Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Agenda

Organized Meeting: Partnering to Develop Solutions against the Infamous Invasive Pest Spotted Wing Drosophil

Tuesday November 17, 2015

Organizers: Christelle Guédot and Ash Ahmad

Summary Statement: First detected in the continental US in California in 2008, spotted wing drosophila (SWD; Drosophila suzukii), is an invasive vinegar fly from Southeast Asia that attacks soft-skinned fruit. Since its introduction, it has quickly spread and is now reported in 46 U.S. states. SWD is causing significant crop losses as high as 100%, particularly in raspberries, blackberries, and blueberries, with an economic impact estimated at $718 million annually in the U.S. alone. SWD is highly polyphagous, affecting numerous other fruit crops and non-crop hosts. Current management practices rely primarily on the use of preventative insecticide applications. However, these intense control measures are not environmentally sustainable and can be very costly for growers while not completely preventing crop loss. This proposed symposium will provide a comprehensive review of the research currently conducted nationwide on SWD. Four main areas of research on SWD will be presented: 1) biology and ecology, 2) optimization of monitoring systems, 3) population dynamics and phenology, and 4) evaluation of management strategies. These areas follow the research objectives of the multi-state Hatch project “WERA 1021: Spotted Wing Drosophila Biology, Ecology, and Management”. Our symposium will be part of this Hatch project and will foster sharing and exchange among scientists of research efforts related to this important pest. With the increasing research conducted nationally and internationally on this challenging pest, this symposium will also aim at fostering partnerships to develop solutions, while avoiding duplication of research efforts.

Description: This symposium will bring together speakers to present research on the biology, ecology, and management of SWD. Researchers, post-docs, and students will learn about the latest advances on SWD research and how research groups across the country are partnering in developing solutions to mitigate the impact of SWD on fruit crops worldwide.

Comments: This symposium is part of a multi-state Hatch project "WERA 1021". We request that the symposium occur in the afternoon to allow for WERA participants to provide state reports and participate in discussions following the symposium.

Outline: An organized Research Meeting will take place on Tuesday, November 17, 2015: 1:30-5:00, followed by snacks and State Reports from 5:30-7:00 pm.

1:30 – 5:00 PM Entomological Society of America - Organized meeting

1:30 PM - Welcoming Remarks, Christelle Guédot

1:35 PM - Uncovering the basics of SWD, recent research in its biology and ecology

Jana C. Lee (jana.lee@ars.usda.gov), USDA - ARS, Corvallis, OR

 Speaker 1: Jana Lee - Biology and Ecology

Jana Lee covered the basics of SWD, recent research on its biology and ecology. Regarding reproduction she reported mature eggs were found in March and April and no mature eggs before that. Which leads to the question, what causes return to reproduction? Data suggests that long-days result in eggs being quickly laid whereas short days result in a slow return to laying eggs. In additions, access to cherry and blueberry blossoms improve SWD survival. Two scenarios have been seen where short days in the spring result in early mating, while on the other hand long days around 16 hours will result in mating to occur later. In lab, low photoperiod results in fewer eggs and one generation can create winter morph and vice versa. In the field, winter morphs show up in October. Shearer and brown found that winter morphs survive longer at cold temperatures and have a lower cold lethal temperature, with cold acclimations. Thistlewood and Rozema found males emerged from under apricot trees with emergence traps. Dreves found adults in cavities of rotting fruits in October and November, adults found within bark crevices, moss, lichen, under plastic mulch, and tree collars.

