Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

NC-170 meeting 2015. Held at the University of Minnesota, McNeal Hall Day 1: August 6, 2015 Meeting started at 8:26 AM Update from Advisor: Handout. Suggestion to update impact statement. Announced Eicher Symposium, Goldstein Gallery exhibit and 2016 Symposium Fashion and the Body all being held at University of Minnesota. We are currently at the midterm of our research and need to start talking about future research to be ready to write new proposal. Review our focus. Submission deadline is January 2017. Be sure to include funding proposals completed. Marilyn will also be stepping down as our advisor a soon as a replacement is found. Please submit suggested replacements to her. This person should be in a current Administrative position (Department chair, director or dean) in the North Central region. Suggested that we might think about inviting Sara Delheimer (national impact writer) to come to our next meeting to discuss better reporting techniques. 2012 NC-170 North Central Region winner for best collaboration/proposal State reports: HI – Surveyed Taiwan firefighters. Looking to further research for both professional and lay people. Design idea is to create protective gear for lay people on the premise that we have life preservers to save people from drowning but nothing to protect lay people from fire outbreak. IA – Veridian in Spencer IA has reached out for design solutions specific to the coats and trouser. Looking for innovative design that match the NFPA 1971 standards. They are the 5th largest bunker gear manufacturer in US and produce 100% of their gear in the US. NY (ITH) – Huiju - Research on lower body movement. SCBA is identical size on everyone – impacts range of movement. Fan based cooling for protective equipment. Ice hockey gear company in Buffalo – neck lacerations issue. Filed for patent on work. Susan - glove fit test for Honeywell. Scanned hands/scanned gloves and compared. Data is being analyzed. Coverall project – Davis, CA has data on wear test, still being analyzed. Going forward, half scale research and donning and doffing protective gear in Ebola environment. Bike project for active positions. http://Styleengineers.org – STEM website. Core age group is 11 – 14 but 5th graders and high school age have also participated. Password is “letmein” NY (BUFF) – Body scanning firefighters and having them self-disclose bunker gear size. Taking basic measurements of coat and trousers to try to determine ease. CO – Body scanning of 15 firefighters (9 females, 6 males). Focus group discuss fit issues. 85 body scans for hospital gowns. Identified areas of poor fit. Shoulder came up as an area of not enough movement, while the gown overall is too large (particularly for thin or underweight patients). Also backpack design to mountain rescue workers – they typically use backpacks off the shelf but this is unsatisfactory for their work. MN – Anthropometry (ears) – creating an ear piece for Honeywell. Everyone’s ear canal bends differently and there is no good way of determining the shape. Ear casting may be in the future, CT scans are a possibility. Implications for sizing and fit of sensor embedded garments. ANSUR and ASTM fit shirts based on chest measure. No one-to-one measure between the two databases. “Pretending” what is accurate through averages. Creation of a sizing system for t-shirts embedded with heart sensors. How does an exact location, such as the heart, effect clothing sizing system. Color changing materials out of CA Irvine – how might these be used in protective apparel? Film based right now but wants to put this technology on textiles. Shows exposure to acid, shows stress. Manufacturing of electronic textiles – stitching electronics in clothing, turning the wires, durability, etc. are issues. MD – Work on performance standards is ongoing. An International Center for PPE for Pesticide Operators and Re-entry Workers is being established at UMES. One of the major activities next year would be coordination of an international wear study to determine the performance of garments with repellent finish. Laundering affects performance of these garments. The study will allow comparison of use and care on garment performance. CA – Peg is still contributing to project in objective 1 with pesticides. Gang is also working with pesticide related issues using fumicants to kills pests in soil – important for strawberries. Very toxic and has emissions. Also used to kill termites (Methyl Bromide) – developed paper that can be hung in the air to show if fumes are still in the air. Ning Pan working on liquid transport properties – theoretical right now but people are developing textiles. Many new members were present at this meeting. Marilyn told the group how to become members: Official members AES stations within NIMMS