. 2017. Effect of milk replacer feeding amount, age at weaning, and method of reducing milk replacer to wean on digestion, performance, rumination, and activity in dairy calves to 4 months of age. J. Dairy Sci. 101: 268-278. dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13692

Hill, T.M., F.X. Suarez-Mena, W. Hu, T.S. Dennis, R.L. Schlotterbeck, and L.E Hulbert. 2017. Technical note: Evaluation of an ear-attached movement sensor to record rumination, eating, and activity behaviors in one-month old calves. Profess. Anim. Sci: 33:743-747 dx.doi.org/10.15232/pas.2017-01623

Horback, K. M., & Parsons, T. D. (2018) Ontogeny of behavioral traits in commercial sows. Animal, 1-8.

Ison SH, Bates RO, Ernst CW, Steibel JP, Siegford JM*. 2018. Housing, ease of handling and minimising inter-pig aggression at mixing for nursery to finishing pigs as reported in a survey of North American pork producers. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 205:159-166. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2018.05.004

O’Malley CI, Wurtz KE, Steibel JP, Bates RO, Ernst CW, Siegford JM*. 2018. Relationships among aggressiveness, fearfulness and human-interactions in finisher pigs. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 205:194-201. doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2018.03.001

Riddle ER, Ali ABA, Campbell DLM, Siegford JM. 2018. Space use by 4 strains of laying hens to perch, wing flap, dust bathe, stand and lie down. PLoS ONE. 13(1): e0190532. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0190532

Scanavez, A.L.A., B. Fragomeni, L. Rocha, B.E. Voelz, L.E. Hulbert and L.G.D. Mendonça. 2017. Association of Vaginal Temperature during the Dry Period and Performance in the Subsequent Lactation of Heat-Stressed Dairy Cows. J. Anim. Sci. 95:5208-5217. doi.org/10.2527/jas2017.1620

Schütz, KE, Rajapaksha, E, Mintline, EM, Cox, N, Tucker, CB. (2018) Stepping behavior and muscle activity of dairy cattle standing on concrete or rubber flooring for 1 or 3 hours. J Dairy Sci, 101: 9472-9482.

Toaff-Rosenstein, RL, Tucker, CB. (2018) The sickness response at and before clinical diagnosis of spontaneous bovine respiratory disease. Appl Anim Behav Sci, 201: 85-92.

Tucker, CB, Munksgaard, L, Mintline, EM, Jensen MB. (2018) Use of a pneumatic push gate to measure dairy cattle motivation to lie down in a deep-bedded area. Appl Anim Behav Sci, 201: 15-24.

Van Os, JM, Mintline, EM, DeVries, T, Tucker, CB. (2018) Domestic cattle (Bos taurus taurus) are motivated to obtain forage and demonstrate contrafreeloading. PLOS One, 13: e0193109

Van Os, JMC, Winckler, C, Trieb, J, Matarazzo, SV, Lehenbauer, TW, Champagne, JD, & Tucker, CB. (2018) Reliability of sampling strategies for measuring dairy cattle welfare on commercial farms. J Dairy Sci, 101: 1495-1504.

Voelz, B.E., C.E. Payne, L. Hulbert, J.S. Stevenson, M. Brouk, L.G.D. Mendonça.  2017. Kansas Dairy Producers' Needs Survey: Reproductive Management on Kansas Dairy Farms. J. Extension 55: 4RIB6 https://www.joe.org/joe/2017august/rb6.php

Witaifi AA, Ali ABA, Siegford JM*. 2018. Stall and feed bunk stocking rates impact cows’ diurnal behavior and activity in automatic milking systems. Journal of Veterinary Behavior. 24:48-55. doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2018.01.004

Scientific Presentations

Adcock SJJ, Tucker CB. (2018) The effect of age on pain sensitivity during burn wound healing in dairy calves. Pain in Animals Workshop, Washington DC.

