Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Herb Bolton  NIFA Program Leader Lost 7-8% of NIFA staff during 2012. Mary Purcell Miramontes  AFRI Bob  RIPM projects Monte Johnson  PMAP, IR4 Sunny Ramaswamy  sworn in as NIFA director in May. Visit to President's Council for Science and Technology, developed a report that is now published (as well as Nature article). Made point that agricultural research has been underfunded for many years and productivity is showing the effects of this lack of attention. PCAST report indicates that investments must be increased. Need to manage new pests, pathogens, and invasive pests. Priorities of Office of Science and Technology includes agricultural research. Budget continuing resolution to March 22nd. Farm Bill is extended for 9 months. Taxpayer relief act only delays decisions until March. Did not fund several of the mandatory programs (e.g. OREI). Look at NIFA update for changes to RFAs: NIFA Fellowships Program RIPM Grants (Regional)  not out yet but within 1-2 months RIPM Centers have mini-grant and partnership grants Food Security RFA  open now? Maybe? Extension keeps this opportunity in mind to post materials that are suitable for extension. Rick Roeder  Administrative Advisor S-temp 2882 (6-8 months to get project through the system). Goal to have a new project by next January. Close to final draft in March. February 1  final version from objective leaders February 15  final version of the entire project. Look up page submission requirements - Gerry Review steps  Bullet points to identify prioritities of the group in the introduction. Consensus of the group. In talking with our stakeholders, these are the areas to be addressed. Tie this in with the 2003 IPM priorities. Just passed food security ready to eat vegetables, Proactive pest management plan. Implementation horizon is long (3-5 yrs), needs to be addressed in the next few years. Include some language in the introduction tieing the fly studies together.  Different fly species but each serve as potential mechanical vectors. Avenues for research and methods utilized are similar. Jettison the discussion of each specific fly species. Larval development sites are not well defined for many fly species of interest in this proposal. Efforts are needed to characterize larval development sites, including the microbiota and associated volatiles associated with preferred oviposition and larval development sites. Should I change names to states participating? Chair  Alec Gerry Vice Chair  Kristina Hale Secretary  Chris Geden

Objective 1: Characterize dispersal and population biology of stable flies and house flies and develop monitoring methods for use in indoor and outdoor environments. Subobjective 1: Characterize stable fly origins and dispersal a. Larval habitats of stable flies. A spatial analysis of biological (microbial respiration rate), chemical (pH, electrical conductivity [EC], total nitrogen [N] and carbon [C], ammoniacal nitrogen [NH4-N], extractable phosphorus [P]), and physical (depth, temperature, water content) properties of substrates associated with winter hay feeding sites was completed. Hay feeding sites had a circular footprint with residues extending H7 m from the feeder. With the exception of extractable P and total N, all substrate properties exhibited spatial patterns centered on the feeder location. Adult stable fly emergence densities were correlated with substrate microbial respiration rate, NH4-N concentration, EC, total C concentration, pH, and moisture content. Logistic regression indicated that all of those parameters were correlated with EC and that EC best predicted the probability of stable flies emerging from a substrate. The other properties did not provide additional information. Studies were initiated to assess temporal variation in microbial communities associated with winter hay feeding site substrates. b. Climatic factors affecting stable fly populations. Objective completed during the previous year. c. Dispersal of Stable Flies. A multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique to identify the blood meal source of stable flies that have fed on humans, horses, cattle and dogs has been further refined and results suggest that there is a relationship between adult reproductive capability and temporal detection limits of the assay. A series of studies was conducted to determine appropriate targets and target placement for achieving stable fly control with treated targets. An electric grid study was also conducted to compare the attraction of solid blue and solid black cloth targets to our standard blue/black target. Overall, the mean number of flies collected per hour for black and blue/black were not different. Electric grid studies were also used to determine if the height that targets were placed above ground influenced the number of flies collected, and found that targets need to be placed at ground level. The number of targets per acre that would be required to kill stable flies closely associated with cattle was assessed with optimal target density determined to be two targets per acre. A preliminary study to protect cattle from stable fly attack using treated targets was performed, and results showed that the number of flies per animal and the number of stomps per group were lower for herds with treated targets. d. Overwintering dynamics of stable fly throughout the USA. Objective completed during the previous year. Subobjective 2: Improve understanding of house fly dispersal and behavior, and develop methods for