Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Meeting Minutes The 2013 meeting of the NCCC-208 Committee was hosted by University of Minnesota from May 21 to May 23, 2013. Prior to the meeting an agenda was circulated and travel arrangements made by attending members. On the afternoon of May 21st, Alfredo DiCostanzo met Steve Loerch, Mike Brown and Tara Felix at the airport. This group was united with the remaining participants who traveled to the Rosemount Research and Outreach Center of the University of Minnesota for an evening meal, introduction, and pre-meeting discussion. On the morning of May 22rd, the group met at the conference room of the Center, and were welcomed by Greg Cuomo, Division Head, College of Food Agriculture and Natural Resource Sciences. John Lawrence, administrative advisor, shared the importance of outcome and impact reporting with the committee. The 2014 meeting was set to be held May 20 to 22 at the Ohio State University with Steve Loerch as host and secretary. A suggested site for the 2015 meeting is Utah State University. Station reports were then held until lunch. After lunch, reports resumed until the group toured the feedlot at the Rosemount Research and Outreach Center with a focus on facilities and application of industrial pH probe devices to measure ruminal pH. The group was joined by executives from the Minnesota Corn Growers Association, Minnesota State Cattlemens Association, and the Agricultural Utilization Research Institute. A meeting, moderated by Grant I. Crawford of Form-A-Feed, Inc., and University of Minnesota Adjunct Professor, was conducted to address issues of research direction and collaboration for the purpose of providing solutions to cattle feedlot operators in the Upper Midwest. Issues addressed by participants centered on effective and relevant research results which require additional efforts to disseminate by both researchers and funding agencies. Suggestions were made for committee members to collaborate and encouraged by the Minnesota Corn Growers Association to present multi-state research proposals that would leverage resources across universities and commodity funding streams. The meeting resumed at 8:00 AM on May 23th with station reports and adjourned at 11:30 AM.

SHORT-TERM OUTCOMES General: Enhanced cooperation and collaboration between Experiment Station members of NCCC206 both within and across Stations was achieved. This was particularly beneficial to stimulate collaborations among the newer committee members. In 2013, 12 committee members attended the annual meeting. In addition, 19 guests participated in meeting activities. These guests represented graduate students, faculty members, commodity organizations, feed industry, pharmaceutical industry, and packer industry. This attendance makes a substantial contribution to project objectives regarding stimulation of scientific discovery and sharing of results with stakeholders. Collaborative summarization and interpretation of reports of progress was performed by NCCC206 members. This occurred via email communications and at 2 committee meetings during each year. Progress was made in regards to standardization of research protocols to evaluate alternative feeds, feedlot nutrient balance, pre-harvest food safety management interventions and disease preventative measures in the pre-feedlot and receiving periods. Dr. Pritchard presented the research template for members to follow; thus, maximizing ability to develop the information with the greatest impact for society. Studies resulting from these collaborations were be pooled across participating experiment stations and years to generate robust datasets for meta-analyses designed to provide conclusive implications and further research direction. Feeding standards were developed for current and new generation alternative feeds derived from processing of oilseeds and grains into biofuels as components of growing and finishing cattle diets. Expected outcomes identified in the NCCC 208 proposal have been achieved. Objective 1. Enhance the utilization of C from energy feeds to compete in an energy economy and improve national food security. Committee members have concentrated their research focus on studying response by feedlot cattle to increasing concentrations of distillers grains, condensed distillers solubles or glycerin as substitutes for grain in high-energy diets. Ancillary impacts of feeding distillers grains such as increased concentrations of sulfur or whether antibiotic residues result from feeding distillers grains were also evaluated. Members from 9 states contributed to this objective (IL, IO, MN, NE, ND, OH, OK, and TX). Cost:benefit analysis and experimentation have determined performance and economic optimum inclusion rates for byproducts from the biofuels industry in cattle feedlot diets. Challenges of sulfur toxicity in distillers grains-based diets have been determined and mitigation strategies have been discovered and reported. Energy values and contributions to cattle nutrient requirements have been assessed. Objective 2. To enhance the environmental sustainability of the feedlot industry through conservation and nutrient management. A significant effort was made under this objective by committee members to evaluate impacts of utilization of co-products on nutrient balance and green house gas emissions. In addition, efforts to determine impact of steroid-base growth-promoting agents on feedlot effluent concentrations of these hormones were initiated by one of the participants. Similarly, research is under way to determine effects of facilities design on capacity to retain nutrients from manure. Residual effects of feeding distillers grains on manure characteristics in a methane fermentation system were determined. Manure from cattle fed distillers grains used in anaerobic digesters improved methane production and DM degradation of manure compared to manure from cattle fed no distillers grains. Effects of ²-adrenergic agonists to increase protein accretion, improve growth performance, and decrease adipose tissue deposition in cattle and consequences for nutrient capture by the animal were determined. Members from IN, MI, MN, NE, and WI contributed to this objective. Objective 3. To enhance the production efficiency and quality of feedlot cattle through management strategies and technologies. Renewed interest in alkali treatment of forages to enhance their value is a new focus of the group. Also, evaluation of slatted floor housing on cattle health and wellbeing is currently being conducted in support of great interest in the country to build confinement facilities. In addition, utilization of antibiotic treatments on cattle health to reduce morbidity and mortality in the feedlot continue. Strategies to increase nutrient digestibility and mitigate ruminal acidosis were identified. These strategies also reduce rumen wall leisions and liver abscesses. Approaches to reduce Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) in newly arrived cattle have been determined. Welfare and quality assurance tools were developed for use in commercial