Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

-There was some debate on whether to hold next years meeting at a campus location or a central location. Rebecca mentioned that Richard would be willing to host the meeting at Michigan State if we decided on a campus location. Jeff suggested that it is easier and cheaper to go to a central location. Milo favored campus locations because it gives us opportunities to visit each other and learn about each others facilities.


-We decided to hold the meeting in St. Louis next year and consider visiting a campus in the following year.


-The dates of the meeting will be Thursday, September 23 and Friday, September 24, 2004.


-Rebecca agreed to ask Al Garverick to make arrangements for the meeting in a hotel near the airport in St. Louis.


-Carolyn Komar was elected secretary for next year.


-We discussed that we must be sure that impacts are in the annual report and that the report is done on time.


-Rebecca will check with Bill Koshar and contact us about how to prepare annual reports.


-Cliff will contact George Perry to see if he is interested in joining NC-1006. Perry has been at University of South Dakota for about a month.


Station reports


Kansas
Minnesota
Indiana

See hard copies of station reports.


The meeting was adjourned at noon.


Summary of Assigned Responsibilities


-All members


Add Kinder to mailing list.


Contact Jeff when you need CIDRs and Lutalyse.


Contact Richard Markham (e-mail: rmarkham@psiqv.com, phone: 800-759-3664 or 816-364-3777) when you need GnRH. Markham will ship GnRH directly to investigators.


Investigators will buy their own Kamars.


Send Richard electronic copies of our station reports.


-Ravlin


Check with Dr. Wintersteen to learn if there is a potential opportunity for our group to get some funding.


-Hamernik


Contact Rick Funston (University of Nebraska) and Bill Silvia (University of Kentucky) to see if they are interested in participating in this project.


-Krisher


Send Jeff an electronic copy of the spreadsheet that you use to manage the data from the initial experiment.


Ask Allen to make arrangements for the meeting in a hotel near the airport in St. Louis.


Check with Bill Koshar and contact us about how to prepare the annual report (not the station reports).


-Lamb


Prepare the protocol for Objective 2 and send it to the beef members of NC1006 for feedback.


Contact George Perry to see if he is interested in joining NC1006.


-Ottobre


Send Kinder minutes and invite him to the meeting next year.


-Pursley


Complete manuscript and send it out to all of the co-authors individually for comments.


Prepare the annual report this year (due November 24, 2003).


-Stevenson


Send out a revised protocol for Objective 1 to indicate times to record Kamar observations.


After you and Rebecca finalize the spreadsheet for the first experiment, Jeff will send it to all participating investigators.


Ship CIDRs and Lutalyse when you hear from investigators.



Summary of Deadlines

A mid-term review needs to be completed in the second year. This should be submitted February 15, 2005.


Our next proposal needs to be competed by December 2006 so that it is on the table the following March (2007).


Minutes are due to be uploaded 30 days after the meeting (October 25, 2003).


The annual report is due to be uploaded 60 days after the meeting (November 24, 2003).


Next years Meeting


St. Louis, Thursday, September 23 and Friday, September 24, 2004.


