SAES-422 Multistate Research Activity Accomplishments Report

Sections

Status: Approved

Basic Information

Participants

Aaron, Debra (daaron@email.uky.edu) - University of Kentucky; Burke, Joan (joan.burke@ars.usda.gov) - USDA, ARS, Arkansas; Ehrhardt, Richard (ehrhard5@msu.edu) - Michigan State University; Ely, Don (dely@uky.edu)  University of Kentucky; Getz, Will (getzw@fvsu.edu) - ASI; Held, Jeff (Jeffrey.Held@sdstate.edu) - South Dakota State University; Inskeep, Keith (einskeep@wvu.edu)  West Virginia State University; Leymaster, Kreg (kreg.leymaster@ars.usda.gov) - USDA, ARS, MARC; Miller, Jim (jmille1@lsu.edu) - Louisiana State University; Morrical, Dan (morrical@iastate.edu) - Iowa State University; Morgan, Jim (jlmm@earthlink.net) - NSIP; Notter, Dave (drnotte@vt.edu) - Virginia Tech; Redden, Reid (reid.redden@ndsu.edu) North Dakota State University; Rodgers, Paul (prodgers2@earthlink.net) - ASI; Petersson, Katherine (kpetersson@uri.edu)  University of Rhode Island; Orwick, Peter (porwick@sheepusa.org) - ASI; Slyter, Lowell  (lowell_slyter@hotmail.com) SGRJ; Thomas, Dave (dlthomas@wisc.edu) - University of Wisconsin, Madison; Thonney, Michael L. (mlt2@cornell.edu) Cornell University; Villalba, Juan (juan.villalba@usu.edu)  Utah State University; Waldron, Dan (d-waldron@tamu.edu)  Texas A&M

[Minutes]

Accomplishments

Cornell University  New York The effect on lamb mortality and growth rates of pasture lambing ewes from a flock that had only been barn-lambed for generations continue to be quantified. Reproduction records continue to be recorded from ¼ East Friesian x ¾ Dorset yearling ewes that first lambed in August 2011. These phenotypes will be used to identify DNA markers for ability to lamb aseasonally. The Cornell STAR accelerated lambing system has been shown to be a feasible way of making better use of buildings and equipment and year-round labor. It also increases opportunities to take advantage of optimal times to market lambs. Methods continue to be tested to improve reproductive rates and lamb survival under the system. Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, USDA, Arkansas Several long-term research projects have been initiated to examine the long term effect of alternatives to chemical dewormers on GIN population, lamb production, and economics of using these technologies. Studies on the integration of FAMACHA, copper oxide wire particles and sericea lespedeza have been published. Louisiana State University This research group continues to demonstrate viable alternative methods for sustainable parasitic nematode control which will benefit sheep production in low input systems. Michigan State University Outreach accomplishments involved the presentation of programs with proceedings/manuals on birth management, parasite management and grazing management. Applied research efforts included projects to document anthelmintic efficacy and infection dynamics in large commercial sheep flocks and to determine the feasibility and benefits of cover crop grazing. Current applied research efforts include complimentary forage crop research, out of season breeding field studies, biological control of gastrointestinal nematode infection in grazing lambs, and the development and assessment of integrated parasite management plans. Courses were offered as a clinical clerkship to DVM students on small ruminant production medicine and to undergraduate students on sheep production. International outreach activities included mentorship of visiting Fullbright scholars from Iraq and presentation of small ruminant management and health program via distance learning to Iraqi producers and DVMs. University of Rhode Island This research and outreach program continues to educate small ruminant producers in best management practices for parasite control and investigate more sustainable alternatives to chemical dewormers. South Dakota State University Our work with co-products, soyhulls and DDGS, has demonstrated these feed ingredients can lower unit cost of production, improve production efficiency and reduce labor requirements in sheep operations. Studies with another co-product, pelleted corn stover, could lead to even greater labor and cost efficiencies for intensively managed sheep. Studies with pelleted corn stover inclusion into lamb and ewe diet formulations at SDSU have shown excellent palatability and performance. This ingredient has the potential to reduce traditional forage needs by 20% in intensive farm flock systems. The EAZI-BREED CIDR was equally effective for estrus synchronization using a 6 or 12 d insertion period in seasonally anestrous Polypay sired commercial ewes. Data from this study has been presented at local and regional extension sheep programs, and presented to a national audience at the 2011 Sheep Leadership School. The sheep CIDR has many possible applications to improve labor efficiency, enhance flock reproductive efficiency and add profit margin to the sheep industry. Launching the sheepSD program will provide a learning community environment between extension personnel and producers across the state of South Dakota. Dave Ollila, Sheep Extension Field Specialist is coordinating the program from his location in western South Dakota. Texas Agrilife Research, Texas A&M System A study has been implemented to estimate performance differences between Dorper and Rambouillet ewes. Estimates of breed differences for fertility, number of lambs born, lamb birth weight, lamb weaning weight, and lamb carcass traits were documented from records on ewes from 2 to 9 years of age. The main objective of this study is to evaluate lifetime lamb production from Dorper and Rambouillet ewes. U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, USDA-ARS, Nebraska Easycare ram lambs are genotyped for TMEM154 and genotypes are used to supplement selection of rams to decrease the prevalence of OPP. Flocks of Katahdin and Polypay sheep are being genetically managed to represent contemporary industry germplasm and to serve as industry controls for future research on easy-care breeds at USMARC. Three experiments were started to estimate gene action of TMEM154 haplotypes on ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP) incidence under conditions of natural challenge. U.S. Sheep Experiment Station, USDA-ARS, Idaho Two additional years of data for puberty and 1 additional year of data for 2-year-old ewe lambing performance have been collected. Analyses of 5 consecutive years of puberty data (i.e., records for H 900 Targhee ewe lambs) are underway. Data from 2000 through 2012 are being compiled and edited to calculate EBV needed to begin quantifying relationships among age at puberty of Targhee ewe lambs, ability of Targhee ewes to lamb at 1 year of age, and scrotal circumference of Targhee ram lambs from weaning until H 8 month of age, and to quantify the response to EBV-based selection strategies on the ability of ewes to lamb at 1 year of age. Presentations: American Sheep Industry Association Convention; Idaho Wool Growers Association Convention; Utah Wool Growers Association Summer Meeting; Northeast Wyoming Sheep Symposium; Utah State University sheep production class; Four groups of veterinary students from 5 universities during lambing-season externships; 1 elementary school group; Interviews for at least 4 news or magazine articles. Virginia State University A rotational grazing system with both warm and cool season pastures was established to evaluate the growth performance and fitness (parasite resistance) in land race hair sheep breeds fed pasture year round.

