SAES-422 Multistate Research Activity Accomplishments Report
Sections
Status: Approved
Basic Information
- Project No. and Title: NC_old1029 : Applied Animal Behavior and Welfare
- Period Covered: 10/01/2015 to 09/30/2016
- Date of Report: 01/12/2017
- Annual Meeting Dates: 11/10/2016 to 11/11/2016
Participants
In-person participants: Katy Proudfoot, Monique Pairis-Garcia, Brianna Gaskill, Amber Adams-Progar, Lindsey Hulbert, Andres Cibils, Tina Horback, Richard Blatchford, Kathy Holcomb, Rachel Dennis, Janice Siegford, Marcia Endres, Ernie Minton Electronic participants: Cassandra Tucker, Carissa Wickens, Maja Makagon, Courtney Daigle
Accomplishments
Washington State University conducted two studies related to the impact of environmental conditions on dairy calf health, behavior, and growth. The first study focused on heat stress in Holstein calves; whereas, the second study focused on cold stress in Jersey calves. Each study measured calf body temperatures using a non-invasive method, environmental conditions using data loggers, and behavior using video cameras. Calf weights were also recorded and average daily gains were calculated. Both studies documented the direct relationship between environmental conditions and calf body temperatures. Additionally, behavioral cues of illness were identified in calves to help dairy producers detect calf illnesses earlier and provide timely care.
New Mexico State University identified previously unknown relationships connecting the rangeland grazing environment with movement patterns of nursing beef cows and weaning wrights of their calves. Global positioning system data were collected over 4 years by recording 5-min interval locations of 52 crossbred cows grazing a 146-ha woodland/grassland pasture for approximately 20 days. Weights of weaned calves (n = 42) were also recorded. Forage allowance (adequate vs. high) influenced day vs. night movement patterns, habitat use, and movement path sinuosity. Weather factors associated with thermal comfort affected daily variation in both daytime and nighttime movement patterns of cows. A dam’s movement pattern in the weeks immediately following calving were correlated with steer but not heifer calf weaning weights. Moderate stocking rates (adequate forage allowance) induced behaviors that resulted in more uniform rangeland use and heavier steer calf weaning weights.
NMSU also studied relationships between cow temperament and lifelong reproductive output. Cows classified into behavioral type groups on the basis of a suite of correlated behaviors showed contrasting rangeland use patterns and different reproductive efficiency. These differences resulted in temperament-related culling rates over a 6 year period. This study explores the question of whether beef cows with behavioral types best suited to rangeland environments are able to produce calves that will adapt well to feedlot environments.
NMSU and local collaborators tested the feasibility of using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) video monitoring to predict intake of discrete food items of rangeland-raised non-nursing beef cows. Thirty-five cows were included in this study. Video footage of arena tests was acquired with a three dimensional Robotics Y6 Multi-copter fitted with a two-axis brushless gimbal and a GoPro Hero 3 Silver Digital Camera. Video files were processed to extract a total of 4,893 two-second-interval still images that were viewed to determine cow feeding activity. Cows that were naïve to the sound of the UAV fed as frequently as their adapted counterparts during 12-min pilot tests. Significant positive correlations between video-derived feeding frequency estimates and amount of food consumed were observed. Our results suggest that UAV video monitoring could be a useful tool to monitor feeding behavior of rangeland cows.
Over the last year, researchers at OSU have created a euthanasia training program for swine producers for hand-held devices. Identify quantitative and qualitative decision criteria for on-farm euthanasia of pigs. This application is a ‘proof-of-concept’ application to deliver educational material on timely decisions for euthanasia of pigs to employees. Based on our successes thus far with the application, we plan to apply the idea to other species and topics.
Through a collaborative effort between academia and industry (The Ohio State University, Iowa State University and Kraft Foods/Oscar Mayer), we have collected data for a project assessing the feeding patterns and behaviors of a sow herd transitioning from individually housed stalls to group housing utilizing the Gestal® as the sole feeding system. This project will quantify feeding patterns and frequencies of group housed sows and determine how experience and time using the Gestal® feeder alters sow feeding behavior.
