SAES-422 Multistate Research Activity Accomplishments Report
Sections
Status: Approved
Basic Information
- Project No. and Title: NC225 : Improved Grazing Systems for Beef Cattle Production
- Period Covered: 06/01/2001 to 05/01/2002
- Date of Report: 08/26/2002
- Annual Meeting Dates: 06/13/2002 to 06/14/2002
Participants
Attendance: Primary investigators and members of the Technical Committee Iowa - Jim Russell Kansas - Dale Blasi Nebraska - Dick Clark Ohio - David Zartman Also in attendance were: Kansas - Walt Fick, J.O. Fritz, Lyle Lomas, Joseph Moyer Missouri - Rob Kallenbach Nebraska - Bruce Anderson, Martin Massengale, Rick Rasby Administrative Advisors - Darrell Nelson, Nebraska; Henry Tyrrell, USDA Center for Grassland Studies (provides administrative support) - Pam Murray
The member states reported on the progress of their various research and education projects. There was much commonality of purpose, and commitment to the project objectives was evident. In particular, planning for a workshop on extending the grazing season was reviewed and approved by the committee. This workshop will be conducted during November and December of 2002 in North Dakota, Nebraska, Illinois and Missouri. Presenters will be drawn from several of the member states. In this manner, the educational perspective of the NC-225 committee will be achieved. The Kansas Model for appraising pastures is also being updated for use in educational settings. Rob Kallenbach of Missouri assumed the role of committee Chair at the end of the meeting, and Jim Russell of Iowa becomes Secretary for the next year of the project. Meeting dates for 2003 are set for June 12-13 at the University of Missouri in Columbia.
Accomplishing the educational mission of the committee was acknowledged as being very important. Since there is significant common membership in NC-225 and the MINK (Missouri, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas) Forage/Livestock Consortium, it was decided that combining the annual meetings of the two groups was advantageous and should continue. There was considerable attention to the commonality of the contributions of workers in the several states to the objectives of the NC-225 program. Consequently, a writing process was established to present a proposal for NC-225 renewal in 2004/2005.
The overall objective of NC-225 is to develop and evaluate concepts and systems that increase the uniformity of the year-round forage supply and the efficacy of forage, animal and grazing management to improve the profitability of beef production. Specific objectives are:
1. To quantify production and economic impacts, including risk, of beef cow-calf systems that better match animal nutrient requirements to the quantity and nutritional value of the forage supply.
2. To improve the profitability and productivity of cow-calf systems by identifying alternative forage species and grazing management to extend the length of the grazing season.
3. To develop strategies for using forage legumes to improve the agronomic, animal performance, environmental and economic characteristics of forage-beef systems.
4. To develop a systems-based educational program on integrated forage/cattle management systems for cow-calf producers in the four-state region.
Accomplishing the educational mission of the committee was acknowledged as being very important. Since there is significant common membership in NC-225 and the MINK (Missouri, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas) Forage/Livestock Consortium, it was decided that combining the annual meetings of the two groups was advantageous and should continue. There was considerable attention to the commonality of the contributions of workers in the several states to the objectives of the NC-225 program. Consequently, a writing process was established to present a proposal for NC-225 renewal in 2004/2005.
The overall objective of NC-225 is to develop and evaluate concepts and systems that increase the uniformity of the year-round forage supply and the efficacy of forage, animal and grazing management to improve the profitability of beef production. Specific objectives are:
1. To quantify production and economic impacts, including risk, of beef cow-calf systems that better match animal nutrient requirements to the quantity and nutritional value of the forage supply.
2. To improve the profitability and productivity of cow-calf systems by identifying alternative forage species and grazing management to extend the length of the grazing season.
3. To develop strategies for using forage legumes to improve the agronomic, animal performance, environmental and economic characteristics of forage-beef systems.
4. To develop a systems-based educational program on integrated forage/cattle management systems for cow-calf producers in the four-state region.
[Minutes]
Accomplishments
Objective 1 is being addressed in part by the development of the Kansas Grazing Model software. Other member states are asked to evaluate the model and to add data to improve the applicability of the model over the larger area of the several states. An online tutorial is to be added to the downloadable software to facilitate ease of use. Iowa is also working on a model to be compared to the Kansas model.