Impacts

  1. Cornell University, New York - Based upon data from the Cornell Sheep Farm over the past decade, an autologous vaccine against pinkeye administered by skin scratching appears to be effective. Pasture lambing was shown to have the same lamb mortality as barn lambing for ewes from a flock that had not pasture-lambed for generations.
  2. Louisiana State University - Copper treatment in the form of COWP appears to be preferable to CS for controlling infection over a summer grazing season in lambs. Both Cu formulations appeared to be safe as used under the conditions of this study. Neither treatment benefited production (weight gain). Over 200 producers were in attendance at professional and producer meetings.
  3. Michigan State University - Michigan State University has offered outreach programs for small ruminant producers that have generated new interest in small ruminant production, raised awareness of chronic disease and assisted in implementation of eradication programs, improved nutritional management practices to increase production efficiency and improved parasite management control to reduce animal morbidity and mortality. Michigan sheep and meat goat producer organizations have had record increases in membership in 2011 with the sheep organization recognized as the fastest growing by ASI, with growth in both organizations directly linked to MSU educational efforts according to survey results.
  4. North Dakota State University - With the recent approval of the sheep CIDR to induce estrus in ewes during the anestrous season, there has been a lot of interest by sheep producers in this region. Our research has provided data that producers in our region can use to make important management decisions that will affect their overall flock profitability. Residual feed intake has been recently promoted as a new method to select for efficiency within many livestock species. However, very little research has been conducted in sheep to validate that is it a viable option. Our research has highlighted a very important concept that this measure of feed efficiency is not highly correlated to different diets. This ultimately helps sheep producers make informed decisions whether or not to collect this information on their flock or to purchase animals that have been tested for this measure of efficiency.
  5. University of Rhode Island - Results indicate that oral vitamin E supplementation at 10 IU/kg BW/day tended to reduce the fecal egg counts and significantly reduced the abomasal worm burden in lambs experimentall infected with Haemonchus contortus. There was overwhelmingly positive feedback from the parasite control workshops. Three parasite control workshops for veterinarians were conducted in Massachusetts and Vermont. All forty-three producers participated in farm visits during the summer of 2011. The producers felt that the farm visitation program helped them to identify parasite susceptible animals in their flock, evaluate anthelmintic resistance on their farms and helped reinforce the FAMACHA training they received at the parasite control workshops.
  6. South Dakota State University - Over 80 sheep producers attended the 11th annual SDSU Regional Sheep Forum at the SDSU Sheep Unit Brookings, South Dakota. Survey results indicated many new producers, and 40% of the producers were attending their first forum. Producers were from South Dakota, Minnesota, Nebraska, and Iowa with more than 10,000 commercial stock ewes represented in the audience. The theme was Opportunities to Enhance Sheep Production. Presentations focused on key theme topics covered in the national industries 2  Plus Initiative. The sheepSD program, a mentorship program for beginning farmers and ranchers was introduced to the industry and producers were encouraged to sign-up this summer and fall. Our sheep extension personnel were successful in securing a grant award of $20,000 grant from ASI to facilitate the sheepSD program in South Dakota. Enrollment for this program will be limited to 50 producers across the state.
  7. Texas Agrilife Research, Texas A&M System - Texas AgriLife Research conducts range sheep production research to provide information to sheep producers. Knowledge of performance differences between Dorper and Rambouillet ewes will provide producers with information needed to make an informed choice about expected performance of these breeds. The Dorper breed is relatively new to the US and little comparative research with US breeds has been documented.
  8. U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, USDA, Nebraska - A common justification for genomic research is the need to discover genetic markers associated with susceptibility to diseases in livestock. Ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP) is an incurable, slow-acting, wasting disease that affects sheep in most countries. It is one of the most costly sheep diseases in the United States due to a decrease in litter weaning weights of about 20% and premature culling or death of breeding stock. We investigated 50,000 genetic markers in infected and uninfected sheep to discover a gene (TMEM154) that affects susceptibility to OPP virus infection. The risk of infection was 2.8 times greater for sheep with a single risk allele than sheep without, a finding confirmed in multiple breeds and states. A genotyping test has been developed for commercial use and is being provided through collaborations with GeneSeek.
