Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

The Annual Meeting of WERA 1021 was held on September 29, 2016 (5-8pm) in Orange County Convention Center, 5441 International Drive, Orlando, FL 32819 (In conjunction with XXV International Congress of Entomology). The Annual Meeting was organized by Ash Sial, University of Georgia (Chair, WERA 1021). Here is a copy of the meeting agenda: 

5:00pm                               Meeting begins in Room # W231A at 5pm

5:00-5:30pm                      State Reports will be presented on posters displayed in front of the meeting room (Refreshments)

5:30-5:45pm                      Update on SWD SCRI Grant (Hannah Burrack, NC State)

5:45-6:00pm                      Update on SWD OREI Grant (Ash Sial, UGA)

6:00-6:30pm                      Update on SWD Genetic Control (Max Scott, NC State)

6:30-7:00pm                      Genetic Control of Pest Insects (Luke Alphey, The Pirbright Institute, United Kingdom)

7:00-8:00pm                      Discussion on WERA1021 objectives and future planning 

The meeting began with a mixer where state reports were presented as posters and/or written documents. The state reports were presented by AR, FL, GA, MD, MI, NC, NY, VA, and WI. In addition to the state reports, a survey on use of advanced technology (i.e. genetic pest management) was conducted at the meeting by inviting feedback of attendees on potential benefits and risks associated with using genetic techniques to control SWD.

After the state reports, updates were presented on research and Extension activities conducted over the last year under two multi-regional projects funded by USDA NIFA through Specialty Crop Research Initiative (SCRI) and USDA NIFA Organic Agriculture Research and Extension Initiative (OREI).

Based on the interest of WERA 1021 members, two featured presentations focusing on use of genetic techniques to control SWD were organized at the meeting. Max Scott was the first featured speaker to update WERA1021 members on research his lab has conducted to develop genetic control techniques for SWD as part of SCRI grant. The featured presentation was delivered by Luke Alphey (The Pirbright Institute, United Kingdom). Dr. Alphey shared his extensive experiences of developing genetic control strategies for other insect pests of crops and vectors of human diseases and offered thoughts on potential directions for SWD genetic control based on biology and ecology of this species highlighting both challenges as well as opportunities.

At the end, we had open discussion on research currently being done on biology and ecology of SWD. Several attendees offered their feedback and suggestions for the potential future projects for labs involved in SCRI and OREI grants.

At the end, Ash Sial (University of Georgia) handed the gavel of Chair of WERA 1021 to Kelly Hamby (University of Maryland) and based on nominations from the floor Justin Renkema (University of Florida). The meeting was adjourned at 8pm.  

Extensive research and extension work has been conducted during 2016 to better understand biology and ecology of SWD and improve management programs. The majority of SWD related research was conducted in labs involved in multi-regional grants funded through USDA SCRI (Award No. 2015-51181-24252 (09/2015 – 08/2019) and OREI (Award No. 2015-51300-24154 (09/2015 – 08/2018). The USDA NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative grant includes PIs from 11 institutions in 10 states and Hannah Burrack (North Carolina State University) serves as Project Director. The specific activities for this project during 2016 include: 

Assessing stakeholder impacts and current management practices: We surveyed a total of 333 growers of SWD host crops during spring 2016 and will collect additional survey data starting in fall 2016. Survey results are being analyzed. We monitored adult SWD in traps and larval infestations in fruit at 6 blueberry and 5 blackberry farms. Adult trap captures were summarized weekly at https://entomology.ces.ncsu.edu/tags/scouting-reports/We will obtain spray records from cooperating growers to relate monitoring data to pest management practices (LD).

Developing tools that predict damage risk: We participated in a comparison of novel trap attractants along with sites in ME, MI, NJ, NY, IN, and OR (LDR).
 
Identifying and quantifying naturally occurring parasitoids attacking SWD: We used traps baited with immature SWD to monitor parasitoid activity at three locations during the summer of 2015. This work will be replicated in following years (YZ).
 
Determine ability of post harvest sorting equipment and handling to reduce SWD infestation: We have conducted preliminary experiments to determine the ability of blueberry optical and soft sorting equipment to remove fruit infested with larvae of different ages (MA). We have measured development rates and survival of immature SWD within artificial diet, blueberries, and raspberries exposed to potential post harvest storage temperatures over a range of time periods (Aly et al. submitted).
 
Assess the risk of potential genetic control tactics: We are preparing to conduct a risk assessment of potential SWD genetic pest management (GPM) strategies (JE, Poster SD1733). 

The USDA NIFA Organic Agriculture Research and Extension Initiative grant includes PIs from 10 Land-grant Universities and USDA from 11 states and Ashfaq Sial (University of Georgia) serves as Project Director. Here is a summary of major research accomplishments under this project: 

Studies conducted in WI, MI, FL, OR, and GA to evaluate currently available lures alone and in combination showed that the Yeast-Sugar-Solution +Scentry lure catches more SWD flies than other baits. However, the same bait also caught the highest number of non-target insects which indicates lack of specificity to SWD. Other studies indicate that starved SWD given water only were much more likely to get trapped almost immediately at 10 min and over 4 hours than sugar-fed or diet + sugar-fed SWD.  This suggests that SWD in search of food are more attracted to such monitoring traps. 