systems. Go to your universities station to register. Money should be available to travel through a grant to the land grant school – 25% of this funding must go to state research groups. Administrative advisor works with the chair to come up with hotel and logistics, then the Advisor inputs this information to announce to all stations. Discussion on how to get funding for travel – through AES, grants, department. New members were invited to tell us about their research interest area: Carla – Lots of volunteer fire departments in the San Antonio area. Discuss firefighter bunker gear, acquisition of gear, what the firefighters wants and how to get items to them. Chunhui – Nanotechnology. Heat insulating materials for firefighters. Interested in material science. New materials for pesticides. Jooyoun – Material Science. Polymer forming fibers. Superhydrophonic surfaces and omniphobic surfaces; making them more durable. Worked at 3M on respirators for better particle capturing efficiency (non-wovens). Works with nanotechnology center in KS vet school. Mary – wearable electronics for health care. EKG and blood oxygen and respiratory functions – information gathering. Hong – Nanofibers, application in protective garments. Has spun antimicrobial fibers. Wants to explore using nanofibers in PPE. Strong fiber, lightweight and cheaper than Kevlar. Discussion on New Proposal PPE for lay people or high risk activities. Fire specifically. Blankets are common. Follow Taipei fire victims and document burning injuries. Equates to life preserver. Immediate protection for the 30 seconds or 1 minute it takes to escape. OK – developing protective spaces for people caught in tornadoes. Need impact protection. Also weather center in OK – helping people to keep from overheating when people have to work in hot fields. Agricultural issues, oil fields. NY – viral protection. Firefighter ISO se14 – International firefighter gear. Child masks – huge need in Asian countries, no standard for them (lay people). May go in with Ebola work. Donning and doffing Ebola protective garments Meeting adjourned at 12:00 for lunch. The afternoon included a tour of the 3M campus. Day 2: August 7, 2015 Meeting started at 8:30 AM Election of Officers: Chair: Lucy Dunne Vice-Chair: Lynn Boorady Secretary: Fatma Baytar 2016 meeting date & location: August 4 & 5, 2016 in Buffalo, NY • Writer for next submission of 5 year research plan: Lynn Boorady (main) and Young-A Lee • Get the objectives nailed down before next meeting Future Planning: Focus on next year – collaborations • Juan Hinestroza – “Manufacturing innovation institute on revolutionary textiles and fibers” Government grant due September 21, 2015. National network of manufacturing innovation. One of Obama’s six initiatives – focus on textile and fiber manufacturing. Overall funding is 47 million over 5 years. Requirement is one-to-one matching tuition stipends, usage time and facilities can be used to meet the Collection management up to one year, support for faculty can all be included. Advanced Functional Fabrics of America. Each school should contact Juan to get information on the next step for inclusion on this project. Each school is at a different step in the process and Juan can let you know what needs to be done. Links to information were sent to each school via an email from Juan. Design group started by having everyone discuss their current research: Huiju – open to collaboration Susan – half scale; Ebola Shu-Hwa – body scan with Kinect, burning textiles lay person/professional protection, PCM glove Lynn – Body scanning FF, lay people/professional fire protection Juyeon – body scanning FF (Male and female) Fatma – Virtual prototyping with Optitex, modeling functional garments Young – New design of coats and trousers issues and challenges for FF with Veridian; grading for FF gear Carla – Local FF in San Antonio; Helping departments communicate bunker gear needs. Lucy – Empirical variability study what can we measure from the scans right now; measure in a different way. Looking to identify specific areas on the body surface or inside the body through scan data. Manufacturing of anything. Mary – Sensing systems, developing ways of textile based electrodes and transferring them into signals. Obese men in the CAESAR data Product Development/Design group decided to determine how to proceed in the coming year. It was determined that focusing on female firefighters would be our best area and it could include everyone. • Colorado will send protocol for body scanning female firefighters. Do they have a different physique from the general public? How might this impact fit? Contact the female FF (IFFA) organization to get their support and perhaps help direct us to participants near our locations. Young has a bunker gear pattern from Veridian. OK will check to see if