  9. U.S. Sheep Experiment Station, USDA, Idaho - Data describing the reproductive traits of peripubertal ewes and the effects of supplemental nutrients on age at puberty provide the basis for initiating research to determine whether estimated-breeding-value-based selection can be used to produce timely and significant improvements in the ability of ewes to lamb as yearlings. This research should ultimately result in management guidelines, including genetic selection, for improving ewe lamb fertility and for determining whether improving ewe lamb fertility through selection is a realistic objective for large-scale sheep producers in the United States.
  10. Utah State University - Isolation of genetic markers associated with health-related traits will be of great importance to the sheep industry. Markers for parasite resistance can be applied across flocks to enhance resistance and/or eliminate susceptible animals. A detailed high-resolution RH map and associated comparative maps are being developed. The availability of high-resolution comprehensive maps for all ovine chromosomes will enhance the identification of chromosomal locations of genes responsible for traits of interest in sheep. In addition, high-resolution maps have enabled identification of multi-species conserved chromosome segments and evolutionary breakpoints in related species. Potential uses of a whole genome reference sequence for sheep will significantly accelerate searches for genetic regions and genes influencing phenotypes in sheep, and provide the next generation of tools for animal genomics research.
  11. Virginia State University - The cost of grains and high quality hay is rapidly increasing in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Research at Virginia State University has been evaluating the inclusion of source if digestible fiber in hair sheep rations. Initial research suggests that soyhull pellets incorporated at an intake level of 2% of body weight in hay-based diets increased dry matter intake, feed efficiency and growth rate in 8-month old lambs.
  12. West Virginia University - The increased adoption of out-of-season breeding by producers combined with higher levels of fertility of ewes bred out of-season have led to more lambs being sold during months with the highest lamb prices with the net result of increased revenue (~15-20%). Additionally, losses due to predation and parasitism are reduced in flocks engaged in out-of-season breeding. Further, producers are increasingly incorporating accelerated lambing in some proportion of their flock which has had the impact of increasing flock productivity. Lambs reared with their dams up until market weight has final weights that are 2.5-5 kgs greater per animal than weaned flock mates. There is also the potential for improved feed conversion efficiency and reduce health associated losses in ewe-reared lambs. Producers, in particular hair-sheep producers, adopting this practice can potentially benefit from significantly higher revenue.

Publications

Cornell University  New York Buchanan J.W., E.A Staiger., M.L. Thonney, and R.G.Mateescu. 2011. Evaluation of PFKM, TFDP2, and HIP2 gene expression and muscle growth in sheep. J. Anim. Sci. Adv. 1:85-88. Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, USDA, Arkansas Moyle, J.R., Burke, J.M., Fanatico, A., Spencer, T., Arsi, K., Reyes-Herrera, I., Donoghue, D.J., Wooming, A., Mosjidis, J.A., Donoghue, A.M., 2012. Palatability of tannin-rich sericea lespedeza fed to broilers. J. Appl. Poultry Res. (In Press). Burner, D.M., Burke, J.M., 2011. Survival of bristly locust (Robinia hispida L.) in an emulated organic goat silvopasture. Native Plants J. (In Press). Mosjidis, J.A., Burke, J.M., Hess, J.B., 2012. The facts about sunn hemp toxicity. Crop Sci. doi: 10.2135/cropsci2011.11.0583 (published online December 29, 2011). Burke, J.M., Miller, J.E., Mosjidis, J.A., Terrill, T.H., 2012. Use of a mixed sericea lespedeza pasture system for control of gastrointestinal nematodes lambs and kids. Vet. Parasitol. doi:101016/j.vetpar.2011.11.074. Burke, J.M., Miller, J.E., Mosjidis, J.A., Terrill, T.H., 2012. Grazing sericea lespedeza for control of gastrointestinal nematodes in lambs. Vet. Parasitol., doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.12.004. Terrill, T.H., Miller, J.E., Burke, J.M., Mosjidis, J.A., 2012. Experiences with integrated concepts for the control of Haemonchus contortus in sheep and goats in the United States. Vet. Parasitol. 186, 28-37. Burke, J.M., Whitley, N.C., Pollard, D.A. J. Miller, J.E., Terrill, T.H., Moulton, K.E., 2011. Dose titration of sericea lespedeza leaf meal on Haemonchus contortus infection in lambs and kids. Vet. Parasitol. 181, 345-349. Louisiana State University Miller, J.E., Kaplan, R.M., Pugh, D.G., 2011. Internal parasites. In: D.G. Pugh (Ed.), Sheep and Goat Medicine (2nd Edition), Elsevier Saunders, Maryland Heights, MO, 106-125. Miller, J.E., Burke, J.M., Terrill, T.H., Kearney, M.T., 2011. A comparison of two integrated approaches of controlling nematode parasites in small ruminants. Vet. Parasitol. 