Studies conducted to determine dispersal of SWD among crops and non-crop hosts indicate that SWD flight activity is crepuscular and the majority of fly activity during peak hours of dawn and dusk was concentrated in areas around the border and within the blueberry orchard. Based on these findings, we believe that growers can significantly improve effectiveness of organic insecticides against SWD by making spray applications at dawn and dusk. 

Berries from a number of wild species commonly occurring in wooded areas around blueberry orchards in GA were evaluated to determine their susceptibility to SWD. Of the 18 species tested, blackberry spp., deerberry, hillside blueberry, common pokeweed, beautyberry, elderberry, evergreen blueberry, and large gallberry proved to be viable hosts of SWD. Based on these and other studies, we have developed a list of potential hosts of SWD worldwide which has been made available to all stakeholders through eOrganic website http://eorganic.info/spottedwingorganic. 

Studies were conducted in MI and WV to evaluate effectiveness of organic insecticides in attract-and-kill devices. Multiple organic insecticides were identified that effectively kill SWD in attracticidal spheres, however, acceptable mortality levels were not observed with organic insecticides in attract-and-kill pouches. 

Studies were conducted in GA, MD, MN, NC and OR to evaluate impact of various pruning regimes on susceptibility of berries to SWD. Three pruning regimes including light (25% less than grower standard), medium (grower standard), and heavy (25% more than grower standard) pruning were evaluated. Results in blueberries show that temperature in the middle of the canopy and light penetration were significantly higher whereas percent pupation and adult eclosion were significantly lower in bushes with heavy pruning than those with light pruning. 

Studies conducted to determine pupation sites and effect of different mulching practices (MD: fabric and woodchip, GA: pine bark, weed mat and bare ground) on SWD survivorship show that 82-93% of SWD would pupate in the soil.  Pupation occurred mainly on the soil regardless of the percent of infested fruit in a cluster that stayed hanging versus dropped to the ground.  This indicates that the larvae mainly drop out of the fruit to pupate. Results of the mulching trials show that mulch temperature exceeded the upper developmental threshold for SWD at the mulch surface more often than below the mulch across both mulch types evaluated in MD. A 100% mortality was observed when fully mature SWD larvae were deployed in the field on different mulches in GA. However, a very low percentage of larvae successfully pupated in MD studies. None of the larvae survived to successful adult emergence when infested berries were placed above and below the mulch treatments. These results indicate that canopy and orchard floor management practices can have significant impact on SWD survivorship in the field. 

Studies conducted in AR and MN to evaluate impact of 80g insect netting on SWD infestations in primocane-fruiting blackberries in high tunnels and mini tunnels showed that fruit infestations with SWD were significantly lower inside the screened tunnels as compared to those outside. However, temperature inside the tunnels was ~5°F higher than the outside. Further studies will be conducted during Year 2 and 3 to determine impact of this increased temperature on fruit yield and quality. 

Studies were conducted in FL, GA, MI, MN and OR to determine effectiveness of several organically approved insecticides including Entrust, Pyganic, Venerate, Azera, Oxidate, Jet-Ag, AzaGuard, and Grandevo alone and in combination with adjuvants (NuFlim P and OroBoost) and phagostimulants (sugar and yeast). Entrust was the most effective organic insecticide in all states. Efficacy of other products was variable. In FL, significantly lower berry infestations were observed in Oxidate and Pyganic treatments as compared to other materials whereas Venerate, Grandevo, Oxidate, and Azera provided significantly higher SWD adult mortality than the untreated control in GA trial. Residual efficacy of all insecticides dropped significantly at 3 days after treatment (DAT). The NuFilm P resulted in significantly higher SWD adult mortality when mixed with Entrust whereas a combination of sugar and yeast resulted in higher mortality with Garndevo in semi-field bioassays conducted at 0 DAT. However, this increase in mortality was not observed at 3 or 7 DAT. 

Another project funded by USDA Southern Region IPM Center concluded its activities in 2016. This project was lead by Hannah Burrack (North Carolina State University) and Ashfaq Sial (University of Georgia). Activities accomplished under this project included: Comparing fly trap captures, fruit infestation, and pesticide programs. 

The other projects related to SWD biology, ecology, and management investigated infestation timing, fly diurnal and seasonal activity, density dependent egg laying behavior, non-crop host preference and performance, and impact of ultra-low magnetic field on growth and development of SWD. 

Findings of all of these projects have been disseminated to growers and other stakeholders through numerous research and extension presentations, publications, blogs, and websites. 