Next years Officers


Chair  Ottobre


Secretary - Komar

Collaborative projects of the NC-1006 Regional Research Project Group Synchronization strategies based on Ovsynch technology (Pursley and Wiltbank, 1995) are currently the widely accepted tools for management of reproduction in dairy cattle. Unfortunately, fertility is compromised if cows (dairy or beef) are not cycling (anovulatory) at the initiation of the synchronization program (data from a previous NC-1006 project). Two projects, in beef and in dairy, are currently underway to determine how to identify and treat non-cycling cows at the initiation of Ovsynch. All stations with one exception are currently participating on one of the projects. GnRH, CIDRs, and PGF have been donated and shipped to most investigators. Several stations began collecting data in 2003. The remainder will begin in 2004. This year?s minutes outline any deviations from the original proposal. The following are brief descriptions of these projects: The first study will include 1,200 dairy cows from six stations [IL, WI, KS, MI, MN, and IN]. Each station will include 200 lactating dairy cows treated during the months of September to May to avoid summer heat. Prior to Ovsynch, cycling status of cows will be determined by estrus detection following 2 injections of PGF 14 d apart and 14 d prior to Ovsynch. Kamar patches will be used to help identify cows in estrus. All cow found in estrus will be assigned to two groups: AI at 0h and 24 h following the final injection of GnRH of Ovsynch. Cows that were not identified by detection of estrus will be assigned to a 2 x 2: with or without CIDR treatment from 1st GnRH of Ovsynch to PGF and AI at 0 or 24 h following the final injection of GnRH. Blood samples will be collected at the time of each presynchronization injection of PGF and at each injection of GnRH or PGF during the Ovsynch program. All blood samples will be assayed for progesterone. The two blood samples collected before Ovsynch will be used to classify the cows as anestrus or cycling. The subsequent three blood samples will be used to assess the effect of the CIDR on altering synthesis of progesterone by the corpus luteum. All cows will be observed for estrus on days 5 to 25 to assess the synchrony of the return to estrus. All cows will be examined for pregnancy via transrectal ultrasound examination of the reproductive tract on days 28, 42, and 56 after the TAI of the Ovsynch protocol. These examinations for pregnancy will permit not only the determination of pregnancy but embryonic loss up to 56 days post-insemination. Therefore, data (end points) collected from this study will include 1) pregnancy rate; 2) synchrony and fertility at the return estrus; and 3) embryonic loss after the Ovsynch protocol. Other variables included in the analysis include milk production and days in milk. Only cows 50 to 250 days in milk with three or fewer insemination will be included in the study. The second experiment will be conducted with the same objectives but with beef cows. This experiment will be designed as the previous experiment; however, only two transrectal ultrasound examination of the reproductive tract will be conducted (days 28 and 56 after the Ovsynch protocol). This study will include three stations [IL, KS, and MN] and 1,200 beef cows (400 cows per station). Currently, Purdue initiated the dairy project in 2003. In total, there were 79 cows completing the experiment. We assessed pregnancy rates of dairy cows treated with or without CIDRs and timed inseminated at the time of the 2nd GnRH injection or 24 hours later. At this point there were no significant differences among treatments, but these data are preliminary and need to be combined with those from other stations. Most stations have started the project but have no data to report. Data collection will continue through 2004 and part of 2005. All data are scheduled to be compiled and analyzed by the 2005 annual meeting of NC-1006. Individual station accomplishments Indiana: It appears that length of cyropreservation has no effect on fertilizing ability of boar spermatozoa, that oocyte quality impacts subsequent embryonic development, that manipulation of the pentose phosphate pathway in porcine oocytes affects nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation, that glucose and lactate concentrations affect the metabolism of in vitro matured porcine oocytes, and that the metabolism of the recipient oocyte affects the development and viability of porcine nuclear transferred embryos. Iowa: A new family of proteolytic enzymes are present in ovarian tissue in a manner indicating that they play a role in ovulation and luteal development. Further investigation of these factors and inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes may elucidate what goes awry giving rise to the development of ovarian cysts. An inverse relationship between the expression of PPARg and P450 side chain cleavage points to a role for this transcription factor in follicular development. Further investigation into its role and regulation in the ovary may lead to identification of a system which if manipulated could improve/enhance follicular development. Exposure to environmental agents such as atrazine may not impact fertility negatively in domestic animals. Both ghrelin and leptin can regulate the secretion of growth hormone by pituitary somatotropes. After stimulation of growth hormone secretion, secretory vesicles transiently dock and fuse at the plasma membrane to release vesicular contents and then seem to be recycled internally by the cell. Commercially used PGF compounds are equally effective regardless of administration route. However, the