178:300-310. Joshi, B.R., Kommuru, D.S., Terrill, T.H., Mosjidis, J.A., Burke, J.M., Shakya, K.P., Miller, J.E., 2011. Effect of feeding sericea lespedeza leaf meal in goats experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus. Vet. Parasitol. 178:192-197. Burke, J.M., Whitley, N.C., Pollard, D.A., Miller, J.E., Terrill, T.H., Moulton, K.E., Mosjidis, J.A., 2011. Dose titration of sericea lespedeza leaf meal on Haemonchus contortus infection in lambs and kids. Vet. Parasitol. 181:345-349. Gujja, S., Terrill, T.H., Mosjidis, J.A., Miller, J.E., Mechineni, A., Kommuru, D.S., Burke, J.M., 2011. Effect of supplemental sericea lespedeza leaf meal pellets on gastrointestinal nematode infection in grazing goats. Proc. 56th Ann. Meet. Amer. Assoc. Vet. Parasitol. 66. Mechineni, A., Terrill, T.H., Mosjidis, J.A., Miller, J.E., Gujja, S., Kommuru, D.S., Burke, J.M., 2011. Effect of grazed Sericea lespedeza on gastrointestinal nematode infection in goats. Proc 56th Ann Meet Amer Assoc Vet Parasitol, 66-67. Miller, J.E., Burke,,. J.M., Garza, J., Terrill, T.H., Callahan, S., 2011. Comparison of copper oxide wire particles, copper sulfate and anthelmintic treatment for controlling gastrointestinal nematode infection in lambs. Proc. 23th International Conference World Association Advancement Veterinary Parasitology, 290. Garza, J., Bunagan, J., Kelly,. V., Miller, J., 2011. The efficacy of Rabon (tetrachlorvinphos) as a control method for trichostrongylosis in small ruminants. Proc. 23th International Conference World Association Advancement Veterinary Parasitology, 209. Whitley, N.C., Terrill, T.H., Miller, J.E., Burke, J.M., Moulton, K., Townsend, L., Horton, J.R., French, J., Cooper, A.K., 2011. Effect of sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata) leaf meal pellets fed to gastrointestinal nematode infected goats. J. Anim. Sci. 89:(E-Suppl. 1):398. Cherry, N.M., Lambert, B.D., Muir, J.P., Bullinger, M., Miller, J.E., Kaplan, R.M., Whitney, Y.R., 2011. Feeding North American panicled tick-clover containing condensed tannins to growing goats reduces Haemonchus contortus infection. J. Anim. Sci. 89(E-Suppl. 1):402. Vest, J.L., Brown, M.A., Kohler, J.D., Hudson, M.D., Nusz, S.R., Burke, J.M., Miller, J.E., Mackown, C.T., Walker, E.L., 2011. Effects of feeding sericea lespedeza as a natural anthelmintic for Haemonchus contortus in lactating does. J. Anim. Sci. 89(E-Suppl. 1):696. Whitley, N.C., Perdue, M.A., Schoenian, S., Kaplan, R.M., Story, B., Terrill, T.H., Burke, J.M., Mobini, S., Miller, J.E., 2011. Small ruminant integrated parasite management and FAMACHA training in the United States. J. Anim. Sci. 89(E-Suppl. 2):15. Luginbuhl, J-M., Glennon, H.M., Miller, J.E., Terrill, T.H., 2011. Evaluation of sericea lespedeza grazed as a summer forage and natural gastrointestinal parasite control for goats. J. Anim. Sci 89(E-Suppl. 2):15. Kommuru, D.S., Terrill, T.H., Joshi, B.R., Mechineni, A., Gujja, S., Miller, J.E., Mosjidis, J.A., Burke, J.M., 2011. Effect of feeding sericea lespedeza leaf meal on establishment of gastrointestinal nematode larvae in goats. J. Anim. Sci. 89(E-Suppl. 2):15. Looper, M.L., Edrington, T.S., Burke, J.M., Miller, J.E., Mosjidis, J.A., Terrill, T.H., Genovese, K.J., Callaway, T.R., Williamson, B.C., Roserkrans, C.F., 2011. Influence of condensed tannin from sericea lespedeza on fecal shedding of antibiotic resistance-selected Escherichia coli O157:H7 in rams. J. Anim. Sci. 89(E-Suppl. 2):16. Miller, J.E., Burke, J.M., Garza, J., Callahan, S., Terrill, T.H., 2011. Comparison of copper oxide wire particles, copper sulfate and anthelmintic treatment for controlling gastrointestinal nematode infection in lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 89(E-Suppl. 2):16. Garza, J., Bunagan, J., Kelly, V., Miller, J.E., 2011. The efficacy of Rabon (teteachlorvinphos) as a treatment for trichostrongylosis in small ruminants. J. Anim. Sci. 89(E-Suppl. 2):16. Burke, J.M., Miller, J.E., 2011. Influence of season of lambing on gastrointestinal nematode infection of lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 89(E-Suppl. 2):16-17. Vourter A.D., Neary, K.M., Hutchens, T.K., Andries, K., Miller, J.E., Pezzanite, L.M., Tower, J.E., Einstein, M.E., 2011. Efficacy of garlic juice, copper oxide wire particles, and anthelmintics to control gastorinestinal nematodes in goats. J. Anim. Sci. 89(E-Suppl. 2):17. Burke, J.M., Mosjidis, J.A., Miller, J.E., Casey, P., Terrill, T.H., 2011. Sunn hemp with chicory or pearl millet to minimize gastrointestinal nematode infection in weaned goats. J. Anim. Sci. 89(E-Suppl. 