feedlots to facilitate auditing. Antibiotic efficacy and application strategies were determined for stressed feeder calves. Nutrient requirements and nutritional/supplementation strategies to improve health and performance were also completed. Dehorning techniques, lameness assessment tools, and multiple management approaches to enhance animal health and wellbeing were identified. Members from IL, IN, KS, MI, MN, NE, ND, OH, OK, SD, and WI contributed towards this objective. OUTPUTS Committee members from 11 states and USDA MARC make 109 presentations to stakeholders in state, regional, or national meetings. The presentations included webinars, cattle producer meetings, and scientific meetings across the US. Findings associated with NCCC208 Objectives were presented. In 2012, members of the committee published 42 refereed journal articles, 22 papers in proceedings, 46 experiment station publications, and 103 abstracts on project objectives. In addition, committee members published 74 articles in trade publications and newsletters. Thes outputs are communicated to academia, beef producers, feed industries, pharmaceutical industries, and consulting nutritionists and veterinarians. ACTIVITIES Objective 1: Enhance the utilization of C from energy feeds to compete in an energy economy and improve national food security. NCCC-308 members from Purdue University, University of Illinois, and Ohio State University wrote a collaborative proposal and submitted it to USDA-AFRI for funding in January, 2013. The project title is: Novel systems for efficient, sustainable beef production in a high priced grain economy. University of Illinois activities under Objective 1 focused in 4 areas in 2012: Effect of increasing levels of fat from solubles on feedlot cattle; Effects of level of urea inclusion on performance of growing cattle fed a corn silage based diet; Effects of increasing dietary glycerin on growth and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers; and Impact of grazing corn crop residue with mature cows on cattle performance, soil characteristics, and grazing behavior. Iowa State University Continued towards goal of safely increasing distillers grains inclusion in beef cattle diets; works suggests that increasing roughage inclusion in the diet of cattle fed high sulfur diets will minimize risk of decreased performance or toxicity. Michigan State University studied use of AFEX (ammonization under low pressure and temperature) on nutritional value of corn stover. University of Minnesota conducted research to determine energy value of reduced-fat distillers grains in dairyXbeef steers. North Dakota State University investigated influence of supplementation with dried corn distillers grains plus solubles on performance and feeding behavior in backgrounding steers. They also studied the influence or dry roll processing and dried corn distillers grains plus solubles on performance, feeding and ruminating behavior, and carcass traits in finishing steers. Oklahoma State University determined the effects of titrating corn-based dried distillers grains plus solubles with sorghum-based wet distillers grains plus solubles on yearling heifers on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. They also determine optimum blends of byproduct feeds in finishing rations on performance, carcass, and fecal characteristics of yearling heifers. West Texas A&M University conducted 2 experiments under Objective 1. In Exp. 1, crossbred steers (55 pens) were fed iso-fat, iso-N diets in which the N in 10 or 20% condensed distillers solubles was replaced by urea N or cottonseed meal N. Results indicated that the N in condensed distillers solubles is a more effective replacement of urea N than cottonseed meal N. Replacing cottonseed meal N reduced ADG and carcass weight, and produced leaner carcasses, whereas carcass quality was slightly improved when more condensed distillers solubles was fed. In Exp. 2, crossbred steers (36 pens) were fed iso-fat, iso-N diets, which included a control diet or diets that contained 15% wet distillers grains with soluble plus an additional 0, 7.5 or 15% condensed distillers solubles. Based on cattle performance, the NEg of wet distillers grains and condensed distillers solubles fed were 100 and 85%, respectively, of the NEg of steam-flaked corn. Wet distillers grains were effective replacement for steam-flaked corn in finishing rations at 15% of DM and including condensed distillers solubles up to an additional 15% of DM in equal fat diets did not have a negative impact on performance or carcass characteristics. Objective 2: To enhance the environmental sustainability of the feedlot industry through conservation and nutrient management. University of Illinois conducted research to determine effects of diet on methane production and plasma metabolites. Purdue University conducted research to determine effect of CaO inclusion in 60% DDGS diets on nitrogen balance and apparent digestibility. Michigan State University performed experiments to determine the effects of feeding distillers grain with soluble to cattle in a high concentrate ration on air emissions. University of Minnesota determined yearly yield and nutrient value from manure produced by cattle housed in confinement (manure pack or slatted floors over pits) and outdoor lots. Objective 3: To enhance the production efficiency and quality of feedlot cattle through management strategies and technologies. This objective represented a major source of activity for committee members. NCCC-308 members from University of Illinois and Ohio State University wrote a collaborative proposal and submitted it to USDA-AFRI for funding in January, 2013. The project title is: Effects of chromium supplementation during gestation on insulin function, glucose metabolism, growth, development, and reproductive function of progeny. The University of Illinois conducted 6 experiments: Effects of CaO treatment to dry and wet distillers grains plus solubles on feedlot performance of growing steers; Effects of calcium oxide treatment of corn stover and wet distillers grains on digestibility and rumen metabolism of growing steers; Effects of gestational and postnatal nutrition on subsequent performance of progeny; Use of alternate forages for alleviating tall fescue toxicosis in growing beef cattle; Effects of calcium oxide treatment of corn stover and wet distillers grains on rumen metabolism of growing steers; and Effects of calcium oxide treatment of dry and wet distillers grains plus solubles on digestibility, rumen pH, VFA concentration, and in-situ fiber disappearance of growing steers. Purdue University had 8 activities under this objective: Effect of ²-carotene supplementation on plasma vitamin A, growth, performance, carcass characteristics, and expression of genes involved in vitamin A metabolism in feedlot cattle; Effect of dietary cation anion difference (DCAD) on beef tenderness; Effect of feeding distillers dried grains with solubles during lactation on cow performance, milk composition and pre-weaning progeny performance; Effect of increasing distillers grains inclusion on performance