monitoring them in indoor and outdoor environments. a. Trapping and Monitoring Methods. FlySpotter software developed to count fly spots on white index cards has been upgraded with new reporting and graphing features to improve user acceptance. The software has been copyrighted by the University of California at Riverside, and we are currently looking for a commercial partner to sell this software. Additional testing of the accuracy and user acceptance of this software has been ongoing, and will continue into 2013. During the 2011 season in Washington State, face fly and horn fly abundance were monitored with digital photography in six cow-calf herds to determine the efficacy of commercially available ear tags against these fly species. Counting face flies on cattle face photos proved to be easier and less time-consuming than counting horn flies on side views of cattle. Adjustments to settings on the camera (e.g., increased resolution and aperture priority options) helped to mitigate the poor light conditions during the late morning photo shoots. Terminator traps were placed at three dairies in north central Florida to evaluate trap performance against house flies when deployed individually and in groups of two or three. Although fly means compared favorable between individual traps and groups of traps, means among groups of traps were significantly different. This demonstrates the problems associated with trap placement even within relatively small areas. Additional testing will be done to determine if trap placement can be improved by relating it to an index of flies recoded at the time the traps are set. b. Dispersal and Behavior. Completed second year of a multi-year study to evaluate the possibilities that pasture location has a bearing on pasture fly populations. During 2011, two new pasture sites were added due to flooding issues at two of our 2010 study sites. Data from 2011 study is waiting analysis. A demonstration of the air curtain system for preventing flies and mosquitoes from entering commercial aircraft was conducted at the Accra (Ghana) International Airport in cooperation with Delta Airlines and the US Department of Transportation. The positive aspects of the demonstration were that the air curtain system could be installed on the truck-mounted stairs used at many airports and the net doors could be easily mounted on the doors used by catering and cleaning crews. An unexpected negative aspect was that the electrical systems on the truck-mounted stairs were not designed to handle the extra power required to operate the air curtain units. Auxiliary generators have been purchased and are being installed on the trucks to provide supplemental electrical power. An eight week study was performed to evaluate the movement of flies among facilities on a diversified farm housing dairy cattle, swine and beef cattle. The distance from the dairy to the swine facility was about 700m, and the distance from the swine unit to the beef facility was 500m. Fly traps equipped with house fly pheromone lures were placed at each location. One additional fly trap was placed half the distance between the dairy and swine unit and another half way to the beef unit. Laboratory reared house flies, 1000 each, were marked with day glow colored powders, green (dairy), orange (swine), pink (beef). Marked flies were released weekly at designated locations. Collections were made 24 and 72 hours post-release. About 1-2% of the released flies were captured in the traps. The trap at the beef facility recovered the most marked house flies, although the dairy produced the most unmarked flies. Fly movement from the beef to the swine unit was evident, few flies moved from the swine unit to the beef unit. No flies moved from the dairy to the swine or beef units. Objective 2: Establish extent of fly-borne dispersal of human and animal pathogens a. Human Pathogens. See section 2b below. b. Animal Pathogens. Enterococcus faecalis is an important nosocomial pathogen and house flies have been implicated in the dissemination of this bacterium. In this study, GFP-expressing E. faecalisOG1RF:pMV158 was used to track the fate of the bacterium in the digestive tract of the house fly, Musca domestica (L.) to assess the vector potential of this insect for E. faecalis. Colony forming unit (CFU) counts were obtained from viable fluorescing E. faecalis recovered from mouthparts and digestive tract regions (labelum, foregut, midgut, and hindgut) at 1, 4, 8, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after the bacterial exposure. Bacterial counts were signicantly highest in the midgut at 1 h and 4 h and declined during the first 24 h. In the labelum, E. faecalis concentrations were low within the first 24 h and then greatly increased. Bacterial counts and direct observations of the digestive tract under a dissecting microscope with ultra violet light revealed that E. faecalis peaked in the crop after 48 h and remained high until the end of the experiment. Concentrations of E. faecalis in the hindgut were low when compared with other parts of the digestive tract. Microscopy and CFU counts suggest that E. faecalis was digested in the midgut but proliferated in the crop. Both drinking water and feed (flaked corn) sampled at the end of the assay (96 h) were contaminated by fluorescing E. faecalis, demonstrating that the flies disseminated E. faecalis. Our data support the notion that house flies can act as a bioenhanced vector for bacteria. Objective 3. Improve management tactics for stable flies and house