SAES-422 Multistate Research Activity Accomplishments Report
Sections
Status: Approved
Basic Information
- Project No. and Title: NCERA_OLD200 : Management Strategies to Control Major Soybean Virus Diseases in the North Central Region
- Period Covered: 02/01/2003 to 02/01/2004
- Date of Report: 05/19/2004
- Annual Meeting Dates: 02/15/2004 to 02/16/2004
Participants
Glen Hartman (IL), John Hill (IA), Loren Giesler (NE), Marie A.C. Langham (SD), Roberto Micheletti (Ontario), Laura Sweets (MO), Berlin Nelson (ND), Craig Grau (WI), Marty Draper (SD), Erick DeWolf (PN), Kitty Cardwell (CSREES), Steve Slack (AA-OH)
The NCR-200 business meeting began on February 15, 2004 at 7:00 PM in the Geneva Room of the Sheraton Hotel in St. Louis, MO. Chair John Hill (IA) called the meeting to order and introduced the members of the committee The agenda for the meeting was distributed. Additions or changes to the agenda were called for by Chair Hill. No changes were offered, and the agenda was accepted by proclamation.
The first order of business was changes in the committee membership. These included the following: removal of Les Lane (NE), the removal of Larry Pedigo (IA), the addition of Said Gabrial (KY) whose paperwork to join the committee had been completed during the past year, and the addition of Loren Giesler (NE) to replace Les Lane.
Committee officers were considered as the next item. Les Land had been the current Vice Chair (Chair Elect) and was to assume the Chair position at the end of this meeting. Secretary Marie Langham (SD) offered the motion to have Loren Giesler replace Les Lane as Vice Chair since he was assuming his role on the committee. This was seconded by Glen Hartman (IL). The motion was approved by unanimous vote, and Loren will assume the role of Chair at the end of the 2004 meeting. The position of incoming Vice Chair (Chair Elect) remained to be filled. Glen Hartman volunteered for nomination to the Vice Chair position. No other nominations were offered, and Glen Hartman was elected Vice Chair by acclamation. Secretary Langham reminded everyone that the governance statement for NCR-200 (in accordance with current guidelines) states that all officers are elected to a minimum of a two year term for continuity and that this differs from some previously established committees. Election of officers was closed as the term of Secretary Langham ends with the 2005 meeting.
The next item for consideration was the time and location of the next meeting. Chair Hill stated that a suggestion had been made to move the annual meeting of the NCR-200 to coincide with the NCRSP meeting at Ames, Iowa. The following were listed as reason for moving the meeting:
? Joint attendance of both meetings by members of the committee and presentation of state reports for both
? Attendance of other researchers at the NCRSP meeting
? Conflict with the attendance of NCR-200, NCR-137, and NCR-504 meetings by members who are on both committees
? The need for development of the NCR-200 committee?s unique role and contributions
Administrator Steve Slack (OH) stated that this committee had needed to meet jointly with the NCR-137 in order to develop in its first years, but now, the NCR-200 needed to develop its individuality. He believed that moving the meeting would be a positive step towards its development. He also included that the committee now had its identity in place and was at a critical juncture in its further development. The issue of the next meeting falling in the same calendar year as this meeting was raised. Administrator Slack stated that the NC and NCR committees follow the same calendar year as the Federal budget. Thus, the next meeting occurring in November will place it the 2005 fiscal year. Vice Chair Giesler offered a motion to move the NCR-200 annual meeting to Ames, IA and coincide with the NCRSP meeting. The motion was seconded by Glen Hartman and was unanimously approved.
Discussion of the NCR-200 2002 report and review was the next item. Dr. John Andrews had written some suggestions to the committee for improving its state reports based on observations that he had made during the committee review. Discussion about state reports continued, and it was decided that the Chair would write the state reports and the Secretary would do the minutes rather than have one person responsible for all. In the discussion of state reports, the following items were highlighted:
? Pictures for the report were requested.
? A motion to replace the previous set of objectives with a new set written by Chair John Hill was made by Vice Chair Loren Giesler and seconded by Glen Hartman. The motion was approved.
? Publications from the NCR-200 group should be included in the state report. Production practice or extension based publications should be included, but under the subheading technology transfer.
? More discussion about outcomes, impacts, and accomplishments is needed in future reports.
? Evidence of collaboration should be highlighted.