Adcock SJJ, Tucker CB. (2018) Do dairy calves experience ongoing, non-evoked pain after disbudding? 52nd International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Charlottetown, Canada.

Ali ABA, Toscano MJ, Siegford JM. 2018. Enriching floor pens mitigates the effects of extended pullet housing on subsequent resource use and activity of individual laying hens in an aviary system. Proceedings of the 52nd Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology. 52:172. (oral presentation)

Ali AB, Campbell DLM, Karcher DM, Siegford JM. 2018. Health, production, and resource use by laying hens in an aviary: A risk assessment. Poultry Science 97(E-Supplement 1):74. (oral presentation)

Coffin, M.J., R. Manjarin, J.M. Mumm, E.M. Bortoluzzi, L.A. Ruiz, M. Tommerdahl, J.K. Holden, T. Walilko, L. Zai and L.E. Hulbert.  2018. Side Bias and Time of Day Influenced Cognition after Minipigs were Conditioned Using a Novel Tactile Stimulation Device. ASAS 2018 Midwest Meeting Abstract # 477: doi.org/10.1093/jas/sky073.474

Dennis, R.L. 2018. Effects of UV light provision on broiler chickens’ feeding behavior, fear response and lighting preferences. International Production and Processing Expo, Atlanta, GA. January 2018.

Dennis, R.L., Mengers, J. 2018. Early microbiomal programming of poultry behavior and well-being. Poultry Science Meeting. July 2018.

Garcia, M., S. R. Montgomery, L. E. Hulbert, and B. J. Bradford. 2017. First-lactation performance of Holstein cows fed milk replacer or pasteurized or raw non-saleable milk as preweaning heifers. J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 100, Suppl. 2:305.

Goering, M.J., J.M. Mumm, M.J. Coffin, E.M. Bortoluzzi, L.A. Ruiz, and L.E. Hulbert. Low-Stress Sampling and Cortisol Concentrations in Periparturient Sows. J. Anim. Sci. 96: doi.org/10.1093/jas/sky073.474

Hernandez, G.V., R. Manjarín, Y. Luo, A.N. Schmitz, P.J. VandeVord, E.M. Fievisohn, and L.E. Hulbert. 2017. A Commercially-Available Activity Monitor Attached to the Ear Tag Detects Swine Oral-Nasal-Facial Behaviors. ASAS 2017 Midwest Meeting Abstract # 19970.

MacLachlan SS, Ali AB, Toscano MJ, Siegford JM. 2018. Enriching floor pens mitigates effects of extended pullet housing on subsequent distribution of laying hens in an aviary.Proceedings of the 52nd Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology. 52:171. (oral presentation)

MacLachlan SS, Ali ABA, Stratmann A, Toscano MJ, Siegford JM. 2018. Prevalence of keel bone damage in laying hens can be influenced by using ramps in pullet rearing and laying hen aviaries. Poultry Science 97(E-Supplement 1):45. (oral presentation)

Mumm, J.M., E.M. Bortoluzzi, M.J. Coffin, L.A. Ruiz, M.J. Goering, D.T.  Medin, M.S. Rooda, and L.E. Hulbert. 2018. Sow behavior, heart rate, and cortisol responses to a novel piglet crushing prevention technology to reduce pre-weaning mortality. J Anim. Sci. Vol. 102, Suppl. 2

Mumm, J.M., M.J. Coffin, L.A. Ruiz, S.R. Greenway, M.J. Goering, L. Zai, T. Walilko, and L.E. Hulbert. Mature Minipigs Seek Novelty. J. Anim. Sci. 96: 8. doi.org/10.1093/jas/sky073.013

Murillo, A., A. Abdoli, R. Blatchford, & A. Gerry. Using On-Animal Sensors to Assess Northern Fowl Mite Effects on Poultry Behavior and Welfare. Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting, Vancouver, Canada 11-14 November 2018.

Norring M, Mintline EM, Tucker CB. (2018)The age of surgical castration affects the healing process in beef calves. Nordic regional meeting of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Helsinki, Finland.