1:55 PM - Drosophila suzukii population dynamics: Implications for management

Vaughn Walton (vaughn.walton@oregonstate.edu)¹, Nik G. Wiman¹, Daniel Dalton¹, Gianfranco Anfora², Hannah Burrack³, Joanna Chiu⁴, Kent M. Daane⁵, Rufus Isaacs⁶, Alberto Grassi⁷, Betsey Miller¹, Samantha L. Tochen¹, Xin-geng Wang⁵ and Claudio Loriatti⁷, ¹Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, ²IASMA Research and Innovation Center, San Michele, Italy, ³North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, ⁴University of California, Davis, CA, ⁵University of California, Berkeley, CA, ⁶Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, ⁷Edmund Mach Foundation, San Michele, Italy

Speaker 2: Vaughn Walton - Population Dynamics

Vaughn Walton covered SWD population dynamics and implications for management. SWD pressure is different between seasons. The current knowledge describes the population structure of SWD to have many generations’ preseason, generations synchronizing later (overlapping), and high reproductive capacity. Early spring survival plays an important role and there is a lot of interest in cold temperatures and humidity. Survival rates at low temperatures prove to have significant drop offs but some individuals can survive. We don’t have extinction levels like we thought earlier. Degree day is more useful to compare than actual days and peak oviposition occurs at 410 degree days. Increase in reproductive potential around 400 degree days. Males survive at lower levels than females, possibly due to male risky behavior. Mortality curves, or survival curves, over time have been created to identify which life stages at present at what degree days and how can we manage. Winter morphs are physiologically and behaviorally different than summer morphs. Alternate hosts play an important role, whereas surrounding vegetation can play a role early in the season. SWD can use pollen and nectar to facilitate early and late season survival. Wiman et al. 2014 described the stages of SWD population and found that early in the season most of the population is adults. If we can figure out how to kill those few adults that survived we could effectively reduce populations. Focus sprays to kill most adults early, focus sprays to kill larvae and eggs later in the season 

2:15 PM - How wild hosts and landscape factors affect SWD populations

Emma Pelton (pelton@wisc.edu)¹, Rufus Isaacs², Steven VanTimmeren², Annie Blanton³, William Hutchison³, Claudio Gratton⁴ and Christelle Guédot¹,¹University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, ²Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, ³University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, ⁴University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI

Speaker 3: Emma Pelton - Wild hosts and landscapes

Emma Pelton covered how wild hosts and woodland landscapes affect SWD. SWD consider relevant natural landscapes as they provide wild hosts and overwintering habitat. SWD use both cultivated and wild hosts equally. Winter morphs are more cold tolerant than summer morphs, and protected microhabitats play a role in survival. With this knowledge an interesting question arises, does the amount of woodland in the landscape effect SWD populations? Higher trap catches in woodlands than raspberries. A fixed effect model with percent woodland, state, and year showed that woodland does not affect growth rate, however state had an effect. SWD larvae were found in 80% of the raspberries processed. Overall, woodland did not affect adult or larval abundance in raspberry, however fewer flies were found in the farms with higher woodlands.

2:35 PM - Performance of various traps and baits for monitoring Drosophila suzukii in berry crops

Oscar Liburd (oeliburd@ufl.edu), Lindsy Iglesias and Teresia Nyoike, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL

Speaker 4: Oscar Liburd - Traps and baits for monitoring 

Oscar Liburd covered performance of various traps and baits for monitoring SWD in berry crops. There are more than 28 counties infested in Florida. Standard surveillance included RCBD trial to determine trap and bait effectiveness in both conventional and organic farms. Different colors of traps were tested throughout the season. In late season, clear traps were not as effective (and over total trap catches). No difference in male-female attractiveness of any baits and traps, although more females were caught overall. There were interactions between entry area and trap design. Multiple studies have found that yeast-sugar is as effective as Droski drink; however yeast is does not serve as selective bait. In conclusion, Scentry lures are reliable throughout the season. 