State reports were presented in written format in order to focus the remaining time on reports of a new virus from Wisconsin presented by Craig Grau (WI). Soybean dwarf virus (SbDV) was identified from Wisconsin surveys. It was identified in five counties. The samples had been collected during summer surveys and were identified during testing of AgDia?s new soybean dwarf virus ELISA kit. The plants had been frozen and lost some of their visual characteristics. However, soybean dwarf virus is reported to resemble Banvel injury. There are two strains: dwarf and yellow. The samples were sent to Les Domier for further analysis using his PCR technique for SbDV. The GPS coordinates for the fields indicated that they were in the Southern third of Wisconsin and four were in counties on the border. Discussion followed on whether or not there should be a pest alert for state plant disease clinics. Kitty Cardwell stated that this could be handled as an emerging disease and could be handled in several ways. Discussion followed on whether or not this could be used as a pest alert until Chair Hill ended discussion by noting that the meeting time was over. A motion was made to close the meeting, seconded, and passed by acclamation.
The first order of business was changes in the committee membership. These included the following: removal of Les Lane (NE), the removal of Larry Pedigo (IA), the addition of Said Gabrial (KY) whose paperwork to join the committee had been completed during the past year, and the addition of Loren Giesler (NE) to replace Les Lane.
Committee officers were considered as the next item. Les Land had been the current Vice Chair (Chair Elect) and was to assume the Chair position at the end of this meeting. Secretary Marie Langham (SD) offered the motion to have Loren Giesler replace Les Lane as Vice Chair since he was assuming his role on the committee. This was seconded by Glen Hartman (IL). The motion was approved by unanimous vote, and Loren will assume the role of Chair at the end of the 2004 meeting. The position of incoming Vice Chair (Chair Elect) remained to be filled. Glen Hartman volunteered for nomination to the Vice Chair position. No other nominations were offered, and Glen Hartman was elected Vice Chair by acclamation. Secretary Langham reminded everyone that the governance statement for NCR-200 (in accordance with current guidelines) states that all officers are elected to a minimum of a two year term for continuity and that this differs from some previously established committees. Election of officers was closed as the term of Secretary Langham ends with the 2005 meeting.
The next item for consideration was the time and location of the next meeting. Chair Hill stated that a suggestion had been made to move the annual meeting of the NCR-200 to coincide with the NCRSP meeting at Ames, Iowa. The following were listed as reason for moving the meeting:
? Joint attendance of both meetings by members of the committee and presentation of state reports for both
? Attendance of other researchers at the NCRSP meeting
? Conflict with the attendance of NCR-200, NCR-137, and NCR-504 meetings by members who are on both committees
? The need for development of the NCR-200 committee?s unique role and contributions
Administrator Steve Slack (OH) stated that this committee had needed to meet jointly with the NCR-137 in order to develop in its first years, but now, the NCR-200 needed to develop its individuality. He believed that moving the meeting would be a positive step towards its development. He also included that the committee now had its identity in place and was at a critical juncture in its further development. The issue of the next meeting falling in the same calendar year as this meeting was raised. Administrator Slack stated that the NC and NCR committees follow the same calendar year as the Federal budget. Thus, the next meeting occurring in November will place it the 2005 fiscal year. Vice Chair Giesler offered a motion to move the NCR-200 annual meeting to Ames, IA and coincide with the NCRSP meeting. The motion was seconded by Glen Hartman and was unanimously approved.
Discussion of the NCR-200 2002 report and review was the next item. Dr. John Andrews had written some suggestions to the committee for improving its state reports based on observations that he had made during the committee review. Discussion about state reports continued, and it was decided that the Chair would write the state reports and the Secretary would do the minutes rather than have one person responsible for all. In the discussion of state reports, the following items were highlighted:
? Pictures for the report were requested.
? A motion to replace the previous set of objectives with a new set written by Chair John Hill was made by Vice Chair Loren Giesler and seconded by Glen Hartman. The motion was approved.
? Publications from the NCR-200 group should be included in the state report. Production practice or extension based publications should be included, but under the subheading technology transfer.
? More discussion about outcomes, impacts, and accomplishments is needed in future reports.
? Evidence of collaboration should be highlighted.