Pullin, A.N., M. Temple, D.C. Bennett, R.A. Blatchford and M.M. Makagon. 2018. The effect of rearing environment on laying hen keel bone impacts sustained in enriched colony cages. Presented at the Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology,  Prince Edward Island, Canada.Roche, L., Creamer, M., Horback, K., & Saitone, T. (2018) Optimizing Cattle Distribution: Effectiveness of Invasive and Noninvasive Management Strategies on Extensive Grazed Landscapes. CCA

Schiller, K.M., Doyle, S., & Horback, K.M. (2018) Behavioral and Physiological Measurements of Stress in the Ewe. Poster presented at the Sheep Industry Innovators Conference, University of California, Davis.

Schütz KE, Rajapaksha, E, Mintline EM, Cox NR, Tucker CB. (2018) Stepping behavior and muscle activity of dairy cattle standing on concrete or rubber flooring for 1 or 3 hours. 52nd International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Charlottetown, Canada.

Stratmann A, Guggisberg D, Siegford J, Toscano M. Accepted. Providing ramps during rearing improves bone strength in laying hen pullets. XV European Poultry Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, September 17-21, 2018. (oral presentation)

Suarez-Mena, F.X.  T.S. Dennis, T.M. Hill, W. Hu, J.D. Quigley, R.L. Schlotterbeck, R. Klopp, G.J. Lascano, and L.E. Hulbert. 2018. Effect of milk replacer feeding program on calf performance and digestion. J. Dairy Sci. Abstract # T143.

Suarez-Mena, F.X.  T.S. Dennis, T.M. Hill, W. Hu, J.D. Quigley, R.L. Schlotterbeck, R. Klopp, G.J. Lascano, and L.E. Hulbert. 2018. Effect of previous milk replacer feeding program on calf performance and digestion from 2 to 4 mo of age. J. Dairy Sci. Abstract# T144.

Tracy, L., M. temple, D.C. Bennett, K. Sprayberry, M.M. Makagon and R.A. Blatchford. 2018. The reliability of palpation, x-ray, and ultrasound techniques for the detection of keel bone damage. Presented at the Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Prince Edward Island, Canada.

Tucker CB. (2018) Contemporary issues in animal agriculture: Animal welfare. Invited talk at America Society of Animal Science conference, Vancouver, Canada.

Tucker CB. (2018) Disbudding calves and training welfare auditors: updates from the UC Davis Center for Animal Welfare. Invited talk at Aarhus University, Foulum, Denmark.

Tucker CB. (2018) Disbudding calves and training welfare auditors: updates from the UC Davis Center for Animal Welfare. Invited talk at AgResearch, Hamilton, New Zealand.

Walilko, T., J. Bailes,  P. VanderVord, L. Hubert, L. Zai,  J. Duckworth. 2018. The Development of Risk Curves for Blast-Related Neurological Deficits. Military Health System Research Symposium MHSRS  18-1879: 87.

Walilko, T., P. VandeVord, L.E. Hulbert, E. Fievisohn, L. Zai. 2017. Establishing a neurological injury threshold using a blast overpressure model in minipigs. Military Health System Research Symposium. (MSHSR)

Outreach

Abdelfattah, E., & Makagon, M.M. (2018) Duck welfare assessment: A comparison of methods. Presented at the Maple Leaf Farms, Inc. Annual Duck Research Workshop, Leesburg, IN

Adcock SJJ, Tucker CB. (2018). The effect of disbudding age on healing and pain sensitivity in dairy calves. 2018 Dairy Cattle Welfare Symposium, Scottsdale, AZ.

Adcock SJJ, Tucker CB, Mueller M, Van Eenennaam A. (2018). Animal welfare and dehorning dairy cattle: a gene editing solution. Picnic Day Public Event, Davis, CA.