Over the last year, researchers at OSU have finished collecting data on a project assessing veal calf welfare. The project aimed to assess the prevalence of injuries and clinical health problems when young calves first arrive to the veal farm. Research in this area can help reduce the risk of disease and improve welfare of young calves in the veal industry.
UC Davis VMTRC has studied strategies to treat moderately lame cows. The effects of therapeutic trimming of moderate lameness on milk yield and lameness progression were evaluated on 148 cows vs. 150 control cows housed on 2 dairies (herd A: 2,374 cows; herd B: 2,800 cows). Treatment had no effect on milk yield in herd A but tended to decrease milk yield in herd B. Lameness progression was not affected by treatment. But, 2 wk after intervention, treated cows on herd A tended to have a higher predicted lameness probability than control cows. Therapeutic trimming had very limited benefits on moderately lame cows, possibly because over half of the treated cows had either no lesion or thin soles. This research work was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, project 1002607 and Nutrius LLC (Kingsburg, CA).
The quick identification of animals at risk of becoming sick before their health disorder becomes more severe or they die could help improve animal welfare in dairy farms. When animals are housed in groups (the trend in the industry), it is more difficult to monitor individual animals. At the University of Minnesota we are investigating how certain behaviors such as feeding or rumination time in adult cows, or visits to the feeder and drinking speed for calves, could potentially help identify these animals at risk. We found some promising results for transition cows and calves. Some of these results were published in 2016 and some data analysis is ongoing. We are also validating an ear tag technology that monitors feeding, resting, rumination and activity behavior of cows in a grazing system. A technical note article will be submitted soon.
Research at the University of Florida in the past year in the area of dairy calf behavior and welfare has produced results describing the impact of nutritional enrichments for individually housed calves on feeding behavior and cognition. Collaborative projects have identified impacts of heat stress on feed sorting behavior of cattle and on behavior and welfare of calves born to heat-stressed cows.
Equine extension and research activities during the past year have been focused in three main areas. University of Florida has delivered three Livestock Education and Certification for Agricultural Law Enforcement (LECALE) training programs (March, December, 2015 and March 2016) to provide Ag law enforcement personnel knowledge and skills necessary for assessing the welfare of livestock, with a primary focus on cattle and horses. Results of a recent post-course evaluation determined the LECALE curriculum has improved attendees’ abilities to respond to cases of animal neglect and has provided skills and resources necessary for discerning and communicating animal welfare concerns. University of Florida has established a temperament assessment protocol suitable for quantifying phenotypes of startle in response to a novel moving object in young horses. Future research will combine these phenotypes with genome-wide marker panels for discovery of loci contributing to startle behavior in the horse. Finally, in the past year, research on aversion of horses to different ammonia concentrations has demonstrated the impact of higher concentration of ammonia on the behavior and physiology of horses.
Texas A&M University evaluated two different exercise regimes for efficacy and identified an impact of breed on responsivity to handling and exercise programs for cattle. Areas of research interest include the impact of exercise and the human-animal interaction on cattle behavior, productivity, and immune functioning at the research and commercial level. Additional research has been investigating the efficacy of facial expression technology to identify sick or stressed cattle.
Texas A&M University evaluated several feed additives for their efficacy in reducing stress in poultry. Additional research has been conducted investigating the use of light to improve welfare and stress of poultry. Research evaluating different lighting technologies and programs to reduce stress in poultry are also being conducted. Finally, research looking for means to evaluate stress in poultry via less invasive means are ongoing.