CAESAR data is available for us to use. IA will work on virtual prototyping system to explore the sizing and fit of bunker gear in a virtual world. Lynn – get pattern of firefighter bunker gear from Karen…? Textile/Material Science group: Three new members are working on fiber and protective functions (Washington, Iowa and Kansas State). Objective 4 area. Discussion focused on future planning and developing a research agenda. NC-170 as a group needs to think about environmental issues when researching/designing. Current objectives. Current objectives were reviewed and it was determined that we have worked on all we have written. Additional work will be completed this year. Anugrah mentioned a new workgroup on biological protection and viral protection. Any material science person interested, please contact her. Thermal protection is need for all protective garments. Anugrah discussion: Dissemination of information should be included in our objectives? Susan – distribution through research papers is the only thing supported by our institutions and we cannot ask for any additional work from the group. Developing an outreach program is difficult and time consuming, requires a different set of skills. Maybe work with NFPA or firefighter groups so that they know about the work we do – discuss with the people who make the standards. Format? Impacts need to have practical application. ASTM sizing is suggested. Anugrah will help us get in touch with groups to see if there is any mutual benefits to open discussions. Perhaps invite industry/standards individuals to our annual meeting. Making these contacts is important at this stage and perhaps they can come to Buffalo. Follow up on the question of inviting Sara (national impact writer) to our next meeting? Everyone watch the impact video (Prezi presentation) and determine if it would be helpful. http://www.waaesd.org/research-reporting Current objectives: Objective 1: Examine acceptance and barriers to acceptance of PPE products and protective clothing, including hand, foot and headwear: A. foundation anthropometric and ergonomic research B. user acceptance and barriers to acceptance in domain areas of fire protection, chemical protection and medical environment. Objective 2: Assess and improve protection and human factor performance of PPE and protective clothing (including hand, foot and headwear) through research and product development: a. Assessment of HF variables in protective clothing B. design research and development in domain areas of fire protection, chemical protection, and medical environments. Objective 3: Develop research-based performance guidelines and standards for personal protective equipment and protective clothing: A. establish performance guidelines and/or standards for domain areas of fire protective footwear and glove protection for pesticide handlers B. establish sizing and fit guidelines for fire protective equipment. Objective 4: Develop novel functionality in materials for PPE: a. research novel environmentally friendly materials and technologies that can provide protective functions; B. research on novel textile-integrated sensing techniques C. evaluation of the performance of the materials for personal protective applications. Brainstorming new objectives for next five year proposal: • Explore laypeople • (typically for first responders, spell out for true inclusivity; refers to a single garment or multiple hazards) = Chemical, biological, radiation, nuclear. • Continue to explore how outreach can be included in the objectives Detailed discussion for future projects: Protection for lay people Thermal Impact Chemical, biological, radiation, nuclear – include child sizing (fit, function, etc.) Thermal for Agricultural workers Cleaning/self-cleaning/non-laundering Wash durability International comparison of firefighter PPE Ebola Updates to the website were discussed. Anugrah will be contacting new members to get updated information. Last year’s annual report is not on the website. Meeting ended at noon to go to lunch. Afternoon had a tour of the University of MN facilities.

ACCOMPLISHMENTS Objective 1: Examine acceptance and barriers to acceptance of PPE products and protective clothing, including hand, foot, and headwear: A. foundation anthropometric and ergonomic research B. user acceptance and barriers to acceptance in domain areas of fire protection, chemical protection and medical environments. • BUFF has been body scanning firefighters to build the database of 3D scans. • CO compared fit and comfort issues associated the structural firefighter’s uniform pants across the sexes, based subjective fit assessment and scientific data of 3D body scan and range of motion. 15 firefighters, recruited from local fire stations, participated in the study. • CO assessed key landmark body points that possibly cause fit problems with hospital patient gowns. 