use of aspirin as a blocker of PGF production may increase day 60 pregnancy rates. Kansas: Using either Ovsynch (standard protocol with TAI at 16-20 hr after the second GnRH injection) or Heatsynch (ECP at 24 h after PGF and TAI 48 h after ECP in the absence of detected estrus) produced similar pregnancy rates for cows initially diagnosed nonpregnant and assigned to treatments. After applying the Presynch-Ovsynch protocol, timing of the second injection of GnRH and insemination were altered to determine their effect on pregnancy rates. Cows that received the second GnRH injection at the same time as they were inseminated at 72 hr after PGF had greater pregnancy rates than cows that received the second GnRH injection at 48 hr after PGF and were inseminated 0 and 24 hr later. Postpartum injections of ECP improved pregnancy rates at first service after TAI associated with Heatsynch in cows milked four times daily to a greater extent than in cows milked twice daily. Calf removal for 48 hr did not improve pregnancy rates to TAI in beef cows when the interval to TAI was 72 h after PGF. Likewise, ECP given 24 hr after PGF was no better than GnRH given at TAI to improve synchrony of ovulation and TAI pregnancy rates. Michigan: Objectives were to improve fertility lactating dairy cows and alter gender ratio of resulting calves. There was a greater percent of female and than male offspring born to lactating dairy cows at when inseminated at -8 h compared to 16 h after final GnRH injection of Ovsynch. There was an effect of service sire and timing of AI relative to final GnRH injection of Ovsynch on percent lactating dairy cows pregnant at 28 and 56 d following AI. Differences amongst service sires ranged from 10 % to 44 % CR at 56 d post-AI. Minnesota: Inclusion of a CIDR to cows after AI enhances concentrations of progesterone and appears to enhance corpus luteum volume. For heifers superstimulated for superovulation of embryos heifer and period accounted for the greatest differences in embryo production and quality, however heifers receiving organic mineral prior to embryo collection appeared to increase the production of transferable embryos in purebred Angus heifers. The number of follicles between 7 and 11 mm at the time of first AI in a superstimulation protocol were correlated to total embryo numbers in addition to the number of CL at the time of embryo collection. Twinning has been demonstrated to increase total weight of calf produced/cow, but changes in management may be needed to maintain adequate cow BCS. Cows delivering and raising twin calves tend to calve at a lower BCS than those with singles, which may have an impact on milk production later in lactation. However, cows with twins show a significant increase in total kilograms of calf produced per cow, resulting in higher productivity/cow. Early weaning may prove beneficial in maintaining BCS of twinning cows and contribute to an earlier return to estrous. For both cows and heifers we have developed an CIDR/GnRH based timed-AI ovulation control program that effectively yields pregnancy rates similar to systems relying on detection of estrus. Ohio: Exogenous VEGF stimulates preantral follicle growth in rodents and perhaps sheep. Immunization against peptide fragments of VEGF and EG-VEGF produces high titers in limited numbers of individuals. Puberty was not prevented or substantially delayed by immunization to vascular growth factors in the current experiment; thus, a role for vascular growth factors in preantral follicular development is not supported by the immunization data. Evidence provided here does not strongly support a role for VEGF in rate of growth of lambs or in alteration of carcass characteristics. VEGF may be an important component of preantral follicular physiology. Wisconsin: In a commercial dairy herd, 316 lactating Holsteins were studied to determine the percentage of anovular cows, to examine follicular sizes in anovular cows, and to compare synchronized ovulation (Ovsynch) versus detection of estrus on fertility of ovular and anovular cows. Anovular cows (20%; 64 of 316) were identified as those with no detectable luteal tissue by ultrasonography and by low progesterone in blood samples collected weekly. A greater (P < 0.01) percentage of primiparous cows (28 % of 122) were anovular than multiparous cows (15 % of 194). Of 64 anovular cows, 20 % had follicles ? 25 mm that might be considered cystic, 58 % had 15- to 24-mm follicles, and 22 % had 9- to 14-mm follicles. Conception rates were greater (P < 0.02) for ovular cows regardless of treatment. Conception rates between respective Ovsynch and estrous detection groups for ovular (32 %, 35 %) or anovular (9 %, 11 %) cows were similar. Although 20 % of lactating cows were not cyclic by about 60 d postpartum, nearly all ovulated following Ovsynch. However, anovular cows had lower conception than ovular cows whether inseminated after detected estrus or after Ovsynch. Based on the idea that oocyte integrity and early embryonic development are compromised in dairy cows, we tested the hypothesis that conception rate (CR) can be improved by ET compared with AI. ET did not improve conception rate in lactating cows. Possible reasons include: (a) Modified Ovsynch may not have optimized ET success; (b) Environmental conditions during the year did not appear to decrease AI success; (c) Superovulated animals (embryo donors) may not yield optimal embryo quality; (d) Lactating dairy cows have other reproductive problems that are not overcome by ET. The size and number of ovulating follicles may determine the success or failure of artificial insemination and/or embryo transfer in getting cows pregnant.