State reports were presented in written format in order to focus the remaining time on reports of a new virus from Wisconsin presented by Craig Grau (WI). Soybean dwarf virus (SbDV) was identified from Wisconsin surveys. It was identified in five counties. The samples had been collected during summer surveys and were identified during testing of AgDia?s new soybean dwarf virus ELISA kit. The plants had been frozen and lost some of their visual characteristics. However, soybean dwarf virus is reported to resemble Banvel injury. There are two strains: dwarf and yellow. The samples were sent to Les Domier for further analysis using his PCR technique for SbDV. The GPS coordinates for the fields indicated that they were in the Southern third of Wisconsin and four were in counties on the border. Discussion followed on whether or not there should be a pest alert for state plant disease clinics. Kitty Cardwell stated that this could be handled as an emerging disease and could be handled in several ways. Discussion followed on whether or not this could be used as a pest alert until Chair Hill ended discussion by noting that the meeting time was over. A motion was made to close the meeting, seconded, and passed by acclamation.
Accomplishments
The objectives of the NCR200 committee as adopted at the annual meeting on February 15, 2004 are as follows.
1. Identify viruses that cause major economic loss of soybeans in the North Central States. Develop test methods for identification and determine distribution.
2. Develop approaches (classical and molecular) to evaluate/screen soybean cultivar/germplasm for resistance to diseases caused by significant viruses.
3. Study epidemiology of major soybean viruses in the North Central States.
4. Identify insect vectors of major soybean viruses in the North Central States and study the ecology of important insect vectors.
5. Develop management tactics for control of diseases caused by significant soybean viruses in the North Central States.
6. Communicate results of research to stakeholders.
Ongoing monitoring efforts on soybean virus incidence have resulted in specific viruses being identified as significant production problems for producers in the region. One major accomplishment of this committee is the exchange of viral incidence data and information on the occurrence of new viruses. An example of this is the discovery of Soybean dwarf virus (SbDV) in Wisconsin and the development of ideas to survey for this disease when symptomatic plants are observed in the 2004 growing season. In 2004, symptomatic plant samples will be assayed for SbDV in the region.
Several cooperating states have soybean breeding programs as a part of their land-grant university. The discussion and presentation of data regarding germplasm evaluation is resulting in improvements in screening methods. As committee activities continue the development of standardized methods for germplasm evaluation for soybean viral disease tolerance/resistance will evolve.
Members of the NCR200 committee continue to coordinate research and extension efforts in managing soybean viral diseases. Cooperative projects with entomologist with many committee members and presentation/discussion of results is resulting is improving research efforts in cooperating states. Both identification of new vectors and ecological studies of said vectors have resulted for committee member projects.
Committee members also strive for excellence in the development of management programs for commonly encountered viral diseases in the region and effectively utilize technology transfer tools to educate soybean growers and commercial agricultural advisors. Sharing of the results of management studies also occurs at annual meetings and directly impacts the recommendation extension specialists make in cooperating states or results in the development of new approached to research on management of soybean viruses.
In addition to coordinated efforts by committee members, the following accomplishments were reported for individual states.
Illinois: Aphid resistance in soybean was identified. The resistant lines were characterized genetically and phenotypically. These sources of aphid resistance will be useful in developing soybean cultivars with reduced primary damage from aphid feeding and secondary effects from virus infection.
Iowa: Short term strategies, focused on the beetle vector, have been developed for management of Bean pod mottle virus in soybeans.
Nebraska: Study to determine the yield reduction of Bean pod mottle virus was performed with 33 of the top market share commercial varieties. The average reduction was 18% and varieties were found to respond differently. Management studies are ongoing to determine the appropriate action for Nebraska soybean producers.
Ohio: Bean pod mottle virus significantly decreased yield when it was inoculated on unifoliates of soybean lines in field studies during 2001 and 2003.
South Dakota: Spray inoculation of soybeans at high air pressures was not significantly different from hand inoculation in causing yield reduction. Yield losses up to 56.6% were identified in inoculated soybean experimental lines or cultivars.
1. Identify viruses that cause major economic loss of soybeans in the North Central States. Develop test methods for identification and determine distribution.
2. Develop approaches (classical and molecular) to evaluate/screen soybean cultivar/germplasm for resistance to diseases caused by significant viruses.
3. Study epidemiology of major soybean viruses in the North Central States.
4. Identify insect vectors of major soybean viruses in the North Central States and study the ecology of important insect vectors.