Michigan State University completed publication of data from a commercial scale project involving housing of laying hens in aviary systems (together with colleagues from UC Davis who focused on enriched colony cages). The project examined the sustainability of alternative housing systems with respect to hen health and behavior in an economic and environmental context with reference to food safety and worker health. J. Siegford and postdoc A. Ali have begun publishing findings from a comparison of laying hen strains in aviary housing and are completing work with former postdoc D. Campbell on impact of litter substrate on hen behavior in aviaries. This body of work related to how hens actually behave in aviaries and use resources that are considered to be important will help ensure that alternative housing systems for laying hens, such as aviaries, are designed in a way that actually improves hen welfare to meet public expectations.
Michigan State University (J. Siegford) is leading a research team examining the relationship of social behavior phenotypes to underlying genotypes in pigs with the goal of expanding swine breeding selection programs to include behavior. By selecting for desirable behaviors and against damaging aggression, pigs can be bred that are better suited for group-living in commercial production conditions. This work was jointly funded by grants from USDA NIFA Food Security, National Pork Board, and MSU’s Rackham Foundation and involves a team of colleagues at MSU (Extension, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science) and Scotland’s Rural College.
Michigan State University (C. Heleski) work on assessing the welfare of horses and donkeys and developing codes of practice continues to lead to improved methods of assessing welfare of these animals, particularly in areas where they are used as working animals. C. Heleski is currently serving a 2-year term as Honorary President of the International Society for Equitation Science. This group continues to be at the forefront of providing a platform for horse behavior, horse welfare, and horse-human interaction research. She has recently moved to University of Kentucky and will continue teaching and research related to behavior and welfare there.
At Michigan State University, J. Swanson serves as taskforce chair for the annual scientific review and revision of the Michigan Generally Accepted Management and Agricultural Practices for the Care of Farm Animals under the Michigan Right to Farm Act (since 2007).
The University of California, Davis, conducted work examining wound healing after disbudding with a hot iron in dairy calves. The results provide initial evidence that these wounds take up to 10 weeks to heal and represent a considerable injury during this time. UC Davis identified appropriate sampling methodology for two contexts: measuring behavior of dairy cattle in freestall barns and assessing heat load on commercial dairy farms. This work makes recommendations about how often researchers need to record the behavior or physiological responses of animals and thus informs robust animal welfare assessment.
Impacts
- Dairy cattle well-being studies at Washington State University have investigated the influence of environmental conditions (hot weather and cold weather) on dairy calf health and behavior. This information was compiled and shared with dairy producers, veterinarians, and 4-H dairy project members through workshops, extension factsheets, and newsletters. The importance of detecting the onset of calf illnesses by observing behavioral cues has also been shared with dairy producers and employees.
- Understanding how individual variation of beef cow behavior (behavior types, personalities or temperaments) affects animal movement patterns and fitness (production efficiency) in rugged rangeland environments at New Mexico State University has the potential to improve current animal selection criteria. In the longer term, selecting behavioral types that are better suited to rangeland grazing environments will improve the reproductive performance of beef herds while enhancing animal welfare and reducing environmental footprint of beef production. At current beef prices, we have estimated that differences in beef cow behavioral type could result in a gain or loss of as much as $89.00 per weaned calf.
- The new application for hand-held devices created at Ohio State University will be the first to deliver educational material about timely euthanasia to swine producers. We expect that this application will aid in the delivery of educational material to a wide range of producers across the U.S., and will help them make better decisions about when and how to euthanize compromised pigs. This application also serves as a model that can be used for other species and topics to educate producers about animal welfare topics. The early identification of transition cows at risk, before they become severely ill, could reduce on-farm cow mortality and improve animal health with significant economic and animal welfare benefits to the dairy industry. A reduction in on farm mortality from the current 6% to 3% would result in an estimated economic benefit of over $500 million to the US dairy industry. Better health is one aspect of good animal welfare and achieving it requires improving many aspects of the cow’s environment and management.