Indiana (Purdue University)- Peer reviewed manuscripts

Bormann, C.L.*, Ongeri, E.M., Krisher R.L.* (2003) The effect of vitamins during maturation of caprine oocytes on subsequent developmental potential in vitro. Theriogenology 59:1373-1380.


Brad, A.M.*, Bormann, C.L., Swain, J.E., Durkin, R.E., Johnson, A.E., Clifford, A.L., Krisher, R.L.* (2003) Glutathione and adenosine triphosphate content of in vivo and in vitro matured porcine oocytes. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 64:492-498.


Herrick, J.R.*, Brad, A.M., Krisher, R.L.*, Pope, W.F.* (2003) Relationship between intracellular adenosine triphosphate or glutathione concentration and in vivo developmental potential of porcine oocytes. Animal Reproduction Science 78: 123-131.


Herrick, J.R.*, Conover-Sparman, M.L.*, Krisher, R.L.* Reduced polyspermic fertilization of porcine oocytes utilizing elevated bicarbonate and reduced calcium concentrations in a single medium system. Reproduction, Fertility and Development


Abstracts
Stroble, K.A.*, Stewart, T.S., Krisher, R.L.* (2003) Length of cyropreservation has no effect on fertilizing ability of boar spermatozoa. Theriogenology 59:212.


Krisher, R.L.* (2003) The impact of oocyte quality on development. J. Anim. Sci. 81 (Suppl. 1):15.


Herrick, J.R.*, Brad, A.M., Krisher, R.L.* (2003) Manipulation of the pentose phosphate pathway in porcine oocytes: Effects on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation. Biol. Reprod. 68 (Suppl.1): 353.


Brad, A.M.*, Herrick, J.R., Lane, M., Gardner, D.K., Krisher, R.L.* (2003) Glucose and lactate concentrations affect the metabolism of in vitro matured porcine oocytes. Biol. Reprod. 68 (Suppl.1): 356.


Clifford, A.L.*, Krisher, R.L.* (2003) Effects of recipient oocyte metabolism on development and viability of porcine nuclear transfer embryos. Biol. Reprod. 68 (Suppl.1): 557.



Iowa (Iowa State University)- Books:


1. Perspectives of World Food and Agriculture: 2004 (C.G. Scanes and J. Miranowski) Iowa State Press/Blackwell (in press)


2. Biology of growth of domestic animals (C.G. Scanes) Iowa State Press/Blackwell 2003

3. Poultry Science (C.G. Scanes, G. Brant and M.E, Ensminger) Prentice Hall 2004


PAPERS/ABSTRACTS:


ANDERSON LL. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM REGULATION OF PREGNANCY, PARTURITION AND LACTATION IN CATTLE. BEEF RESEARCH REPORT 2002. A.S. LEAFLET R-1787.


ANDERSON LL. BRAIN NEUROPEPTIDES THAT CONTROL PROLACTIN SECRETION CATTLE. BEEF RESEARCH REPORT 2002.


Anderson LL. Invited book review of !‘Biology of the Domestic Pig!( Edited by Wilson G. Pond and Harry J. Mersmann, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, pp 1-745. 2001, hardcover ISBN 0-8014-3468-8, for The Quarterly Review Of Biology 78:105-106, 2003.


Anderson LL, Glavaski A, Jeftinija K, Scanes CG, Jeftinija S. Effect of ghrelin on calcium transient in isolated porcine pituitary cells. 32nd Annual Meeting of the Society For Neuroscience, November 2-7, 2002. Proceedings Of Society For Neuroscience 27:Abstract, Orlando.


Anderson LL, Jeftinija S, Scanes CG. 2003. Invited mini-review entitled: Molecular mechanism and regulation of growth hormone secretion. Experimental Biology and Medicine.


Anderson LL, Jena BP. Invited chapter entitled, !‘Fusion pores in growth hormone secreting cells of the pituitary gland: An AFM study!(. In: AFM In Biology And Medicine. J. Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 2003.


Glavaski-Joksimovic A, Jeftinija K, Scanes CG, Anderson LL, Jeftinija S. Stimulatory effect of ghrelin on isolated porcine somatotropes. Neuroendocrinology 77:366-378, 2003.


Glavaski A, Rowe EW, Scanes CG, Anderson LL, Jeftinija S. Effects of leptin on calcium transient in isolated porcine somatotropes. 33rd Annual Meeting of the Society For Neuroscience, November 3-7, 2003. Proceedings Of Society For Neuroscience 28:Abstract, New Orleans.



Godke RA, Sansinena M, Youngs CR. Assisted reproductive technologies and embryo culture methods for farm animals. In (C.A. Pinkert, ed.) Transgenic Animal Technology: A Laboratory Handbook, 2nd Ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 513-568, 2002.


Jo M, Komar CM, Fortune JE. Gonadotropin surge induces two separate increases in messenger RNA for progesterone receptor in bovine periovulatory follicles. Biol Reprod 67:1981-1988, 2002.


Kim KS, Anderson LL, Reecy JM, Nguyen NT, Plastow GS, Rothschild MF. Molecular genetic studies of porcine genes for obesity. In: Progress In Obesity Research. Edited by G. Medeiros-Neto, A. Halpern and C. Bouchard. John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. pp. 269-271, 2003.