and carcass characteristics of early-weaned steers; Effect of CaO inclusion in 60% DDGS diets on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle; Effect of Ca(OH)2 or additional corn silage on performance of feedlot cattle fed 60% DDGS; Effect of Ca(OH)2 and corn stover inclusion in 60% DDGS containing no corn on performance of feedlot cattle; and Effect of supranutritional vitamin D during gestation and/or lactation on cow performance, and feedlot performance of male progeny. Michigan State University developed strategies to minimize the fecal shedding of pathogens and investigated novel feeding systems for Holstein steers. North Dakota State University scientists worked in 6 activity areas: Evaluation of pea forage in growing and finishing feedlot rations; Evaluation of an enzyme supplement to enhance forage digestibility and improve performance of growing calves; Influence of corn and barley inclusion in finishing diets containing distillers grains; Finishing beef cattle on totally-mixed and self-fed rations; Influence of nutrient restriction and melatonin supplementation on maternal and fetal pancreatic function in sheep; and Influence of nutrient restriction and melatonin supplementation on maternal and fetal liver and small intestinal oxygen consumption in sheep. Oklahoma State University conducted research to determine effect of energy density in high byproduct diets on health and performance of receiving calves. South Dakota State University conducted research to evaluate using calcium depletion-repletion in conjunction with feeding zilpaterol to attenuate the increase in sheer force that is caused by the beta-agonist. They also replicated a chromium supplementation study in calf-feds. Activities also included measure of gene expression related to growth of muscle and adipose tissues of the longissimus muscle in steers developed by divergent growth curves. MILESTONES Important milestones on project objectives occurred. The following notable examples are presented. The University of Illinois is focused on strategies to increase inclusion of corn co-products in feedlot cattle diets and reduce costs of production. An intermediate step towards this goal relates to our work in the area of improving digestibility of these feedstuffs through the use of dietary additives and pretreatment processes. This has led to an ongoing collaboration among Ohio State, Purdue, and Illinois to pursue these objectives. Furthermore, we have established our greenhouse gas collection hoods and have begun quantifying enteric methane production from cattle. We will continue to research ways to reduce methane production to improve the efficiency and environmental sustainability of beef cattle production. Purdue University completed a project on addition of alkalizing agents directly to a total mixed ration containing 60% DDGS improves performance of feedlot cattle. This has led to further collaboration among Ohio State, Purdue, and Illinois to pursue these objectives. Michigan State University completed specific experiments and determined feeding 40% DDGS increases nitrogen and sulfur emissions. They also demonstrated that sulfur and nitrogen emissions are drastically reduced by separation of urine and feces. A recently completed experiment suggests feeding molybdenum may reduce methane emissions. A food borne pathogen project revealed that population of STEC producing microorganisms vary within a herd of cattle and the ability of rumen fluid to inhibit growth of SREC producing organisms can vary as high as 4-fold within a herd. University of Minnesota completed a series of experiments that revealed as inclusion of distillers grains in feedlot diets moderates because of corn grain:distillers grains price relationship, we have demonstrated a need to increase DIP content in diets using urea. Further efforts with slow-release urea products will aid in determining whether there is a place for these products in low-inclusion distillers grains diets. Progress was made in another focus area: concentrations of antibiotics in distillers grains are low, and for many types of livestock and poultry destined for harvest, concentrations of antibiotics are well within feed antibiotic recommendations. Further, residues remaining in distillers grains were mostly inactivated. At North Dakota State University a project was completed to optimize use of distillers grains in growing and finishing diets. Data suggests that animals alter their feeding behavior in response to distillers grains inclusion and other dietary factors. Understanding the factors influencing feeding behavior could result in improvements in utilization of distillers grains and other feed resources. West Texas A&M University completed experiments on distillers solubles. This collection of data gives insight into the protein and energy values of condensed distillers solubles to equip nutrition professionals with data necessary to derive a fair economic value of condensed distillers solubles and associated impacts on cattle performance. University of Wisconsin determined that hormones are rapidly degraded in surface water runoff, which suggests minimal impact on aquatic organisms. An animal wellbeing project determined that rubber slat flooring surface reduces lying bout duration.

2012 Refereed Journal Articles and Book Chapters: Purdue University Drewnoski, M.E., S. M. Ensley, D. C. Beitz, J. P. Schoonmaker, D. D. Loy, P. M. Imerman, J. A. Rathje, and S. L. Hansen. 2012. Assessment of ruminal hydrogen sulfide or urine thiosulfate as diagnostic tools for sulfur induced polioencephalomalacia in cattle. J. Vet. Diag. Invest. 24(4):702-709. Schoonmaker, J. 2012. Nutrition of Ruminants. (Chapter 6). In: Animal Science and Industry, 8th Edition, Edit. M. Cunningham, M. A. Latour, and D. Acker., Pearson & Prentice Hall, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ. Schoonmaker, J.P., and D. C. Beitz. 2012. Hydrogen sulphide: synthesis, physiological roles and pathology associated with feeding cattle maize co-products of the ethanol industry. In Biofuel co-products as livestock feed: Opportunites and challentes. Pp. 101-113. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy. Iowa State University Drewnoski, M. E., E. L. Richter, and S. L. Hansen. 2012. Dietary roughage level, days on finishing diet, and dietary sulfur content affect rumen hydrogen sulfide concentrations of steers. Journal of Animal Sci. 90:4478-4486. Pastoor, J. W., D. D. Loy, A. Trenkle, and J. D. Lawrence. 2012. Comparing fed cattle performance in open lot and bedded confinement feedlot facilities. Professional Animal Scientist 28:410-416. Pogge, D.J., E. L. Richter, M. E. Drewnoski and S. L. Hansen. 2012. Mineral concentrations of plasma and liver following injection with a trace mineral complex differ among Angus and Simmental cattle. J. Animal. Sci. 90:2692-2698. Richter, E. L., M. E. Drewnoski, and S. L. Hansen. 2012. Effects of increased dietary sulfur on beef steer mineral status, performance, and meat fatty acid composition J. Animal. Sci. 90:3945-3953. Drewnoski, M.E., S.M. Ensley, D.C. Beitz, D.D. Loy, P.M. Imerman, J.A. Rathje, and S.L. Hansen. 