85 participants of all ages participated in the study, and performed a series of measurement experiments including 3D body scanning and scenarios activities. • CO interviewed 10 mountain rescue workers to identify psychological and biomechanical concerns with their backpack design. • MN assessed current knowledge about the variability in inner ear anthropometry through surveys of existing literature. Findings point to the need for a survey measuring internal dimensions and curvatures, particularly the angle(s) and curvature of the ear canal in the coronal plane. A user test of an in-ear physiological measurement device shows enough variability in inner ear anthropometry to cause discomfort in around 75% of participants wearing a one-size earpiece. • CA conducted a survey of pesticide applicators about protective gloves which included both open-ended and multiple choice items indicated cost was a key factor in identifying a glove as a favorite and durability was noted as the feature most in need of improvement. A multiple choice question calling for identification of glove materials from samples provided by the researchers reinforced previous concerns about applicators’ confusion about protective glove materials; the only material correctly identified by half or more of four different groups was disposable nitrile. A recommendation based on this finding is to have information about glove material added to the gloves themselves. Observation of promotional material already on the gloves suggests this could be a cost-effective solution to the problem. Objective 2: Assess and improve protection and human factor performance of PPE and protective clothing (including hand, foot, and headwear) through research and product development: A. assessment of HF variables in protective clothing. B. design research and development in domain areas of fire protection, chemical protection, and medical environments. • BUFF developed a questionnaire on the fit of bunker gear. Firefighters self-disclose their bunker gear sizes and this is compared to their body scan to determine if there is any correlation to ease preference. • NY: A fit test of three coverall styles (one test prototype and two market styles) was conducted with 50 participants. Participants were scanned while wearing each coverall minimally clothed and in the coveralls, in a standing position and four active positons, and reported favorable and unfavorable features of each. Based on questionnaire responses, and visual analysis of the processed scans the DuPont coverall was the least favored of the three, followed by KleenGuard, and then the Cornell prototype. The 3D scans allowed us to observe fit problems that were not mentioned by participants, and to verify participant comments of each coverall design. Participants experienced better range of movement with a closer fit in the prototype coverall. • NY has begun on the development of a disposable hood/visor/facemask unit designed to be used by healthcare workers working with Ebola patients. Many different factors including full protection from fluids or vapor droplets, sizing and fit, movement, moderation of vision restrictions, anti-fogging features, thermal comfort, eye contact and expression in moderating patient-worker interactions, and safe doffing are under consideration. • NY beginning a project looking at the possibility of using half scale active body forms for design and testing of protective clothing. We have developed three different methods of making a form from a scan, sliced stacked foam, 3D printing, and creation of heavy tagboard frames in conjunction with a fabric ‘skin’ stuffed with polyfil. A project looking at half scale bike short fit on active forms compared to the full scale garment on the body. We hope to use pressure sensors in this study. • Cornell is also assessing human factor variables in firefighters’ boots and airpack. In particular, the height of boot and size of airpack are the same to all firefighters, as NFPA 1971 does not have any specific requirements for these two items. This study investigated impacts of boot height and size of airpack on firefighters’ mobility and comfort. A series of human performance tests and interview were conducted with 16 firefighters. The study included 1) 3D motion analysis to assess the impact of the boots height on firefighters’ lower body movement in firefighters’ typical tasks (e.g., walking, duck-walking, ladder climbing and ladder locking), and 2) 3D body scanning to evaluate the level of upper body mobility restriction by wearing a helmet and airpack. Data is currently being analyzed. • In collaboration with the Longmont Fire Department, CO evaluated the physiological human performance of prototype PPE (Honeywell), relative to existing PPE (Quest). 