5. Develop management tactics for control of diseases caused by significant soybean viruses in the North Central States.
6. Communicate results of research to stakeholders.
Ongoing monitoring efforts on soybean virus incidence have resulted in specific viruses being identified as significant production problems for producers in the region. One major accomplishment of this committee is the exchange of viral incidence data and information on the occurrence of new viruses. An example of this is the discovery of Soybean dwarf virus (SbDV) in Wisconsin and the development of ideas to survey for this disease when symptomatic plants are observed in the 2004 growing season. In 2004, symptomatic plant samples will be assayed for SbDV in the region.
Several cooperating states have soybean breeding programs as a part of their land-grant university. The discussion and presentation of data regarding germplasm evaluation is resulting in improvements in screening methods. As committee activities continue the development of standardized methods for germplasm evaluation for soybean viral disease tolerance/resistance will evolve.
Members of the NCR200 committee continue to coordinate research and extension efforts in managing soybean viral diseases. Cooperative projects with entomologist with many committee members and presentation/discussion of results is resulting is improving research efforts in cooperating states. Both identification of new vectors and ecological studies of said vectors have resulted for committee member projects.
Committee members also strive for excellence in the development of management programs for commonly encountered viral diseases in the region and effectively utilize technology transfer tools to educate soybean growers and commercial agricultural advisors. Sharing of the results of management studies also occurs at annual meetings and directly impacts the recommendation extension specialists make in cooperating states or results in the development of new approached to research on management of soybean viruses.
In addition to coordinated efforts by committee members, the following accomplishments were reported for individual states.
Illinois: Aphid resistance in soybean was identified. The resistant lines were characterized genetically and phenotypically. These sources of aphid resistance will be useful in developing soybean cultivars with reduced primary damage from aphid feeding and secondary effects from virus infection.
Iowa: Short term strategies, focused on the beetle vector, have been developed for management of Bean pod mottle virus in soybeans.
Nebraska: Study to determine the yield reduction of Bean pod mottle virus was performed with 33 of the top market share commercial varieties. The average reduction was 18% and varieties were found to respond differently. Management studies are ongoing to determine the appropriate action for Nebraska soybean producers.
Ohio: Bean pod mottle virus significantly decreased yield when it was inoculated on unifoliates of soybean lines in field studies during 2001 and 2003.
South Dakota: Spray inoculation of soybeans at high air pressures was not significantly different from hand inoculation in causing yield reduction. Yield losses up to 56.6% were identified in inoculated soybean experimental lines or cultivars.
Impacts
- Discussion on the occurrence of soybean viruses throughout the U.S. results in increased awareness of potential threats in cooperating states. This can directly impact our ability to identify and mitigate new viral disease as they occur as a result of inadvertent introduction or natural shifts in virulence.
- Evaluation of germplasm and the development of tolerant or resistance germplasm will result in the ability of variety selection to be a key management tool for producers. In studies conducted by cooperating committee members, yield reduction for Bean pod mottle virus was identified at 18% in Nebraska and as high as 57% in South Dakota. For this virus alone a significant economic return will be made for producers when tolerant soybean varieties are developed.
- Understanding the epidemiology of important viruses affecting soybean production will result in the improvement of management strategies throughout the region.
- The ability to educate soybean producers and commercial agriculture advisors is directly related to the information exchange among states and the cooperative efforts in the development of technology transfer media pieces. Committee members have developed key electronic recourses (i.e. NCSRP Plant Health Initiative Website pages), fact sheets, new releases and training events at winter programs and field days. These trainings materials result in improved management of viral diseases and mitig
Publications
Domier, L.L., Latorre, I.J., Steinlage, T.A., McCoppin, N., and Hartman, G.L. 2003. Variability and transmission of Aphis glycines of North American and Asian soybean mosaic virus isolates. Arch. Virol. 148:1925-1941.
Hajimorad, M. R., Eggengerger, A. L., and Hill, J. H. 2003. Evolution of Soybean mosaic virus-G7 molecularly cloned genome in Rsv1-genotype soybean results in emergence of a mutant capable of evading Rsv1-mediated recognition. Virology 314:497-509.
Hobbs, H.A., Hartman, G.L., Wang, Y., Hill, C.B., Bernard, R.L., Pedersen, W.L., and Domier, L.L.. 2003. Occurrence of seed coat mottling in soybean plants inoculated with Bean pod mottle virus and Soybean mosaic virus. Plant Dis. 87:1333-1336.