Jim Russell at Iowa State shared research results from his work on year-round forage management systems. Dr. Russell has found that grazing corn stalks can significantly reduce the amount of hay needed in beef cow systems. He also reported on the use of stockpiled forage for beef heifer development.
Dick Clark from Nebraska provided a report on the evaluation of weaning date and protein supplementation on beef cow performance. Nebraska researchers found that weaning March calving cows in November increased profits vs. weaning in August. Protein supplementation of March calving cows during the winter was not cost effective.
Dr. Clark also reported on the evaluation of corn stalks as feed for beef cows. In essence, Nebraska researchers found that cows grazing corn stalks had acceptable pregnancy rates but lower body condition scores and produced lighter calves.
Objective 2. The six member states are deriving information on forage management systems that can extend the grazing season throughout the winter period. Each state has a perspective that builds the knowledge base of options for producers in the member states. Some are looking at grazing forages not typically used for winter, such as intact corn or corn residues. The impact of this practice upon soil condition, erosion and nutrient levels is indicating the value of intensive grazing practices for winter feeding. Also, the contribution of winter-grazed, novel forages to the overall rotation of small grains and corn for grain as a farm or ranch management practice is being clarified
A three-state cooperative project (IA, MO, and KS) is evaluating the quality of approximately 20 different legumes and grasses when stockpiled over winter. With the exception of tall fescue, there is little data about the quality of other commonly used grasses and legumes when used for stockpiled forage. Charlie Brummer at ISU is leading this effort.
Jim Russell reported on his work about the impact of grazing corn stalks on soil compaction and subsequent crop yields. He found that grazing showed small increases in soil compaction but that soybean yields the following year were not impacted.
Researchers in Missouri compared three winter feeding systems for fall calving beef cows. The three systems were: annual ryegrass/cereal rye pastures, stockpiled E- tall fescue pastures and traditional hay feeding. The first year results show that fall-calving cows can be maintained on pasture through most of the winter at significantly lower cost than the traditional hay system. Cow body condition score was improved on both pasture systems compared to hay feeding. Soil damage and manure concentration were also reduced in the pasture systems compared to hay feeding.
Nebraska researchers are examining the effect of stocking rate and date of grazing on utilization of cool-season and warm-season grasses, on the yield and quality response of herbage classes in the sandhills. These studies deal with plant and animal response to seasonal grazing strategies and are critical to the development of year-round forage programs for cattle grazing range and pasture. In addition, Bruce Anderson and Terry Klopfenstein are evaluating three corn hybrids for grazing by yearling steers in 2002.
In Ohio, David Zartman is examining the use of standing corn for deferred grazing. Preliminary work from his research shows that standing corn could be a viable alternative to feeding hay to livestock in winter.
In North Dakota, barley, emmer, spelt, rye, and triticale cultivars were compared with oat for forage yield and quality in a multi-year study. Preliminary results indicate that alternatives to oat are available in the Great Plains that are superior in forage yield (e.g., triticale) or quality (e.g., barley).
Objective 3. Legume varieties are being assessed for stand durability and contribution to the overall feed provision of the year. The resistances to diseases, insects and unfavorable weather are being assessed as they play out in a grazing format. Strategies for several grazing protocols are being tested in combination with methods for making hay, feeding hay in winter, and alternatives to hay for winter feed.
Nebraska initiated a grazing study in May 2002, on small paddocks with low, medium, and high levels of birdsfoot trefoil (BFT). The objective is to determine the impact of BFT by evaluating yield components, animal selectivity of BFT at various legume densities, and quality of forage on offer and of that consumed.
Joe Moyer and Lyle Lomas from Kansas reported on comparisons of cow-calf and dry cow performance from wheat-bermudagrass pastures with legumes or with additional N fertilization. They found a 21-kg advantage in summer gain of dry cows for pastures seeded to legumes compared to N-fertilized pastures. They also reported on studies comparing the establishment, productive potential, and longevity of various legumes under clipping and grazing management.