Here is the list of research and extension outputs related to SWD biology, ecology, and management: 

1. Diepenbrock, L.M., D.O. Rosensetell, A. Sial, J.A. Hardin, and H.J. Burrack. 2015. Season-long programs for control of Drosophila suzukii in southeastern U.S. blueberries. Crop Protection. 81: 76-84.
2. Aly, M.F.K., D.A. Kraus, and H.J. Burrack. Submitted. Effects of post-harvest cold storage on the development and survival of immature Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) in artificial diet and fruit. Journal of Economic Entomology.
3. Diepenbrock, L.M. and H.J. Burrack. 2016. Variation of within-microhabitat use by Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blackberry. Journal of Applied Entomology. DOI: 10.1111/jen.12335
4. Diepenbrock, L.M., K.A. Swoboda-Bhattarai, and H.J. Burrack. 2016. Oviposition preference, fidelity, and fitness of Drosophila suzukii in a co-occurring crop and non-crop host system. Journal of Pest Science. 10.1007/s10340-016-0764-5
5. Woltz, J.M, J.C. Lee. Pupation behavior and larval and pupal biocontrol of Drosophila suzukii in the field. Biological Control, submitted June 2016.
6. Lee JC, Sial A (2016) Reference list of fruits with Drosophila suzukii. <http://eorganic.info/spottedwingorganic/resources>. Updated April 6, 2016.
7. Lee JC, Sial A (2016) Fruits that have supported spotted wing drosophila.
8. <http://eorganic.info/spottedwingorganic/resources>. Updated April 6, 2016.
9. Rice, K.B., B.D. Short, and T.C. Leskey. 2016. Development of an attract-and-kill strategy for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae): evaluation of attracticidal spheres under laboratory and field conditions. (submit to Pest management Science September 2016) 
10. Rice, K.B. B.D. Short, S.K. Jones, and T.C. Leskey. 2015. Foraging Ecology of Spotted Wing Drosophila. Entomological Society of America National Meeting, Minneapolis, MN
11. Rice, K.B., S.K. Jones, and T.C. Leskey. 2015. Foraging behavior of spotted wing drosophila. Cumberland Shenandoah Fruit Worker Conference, Winchester, VA
12. Rice, K.B, B.D. Short, S.K. Jones and T.C. Leskey. 2016. Invasive spotted wing drosophila “picks” the low hanging fruit: infestation rates, mark-release recapture, and field cage studies in raspberry. Entomological Society of America Eastern Branch Meeting, Philadelphia, PA.
13. Rice, K.B. and T.C. Leskey. 2016. Spotted wing drosophila: Foraging Ecology and attract-and-kill. New Hampshire tree fruit twilight meeting. Lebanon, NH
14. Rice, K.B. and T.C. Leskey. 2015. Invasive spotted wing drosophila. Appalachian Fruit Research Station Apple Harvest Tour. Oral Presentation, October 15, 2015 Kearneysville, WV.
15. Rice, K.B. and T.C. Leskey. 2016. Spotted wing drosophila management. Hagerstown Community College Biological education Program, Oral Presentation, June 21, 2016, Kearneysville, WV.
16. Raspberry Pruning, 4 May 2016. eOrganic Organic Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila website, http://eorganic.info/node/12848 .
17. Mulching Study in Minnesota, 29 July 2016. eOrganic Organic Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila website, http://eorganic.info/node/12848 .
18. Spray Trial in Minnesota, 24 August 2016. eOrganic Organic Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila website, http://eorganic.info/node/12848.
19. Organic Management of SWD, Andrew Petran*, 9 August 2016. Presentation and field trip given to traveling Bosnian researchers funded on the Cochran Fellowship Program.
20. The Spotted Wing Drosophila: Natural History, Control, and Mitigation in Small Fruits”. Heidi Anderson* and Aimee Talbot*, 3 Aug 2016. Presentation on organic control of SWD given to Master Gardeners within the Twin Cities region.
21. Rogers, M. Extension Educator Training, UMN, St. Paul, MN. 19 April 2016. SWD biology & management.
22. Organic Farm Field Day, UMN, St. Paul MN, 27 July 2016. Oral presentation given near exclusion trial plots.
23. Hamby, K. A., Bellamy, D. E., Chiu, J. C., Lee, J. C., Walton, V. M., Wiman, N. G. and Biondi, A. 2016. Biotic and abiotic factors impacting development, behavior, phenology, and reproductive biology of Drosophila suzukii. J Pest Sci, 1-15.
24. Tochen S., Vaughn M. Walton and Jana C. Lee 2016. Impact of floral feeding on adult Drosophila suzukii survival and nutrient status. J Pest Sci DOI: 10.1007/s10340-016-0762-7.
25. Wiman N. G., Gianfranco Anfora, Antonio Biondi, Joanna C. Chiu, Kent M. Daane, Daniel T. Dalton, Beverly Gerdeman, Angela Gottardello, Kelly A. Hamby, Rufus Isaacs, Alberto Grassi, Claudio Ioriatti, Jana C. Lee, Betsey Miller, M. Valerio Rossi Stacconi, Peter W. Shearer, Lynell Tanigoshi, Xingeng Wang and V. M. Walton 2016. Drosophila suzukii population response to the environment and management strategies. J Pest Sci DOI: 10.1007/s10340-016-0757-4.
26. Shearer P. W., West J., Walton V.M., Brown P., Svetec N., and Chiu, J. 2016. Environmental cues enhance winter survival of Drosophila suzukii. BMC Ecology, 16:11. DOI: 10.1186/s12898-016-0070-3.