Krell, R. K., Bradshaw, J. D., Rice, M. E., Hill, J. H., Pedigo, L. P., and Westgate, M. E. 2002. Management of bean leaf beetles and bean pod mottle virus: a summary of current and future research. Proc. 14th Ann ICM Conf. ISU. pp. 89-98.
Krell, R. K., Pedigo, L. P., Hill, J. H., and Rice, M. E. 2003. Potential primary inoculum sources of Bean pod mottle virus in Iowa. Plant Disease 87:1416-1422.
Krell, R. K., Rice, M. E., Hill, J. H., and Pedigo, L. P. 2002. Early-season management of bean leaf beetle and bean pod mottle virus. ICM Newsletter 488 (7) : 57-58.
Krell, R. K., Wilson, T. A., Pedigo, L. P., and Rice, M. E. 2003. Characterization of bean leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) flight capacity. J. Kan. Ent. Soc. 76:406-416.
Mabry, T.R., H.A. Hobbs, T.A. Steinlage, B.B. Johnson, W.L. Pedersen, J.L. Spencer, E. Levine, S.A. Isard, L.L. Domier, and G.L. Hartman. 2003. Distribution of leaf-feeding beetles and Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) in Illinois and transmission of BPMV in soybean. Plant Dis. 87:1221-1225.
Steinlage. T. A., Hill, J. H., and Nutter, Jr., F. W. 2002. Temporal and spatial spread of soybean mosaic virus (SMV) in soybeans transformed with the coat protein gene of SMV. Phytopathology 92:478-486.
Werner, B. J., Krell, R. K., Pedigo, L. P., and Hill, J. H. 2003. The soybean leaf miner (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) as a vector of Bean pod mottle virus. J. Kan. Ent. Soc. 76:643-644.
In Press
Hill, C.B., Y. Li, and G.L. Hartman. 2004. Resistance of Glycine species and various cultivated legumes to the soybean aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae). J. of Econ. Entomol. (in press)
Hill, C.B., Y. Li, and G.L. Hartman. 2004. Resistance to the soybean aphid in soybean germplasm. Crop Sci. (in press)
Hill. J. H. Soybean. 2004. In: Impact of Plant Virus Diseases on Crops in Developing Countries. (eds) G. Loebenstein and G. Thottappilly. (in press).
Krell, R. K., Pedigo, L. P., Hill, J. H., and Rice, M. E. 2004. Bean leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) management for reduction of bean pod mottle virus. J. Econ. Ent. (in press).
Li, Y., C.B. Hill, and G.L. Hartman. 2004. The effect of three resistant soybean genotypes on the fecundity, mortality, and maturation of the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Homoptera: Aphididae). J. of Econ. Entomol. (in press)
Wang, Y., H.A. Hobbs, C.B. Hill, L.L. Domier, G.L. Hartman, and R.L. Nelson. Evaluation of ancestral lines of U.S. soybean cultivars for resistance to four soybean viruses. Crop Sci. (in press)
Technology Transfer
Plant Health Initiative website. Several pages of soybean virus information. URL address: http://www.planthealth.info/BLB/blb.htm
Bradshaw, J. D., Rice, M. E., and Hill, J. H. 2003. Efficacy of seed- and foliar-applied insecticides for bean leaf beetle and Bean pod mottle virus management. URL address: http://esa.ent.iastate.edu/stories/storyReader$159
Bradshaw, J. D., Rice, M. E., and Hill, J. H. 2002. Efficacy of thiamethoxam, clothianidin, and lambda-cyhalothrin for managing bean leaf beetles and bean pod mottle virus. Entomological Society of America. URL address: http://esa.confex.com/esa/htsearch.cgi?words=bradshaw&action=search&formaction=http%3A%2F%2Fesa.confex.com%2Fesa%2Fhtsearch.cgi&meetingid=2&dir=techprogram&override=&exclude=&config=&method=and&sort=score
Dorhout, D. L., Krell, R. K., Pedigo, L. P., and Hill, J. H. 2002. The effect of bean pod mottle virus inoculation at various growth stages on soybean seed discoloration and yield. North Central Branch of the Entomological Society of America. URL address: http://esa.ent.iastate.edu/confreg/?gridaction=viewonepresentation&year=2002&presnum=055&q=hill
Giesler, L. J. 2003. TRSV virus may be causing late-season green soybean plants. Crop Watch Newsletter. Oct. 23, 2003.
