SAES-422 Multistate Research Activity Accomplishments Report

Sections

Basic Information
Additional Info

Status: Approved

Basic Information

Project No. and Title: NCR193 : Plant Health: Managing Insects and Diseases of Landscape Plants
Period Covered: 09/01/2004 to 09/01/2005
Date of Report: 01/30/2006
Annual Meeting Dates: 09/19/2005 to 09/20/2005

Gary Chastagner (chastag@wsu.edu), Washington State University, PPATH; Whitney Cranshaw (wcransha@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu), Colorado State University, ENT; Ann Brooks Gould (gould@aesop.rutgers.edu), Rutgers, PPATH; James L. Green (jgreen@csrees.usda.gov), USDA-CSREE, Ntl. Program Leader - Horticulture, Washington, D.C.; John Hartman (jhartman@ca.uky.edu), University of Kentucky, PPATH; Paul Heller (prh@psu.edu) Pennsylvania State University; Greg Hoover (gah10@psu.edu) Pennsylvania State University; Bill Jacobi (wjacobi@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu) Colorado State University, PPATH; Danny Kline (dek16@psu.edu) Pennsylvania State University; Vera Krischik (krisc001@maroon.tc.umn.edu) University of Minnesota, ENT; Tom Payne (PayneT@missouri.edu), Administrative Advisor, University of Missouri; Mike Raupp (mraupp@umd.edu) University of Maryland, ENT; Cliff Sadoff (Cliff_sadof@entm.purdue.edu) Purdue, ENT; Casey Sclar (csclar@longwoodgardens.org) - Longwood Gardens, IPM Coordinator (Invited Guest Co-Convener); David Smitley (smitley@msu.edu) Michigan State University, ENT; James Walla (J_walla@ndsu.nodak.edu) North Dakota State University, PPATH; Steven Wegulo (swegulo2@unlnotes.unl.edu) University of Nebraska, PPATH; Paul Weston (paw23@cornell.edu) Cornell, ENT

Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Legacy attachment file:

[Minutes]

Accomplishments

At the 2005 NCR-193 meeting, committee members shared state progress reports resulting in expanded discussions between entomologists, plant pathologists and USDA-CSREE personnel on multi-state landscape plant health issues including current and new emerging pathogen/insect pest problems. Members provided updates on the status of surveys, research, and outreach projects for the following invasive insects and pathogens:

Asian longhorn beetle in New York and Pennsylvania
Bacterial leaf scorch in New Jersey
Bamboo tiger longhorn beetle in New York
Elongate hemlock scale in Maryland and Pennsylvania.
Emerald ash borer in New York, Michigan, and Indiana
Hemlock woolly adelgid in New York, Maryland, and Pennsylvania
Gypsy moth in New York
Pine shoot beetle in New York, Minnesota, and Washington
Sirex noctillo F. in New York
Sphaeropsis tip blight in Kansas (reported via Colorado State Universitys Pine Injection Research Project)
Sudden oak death in Kentucky and comments provided by Dr. Green (USDA-CSREE) including Sudden Oak Death Poster (a.k.a. Ramorum Blight) and http://www.ncipmc.org/suddenoakdeath
Viburnum leaf beetle in New York

Progress on the following on-going inter-state NCR-193 research collaborations was reported:

Dogwoods and powdery mildew evaluations, University of Kentucky (John Hartman)
Forest and nursery surveys for Phytophothora ramorum in Kentucky, University of Kentucky (Patricia de Sá, John Hartman, Joe Collins, Carl Harper, Bernadette Amsden, Cline Gouwie, Nathan Jennings, David Begley)
Manipulating the abundance of natural enemies in ornamental landscapes with floral resource plants, Purdue (Cliff Sadoff) and University of Illinois (Lawrence M. Hanks)
Management of elongate hemlock scale on urban forest trees and Christmas tree plantation Fraser fir and Canaan fir, Longwood Gardens (Casey Sclar), Penn State (Paul Heller), and University of Maryland (Mike Raupp).
National Elm Trial, Colorado State University (Bill Jacobi), Michigan State (Gerry Adams), Iowa State University (Mark Gleason), Purdue (Cliff Sadoff), Ohio State University (David Sydnor), Washington State University (Gary Chastagner), University of California-Davis (Greg McPherson), Utah State University (Roger Kjelgren), North Dakota State University (Jim Walla, Dale Herman), West Virginia University (John Brooks), Cornell (Chris Cash), Rutgers (Ann Gould), University of Kentucky (John Hartman), and University of Vermont (Mark Starrett)
Sphaeropsis tip blight pathogen injection studies, Colorado State University (Ned Tisserat) and Kansas State University (Randy James, M.S. graduate student).
Survey of visual dieback of ash trees from emerald ash borer and management studies, Michigan State (David Smitley)
Teams of plant pathologists and entomologists have been working to identify the insects responsible for vectoring the disease and the strains of Xylella fastidiosa responsible for bacterial leaf scorch disease, University of Kentucky (John Hartman) and Rutgers University (Ann Gould)