10 firefighters (6 males and 4 females) were recruited from the department, and heart rate, breathing rate, and skin temperature were assessed during treadmill walking. • CO developed an exploratory wearable device for fall protection using accelerometers and CO2-triggered airbag sensors. • CO conducted a collaborative design project with the Health and Exercise Science department and developed a weight support harness as a wearable assistive device for weight loss. • Iowa-based fire protective gear company, Veridian’s design team contacted our team to work on turnout gear design solutions. Iowa State apparel design students supervised by Lee worked on this project by reviewing their current turnout gear designs for structural firefighting apparel and recommending changes to improve the garment’s performance in the areas of comfort and mobility. • IA team of researchers from different disciplines has been formed and secured funding for the project to focus on the key issues of chemical protective clothing (CPC) performance and heat strain associated with wearing protective materials. The work includes multi-level evaluation approaches to determine the comfort and strain in CPC, to relate the characterized fabric and garment properties to the physiological responses from human wear trials. • MN began the design of a wearable chemical-sensing alert system that converts color change to a tactile alert. A works-like system prototype and a looks-like housing prototype were produced. Objective 3: Develop research-based performance guidelines and standards for personal protective equipment and protective clothing: A. establish performance guidelines and/or standards for domain areas of fire protective footwear and glove protection for pesticide handlers B. establish sizing and fit guidelines for fire protective equipment. • NY conducted a fit and sizing test was of two styles of firefighter glove. Twenty-eight male and five female firefighters were recruited and asked to choose the size of glove in each model that they felt provided the best fit. Participants completed questionnaires assessing their perception of glove function and fit after performing simple actions to test dexterity. Scans were taken of each firefighter’s dominant hand, and then the same hand in the glove. The firefighter’s current glove was also scanned when available. Anthropometric data of hand dimensions were calculated. Glove and hand scans were merged in order to investigate the fit in three dimensions. Data from both questionnaires and scans identified two areas of the gloves that could be modified to provide a better fit; the length of the thumb in both models and positioning of the finger crotches in one of the models. • NY conducted a series of human performance tests with 12 firefighters (8 males and 4 females) to assess the incremental impact of firefighters’ personal protective equipment on lower body mobility and foot function to suggest areas of design improvement for enhanced mobility and safety. The study found that wearing inflexible fireboots caused the greatest restriction of foot pronation, gait instability and slowest response time on the ground, which can increase risk of musculoskeletal injuries on fireground. The negative impacts of wearing inflexible boots were greater for female firefighters, which was supported by greater reduction in range of motion. In addition, women are intrinsically more vulnerable to sudden or forced change in gait on unfavorable ground than men because of a greater Q-angle (alignment angle between the pelvis and knee). Therefore, the negative impacts from wearing inflexible boots can aggravate female firefighters’ risk of lower body injuries. • MN conducted a sizing and fit analysis assessing the amount of variability in rib position within each ASTM size for different hypothetical garment sizing schemes. Results show a variability between 50 and 174mm for torso length within a given size, which has significant implications for sensor placement (i.e. for ECG monitoring) in ready-to-wear sensing garments. • UMES participated in collaborative studies to determine the variability in spray distribution as a result of the spray nozzle in the spray test. This method is used to measure the performance of Level 2 garments in ISO 27065 and ASTM 2669. The results were shared at the ISO meeting. • UMES - The two ISO Committee Drafts have been accepted as EN/ISO work items (ISO/CD 19918 - Protection against liquid chemicals — Measurement of cumulative permeation of chemicals with low vapour pressure and solubility in liquid/gaseous collector medium through protective clothing and glove materials and ISO/CD 18889 Protective gloves for pesticide operators — Performance requirements). Both drafts are being revised and will be submitted to ISO to be balloted at DIS drafts. Comments received for ISO/EN DIS 27065 