27. Wang XG, Stewart TG, Biondi A, Chavez BM, Ingels C, Caprile JA, Grant J, Walton VM, and Daane KM 2016. Population dynamics and ecology of Drosophila suzukii in Central California. J Pest Sci DOI: 10.1007/s10340-016-0747-6.
28. Daane KM, Xin-Geng Wang, Antonio Biondi, Betsey Miller, Jeffrey C. Miller, Helmut Riedl, Peter W. Shearer, Emilio Guerrieri, Massimo Giorgini, Matthew Buffington, Kees van Achterberg, Yoohan Song, Taegun Kang, Hoonbok Yi, Chuleui Jung, Dong Woon Lee,Bu-Keun Chung, Kim A. Hoelmer, and Vaughn M. Walton 2016. First exploration of parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii in South Korea as potential classical biological agents. J. Pest Sci. DOI 10.1007/s10340-016-0740-0
29. Miller B, Anfora G, Buffington M, Daane KM, Dalton DT, Hoelmer KM, Stacconi MV, Grassi A, Ioriatti C, Loni A, Miller JC, M’bark Quantar, X. Wang, Nik G. Wiman, and Vaughn M. Walton 2015. Seasonal occurrence of resident parasitoids associated with Drosophila suzukii in two small fruit production regions of Italy and the USA. Bull Insectology 68(2): 255- 63.
30. Lee, Jana C., Daniel T. Dalton, Katharine A. Swoboda-Bhattarai, Denny J. Bruck, Hannah J. Burrack, Bernadine C. Strik,J. Megan Woltz, and Vaughn M. Walton 2015 Characterization and manipulation of fruit susceptibility to Drosophila suzukii. J. Pest Sci. 10.1007/s10340-015-0692-9.
31. Asplen M.K., Gianfranco Anfora, Antonio Biondi, Deuk-Soo Choi, Dong Chu, Kent M Daane, Patricia Gibert, Andrew P Gutierrez, Kim A Hoelmer, William D Hutchison, Rufus Isaacs, Zhi-Lin Jiang, Zsolt Kárpáti, Masahito T Kimura, Marta Pascual, Christopher R Philips, Christophe Plantamp, Luigi Ponti, Gábor Vétek, Heidrun Vogt, Vaughn M Walton, Yi Yu, Lucia Zappalà, and Nicolas Desneux 2015. Invasion biology of spotted wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii): a global perspective and future priorities. J. Pest Sci. 88: 469-494.
32. Tochen S, Woltz JM, Dalton DT, Lee JC, Wiman NG, and Walton VM 2015. Humidity affects populations of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberry. J. Appl. Entomol.. doi: 10.1111/jen.12247. 
33. Klick J, Yang W, Walton V, Dalton D, Hagler J, Dreves A, Lee J, and Bruck D. 2015. Distribution and movement of Drosophila suzukii into fruiting raspberry. J. of Appl. Entomol. 10: 2014-0311.
34. Addison P., Walton V.M. and Mitchell K., 2015. New Fruit Pest? WineLand Technical, 2015 http://www.wineland.co.za/technical/new-fruit-pest.
35. Pscheidt J. W., Peachey E. and V. Walton 2015. Apple 2015 Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley. Oregon State University Extension Service, EM 8418. 
36. Skinkis P., Pscheidt J., Walton V.M., Dreves A.J. , Peachey E., Allen N., and J. Sanchez. 2007-2016. Pest Management Guide for Wine Grapes in Oregon. OSU Extension Service EM8413E.
37. Walton V. M. Blueberry Field day, NWREC, Aurora, July 6, 2016 (100 attendees)
38. Waton, V. M., Wasco County Pre-Harvest day for cherry, The Dalles, May 31, 2016 (80 attendees)
39. Walton V. M., OWRI field scouting workshop, Milton-Freewater, Oregon, May 4, 2016 (50 attendees).
40. Walton V. M., Spotted Wing Drosophila management, Wasco County cherry breakfast growers meeting, The Dalles, Oregon, April 29, 2016 (60 attendees).
41. Walton V. M., Improved Spray Technologies for SWD. Oregon Blueberry Conference, Portland Oregon, January 25, 2016 (200 attendees)
42. Walton V. M., Managing Red Blotch, Spotted Wing Drosophila and Brown Marmorated Stink bug, Blue Mountain Horticultural Society, February 10, 2016 (35 attendees)
43. Walton V. M., Managing invasive insects in tree crops and small fruit, Roseburg, Oregon, October 5, 2015 (35 attendees)
44. PMSP workshop for Oregon Wine Industry, Portland, Oregon February 24, 2016. (30 attendees)
45. Spottedwing.org – averages 80,000 page views/year for past year.
46. Iglesias, L.E, J. F. Price, C. R. Roubos, J. M. Renkema, and O. E. Liburd. 2016. Spotted wing drosophila in Florida berry culture. Publication # ENY861. IFAS-EDIS Extension, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
47. Iglesias, L. E., T. W. Nyoike, and O. E. Liburd. 2015. Spotted wing drosophila: Drosophila suzukii. Publication # ENY885. IFAS-EDIS Extension, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. 
48. Liburd, O. E. 2015. Area-wide management needed for successful control of SWD. Summer ed. Blueberry News. 4: 3-4.
49. Liburd O. E. and L. E. Iglesias. 2016. Identification of biorational insecticides for managing spotted wing drosophila in organic blueberry production. XI International Vaccinium Symposium . April 10 -14; Orlando, Florida
50. Liburd, O. E., L. E. Iglesais, and T. W. Nyoike. 2015. Performance of various traps and baits for monitoring Drosophila suzukii in berry crops. November 17. Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting. Minneapolis, Minnesota (symposium presentation).