Progress on evaluations of conventional, biorational and alternative management strategies for landscape diseases and insect pests, plus the impact of pesticides on natural enemies, was shared with committee members. Results can be utilized by landscapers, growers, nurseryman, extension educators, homeowners, Master Gardeners and green industry IPM practitioners. Very few multi-state research projects include summaries and discussions on the significance of applied research studies. These studies included:

Assessment of Cabistat" to prevent bacterial leaf scorch, pine tip blight, and dogwood powdery mildew on woody landscape pests, University of Kentucky (Patricia de Sá, John Hartman, Joe Collins, Carl Harper, Bernadette Amsden, Cline Gouwie, Nathan Jennings, David Begley)
Biorational management of cottonwood leaf beetle to conserve beneficial coccinellids, University of Minnesota (Vera Krischik)
Effects of altering plant management practices to prevent insect pest outbreaks, University of Maryland (Paul Shrewsbury)
Efficacy trials to determine suppression of spruce ips beetle, poplar twiggall fly, honeylocust spider mite, root aphids, hawthorn mealybug, cranberry erineum mite, and rough bulletgall wasp on landscape ornamentals, Colorado State University (Whitney Cranshaw, Andrea Sever, Matt Camper)
Elongate hemlock scale suppression studies, Longwood Gardens (Casey Sclar), Penn State (Paul Heller), and University of Maryland (Mike Raupp)
Emerald ash borer trunk injection efficacy tests, Michigan State University (McCullough, Smitley, Polandt, and Cappaert)
Establishment of a two year evaluation of trunk applied fungicides to prevent Oak Bacterial Leaf Scorch (Xylella fastidiosa) on urban forest oaks, University of Kentucky (John Hartman, Ed Dixon, Bernadette Amsden, Shawn Bernick))
Evaluation of trunk injections to prevent pine wilt on Scots pine and Spaheropsis tip blight on Austrian pines, Colorado State University (Ned Tisserat)
Field and bulb storage disease studies to evaluate formulations of fungicides, Washington State University (Gary Chastagner)
Forest tent caterpillar efficacy studies with acetamiprid, bifenthrin, imidacloprid, and Bacillus thuringiensis, Cornell University (Paul Weston)
Fungicide evaluations to suppress entomosporium leaf and berry spot on juneberry, North Dakota State University (Jim Walla)
Impact of imidacloprid on Anagyrus pseudococci (Girault) mortality, University of Minnesota (Vera Krischik)
Rhabdocline needle cast fungicide efficacy trials on Douglas-fir Christmas trees, Washington State University (Gary Chastagner)
Viburnum leaf beetle larval suppression with acetamiprid, imidacloprid, and biorational formulations, Cornell University (Paul Weston)

Dr. Green (USDA-CSREE) provided the committee with information on establishment of a new extension web site titled New Technologies for Ag Extension. Gary Chastagner updated committee members on a new web site with information addressing the handling and care of cut Christmas trees (Hinesley, L.R. and G.A Chastagner. 2005. Christmas tree keepability. In: Gross, Kenneth, C. Y. Wang, and M. Saltveit (eds.). The Commercial Storage of Fruits, Vegetables, and Florists and Nursery Crops. An Adobe acrobat .pdf of a draft version of the forthcoming revision to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook 66 on the web site of the U.S.D.A., Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville http://www.ba.ars.usda.gov/hb66/index.html). Cliff Sadoff previewed a video tape titled The Little Green Menace in Indiana. It is a valuable educational tool for viewing by Indiana stakeholders regarding emerald ash borer. The video can be purchased by calling 1-800-nonexotic.