2):17-18. Burke, J.M., Miller, J.E., Terrill, T.H., Mosjidis, J.A., 2011. Multiple strategies for farmers in the U.S.A. to control gastrointestinal nematodes in small ruminants. CAPARA. Michigan State University Ehrhardt, Richard A. 2011. Is everything OK? Guide to assessing small ruminant well-being during the transition between late pregnancy and early lactation. Michigan Shepherd News, February. Ehrhardt, Richard A. 2011. Overeating disease: Making sense of vaccination protocols. Michigan Shepherd News, April. Ehrhardt, Richard A., Rozeboom, Dale W. 2011. MSU AG EXPO to feature mortality composting demonstration and information session for sheep producers. Michigan Shepherd News, June. Ehrhardt, Richard A. 2011. Assessing lamb mortality patterns is the first step in reducing loss. August. http://www.growourflock.org/sites/default/files/lamb%20mortality%20patterns_0.pdf. Ehrhardt, Richard A. 2011. Improving lambing percentage with flushing. Michigan Shepherd News, August. Ehrhardt, Richard A. 2011. Ewe lambs: To breed or not to breed? Michigan Shepherd News, November. Ehrhardt, Richard A. 2011. Cover crop grazing with sheep: lessons learned from recent MSU extension demonstration event. MSU news for agriculture website, December. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Optimizing nutritional management of the doe during the transition period". International Goat Symposium, Ontario Goat Council, Orangeville, Ontario. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Forage Quality and Goat Nutrition". American Dairy Goat Association Annual Convention, Grand Rapids, Michigan. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Integrated parasite management in goat production". American Dairy Goat Association Annual Convention, Grand Rapids, Michigan. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Optimizing management of the periparturient doe". American Dairy Goat Association Annual Convention, Grand Rapids, Michigan. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Critical control points for lamb survival". Indiana Sheep Symposium, Indiana Sheep Association, Lebanon, Indiana. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "The nuts and bolt of accelerated lambing". Indiana Sheep Symposium, Indiana Sheep Association, Lebanon, Indiana. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Choosing the right terminal sire for your production system. Wisconsin Sheep and Wool Festival; Wisconsin Sheep Improvement Association; Jefferson, WI. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Key considerations in building a commercial ewe flock". Wisconsin Sheep and Wool Festival; Wisconsin Sheep Improvement Association; Jefferson, WI. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Overcoming expansion hurdles in commercial sheep production". Wisconsin Sheep and Wool Festival; Wisconsin Sheep Improvement Association; Jefferson, WI. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Managing internal parasites with an integrated approach". WOLPA Sheep Symposium, Western Ontario Lamb Producers Association, Walkerton, Ontario. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Sheep production on high value land: Capturing efficiencies in production". WOLPA Sheep Symposium, Western Ontario Lamb Producers Association, Walkerton, Ontario. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Sheep production on high value land:Maximizing production". WOLPA Sheep Symposium, Western Ontario Lamb Producers Association, Walkerton, Ontario. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Overcoming barriers to commercial sheep production in the upper midwest". Ohio Sheep Day, Ohio Sheep Improvement Association, New Lisbon, Ohio. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Is accelerated lambing a practice to consider for your flock? and". Ohio Sheep Day, Ohio Sheep Improvement Assoc, New Lisbon, Ohio. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Key considerations in building a commercial ewe flock". Ohio Sheep Day, Ohio Sheep Improvement Assoc., New Lisbon, Ohio. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Metabolic adaptations of pregnancy". USDA Iraqi Ruminant Health Seminar program, Iraqi Vet Med Syndicate, East Lansing MI to Baghdad, Iraq. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Small ruminant production opportunities in Northern Michigan". Ag for Tomrrow Conference, MSUE, Escanaba, MI. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Is accelerated production a good fit for your operation?". Arlington Sheep Day, Wisconsin Sheep Breeders Assoc., Arlington, WI. Ehrhardt, R.A. 2011. "Overcoming barriers to expansion in commercial sheep production". Arlington Sheep Day, Wisconsin Sheep Breeders Association, Arlington, WI. Ehrhardt, R.A., Foskolos, A. (Presenter), Hileman, S., Gertler, A., Boisclair, Y.R. 2011. "The role of central leptin signaling in orchestrating peripheral metabolic adaptations in mature sheep. Oskar Kellner Symposium/Metabolic Flexibility in Animal and Human Nutrition, Warnemunde, Germany. North Dakota State University Jackson, C.G., T.L. Neville, V.R.G. Mercadante, K.M. Bischoff, G.C. Lamb, C.R. Dahlen, and R.R. Redden. 