flies. a. Biological Control. The seasonality and abundance of pteromalid parasitoids have been documented on Florida equine facilities. Parasitoids from the genus Spalangia were abundant, with negligible other species recovered from naturally-occurring fly pupae. The impact from this research indicates that equine owners should only release parasitoids from this genus, avoiding species that do not do well in Florida conditions. b. Chemical control. The University of Florida submitted a patent for a novel trapping technology which attracts and kills house flies when combined with a toxic fly spot bait. The device is now available commercially as the Florida-Fly Baiter. In 2011 field trials were initiated in Greece to optimize the usage of the commercial version of the product in the field at various conditions. Small scale field trials were conducted to test the efficacy of the house fly killing device with Maxforce bait to control house fly populations in a heavily infested environment (i.e. open animal facilities) and an environment of a low/medium infestation (i.e. household or restaurant facilities in proximity to animal facilities). Initial data indicated excellent performance of the traps in reducing house fly populations in residential areas in proximity to animal facilities. However, efficacy was significantly reduced when traps were deployed within animal facilities. Ear tag efficacy trials were performed from June to October 2011 in Washington State, using one control herd and five treated herds. While up to three months of control for horn flies was achieved with all three tested ear tags, the same ear tag treatments showed much lower efficacy against face flies. Field-collected horn flies and face flies were evaluated for insecticide resistance against synergized zeta-cypermethrin, synergized abamectin, and diazinon, using a petri dish/filter paper assay. In horn fly, a low level of resistance was found for synergized zeta-cypermethrin, while a moderate level of resistance was found for diazinon. No resistance factors could be calculated for face fly because there are no published LC50s for susceptible face fly populations. Based on the LC50s determined for face fly, levels of resistance are presumed similar to what was found for the local horn fly populations. While synergized abamectin was efficacious against horn fly (LC50=6.12 µg/cm2), no mortality was seen for face flies even at the highest concentration tested (100 µg/cm2). No resistance was detected for synergized abamectin for either fly species. An essential oil, lemongrass (water-based formulation) was evaluated as a knockdown and as a vapor against stable flies. Studies indicated that a water-based formulation provided significantly less mortality than an oil-based formulation. Completed a final year investigating the effects of plant essential oils on stable fly electrophysiology and behavioral repellency; also examined essential oils as toxicants. The morphology of antennal sensilla thought to be involved in stable fly detection of essential oils was described. Four different insecticide ear tags from the Y-TEX Corporation were evaluated against horn flies, face flies, and stable flies. Results from this study indicated that the XP-820 insecticide ear tag continues to provide the greatest degree of efficacy against horn fly numbers. Initiated a two year study with Bayer Animal Health to evaluate the impact of "Corathon" insecticide ear tags on pasture fly control and evaluate that added effect of fly control on calf and stocker weight gains. Preliminary work was initiated to design and evaluate a stable fly leg patch for the control of stable fly numbers on pastured cattle. Initial studies focused on patch size, shape and adherence properties. The year of stable fly management trials was completed in November, 2011, at the Washington National Zoo. Blue-black cloth targets impregnated with 1% deltamethrin were used intermittently to effect a short-term reduction in populations. Data are still being analyzed. Many stable flies were captured with the parasitic mite, Trichotrombidium muscarum, attached, thus indicating they had originated from semi-permanent habitats. No fly breeding sites have been found at the zoo grounds. Management trials will continue in 2012. Designed studies to manage stables flies, tsetse flies and tabanids around swine and dairy zero grazing units and visited study sites in Ghana, Kenya and Uganda for Vestergaard-Frandsen, Lausanne, Switzerland. Studies are in various stages of initiation and will be conducted through the next reporting period. The efficacy of a granular formulation of cyromazine (Neporex 2SG) to control immature stable flies developing in winter hay feeding sites was assessed. A single application of granular cyromazine in May provided 97% reduction in the number of adult stable flies emerging from sites. Stable fly control did not decline during the 12 wk season. A small decline in control was observed relative to anthomyiid, sarcophagid, and syrphid flies developing in the sites. However, none of those flies are considered to be pests and e 50% control of those flies was maintained for 65 d after application. Experiments were conducted to determine if the monoterpene geraniol was an effective contact repellent or spatial repellent for house flies and stable flies in a Petri dish bioassay. Geraniol in water was applied to one half of a filter paper with 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4% solution. The opposing half of the filter paper was untreated. House and stable fly activity was restricted to the untreated portion of the filter paper. House flies were sensitive to 2 and 3% geraniol while stable flies were most sensitive to 1 and 2% geraniol. House flies and stable flies exposed to 4% and 3% geraniol were anesthetized, respectively. House flies (50%) became anesthetized after 160 minutes and 50% of the exposed stable flies were knocked down in 54 minutes. In a second choice experiment, female flies were allowed to select for oviposition substrates treated with or without geraniol at concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4%. Flies were deterred from ovipositing on substrates treated with 4% geraniol. c. Insecticide Resistance Management. Objective completed during the previous year.