Objective 4 calls for delivery of educational programs to those involved with beef cattle systems. The four regional workshops in late 2002 on extending the grazing season will achieve this. The locations and times have been selected to fit the needs of the local audiences. The workshops are being developed collaboratively by the NC-225, the MINK Consortium, and the Northern Integrated Resource Management group. The National Cattlemen‘s Beef Association is providing promotion and financial support. Topics include winter grazing, alternative calving dates, early weaning and other newer strategies for improving the economics. Each member state is to develop a uniform leaflet that will be edited by Wendy Miller of the Iowa Beef Center; the suggested title is Making Extended Grazing Work in (name of state). These can be distributed by county Extension offices as well as at the various workshops.
A plant-identification web page is under development, led by Nebraska. It is expected to be superior to currently existing sources. It will focus on an instructional guide for identifying range and forage plants common to the corn belt.
Economic analyses, to date, of different systems suggest a great advantage to grazing stockpiled forages and limited use of shelled corn rather than feeding substantial amounts of hay and protein supplements for winter maintenance of cattle. Only by having the six states testing various alternatives to extended winter grazing can enough options be tested rapidly to bring viable recommendations to the cattle industry. Important recommendations are already very useful, even though the project is only beginning its third year. The workshops are expected to impart these ideas to producers this fall. Future work will continue to explore the economic features of the grazing systems found to be agronomically favorable and nutritionally suitable for the cattle. Environmental responsibility will also be a goal of the systems being developed.
Assigned Responsibilities/Deadlines/Target Dates
The following people comprise the writing team of the renewal proposal: Russell (IA), Moyer (KS), Kallenbach (MO), Anderson (NE), Zartman (OH), Carr (ND). Zartman will assume leadership and work with the team members, who will survey their state NC-225 members for input regarding the proposal composition. People working in beef grazing systems in NCR states not currently participating in NC-225 will be contacted to see if they want to become involved in future activities. The first draft of the renewal proposal is to be available for the next annual meeting in June 2003. Assurance of multi-state contributions to the achievement of the objectives will be given substantial attention in the writing process. The revised draft is to be submitted to the NC-225 Administrative Advisor, Dr. Darrell Nelson, by the fall of 2003.
Jim Russell at Iowa State shared research results from his work on year-round forage management systems. Dr. Russell has found that grazing corn stalks can significantly reduce the amount of hay needed in beef cow systems. He also reported on the use of stockpiled forage for beef heifer development.
Dick Clark from Nebraska provided a report on the evaluation of weaning date and protein supplementation on beef cow performance. Nebraska researchers found that weaning March calving cows in November increased profits vs. weaning in August. Protein supplementation of March calving cows during the winter was not cost effective.
Dr. Clark also reported on the evaluation of corn stalks as feed for beef cows. In essence, Nebraska researchers found that cows grazing corn stalks had acceptable pregnancy rates but lower body condition scores and produced lighter calves.
Objective 2. The six member states are deriving information on forage management systems that can extend the grazing season throughout the winter period. Each state has a perspective that builds the knowledge base of options for producers in the member states. Some are looking at grazing forages not typically used for winter, such as intact corn or corn residues. The impact of this practice upon soil condition, erosion and nutrient levels is indicating the value of intensive grazing practices for winter feeding. Also, the contribution of winter-grazed, novel forages to the overall rotation of small grains and corn for grain as a farm or ranch management practice is being clarified
A three-state cooperative project (IA, MO, and KS) is evaluating the quality of approximately 20 different legumes and grasses when stockpiled over winter. With the exception of tall fescue, there is little data about the quality of other commonly used grasses and legumes when used for stockpiled forage. Charlie Brummer at ISU is leading this effort.
Jim Russell reported on his work about the impact of grazing corn stalks on soil compaction and subsequent crop yields. He found that grazing showed small increases in soil compaction but that soybean yields the following year were not impacted.
Researchers in Missouri compared three winter feeding systems for fall calving beef cows. The three systems were: annual ryegrass/cereal rye pastures, stockpiled E- tall fescue pastures and traditional hay feeding. The first year results show that fall-calving cows can be maintained on pasture through most of the winter at significantly lower cost than the traditional hay system. Cow body condition score was improved on both pasture systems compared to hay feeding. Soil damage and manure concentration were also reduced in the pasture systems compared to hay feeding.