Giesler, L.J. 2004. Major soybean viruses vectored by insects. Crop Watch Newsletter. Apr. 23, 2004.
Hill, J. H., Krell, R., Rice, M. E., and Pedigo, L. P. 2003. Control of bean pod mottle virus through vector management. North Central Branch of the Entomological Society of America. URL address http://esa.ent.iastate.edu/confreg/
Langham, M. A. C., and Cihlar, C. C. 2004. Bean pod mottle virus in the Midwest--A known pathogen becomes a new problem. The Plant Health Instructor. News and Views. Feb., 2004. http://www.apsnet.org/education/K-12PlantPathways/NewsViews/Top.html
Krell, R. K., Pedigo, L. P., Hill, J. H., and Rice, M. E. 2002. Evaluation of a management tactic for bean pod mottle virus. North Central Branch of the Entomological Society of America. URL address: http://esa.ent.iastate.edu/confreg/?gridaction=viewonepresentation&year=2002&presnum=027&q=hill
Krell, R. K., Pedigo, L. P., Hill, J. H., Westgate, M. E., and Rice, M. E. 2002. Evaluation of a cultural tactic for bean pod mottle virus management. Entomological Society of America. URL address: http://esa.confex.com/esa/htsearch.cgi?words=krell&action=search&formaction=http%3A%2F%2Fesa.confex.com%2Fesa%2Fhtsearch.cgi&meetingid=2&dir=techprogram&over
Werner, B. J., Krell, R. K., and Pedigo, L. P. 2002. New host plant and vector relationships for Bean pod mottle virus. North Central Branch of the Entomological Society of America. On-line publication D108. URL address: http://esa.ent.iastate.edu/stories/storyReader$102
Hajimorad, M. R., Eggengerger, A. L., and Hill, J. H. 2003. Evolution of Soybean mosaic virus-G7 molecularly cloned genome in Rsv1-genotype soybean results in emergence of a mutant capable of evading Rsv1-mediated recognition. Virology 314:497-509.
Hobbs, H.A., Hartman, G.L., Wang, Y., Hill, C.B., Bernard, R.L., Pedersen, W.L., and Domier, L.L.. 2003. Occurrence of seed coat mottling in soybean plants inoculated with Bean pod mottle virus and Soybean mosaic virus. Plant Dis. 87:1333-1336.
Krell, R. K., Bradshaw, J. D., Rice, M. E., Hill, J. H., Pedigo, L. P., and Westgate, M. E. 2002. Management of bean leaf beetles and bean pod mottle virus: a summary of current and future research. Proc. 14th Ann ICM Conf. ISU. pp. 89-98.
Krell, R. K., Pedigo, L. P., Hill, J. H., and Rice, M. E. 2003. Potential primary inoculum sources of Bean pod mottle virus in Iowa. Plant Disease 87:1416-1422.
Krell, R. K., Rice, M. E., Hill, J. H., and Pedigo, L. P. 2002. Early-season management of bean leaf beetle and bean pod mottle virus. ICM Newsletter 488 (7) : 57-58.
Krell, R. K., Wilson, T. A., Pedigo, L. P., and Rice, M. E. 2003. Characterization of bean leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) flight capacity. J. Kan. Ent. Soc. 76:406-416.
Mabry, T.R., H.A. Hobbs, T.A. Steinlage, B.B. Johnson, W.L. Pedersen, J.L. Spencer, E. Levine, S.A. Isard, L.L. Domier, and G.L. Hartman. 2003. Distribution of leaf-feeding beetles and Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) in Illinois and transmission of BPMV in soybean. Plant Dis. 87:1221-1225.
Steinlage. T. A., Hill, J. H., and Nutter, Jr., F. W. 2002. Temporal and spatial spread of soybean mosaic virus (SMV) in soybeans transformed with the coat protein gene of SMV. Phytopathology 92:478-486.
Werner, B. J., Krell, R. K., Pedigo, L. P., and Hill, J. H. 2003. The soybean leaf miner (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) as a vector of Bean pod mottle virus. J. Kan. Ent. Soc. 76:643-644.