Kim KS, Anderson LL, Tuggle CK, Rothschild MF. 2002. Mapping and functional analysis of the porcine ghrelin gene !V A candidate for growth and appetite traits. Proceedings of the Plant & Animal Genome X, San Diego.


Kim KS, Ciobanu DC, Anderson LL, Reecy JA, Hsu WH, Plastow GS, Rothschild MF. Molecular genetics of porcine genes for obesity and diabetes. 84th Annual Meeting of The Endocrine Society. Endocrinology 143:400, Abstract P2-338, San Francisco, 2002.


Komar CM, Curry TE Jr. Localization and expression of mRNAs for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in ovarian tissue from naturally cycling and pseudopregnant rats. Biol Reprod 66:1531-1539, 2002.


Komar CM, Curry TE Jr. Inverse relationship between the expression of messenger ribonucleic acid for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and P450 side chain cleavage in the rat ovary. Biol Reprod 69:549-555, 2003.


Lee JS, Jeftinija K, Jeftinija S, Stromer MH, Anderson LL. Immunocytochemical distribution of growth hormone cells in the porcine pituitary. Anatomical Record (Submitted for review), 2003.


Lee JS, Jeftinija S, Stromer MH, Anderson LL. Immunohistochemical study on the distribution pattern of growth hormone cells in porcine anterior pituitary. 85th Annual Meeting of The Endocrine Society. Endocrinology 144:554, Abstract P3-341, Philadelphia, 2003.


Lee JS, Mayes MS, Stromer MH, Jeftinija K, Jeftinija S, Jena BP, Anderson LL. Immunocytochemical study of spatial distribution pattern and number of secretory vesicles of somatotrophs in porcine anterior pituitary. Eighth International Pituitary Congress, June 22-25, 2003, Waldorf-Astoria, New York City, Abstract P55, New York.


Lee JS, Mayes MS, Stromer MH, Jena BP, Anderson LL. Number of secretory vesicles in GH cells of the pituitary remain unchanged after secretion. 42nd Annual Meeting of the American Society For Cell Biology, December 14-18, 2002, Moscone Convention Center. Proceedings Of American Society For Cell Biology 13:86a, Abstract 483, San Francisco.


Madan P, Bridges PJ, Komar CM, Beristain AG, Rajamahendran R, Fortune JE, MacCalman CD. Expression of messenger ribonucleic acid for ADAMTS subtypes changes in the periovulatory follicle after the gonadotropin surge and during luteal development and regression in cattle. Accepted for publication in Biol Reprod, 2003.


Simpson KS, Komar CM, Curry TE Jr. Localization and expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-4 (TIMP-4) in the immature gonadotropin-stimulated and adult rat ovary. Biol Reprod 68:214-221, 2003.


White SB, Wilhelms KW, Scanes CG. Interactions between xenobiotics and the avian glucocorticoid-binding globulin. Ozark-Prairie Regional Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), August 11-12, 2003; St. Louis, Missouri.


Wilhelms KW, Johannsen SA, Proudman JA, Scanes CG. Failure of Dietary Atrazine to Alter Reproductive Development in Male Japanese Quail. Ozark-Prairie Regional Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), August 11-12, 2003; St. Louis, Missouri.


WILHELMS KW, JOHANNSEN SA, PROUDMAN JA AND SCANES CG. 2003. FAILURE OF DIETARY ATRAZINE TO ALTER REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT IN MALE JAPANESE QUAIL. OZARK-PRAIRIE REGIONAL SOCIETY OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY (SETAC), AUGUST 11-12, 2003; ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.


YOUNGS C. 2002 IETS FOUNDATION STUDENT RESEARCH COMPETITION. EMBRYO TRANSFER NEWSLETTER 20:4, 2002.


YOUNGS CR. THE MAGNIFICENT SEVEN HORMONES CONTROLLING REPRODUCTION IN THE COW (PART II). IOWA JERSEY TODAY 8:5-6, 2002.


Youngs CR. Synchronization of estrus in dairy cattle using prostaglandin F2Q (Part I). Iowa Jersey Today 8:10, 2002.


Youngs CR. Synchronization of estrus in dairy cattle using prostaglandin F2Q (Part II). Iowa Jersey Today 8:9-10, 2002.


Kansas (Kansas State University)


El-Zarkouny, S. Z., J. A. Cartmill, B. A. Hensley, and J. S. Stevenson. 2003. Presynchronization of estrous cycles before Ovsynch and progesterone in dairy cows: Ovulation, pregnancy rates, and embryo survival. J. Dairy Sci. 86:In press.