Nebraska researchers are examining the effect of stocking rate and date of grazing on utilization of cool-season and warm-season grasses, on the yield and quality response of herbage classes in the sandhills. These studies deal with plant and animal response to seasonal grazing strategies and are critical to the development of year-round forage programs for cattle grazing range and pasture. In addition, Bruce Anderson and Terry Klopfenstein are evaluating three corn hybrids for grazing by yearling steers in 2002.
In Ohio, David Zartman is examining the use of standing corn for deferred grazing. Preliminary work from his research shows that standing corn could be a viable alternative to feeding hay to livestock in winter.
In North Dakota, barley, emmer, spelt, rye, and triticale cultivars were compared with oat for forage yield and quality in a multi-year study. Preliminary results indicate that alternatives to oat are available in the Great Plains that are superior in forage yield (e.g., triticale) or quality (e.g., barley).
Objective 3. Legume varieties are being assessed for stand durability and contribution to the overall feed provision of the year. The resistances to diseases, insects and unfavorable weather are being assessed as they play out in a grazing format. Strategies for several grazing protocols are being tested in combination with methods for making hay, feeding hay in winter, and alternatives to hay for winter feed.
Nebraska initiated a grazing study in May 2002, on small paddocks with low, medium, and high levels of birdsfoot trefoil (BFT). The objective is to determine the impact of BFT by evaluating yield components, animal selectivity of BFT at various legume densities, and quality of forage on offer and of that consumed.
Joe Moyer and Lyle Lomas from Kansas reported on comparisons of cow-calf and dry cow performance from wheat-bermudagrass pastures with legumes or with additional N fertilization. They found a 21-kg advantage in summer gain of dry cows for pastures seeded to legumes compared to N-fertilized pastures. They also reported on studies comparing the establishment, productive potential, and longevity of various legumes under clipping and grazing management.
Objective 4 calls for delivery of educational programs to those involved with beef cattle systems. The four regional workshops in late 2002 on extending the grazing season will achieve this. The locations and times have been selected to fit the needs of the local audiences. The workshops are being developed collaboratively by the NC-225, the MINK Consortium, and the Northern Integrated Resource Management group. The National Cattlemen‘s Beef Association is providing promotion and financial support. Topics include winter grazing, alternative calving dates, early weaning and other newer strategies for improving the economics. Each member state is to develop a uniform leaflet that will be edited by Wendy Miller of the Iowa Beef Center; the suggested title is Making Extended Grazing Work in (name of state). These can be distributed by county Extension offices as well as at the various workshops.
A plant-identification web page is under development, led by Nebraska. It is expected to be superior to currently existing sources. It will focus on an instructional guide for identifying range and forage plants common to the corn belt.
Economic analyses, to date, of different systems suggest a great advantage to grazing stockpiled forages and limited use of shelled corn rather than feeding substantial amounts of hay and protein supplements for winter maintenance of cattle. Only by having the six states testing various alternatives to extended winter grazing can enough options be tested rapidly to bring viable recommendations to the cattle industry. Important recommendations are already very useful, even though the project is only beginning its third year. The workshops are expected to impart these ideas to producers this fall. Future work will continue to explore the economic features of the grazing systems found to be agronomically favorable and nutritionally suitable for the cattle. Environmental responsibility will also be a goal of the systems being developed.
Assigned Responsibilities/Deadlines/Target Dates
The following people comprise the writing team of the renewal proposal: Russell (IA), Moyer (KS), Kallenbach (MO), Anderson (NE), Zartman (OH), Carr (ND). Zartman will assume leadership and work with the team members, who will survey their state NC-225 members for input regarding the proposal composition. People working in beef grazing systems in NCR states not currently participating in NC-225 will be contacted to see if they want to become involved in future activities. The first draft of the renewal proposal is to be available for the next annual meeting in June 2003. Assurance of multi-state contributions to the achievement of the objectives will be given substantial attention in the writing process. The revised draft is to be submitted to the NC-225 Administrative Advisor, Dr. Darrell Nelson, by the fall of 2003.
Impacts
Publications
Kansas:
Moyer, J. L., and L. W. Lomas. 2002. Use of legumes in wheat-bermudagrass pastures. Pp. 18-19. In: 2002 Agricultural Research, Southeast Agricultural Research Center. Kansas Agric. Exp. Stn. Report of Progress 892. 78p.
