Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

Meeting started at 8:00 am

Welcome to the 2012 meeting - Kim Hummer

Director's Report and Budget - Michael Kahn
The requested amount of funds ($405,280) for the W-6 regional project was allocated by the Western Region Experiment Station Directors. The Experiment Station Directors in the Western region continue to be very supportive of the W-6 regional project and its role in supplying plant germplasm for research in the Western states.

Report from ARS Regional Office - Andrew Hammond
Welcomed the attendees to the 2012 W-6 meeting and thanked Kim Hummer and staff for hosting the meeting. Extended a welcome from the USDA-ARS regional and national office to the attendees and indicated that 2012 is the 150th anniversary of the USDA. USDA-ARS has been active in germplasm activities such as plant exploration and seed distribution since the 19th century. In the Pacific Northwest (PNW) the plant germplasm program includes six repositories (Aberdeen, Idaho; Corvallis, Oregon; Davis, California; Hilo, Hawaii; Pullman, Washington; and Riverside, California) plus two staffed worksites (Parlier, California associated with the Davis repository and Prosser, Washington associated with the Pullman repository). The Arctic and Sub Arctic repository in Palmer, Alaska was closed in 2011/2012 in response to budget reductions. The W-6 repository in Pullman has over 91,000 accessions, over 1,000 genera and over 4,000 accessions in its collection. Challenges facing the plant germplasm program are associated with achieving its mission of collecting and maintaining plant germplasm collections to help feed a growing population in an era of reduced funding. This will require making choices and setting priorities and leveraging partnerships between ARS and state programs.

Questions were raised on the issue of setting priorities in relationship to germplasm collections where the goal of increasing and maintaining accessions does not lend itself to reduced activity in response to budget reductions. This is also true for maintaining and increasing facilities to accommodate increases in the number of accessions when there is little funding for new facilities or repair/upgrading old facilities. In response, Dr. Hammond stated that funding functions and activities associated with maintenance of the collections is a top priority and proceeded to explain the budget reductions faced by the ARS. In FY 2012, the ARS had a 38 million dollar reduction in its funding, which it accomplished by closing sites such as the Arctic and Sub-Arctic repository in Alaska though that action incurred a one-time cost of 40 million dollars in closing and personnel relocation costs. To cover the closing costs 0.7% of project funds were assessed from each ARS program and 30% was assessed from any Specific Cooperative Agreements (SCAs) the ARS had with non-federal programs, initiating a hiring freeze and reducing funding returns to the programs. In response to a second question, Dr. Hammond expanded the discussion on budget cuts to include FY2011, which was a 48 million dollar cut in the ARS budget. The ARS has had to absorb an 8% reduction in its overall budget making it a challenge to meet its obligations during these difficult budgetary times.

Report from National Program - Peter Bretting
To address budgetary issues within the National Program, travel funding was reduced and funds were recouped through buy-outs through early retirements. Positions affected in the Western region include Dr. Steve Clement at the Pullman repository and Doug Cook at the Corvallis repository. Neither position has been refilled due to the hiring freeze.

In germplasm activities the change from GRIN to GRIN Global is progressing with Grin Global v.1 being released in December, 2011. The germplasm system was also a participant in the development of a new computer based Plant Hardiness Zone map released by Oregon State University. The map is computer based and it is interactive so it is possible to go from a national map to a local map based on zip code.

In terms of the FY 2013 budget, nothing has passed but the Senate version, which has a 1% increase for ARS while the House version has a 2% decrease. The hope is for a flat budget. What is confounding the budget issue is raising the debt ceiling on the Federal budget and the potential for mandatory sequestering (reduction) of funds in response to the 2011 agreement to raise the debt ceiling.

In terms of activities at the national level the ARS works on five-year cycles and the National Plant Germplasm System was reviewed in 2011. A new action plan (NP 301) was developed and ARS scientists are working on individual program plans. In relationship to the NPGCC it was stated that it was important to educate the state Agricultural Experiment Station on the importance of regional projects such as the W-6 project and changes occur in experiment station directors. In terms of international treaties associated with plant germplasm, the pending treaty has not been addressed by the Senate since other treaties have taken priority. The NGRA committee has once again been activated in 2012 (started in 1900 halted in 1999).

Approval of minutes from the 2011 W-6 Regional meeting
It was moved (D. Parfitt) and seconded (J. Kuhl) to accept the minutes from the 2011 meeting. The committee unanimously approved the motion (9:30 am).