Stevenson, J. S., S. K. Johnson, M. A. Medina-Britos, A. M. Richardson, and G. C. Lamb. 2003. Resynchronization of estrus in cattle of unknown pregnancy status using estrogen, progesterone, or both. J. Anim. Sci. 81:1682-1692.



Stevenson, J. S., J. A. Cartmill, B. A. Hensley, and S. Z. El-Zarkouny. 2003. Conception rates of dairy cows following early not-pregnant diagnosis by ultrasonography and subsequent treatments with shortened Ovsynch protocol. Theriogenology 60:475-483.


Stevenson, J. S., S. K. Johnson, and G. A. Milliken. 2003. Incidence of postpartum anestrus in suckled beef cattle: Treatments to induce estrus, ovulation, and conception. Prof. Anim. Sci. 19:124-134.


Cavestany, D., J. Cibils, A Freire, A. Sastre, and J. S. Stevenson. 2003. Evaluation of two different oestrus-synchronisation methods with timed artificial insemination and resynchronisation of returns to oestrus in lactating Holstein cows. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 77:141-155.


Stevenson, J. S.,G. C. Lamb, S. K. Johnson, M.A. Medina-Britos, D. M. Grieger, K. R. Harmoney, J. A. Cartmill, S. Z. El-Zarkouny, C. R. Dahlen, and T. J. Marple. 2003. Supplemental norgestomet, progesterone, or melengestrol acetate increases pregnancy rates in suckled beef cows after timed inseminations. J. Anim. Sci. 81:571-586.


Richardson, A. M., B. A. Hensley, T. J. Marple, S. K. Johnson, and J. S. Stevenson. 2002. Characteristics of estrus before and after first insemination and fertility of heifers after synchronized estrus using GnRH, PGF2p, and progesterone. J. Anim. Sci. 80:2792-2800.


Johnson, S. K., and J. S. Stevenson. Strategies for synchronizing estrus and ovulation in cows and heifers. Kansas State University, March 2003. MF-2573.


Johnson, S. K., and J. S. Stevenson. Tips for successful synchronization program. Kansas State University, March 2003. MF-2574.


Johnson, S. K., and J. S. Stevenson. 2002. Use of MGA or MGA plus ECP to resynchronize estrus in previously inseminated beef heifers of unknown pregnancy. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 2):27 (Abstr. #105).


El-Zarkouny, S.Z. 2002. Hormonal control of estrus, ovulation, and follicular dynamics in high-producing dairy cows before and after timed insemination. Ph.D. Dissertation, Kansas State University, 221 pages.


Michigan (Michigan State University)


Peters, MW and JR Pursley. 2003. Timing of final GnRH injection of Ovsynch affects ovulatory follicle size, subsequent progesterone concentrations, and fertility. Theriogenology 60:1197-1204.


Peters, M. W. and J. R. Pursley. 2002. Fertility of lactating dairy cows treated with Ovsynch after presynchronization injections of PGF"Q and GnRH. Journal of Dairy Science 85:2403-2406.


Dow, M.P.D., L.J. Bakke, C.A. Cassar, M.W. Peters, J.R. Pursley and G.W. Smith. 2002 Gonadotropin surge-induced upregulation of the plasminogen activators (tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase plasminogen activator) and the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor within bovine periovulatory follicular and luteal tissue. Biology of Reproduction 66:1413-1421


Cassar, C.A., M.P.D. Dow, J.R. Pursley and G.W. Smith. 2002. Effect of the preovulatory LH surge on bovine follicular progesterone receptor mRNA expression. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 22:179-187.


Bakke, L.B., Dow, M.P.D., Cassar, C.A., Peters, M.W., Pursley, J.R. and G.W. Smith. 2002. Effect of the preovulatory gonadotropin surge on matrix metalloproteinase-14, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 expression within bovine periovulatory follicular and luteal tissue. Biology of Reproduction 66: 1627-1634.


Dow, M.P.D., L.J. Bakke, C.A. Cassar, M.W. Peters, J.R. Pursley and G.W. Smith. 2002. Gonadotropin surge-induced upregulation of messenger RNA for plasminogen activator inhibitors 1 and 2 within bovine periovulatory follicular and luteal tissue. Reproduction 123: (711-719).


Minnesota (University of Minnesota)


Arthington, J.D., G.C. Lamb, and F.M. Pate. 2003. Effect of Supplement type on growth and pregnancy rate of yearling, Brahman-crossbred heifers. Prof. Anim. Sci. (Submitted).