Iowa:
Clark, J., J. Russell, D. Karlen, D. Busby, L.J. Secor, B. Peterson, L. Pellack, C. Olsen, D. Maxwell, and S. Shouse. 2002. Effects of corn crop residue grazing on soil physical properties and subsequent soybean production in a corn-soybean crop rotation. 2002 Beef Research Report. A.S. Leaflet R1784. Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
Haan, M.M., J. Russell, W. Powers, S. Mickelson, S.K. Ahmed, and J. Kovar. 2002. Effects of grazing management on sediment and phosphorus runoff. 2002 Beef Research Report. A.S. Leaflet R1783. Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
Hermann, M.L., J.R. Russell, and S.K. Barnhart. 2002. Evaluation of hay-type and grazing-tolerant alfalfa cultivars in season-long or complementary rotational stocking systems for beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 80:768-779.
Janovick, N.A. and J.R. Russell. 2001. Evaluation of calf and forage production in rotational stocking systems for spring- and fall-calving beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 79(Supp. 1):220. Abstr.
Janovick, N.A. and J.R. Russell. 2002. Year-round grazing systems for fall- and spring-calving beef cows: summer grazing management. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 2):33.
Janovick, N.A. and J.R. Russell. 2002. Year-round grazing systems for fall- and spring-calving beef cows: winter grazing management. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 2):33.
Janovick, N.A., J.R. Russell, D.R. Strohbehn, D.G. Morrical, S.K. Barnhart, D.Maxwell, and L.J.Secor. 2002. Integration of year-round forage management systems for spring- and fall-calving beef cows. 2002 Beef Research Report. A.S. Leaflet R1778. Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
Russell, J.R., J.R. Clark, D.L.Karlen, W.D. Busby, L.J. Secor, B. Peterson, C.R. Olson, and S.C. Shouse. 2001. Corn crop residue grazing effects on soil physical properties and soybean production in a corn-soybean crop rotation. J. Anim. Sci. 79(Supp. 1):419. Abstr.
Missouri:
Kallenbach, R.L., G.J. Bishop-Hurley, M.D. Massie, and C.A. Roberts. 2002. Stockpiled annual ryegrass for winter forage in the lower Midwestern USA. Submitted to Crop Sci. 5/24/2002.
Lock, T.R., R.L. Kallenbach, D.G. Blevins, T.M. Reinbott, G.J. Bishop-Hurley, R.J. Crawford, and M.D. Massie. 2002. Adequate soil phosphorus decreases the grass tetany potential of tall fescue pasture. Online. Crop Mgt. doi:10.1094/CM-2002-0809-01-RS
Kallenbach, R.L., C.J. Nelson, and J.H. Coutts. 2002. The influence of cultivar and harvest frequency on alfalfa yield, quality, and persistence in southern Missouri, USA. Agron. J. (In Press).
Kallenbach, R.L., G.J. Bishop-Hurley, M.D. Massie, G.E. Rottinghaus, and C.P. West. 2002. Herbage mass, nutritive value and ergovaline concentration of stockpiled tall fescue. Crop Sci. In Press.
Wen, L., R.L. Kallenbach, J.E. Williams, C.A. Roberts, P.R. Beuselinck, R.L. McGraw, and H.R. Benedict. 2002. Performance of steers grazing rhizomatous and non-rhizomatous birdsfoot trefoil in pure stands and in tall fescue mixtures. J. Anim. Sci. 80:1970-1976.
Wen, L., C.A. Roberts, J.E. Williams, R.L. Kallenbach, P.R. Beuselinck, and R.L. McGraw. 2002. Condensed tannin concentration of rhizomatous and non-rhizomatous birdsfoot trefoil in grazing mixtures and monocultures. Crop Sci. (In Press).
Nebraska:
Awada, T., L.E. Moser, W.H. Schacht, and P.E. Reece. 2002. Stomatal variability of native warm-season grasses from the Nebraska Sandhills. Can. J. Plant Sci. 82:349-355.
Ciminski, L., D. Adams, T. Klopfenstein, D. Clark, J. Musgrave, R. Sandberg, and A. Applegarth. 2001. Weaning date for spring calving cows grazing Sandhills range. In: 2002 Beef Cattle Report. Ag. Research Div., Univ. of NE, Lincoln. p. 3-4.