Harold Bockelman - Aberdeen

• Distributed 100,000 samples - a record for the Aberdeen repository.
• Large distribution (38,000 accessions) to the gene bank in South Korea. They are reciprocating by sending germplasm to the Aberdeen repository.
• Using flow cytometry to screen wheat land races in the collection for ploidy level (4X or 6X)
• Continuing sending accessions to the Norway seed vault.
• Coordinating the screening nursery of United States wheat and barley germplasm for UG99 stem rust in Kenya screening nursery
• Participating in Triticeae-CAP (T-CAP) program by phenotyping wheat and barley accessions.
• Storage facilities have been upgraded by adding insulation to improve temperature control and to reduce costs associated with temperature control.
• Blair Goates has retired and due to the hiring freeze there are no current plans for replacing his position. Blair was an expert on bunt diseases and coordinated the dwarf bunt screening nursery.

Joseph Postman - Corvallis
Highlights of submitted report:

• There are 12 permanent employees
• 7,420 accessions were shipped in response to 670 requests; Increased 150% this year
• Participated in a germplasm collection expedition to Albania with J. Preece from the Davis repository
• Participated in tours and organizing meetings as part of the public out-reach efforts of the repository.
• Collaborative work continues with the Fort Collins germplasm program on cryo-preservation
• Research continues in the areas of molecular markers for genotypic identification of germplasm and in cryo-preservation of germplasm
• Budget remains flat, which is challenging since the number of accessions and number or requests continue to increase.Funding and staffing are increasingly challenging (flat line of funding = reduced staffing)
• Accomplishments (check first page of report)
• Received two SCRI grants >li>Joseph Postman - National Clean Plant Network - new program to preserve small fruit and grape germplasm (20 million dollars - 5 million per year, first year funded but remaining 3 years depend on inclusion in the Farm Bill.)
• Excellent outreach events

John Preece - Davis report
Highlights of submitted report:

• Clay Weeks, the Prunus horticulturist, retired and the repository was allowed to refill the position.
• There was an increase in number of accessions shipped in 2011.
• Information was uploaded into GRIN on 134 accessions representing 27 species.
• Research areas include:
  • Genotyping accessions using a SNP chip
  • Genotypic screening of apricots using a set of 12 microsatellites
  • Tissue culture research on walnut, almond and grape

Gabriela Romano - Parlier report
Highlights of submitted report

• The staff of the station includes 2 permanent positions and 5 temporary summer help. There is currently one vacant position at the repository.
• There was a 40% increase in distributions of germplasm with 25% going international.
• Research efforts include:
  • Seed viability of Opuntia accessions
  • Rooting of jojoba cuttings
• Phenotypic descriptions of the accessions are being collected

Francis Zee - Hilo report
Highlights of submitted report:

• Evaluated the quality of the germplasm collection in a collaborative effort with DNA extraction in Puerto Rico and DNA screening in Beltsville, Maryland. Starting to do more of the genotypic screening in-house.
• Working on developing a backup collection for avocados and working on keeping the papaya collection free of disease. Both need screen houses.
• The repository now manages 13 collections and with the increase in the number of collections there is now a need for additional personnel to cover the additional work associated with the collections.

Jinguo Hu - W-6 Pullman
Highlights of submitted report:
Funding from the Western Regional experiment stations ($405,000) supported 6 full time employees (3 field, 1 seed cleaning, 1 seed storage and 1 technician).

• Federal funding for the station (WRPIS) totaled $2,469,800 for Pullman and $271,000 for Prosser.
• 92,000 accessions in total in the collection
• Seed storage facility is now 98% full
• Seed viability tests were done on a total of 4,311 accessions (1,262 in Pullman and 3,049 in Fort Collins)
• 30,033 seed packets of 19,767 accessions were distributed, which was the second highest number of distributions by the Pullman station.
• Research projects include:
  • Screening for gene flow from transgenic alfalfa (Prosser)
  • SNP screening of lettuce collection
  • Faba bean research (see report for details)

Richard Lee - Riverside
Highlights of submitted report:

• 1,365 accessions distributed in 2011 including the first distributions from the quarantine collection. With the quarantine collection now open there are a higher number of requests in 2012.
• The collection is now screened for virus each year
• Challenges to the collection:
  • citrus greening HLV infection found in southern California
  • Palm weevils could pose a risk to the Palm collection
  • Palm decline disease now found in Texas and Florida

State Reports

Arizona - Dennis Ray
Written report submitted but no presentation made.