Research Publications: Ahmad, A., A. Ghosh, C. Schal, and L. Zurek. 2011. Insects in confined swine operations carry a large antibiotic resistant and potentially virulent enterococcal community. BMC Microbiology 11:23. Anderson, K. L., R. Lyman, K. Moury, D. Ray, W. Watson, and M.T. Correa. In Review. Molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis in dairy heifers. J. Dairy Science. Diclaro, II J.W., L.W. Cohnstaedt, R.M. Pereira, S.A. Allan, and P.G. Koehler. 2012. Behavioral and physiological response of Musca domestica to colored visual targets. Journal of Medical Entomology. Vol. 49: p. 94-100. Diclaro, J.W., J.C. Hertz, R.M. Welch, P.G. Koehler, and R.M. Pereira. 2011. Integration of fly baits, traps, and cords to kill house flies (Diptera: Muscidae) and reduce annoyance. Journal of Entomological Science (in press). Doud, C.W., and L. Zurek. 2012. Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF:pMV158 survives and proliferates in the house fly digestive tract. Journal of Medical Entomology 9:15-155. Doyle, M. S., B.N. Swope, J.A. Hogsette, H.M. Savage and R.S. Nasci. 2011. Vector competence of the stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae) for West Nile virus. J. Med. Entomol. 48: 656-668. Gerry, A. C., G. Higginbotham, L. Pereira, A. Lam, and C. Shelton. 2011. Evaluation of Surveillance Methods for Monitoring House Fly Abundance and Activity on Large Commercial Dairy Operations. Journal of Economic Entomology. Vol. 104: 3 p.1093-1102. Hertz, J.C., R.M. Pereira, P.G. Koehler, 2011. House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) resting preference on various cords and potential of fipronil- or indoxacarb- impregnation on cords for fly control. Journal of Entomological Science. Vol. 46: p. 325-334. Hogsette, J. A., R. Urech, P. E. Green, A. G. Skerman, M. M. Elson-Harris, R. L. Bright, and G. W. Brown. 2012. Nuisance flies on Australian cattle feedlots: Immature populations. Med. Vet. Entomol. 26: 46-55. Mohr, R., B. A. Mullens, and A. C. Gerry. 2011. Diel Patterns of Female Host-Seeking, Male Swarming, and Sugar Feeding in the Canyon Fly, Fannia conspicua (Diptera: Muscidae) in Southern California. Journal of Medical Entomology. Vol. 48: p.188-195. Mohr, R., B. A. Mullens, and A. C. Gerry. 2011. Evaluation of ammonia, human sweat, and bovine blood as attractants for the female canyon fly, Fannia conspicua (Diptera: Muscidae), in southern California. Journal of Vector Ecology. Vol. 36: 1 p.55-58. Müller, G. C., J. A. Hogsette, V. D. Kravchenko, E. E. Revay and Y. Schlein. 2011. New records and ecological remarks regarding the tribe Stomoxyini (Diptera: Muscidae) from Israel. J. Vector Ecol. 36: 468-470. Müller, G. C., J. A. Hogsette, E. E. Revay ,V. D. Kravchenko and Y. Schlein. 2011. New records for the horse fly fauna (Diptera: Tabanidae) of Jordan with remarks on ecology and zoogeography. J. Vector Ecol. 36: 447-450. Müller, G., J. A. Hogsette, J. C. Beier, S. F. Traore, M. B. Toure, M. M. Traore, S. Bah, S. Doumbia, Y. Schlein.. 2012. Attraction of Stomoxys sp. to various flowers and fruits in Mali. Med. Vet. Entomol. 26: DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2011.01001.x. Olafson, P.U., S. E. Dowd, and K.H. Lohmeyer. 2010. Analysis of expressed sequence tags from a significant livestock pest, the stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans), identified transcripts with a putative role in chemosensation and sex determination. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology. Vol. 74: p. 179-204. Olafson, P.U., J.B. Pitzer, and P.E. Kaufman. 2011. Identification of a mutation associated with permethrin resistance in the para-type sodium channel of the stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae). Journal of Economic Entomology. Vol 104:1 p. 250-257. Parks, C., R. Lyman, W. Watson, and K. Anderson. (In Review). Evaluation of the stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans (L.)) as a potential vector of Staphylococcus aureus in bovine mastitis. J. Dairy Science. Pitzer, J.B., P.E. Kaufman, C.J. Geden, and J.A. Hogsette. 2011. The ability of selected pupal parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) to locate stable fly hosts in a soiled equine bedding substrate. Environmental Entomology 40: 88-93. Pitzer, J.B., P.E. Kaufman, J.A. Hogsette, C.J. Geden, and S.H. TenBroeck. 2011. Seasonal abundance of stable flies and filth fly pupal parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) at Florida equine facilities. Journal of Economic Entomology 104: 1108-1115. Pitzer, J.B., P.E. Kaufman, S.H. TenBroeck, and J.E. Maruniak. 2011. Host blood meal identification by multiplex polymerase chain reaction for dispersal evidence of stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae) between livestock facilities. Journal of Medical Entomology. 