In Press
Hill, C.B., Y. Li, and G.L. Hartman. 2004. Resistance of Glycine species and various cultivated legumes to the soybean aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae). J. of Econ. Entomol. (in press)
Hill, C.B., Y. Li, and G.L. Hartman. 2004. Resistance to the soybean aphid in soybean germplasm. Crop Sci. (in press)
Hill. J. H. Soybean. 2004. In: Impact of Plant Virus Diseases on Crops in Developing Countries. (eds) G. Loebenstein and G. Thottappilly. (in press).
Krell, R. K., Pedigo, L. P., Hill, J. H., and Rice, M. E. 2004. Bean leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) management for reduction of bean pod mottle virus. J. Econ. Ent. (in press).
Li, Y., C.B. Hill, and G.L. Hartman. 2004. The effect of three resistant soybean genotypes on the fecundity, mortality, and maturation of the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Homoptera: Aphididae). J. of Econ. Entomol. (in press)
Wang, Y., H.A. Hobbs, C.B. Hill, L.L. Domier, G.L. Hartman, and R.L. Nelson. Evaluation of ancestral lines of U.S. soybean cultivars for resistance to four soybean viruses. Crop Sci. (in press)
Technology Transfer
Plant Health Initiative website. Several pages of soybean virus information. URL address: http://www.planthealth.info/BLB/blb.htm
Bradshaw, J. D., Rice, M. E., and Hill, J. H. 2003. Efficacy of seed- and foliar-applied insecticides for bean leaf beetle and Bean pod mottle virus management. URL address: http://esa.ent.iastate.edu/stories/storyReader$159
Bradshaw, J. D., Rice, M. E., and Hill, J. H. 2002. Efficacy of thiamethoxam, clothianidin, and lambda-cyhalothrin for managing bean leaf beetles and bean pod mottle virus. Entomological Society of America. URL address: http://esa.confex.com/esa/htsearch.cgi?words=bradshaw&action=search&formaction=http%3A%2F%2Fesa.confex.com%2Fesa%2Fhtsearch.cgi&meetingid=2&dir=techprogram&override=&exclude=&config=&method=and&sort=score
Dorhout, D. L., Krell, R. K., Pedigo, L. P., and Hill, J. H. 2002. The effect of bean pod mottle virus inoculation at various growth stages on soybean seed discoloration and yield. North Central Branch of the Entomological Society of America. URL address: http://esa.ent.iastate.edu/confreg/?gridaction=viewonepresentation&year=2002&presnum=055&q=hill
Giesler, L. J. 2003. TRSV virus may be causing late-season green soybean plants. Crop Watch Newsletter. Oct. 23, 2003.
Giesler, L.J. 2004. Major soybean viruses vectored by insects. Crop Watch Newsletter. Apr. 23, 2004.
Hill, J. H., Krell, R., Rice, M. E., and Pedigo, L. P. 2003. Control of bean pod mottle virus through vector management. North Central Branch of the Entomological Society of America. URL address http://esa.ent.iastate.edu/confreg/
Langham, M. A. C., and Cihlar, C. C. 2004. Bean pod mottle virus in the Midwest--A known pathogen becomes a new problem. The Plant Health Instructor. News and Views. Feb., 2004. http://www.apsnet.org/education/K-12PlantPathways/NewsViews/Top.html
Krell, R. K., Pedigo, L. P., Hill, J. H., and Rice, M. E. 2002. Evaluation of a management tactic for bean pod mottle virus. North Central Branch of the Entomological Society of America. URL address: http://esa.ent.iastate.edu/confreg/?gridaction=viewonepresentation&year=2002&presnum=027&q=hill
Krell, R. K., Pedigo, L. P., Hill, J. H., Westgate, M. E., and Rice, M. E. 2002. Evaluation of a cultural tactic for bean pod mottle virus management. Entomological Society of America. URL address: http://esa.confex.com/esa/htsearch.cgi?words=krell&action=search&formaction=http%3A%2F%2Fesa.confex.com%2Fesa%2Fhtsearch.cgi&meetingid=2&dir=techprogram&over
Werner, B. J., Krell, R. K., and Pedigo, L. P. 2002. New host plant and vector relationships for Bean pod mottle virus. North Central Branch of the Entomological Society of America. On-line publication D108. URL address: http://esa.ent.iastate.edu/stories/storyReader$102