California - Dan Parfitt
(See state report for specific information from each recipient, including testimonials and notes on germination and viability)

• Requests were similar to previous years, about 400.
• Responses were also similar to previous years, about 18 to 20%.
• Use of germplasm showed a wide array of uses
• There were fewer home gardener requests in 2011.
• Responses showed that the material requested was useful.
• More requests for use of the germplasm for conventional breeding by private companies.
• More requests for use of germplasm as controls in molecular studies.

Colorado - Mark Brick
(See state report for specific information)

• 2719 accessions were requested in 2011 representing 93 orders. This was slightly lower than previous years.

Hawaii - no representative

Idaho - Joe Kuhl
(See state report for specific information)

• There was a major decrease in the number accessions requested in 2011 due to the high number of cereal accessions that were requested as part of the T-CAP project in 2011.
• 96% of the requests were from ARS or University of Idaho scientists.
• There was a 30% response rate on requests of information on the use of the requested germplasm.

Montana - Jack Martin
(See state report for specific information)

• 168 accessions were requested from a total of 40 reuqests
• The requests came from 12 individuals with 10 of the individuals coming from the University system.
• Requests were primarily for wheat, hops and grapes.

New Mexico - Ian Ray
Written report submitted but no presentation made.

Oregon - Shawn Muhlenbacher
(See state report for specific information) - Material requests were primarily from plant breeders

• 164 orders were made in 2011
• A purple tomato with high anthocyanin production was released by J. Myers
• The wheat breeding program released two new soft white winter wheat cultivars R. Zemetra

Utah - Kevin Jensen
Written report submitted but no presentation made.

Washington - Carol Miles (absent)
Written report submitted and Dave Stout made a brief presentation.

Business

There was a discussion on how data should be distributed to the state representatives. Currently everything is provided from university and companies but individual requests are not forwarded. Dave Stout requested input on what information is desired by the state representatives.

Another discussion centered on what the state report format should be in the future. It was requested that there would be a summary of the requests and two to three impact statements primarily based on financial impact of the requested germplasm and publications. The financial impact could be based on the impact of the crops being requested in the state. It was also discussed whether there should be a limit on the length of the report based on number of pages, number of words or number of characters. No firm decision was reached on this topic but it was decided that Jinguo Hu and Michael Kahn select a preferred format and distribute it a sub-committee of state representatives (Mark Brick, Joe Kuhl and Shawn Mehlenbacher) for their input. It was recommended in the request for information on germplasm use that a question be added concerning whether the individual used the GRIN-Global system and if they did what were their impressions of the system.

FY2012 - $405,288
FY 2013 - no increase due to WSU budget freeze
FY 2014 - 4.7% increase in funding requested
FY 2015 - 3% increase in funding to be requested
FY 2016 - 3% increase in funding to be requested

It was moved (Shawn Mehlenbacher) and seconded (Dan Parfitt) that the proposed W-6 budget for FY 2014 of $424,336 (a 4.7% increase of the FY 2013 budget) be approved.

The motion passed unanimously.

Future Meeting Locations:
2013 - Teleconference based out of the W-6 station in Pullman, Washington
2014 - Since the PGOC will be meeting in Davis, California in June it was moved (Shawn Mehlenbacher) and seconded (Joe Kuhl) that the W-6 meeting be held in Davis, California in conjunction with the PGOC meeting.

The motion passed unanimously.

Officers:
It was moved (Shawn Mehlenbacher) and seconded (Dan Parfitt) that Joe Kuhl serve as secretary in 2013 as a replacement for Bob Zemetra since he is no longer on the committee.

Resolutions

Resolution 1.
The W-6 Technical Advisory Committee thanks Dr. Kim Hummer and the staff of the USDA ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository in Corvallis, Oregon especially Joseph Postman and Yvonne Pedersen for their efforts in organizing and hosting the W-6 teleconference/meeting.

Resolution 2.
The W-6 Technical Advisory Committee thanks Dr. Ralph Cavalieri for his many years of service as Administrative Advisor for the W-6 Regional Technical Advisory Committee.

Resolution 3.
The W-6 Technical Advisory Committee welcomes Dr. Michael Kahn and appreciates his willingness to serve as Administrative Advisor for the W-6 Regional Technical Advisory Committee.

Resolution 4.
The W-6 Technical Advisory Committee thanks Dr. Robert Zemetra for his many years of service as a member and officer for the W-6 Regional Technical Advisory Committee.