2012. Assessment of ruminal hydrogen sulfide or urine thiosulfate as diagnostic tools for sulfur induced polioencephalomalacia in cattle. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 24(4):702-9. Jurgens, M., K. Bregendahl, J. Coverdale, and S. Hansen. 2012. Animal Feeding & Nutrition, 11th Ed. Kendall Hunt Publishers. Dubuque, IA. University of Minnesota Pacheco, R.D.L., D.D. Millen, N. DiLorenzo, C.L. Martins, C.T. Marino, M.V. Fossa, S.L. Beier, A. DiCostanzo, P.H.M. Rodrigues, and M.D.B. Arrigoni. 2012. Effects of feeding a multivalent polyclonal antibody preparation on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, rumenitis and blood gas profile in Bos indicus biotype yearling bulls. J. Anim. Sci. doi:10.2527/jas.2010-3521 Otero, W.G., C.T. Marino, C. Barreto, V.H. Pellizari, D.D. Millen, R.D.L. Pacheco, F.L. Ferreira, A. DiCostanzo, M.D.B. Arrigoni, and P.H.M. Rodrigues. 2012. Rumen microbial diversity under influence of a polyclonal antibody preparation against lactate-producing and proteolytic bacteria in cows fed different energy sources. Rev. Bras. Saúde Prod. Anim. 13:491-502. Rodgers, J. C., S. L. Bird, J. E. Larson, N. DiLorenzo, C. R. Dahlen, A. DiCostanzo, and G.C. Lamb. 2012. An economic evaluation of estrous synchronization and timed artificial insemination in suckled beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 90:4055-4062. University of Nebraska Erickson, G. E., Klopfenstein, T. J., and A. K.. Watson. 2012. Utilization of feed byproducts from the wet and dry milling industry for beef cattle. Pp 77-99. In FAO. Biofuel co-products as livestock feed - Opportunities and challenges, edited by Harinder P.S. Makkar. Rome. Italy. Harrison, J., R. White, V. Ishler, G. Erickson, A. Sutton, T. Applegate, B. Richert, T. Nennich, R. Koelsch, R. Burns, D. Meyer, R. Massey, and G. Carpenter. 2012. Implementation of feed management as part of whole farm nutrient management. Prof. Anim. Scient. 28:364-369. Luebbe, M. K., G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, and M. A. Greenquist. 2012. Nutrient mass balance and performance of feedlot cattle fed corn wet distillers grains plus solubles. J. Anim. Sci. 90:296-306. Mello, Jr., A. S., C. R. Calkins, B. E. Jenschke, T. P. Carr, M. E. R. Dugan, and G. E. Erickson. 2012. Beef quality of calf-fed steers finished on varying levels of corn-based wet distillers grains plus solubles. J. Anim. Sci. 90:4625-4633. Mello, Jr., A. S., B. E. Jenschke, L. S. Senaratne, T. P. Carr, G. E. Erickson and C. R. Calkins. 2012. Effects of feeding modified distillers grains plus solubles on marbling attributes, proximate composition, and fatty acid profile of beef. J. Anim. Sci. 90:4634-4640. Pesta, A. C., A. H. Titlow, J. A. Hansen, A. L. Berger, S. A. Furman, M. K. Luebbe, G. E. Erickson, and K. H. Jenkins. 2012. Effects of feeding field peas in combination with distillers grains plus solubles in finishing and growing diets on cattle performance and carcass characteristics. Prof. Anim. Scient. 28:534-540. North Dakota State University Salim, H., K. M. Wood, M. K. Abo-Ismail, P. L. McEwen, I. B. Mandell, S. P. Miller, J. P. Cant, and K. C. Swanson. 2012. Influence of feeding increasing levels of dry corn distillers grains plus solubles in whole corn grain-based finishing diets on total tract digestion, nutrient balance, and excretion in beef steers. J. Anim. Sci. 90:4441-4448. Doelman, J., H. Cao, N. G. Purdie, J. J. M. Kim, K. C. Swanson, V. R. Osborne, J. Tey, A. Ali, Z. Feng, N. A. Karrow, J. P. Cant. 2012. Transcript profiling of the ruminant liver indicates a unique program of transcriptional regulation of ketogenic enzymes during food restriction. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part D: Genom. Proteom. 7:303-310. Ohio State University Owens, L. B., D.J. Barker, S.C. Loerch, M.J. Shipitalo, J.V. Bonta, and R.M. Sulc. 2012. Nitrate leaching from pastures as impacted by continuous or frequent rotational grazing. J. Environ. Quality. 41:106-113. Relling, A. E., K. Lee, S. C. Loerch, and C. K. Reynolds. 2012. Effects of Glucose, Propionate and Splanchnic Hormones on Neuropeptide mRNA concentrations in the Ovine Hypothalamus. J. Anim. Physiol. and Anim. Nutr. 96:648-654. Felix, T. L. , W. P. Weiss, F. L. Fluharty, and S. C. Loerch. 2012. Effects of copper supplementation on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and rumen sulfur metabolism of growing cattle fed diets containing 60% dried distillers grains. J. Anim. Sci. 90:2710-2716. Pickworth, C. L., S. C. Loerch , and F. L. Fluharty. 2012. Restriction of vitamin A and D in beef cattle finishing diets on feedlot performance and adipose accretion. J. Anim. Sci. 90:1866-1878. Pickworth, C. L., S. C. Loerch , R. E. Kopec, S. J. Schwartz, and F. L. Fluharty. 2012. Concentration of pro-vitamin A carotenoids in common beef cattle feedstuffs. J. Anim. Sci. 90:1553-1561. Felix, T. L., H. N. Zerby, S. J. Moeller, and S. C. Loerch. 2012. Effects of increasing dried distillers grains with solubles on performance, carcass characteristics, and digestibility of feedlot lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 90:1356-1363. Arnett, E. J., F. L. Fluharty, S. C. Loerch, H. N. Zerby, R. A. Zinn, and P. S. Kuber. 2012. Effects of forage level in feedlot finishing diets on carcass characteristics and palatability of Jersey beef. J. Anim. Sci. 90:960-972. Felix, T. L. , I. Susin, L. M. Shoup, A. E. Radunz, and S. C. Loerch. 2012. Effects of supplemental dried distillers grains or soybean hulls on growth and internal parasite status of grazing lambs. Sheep and Goat Res. J. 27:1-8. Felix, T. L., T. A. Murphy, and S. C. Loerch. 2012. Effects of dietary inclusion and NaOH treatment of dried distillers grains with solubles on ruminal metabolism of feedlot cattle. J. Anim. Sci. doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4736. Pickworth, C. L., S. C. Loerch , and F. L. Fluharty. 2012. Effects of timing and duration of dietary vitamin A reduction on carcass quality of finishing beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 90:2677-2691. Radunz, A. E., F. L. Fluharty, A. E. Relling, T. L. Felix, L. M. Shoup, H. N. Zerby, and S. C. Loerch. 2012. Prepartum dietary energy source fed to beef cows: II. Effects on progeny postnatal growth, glucose tolerance, and carcass composition. J. Anim. Sci. doi:10.2527/jas.2012-5098. Felix, T. L., N. A. Pyatt, and S. C. Loerch. 2012. Effects of monensin supplementation on ruminal metabolism of feedlot cattle fed diets containing dried distillers grains. J. Anim. Sci. 90:3905-3913. Morrow, L. A., T. L. Felix, F. L. Fluharty, and S. C. Loerch. 2013. Effects of hay supplementation in corn and dried distillers grains with solubles-based diets on performance and ruminal metabolism in feedlot cattle. Professional Animal Scientist. In press. Morrow, L. A., T. L. Felix, F. L. Fluharty, K. M. Daniels, and S. C. Loerch. 2013. Effects of sulfur and acidity on performance and digestibility in feedlot lambs fed dried distillers grains with solubles. J. Anim. Sci. doi:10.2527/jas.2012-5866. Oklahoma State University Burken, D.B., K.G. Hanger, R.B. Hicks, D.L. VanOverbeke, G.G. Hilton, J.L. Wahrmund, B.P. Holland, C.R. Krehbiel, P.K. Camfield, and C.J. Richards. 