2:55 PM - Progress towards developing behavior-based control strategies for spotted wing drosophila

Cesar Rodriguez-Saona (CRodriguez@aesop.rutgers.edu)^1,2, Tracy C. Leskey³, Aijun Zhang⁴, Anne Nielsen⁵ and Caryn Michel⁵, ¹Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, ²Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Chatsworth, NJ, ³USDA - ARS, Kearneysville, WV, ⁴USDA - ARS, Beltsville, MD, ⁵Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Bridgeton, NJ

Speaker 5: Cesar Rodriguez-Saona – Progress towards developing behavior-based control strategies for SWD

Cesar Rodriguez-Saona covered progress towards developing behavior-based control strategies for SWD Challenges to IPM and addressing issues such as unreliable monitoring techniques, limited control options (e.g., insecticides), and need for alternative management strategies. The objectives were to determine behavioral responses to chemical cues and develop attract and kill. An olfactometer was used to determine SWD responses to fruit volatiles. Both females and males most attracted to raspberry volatiles over other fruits and control. They used antennae response experiment and identified which compounds from raspberry which had highest responses. A synthetic chemical blend (11 components) was created and found more effective than control. Tried in the field for two years and was a “complete failure”. This year, other fruit volatile based lures were evaluated in blueberry fields in NJ using yellow jacket insect traps and found some are successful. Lethality of attracticidal spheres developed for apple maggot fly for SWD was evaluated. They assessed multiple active ingredients at various rates and applied this knowledge to field trials with the spheres and found all spheres better than the control and spray. The spray + sphere were the most effective treatments. Another experiment used tangle-trap coated fruit at various heights on a potted plant and found placing them low on the plant caught more flies. This suggests that flies like to utilize the lower part of the plant. This experiment was repeated in the field and found the same results. The low part of plant is preferred by SWD and addition to center rows, but this was a small experiment and another experiment found they prefer edge rows and middle of plant. 

3:15 PM - Break

3:30 PM - Preliminary development of an insecticide based attract-and-kill tactic for spotted wind drosophila

Matthew Grieshop (grieshop@msu.edu), Juan Huang, Danielle Kirkpatrick, Larry Gut and Rufus Isaacs, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI

 Speaker 6: Matthew Grieshop – Insecticide based attract and kill tactic for SWD.

Matthew Grieshop covered insecticide based attract and kill tactic for SWD. It is important to determine if toxin or lure are more important for attract and kill method. Current preliminary trap and kill technology include: pyrethroid treated nylon fabric pouch with a droplet of attractant. Steps for device development include: identify attractants, force contact bioassays to determine exposure time needed for mortality. One question investigated assessed if certain colors lead to adults landing? Choice and no-choice tests for color (and contrast) were conducted where purple, red, and black were most effective. The second question addressed was whether or not there was a reflectance component? Overall, fluorescent red was most attractive. After 60 minutes, 100% mortality after just 2 seconds of adult contact. The next steps are to field videograph to test field effectiveness and impacts on beneficial insects.

3:50 PM - Seasonal dispersal and exclusion of spotted wing drosophila

Donn Johnson (dtjohnso@uark.edu) and Barbara Lewis, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR

Speaker 7: Donn Johnson – spotted wing drosophila in blackberries in field and screened high tunnels.

Donn Johnson covered SWD in blackberries in field and screened high tunnels. Arkansas first detected SWD in blueberry on July 1, 2012. SWD was found investing Japanese honeysuckle in October. Current research is comparing floricane, fruits mid-summer, and primocane, fruits late and mid-summer. Summer floricane-fruiting crop in June and July, adjacent early season crops align with earlier adult catches, however primocane, caught large numbers of SWD all season long. More activity in unsprayed blackberries, population dips in July when temperatures reach fluctuated around 90 F. High tunnels with a fine screen reached temperatures around 100 F, Johnson proposed the question of whether SWD was screened out or heated out? In the comparison of field trapping vs high-tunnel the screen kept SWD out. The field received organic sprays and saw 7-90% infestation, whereas 0-9% infestation was seen in the high-tunnel (the infestation was like due to human error as the door was left open). When compared the high tunnel (1146 dd) temperature and degree days was higher than the outside (1043 dd) temperature, 5-20 degrees higher. 