2012. Out-of-season reproductive performance of ewes synchronized to estrus with various 5 day protocols. Proc. West. Sec. Amer. Soc. Anim. Sci. 63: Van Emon, M.L., K.A. Vonnahme, P.T. Berg, R.R. Redden, M.M. Thompson, J.D. Kirsch, and C.S. Schauer. 2012. Influence of the level of dried distillers grains with solubles on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, serum testosterone concentrations, and semen quality of growing rams. Proc. West. Sec. Amer. Soc. Anim. Sci. 63: University of Rhode Island MacGlaflin, C., Zajac, A., Rego, K., Petersson, K. 2011 Effect of vitamin E supplementation on naturally acquired parasitic infection in lambs. Vet. Parasitology 175:300-305. K. Barron, B. De Wolf, A. Zajac, B. Sartini, K. Petersson. The effect of vitamin E supplementation on an experimental Haemonchus contortus infection in lambs. Conference of Research Workers in Animal Disease (CRWAD), Chicago, IL, Dec 4-6, 2011. Abstract No. 79P. South Dakota State University Beck, R.M., A.E. Wertz-Lutz, C.L. Wright, J.E. Held, R.D. Zelinsky, and C.L. Delvaux. 2011. Effects of glycerol inclusion on growth, carcass merit, nutrient digestibility, and rumen fermentation in finishing wether lambs. Sheep and Goat Journal (pending reviewer acceptance). Walker, J.A., G.A. Perry, R. Salverson, P. Nester, C.S. Schauer, J.E. Held and K.C. Olson. 2011. Evaluating glycerin supplementation on reproductive performance of sheep. Proc. Western Section, ASAS Vol.62. Held, J.E., R.D. Zelinsky, K. Bruns and J.A. Daniels. 2011. Comparison of 6 or 12d EAZI-BREED CIDR insertion on reproductive efficiency in seasonally anestrous mated ewes. Proc. 2011 NCERA-214 Committee, p. 14-15. Held, J.E. and R. Daly. 2011. Extension specialist and veterinarian warn of Cache Valley virus during winter lambing season. Banner Magazine, February 2011. Held, J.E. 2011. Sheep and lamb market outlook. Tri-State Livestock News, March 24, 2011 Held, J.E. 2011. To feed or not to feed. Tri-State Livestock News, April 8, 2011. Regional and National Popular Press Publications: (reviewed by author) Held, J.E. and R. Daly. 2011. Extension specialist and veterinarian warn of Cache Valley virus during winter lambing season. Banner Magazine, February 2011. Held, J.E. 2011. Sheep and Lamb Market Outlook. Tri-State Livestock News, March 24, 2011. Held, J.E. 2011. To feed or not to feed. Tri-State Livestock News, April 8, 2011. Regional and State Extension Powerpoint Presentations Held, J.E. 2011. Sheep Industry Outlook. Brookings Forum, March 17, 2011. Held, J.E. 2011. Use of the sheep EAZI-CIDR to manage reproduction. Brookings Forum, March 17, 2011. Held, J.E. 2011. SDSU Research and Extension Programming Highlights. South Dakota Sheep Growers Convention, September 24, 2011. Held, J.E. 2011. South Dakota Master Lamb Producer Recognition Program. SD Sheep Growers Convention, September 24, 2011. Held, J.E. 2011. Use of the sheep EAZI-CIDR to improve flock reproductive management and labor efficiency. 2011 Pipestone Lambing Time Short Course. February 4, 2011. Held, J.E. 2011. Use of the sheep CIDR to manage flock reproduction. National Lamb Feeders Sheep Leadership School. July 12, 2011. Held, J.E. 2011. Starting a sheep flock for small-acreage owners. South Dakota CES Workshop. April 16, 2011. Texas Agrilife Research, Texas A&M System J.M. Musser, D.F. Waldron, and C.A. Taylor. 2012. Evaluation of homologous and heterologous protection induced by a virulent field strain of orf virus and an orf vaccine in goats. Am. J. Vet. Res. 73:86-90. Waldron, D.F. 2011. NSIP National Sheep Improvement Programs current impact and future potential J. Anim. Sc. 89, E-Suppl.1:739(Abstr.). White, S.N., J.O. Reynolds, D.F. Waldron, D.A. Schnieder, K.I. ORourke. 2012. Delayed incubation time in goats heterozygous for PRNP S146 or K222. Plant & Animal Genome XX. http://pag.confex.com/pag/xx/webprogram/Paper3931.html Hadfield, T., C. Wu, D.F. Waldron, G.E. Moss, B. Alexander, D. Thomas, J. Kijas, X. Dai, M. Halling, B. Bellaccomo, N. Cockett. 2012. The Use of a 50K SNP Array for Identifying geneomic regions associated with a range of traits in Rambouillet sheep. Plant and Animal Genome XX. http://pag.confex.com/pag/xx/webprogram/Paper4274.html Waldron, D.F.. 2012 Improvement of sheep through selection of performance-tested and progeny-tested breeding animals. Texas AgriLife Res. San Angelo. Rep. 2012-1. Waldron, D.F. 2012. Sire summary of ram test performance (1995-2012). Texas AgriLife Res. San Angelo. Rep. 2012-2. Shackelford, S.D., K.A. Leymaster, T.L. Wheeler, and M. Koohmaraie. 2012. Estimates of breed of sire on carcass composition and sensory traits of lamb. J. Anim. Sci., published ahead of print June 4, 2012, doi:10.2527/jas.2012-5219. Leeds, T.D., D.R. Notter, K.A. Leymaster, M.R. Mousel, and G.S. Lewis. 