- With the human population growing globally, the number of horses housed in confinement continues to increase. As a result, concerns over air quality for horses and their caretakers are also on the rise. The research conducted at the University of Florida comprises a necessary first step in determining the impact of ammonia emissions on the behavior and well‐being of horses. The findings should build a foundation for future investigation of management solutions that can mitigate the negative impacts of ammonia and other greenhouse gas emissions on the health of humans, animals, and the environment. Data in the past year have determined that the development of a novel feeding box system shows promise as a tool for investigating horse aversion to ammonia in the barn environment.
- The welfare of dairy cattle is of increasing concern to the public, and refining rearing practices for dairy calves has potential to improve both short- and longer-term animal welfare. Research at the University of Florida has focused on how housing factors for dairy calves impact behavioral development, cognition, and longer-term behavior and welfare. Data in the past year determined positive effects of nutritional enrichments for individually housed calves on cognition in early life. More recent experiments with pending results have explored the expression of sickness behavior in group-housed calves, and the adaptation of previously individually-housed calves into a social group after weaning.
- At TAMU, feed additive studies have shown promise in using nutritional means to reduce stress in poultry while maintaining or improving production. Light incubation research has demonstrated improved hatchability and chick quality as well as reductions in post hatch stress and flightiness. Further work on immune function and other welfare indicators is underway. Lighting research in layers and broilers has shown reduction in stress while using LEDs and that intensity and photoperiod can alter stress and welfare of birds differently than published research that used older technology.
- Researchers at MSU are examining the relationship between behavior of individual hens and at the flock level to determine whether group-level behavior adequately captures the experience of the individual. They are also examining the relationship between assessments of hens’ physical welfare using a standardized assessment (Welfare Quality Protocol) to their behavior to determine what information is captured or absent if standardized physical assessments are used in the absence of behavior by auditing or assessment programs on farm.
Publications
Published Written Works
Journal articles
Ali ABA, Campbell DLM, Karcher DM, Siegford JM. 2016. Influence of geneticstrain and access to litter on spatial distribution of 4 strains of laying hens in an aviary system. Poultry Science, 95:2489-2502.
Ali ABA, El Sayed MA, Matoock MY, Fouad MA, Heleski CR. 2016. A welfare assessment scoring system for working equids - a method for identifying at risk populations and for monitoring progress of welfare enhancement strategies (trialed in Egypt). Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 176:52-62.
Archer, G.S. 2016. Spectrum of White Light During Incubation: Warm vs Cool White LED Lighting. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 15(9): 343-348
Archer, G.S. 2016. Comparison of raising broiler chickens under LED or Incandescent light at differing intensities on growth, stress, and fear. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 15(11): 425-431.
Archer, G.S. and J.A. Mench. 2016. Exposing avian embryos to light affects post-hatch anti-predator fear responses. Applied Animal Behavior Science. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2016.10.014
Campbell DLM, Karcher DM, Siegford JM. 2016. Location tracking of individual laying hens housed in aviaries with different litter substrates. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 184:74-79.
Campbell DLM, Makagon MM, Swanson JC, Siegford JM. 2016. Perch use by laying hens in a commercial aviary. Poultry Science, 95:1736-1742.
Campbell, DLM, Goodwin SL, Makagon MM, Swanson JC, Siegford JM. 2016. Failed landings after laying hen flight in a commercial aviary over two flock cycles. Poultry Science, 95:188-197.
Campbell DLM, Makagon MM, Swanson JC, Siegford JM. 2016. Laying hen movement in a commercial aviary: enclosure to floor and back again. Poultry Science, 95:176-187.
Campbell DLM, Makagon MM, Swanson JC, Siegford JM. 2016. Litter use by laying hens in a commercial aviary: Dust-bathing and piling. Poultry Science, 95:164-175.
Campler M.R., Pairis-Garcia M.D., Stalder K.J.,and A.K. Johnson. 2016. Rubber mat placement in a farrowing and lactation facility: Tips and techniques. J Swine Health Prod 24(3):142–146.