4:10 PM - Fate of spotted wing drosophila larvae in harvested fruit

Hannah Burrack (hannah_burrack@ncsu.edu), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC

Speaker 8: Hannah Burrack – fate of drosophila suzukii larvae in fruit.

 Hannah Burrack covered the fate of SWD larvae in fruit, post-harvest detection and handling. There is a high risk of larval presence in “marketable” fruit. Understanding the fate of larvae depending on life stage, storage temperature and duration is important for fruit growers and processers. No eggs survived in raspberries at 34 F for a 72 hour time period, and lower survival was seen in all larvae. A significant reduction in eggs and third instar was recorded at 72 hours at 35 F. Immature stage development stopped when fruit was kept at 35 F for up to 3 days. Future research includes longer storage and lower temperatures. Yanan Zheng presented parasitoid surveys in North Carolina and found that parasitic wasps were found in crop and non-crop sites. However a lot of variation was seen by site and habitat. Also, parasitism rates higher in melanogaster than suzukii. 

4:30 PM - Residue declines and post-harvest mitigation of pesticide residues to meet export MRL restrictions in highbush blueberry

Rufus Isaacs (isaacsr@msu.edu), Steven Van Timmeren and John C. Wise, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI

Speaker 9: Rufus isaacs – residue declines and post-harvest mitigation of pesticide residues to meet export MRL restrictions in highbush blueberry.

Rufus Isaacs covered residue declines and post-harvest mitigation of pesticide residues to meet export maximum residue limit (MRL) for a pesticide restrictions in highbush blueberry. There has been an increase in blueberries from 2005, over 1.5 billion lbs by 2017. MRL’s potentially limit international trade for crops that rely pesticides for yield protection. Small blueberry bush crops were studied, over the study they were protected from rain, sprayed and residue levels recorded. Seven of the 17 insecticides are well below the limit. Residue amounts declined with the number of days after treatment. The question asking if reapplication raises the risk was asked. The data suggests that yes more pesticides used resulted in more residues. It is always recommended to rotate sprays to prevent insect resilience and MRL. Post-harvest comparison was tested comparing frozen, fridge, hydro-cooling, and chlorine treated berries. Chlorine treatment reduced the most pesticide residue. The following insecticides: brigatde, exirel, danitol, and lannate, are not recommended to be used near harvest. In conclusion, processed berries can have lower MRL when chlorine washed. 

4:50 PM - Concluding Remarks, Christelle Guédot

5:00 – 6:00 PM: State report poster session and mixer

6:00 – 8:00 PM: Open discussion

• Open Discussion 

The topics below were open for discussion at the beginning of the session:

1. Funding opportunities
2. Collaborations for multistate research, such as bait and trap comparisons in the past
3. Standardization of methods for bioassays, e.g. standard methods for assessing pesticide activities
4. Holes in knowledge that need to be addressed
5. New directions for research and collaborations (international collaborations, genetics...)
6. Anything else?

Groups were organized to discuss topics 2, 3, and 4 as other topics were not deemed relevant to discuss at that time by the group (funding opportunities have been explored and awarded, see section 6. Grants, and new directions and collaborations were not seen as a priority).

Topic 2: The group discussed multi-state research collaborations that should be explored on the following topics: survey of natural enemies (Lead: Christelle Guédot); crop vulnerability of grapes and possibly elderberry (Lead: Doug Pfeiffer); non-crop hosts and effect of landscape (Lead: Jackie Lee); Zaprionus distribution (Lead: Doug Pfeiffer); effect of microclimate (Lead: Diepenbrock and Dalton); mulches and cultural controls. Leads were identified to start discussions and collaborations on the web-based program Basecamp.