2012. Evaluation of Columbia, USMARC Composite, Suffolk, and Texel rams as terminal sires in an extensive rangeland production system: I. Ewe productivity and crossbred lamb survival and preweaning growth. J. Anim. Sci., published ahead of print June 4, 2012, doi:10.2527/jas.2011-2640. Heaton M.P., Clawson M.L., Chitko-Mckown C.G., Leymaster K.A., Smith, T.P.L., et al. 2012. Reduced lentivirus susceptibility in sheep with TMEM154 mutations. PLoS Genet 8(1): e1002467. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002467. Chitko-McKown, C. G., K. A. Leymaster, M. P. Heaton, M. L. Clawson, and G. P. Harhay. Reduced OPP susceptibility in naturally exposed lambs with homozygous TMEM154 K35 genotypes. Proceedings of the 99th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Immunologists. Sider, L.H, M.L. Clawson, M.P.Heaton, C.G. Chitko-McKown, G.P. Harhay, T.P.L.Smith, and K.A. Leymaster. Phylogenetic clades of ovine progressive pneumonia virus (OPPV) associate with sheep TMEM154 genotypes. Proceedings of the 58th Brazilian Congress of Genetics. Heaton, M.P. and K.A. Leymaster. 2012. Research on genetic susceptibility to ovine progressive pneumonia. The Shepherd 57(3):14-15. U.S. Sheep Experiment Station, USDA-ARS, Idaho Kirschten, D.P., D.R. Notter, T.D. Leeds, M.R. Mousel, J.B. Taylor, and G.S. Lewis. 2011. Feed intake and efficiency of F1 Lambs. Proc. Western Section, Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 62:81-85. Kirschten, D.P., D.R. Notter, T.D. Leeds, M.R. Mousel, J.B. Taylor, and G.S. Lewis. 2011. Correlations between measures of feed efficiency and feedlot returns for F1 Lambs. Proc. Western Section, Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 62:86-88. Kirschten, D.P., D.R. Notter, and G.S. Lewis. 2011. Feed efficiency and feedlot returns for F1 lambs. Proc. 34 Congreso Asociación Argentina de Producción Animal (AAPA) and 1st Joint Meeting Am. Soc. Anim. Sci.-AAPA, Mar del Plata, Argentina. 31(Suppl. 1):142. Kirschten, D.P., D.R. Notter, T.D. Leeds, M.R. Mousel, J.B. Taylor, and G.S. Lewis. 2012. Evaluation of Columbia, USMARC-Composite, Suffolk, and Texel rams as terminal sires in an extensive rangeland production system: IV. Postweaning growth, feed intake, and feed efficiency. J. Anim. Sci. (Revised, returned to J. Anim. Sci.). Leeds, T.D., D.R. Notter, K.A. Leymaster, M.R. Mousel, and G.S. Lewis. 2012. Evaluation of Columbia, USMARC-Composite, Suffolk, and Texel rams as terminal sires in an extensive rangeland production system: I. Ewe productivity and crossbred lamb survival and preweaning growth. J. Anim. Sci. (In press) doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4640. Notter, D.R., T.D. Leeds, M.R. Mousel, J.B. Taylor, D.P. Kirschten, and G.S. Lewis. 2012. Evaluation of Columbia, USMARC-Composite, Suffolk, and Texel rams as terminal sires in an extensive rangeland production system: II. Postweaning growth and ultrasonic measures of composition. J. Anim. Sci. (In press) doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4641. Mousel, M.R., T.D. Leeds, D.R. Notter, H.N. Zerby, S.J. Moeller, and G.S. Lewis. 2012. Evaluation of Columbia, USMARC-Composite, Suffolk, And Texel rams as terminal sires in an extensive rangeland production system: III. Prefabrication carcass traits and organ weights. J. Anim. Sci. (In press) doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4767. Texas Agrilife Research  Texas A&M System J.M. Musser, D.F. Waldron, and C.A. Taylor. 2012. Evaluation of homologous and heterologous protection induced by a virulent field strain of orf virus and an orf vaccine in goats. Am. J. Vet. Res. 73:86-90. Waldron, D.F. 2011. NSIP National Sheep Improvement Programs current impact and future potential J. Anim. Sc. 89, E-Suppl.1:739(Abstr.). White, S.N., J.O. Reynolds, D.F. Waldron, D.A. Schnieder, K.I. ORourke. 2012. Delayed incubation time in goats heterozygous for PRNP S146 or K222. Plant & Animal Genome XX. http://pag.confex.com/pag/xx/webprogram/Paper3931.html Hadfield, T., C. Wu, D.F. Waldron, G.E. Moss, B. Alexander, D. Thomas, J. Kijas, X. Dai, M. Halling, B. Bellaccomo, N. Cockett. 2012. The Use of a 50K SNP Array for Identifying geneomic regions associated with a range of traits in Rambouillet sheep. Plant and Animal Genome XX. http://pag.confex.com/pag/xx/webprogram/Paper4274.html Waldron, D.F.. 2012 Improvement of sheep through selection of performance-tested and progeny-tested breeding animals. Texas AgriLife Res. San Angelo. Rep. 2012-1. Waldron, D.F. 2012. Sire summary of ram test performance (1995 - 2012). Texas AgriLife Res. San Angelo. Rep. 2012-2. Utah State University  Logan Alexander, B.M., G.E. Moss, N. Cockett, T. Hadfield and D.J. Burton (2012) Reproductive performance of rams in three producer range flocks: evidence of poor sexual behavior in the field. Small Rumin. Res. (accepted). Bidwell, C.A., N. Waddell, R.L. Tellam and N.E. Cockett (2012) Transcriptome mapping and assembly of the DLK1-DIO3 domain in callipyge lambs. Proc. Plant and Animal Genome