are being used to revise the draft. Objective 4: Develop novel functionality in materials for PPE: A. Research on novel environmentally friendly materials and technologies that can provide protective functions. B. Research on novel textile-integrated sensing techniques C. evaluation of the performance of the materials for personal protective applications. • NY- Cornell conducted research examining the performance of self-decontaminating technologies in chemically protective apparel specifically the incorporation of polyoxometalates on fibrous substrates and their ability to decontaminate the VX nerve gas simulant methyl parathion. The objective was to examine two types of polyoxometalate attachment techniques, compare their toxin degradation performance, scale some of the samples to a coverall size, and determine if polyoxometalate (POM) attachment affects the breathability of the garment. Polyoxometalates were selected for this study as they are catalytic substances, thereby able to degrade a toxin into less harmful bi-products, and then upon exposure to ambient air, self-regenerate and be ready to degrade more toxins for an indefinite number of cycles. Some preliminary results suggest that they may even degrade the degradation products. If incorporated into protective clothing they could reduce hazardous waste by being re-useable due to their catalytic nature and enable PPE to be made with greater breathability. First POM particles were synthesized. High surface area and low surface area electrospun cellulose membranes and cellulose acetate blend membranes were fabricated, and their surface areas were quantified using BET analysis. POM’s were attached to textile substrates including the electrospun membranes, 100% cotton, 65/35 polycotton, and 65/35 polycotton treated with N-halamines using two methods. (Substrate dimensions and thickness were controlled.) The first method of POM attachment was covalent grafting, and the second method was electrostatic binding. The percent add-on of POM particles on the substrates was quantified using thermal analysis. The substrates were then exposed to the VX nerve gas toxin simulant methyl parathion for one week, and aliquots were withdrawn periodically in order to measure the degradation of the toxin. It was determined that higher surface area electrospun cellulose and electrospun cellulose acetate blends resulted in some of the highest percent POM add-ons and complete degradation of the toxin simulant within 5 days while lower surface area electrospun cellulose acetate membranes and cotton took almost the full week to degrade the toxin simulant. Polycotton substrates resulted in moderate POM percent add-on and moderate toxin degradation, but did not fully decontaminate the toxin within one week. There was no significant difference in the decontamination performance of the covalently POM-grafted samples and their electrostatically POM-bound counterparts. Decontamination of the toxin was proportional to the amount of POM grafted to the substrates. Four coveralls were fabricated, two controls (a 100% cotton plain weave fabric and a 65/35 polycotton plain weave fabric) and two treated fabrics (100% cotton plain weave with electrostatically bound POM and a 65/35 polycotton plain weave treated with N-halamines and electrostatically bound POM) using a scaled procedure for POM attachment to achieve the same percent add-on as was measured for the small scale substrate samples. The thermal insulation, evaporative resistance, and permeability index of the coveralls was determined via measurement with a thermal manikin. Results showed that POM attachment had little to no affect on the thermal insulation or water vapor permeability of the coveralls while it had only a slightly inhibiting effect on the evaporative resistance of the cotton coveralls and no inhibiting effect of the evaporative resistance of the polycotton coveralls. Statistical analysis of these results is in progress. These results indicate that POM attachment on protective clothing could be successful at degrading chemical warfare agents while enabling maximized thermal comfort for the wearer. Cornell conducted research on developing new metal-organic frameworks capable of changing colors as they are exposed to gases or radiation. These molecules can be used as sensors once they are coated into textile atches. • MN conducted an analysis of the application of a stitched textile-based sensor to the problem of detecting spinal curvature (for seated and working postures, as well as for spinal deformities like kyphosis). Results show that the sensor can effectively be used for this purpose, but that performance improves when the garment is tethered, as in a leotard, vs. when the garment is loose. • MN developed a method for surface-mount attachment of electronic components to e-textile