Topic 3: The group discussed how to standardize methods for assessing pesticide activity in the field, semi-field, and laboratory conditions (Lead: Ash Sial and Rufus Isaacs)

Topic 4: The group discussed a number of different topics/ideas that addressed gaps in knowledge. These include the following:

1. For different regions, which non crop (wild) hosts are utilized as reproductive host for SWD at what times during the season and what is the impact of wild hosts on population dynamics and crop risk?
2. Better estimates of dispersal at the local scale by SWD in terms of distance and timing for different regions. Also an assessment of the extent to which long distance movement occurs in North America (from north to south, also possibly dispersal over elevation) and importance in infestation risk, population dynamics and population genetics.
3. Continued investigations into seasonal biology and overwintering with particular emphasis on winter morphs and importance in cold/desiccation tolerance and overwintering survival for different regions.
4. What do we know about biological control by entomopathogens?
5. Additional information on mechanisms by which SWD resists parasitoids (native species verses species from area of origin) and evolution.
6. Impact of fruit pathogens (fungal or bacterial) on SWD adult behavior and larval performance. Also potential of SWD in vectoring fruit pathogens. Differences between SWD and D. melanogaster.
7. What is the relationship between adult trap catches and actual population levels? There sometimes is an assumption that there is a good relationship but this has not been rigorously examined.
8. Better understanding of economic injury levels for different crops, cropping systems, and markets for different regions and relationship with adult monitoring.
9. We have an opportunity to study host invasion evolution with SWD and it is important to obtain good baseline data on phenotypic and genetic differences related to traits such as host use, diapause, cold tolerance, etc.
10. What is the role of urban areas as sources for SWD in understanding timing of infestation and population dynamics?
11. Interest in a better understanding of how adult physiological state (e.g. winter morph in the spring, non-reproductive verses with mature eggs, etc.) influences behavior (e.g. adult food choice, habitat preferences, activity levels) and ecology.

The group then discussed the renewal of WERA taskforce. It was decided that the taskforce should be renewed. The new president Ash Sial will work with the Vice-President Elect to renew the WERA 1021. The group elected Kelly Hamby, University of Maryland, as Vice-President of the WERA Taskforce.

Major grants obtained by members of the group. All have stakeholders involved and an extension component.

USDA NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative

Title: Sustainable spotted wing drosophila management for United States fruit crops

Total amount awarded: $6,745,400

Project director Hannah J. Burrack, Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University

Co-project directors Greg Loeb, Professor, gme1@cornell.edu

Department of Entomology, Cornell University; 428 Barton Laboratory, Geneva, NY 14456

Vaughn Walton, Associate Professor, vaughn.walton@oregonstate.edu

Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University; 4017 Ag and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR 97331-7304

Cesar Rodriguez-Saona, Associate Professor & Extension Specialist, crodriguez@aesop.rutgers.edu

Department of Entomology, Rutgers University; Marucci Blueberry-Cranberry Research Center, 125A Lake Oswego Road, Chatsworth, NJ 08019-2006

Rufus Isaacs, Professor, isaacsr@msu.edu

Department of Entomology, Michigan State University; 578 Wilson Road, Room 202, East Lansing, MI 48824

Ash Sial, Assistant Professor, ashsial@uga.edu

Department of Entomology, University of Georgia; 463D Biological Sciences Building, Athens, GA 30602-2603

Kent Daane, Extension Specialist, kdaane@ucanr.edu

Department of Environ Science, Policy, & Management, University of California, Berkeley; 212 Wellman Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720

Joanna Chiu, Assistant Professor, jcchiu@ucdavis.edu

Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis; One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616

Peter Shearer, Professor, peter.shearer@oregonstate.edu

Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University; Mid-Columbia Agricultural Research & Extension Center, 3005 Experiment Station Drive, Hood River, OR 97031

Collaborating investigators

Zachary Brown, Assistant Professor, zack_brown@ncsu.edu

Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, North Carolina State University; Campus Box 8109, Raleigh, NC 27695-8109

Ke Dong, Professor, dongk@msu.edu

Department of Entomology, Michigan State University; 293 Farm Lane, Room 438b, East Lansing, MI 48824