2012. Vitamin E supplementation in wet distillers grains with solubles beef finishing diets: Feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. J. Anim. Sci. 90:1349-1355. Wahrmund, J.L., J.R. Ronchesel, C.R. Krehbiel, C.L. Goad, and C.J. Richards. 2012. Ruminal acidosis challenge impact on ruminal temperature in feedlot cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 90:2794-2801. Gifford, C.A., B.P. Holland, R.L. Mills, J.K. Farney, S.J. Terrill, D.L. Step, C.J. Richards, and L.O. Burciaga-Robles and C.R. Krehbiel. 2012. Impacts of inflammation on cattle growth and carcass merit. J. Anim. Sci. 90:1438-1451. Wahrmund, J.L., D.B. Burken, B.K. Wilson, S.J. Terrill, D.L. Step, C.R. Krehbiel, S.M. Trost, and C.J. Richards. 2012. Impact of truck compartment on ruminal temperature during transit and subsequent health and performance of recently weaned beef heifers. Prof. Anim. Sci. 28:670-677. USDAMeat Animal Research Center Hales, K. E., K. J. Kraich, R. G. Bondurant, B. E. Meyer, M. K. Luebbe, M. S. Brown, N. A. Cole, J. C. MacDonald. Effects of crude glycerin on receiving performance and health status of beef steers and nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics of Holstein steers. J. Anim. Sci. Submitted Feb 4, 2012. Hales, K. E., H. C. Freetly, S. S. Shackelford, D. A. King. 2013. Effects of roughage concentration in dry-rolled corn-based diets containing wet distillers grains with solubles on performance, carcass characteristics, and in vitro dry matter digestibility of finishing beef steers. J. Anim. Sci. In Press. Hales, K. E., R. G. Bondurant, M. K. Luebbe, N. A. Cole, J. C. MacDonald. 2013. Effects of crude glycerin in steam-flaked corn-based diets fed to growing feedlot cattle. J. Anim. Sci. In Press. Hales, K. E., N. A. Cole, J. C. MacDonald. 2013. Effects of increasing concentrations of wet distillers grains with solubles on energy metabolism, carbon-nitrogen balance, and methane emissions of cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 91:819828. Proceedings and Technical Reports: University of Illinois Felix, Tara L. 2012. Alternative Feedstuffs and Changing Co-products: Feedlot Cattle. Driftless Region Beef Conference. January 31, 2013. University of Minnesota DiCostanzo, A., G.I. Crawford, and R.B. Cox. 2012. Distillers grains research results at University of MinnesotaA Review. In Proc. Plains Nutrition Conference. Texas Agri Life Pub AREC 2012-26. pp 108-120. April 12-13, San Antonio, TX. Jaderborg, J.P. and A. DiCostanzo. 2012. Managing feed storage, mixing and delivery for efficiency. In: Proc. 73rd Minnesota Nutrition Conference. Sep 18-19. Owatonna, MN, Ohio State University Loerch, S. C. Nutrition of newly arrived feedlot cattle. Brasil Nutrition Conference, Uberlandia, SP. March 11, 2012. Loerch, S. C. Feed bunk management of cattle fed high-grain diets. Brasil Nutrition Conference, Uberlandia, SP. March 11, 2012. Oklahoma State University Richards, C.J., C.R. Krehbiel, D.L. Step, R.B. Hicks, J.L. Wahrmund, B.K. Wilson, C.L. Maxwell, J. Wagner, and B.T. Johnson. 2012. Evaluation of remote temperature monitoring for detection of bovine respiratory disease and use of wet distillers grains in receiving and finishing diets. Plains Nutr. Council Spring Conf. Publ. p. 99-102. Texas A&M Research and Extension Center, Amarillo. Krehbiel, C.R., B.P. Holland, R.L. Mills, C.L. Maxwell, C. A. Gifford, J.K. Johnson, D.L. Step, C.J. Richards, and L.O. Burciaga Robles. 2012. Impact of Animal Health and Immune Function on Beef Animal Growth. 27th Ann. SW. Nutr. & Mgnt. Conf. p. 95-106. Krehbiel, C.R., S.J. Terrill, R.L. Mills, C.A. Gifford, D.L. Step, C.J. Richards, and L.O. Burciaga Robles. 2012. Inflammation and Nutrient Metabolism in Ruminants. 23rd Annual Florida Ruminant Nutrition Symposium. p. 44-53. South Dakota State University Pritchard, R.H. 2013. Feedlot Technologies. Proc. Northern States Beef Conference. Watertown, SD. Pritchard, R.H. 2013. Preparing the calf for feedlot: The role of nutrition and management in the pre-weaning period on future health and performance. Proc. of the 24th Florida Nutrition Conference. pp43-48. Pritchard, R.H. 2013. Growing/Backgrounding Programs for Calves  Management Regimens, Carryover Influences on Finishing Performance, Carcass Weights and Carcass Composition. Proc Plains Nutrition Council Spring Conference. TAMU Publ. No. AREC 2013-24 pp 65-75. West Texas A&M University Brown, M. S. Feed management practices and considerations. Novus Technial Symposium, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. June 2012. Brown, M. S. Reconstitution of sorghum grain. 7th International Beef Cattle Congress, Piricicba, Sao Paulo, Brazil. December 2012. Brown, M. S. Assessment of steam-flaked grains. 7th International Beef Cattle Congress, Piricicba, Sao Paulo, Brazil. December 2012. Brown, M. S. Key concepts in value ingredient exchanges. 15th International Symposium on Feedlot Cattle Production, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. October 2012. Brown, M. S. Mineral nutrition. Novus Technial Symposium, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. June 2012. Brown, M. S. Protein and fiber considerations in adaptation rations. Novus Technial Symposium, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. June 2012. Brown, M. S. Potential and limitations of feed additives. Brazilian Student Congress of Animal Science, Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil. May 2012. Brown, M. S. A review of direct-microbial technology. South African Cattlemen's Conference, Pretoria, South Africa. March 2012. Brown, M. S. Carcass gain concepts. South African Cattlemen's Conference, Pretoria, South Africa. March 2012. USDAMeat Animal Research Center Freetly, H. C. and K. E. Hales. U.S. MARC Research Update. Plains Nutrition Council, San Antonio, TX April 18 - 19, 2013. Cole, N. A., K. E. Hales, R. W. Todd, and J. C. MacDonald. Effects of corn processing method and dietary inclusion of wet distillers grains with solubles on enteric methane emissions of finishing cattle. Livestock and Environmental Learning Center Conference, Denver, CO April 5  6, 2013. Abstracts: University of Illinois Odusote, Lanre, Wes Chapple, and Tara L. Felix. 2012. Use of chemically treated corn stover as a possible alternative to corn in feedlot cattle diets. Summer Research Opportunities Program. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Liu, T., L.F. Rodriguez, A.R. Green, D.W. Shike, and J.R. Segers. 2012. Cattle movement monitoring for the assessment of impacts on pasture based systems. ASABE Paper No. 1100006. Louisville, Ky. ASABE. Liu, T., L. F. Rodríguez, A. R. Green, D. W. Shike, J. R. Segers, G. D. N. Maia, H. D. Norris. 2012. Assessment of cattle impacts on soil characteristics in integrated crop-livestock systems. ASABE Paper No. 121338321. Dallas, TX. ASABE. Norris, H., L. Rodriguez, T. Liu, A. Green, D. Shike, J. Segers, G. Maia, B. Ramirez, 2012. Impact of Livestock on Soil Characteristics in a Crop-Livestock Agroecosystem. Heather Norris. Dallas, TX. ASABE AIM. Duckworth, M.J., A.R. Schroeder, D.B. Faulkner, D.W. Shike, and T.L. Felix. 