Dahlen, C.R, A. DiCostanzo, R.T. Ethington, T.L. Durham, J.E. Larson, and G.C. Lamb. 2003. Evaluation of forage sources for finishing diets containing wet corn gluten feed. J. Anim. Sci. 81(Suppl. 1):61.


Dahlen C.R., G.C. Lamb, C.M. Zehnder, L.R. Miller, and A. DiCostanzo. 2003. Fixed-time insemination in peripuberal, light-weight replacement beef heifers synchronized with PGF2alpha and GnRH. Theriogenology 59(8):1827-1837.


Dahlen, C.R., and G.C. Lamb. 2002. Feeding melengestrol acetate (MGA) to resynchronize repeat estrus in beef heifers previously synchronized using a MGA/prostaglandin F2Q protocol. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 2):56.


Dahlen, C.R., G.C. Lamb, B. Lindsay, A. DiCostanzo, D.R. Brown, A.R. Spell, and L.R. Miller. 2002. Pregnancy rates in recipients after receiving either two-identical demi-embryos or a single whole embryo. Theriogenology 57:539.


Fricke, P.M., and G.C. Lamb. 2002. Practical applications of ultrasound for reproductive management of beef and dairy cattle. In: Proc. Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle Workshop. Manhattan, KS.


Hafliger, III, H.C., L.H. Baumgard, W.J. Weber, M. Chahine, G.C. Lamb, T.H. Klusmeyer, M.F. McGrath, J.L. Vicini, and B.A. Crooker. 2003. Effects of induced lactation on milk fatty acid profiles in multiparous Holstein cows. J. Anim. Sci. 81(Suppl. 1):189.


Lamb, G.C. 2002. GnRH estrus and ovulation control systems for beef cattle. In: Proc. Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle Workshop. Manhattan, KS.


Lamb, G.C., and C.R. Dahlen. 2002. Long-term effects of nutrition on reproduction !V how can cattlemen manipulate their operations for optimum reproductive performance. 2002 MN Beef Cow/Calf Day Report pp. 44-58.


Lamb, G.C., J.A. Cartmill, and J.S. Stevenson. 2003. Effectiveness of Select Synch (Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and prostaglandin F2[alpha]) for synchronizing estrus in replacement beef heifers. Prof. Anim. Sci. (Submitted).


Lamb, G.C., C.R. Dahlen, and D.R. Brown. 2002. Reproductive Ultrasound Technology for Monitoring Ovarian Structure Development, Fetal Development, Embryo Survival, and the incidence of Twinning in Beef Cows. Prof. Anim. Sci. 19:135-143.


Lamb, G.C., D.R. Brown, R.C. Wasson, J.E. Larson, C.R. Dahlen, and A. DiCostanzo. 2003. Effect of Trace Mineral Nutrition on Follicular Response, Ovulation, and Embryo Production in Superovulated Angus Heifers. J. Reprod. Fertil.


Lamb, G.C., R.C. Wasson, D.R. Brown, and C.R. Dahlen. 2003. Induced twinning by artificial insemination and embryo transfer fails to increase pregnancy rates but increases total fetus numbers in beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 81(Suppl. 1):178.


Lamb, G.C., D.R. Brown, R. D. Mathison, J.B. Hall. 2002. Effect of pasture forage specie and management on animal performance. J. Agronomy (Suppl. 1).


Lamb, G.C., D. R. Brown, C. R. Dahlen, and A. R. Spell. 2002. Inducing twinning in postpartum suckled beef cows using artificial insemination and embryo transfer. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 1):268.


Lamb, G.C., and C.R. Dahlen. 2002. Past, Present, and Future impact of ultrasound technology on beef cattle reproductive research and management strategies. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 2):54.


Lamb, G.C. 2003. Estrous synchronization using the newly approved CIDR. 2003 MN Beef Cow/Calf Day Report pp. 28-42.


Lamb, G.C. 2003. Estrous synchronization in beef cattle using the CIDR. In: Proc. VII Conference Focusing on Production and Reproduction of Cattle. Uberlandia, Brazil. Pp 199-211.


Lamb, G.C. 2003. Melengestrol acetate (MGA) for synchronizing beef females. In: Proc. VII Conference Focusing on Production and Reproduction of Cattle. Uberlandia, Brazil. Pp 239-247.


Lamb, G.C. 2003. Nutrition/reproduction interactions affecting performance of beef cattle. In: Proc. VII Conference Focusing on Production and Reproduction of Cattle. Uberlandia, Brazil. Pp 139-151.