Impacts

Our meetings allow IPM specialists on insects and diseases of ornamental plants to meet and discuss new research findings, technologies, and problems from a regional and national perspective. As a result of these interchanges, participating scientists have achieved more rapid solutions and responses to problems for state stakeholders/growers, and duplication of research effort has been avoided.
Our meetings advocate awareness of invasive and exotic pathogens and pests associated with landscape ornamentals and trees across the US including Asian longhorned beetle, bacterial leaf scorch, bamboo tiger longhorn beetle, elongate hemlock scale, emerald ash borer, hemlock woolly adelgid, gypsy moth, pine shoot beetle, Sirex noctillo, Sphaeropsis tip blight, sudden oak death, and viburnum leaf beetle.
Our meetings provide valuable data on the effectiveness of management strategies which is critical to the successful suppression of landscape pathogens/pests, especially since the Food Quality Protection Acts reassessment policy has resulted in significant reductions of registered control measures. Likewise results from the latter studies prevent applications of ineffective products.
Our meetings have advanced the National Elm Trial Study. In 2005 a replicated study of elm cultivars was established in15 sites from California to New Jersey.
Our meetings continue to foster the benefits of web based Ornaent (maintained at Colorado State University). Ornaent has demonstrated the strength of web based communication by providing opportunities to immediately discuss landscape insect and disease problems, control actions, and online resources.
Planning activities by our group results in coordination of research objectives which minimizes duplication of effort and assist in defining research priorities, technology issues, and new chemistries to manage landscape diseases and insects.
Numerous comprehensive guides and resource books have been written with cooperation of committee members which have provided valuable information to a wide array of multistate stakeholders, allowing them to remain current on pathogens and insect pests associated with the landscape environment.