Frank Drummond, Professor, frank.drummond@umit.maine.edu

School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine; 305 Deering Hall, Orono, ME 044698

Miguel Gomez, Associate Professor, mig7@cornell.edu

School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University; 137 Reservoir Ave, Ithaca, NY 14850

Larry Gut, Professor, gut@msu.edu

Department of Entomology, Michigan State University; 578 Wilson Road, Room 205b, East Lansing, MI 48824

Kim Hoelmer, Research Entomologist, kim.hoelmer@ars.usda.gov

USDA Agricultural Research Service; 501 South Chapel Street, Newark, DE 19713-3814

Max Scott, Professor, max_scott@ncsu.edu

Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University; Campus Box 7613, Raleigh, NC 27695-7613

Zain Syed, Assistant Professor, zsyed@nd.edu

Department of Biological Sciences, Notre Dame University; 100 Galvin Life Sciences Center, Notre Dame, IN 46556

Frank Zalom, Professor, fgzalom@ucdavis.edu

Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis; One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616

USDA NIFA Organic Agriculture Research and Extension Initiative

Project title: Development and implementation of systems-based organic management strategies for spotted wing drosophila

Total Amount awarded: $2,000,000

Duration: 3 years

Project Director: Dr. Ashfaq (Sial) Ahmad, Assistant Professor, Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 463D Biological Sciences Building, Athens, GA 30602. E-mail: ashsial@uga.edu

Co-PD(s):

Dr. Hannah J. Burrack, Associate Professor, Department of Entomology, Box 7634, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695. Email: hjburrac@ncsu.edu

Dr. Matthew J. Grieshop, Associate Professor, Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 205 Center for Integrated Plant Systems, East Lansing, MI 48824. Email: grieshop@msu.edu

Dr. Christelle Guédot, Assistant Professor and Extension Specialist, Department of

Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 546 Russel Laboratories, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706. Email: guedot@wisc.edu

Dr. Kelly A. Hamby, Assistant Professor and Extension Specialist, Department of

Entomology, University of Maryland, 4112 Plant Sciences Building, College Park, MD 20742. Email: kahamby@umd.edu

Dr. Rufus Isaacs, Professor, Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 202B Center for Integrated Plant Systems, East Lansing, MI 48824. Email: isaacsr@msu.edu

Dr. Mary A. Rogers, Assistant Professor, Sustainable & Organic Horticultural Food Production Systems, Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, 305 Alderman Hall, 1970 Folwell Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108. Email: roge0168@umn.edu

Dr. Vaughn M. Walton, Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture, ALS 4105C,

Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331. Email: vaughn.walton@oregonstate.edu

Co-PI(s):

Dr. Donn T. Johnson, Professor, Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, 319 Agriculture Building, Fayetteville, AR 72701. Email: dtjohnso@uark.edu

Dr. Jana Lee, Research Entomologist, Horticultural Crops Research, United States

Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330. Email: Jana.Lee@ars.usda.gov

Dr. Tracy C. Leskey, Research Entomologist, Appalachian Fruit Research Laboratory,

United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, 2217 Wiltshire

Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430. Email: Tracy.Leskey@ars.usda.gov

Dr. Oscar E. Liburd, Professor, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, 970 Natural Area Drive, Gainsville, FL 32611. Email: oeliburd@ufl.edu

Dr. Jennie H. Popp, Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics and

Agribusiness, University of Arkansas, 218B Agriculture Building, Fayetteville, AR 72701. Email: jhpopp@uark.edu

Dr. Peter W. Shearer, Professor, Oregon State University, Mid-Columbia Agricultural Research & Extension Center, 3005 Experiment Station Drive, Hood River, OR 97031. Email: Peter.Shearer@oregonstate.edu

Dr. Alexandra Stone, Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture – eOrganic, Oregon State University, 4017 Ag Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR 97331. Email: Alex.Stone@oregonstate.edu

Dr. Frank G. Zalom, Professor, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California Davis, 374 Briggs Hall, Davis, CA 95616. Email:

fgzalom@ucdavis.edu

Publications in peer review scientific journals

Abraham, J., A. Zhang, S. Abubeker, S. Angeli, and C. Rodriguez-Saona. 2015. Behavioral and antennal responses of spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, to volatiles from fruit extracts. Environmental Entomology 44: 356-367.