Chebel, R.C., P.R.B. Silva, M.I. Endres, M.A. Ballou, and K.L. Luchterhand. 2016. Social stressors and their effects on immunity and health of periparturient dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 99:3217-3228.
Chen, JM, Schütz, KE, Tucker, CB. 2016. Comparison of instantaneous sampling and continuous observation of dairy cattle behavior in freestall housing. J Dairy Sci, 99: 8341–8346.
Daigle, Courtney Lynd. "In Search of the Urban Cowboy: The Need to Incorporate Animal Husbandry into the United States Higher Education Curriculum and Its Implications for Production Animal Welfare." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 3 (2016).
Fanatico, A.C., J.A. Mench, G.S. Archer, Y. Liang, V.B. Brewer, C.M. Owens, and A.M.Donohue. 2016. Effect of simulated agroforestry structures on performance and range use of organic meat chickens. Poult. Sci. 95(9): 1980-1988.
García-Muñoz A, G. Vidal, N. Singh, N. Silva-del-Río. 2016. Evaluation of two methodologies for lameness detection in dairy cows based on postural and gait abnormalities observed during milking and while restrained at headlock stanchions. Prev Vet Med. 28:33-40. PMID: 27237388
Goodman, L.E., A.F. Cibils, R.L. Wesley, J.T.Muliniks, M.K. Petersen, E.J. Scholljegerdes, S.H. Cox. 2016. Temperament affects rangeland use patterns and reproductive performance of beef cows. Rangelands 38: 292-296.
Horvath, K., M. Fernandez, E. K. Miller-Cushon. The effect of feeding enrichment in the milk-feeding stage on the cognition of dairy calves in a T-maze. Applied Animal Behavior Science. In press.
Laporta, J., T. F. Fabris, A. L. Skibiel, J. L. Powell, M. J. Hayen, K. Horvath, E. K. Miller-Cushon, and G. E. Dahl. In-utero exposure to heat stress during late-gestation has prolonged effects on activity patterns and growth of dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science. In press.
Luchterhand, K.M., P.R.B. Silva, R.C. Chebel and M.I. Endres. 2016. Association between prepartum feeding behavior and periparturient health disorders in dairy cows. Front. Vet. Sci. 3:65.
Mench, JA, Swanson JC, Arnot C. 2016. The Coalition for Sustainable Egg Supply: A unique public-private partnership for conducting research on the sustainability of animal housing systems using a multi-stakeholder approach. Journal of Animal Science. DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9680.
Miller-Cushon, E. K., and T. J. DeVries. Review: Feed sorting in dairy cattle: Causes, consequences, and management. Journal of Dairy Science. In press.
Miller-Cushon, E. K., and T. J. DeVries. 2016. Effect of social housing on the development of feeding behavior and social feeding preferences of dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science. 99:1406-1417.
Nyamurekung’e, S. A.F.Cibils, R.E. Estell, A.L. Gonzalez. 2016. Use of an unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted video camera to assess feeding behavior of Raramuri Criollo cows. Rangeland Ecology and Management 69:386-389.
Orman, A. and M.I. Endres. 2016. Use of thermal imaging for identification of foot lesions in dairy cattle. Acta Agric. Scandin. DOI:10.1080/09064702.2016.1179785.
Sawalhah, M.N., A.F. Cibils, H. Cao, D.M. VanLeeuwen, J.L. Holechek, C.M. Black-Rubio, R.L. Wesley, R.L. Endecott, T.J. Mulliniks, and M.K. Petersen. 2016. Forage and weather influence day- vs. nighttime cow behavior and calf weaning weights on rangeland. Rangeland Ecology and Management 69: 134-143.
Siegford JM, Berezowski J, Biswas SK, Daigle CL, Gebhardt-Henrich SG, Hernandez CE, Thurner S, and Toscano MJ. 2016. Assessing Activity and Location of Individual laying hens in Large Groups Using Modern Technology. Animals 6. doi:10.3390/
Siegford J, Berezowski J, Biswas SK, Daigle C, Gebhardt-Henrich S, Thurner S, Hernandez CE, Toscano MJ. 2016. Review: Assessing activity and location of individual laying hens in large groups using modern technology. Animals 6/10 (20 pp). DOI: 10.3390/ani6020010.