Ciminski, L.A., D.C. Ciminski, L.A. Adams, T.J. Klopfenstein, and R.T. Clark. 2002. Weaning date for spring calving cows grazing Sandhills range. Proc. Soc. Range Manage. 55th Annual Meeting. Abstr. p. 21.
Ciminski, L.A., D.C. Adams, T.J. Klopfenstein, and R.T. Clark. 2002. Effects of weaning date and protein supplementation on cow/calf productivity. Abstract presented at the Midwestern Section ASAS and Midwest Branch ADSA 2002 Meeting, Des Moines, IA. Abstr. 263, p. 65.
Creighton, K.W., J. A. Johnson-Musgrave, D.C. Adams, R.E. Sandberg, and J. A. Gosey. 2002. Effects of cow-calf separation on milk production and performance. Proc. Soc. Range Manage. 55th Annual Meeting. Abstr. p. 20.
Deutscher, G., B. Plugge, A. Applegarth, and R. Davis. 2001. Replacement heifer development for spring and summer calving herds. In: 2002 Beef Cattle Report. Ag. Research Div., Univ. of NE, Lincoln. p. 4-7.
Hopkin, A.M. 2001. Cow-calf yearling beef production systems in the Nebraska Sandhills. M.S. Thesis. Dept. of Animal Science, Univ. of NE, Lincoln.
Lamb, J.B., D.C. Adams, T.J. Klopfenstein, and R.J. Grant, Phillip L. Sims, L.M. White, and S.S. Waller. 2002. Intake and digestive kinetics of leaf stem fractions. J. Range Manage. 55:57-64.
Lamothe, M.J. 2002. Estimation of microbial and rumen undegradeable protein supply in grazing cattle. M.S. Thesis. Dept. of Animal Science, Univ. of NE, Lincoln.
Lamothe, M., T. Klopfenstein, D. Adams, J. Musgrave, and G. Erickson. 2002. Urinary allantoin as an estimate of microbial protein synthesis. Abstract presented at the Midwestern Section ASAS and Midwest Branch ADSA 2002 Meeting, Des Moines, IA. Abstr. 242, p. 60.
Mousel, E.M. 2001. Summer grazing strategies following early-season grazing of big bluestem. M.S. Thesis, Dept. of Agronomy and Horticulture, UNL.
Muesel, M.R. 2001. Legume persistence under various grazing strategies. M.S. Thesis, Dept. of Agronomy and Horticulture, UNL.
Patterson, T., D. Adams, T. Klopfenstein, and A. Hopkin. 2001. Metabolizable protein requirements of lactating two-year-old cows. In: 2002 Beef Cattle Report. Ag. Research Div., Univ. of NE, Lincoln. p. 9-11.
Ullerich, M.D. 2001. Effects of forage quality on performance of beef steers grazing smooth brome pastures inter-seeded with legumes. M.S. Thesis, Dept. of Animal Science, UNL.
Ullerich, M., T. Klopfenstein, B. Anderson, and M. Trammel. 2002. Forage quality and animal performance of steers grazing smooth bromegrass/legume pastures. In: 2002 Beef Cattle Report, Ag. Research Div., UNL, MP 79-A. p. 20-21.
Volesky, J.D., D.C. Adams, and R.T. Clark. 2001. Windrow grazing and baled-hay feeding strategies for wintering calves. In: 2002 Beef Cattle Report, Ag Research Div., Univ. of NE-Lincoln, MP 79-A. p.17-20.
Volesky, J.D., D.C. Adams, and R.T. Clark. 2002. Windrow grazing and baled-hay feeding strategies for wintering calves. J. Range Manage. 55:23-32.
North Dakota:
Carr, P.M., and W.W. Poland. Improving profitability and resource efficiency of conventional and alternative crops with legume pasture in western North Dakota. p 316-317. In K.A. Ringwall (ed.) 2001 Annual Report, North Dakota State Univ., Dickinson Res. Ext. Ctr., Dickinson, ND.