2013. Effects of feeding CaO treated WDGS or treated corn stover to cattle on performance, carcass characteristics, and ruminal metabolism. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 96: E-Suppl. 2. Nunez, A.J. C., T.L. Felix, S.C. Loerch, R.P. Lemenager, and J.P. Schoonmaker. 2013. Effects of calcium oxide inclusion in beef feedlot diets containing 60% dried distillers grains with soluble on performance and carcass characteristics. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 96: E-Suppl. 2. Long, C.J., T.L. Felix, and S.C. Loerch. 2013. Effects of dietary sulfur source on hydrogen sulfide gas concentrations in feedlot lambs. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 96: E-Suppl. 2. Kloth, A.C., L. M. Shoup, and D. W. Shike. 2013. Effects of late-gestation coproduct supplementation and time of weaning on cow performance and reproduction. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 96:E-Suppl. 2. Milnamow, M. R., T. B. Wilson, D. B. Faulkner, F. A. Ireland, and D. W. Shike. 2013. Effects of grazing novel endophyte-infected fescue following grazing endophyte-infected fescue on steer performance. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 96:E-Suppl. 2. DelValle, T. P., C. F. Shipley, F. A. Ireland, H. M. French, V. L. Jarrell, D. B. Faulkner, J. Fuselier, and D. W. Shike. 2013 Effects of pyrethroid insecticides on reproductive parameters of beef bulls. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 96:E-Suppl. 2. Cassady, C., T. B. Wilson, K. Retallick, D. B. Faulkner, and D. W. Shike. 2013. Relationship between heifer feed efficiency measures and intake of good-quality and poor-quality forage in mature beef cows. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 96:E-Suppl. 2. Kloth, A. M., C. F. Shipley, H. M. French, V. L. Jarrell, D. B. Faulkner, and D. W. Shike. 2013. Effects of pyrethroid insecticide on reproductive parameters of beef cows. Sect. Mtg. Abstracts. J. Anim. Sci. 96:E-Suppl. 2. Sneed, A., and T.L. Felix. 2013. Effects of increasing glycerin inclusion on beef cattle performance. Undergraduate Research Symposium. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Maia, G.D.N., A.R. Green, B.C. Ramirez, Y. Sun, J.R. Segers, D.W. Shike, R.S. Gates, and L.F. Rodriguez. 2013. Overview and Application of a Metabolic Chamber for Quanitification of Greenhouse Gas Generation from Enteric Fermentation. ASABE Intl. Mtg. July 21, Kansas City, MO. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE. (Accepted). Segers, J.S., T.L. Felix, and D.W. Shike. 2013. Effects of energy source and dietary fat concentration from corn coproducts, during the growing phase, on beef cattle performance, carcass traits, digestibility, and ruminal metabolism. Joint Mtg. Abstracts. (Accepted) Chapple, W.P., D.B. Faulkner, M.J. Cecava, P.H. Doane, A.H. Grusby, and T.L. Felix. Effects of feeding treated corn sotver and distillers grains to beef cattle on performance, carcass traits, digestibility, and ruminal metabolism. Joint Mtg. Abstracts. (Accepted). Purdue University J. P. Schoonmaker, M. C. Claeys, and R. P. Lemenager. 2012. Effect of increasing distillers grains inclusion on performance and carcass characteristics of early-weaned steers. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl. 2):124. K. N. Condron, R. P. Lemenager, M. C. Claeys, and J. P. Schoonmaker. 2012. Effect of ²-carotene supplementation on plasma vitamin A, growth, performance, and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl. 2):80 C. N. Shee, R. P. Lemenager, M. C. Claeys, and J. P. Schoonmaker. 2012. Effect of feeding distillers dried grains with solubles during lactation on cow performance, milk composition and pre-weaning progeny performance. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl. 2):42. J. P. Schoonmaker, K. T. Korn, K. N. Condron, C. N. Shee, M. C. Claeys, T. D. Nennich, and R. P. Lemenager. 2012. Effect of dietary cation anion difference (DCAD) on beef tenderness. J. Anim. Sci., 90(Suppl. 3):367. K. N. Condron, J. N. Waddell, M. C. Claeys, R. P. Lemenager, and J. P. Schoonmaker. 2012. Effect of ²-carotene supplementation on fatty acid profile and expression of genes involved in vitamin A metabolism. J. Anim. Sci., 90(Suppl. 3):592. P. J. Gunn, J. P. Schoonmaker, R. P. Lemenager, and G. A. Bridges. 2012. Feeding distillers grains as an energy source to gestating and lactating beef heifers: Impact on growth, ovarian function, puberty attainment and reproductive efficiency of female progeny. J. Anim. Sci,. 90(Suppl. 3):472. P. J. Gunn, J. P. Schoonmaker, R. P. Lemenager, and G. A. Bridges. 2012. Feeding distillers grains as an energy source to gestating and lactating beef heifers: Impact on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and glucose tolerance of steer progeny. J. Anim. Sci., 90(Suppl 3): 432. P. J. Gunn, G. A. Bridges, R. P. Lemenager, and J. P. Schoonmaker. 2012. Feeding distillers grains as an energy source to gestating and lactating beef heifers: Impact on steer progeny longissimus muscle fatty acid profile. J. Anim. Sci., 90(Suppl. 3):338. P. J. Gunn, J. P. Schoonmaker, R. P. Lemenager, and G. A. Bridges. 2012. Meta-analysis on the effects of supplementing distillers grains to beef cows during early lactation on reproductive efficiency and pre-weaning progeny growth. J. Anim. Sci., 90(Suppl. 3):518. A. J. C. Nunez, V. V. Almeida, J. P. Schoonmaker, F. T. Merdcado, F. Pinese, I. E. Borges, R. R. Casagrande, P. R. Leme, and J. C. M. Nogueira Filho. 2012. Concentrate level and combined used of ionophore and virginiamycin on feeding behavior of Nellore steers fed high grain diets. J. Anim. Sci., 90(Suppl. 3):631. Iowa State University Morine, S.J., M.E. Drewnoski, S.L. Hansen. 2012. Determining the influence of dietary roughage concentration and source on rumen parameters related to sulfur toxicity. J. Anim. Sci. (Suppl. 2) 90:15. *Undergraduate Oral Competition Paper Daniels, L.J., M.E. Drewnoski, S.L. Hansen. 2012. Quick Test for Sulfur Level in Ethanol Co-products. J. Anim. Sci. (Suppl. 2) 90:131. *Undergraduate Poster Competition Paper Brasche, C.J., M.E. Drewnoski, S.L. Hansen. 2012. Effects of dietary sulfur source on ruminal pH and hydrogen sulfide of feedlot steers. J. Anim. Sci. (Suppl. 2) 90:132. *Undergraduate Poster Competition Paper Hansen, SL, D.J. Pogge and S.M. Lonergan. 2012. Effect of supplemental vitamin C on meat quality of cattle fed varying concentrations of dietary sulfur. Reciprocation session at 65th Reciprocal Meats Conference. Genther, O.N. and S.L. Hansen. 2012. Use of an injectable mineral in beef cattle: Growth and carcass characteristics. J. Anim. Sci. (Suppl. 3)90:145. Genther, O.N. and S.L. Hansen. 2012. Use of an injectable mineral in beef cattle: Mineral status. J. Anim. Sci. (Suppl. 3) 90:144. Pogge, D.J., S.M. Lonergan, and S.L. Hansen. 2012. Supplemental vitamin C alleviates negative effects of high sulfur diets on beef quality. J. Anim. Sci. (Suppl. 