Silva, P.R.B., K.M. Lobeck-Luchterhand, R.L.A Cerri, D.M. Haines, M.A. Ballou, M.I. Endres, and R.C. Chebel. 2016. Effects of prepartum stocking density on innate and adaptive leukocyte responses and serum and hair cortisol concentrations. Vet. Immun. Immunopath. 169:39-46.
Simon, GE, Hoar, BR, Tucker, CB. 2016. Assessing cow-calf welfare. Part 1: Benchmarking beef cow health and behavior, handling; and management facilities, and producer perspectives. J Anim Sci, 94: 3476-3487.
Simon, GE, Hoar, BR, Tucker, CB. 2016. Assessing cow-calf welfare. Part 2: Risk factors for beef cow health and behavior and stockperson handling. J Anim Sci, 94: 3488-3500.
Sjostrom, L.S, B.J. Heins, M.I. Endres, R.D. Moon and J.C. Paulson. 2016. Relationship of activity and rumination to abundance of pest flies among organically certified cows fed 3 levels of concentrate. J. Dairy Sci. 99:9942-9948.
Tresoldi, G Schütz, KE Tucker, CB. 2016. Assessing heat load in drylot dairy cattle: Refining on-farm sampling methodology. J Dairy Sci, 99: 8970–8980.
Whalin, L., Pairis-Garcia, M., Proudfoot, K., Stalder, K., and A. Johnson. 2016. Validating behavioral sampling techniques for lame sows administered flunixin meglumine and meloxicam. Livestock Science. 191: 103-107.
Book chapters
Daigle CL. 2017. “Controlling cannibalism and feather pecking in egg laying flocks” in “Egg production: Innovations and strategies for improvement” Ed. P. Scotti Hester. Elsevier Publishing.
Outreach
Adams Progar, A. 2016. Amber’s top ten tips: understanding dairy FARM evaluations. WSU Dairy Newsletter, June 2016.
Adams Progar, A. 2015. Amber’s top ten tips: understanding group housing in calves. WSU Dairy Newsletter, December 2015.
Adams Progar, A. 2016. Heat stress success: managing heifer growth. Pacific Northwest Animal Nutrition Conference, Boise, ID, January 2016.
Adams Progar, A. 2016. Understanding cow behavior and its effect on reproduction. Producer’s College, Lynden, WA, January 2016.
Archer, G.S. Manejo de la luz antes del procesamiento. (2016) Programa Tentativo del XII Simposium de Procesamiento e Inocuidad de Productos Avícolas. Queretaro, Mexico.
Archer, G.S. Lighting prorams for welfare and production in layers and broilers. (2016) 1st Simposium de Bienestrar Animal, Produccion Organica y Libre de Antibiotics. Queretaro, Mexico.
Archer, G.S. (2016). Lighting for Incubation and Hatch: Increasing Production. Symposium on Lighting in Poultry Facilities. 2016 Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting, New Orleans, La.
Callanan, J., H. A. Young, and A. L. Adams Progar. 2016. Relationship between cow lying behavior and free-stall barn design. WSU Showcase for Undergraduate Research & Creative Activities, Pullman, WA, March 2016.
Chen JM, Mintline EM, DeVries TJ, Tucker CB. 2016. Feeding motivation in feedlot cattle. 100th Annual Convention of the California Cattlemen's Association & California Cattlewomen, Inc., Reno, NV.
Endres, M.I. 2016. Is automated calf feeding right for your farm? WCDS Advances in DairyTechnology (2016) Volume 28: 233-241.