circuit boards. • CA has developed novel technologies to prepare rechargeable biocidal microfiber wipers and mops for surface disinfecting purposes • CA has developed two fumigant colorimetric sensors for protection of farm workers, and have licensed both to industry. • CA has investigated the in-plane fluid transport characteristics of needle-punched nonwoven padding bandages. Padding is an essential component in a multilayer compression bandaging system, used inside the compression bandage through which substantial amount of pressure is exerted on the limb of patient for treatment of venous leg ulcers. As a result, the liquid transmission behavior of padding is very critical in managing body fluids or sweat exuded from the affected limb, reducing the excessive moisture build-up around the wound and thereby ensuring comfort to and hence a better compliance from the patients.

Books Watkins, S.M. and Dunne, L.E. (2015) Functional Clothing Design: Sportswear to Space Suits. New York: Fairchild Books Book Chapters Dunne, L.E., Simon, C., and Gioberto, G. (2015) E-Textiles in the Apparel Factory: Leveraging Cut-And-Sew Technology Toward the Next Generation of Smart Garments. In Barfield, Thomas, and Martin (Eds.), Fundamentals of Wearable Computers and Augmented Reality, 2nd edition. Boca Raton: CRC Press Dunne, L.E. (2015) Technology and Sustainable Futures. In Hethorn and Ulasewicz (Eds.), Sustainable Fashion: What’s Next? A Conversation about Issues, Practices and Possibilities, 2nd Edition. New York: Fairchild Books. Dunne, L.E. (2014) Wearable Technology. In Britannica Book of the Year, 2014. Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica Dunne, L.E., Profita, H., and Zeagler, C. (2014) Social Aspects of Wearability and Interaction. In Sasznov, and Neuman (Eds.), Wearable Sensors: Fundamentals, Implementation, and Application. (pp. 25-44) New York: Elsevier Gang Sun, Prevention of Hospital and Community Acquired Infections by Using Antibacterial Textiles and Clothing, RSC Polymer Chemistry Series No. 10 Polymeric Materials with Antimicrobial Activity: From Synthesis to Applications Edited by Alexandra Munoz-Bonilla, Mar?a L. Cerrada and Marta Fernandez-Garc?ar, The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. Referred Journal Articles Boorady, L. M. (under review). Bunker gear for fire fighters: Does it fit today’s firefighters? Journal of Textile, Apparel and Technology Management. Gioberto, G., and Dunne, L.E. (2014) Garment-Integrated Bend Sensor. Electronics, 3(4), 564-581. Han Y, Obendorf SK, Reactivity and reusability of immobilized zinc oxide nanoparticles in fibers on methyl parathion decontamination. Textile Research Journal. (2015); DOI: 10.1177/0123456789123456. Jankovska, D. (2015). Identifying fit issues for the one-size-fits-all hospital patient gown: an anthropometric approach. Unpublished master’s thesis. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO. Lange LE, Obendorf SK, Degradation Studies of Methyl Parathion when in CuBTC Metal Organic Framework, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 3:541–547(2015). Lange LE, Obendorf SK, Functionalization of Cotton Fiber by Partial Etherification and Self-Assembly of Polyoxometalate Encapsulated in Cu3(BTC)2 Metal?Organic Framework, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 7:3974–3980 (2015) DOI.org/10.1021/am506510q Langseth-Schmidt, K., & Park, J. (under review). Anthropometric fit evaluation of firefighters ’uniform pants: A gender comparison. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. Langseth-Schmidt, K. (2014). Anthropometric fit evaluation of structural firefighters’ uniform pants: A gender comparison study. Unpublished master’s thesis. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO. Lee, J-Y, Park, J., Park, H., Coca, A., Kim, J-H., Taylor, N.A.S., Son, S-Y., & Tochihara, Y. (2015, In press), What Do Firefighters Desire From the Next Generation of Personal Protective Equipment? Outcomes from an International Survey, Industrial Health. Ozer, R., Hinestroza, JP., One-step growth of isoreticular luminescent metal-organic frameworks on cotton fibers, RSC Advances (2015), 5 (20), 15198-15204. Park, H., Kim, S., Morris, K., Moukperian, M., Moon, Y., & Stull, J. (2015). Effect of Firefighters’ Personal Protective Equipment on Foot Function and Gait, Applied Ergonomics. 48, 42-48. Park, H., Trejo, H., Miles, M., Bauer, A., Kim, S., & Stull, J. (2015). Impact of Firefighters’ Turnout Gear on Lower Body Range of Motion, International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology. 27(3). 