51. Iglesias, L., and O. E. Liburd. 2015. How blueberry attributes influence oviposition behavior of the invasive spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura). November 16. Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting. Minneapolis, Minnesota.
52. Iglesias, L. E, J. M. Razze, D. Harmon, O. Dosunmu, K. Patel, and O. E. Liburd. 2015. Florida State Report on the Spotted Wing Drosophila. WERA National Meeting on Spotted Wing Drosophila, November 17th. Minneapolis, Minnesota
53. Liburd. O. E. and L. E. Iglesias. Update on spotted wing drosophila. Fall Blueberry Short Course, Florida Blueberry Growers Association, Oct. 2015: Plant City, Florida.
54. Taylor, C.M. Mulching and Pruning Studies in MD. June 22, 2016 (blog, eOrganic Organic Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila Project Updates, http://eorganic.info/node/12848)
55. Taylor, C.M., and Hamby K.A.*. Spotted wing drosophila in small fruits. WREC Late Summer Horticultural Crops Twilight Tour, August 24, 2016 (~30 people, field day, Queenstown, MD)
56. Taylor, C.M., and Hamby K.A.*. Evaluating the effects of mulching practices in blueberries on spotted wing drosophila survival. WMREC Horticultural Twilight Meeting and Tour, August 18, 2016 (81 people, field day, Keedysville, MD)
57. K.A. Hamby. Spotted wing research updates. 2016 Maryland State Horticultural Society Summer Orchard Tour, July 13, 2016 (108 people, field day, Woodbine, MD)
58. Grant, J. A. and A. A. Sial. 2016. Potential of Muscadine Grapes as a Viable Host of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Blueberry-Producing Regions of the Southeastern United States. J. Econ. Entomol. 109(3): 1261-1266.
59. Little, E., Sial A. A. et al. 2016. Southeast Regional Organic Blueberry Pest Management Guide. The Southern Region Small Fruit Consortium. http://www.smallfruits.org/SmallFruitsRegGuide/Guides/2016/2016BlueberrySprayGuide_organic.pdf
60. Sial, A. A. 2016. Grower Handouts for – 1) Identification of Spotted Wing Drosophila; 2) Spotted Wing Drosophila Lifecycle; 3) Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila in Blueberries; and 4) Monitoring Spotted Wing Drosophila Using Traps. Dixie-Blueberry News, Georgia Blueberry Growers Association Newsletter, 16(3): 36-39.
61. Sial, A. A. 2016. UGA Suggested Insecticide Regime for Spotted Wing Drosophila Control in Blueberries. Dixie-Blueberry News, Georgia Blueberry Growers Association Newsletter, 16(3): 32-33.
62. Sial, A. A. 2016. UGA Suggested Season-long Insecticide Rotational Programs for Spotted Wing Drosophila Control in Blueberries. Dixie-Blueberry News, Georgia Blueberry Growers Association Newsletter, 16(3): 30.
63. Sial, A. A. 2016. Spotted Wing Drosophila: Identification, Monitoring and Management in Georgia Blueberries. Dixie- Blueberry News, Georgia Blueberry Growers Association Newsletter, 16(3): 22-27.
64. Sial, A. A. 2016. Free Integrated Pest Management App for Blueberries – MyIPM-SEP. Dixie-Blueberry News, Georgia Blueberry Growers Association Newsletter, 16(2): 9.
65. Sial, A. A. 2016. Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD) Identification, Monitoring, and Management Handouts. UGA Blueberry blog, 27 April 2016. http://blog.caes.uga.edu/blueberry/2016/04/swd-handouts/
66. Sial, A. A. 2016. Insecticide Regime for SWD Control on Blueberries. UGA Blueberry blog, 27 April 2016. http://blog.caes.uga.edu/blueberry/2016/04/insecticide-regime-for-swd/
67. Sial, A. A. 2016. Spotted Wing Drosophila Identification, Monitoring, and Management in Georgia Blueberries. UGA Blueberry blog, 27 April 2016. http://blog.caes.uga.edu/blueberry/2016/04/spotted-wing-drosophila/
68. Sial, A. A. 2016. Blueberry Integrated Pest Management Field Day at Chambers Brothers Blueberry Farm, Clinch County, GA . April 5, 2016. (100 attendees) http://blog.caes.uga.edu/blueberry/2016/04/blueberry-integrated-pest-management- field-day-tuesday-april-5th/
69. Sial, A. A. 2016. Three radio segments on: 1) Blueberry production in Georgia; 2) Insect Pests as a Threat to Georgia Blueberries; and 3) Efforts and Leadership of UGA Blueberry Entomology Program to Combat Invasive Fly Pest at the National Level, were recorded to be aired at NPR - WUGA radio program “Classic City Science” May 25, 2016.
70. Sial, A. A. 2016. “SWD – How to stop a proliferate pest? (http://www.goodfruit.com/swd-how-to-stop-a-proliferate- pest/)Good Fruit Grower, May 24, 2016.
71. Sial, A. A. 2016. “Tiny Insect, Big Impact” UGA CAES Magazine, Southscapes, Spring 2016.
72. Sial, A. A. 2015. UGA Researcher Works to Eliminate Blueberry Pest. A TV Segment produced by Georgia Farm Monitor and aired on a network of thirteen stations across Georgia as well as nationally on the RFD-TV Network, Dec 12, 2015. Here is a YouTube link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C1T-3LNFWqQ
73. Sial, A. A. 2015. $2 million grant will help develop control for fruit ruining flies. Columns, UGA Newspaper, Nov 9, 2015.
74. Sial, A. A. 2015. Researchers to develop protection for blueberry crops. The Red&Black, Nov 2, 2015.