Moyer, J. L., and L. W. Lomas. 2002. Use of legumes in wheat-bermudagrass pastures. Pp. 18-19. In: 2002 Agricultural Research, Southeast Agricultural Research Center. Kansas Agric. Exp. Stn. Report of Progress 892. 78p.
Iowa:
Clark, J., J. Russell, D. Karlen, D. Busby, L.J. Secor, B. Peterson, L. Pellack, C. Olsen, D. Maxwell, and S. Shouse. 2002. Effects of corn crop residue grazing on soil physical properties and subsequent soybean production in a corn-soybean crop rotation. 2002 Beef Research Report. A.S. Leaflet R1784. Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
Haan, M.M., J. Russell, W. Powers, S. Mickelson, S.K. Ahmed, and J. Kovar. 2002. Effects of grazing management on sediment and phosphorus runoff. 2002 Beef Research Report. A.S. Leaflet R1783. Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
Hermann, M.L., J.R. Russell, and S.K. Barnhart. 2002. Evaluation of hay-type and grazing-tolerant alfalfa cultivars in season-long or complementary rotational stocking systems for beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 80:768-779.
Janovick, N.A. and J.R. Russell. 2001. Evaluation of calf and forage production in rotational stocking systems for spring- and fall-calving beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 79(Supp. 1):220. Abstr.
Janovick, N.A. and J.R. Russell. 2002. Year-round grazing systems for fall- and spring-calving beef cows: summer grazing management. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 2):33.
Janovick, N.A. and J.R. Russell. 2002. Year-round grazing systems for fall- and spring-calving beef cows: winter grazing management. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 2):33.
Janovick, N.A., J.R. Russell, D.R. Strohbehn, D.G. Morrical, S.K. Barnhart, D.Maxwell, and L.J.Secor. 2002. Integration of year-round forage management systems for spring- and fall-calving beef cows. 2002 Beef Research Report. A.S. Leaflet R1778. Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
Russell, J.R., J.R. Clark, D.L.Karlen, W.D. Busby, L.J. Secor, B. Peterson, C.R. Olson, and S.C. Shouse. 2001. Corn crop residue grazing effects on soil physical properties and soybean production in a corn-soybean crop rotation. J. Anim. Sci. 79(Supp. 1):419. Abstr.
Missouri:
Kallenbach, R.L., G.J. Bishop-Hurley, M.D. Massie, and C.A. Roberts. 2002. Stockpiled annual ryegrass for winter forage in the lower Midwestern USA. Submitted to Crop Sci. 5/24/2002.
Lock, T.R., R.L. Kallenbach, D.G. Blevins, T.M. Reinbott, G.J. Bishop-Hurley, R.J. Crawford, and M.D. Massie. 2002. Adequate soil phosphorus decreases the grass tetany potential of tall fescue pasture. Online. Crop Mgt. doi:10.1094/CM-2002-0809-01-RS
Kallenbach, R.L., C.J. Nelson, and J.H. Coutts. 2002. The influence of cultivar and harvest frequency on alfalfa yield, quality, and persistence in southern Missouri, USA. Agron. J. (In Press).
Kallenbach, R.L., G.J. Bishop-Hurley, M.D. Massie, G.E. Rottinghaus, and C.P. West. 2002. Herbage mass, nutritive value and ergovaline concentration of stockpiled tall fescue. Crop Sci. In Press.
Wen, L., R.L. Kallenbach, J.E. Williams, C.A. Roberts, P.R. Beuselinck, R.L. McGraw, and H.R. Benedict. 2002. Performance of steers grazing rhizomatous and non-rhizomatous birdsfoot trefoil in pure stands and in tall fescue mixtures. J. Anim. Sci. 80:1970-1976.
Wen, L., C.A. Roberts, J.E. Williams, R.L. Kallenbach, P.R. Beuselinck, and R.L. McGraw. 2002. Condensed tannin concentration of rhizomatous and non-rhizomatous birdsfoot trefoil in grazing mixtures and monocultures. Crop Sci. (In Press).
Nebraska:
Awada, T., L.E. Moser, W.H. Schacht, and P.E. Reece. 2002. Stomatal variability of native warm-season grasses from the Nebraska Sandhills. Can. J. Plant Sci. 82:349-355.