Adcock SJJ, Tucker CB. (2018) New research shows calves experience pain for 9 weeks after disbudding. Progressive Dairyman. https://www.progressivedairy.com/topics/calves-heifers/new-research-shows-calves-experience-pain-for-9-weeks-after-disbudding

Makagon, M.M. (2018) Variations in the rearing environment and the relationship with keel bone damage. Presented at the COST KeelBoneDamage Management Committee and Research Coordination Meetings, Bratislava, Slovakia

Pullin, A., Temple, M., Bennett, D.C., Blatchford, R.A., & Makagon, M.M. (2018) Impacts of rearing environment on laying hen bone impacts sustained in enriched cology cages. Presented at the Pacific Egg and Poultry Association Meeting, Napa, CA.

Schiller, K.M., & Horback, K.M. (2018) Low stress handling & selection for good temperament can improve productivity and animal welfare. Presented at the Shepherd Skills Workshop Series; Preparing Sheep for Breeding, Auburn California.

Schiller, K.M., & Horback, K.M. (2018) Tactics for Low Stress Handing in Livestock Species. Presented at the Shepherd Skills Workshop Series; Grazing School, Auburn California.

Tucker CB. (2018). Animal welfare: beyond health and injury. Invited talk at the International Beef Cattle Welfare Symposium, Calgary, Canada.

Tucker CB. (2018). Illness behavior and BRD. Invited talk at University of Calgary Veterinary Medicine Beef Cattle Conference, Calgary, Canada.

Tucker CB, Walker J. (2018). Dairy Welfare Auditor Training. January 2018 PAACO Dairy Welfare Auditor Training, Escalon, CA.

Tucker CB, Walker J. (2018). Dairy Welfare Auditor Training. October 2018 PAACO Dairy Welfare Auditor Training, Escalon, CA.

Tucker CB, Mench JA. (2018) C-series Animal Welfare Training. June 2018 PAACO Corporate training for layers and dairy welfare, Hilmar, CA.

Tucker CB. (2018). Costs and benefits of dairy cattle welfare for producers and society. Invited talk at 2018 Dairy Cattle Welfare Symposium, Scottsdale, AZ.

Tucker CB, Drwencke AM. (2018) Judge and Jersey: the science of dairy cattle welfare. Daylong workshop for Osher Lifelong Learning Institute, UC Davis Continuing and Professional Education, Davis, CA.

Tucker CB. (2018) Animal welfare and society: market-driven change. Invited talk to Saskatchewan Veterinary Medical Association, Saskatoon, Canada.

Tucker CB. (2018) Assessing and improving welfare in cow-calf systems. Invited talk to Saskatchewan Veterinary Medical Association, Saskatoon, Canada.

Tucker CB. (2018) Pain sensitivity and healing of hot-iron brands in cattle. Invited talk to Saskatchewan Veterinary Medical Association, Saskatoon, Canada.

Reports

Croney C, Mench J, Muir W, Anthony R, Golab G, Hofacre C, Hulet M, Johnson AK, Lusk J, Olynk Widmar N, Schinkel A, Shearer J, Swanson J, Varner G, Vizzier Thaxton Y. 2018. Scientific ethical and economic aspects of farm animal welfare. CAST Report R143. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology, Ames, IA.

Book Chapter

Adcock SJ, Tucker CB, (2018) Painful procedures: when and what should we be measuring in cattle? Advances in Cattle Welfare. Tucker, CB, (ed), Elsevier, Duxford, UK.

Horback K., Parsons T. (2018) Swine Life History. In: Vonk J., and Shackelford T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior. Springer, Champange, IL

Swanson JC, Chapin LT, Hankenson FC, 2018. Agricultural animals. In: Management of Animal Care and Use Programs in Research, Education, and Testing. 2nd  Edition. Eds: Weichbrod RH, Thompson GA, Norton JN. CRC Press, New York, NY.

Books

Advances in Cattle Welfare, (2018) Tucker, CB, (ed), Elsevier, Duxf

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