75. Sial, A. A. 2015. UGA to use $2 million grant to develop control for blueberry destroying fly. GeorgiaTrend DAILY, Oct 15, 2015.
76. Sial, A. A. 2015. UGA to use $2 million grant to develop control for blueberry destroying fly. UGA Today, Oct 15, 2015.
77. Grant, J. A. and A. A. Sial. Investigating wild flora for viable hosts of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in the Southeastern US. 80th Annual Meeting of Georgia Entomological Society, Pine Mountain, GA. 6-8 April 2016.
78. Evans, R. K. and A. A. Sial. Effect of abiotic factors on chronobiology of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). 80th Annual Meeting of Georgia Entomological Society, Pine Mountain, GA. 6-8 April 2016.
79. Sial, A. A. Spotted wing drosophila management in Georgia blueberries. 80th Annual Meeting of Georgia Entomological Society, Pine Mountain, GA. 6-8 April 2016.
80. Sial, A. A. Packaging science & technology to deliver sustainable IPM programs for an invasive pest, spotted wing drosophila. In symposium “Integrated Pest Management” at 90th Annual Meeting of Entomological Society of America Southeastern Branch, 13-16 March 2016, Raleigh, NC.
81. Sial, A. A. Spotted wing drosophila (SWD): A threat to small and stone fruit production. 2016 Blueberry Entomology Update. 2016 UGA Cooperative Extension Winter Conference, 12-14 Jan 2016, Rock Eagle, GA.
82. Lovett, W. E., A. A. Sial, J. L. Jacobs, B. K. Gautam, and B. A. Little. Impact of simulated rainfall on the effectiveness of insecticides against spotted wing drosophila in blueberries. 2016 UGA Cooperative Extension Winter Conference, 12-14 Jan 2016, Rock Eagle, GA.
83. Sial, A. A. Blueberry Entomology Update. 2016 Southeastern Regional Fruit and Vegetable Conference, Savannah International Trade & Convention Center, 7-10 Jan 2016, Savannah, GA.
84. Grant, J. A. and Sial, A. A. Investigating native flora as a potential source of spotted wing drosophila infestations in Georgia blueberries. 2016 Southeastern Regional Fruit and Vegetable Conference, Savannah International Trade & Convention Center, 7-10 Jan 2016, Savannah, GA.
85. Evans, R. K. and Sial, A. A. Effect of abiotic factors on biology, behavior, and reproduction in Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). 2016 Southeastern Regional Fruit and Vegetable Conference, Savannah International Trade & Convention Center, 7-10 Jan 2016, Savannah, GA.
86. Little, B. A. and Sial, A. A. Effect of spray solution pH on efficacy and residual activity of insecticides against Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). 2016 Southeastern Regional Fruit and Vegetable Conference, Savannah International Trade & Convention Center, 7-10 Jan 2016, Savannah, GA.
87. Gautam, B. K. and Sial, A. A. Effect of temperature on acute toxicity of insecticides to spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii. 2016 Southeastern Regional Fruit and Vegetable Conference, Savannah International Trade & Convention Center, 7-10 Jan 2016, Savannah, GA.
88. Sial, A. A. Biology and management of spotted wing drosophila: 2015 Research Update. Georgia Blueberry Growers Meeting – Annual Blueberry Update, 6 Jan 2016, Alma, GA.
89. Grant, J. A. and Sial, A. A. Investigating native flora as a potential source of spotted wing drosophila infestations in Georgia blueberries. Georgia Blueberry Growers Meeting – Annual Blueberry Update, 6 Jan 2016, Alma, GA.
90. Evans, R. K. and Sial, A. A. Effect of abiotic factors on biology, behavior, and reproduction in Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Georgia Blueberry Growers Meeting – Annual Blueberry Update, 6 Jan 2016, Alma, GA.
91. Little, B. A. and Sial, A. A. Effect of spray solution pH on efficacy and residual activity of insecticides against Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Georgia Blueberry Growers Meeting – Annual Blueberry Update, 6 Jan 2016, Alma, GA.
92. Gautam, B. K. and Sial, A. A. Effect of temperature on acute toxicity of insecticides to spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii. Georgia Blueberry Growers Meeting – Annual Blueberry Update, 6 Jan 2016, Alma, GA.
93. Sial, A. A. 2015 Georgia state update on biology and management of of spotted wing drosophila. The 63rd Annual Meeting of the ESA, 15-18 November 2015, Minneapolis, MN.
94. Sial, A. A. Issues surrounding management of spotted wing drosophila in southeastern United States. The 63rd Annual Meeting of the ESA, 15-18 November 2015, Minneapolis, MN.
95. Rosensteel, D. O. and Sial, A. A. Comparing the efficacy of season-long chemically based management strategies for Drosophila suzukii in southeastern blueberry crops. The 63rd Annual Meeting of the ESA, 15-18 November 2015, Minneapolis, MN.
96. Mishra, M, J. Chiu, G. Hua, M. J. Adang, and A. A. Sial. Next generation sequencing as a tool to proactively assess the risk of insecticide resistance in Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). The 63rd Annual Meeting of the ESA, 15-18 November 2015, Minneapolis, MN.