XX, W023. Caiment, F., C. Charlier, T. Hadfield, N. Cockett, M. Georges and D. Baurain (2012) Assessing the effect of the CLPG mutation on the microRNA catalogue of skeletal muscle using high throughput sequencing. Genome Res. 20(12)1651-1662. Cockett, N.E. and C. Wu (2012) Genomic information available for use by the sheep industry. Sheep and Goat Res. J. (accepted). Hadfield, T.S., C. Wu, D. Waldron, G.E. Moss, B. Alexander, D. Thomas, J. Kijas, X. Dai, B. Bellaccomo and N.E. Cockett (2012) The use of a high-density SNP array for identifying genetic regions for various characteristics in Rambouillet sheep. Proc. Plant and Animal Genome XX, P578. Kijas, J.W., J.E. Miller, T. Hadfield, R. McCulloch, E. Garcia-Gamez, L.R. Porto Neto, N.E. Cockett and the International Sheep Genomics Consortium (2012) Tracking the emergence of a new breed using 49,034 SNP in sheep. PLoS (accepted). Bidwell, C.A., N. Waddell, R.L. Tellam and N.E. Cockett (2012) Transcriptome mapping and assembly of the DLK1-DIO3 domain in callipyge lambs. Proc.Plant and Animal Genome XX, W023. Wu, C., T.S. Hadfield, J.E. Miller, J. Kijas and N.E. Cockett (2012) Genome-wide association and meta-analysis in an outbred sheep population: identifying genetic loci influencing parasite resistance. Proc. Plant and Animal Genome XX, P588. Virginia State University Turner, K.E., Wildeus, S., and Collins, J.R. 2011. Performance and nutrient utilization in purebred and Spanish and Boer x Spanish and Kikio x Spanish genetic types of goats offered alfalfa hay with corn supplementation. Small Ruminant Research 96:144-148. Szabo, S.D., Wildeus, S. and Teutsch, C.D. 2012. Growth intake and feed efficiency In hair sheep lambs fed a hay-based diet with increasing levels of soyhull inclusion. Proc. Ann. Meet. South. Sect. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci., p. 4. Wildeus, S. and Zeng, S.S. 2012. Effect of season and by-pass fat supplementation on milk composition of hair sheep ewes lambing in spring and fall. Proc. Ann. Meet. South. Sect. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci., p. 30. Wildeus, S. 2011. Accelerated hair sheep lamb production systems in the tropics: Joining three times in two years. 5 Simposio Internacional sobre Caprinos e Ovinos de Corte, João Pessoa, Brazil. West Virginia University Knights, M., Siew, N., Ramgattie, R., Singh-Knights, D and Bourne, G. (2011). Effectiveness of a Short-Term Treatment with Progesterone Injections on Synchrony of Lambing and Fertility in Tropical Hair Sheep. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 126: 70-75. Knights, M., Siew, N., Ramgattie, R., Singh-Knights, D and Bourne, G. (2011). Effect of Time of Weaning on Reproductive Performance of Ewes and Growth of Lambs in Barbados Blackbelly Sheep reared Under a Tropical Photoperiod http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.09.042. Singh-Knights, D and Knights, M (2011). Lamb Prices and Marketing and Management Decisions Related to the ASI Grow with twoPLUS Program, July 23, 2011- WV Ram Sale Educational Program, Wardensville, WV. Inskeep, K., Knights, M. and Ramboldt, T. (2011). Out-of-Season Breeding Using the EAZI-Breed CIDR-G in Ewes. Virginia-North Carolina Sheperds Symposium. January 5, 2011, Verona, VA. Knights, M., Inskeep, K. and Ramboldt, T. (2011). Out-of-Season Breeding Using the EAZI-Breed CIDR-G in Ewes. Appalachian Grazing Conference. March 4-5, 2011. WVU Website: http://wvutoday.wvu.edu:8002/n/2011/08/11/shoring-up-the-sheep-industry-wvu-students-score-sustainable-agriculture-grants. Singh-Knights, D and Knights, M. (2011). Lamb Prices Hit Record Highs. News Ewe Can Use. Vol. 13 (1) pg.2. University of Wisconsin  Madison Hadfield, T., C. Wu, D. Waldron, G.E. Moss, B. Alexander, D. Thomas, J. Kijas, X. Dai, M. Halling, B. Bellaccomo, and N. Cockett. 2012. The use of a 50K SNP array for identifying genomic regions associated with a range of traits in Rambouillet sheep. Plant and Animal Genome XX Conference, San Diego (Abstr. PO578) (Online: https://pag.confex.com/pag/xx/webprogram/Paper4274.html). Thomas, D.L. 2011. Genetics of lamb survival. Proc. of the 5th Biennial Spooner Dairy Sheep Day. Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison. pp. 18-28. Thomas, D.L. 2011. Genetics of lamb survival. Proc. 17th Annual Great Lakes Dairy Sheep Symp., Petaluma, California. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Dept. of Anim. Sci. pp. 51-61. Thomas, D.L. and Y.M. Berger. 2011. 15 years of dairy sheep research at the Spooner Agricultural Research Station, University of Wisconsin-Madison. Proc. 17th Annual Great Lakes Dairy Sheep Symp., Petaluma, California. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Dept. of Anim. Sci. pp. 67-86. Morrical, D. and D.L. Thomas. 2011. Lamb nutrition and feeding. The Shepherd 56(8):16-19. Thomas, D.L. 2011. Breeding ewe lambs or getting the most out of ewe lambs. The Shepherd 56 (10): 8-12.
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