48: 53-60. Rochon, K, R. B. Baker, G. W. Almond and D. W. Watson. 2011. Assessment of Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) as a Vector of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus. J. Med. Entomol. 48: 876-883. Schole, L.A., D.B. Taylor, and D.R. Brink. 2011. Response of growing calves to stable flies. The Professional Animal Scientist 27: 133-140. Tangtrakulwanich, K., H. Chen, F. Baxendale, G. Brewer, and J. J. Zhu. 2011. Characterization of olfactory sensilla of Stomoxys calcitrans and electrophysiological responses to odorant compounds associated with hosts and oviposition media. Med. Vet. Entomol. 25 (3): 327336. Taylor, D.B., and D. R. Berkebile. 2011. Phenology of Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Larvae in Round Bale Hay Feeding Sites in Eastern Nebraska. Environ. Entomol. 40: 184-193. Taylor, D.B., R.D. Moon, and D.R. Mark. 2012. Economic Impact of Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) on Cattle Production. J. Med. Entomol. 49: 198-209. Urech, R., R. L. Bright, P. E. Green, G. W. Brown, J. A. Hogsette, A. G. Skerman, M. M. Elson-Harris, D. G. Mayer. 2012. Temporal and spatial trends in adult nuisance fly populations on Australian cattle feedlots. Australian J. Entomol. (Accepted 13 October 2011). (in press) Zhu, J., D. Berkebile, C. Dunlap, A. Zhang, D. Boxler, K. Tangtrakulwanich, R. Behle, F. Baxendale, G. Brewer. 2011. Nepetalactones from essential oil of Nepeta cataria represent a stable fly feeding and ovipositional repellent. Med. Vet. Entomol. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2011.00972.x. Zhu, J., A. Y. Li, S. Pritchard, K. Tangtrakulwanich, F. P. Baxendale, and G. Brewer. 2011. Contact and fumigant toxicity of a botanical-based feeding deterrent of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae). J. Agric. Food Chem. 59 (18): 10394-10400. Zhu, J. 2011. Contact and spatial repellency from catnip essential, Nepeta cataria, against stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, and other filth flies, pp 79-96. in Recent Developments in Invertebrate Repellents (eds. Coats and Paluch). Am. Chem. Soc., Vol. 1090 (Peer-Reviewed Book Chapter). Extension Publications: Anderson, M., and P.E. Kaufman. 2011. Common green bottle fly, sheep blow fly, Lucillia sericata (Meigen) (Insecta: Diptera: Calliphoridae). Featured Creatures. 4 pp. EENY-406. http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures/livestock/flies/lucilia_sericata.htm Boxler, D. J. 2011. Do You Have an Effective Fly Control Program In Place. Tri-State Livestock News. Boxler, D. J. 2011. Revision of Nebraska Management Guide for Arthropod Pests of Livestock and Horses  EC1550. Diaz, L.A., and P.E. Kaufman. 2011. A flesh fly, Sarcophaga crassipalpis Marquart (Insecta: Diptera: Sarcophagidae). Featured Creatures. 6 pp. EENY-503. http://entnemdept.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures/misc/flies/sarcophaga_crassipalpis.htm Ferguson, H. J. 2011. Livestock: Beef cattle pests. Revised section for 2012 Pacific Northwest Insect Management Handbook, (http://uspest.org/pnw/insects (also available in hard-copy). Fitzpatrick, D. and P.E. Kaufman. 2011. Horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans (Linnaeus) Insecta: Diptera: Muscidae). Featured Creatures. 7 pp. EENY-490 (IN885) http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in885 Hinkle, N.C. 2011. Animals: Fly Control in Livestock Facilities. 2011 Georgia Pest Management Handbook, pp. 728-729. Hinkle, N.C. 2011. Beef Cattle External Parasite and Grub Control. 2011 Georgia Pest Management Handbook, pp. 730-744. Hinkle, N.C. 2011. Dairy Cattle External Parasite and Cattle Grub Control. 2011 Georgia Pest Management Handbook, pp. 745-758. Hinkle, N.C. 2011. Cattle Ear Tags. 2011 Georgia Pest Management Handbook, p. 759. Hinkle, N.C. 2011. Fly Control in Horse Facilities. 2011 Georgia Pest Management Handbook, pp. 766-767. Hinkle, N.C. 2011. Poultry  Fly Control. 2011 Georgia Pest Management Handbook, pp. 770-772. Kaufman, P.E. 2011. Where Are All of those Flies Coming From? The Answer May Surprise You. Proceedings of the Florida Equine Institute & Allied Trade Show. Ocala, FL. 09/15/2011. Kaufman, P.E. 2011. University of Florida Veterinary Entomology program web site: http://entnemdept.ifas.ufl.edu/kaufman/vetentlab/ Kaufman, P.E., P.G. Koehler, and J.F. Butler. 2011. External Parasites on Beef Cattle. Gainesville, FL: IFAS Communications. 24 pp. DLN: IG130 (Revised). http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/document_ig130 Loftin, K.M. 2011. Animal Insect Control and Pasture Chapters of the 2011 Insecticide Recommendations for Arkansas (MP 144), Glenn Studebaker (editor), 23 pp. Loftin, K.M. and R.F. Corder. 2011. Arthropod Pests of Equines (MP 484). University of Arkansas Div. of Ag. Coop. Ext. Service Pub. MP484-PD-6-10N, 14 pages. Loftin, K.M. and R.F Corder. 2011. Controlling Horn Flies on Cattle (FSA 7031). University of Arkansas Div. of Ag. Coop. Ext. Service Pub. FSA 7031 PD 12-09RV. 6 pp. Machtinger, E. and P.E. Kaufman. 2011. Eye gnats, grass flies, eye flies, fruit flies, Liohippelates spp. (Insecta: Diptera: Chloropidae). 6 pp. EENY-485 (IN485). http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in884. Sowerby, M. E. and J. A. Hogsette. 2011. Effectiveness of fly traps and baits at three primary fly sites on Florida dairy farms. J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 89, E-Suppl. 