Endres, M. and B. James. 2016. Facility systems for the young dairy calf: Implications for animal welfare and labor management. Pg 62 in ADSA Large Dairy Herd Manag. Conf. Proc. Oak Brook, IL. Available from www.adsa.org/meetings/largedairyherdmanagement.aspx
García-Munoz A, S. Navdeep, and N. Silva-del-Río. 2016. Impact of early detection and treatment of moderate lameness on disease progression and cow performance. In: Proceedings of the 49th Annual Convention of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Charlote, NC.
Miller-Cushon, E. K. 2016. Assessing Cattle Welfare. Cattle Health and Well-being In-service Training Session. University of Florida. February 24, 2016.
Miller-Cushon, E. K. 2016. Consequences of feeding and housing practices for animal welfare and performance. Dairy Cattle Welfare Symposium. Columbus, Ohio. May 20, 2016.
Miller-Cushon, E. K. 2016. Animal Behavior and Welfare. US Agricultural Information Network Conference. Gainesville, Florida. April 26, 2016.
Pineda M, A. Ibrahim, A. Lago, and N. Silva-del-Río. 2016. Hoof trimmer performance on California dairies based on hoof measurements before and after therapeutic trimming. In: Proceedings of the 49th Annual Convention of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Charlote, NC.
Proudfoot, K, Huzzey, J, Presenter. "Behavior of transition cows and relationship with health." Presented at Large Dairy Herd Management (May 2016)
Proudfoot, K, Presenter. "Cow comfort during transition." Presented at Penn State Nutrition Workshop (Feb 2016)
Proudfoot, K, Presenter. "Cow comfort during the transition period." Presented at Cargill Technical Exchange (Jan 2016)
Proudfoot, K, Presenter. "Maternity pen design and management from the cows’ perspective." Presented at Leading Producer Conference (Jan 2016)
Shearer, J., M.F. Hutjens and M. Endres. 2016. Managing the herd to minimize lameness. Pg 104 in ADSA Large Dairy Herd Manag. Conf. Proc. Oak Brook, IL. Available from www.adsa.org/meetings/largedairyherdmanagement.aspx
Siegford J, Bates, R, D’Eath R, Gemus-Benjamin M, Ison S, Jensen L, Raney N, Roehe R, Steibel J, Turner S, Wurtz K. 2016. Relating behavioral phenotypes to genotypes to improve genetic selection in pigs. 2016 National Swine Improvement Federation Annual Conference and Symposium, Raleigh, NC.
Trearchis, D., Pempek, J., Masterson, M., Habing, G., and K. Proudfoot. 2016. Prevalence of failure of passive transfer, dehydration, and health outcomes in veal calves on the day of arrival to the farm. Merial Veterinary Scholars Program 2016 Symposium. Duluth: Merial. (poster presentation)
Tucker, CB. 2016. Cattle behavior: insights from the animals to improve their welfare. Invited talk at 4-H Animal Science State Symposium in Davis, CA.
Tucker, CB. 2016. From lab to life: taking research findings into the world. Invited talk at 9th Boehringer Ingelheim Expert Forum on Farm Animal Well-Being Conference, Montreal, Canada.
Tucker, CB. 2016. Animal welfare assessment:the US perspective. Invited talk at the NOVA seminar, Fork to Farm in Helsinki, Finland.
Tucker, CB. 2016. Effective cow cooling: how do we know when we’ve got it right? Invited talk to Northern San Joaquin Veterinary Medical Association, Hilmar, CA.
Tucker, CB. 2016. Research updates in dairy welfare assessment. Invited talk at National Milk Producers Federation FARM Evaluators' Conference in Nashville, TN.
Wickens, C. 2016. Normal Behavior of Horses. Rutgers Equine Management Seminar. New Brunswick, New Jersey. February 14, 2016.
Wickens, C. 2016. Stereoptypic Behavior in Horses. Rutgers Equine Management Seminar. New Brunswick, New Jersey. February 14, 2016.
Wickens, C. 2016. Assessing Equine Welfare. Equine Health and Well-being In-service Training Session. University of Florida. January 11, 2016.