1. Diepenbrock, L.M., D.O. Rosensetell, A. Sial, J.A. Hardin, and H.J. Burrack. 2015. Season-long programs for control of Drosophila suzukii in southeastern U.S. blueberries. Crop Protection. 81: 76-84. 
2. Aly, M.F.K., D.A. Kraus, and H.J. Burrack. Submitted. Effects of post-harvest cold storage on the development and survival of immature Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) in artificial diet and fruit. Journal of Economic Entomology. 
3. Diepenbrock, L.M. and H.J. Burrack. 2016. Variation of within-microhabitat use by Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blackberry. Journal of Applied Entomology. DOI: 10.1111/jen.12335 
4. Diepenbrock, L.M., K.A. Swoboda-Bhattarai, and H.J. Burrack. 2016. Oviposition preference, fidelity, and fitness of Drosophila suzukii in a co-occurring crop and non-crop host system. Journal of Pest Science. 10.1007/s10340-016-0764-5 
5. Woltz, J.M, J.C. Lee. Pupation behavior and larval and pupal biocontrol of Drosophila suzukii in the field. Biological Control, submitted June 2016. 
6. Lee JC, Sial A (2016) Reference list of fruits with Drosophila suzukii. <http://eorganic.info/spottedwingorganic/resources>. Updated April 6, 2016.
7. Lee JC, Sial A (2016) Fruits that have supported spotted wing drosophila. <http://eorganic.info/spottedwingorganic/resources>. Updated April 6, 2016.
8. Rice, K.B., B.D. Short, and T.C. Leskey. 2016. Development of an attract-and-kill strategy for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae): evaluation of attracticidal spheres under laboratory and field conditions. (submit to Pest management Science September 2016)
9. Raspberry Pruning, 4 May 2016. eOrganic Organic Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila website, http://eorganic.info/node/12848 . 
10. Mulching Study in Minnesota, 29 July 2016. eOrganic Organic Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila website, http://eorganic.info/node/12848. 
11. Spray Trial in Minnesota, 24 August 2016. eOrganic Organic Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila website, http://eorganic.info/node/12848. 
12. Hamby, K. A., Bellamy, D. E., Chiu, J. C., Lee, J. C., Walton, V. M., Wiman, N. G. and Biondi, A. 2016. Biotic and abiotic factors impacting development, behavior, phenology, and reproductive biology of Drosophila suzukii. J Pest Sci, 1-15. 
13. Tochen S., Vaughn M. Walton and Jana C. Lee 2016. Impact of floral feeding on adult Drosophila suzukii survival and nutrient status. J Pest Sci DOI: 10.1007/s10340-016-0762-7. 
14. Wiman N. G., Gianfranco Anfora, Antonio Biondi, Joanna C. Chiu, Kent M. Daane, Daniel T. Dalton, Beverly Gerdeman, Angela Gottardello, Kelly A. Hamby, Rufus Isaacs, Alberto Grassi, Claudio Ioriatti, Jana C. Lee, Betsey Miller, M. Valerio Rossi Stacconi, Peter W. Shearer, Lynell Tanigoshi, Xingeng Wang and V. M. Walton 2016. Drosophila suzukii population response to the environment and management strategies. J Pest Sci DOI: 10.1007/s10340-016-0757-4. 
15. Shearer P. W., West J., Walton V.M., Brown P., Svetec N., and Chiu, J. 2016. Environmental cues enhance winter survival of Drosophila suzukii. BMC Ecology, 16:11. DOI: 10.1186/s12898-016-0070-3. 
16. Wang XG, Stewart TG, Biondi A, Chavez BM, Ingels C, Caprile JA, Grant J, Walton VM, and Daane KM 2016. Population dynamics and ecology of Drosophila suzukii in Central California. J Pest Sci DOI: 10.1007/s10340-016-0747-6. 
17. Daane KM, Xin-Geng Wang, Antonio Biondi, Betsey Miller, Jeffrey C. Miller, Helmut Riedl, Peter W. Shearer, Emilio Guerrieri, Massimo Giorgini, Matthew Buffington, Kees van Achterberg, Yoohan Song, Taegun Kang, Hoonbok Yi, Chuleui Jung, Dong Woon Lee,Bu-Keun Chung, Kim A. Hoelmer, and Vaughn M. Walton 2016. First exploration of parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii in South Korea as potential classical biological agents. J. Pest Sci. DOI 10.1007/s10340-016-0740-0 
18. Miller B, Anfora G, Buffington M, Daane KM, Dalton DT, Hoelmer KM, Stacconi MV, Grassi A, Ioriatti C, Loni A, Miller JC, M’bark Quantar, X. Wang, Nik G. Wiman, and Vaughn M. Walton 2015. Seasonal occurrence of resident parasitoids associated with Drosophila suzukii in two small fruit production regions of Italy and the USA. Bull Insectology 68(2): 255- 63. 