Ciminski, L., D. Adams, T. Klopfenstein, D. Clark, J. Musgrave, R. Sandberg, and A. Applegarth. 2001. Weaning date for spring calving cows grazing Sandhills range. In: 2002 Beef Cattle Report. Ag. Research Div., Univ. of NE, Lincoln. p. 3-4.
Ciminski, L.A., D.C. Ciminski, L.A. Adams, T.J. Klopfenstein, and R.T. Clark. 2002. Weaning date for spring calving cows grazing Sandhills range. Proc. Soc. Range Manage. 55th Annual Meeting. Abstr. p. 21.
Ciminski, L.A., D.C. Adams, T.J. Klopfenstein, and R.T. Clark. 2002. Effects of weaning date and protein supplementation on cow/calf productivity. Abstract presented at the Midwestern Section ASAS and Midwest Branch ADSA 2002 Meeting, Des Moines, IA. Abstr. 263, p. 65.
Creighton, K.W., J. A. Johnson-Musgrave, D.C. Adams, R.E. Sandberg, and J. A. Gosey. 2002. Effects of cow-calf separation on milk production and performance. Proc. Soc. Range Manage. 55th Annual Meeting. Abstr. p. 20.
Deutscher, G., B. Plugge, A. Applegarth, and R. Davis. 2001. Replacement heifer development for spring and summer calving herds. In: 2002 Beef Cattle Report. Ag. Research Div., Univ. of NE, Lincoln. p. 4-7.
Hopkin, A.M. 2001. Cow-calf yearling beef production systems in the Nebraska Sandhills. M.S. Thesis. Dept. of Animal Science, Univ. of NE, Lincoln.
Lamb, J.B., D.C. Adams, T.J. Klopfenstein, and R.J. Grant, Phillip L. Sims, L.M. White, and S.S. Waller. 2002. Intake and digestive kinetics of leaf stem fractions. J. Range Manage. 55:57-64.
Lamothe, M.J. 2002. Estimation of microbial and rumen undegradeable protein supply in grazing cattle. M.S. Thesis. Dept. of Animal Science, Univ. of NE, Lincoln.
Lamothe, M., T. Klopfenstein, D. Adams, J. Musgrave, and G. Erickson. 2002. Urinary allantoin as an estimate of microbial protein synthesis. Abstract presented at the Midwestern Section ASAS and Midwest Branch ADSA 2002 Meeting, Des Moines, IA. Abstr. 242, p. 60.
Mousel, E.M. 2001. Summer grazing strategies following early-season grazing of big bluestem. M.S. Thesis, Dept. of Agronomy and Horticulture, UNL.
Muesel, M.R. 2001. Legume persistence under various grazing strategies. M.S. Thesis, Dept. of Agronomy and Horticulture, UNL.
Patterson, T., D. Adams, T. Klopfenstein, and A. Hopkin. 2001. Metabolizable protein requirements of lactating two-year-old cows. In: 2002 Beef Cattle Report. Ag. Research Div., Univ. of NE, Lincoln. p. 9-11.
Ullerich, M.D. 2001. Effects of forage quality on performance of beef steers grazing smooth brome pastures inter-seeded with legumes. M.S. Thesis, Dept. of Animal Science, UNL.
Ullerich, M., T. Klopfenstein, B. Anderson, and M. Trammel. 2002. Forage quality and animal performance of steers grazing smooth bromegrass/legume pastures. In: 2002 Beef Cattle Report, Ag. Research Div., UNL, MP 79-A. p. 20-21.
Volesky, J.D., D.C. Adams, and R.T. Clark. 2001. Windrow grazing and baled-hay feeding strategies for wintering calves. In: 2002 Beef Cattle Report, Ag Research Div., Univ. of NE-Lincoln, MP 79-A. p.17-20.
Volesky, J.D., D.C. Adams, and R.T. Clark. 2002. Windrow grazing and baled-hay feeding strategies for wintering calves. J. Range Manage. 55:23-32.
North Dakota:
Carr, P.M., and W.W. Poland. Improving profitability and resource efficiency of conventional and alternative crops with legume pasture in western North Dakota. p 316-317. In K.A. Ringwall (ed.) 2001 Annual Report, North Dakota State Univ., Dickinson Res. Ext. Ctr., Dickinson, ND.