1/J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 94, E-Suppl. 1: 733. Sowerby, M.E. and J.A. Hogsette. 2011. Strategies for Converting Dairy Farms into Low (House) fly Zones. Proceedings of the 25th Southeast Dairy Herd Management Conference, Macon, GA (November 2, 2011), pp. 77-81. Presentations: Boxler, D. J. Rangeland Fly Control Strategies. University of Nebraska Ranching for Profitabiltiy  Educational Programs. Febraury-March 2011. Five Programs. Boxler, D. J. The Significance of a Pasture Fly Control Program. University of Nebraska, Barta Brothers Ranch Field Day. June 28, 2011. Boxler, D. J. The Importance of a Pasture Fly Control Program. University of Nebraska, Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory Open House. August 24, 2011. Boxler, D. J. Fly Control Strategies in Feedlots, Dairies, and Pastures. University of Nebraska, Cropping System Practicum. June 23, 2011. Broce, A. B., J. A. Hogsette (presenter) and J. S. Drouillard. Overwintering of stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans L., populations in the Midwest USA. Livestock Insects Workers Conference, in conjunction with the AAVP and ISEP, July 16-19, St Louis, MO. Corder, R.F., and K.M. Loftin. Evaluation of the essential oil, geraniol, as a horn fly repellent on cattle. Arkansas Entomological Society Annual Meeting. Little Rock, AR. Presented on 10/14/2011. Ferguson, H. J. Integrated pest management for beef cattle. Controlling pests in alfalfa. Central Klickitat Conservation District Annual Meeting. Feb. 17, 2011. Centerville, WA. Ferguson, H. J. Integrated pest management for beef cattle. Benton County Cattlemens Association monthly meeting. April 12, 2011. Prosser, WA. Gerry, A. C. Monitoring house fly activity on commercial dairy operations: the start of a dairy IPM program. Annual Meeting. Pacific Branch of the Entomological Society of America. Waikoloa, HI. Presented on 03/2011. Gerry, A. C. Management of flies associated with food preparation areas. Integrated Pest Management for School Facilities. CA Department of Pesticide Regulation. Norwalk, CA. Presented on 10/2011. Gerry, A. C. Management of Urban Flies. MVCAC Seminar Series. Mosquito and Vector Control Association of California. San Leandro, CA. Presented on 11/2011. Guisewite, L. M., S. S. Denning, and D. W. Watson. 2011. Susceptibility of vinegar flies, Drosophila repleta, to two strains of Beauveria bassiana isolated from house flies. Entomological Society of America. 59th Annual Meeting, Reno, Nevada. Hinkle, Nancy C. 2011. Flies: Biology and Control. Winter School, University of Georgia, Athens, GA (via Wimba), January 5, 2011. Hinkle, Nancy C. 2011. Poultry Ectoparasites and Pests. Georgia International Poultry Conference, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, February 1, 2011. Hinkle, Nancy C. 2011. Pastured Cattle: External Parasites. Southwest Georgia Master Cattlemens Program, Blakely, GA, February 7, 2011. Hinkle, Nancy C. 2011. Flies and External Parasites of Cattle. Franklin County Cattlemens Association, Carnesville, GA, February 14, 2011. Hinkle, Nancy C. 2011. Basic Insect Management. Georgia National Guard Training, University of Georgia, Athens, February 15, 2011. Hinkle, Nancy C. 2011. Insect Management on Small Ruminants. Georgia National Guard Training, University of Georgia, Athens, February 15, 2011. Hinkle, Nancy C. 2011. Poultry Pest Management. Georgia National Guard Training, University of Georgia, Athens, February 16, 2011. Hinkle, Nancy C. 2011. Fly Control on Cattle and Horses. Hart County Cattlemens Association, Hartwell, GA, April 14, 2011. Hinkle, Nancy C. 2011. External Parasites. 2011 Northeast Georgia Master Cattlemens Program, Madison, GA, September 6, 2011. Hinkle, Nancy C. 2011. Fly Control on Georgia Cattle. Coffee County Cattlemen, Douglas, GA, November 29, 2011. Hinkle, Nancy C. 2011. Poultry Pest Control: Mites, Flies and Darkling Beetles. Coffee County Poultry Producers, Douglas, GA, November 29, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. Midges and Gnats  Some Bite and Some Dont (1 hr lecture). 73rd Annual Purdue Pest Management Conference, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, Jan 9-11, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. Behavior and Management of Pest Flies (1 hr lecture). North Carolina Pest Management Association, PCT School, North Raleigh/Midtown Hilton, Raleigh, NC, Jan 18-19, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. Co-taught [with Dan Kline (Culicoides) and Jim Cilek (Tabanids)] the stable fly portion of the course Biting Flies at the Dodd Short Course, Ocala Hilton, Ocala, FL, Jan 27, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. Biology and Management of House Flies and Bottle Flies (1 hr lecture). McCloud Pest Invasion, Pest Seminar for the Food Industry, Stonegate Conference Center, Hoffman Estates IL, Mar 15, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. A Summary of the USDA Mosquito and Fly Research Unit Research Program. Southeast Branch, Entomological Society of America, San Juan, Puerto Rico, March 19-22, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. House flies: Specific traps for specific locations on farms. 8th Arbovirus Surveillance and Mosquito Control Workshop, Anastasia Island Mosquito Control District, St. Augustine, FL, March 29-31, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. Management of Nuisance Flies (1 hr lecture). Wal-Mart Corporate headquarters, Bentonville, AR, Sept 6-7, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. Biology, Ecology and Management of the Stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (1 hr seminar). National Livestock Resources Research Institute, Tororo, Uganda, Sept 22, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. Management of house flies (Musca domestica) on dairies by strategic placement of traps. Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting, Reno, Nevada, November 13-16, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. Management of house flies (Musca domestica) on dairies by strategic placement of traps. Deployed War Fighter Program Review, Beltsville, MD, November 26-December 2, 2011. Kaufman, P.E. 2011. Using Traditional Techniques and Modern Tools to Answer Rural:Rural and Rural:Urban Interface Questions in Medical and Veterinary Entomology. Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA. Kaufman, P.E. 2011. Dermatological reactions to insect bites and associated diseases. Dermatology Grand Rounds at Shands Medical Plaza, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Kaufman, P.E. 2011. Applied Management of Fly Control. Florida Beef Cattle Short Course. Gainesville, FL. Kaufman, P.E., R.S. Mann, and J.F. Butler. 2011. Performance of novel semiochemicals in the control of veterinary pests. Joint meeting of the American Association of Veterinary Parasitologists, the Livestock Insect Workers Conference and the International Symposium on Ectoparasites of Pets, St. Louis, MO. Kaufman, P.E., R.S. Mann, and J.F. Butler. 2011. Insecticidal activity of novel compounds against pests of medical and veterinary importance. Annual Meeting of the Entomological Society of America, Reno, NV. Koehler, P.G. and J.W. Diclaro. Development of a novel fly control device. Arbovirus Conference, St. Augustine, FL. Presented on 03/2011. Loftin, K.M. Controlling pasture flies on cattle. Calhoun County Cattlemens Association  Annual Meeting, Hampton, AR. Presented on 10/ 3/2011. Loftin, K.M. External Parasites of Cattle. Four-States Agriculture Expo, Texarkana. Arkansas. Presented on 2/10/2011. Loftin, K.M. Managing Arthropod Pests of Beef and Dairy Cattle. Beef IQ Short Course. Southwest Research and Extension Center, Hope, AR. Presented on 5/16/2011. Moon, R., D. Berkebile, H. Ferguson, P. Tobin, L. Zurek, G. Johnson, S. Butler, N. Hinkle, and others. 2011. Winter debris-cleanup deadlines based on a ground-truthed degree-day model. 55th Annual Livestock Insect Workers Conference. July 16-19. St. Louis, MO. Moon, R., D. Berkebile, H. Ferguson, P. Tobin, L. Zurek, G. Johnson, S. Butler, and N. Hinkle. 2011. Phenology of spring emergence by first generation stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) in North America. Poster at national ESA annual meeting. Nov. 13-16. Reno, NV. Mullens, B. A. and A. C. Gerry. The Remarkable Canyon Fly. Annual Conference. American Mosquito Control Association. Anaheim, CA. Presented on 03/2011. Olafson, P.U., J.B. Pitzer, and P.E. Kaufman. 2009. Selecting for pyrethroid resistance in the stable fly: Screening the stable fly sodium channel coding sequence for mutations that associate with permethrin non-susceptibility. Annual Meeting of the Entomological Society of America, presented on 12/2009. Olafson, P.U., J.B. Pitzer, and P.E. Kaufman. 2010. Identification of a mutation associated with permethrin resistance in the para-type sodium channel of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans. Annual Livestock Insects Workers Conference, presented on 6/2010. Olafson, P.U., S. Liu, A.Y. Li, and S.E. Dowd. 2010. Insight into stable fly larvae: Salivary gland-specific polypeptides and evidence for genes that may have a role in the stable fly innate immune system. Annual Meeting of the Entomological Society of America, presented on 11/2010. Scott, J. G. 2011. Molecular mechanisms of pesticide resistance in insects. Advances in the knowledge of parasite resistance of ruminant hosts and parasites, Embrapa, San Carlos, Brazil. Scott, J. G. 2011. Have high resolution molecular analyses offered new insights into the evolution of insecticide resistance? Plenary Lecture, AAVP-LIWC-ISEP Joint Conference, St. Louis, MO. Scott, J. G. 2011. Unraveling the mystery of spinosad resistance in insects. University of Florida, Department of Entomology, Gainesville, FL. Starcevich, J., R. Moon, B. Clymer, H. Chester-Jones and D. Ziegler. Choice of bedding material affects production of pestiferous stable flies and house flies in replacement heifer housing. 21st Annual (MOSES) Organic Farming Conference, 25-27 February, 2011, LaCrosse, WI. Starcevich, J. and R. Moon. Filth flies and associated beneficial wasps on organic dairy farms in east-central Minnesota and west-central Wisconsin. 21st Annual (MOSES) Organic Farming Conference, 25-27 February, 2011, LaCrosse, WI. Starcevich, J., R. Moon, B. Clymer, H. Chester-Jones and D. Ziegler. Filth fly production and parasitism in heifer rearing pens bedded with straw, hardwood sawdust, or pine shavings. 66th Annual Meeting, North Central Branch, Entomological Society of America. March, 2011, Minneapolis, MN. Taylor, D. B., K. Hale, and K. Sievert. Efficacy of cyromazine for the control of immature stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans) developing in winter hay feeding sites. Poster. Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting, Reno, NV; November 2011. Waldron, K. and D. A. Rutz. Flies on Pastured Cattle: Whats the buzz? Northeast Organic Farm Association Annual Conf.. Saratoga, NY. Presented 1/2011. Waldron, K. and D. A. Rutz. Flies on Pastured Cattle? What's the Buzz? Farming for the Future Conference  Pennsylvania Association for Sustainable Agriculture. State College, PA. Presented 2/2011. Waldron, K. and D. A. Rutz. Dairy Cattle Pasture Fly IPM. Washington County, Greenwich, NY. Presented 7/2011. Waldron, K. and D. A. Rutz. NY Livestock IPM Update. 2011 AAV, ISEP and National Meeting Livestock Insect Workers Conf. St. Louis, MO. Presented 7/2011. Waldron, K. and D. A. Rutz. Pasture Fly IPM eOrganic Webinar. National. Presented 7/2011. Waldron, K. and K. Wise. Dairy Cattle Pasture Fly IPM. Clinton County, Pavilion, NY. Presented 7/2011. Waldron, K. and K. Wise. Dairy Cattle Pasture Fly IPM. Essex County, Port Henry, NY. Presented 7/20111. Waldron, K. and K. Wise. Pasture Fly IPM Field Day. Pavilion, NY. Presented 7/2011. Waldron, K. and K. Wise. Pasture Fly IPM Field Day. Chester, NY. Presented 7/2011. Waldron, K. and K. Wise. Dairy Cattle Pasture Fly IPM. Columbia County, Valatie, NY. Presented 8/2011. Waldron, K. and K. Wise. Dairy Cattle Pasture Fly IPM. Dutchess County, Millbrook, NY. Presented 8/2011. Waldron, K. and K. Wise. Dairy Cattle Fly IPM. N. Haverhill, NH. Presented 8/2011. Watson, D.W. 2011. Integrated Pest Management in Livestock Systems. Louis Jackai, NC A&T., April 5, 2011. Watson, D. W. 2011. Fly and Darkling Beetle Management. Poultry Supervisors Short Course. Monroe, NC. April 14, 2011 Watson, D. W. 2011. Pest management for pastured cattle. June 23-24. Orangeburg Cattlemans Assoc. Orangeburg, SC. Watson, D. W. 2011. Pasture Fly Management, NCSU Agent Training Program, An. Sci. May 18, 2011. Watson, D. W. 2011. Fly management in Organic Dairy Systems. Illuminate Discussion, eOrganic. J. K. Waldron and D. A. Rutz. Hosted by Cornell University. July 6, 2011. Zhu, J. J. DWFP prospectus on fly research. DWFP-5th Annual Review. Gainesville, presented on Dec. 2008. Zhu, J. J. Push-Pull strategy for stable fly control. 52nd Livestock Insect Workers Conference, Kansas City, presented on June, 2008. Zhu, J. J. Novel technology development for stable fly management. Pfizer Animal Health, Kalamazoo, presented on May, 2009. Zhu, J. J. New Advances in stable fly chemical ecology and its potential in practical control, ESA Meeting, Indianapolis, presented on Dec, 2009. Zhu, J. J. Novel approaches for integrated fly management. Kansas State University, Manhattan, presented on Feb, 2010. Zhu, J. J. Progresses in research for stable fly control via Push-Pull strategy, ESA Meeting, San Diego, presented on Dec, 2010. Zhu, J. J. Infochemical interactions between microbial community and pest flies: Oviposition Selection, APACE Annual Meeting, Beijing, China, presented on Oct, 2011. Other Extension: Coats, J., G.E. Schultz, and J. Zhu. 2011. Biorational repellents obtained from terpenoids for use against arthropods. (US Patent Number: 7,939,091). Hinkle, Nancy C. Fly Control on Cattle, interviewed by Eddie McGriff, Coffee County, GA, Extension Coordinator, for On the Farm radio program Nov. 30, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. Regional Science Fair Judge, Middle School and High School Zoology Projects, Santa Fe College, Gainesville, FL, Jan 28, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. Manned USDA Entomology booth at the Florida State Fair, Tampa, Feb 11, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. Interviewed by Brittany Risher, Associate Editor, Women's Health Magazine, about house fly pathogen transmission when flies land on food, March 2, and 7, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. State Science Fair Judge, Middle School and High School Zoology Projects, Orlando Convention Center, Orlando, FL, Mar 24, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. Attended Armed Forces Pest Management Board Meeting to consult with the Equipment Committee on traps for fly management and projects being conducted cooperatively with military personnel. Silver Spring, MD, April 4-7, 2011. Hogsette, J. A. Attended Armed Forces Pest Management Board Meeting to consult with the Equipment Committee on traps for fly management and projects being conducted cooperatively with military personnel. Silver Spring, MD, November 1-3, 2011. Loftin K.M. and R.F. Corder. 2011. Fly IPM on Dairies (FY 11, on-line Moodle training course). University of Arkansas, Div. of Ag. Coop. Ext. Service. Little Rock, AR Loftin, K.M. and R.F. Corder. 2011. Insect Pests of Livestock portion of Animal Science Core Training (FY 11, on-line Moodle and field training course). University of Arkansas, Div. of Ag. Coop. Ext. Service. Little Rock, AR. Moon, R. D. 2011. Manure management to prevent fly infestations. Minnesota Horse Expo 2011, St. Paul, MN, April 29 and 30. Moon, R. D. 2011. Manure management to prevent fly infestations. Horse Owners Education Program, St. Paul, MN, 15 October. Watson, D. W. Pest and Disease Management in Dairy Ecosystems. Center for Environmental Farming Systems Intern Program, 2011. Patrick Miles, NC A&T; Jamie Berger, UNC; Beth Chapman, NDSU; & Sindhu Siva, U. Delaware. Zhu, J. J. Interviewed and wrote info (2010-2011) for scientific journals and magazines on stable fly research (American Chemistry Society News Press, Chemical Education, USDA NewsMaker, MidWest Producer, Feed-Lot Magazine, The IPM Practitioner, The Horse magazines, etc). Zhu, J. J. Interviewed (2010-2011) by radio stations on biting fly management and botanical-based repellent development (Canada Discovery Channel, Voice of America, Meredith National Radio, and WALO-Puerto Rico).