19. Lee, Jana C., Daniel T. Dalton, Katharine A. Swoboda-Bhattarai, Denny J. Bruck, Hannah J. Burrack, Bernadine C. Strik, J. Megan Woltz, and Vaughn M. Walton 2015 Characterization and manipulation of fruit susceptibility to Drosophila suzukii. J. Pest Sci. 10.1007/s10340-015-0692-9. 
20. Asplen M.K., Gianfranco Anfora, Antonio Biondi, Deuk-Soo Choi, Dong Chu, Kent M Daane, Patricia Gibert, Andrew P Gutierrez, Kim A Hoelmer, William D Hutchison, Rufus Isaacs, Zhi-Lin Jiang, Zsolt Kárpáti, Masahito T Kimura, Marta Pascual, Christopher R Philips, Christophe Plantamp, Luigi Ponti, Gábor Vétek, Heidrun Vogt, Vaughn M Walton, Yi Yu, Lucia Zappalà, and Nicolas Desneux 2015. Invasion biology of spotted wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii): a global perspective and future priorities. J. Pest Sci. 88: 469-494.
21. Tochen S, Woltz JM, Dalton DT, Lee JC, Wiman NG, and Walton VM 2015. Humidity affects populations of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberry. J. Appl. Entomol.. doi: 10.1111/jen.12247. 
22. Klick J, Yang W, Walton V, Dalton D, Hagler J, Dreves A, Lee J, and Bruck D. 2015. Distribution and movement of Drosophila suzukii into fruiting raspberry. J. of Appl. Entomol. 10: 2014-0311. 
23. Addison P., Walton V.M. and Mitchell K., 2015. New Fruit Pest? WineLand Technical, 2015 http://www.wineland.co.za/technical/new-fruit-pest.    
24. Pscheidt J. W., Peachey E. and V. Walton 2015. Apple 2015 Pest Management Guide for the Willamette Valley. Oregon State University Extension Service, EM 8418. 
25. Skinkis P., Pscheidt J., Walton V.M., Dreves A.J. , Peachey E., Allen N., and J. Sanchez. 2007-2016. Pest Management Guide for Wine Grapes in Oregon. OSU Extension Service EM8413E. 
26. Iglesias, L.E, J. F. Price, C. R. Roubos, J. M. Renkema, and O. E. Liburd. 2016. Spotted wing drosophila in Florida berry culture. Publication # ENY861. IFAS-EDIS Extension, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
27. Iglesias, L. E., T. W. Nyoike, and O. E. Liburd. 2015. Spotted wing drosophila: Drosophila suzukii. Publication # ENY885. IFAS-EDIS Extension, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. 
28. Liburd, O. E. 2015. Area-wide management needed for successful control of SWD. Summer ed. Blueberry News. 4: 3-4. 
29. Grant, J. A. and A. A. Sial. 2016. Potential of Muscadine Grapes as a Viable Host of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Blueberry-Producing Regions of the Southeastern United States. J. Econ. Entomol. 109(3): 1261-1266. 
30. Little, E., Sial A. A. et al. 2016. Southeast Regional Organic Blueberry Pest Management Guide. The Southern Region Small Fruit Consortium. http://www.smallfruits.org/SmallFruitsRegGuide/Guides/2016/2016BlueberrySprayGuide_organic.pdf 
31. Sial, A. A. 2016. Grower Handouts for – 1) Identification of Spotted Wing Drosophila; 2) Spotted Wing Drosophila Lifecycle; 3) Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila in Blueberries; and 4) Monitoring Spotted Wing Drosophila Using Traps. Dixie-Blueberry News, Georgia Blueberry Growers Association Newsletter, 16(3): 36-39. 
32. Sial, A. A. 2016. UGA Suggested Insecticide Regime for Spotted Wing Drosophila Control in Blueberries. Dixie-Blueberry News, Georgia Blueberry Growers Association Newsletter, 16(3): 32-33. 
33. Sial, A. A. 2016. UGA Suggested Season-long Insecticide Rotational Programs for Spotted Wing Drosophila Control in Blueberries. Dixie-Blueberry News, Georgia Blueberry Growers Association Newsletter, 16(3): 30. 
34. Sial, A. A. 2016. Spotted Wing Drosophila: Identification, Monitoring and Management in Georgia Blueberries. Dixie- Blueberry News, Georgia Blueberry Growers Association Newsletter, 16(3): 22-27. 
35. Sial, A. A. 2016. Free Integrated Pest Management App for Blueberries – MyIPM-SEP. Dixie-Blueberry News, Georgia Blueberry Growers Association Newsletter, 16(2): 9. 
36. Sial, A. A. 2016. Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD) Identification, Monitoring, and Management Handouts. UGA Blueberry blog, 27 April 2016. http://blog.caes.uga.edu/blueberry/2016/04/swd-handouts/ 
37. Sial, A. A. 2016. Insecticide Regime for SWD Control on Blueberries. UGA Blueberry blog, 27 April 2016. http://blog.caes.uga.edu/blueberry/2016/04/insecticide-regime-for-swd/ 
38. Sial, A. A. 2016. Spotted Wing Drosophila Identification, Monitoring, and Management in Georgia Blueberries. UGA Blueberry blog, 27 April 2016. http://blog.caes.uga.edu/blueberry/2016/04/spotted-wing-drosophila/