Young, H. A. and A. L. Adams Progar. 2016. Behavioral and physiological responses to hot weather conditions in Holstein calves. WSU Showcase for Undergraduate Research & Creative Activities, Pullman, WA, March 2016.
Scientific presentations
Ali AB, K Gutwein, C Heleski. 2016. Exploring the relationship between heart rate variability and behaviour – Social isolation in horses. 12th International Equitation Science Conference, Saumur, France.
Alvarado,C.Z., J. Fang, G. Casco, J. A. Byrd, P. T. Price, G. Archer, D. P. Smith and H.O. Pavlidis. (2016). Effect of feeding Original XPC on Salmonella enumeration and prevalence in ceca, breast and ground breast meat in heat stress and non-heat stressed broilers. 2016 Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting, New Orleans, La.
Archer, G.S. (2016). The effect of raising broilers under 3000K or 5000K LED light on production, stress, and behavior. 2016 Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting, New Orleans, La.
Archer, G.S. and J. Delabbio. (2016). Using White with Red LED Lighting to improve hatchability and chick quality in broilers and layers . 2016 Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting, New Orleans, La.
Byrd, J.A. and G.S. Archer. (2016). The effect of different spectrums of LED light on hen production and welfare from 18-30 weeks of age. 2016 Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting, New Orleans, La.
Byrd, J.A. and G.S. Archer. (2016). The effect of different spectrums of LED light on Salmonella shedding in 30 weeks of age Laying hens. 2016 Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting, New Orleans, La.
Campler, M.R. and M.D. Pairis-Garcia. 2016. The effect of rubber mats on lying and feeding behavior of lame and non-lame sows housed in farrowing stalls. Edinburgh: International Society for Applied Ethology, page 251 (poster presentation)
Chen JM, Schütz KE, Tucker CB. 2016. Heat load affects measures of aversion in dairy cows. 50th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Dayton, A., A. P. A. Monteiro, X. Weng, S. Tao, and E. K. Miller-Cushon. 2016. Effects of acute and chronic heat stress on feed sorting behavior of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Diary Science E. Suppl. 94:36.
Daigle CL, Hester PY, Lay DC, Cheng HW. 2016. Could the ultraviolet reflectivity of feathers phenotypically identify hens targeted for feather pecking? Poster Presentation. 50th International Society of Applied Ethology. July 12-16, 2016, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Daigle CL, Baber J, Wickersham TA, Sawyer JE. 2016. Impact of diet on the behavior of limit-fed beef cows in drylots. Poster Presentation. 2016 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Society of Animal Scientists, Salt Lake City, UT.
Farnell, M.B. M.J. Moreira, and G.S. Archer. (2016). The effect of housing single combed white Leghorns in conventional cages versus enriched colony cages from 23 weeks to 79 weeks of age on stress and fear. 2016 Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting, New Orleans, La.
Goodman, L., A.F. Cibils, L. Owensby. 2016. Individual-based variation in grazing behavior of rangeland-raised beef cows. Proceedings of the 50th Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology. July 12 – 15, 2016, Edinburgh, Scotland. P.148.
Gutwein K, Ali AB, Heleski C. 2016. Food anticipation in domestic horses – anticipating something good or frustrated with waiting for a desired resource? 12th International Equitation Science Conference, Saumur, France.
Heleski CR, 2016. 052 Equine welfare in a competitive setting–What can ten-plus years of research by the equitation science community tell us? (And what critical pieces are still missing?). American Society of Animal Science Midwest Section Meeting, Des Moines, IA.
Horvath, K., and E. K. Miller-Cushon. Cognition of dairy calves exposed to nutritional enrichments during the milk-feeding stage. Page 197 in Proceedings of the 50th Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, July 12 to July 15, 2016, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. Dwyer, C., M. Haskells, and V. Sandilands, eds. Wageningen Academic Publishers.
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