315-334. Park, H., Park, J., Lin S-H., & Boorady, L. (2014). Assessment of Firefighters’ Needs for Personal Protective Equipment, Fashion & Textiles, 1(1), 1-13. Park, H., Kim, S., Wu Y., & Allen, N. (2014), Beyond Protection: Technology and Design Moving toward Human Factors of Fire Gear, AATCC Review, (Impact factor: 0.254),14(5), 40-45. Park, H., & Hahn, K. (2014), Perception of Firefighters’ Turnout Ensemble and Level of Satisfaction by Body Movement, International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education. 7(2), 85-95. Reich, J., Wall, C., and Dunne, L.E. (2015) Design and Implementation of a Textile-Based Wearable Balance Belt (Technical Brief). ASME Journal of Medical Devices, 9(2). Shaw, A., and P. Schiffelbein. (2015). “Protective Clothing for Pesticide Operators: Part I - Selection of a Reference Test Chemical for Penetration Testing,” International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. doi: 10.1080/10803548.2015.107192 (Accepted for publication). Shaw, A., and P. Schiffelbein. (2015). “Protective Clothing for Pesticide Operators: Part II - Data Analysis of Fabric Characteristics,” International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. doi: 10.1080/10803548.2015.1071927 (Accepted for publication). Shaw A., C. Black, and C. Harned. (2015). “A Call for Clear and Accurate Communication about PPE for Dermal Protection,” Journal of Pesticide Safety Education, Volume 17. Online: http://maxpond.ext.vt.edu/ojs2/index.php/jpse/article/view/74. Jingyuan Zhuo and Gang Sun, Light-induced surface graft polymerizations initiated by an anthraquinone dye on cotton fibers, Carbohydrate Polymers, 2014 112, 158-164. Shaun P. Garland, Royal Y. Wang, Vijay Krishna Raghunathan, Kit S. Lam, Christopher J. Murphy, Paul Russell, Gang Sun, Tingrui Pan, Photopatternable and photoactive hydrogel for on-demand generation of hydrogen peroxide in cell culture, Biomaterials, 2014, Vol, 35, 1762-1770. Jing Zhu and Gang Sun, Facile Fabrication of Hydrophilic Nanofibrous Membranes with an Immobilized Metal–Chelate Affinity Complex for Selective Protein Separation, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2014, 6 (2), pp 925-932. Jing Zhu and Gang Sun, Fabrication and evaluation of nanofibrous membranes with photo-induced chemical and biological decontamination functions, RSC Adv., 2014, 4, 50858-50865, DOI: 10.1039/C4RA06102K Li, Jie, Tian, Long, Pan, Ning and Pan, Zhijuan (2014), Mechanical and electrical properties of the PA6/SWNTs nanofiber yarn by electrospinning, Polymer Engineering and Science, 54: 1618-1624. Hu, Sixiao, Sanliang Zhang, Ning Pan, You-Lo Hsieh (2014), High energy density supercapacitors from lignin derived submicron activated carbon fibers in aqueous electrolytes, Journal of Power Sources, 270, 106-112. Yu, Shengming, Yueming Li and Ning Pan (2014), KOH activated carbon/graphene nanosheets composites as high performance electrode materials in supercapacitor, RSC Advances, 4, 48758. Zhang, Diantang ZHANG, Ying SUN, Li Chen, Sanliang Zhang, Ning PAN (2014), Influence of fabric structure and thickness on the ballistic impact behavior of Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite laminate, Materials & Design, 54, 315-322. Zhang Sanliang and Ning Pan (2014), Supercapacitor Performance Evaluation, Advanced Energy Materials, 1401401. Pan Ning, Radko Kovar , Mehdi Kamali Dolatabadi , Ping Wang, Diantang Zhang, Ying Sun and Li Chen (2015), Origin of tensile strength of a woven sample cut in bias directions, Royal Society Open Science, 2: 140499. Sun F, Y Zhang, L Chen, M Zhang, N Pan (2015), Shear properties of three?dimensional woven composite reinforcements, Polymer Composites, DOI 10.1002/pc.23581. Tian, M., Pan, N., Qu, L., Guo, X., and Han, G. (2015), A theoretical analysis of local thermal equilibrium in fibrous materials, Thermal Science, 19, 69-82. Xie Chiyu, Jinku Wang, Dong Wang, Ning Pan and Moran Wang (2015), Lattice Boltzmann Modeling of Thermal Conduction in Composites with Thermal Contact Resistance, Communications in Computational Physics, 17, 1037 – 1055 Kumar Bipin, Apurba Das, Ning Pan, R. Alagirusamy, Rupali Gupta and Jitender Singh, Liquid Transmission Characteristics of Padding Bandages under Pressure, Journal of Biomaterials Applications, in press. Abolfazl Aghanouri and Gang Sun, Hansen Solubility Parameters As A Useful Tool in Searching Solvents for Soy Proteins?RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 1890–1892 DOI: 10.1039/c0xx00000x Abolfazl Aghanouri and Gang Sun, Characterization of Conformational Structures of Plant Proteins in Solutions, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 2015, 54 (1), pp 188–197 DOI: 10.1021/ie5032502 Jing Zhu and Gang Sun, Bio-functionalized nanofibrous membranes as a hybrid platform for selective antibody recognition and capturing, RSC Adv., 2015, 5,28115-28123, DOI: 10.1039/C5RA01140J. Bolin Ji, Peixin Tang, Kelu Yan, Gang Sun, Catalytic Actions of Alkaline Salts in Reactions between 1,2,3,4-Butanetetracarboxylic Acid and Cellulose: II. Esterification,Carbohydrate Polymers, V132 (2015) 228–236.