Lamb, G.C. 2003. Reproductive ultrasound for management of beef cattle. In: Proc. VII Conference Focusing on Production and Reproduction of Cattle. Uberlandia, Brazil. Pp 183-193.


Miller, L.R., A. DiCostanzo, C.M. Zehnder, G.C. Lamb, and L. Smith. 2003. Effects of two protein supplementation systems on feedlot performance and nitrogen retention by feedlot steers. J. Anim. Sci. (Submitted:E2002-368).

Stevenson, J.S., S.K. Johnson, M.A. Medina-Britos, A.M. Richardson, and G.C. Lamb. 2003. Resynchronization of estrus in cattle of unknown pregnancy status using estrogen, progesterone, or both. J. Anim. Sci. 81:1681-1692.


Stevenson, J.S., G.C. Lamb, S.K. Johnson, M.A. Medina-Britos, D.M. Grieger, K.R. Harmoney, J.A. Cartmill, S.Z. El-Zarkouny, C.R. Dahlen, and T.J. Marple. 2003. Supplemental norgestomet, progesterone, and MGA increases pregnancy rates in suckled beef cows after inseminations. J. Anim. Sci. 81:571-586.


Wasson, R.C., J.E. Larson, D.R. Brown, and G.C. Lamb. 2003. Inclusion of a CIDR after initial artificial insemination concentrations of progesterone and corpus luteum volume in suckled beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 81(Suppl. 1):53.


Ohio (The Ohio State University)


Danforth, D. R., L. K. Arbogast, S. Ghosh, A. Dickerman, R. Rofagha, and C. I. Friedman. 2003. Vascular endothelial growth factor stimulates preantral follicle growth in the rat ovary. Biol. Reprod. 68:1736-1741.


Wiltbank, M.C. and J.S. Ottobre. 2003. Regulation of intraluteal production of prostaglandins. Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol.: In press.


Wisconsin (University of Wisconsin)


Haughian JM, Sartori R, Guenther JN, Gumen A, Wiltbank MC, 2002. Extending the postpartum anovulatory period in dairy cattle with estradiol cypionate. Journal of Dairy Science 85:3238-3249.


Rupnow HL. Phernetton TM, Modrick ML, Wiltbank MC, Bird IM, Magness RR, 2002. Endothelial vasodilator production by uterine and systemic arteries. VIII. Estrogen and progesterone effects on cPLA(2), COX-1, and PGIS protein expression. Biology of Reproduction. 66:468-474.


Sangsritavong S, Combs DK, Sartori R, Armentano LE, Wiltbank MC, 2002. High feed intake increases liver blood flow and metabolism of progesterone and estradiol-17R in dairy cattle. Journal Dairy Science 85:2831-42.


Sartori R, Sartor-Bergfelt R, Mertens SA, Guenther JN, Parrish JJ, Wiltbank MC, 2002. Fertilization and early embryonic development in heifers and lactating cows in summer and lactating and dry cows in winter. Journal of Dairy Science 85:2803-12.


Sartori R, Rosa GJM, Wiltbank MC, 2002. Ovarian structures and circulation steroids in heifers and lactating cows in summer and lactating and dry cows in winter. Journal of Dairy Science 85:2813-22.


Gumen A, Wiltbank MC, 2002. An alteration in the hypothalamic action of estradiol due to lack of progesterone exposure can cause follicular cysts in cattle. Biology of Reproduction 66:1689-95.


Wu YL, Wiltbank MC, 2002. Transcriptional regulation of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene changes from protein kinase (PK) A- to PKC-dependence after luteinization of granulosa cells. Biology of Reproduction 66:1505-14.


Diaz FJ, Anderson LE, Wu YL, Rabot A, Tsai SJ, Wiltbank MC, 2002. Regulation of progesterone and prostaglandin F2Q production in the CL. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 191:65-80.


McKusick BC, Wiltbank MC, Sartori R, Marnet PG, Thomas DL, 2002. Effect of presence or absence of copora lutea on milk production in East Friesian dairy ewes. Journal of Dairy Science 85:790-96.


Gumen, A, Sartori R, Costa FMJ, Wiltbank MC, 2002. A GnRH/LH surge without subsequent progesterone exposure can induce development of follicular cysts. Journal of Dairy Science 85:43-50.


Reinemann DJ. Wiltbank MC. Rasmussen MD. Sheffield LG. LeMire SD., 2003. Comparison of behavioral to physiological response of cows exposed to electric shock. Transactions of the ASAE. 46:507-512.