Lee, J.C., D.T. Dalton, K.A. Swoboda-Bhattarai, D.J. Bruck, H.J. Burrack, B.C. Strik, J.M. Moltz, and V.M. Walton. 2015. Characterization and manipulation of fruit susceptibility to Drosophila suzukii. Journal of Pest Science. DOI 10.1007/s10340-015-0692-9

Hardin, J.A., D.A. Kraus, and H.J. Burrack. 2015. Diet quality mitigates larval competition in Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura). Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 156: 59-65. Burrack, H.J., M Asplen, L. Bahder, F. Drummond, C. Guédot, R. Isaacs, D. Johnson, A. Kirk, J. Lee, G. Loeb, C. Rodriguez-Saona, S. Van Timmeren, D.R. McPhie1. 2015. Multistate comparison of attractants for monitoring Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberries and caneberries. Environmental Entomology. DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvv022

Diepenbrock, L.M., K.A. Swoboda-Bhattarai and H.J. Burrack. In review. Invited manuscript: Utilization of a suboptimal non-crop host may facilitate damage to crop by the invasive vinegar fly Drosophila suzukii. Journal of Pest Science.

Pelton E., C. Gratton, R. Isaacs, S. Van Timmeren, Anna Blanton, and C. Guédot. Invited manuscript: Earlier activity of Drosophila suzukii in high woodland landscapes but relative abundance is unaffected. Journal of Pest Science.

Diepenbrock, L.M., D.O. Rosensteel, J.A. Hardin, A.A. Sial, and H.J. Burrack. Accepted. Evaluation of season-long management strategies for Drosophila suzukii in southeastern blueberry crops. Crop Protection.

Stephens, A.R., M.K. Asplen, W.D. Hutchison and R.C. Venette. 2015. Cold hardiness of winter acclimated Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) adults.  Environmental Entomology DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvv134

Asplen, M.K., G. Anfora, A. Biondi, D.-S. Choi, D. Chu, K.M. Daane, P. Gibert, A.P. Gutierrez, K.M. Hoelmer, W.D. Hutchison, R. Isaacs, Z.-L. Jiang, Z. Kárpáti, M.T. Kimura, M. Pascual, C.R. Philips, C. Plantamp, L. Ponti, G. Vétek, H. Vogt, V.M. Walton, Y. Yu, L. Zappalà and N. Desneux. 2015. Invasion biology of spotted wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii): a global perspective and future priorities.  Journal of Pest Science 88: 469-494.  DOI:10.1007/s10340-015-0681-z

Miller, Betsey, Gianfranco Anfora, Matt Buffington, Kent M. Daane, Daniel T. Dalton, Kim M. Hoelmer, Marco Valerio Rossi Stacconi, Alberto Grassi, Claudio Ioriatti, Augusto Loni, Jeffrey C. Miller, M’bark Ouantar, Xingeng Wang, Nik G. Wiman, and Vaughn M. Walton. 2015. Seasonal occurrence of resident parasitoids associated with Drosophila suzukii in two small fruit production regions of Italy and the USA. Bulletin of Insectology 68(2): 255-263.

Tochen, Samantha, J. Megan Woltz, Daniel T. Dalton, Jana Lee, Nik G. Wiman, and Vaughn M. Walton. 2015. Humidity affects populations of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberry. Journal of Applied Entomology, in press. DOI:10.1111/jen.12247 (accepted 21 May 2015).