Publications

Chastagner, G.A. 2005. New options for managing some common diseases on ornamental bulb crops. P. 63-65. Proceedings of the 95th Annual Western Washington Horticultural Association Conventional & Trade Show, January 11, 2005, SeaTac, WA. Chastagner, G.A. and P. Kaufmann. 2005. Efficacy of fungicides in controlling leaf spot on bulbous iris. Acta Horticulturae 673: 509-511. Chastagner, G.A. and J. Puffer. 2005. Noble fir stump removal. Amer. Christmas Tree J. 48 (5): 20-222. Chastagner, G.A. and K.L. Riley. 2005. Sensitivity of pathogen inocula to chlorine dioxide gas. Acta Horticulturae 673: 355-359. Chastagner, G.A., E.M. Hansen, K.L. Riley, and W. Sutton. 2005. Susceptibility of confer shoots to infection by Phytophthora ramorum. Page 25, Proceedings of Sudden Oak Death Second Science Symposium, Monetery, CA, January 18-21, 2005. Chastagner, G.A., E.M. Hansen, K.L. Riley, and W. Sutton. 2005. Effectiveness of fungicides in protecting Douglas-fir shoots from infection by Phytophthora ramorum. Page 44, Proceedings of Sudden Oak Death Second Science Symposium, Monetery, CA, January 18-21, 2005. Chastagner, G.A., N. Osterbaurer, and J. Falacy. 2005. Phytophthora ramorum surveys in Pacific Northwest Christmas Tree and bough production areas. International Forestry Review 7 (5): 258-259. Cranshaw, W. 2004. Garden Insects of North America. Princeton University Press. Princeton, NJ. 656 pp. Cranshaw, W. 2004. Insect management recommendations for turf and ornamentals. Colorado State University Bulletin XCM-38. 116 pp. Cranshaw, W. 2004. Miller moths. Colorado State Extension Fact Sheet 5.597. (www.ext.colostate.edu/PUBS/INSECT/05600.html) Cranshaw, W. 2005. Nuisance wasps and bees (major revision). Colorado State Extension Fact Sheet 5.525. (www.ext.colostate.edu/PUBS/INSECT/05525.html). Cranshaw, W. 2005. Poplar twiggal fly affects aspen. American Nurseryman. V. 201 (4): 8. Cranshaw, W. and R. Wilson. 2004. Fleas and plague. Colorado State Extension Fact Sheet 5.6000. (www.ext.colostate.edu/PUBS/INSECT/05997.html). Cranshaw, W., D. Leatherman, W. Jacobi, and L. Mannix. 2004. Insects and Disease of Woody Plants of the Central Rockies (2004 Revision). Colorado State University Bulletin 506A. 292 pp. Dai, W., C. Johnson, V. Jacques, and J.A. Walla. 2004. Agrobacterium-mediated transformations of chokecherry (Prunus viginiana L.). HortScience 39:755 (Abstract) Dart, N., G.A. Chastagner, and R. Peever. 2005 CSI Annosus root rot update. Christmas Tree Outlook 38 (1): 12-13. Heller, P.R., R. Walker, R. Lehman, and J. Witmer. 2004. Management of cryptomeria scale on Fraser fir Christmas Trees. Arthropod Management Tests, V. 28, G 36. Heller, P.R. and D. Kline. 2005. Management study to suppress elongate hemlock scale with single applications of ultra-fine oil, Distance, and M-Pede on Canaan fir Christmas trees, 2003. Arthropod Management Tests, V. 29, G23. Heller, P.R. and D. Kline. 2005. Multiple application management study to suppress elongate hemlock scale with acephate and dimethoate on Fraser fir Christmas trees, 2003. Arthropod Management Tests, V. 29, G30. Hinesley, L.E. and G.A. Chastagner. 2004. Tree care tips. Amer. Christmas Tree J. 48 (5): 20-22. Kearns, H.S.J. and W.R. Jacobi. 2005. Impacts of black stain root disease in recently formed mortality centers in the piHon-juniper woodlands of southwestern Colorado. Can. J. For. Res. 35:461-471. Kearns, H.S.J., W.R. Jacobi, and D.W. Johnson. 2005. Persistence of pinon pine snags and logs in Southwestern Colorado. Western J. of Applied Forestry. Accepted. Koski. R. and W.R. Jacobi. 2994. Tree pathogen survival in chipped wood mulch. J. Arboriculture 30: 165-171. Nielsen, U.B. and G.A. Chastagner. 2005. Genetic variation in post harvest needle retention among Nordmann fir families and grafted clones. Scand. J. For. Res. 20 (4): 304-312. DOI: 10.1090/02827580510008365. Nielsen, U.B. and G.A. Chastagner. 2005. Variation in post harvest quality among Nordmann fir provenances. HortScience 40 (3): 553-557. Okubo, H. and W.B. Miller, and G.A. Chastagner (Editors). 2005. Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Flower Bulbs. Acta Horticulturae No. 673, 780p. Omdal, D.W. C.G. Shaw III., and W.R. Jacobi. 2004. Symptom expression in conifers infected with Armillaria ostoyae and Heterobasidioin annosum. Can. J. For. Res. 34: 1210-1219. Rebek, E. J., C.S. Sadof, and L.M. Hanks. 2005. Manipulating the abundance of natural enemies with floral resource plants. Biol. Control. 33: 203-216. Sadoff, C.S. and R.N. Snyder. 2005. Seasonal phenology of parasitoids of mimosa webworm on honeylocust. Environ. Entomology 34: 70-75. Song, X., J.A. Walla, G.J.Xu, G. Liu, and J. Chen. 2004. Comparative studies on the morphology of Sphaeropsis sapinea spores and mycelia. Forest Pest and Disease. July, 2004: 5-9. (In Chinese, English abstract data) Song, X., J.A. Walla, G.J.Xu, J. Chen, and C. Zhao. 2005. Comparative studies on the growth of Sphaeropsis sapinea isolates. Forest Pest and Disease 2005 (2):3-7. (In Chinese, English abstract and data) Walla, J.A., Z.M. Cheng, Y Guo, M.J. Knudson, and W. Dai. 2005. Monitoring for X-disease tolerance in chokeberry (Prunus virginiana). Phytopathology 95: S108 (Abstr.) Walla, J.A. 2005. Cedar-apple rusts (Gymnosporangium diseases). Tree Talk (Newsletter) 1 (3): 6-11. Walla, J.A. 2004. Field trials to evaluate for X-disease tolerance in chokeberries. 2003/2004 Northland News: 6-7. Zeleznik, J.D., J.A. Walla, J.J. Knodel, J. Kangas, and P. Glogoza. 2005. Insect and disease management guide for woody plants in North Dakota. Revised. NDSU Extension Service F-1192 (In Press)

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