3) 90:151. Morine, S.J., M.E. Drewnoski, and S.L. Hansen. 2012. Determining the influence of dietary NDF concentration from bromegrass hay on performance of steers fed high sulfur diets. J. Anim. Sci. (Suppl. 3) 90:404. Pogge, D.J, M.E. Drewnoski, and S.L. Hansen. 2012. High dietary sulfur decreases apparent absorption of copper and manganese by steers. J. Anim. Sci. (Suppl. 3) 90:402. Michigan State University Singh, Pallava, Jernigan, Katherine, Radek, Christopher, Britton, Robert, Venegas, Cristina, Rust, Steven R., Bartlett, Paul, Grooms, Daniel, Manning, Shannon D. 2012. Variation in microbiota diversity between beef and dairy cattle. [Abstract] American Society for Microbiology. University of Minnesota Ceconi, I., A.DiCostanzo, and G.I. Crawford. 2012. Effect of urea inclusion in diets containing distillers grains on feedlot cattle performance and carcass characteristics. J. Anim. Sci. 90:(Suppl. 2). Abstract 113. Crawford, G.I., J.M. Kelzer, J. Jaderborg, and A. DiCostanzo. 2012. Effects of dietary inclusion of manganese oxide in beef cattle feedlot diets containing high concentrations of sulfur. J. Anim. Sci. 90:(Suppl. 2). Abstract 114. Huber, G.M., A. DiCostanzo, and G.I. Crawford. 2012. Interaction of dietary roughage and sulfur concentration on performance of beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 90:(Suppl. 2). Abstract 117. Kelzer, J.M., M. Ruiz-Moreno, G.I. Crawford, A. DiCostanzo, and G.C. Lamb. 2012. Effects of supplemental manganese oxide on ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentration, ruminal pH, and feedlot performance of beef cattle fed high-sulfur finishing diets. J. Anim. Sci. 90:(Suppl. 2). Abstract 116. McClelland, K.M., J.P. Jaderborg, D.M. Paulus, J.M. Popowski, G.I. Crawford, A. DiCostanzo, and R.B. Cox. 2012. Effect of modified distillers grains with solubles and crude glycerin in finishing diets on fatty acid composition and oxidation of fresh beef. J. Anim. Sci. 90:(Suppl. 2). Abstract 242P. Paulus, D.M., J.M. Kelzer, M.V. Fossa, C. Belknap, G.I. Crawford, and A. DiCostanzo. 2012. Effect of inclusion of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product in beef cattle feedlot diets with two different sulfur concentrations on nutrient metabolism. J. Anim. Sci. 90:(Suppl. 2). Abstract 18. University of Nebraska Burken, D. B., J. L. Harding, T. C. Hoegemeyer, G. E. Erickson, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2012. Corn hybrid and plant density effects on corn silage quality and yield. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 3):461(Abstr.) Fernando, S. C., A. K. Watson, Y. A. Wanniarachchi, T. J. Klopfenstein, G. E. Erickson, J. L. Harding, A. L. Shreck, C. J. Johnson, and M. M. Klosterman, 2012. Microbial community shifts during anaerobic digestion of finishing cattle manure with and without distillers grains in the diet. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 3):337(Abstr.) Harding, J. L., C. J. Schneider, B. L. Nuttelman, T. J. Klopfenstein, and G. E. Erickson. 2012. Effects of spoilage of wet distillers grains plus solubles on performance of growing steers. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 2):43(Abstr.) Nichols, C. A., M. K. Luebbe, K. H. Jenkins, G. E. Erickson, S. A. Furman, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2012. Effect of corn processing on feedlot steers fed sugar beet pulp. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 2):11(Abstr.) Nuttelman, B. L., D. B. Burken, C. J. Schneider, G. E. Erickson, and T. J. Klopfenstein 2012. Comparing wet and dry distillers grains plus solubles for yearling finishing cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 3):711(Abstr.) Nuttelman, B. L., A. L. Shreck, J. L. Harding, G. E. Erickson, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2012. Comparing the digestibility of wet and dry distillers grains plus solubles in cattle finishing diets. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 3):713(Abstr.) Pesta, A. C., A. L. Shreck, T. J. Klopfenstein, and G. E. Erickson. 2012. Metabolism of finishing diets containing condensed distillers solubles and wet distillers grains plus solubles. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 2):42(Abstr.) Pesta, A. C., B. L. Nuttelman, W. A. Griffin, T. J. Klopfenstein, and G. E. Erickson. 2012. Feeding condensed distillers solubles in finishing diets containing modified distillers grains plus solubles or synergy. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 2):42(Abstr.) Sarturi, J. O., G. E. Erickson, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2012. Ruminal degradable sulfur and ADG in beef cattle finishing diets. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 2):127(Abstr.) Schneider, C. J., B. L. Nuttelman, K. M. Rolfe, W. A. Griffin, T. J. Klopfenstein, and G. E. Erickson. 2012. Use of a complete-feed diet (RAMP) in grain adaptation programs compared to traditional grain adaptation programs. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 2):80(Abstr.) Schneider, C. J., B. L. Nuttelman, D. B. Burken, T. J. Klopfenstein, and G. E. Erickson. 2012. Use of a complete-feed diet (RAMP) to rapidly transition cattle to a finishing diet. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 2):80(Abstr.) Schneider, C. J., M. K. Luebbe, K. H. Jenkins, S. A. Furman, G. E. Erickson, and T. J. Klopfenstein. 2012. Using beet pulp to adapt cattle to finishing diets compared to traditional grain adaptation with alfalfa hay. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 2):80(Abstr.) Schneider, C. J., A. L. Shreck, R. A. Stock, T. J. Klopfenstein, and G.E. Erickson. 2012. Effects of RAMP on feed intake and ruminal pH during adaptation to finishing diets. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 3):479(Abstr.) Schneider, C. J., B. L. Nuttelman, W. A. Griffin, D. B. Burken, R. A. Stock, T. J. Klopfenstein, and G. E. Erickson. 2012. Evaluation of a complete-feed (RAMP) receiving diet. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 3):478(Abstr.) Semler, M., C. Calkins, and G. Erickson. 2012. Nutrient differences of beef from different genotypes. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 2):100(Abstr.) Shreck, A. L., C. J. Schneider, B. L. Nuttelman, D. B. Burken, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, and M. J. Cecava. 2012. Performance by feedlot cattle fed varying proportions and amounts of lime treated crop residues and distillers grains as substitutes for corn grain. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 3):711(Abstr.) Shreck, A. L., J. L. Harding, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, and M. J. Cecava. 2012. Evaluation of rumen metabolism and digestibility when treated crop residues are fed in cattle finishing diets. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 3):712(Abstr.) Shreck, A. L., B. L. Nuttelman, W. A. Griffin, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfentein, and M. J. Cecava. 2012. Reducing particle size enhances chemical treatment in cattle finishing diets. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 2):14(Abstr.) Titlow, A. H., S. A. Furman, M. K. Luebbe, K. H. Jenkins, A. L. Shreck, and G. E. Erickson. 