Klick, Jimmy, Wei Q. Yang, Vaughn M. Walton, Daniel T. Dalton, James R. Hagler, Amy J. Dreves, Jana Lee, and Denny J. Bruck. 2015. Distribution and activity of Drosophila suzukii in cultivated raspberry and surrounding vegetation. Journal of Applied Entomology, in press. DOI:10.1111/jen.12234  (accepted 5 April 2015).

Rossi Stacconi, Marco Valerio, Matt Buffington, Kent M. Daane, Daniel T. Dalton, Alberto Grassi, Gülay Kaçar, Betsey Miller, Jeffrey C. Miller, Nuray Baser, Claudio Ioriatti, Vaughn M. Walton, Nik G. Wiman, Xingeng Wang, and Gianfranco Anfora. 2015. Host stage preference, efficacy and fecundity of parasitoids attacking Drosophila suzukii in newly invaded areas. Biological Control 84: 28-35.

Ioriatti, Claudio, Vaughn M. Walton, Daniel T. Dalton, Gianfranco Anfora, Alberto Grassi, Simone Maistri, and Valerio Mazzoni. 2015. Drosophila suzukii and its potential imact to wine grapes during harvest in two cool climate wine grape production regions. Journal of Economic Entomology 108(3): 1148-1155.

Agnello, A., Landers, A., and Loeb, G. 2015. A fixed-spray system for spotted wing drosophila management in high tunnel bramble crops. Journal of Berry Research 5: 81-88. 

Cowles, R.S, Rodriguez-Saona, C., Holdcraft, R., Loeb, G.M., Elsensohn, J.E., and Hesler, S.P. 2015. Sucrose improves insecticide activity against Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Journal of Economic Entomology 108: 640-653.

Cha, D.H., Hesler, S.P., Park, S.Y., Adams, T., Zack, R., Rogg, H., Loeb, G.M., Landolt, P.J.  2015. Simpler is better: fewer nontarget insects trapped with a 4-component synthetic lure verses a chemically comples food-type bait for Drosophila suzukii. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 154: 251-260.

Wallingford, A.K., Hesler, S.P., Cha, D.H., and Loeb, G.M. 2015. Behavioral response of spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, to aversive odors and a potential oviposition deterrent in the field.  Pest Management Science, In Press. 

Extension publications and presentations

See individual state reports for more detail. Others are listed below.

Spears LR and RA Ramirez. 2014. Invasive insect field guide for Utah. Utah Plant Pest Diagnostic Laboratory (UPPDL) and USU Extension Publication.

Spears LR. 2014. Update on spotted wing drosophila and brown marmorated stink bug. Utah Pests News, Utah Plant Pest Diagnostic Laboratory (UPPDL) and USU Extension Publication. Vol 8: Fall edition.

Spears LR, DG Alston, and RA Ramirez. 2015. Current status of spotted wing drosophila in Utah. Entomological Society of America (National Meeting), Minneapolis, MN – Poster

Spears LR. 2015. Early detection of invasive pests. Western Horticultural Inspectors Society, Salt Lake City, UT.

Spears LR. 2015. Workshop series: invasive pests in backyard fruit trees and berries. Various locations (6) along the Wasatch Front, UT.

Spears LR. 2015. Updates on brown marmorated stink bug and spotted wing drosophila in Utah. Utah State University Annual Extension Conference, Thanksgiving Point, UT. Spears LR. 2015. Updates on brown marmorated stink bug and spotted wing drosophila in Utah. Utah State Horticultural Association, Spanish Fork, UT.

Lee, J, Dreves, A., Isaacs, R., Loeb, G., Thistlewood, H., and Brewer, L.  Noncrop host plants of spotted wing drosophila in north America.  Fact sheet produced through Oregon State University Extension  Sevice, EM 9113, April 2015.  http://www.ipm.msu.edu/uploads/files/SWD/em9113.pdf

Agnello, A, Landers, A, and Loeb, Gl. 2014.  A Fixed-Spray System for Spotted Wing Drosophila Management in High Tunnel Raspberries. NY Fruit Quarterly 22: 19-24.