Resolution 5.
The W-6 Technical Advisory Committee is concerned that the capacity of the seed storage at the W-6 Station is insufficient to serve future seed storage needs and that the number of accessions will soon exceed the storage capacity. Be it resolved that appropriate actions be initiated to solve this challenge before significant germplasm is lost.

There was a motion (Jack Martin) and a second (Joe Kuhl) to accept the resolutions as written.

The motion passed unanimously.

Motion to adjourn
Moved - Shawn Mehlenbacher
Seconded - Dan Parfitt

Passed unanimously

Meeting adjourned at 4:45 pm

To view individual state reports, they can be found on W-6's Homepage under the section "Additional Documents" at the following link:
http://lgu.umd.edu/lgu_v2/homepages/attachs.cfm?trackID=11296

1. The Western Regional Plant Introduction Station (WRPIS), Pullman WA distributed a total of 30,033 seed packets (19,767 accessions) to 928 individuals from 45 countries in 1,172 seed orders. Among them, 11,535 (38%) packets were sent to addresses in the USA and 18,498 (62%) packets to foreign countries. Year 2011 was the first year in which WRPIS germplasm was distributed to requestors from all 50 US States.

2. Researchers and residents in the Western 13 states requested and received 7,209 seed samples from W6 PI station, which is approximately 14.3% of the 50,412 samples that they requested from the National Plant Germplasm System in 2011.

3. The WRPIS acquired 3,103 accessions in 2010 including 2,094 native plant accessions from the SOS (Seeds of Success) project, 272 grass accessions collected from Russia by Dr. Doug Johnson, 237 Lupinus accessions from Poland and Germany and 141 Phaseolus accessions from CIAT (The International Center for Tropical Agriculture ), Cali, Colombia. On December 31, 2011, there were 90,485 plant accessions belonging to 947 genera, 4,155 species and 4,630 taxa in the WRPIS collection.

4. An initial roadside survey was conducted for the presence of GMO transgene in feral alfalfa in the GMO alfalfa production areas in CA, OR and WA and showed that 7-15% of the feral alfalfa populations in the areas surveyed carried the Roundup Ready Alfalfa (RRA) transgene. This finding has significant impact on future alfalfa germplasm management. Several measures have been implemented to prevent our collections of alfalfa germplasm from potential transgene contamination.

5. A total of 35,499 observation data points was entered into the GRIN database in 2011. These data are for 161 descriptors in 19 crop species from 9,393 accessions. Eight-eight percent of the data were collected by WRPIS staff and 12% by collaborators.

6. Seed viability testing was continued for priority crop species in our collection. Viability records of 4,349 inventories were entered into GRIN in 2011. Pullman location tested 1,262 and National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation (NCGRP), Fort Collins, Colorado tested 3,049 accessions.

7. A broad range of plant species of 3,750 inventories were regenerated/harvested in 2011. The seeds were packed and stored and the quantity by weight was determined for 4,737 inventories.

8. For secured backup of the valuable plant genetic resources, WRPIS shipped 2,246 seed inventories to the National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation (NCGRP), Fort Collins, Colorado and 421 inventories to the Svalbard Global Seed Vault, Longyearbyen, Svalbard.

9. Three first reports of plant diseases relevant to taxa curated at WRPIS were published in 2011. They are: (1) powdery mildew (Erysiphe knautiae) on Caucasian pincushion flower in North America; (2) rust (Puccinia sherardiana) on dwarf checkerbloom in Washington State and (3) Weedy alternative hosts for the new pea powdery mildew pathogen Erysiphe trifolii.

10. The cultivated lettuce germplasm collection of 1,063 accessions was genotyped with Illumina s high-throughput Goldengate assay of 384 SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) markers. This was accomplished by collaborating with The Genome Center of the University of California at Davis. The resulting genotype data revealed that approximately 70 accessions were present more than once; one butterhead cultivar was collected several times from different countries and at different time periods. Eliminating the redundancy based on genotype data will save resources for storage, regeneration and data management in the future.

11. The genetic diversity, population structure and genome-wide marker-trait association analysis emphasizing seed nutrients of the USDA pea core collection and published the results. The significant marker-trait associations documented in this study are useful to breeders to implement marker-assisted selection, which will expedite the process of breeding superior pea cultivars.

Additional accomplishments can be found in individual station and State reports on W-6's Homepage in the section "Additional Documents" at the following link:
http://nimss.umd.edu/homepages/attachs.cfm?trackID=11296

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