2012. Replacing steam-flaked corn or dry-rolled corn with condensed distillers solubles in feedlot finishing diets. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 2):42(Abstr.) Watson, A. K., T. K. Klopfenstein, L. W. Lomas, G. E. Erickson, and B. L. Nuttelman. 2012. Research results are dependent on accurate cattle weights. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 2):82(Abstr.) Watson, A. K., T. J. Klopfenstein, G. E. Erickson, S. C. Fernando, J. L. Harding, and A. L. Shreck. 2012. Anaerobic digestion of finishing cattle manure with and without distillers grains in the diet. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 2):81(Abstr.) Watson, A. K., G. E. Erickson, T. K. Klopfenstein, R. K. Koelsch, R. E. Massey, J. H. Harrison, and M. K. Luebbe. 2012. BFNMP$: A tool for estimating feedlot manure economics. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl 2):94(Abstr.) North Dakota State University Montanholi, Y. R., K. C. Swanson, R. Palme, G. Vander Voort, L. S. Haas, and S. P. Miller. 2012. Glucocorticoids as biomarkers for feed efficiency in cattle. Proceedings of the European Association of Animal Production 63rd Annual Meeting, page 184. Rahman, S., and K. C. Swanson. 2012. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from beef cattle pen surfaces in North Dakota. American Society of Agricultural Engineers Annual Meeting. Paper# 121338102. Prezotto, L. D., L. E. Camacho, C. O. Lemley, J. S. Caton, K. A. Vonnahme, M. Kapphahn, M. Van Emon, R. S. Goulart, R. D. Yunosova, T. J. Swanson, and K. C. Swanson. 2012. Effects of nutrient restriction in beef cows during early gestation on maternal and fetal small intestinal and hepatic mass and in vitro oxygen (O2) consumption. J. Anim. Sci. 90(Suppl. 3):50. Doscher, F. E., A. M. Meyer, M. J. Ellison, K. M. Cammack, and K. C. Swanson. 2012. The relationship between feed efficiency and pancreatic ±-amylase and trypsin activity in growing lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 90(Suppl. 3):370. Camacho, L. E., C. O. Lemley, K. C. Swanson, and K. A. Vonnahme. 2012. Maternal diet restriction in beef cows alters fetal cardiovascular hemodynamics and fetal placental development during early pregnancy. J. Anim. Sci. 90(Suppl. 3):151. Camacho, L. E., C. O. Lemley, T. J. Swanson, K. C. Swanson, and K. A. Vonnahme. 2012. Maternal diet restriction effects on fetal organ weights in beef cows during early pregnancy. J. Anim. Sci. 90(Suppl. 3):324. Reyaz, A., F. Yao, M. S. Sane, L. E. Camacho, C. O. Lemley, K. C. Swanson, S. T. ORourke, and K. A. Vonnahme. 2012. Nutrient restriction during early pregnancy alters cotyledon arterial vascular reactivity in response to bradykinin in beef cows. Proceedings ADSA, AMPA, ASAS, CSAS, WSASAS Joint Annual Meeting. J. Anim. Sci. 90(Suppl. 3):323. Wood, K. M., C. J. Fitzsimmons, S. P. Miller, B. W. McBride, and K. C. Swanson. 2012. The effect of limiting feed intake on concentration of proteins associated with energy balance in the pregnant beef cow. J. Anim. Sci. 90(Suppl. 3):679. Wood, K. M., C. J. Fitzsimmons, S. P. Miller, I. B. Mandell, B. W. McBride, and K. C. Swanson. 2012. The effect of limiting feed intake on visceral organ mass and performance in the pregnant beef cow. Proceedings ADSA, AMPA, ASAS, CSAS, WSASAS Joint Annual Meeting. J. Anim. Sci. 90(Suppl. 3):516-517. Awda, B. J., S. P. Miller, Y. R. Montanholi, G. Vander Voort, T. Caldwell, M. M. Buhr, and K. C. Swanson. 2012. The relationship between feed efficiency traits and fertility in young beef bulls. J. Anim. Sci. 90(Suppl. 3):372. Fitzsimmons, C., K. Wood, F. Paradis, B. McBride, S. Miller, I. Mandell, and K. Swanson. 2012. Maternal diet interactions with fetal sex in beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 90(Suppl. 3):51. Paradis, F.,Wood, K.M., Swanson. K.C., Mandell, I.B., Miller, S.P., McBride, B.W., and Fitzsimmons, C.J. 2012. The impact of maternal nutrition during pregnancy on fetal calf growth and muscle gene expression in beef cattle. International Congress on Animal Reproduction, July 29- Aug. 2, 2012. Vancouver, BC, Canada. Ab#2001. Wood, K.M., Kim, J.J., Fitzsimmons, C.J., Miller, S.P., McBride, B.W., and Swanson, K.C. 2012. Gene expression does not differ between proteins found to be associated with energy balance in pregnant beef cows fed either above or below maintenance energy requirements. Livestock Gentec: 3rd Annual Conference, Oct. 16 &17, 2012. Edmonton, Alberta. Abstract #20. Paradis, F.,Wood, K.M., Swanson. K.C., Mandell, I.B., Miller, S.P., McBride, B.W., and Fitzsimmons, C.J. 2012. The impact of maternal nutrition during pregnancy on fetal calf growth and muscle gene expression in beef cattle. International Congress on Animal Reproduction, July 29- Aug. 2, 2012. Vancouver, BC, Canada. Ab#2001. Abo-Ismail, M. K., G. Vander Voort, E. J. Squires, K. C. Swanson, J. Thomson, B. Karisa, G. Plastow, S. Moore, and S. P. Miller. 2012. Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms for feed efficiency and performance in crossbred beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 90(Suppl. 3):453. Swanson, K. C., A. M. Meyer, C. O. Lemley, J. S. Caton, and K. A. Vonnahme. 2012. Influence of nutrient restriction and melatonin supplementation of pregnant ewes on maternal and fetal pancreatic ±-amylase and trypsin activity. J. Anim. Sci 90(Suppl. 2):123. Meyer, A. M., K. C. Swanson, B. J. Awda, M. Kapphahn, R. D. Yunusova, L. E. Camacho, J. S. Caton, K. A. Vonnahme, and C. O. Lemley. 2012. Effects of nutrient restriction and melatonin supplementation during mid- to late gestation on ewe and fetal lamb small intestinal and hepatic in vitro oxygen (O2) consumption. J. Anim. Sci 90(Suppl. 2):70. Goulart, R. S., L. G. Nussio, K. Hongyu, A. V. Pires, J. L. P. Daniel, K. C. Swanson, and C. R. Dahlen. 2012. Effect of fiber source on ruminal mat consistency in diets for Nellore steers. J. Anim. 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The influence of feed intake on pancreatic lipase, ±-amylase, and trypsin activities in pregnant beef cows. J. Anim. Sci 90(Suppl. 2):122. Ohio State University Loerch, S. C., F. L. Fluharty, L. A. Morrow, S. A. Metzger, and T. L. Felix. 2012. Effects of dietary sulfur on ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentrations over time. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (suppl. 2): 44. Radunz, A. E., F. L. Fluharty, G. D. Lowe, and S. C. Loerch. 2012. Effects of protein intake in late gestation beef cows on progeny postnatal growth and carcass traits. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (suppl. 2): 122. Morrow, L. A., T. L. Felix, F. L. Fluharty, S. A. Metzger, and S. C. Loerch. 2012 Effects of hay supplementation in corn and dried distillers grains-based diets on performance and rumen metabolism in feedlot cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (suppl. 2): 123. Oklahoma State University Johnson, B.T., C.L. Maxwell, B.K. Wilson, J.J. Wagner, S.L. Roberts, B.W. Woolfolk, C.R. Krehbiel, and C.J. Richards. 2012. 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